Experimental device for simulating cabin airflow circulation at different altitudes

Abstract

The present application discloses an experimental device for simulating cabin airflow circulation at different altitudes of an aircraft, comprising: a test cabin, wherein the cabin body is divided into an upper simulation cabin, a lower simulation cabin and an equipment cabin, wherein a sandwich is provided in the cabin body wall, and the sandwich is respectively connected to the sandwich and the equipment cabin; a mixer, which has a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet and a mixed air outlet; an upper cabin air intake distribution pipe, wherein the air inlet thereof is connected to the mixed air outlet of the mixer, and the air outlet is distributed on the top of the upper simulation cabin; a filter and a circulating fan, which constitute an internal circulation branch in the lower simulation cabin, so that a part of the return air from the sandwich enters the lower simulation cabin for internal circulation, and a part of the return air enters the mixer; a low-pressure simulation cabin and a vacuum pump, which simulate different altitudes through a pressure relief valve and constitute an exhaust assembly of the sandwich; a fresh air air conditioning unit, which is connected to the fresh air inlet of the mixer through a pipeline; and a cabin door assembly. The present application can better simulate the airflow circulation under the actual flight conditions of the aircraft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of simulation testing in the field of aviation safety technology, and in particular relates to an experimental device for simulating cabin airflow circulation at different altitudes of an aircraft. Background Art

[0002] In the process of aircraft design and manufacturing, safety is the most important technical field. It is necessary to make predictions about various emergencies that may occur during the flight of the aircraft, simulate or restore accidents and other tests for verification, collect test data, formulate emergency plans for various emergencies, simulate training, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to provide various test devices to support the completion of various simulation or restoration tests.

[0003] According to the Airworthiness Standards for Transport Aircraft, the ventilation system should be able to provide at least 250 grams (0.55 pounds) of fresh air per minute to each passenger. Other data show that modern passenger aircraft can provide 250-280 liters of fresh air per minute for each passenger when flying in the air, and about 50% of the cabin air will be recycled and mixed with the fresh air from the outside to enter the cabin together. Therefore, similar simulations are also required in the air circulation simulation of the simulation device. About 50% of the cabin air will be recycled, and then about 50% of the fresh air will be added through the fresh air unit. The pressure of the added fresh air and the circulating return air usually has a difference (usually, the fresh air pressure is the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin, which is 1~20kPa, and the return air pressure is the wind pressure of the circulating fan, which is 2~15kPa). In existing simulation devices, it is usually difficult to fully mix the two different pressure intakes. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides an experimental device for simulating the airflow circulation in the cabin of an aircraft at different altitudes, which can more realistically simulate the airflow circulation at different altitudes of the aircraft, and the return air and fresh air of the airflow circulation can be better mixed. The collected test data is more in line with the actual flight situation, which is conducive to better formulating emergency plans for emergency handling of emergencies.

[0005] The experimental device for simulating the airflow circulation in the cabin of an aircraft at different altitudes includes:

[0006] The test cabin is divided into an upper simulation cabin, a lower simulation cabin and an equipment cabin in the cabin body, and a sandwich is provided in the cabin body wall, and the sandwich is connected with the equipment cabin; the sandwich has an air inlet and an air outlet and is connected with the upper simulation cabin through the air inlet;

[0007] A mixer, located in the equipment cabin, having a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet and a mixed air outlet;

[0008] An upper cabin air intake distribution pipe, whose air inlet is connected to the mixed air outlet and whose air outlet is distributed on the top of the upper simulation cabin;

[0009] The filter and the circulating fan are arranged in the equipment cabin, the air inlet of the filter is connected to the equipment cabin, the air outlet of the filter is connected to the air inlet of the circulating fan through a pipeline, the air outlet of the circulating fan is connected to the return air inlet of the mixer through a return air duct and to the lower simulation cabin through a first circulating air duct, and the lower simulation cabin is connected to the equipment cabin through a second circulating air duct, so that part of the return air from the interlayer is sent to the lower simulation cabin for internal circulation, and part of the return air is sent to the mixer;

[0010] A low-pressure simulation cabin and a vacuum pump, wherein the air inlet of the low-pressure simulation cabin is connected to the air outlet of the interlayer through a first exhaust pipe, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the vacuum pump through a second exhaust pipe;

[0011] A fresh air air conditioning unit is connected to the fresh air inlet of the mixer through a fresh air inlet pipe;

[0012] A door assembly is arranged in the upper simulation cabin and is used for closing or opening the test cabin.

[0013] The test device of the present application can release pressure by adjusting the valve opening of the low-pressure simulation cabin, simulating the external air pressure environment of the aircraft at different altitudes, so that the entire device can complete the simulation of the external high-altitude conditions of the aircraft on the ground. The present application mainly simulates the airflow circulation of the aircraft at different altitudes. By adjusting the opening of each air path valve, the pressure in the upper simulation cabin is adjusted to 80kPa~normal pressure; the pressure in the lower simulation cabin is adjusted to 80 kPa~normal pressure; the pressure in the low-pressure simulation cabin is adjusted to 15 kPa~normal pressure; the pressure in the interlayer is adjusted to 80kPa~normal pressure. The gas in the interlayer can be naturally discharged into the low-pressure simulation cabin through the pressure difference.

[0014] Optionally, the mixer includes a shell, which is divided into an air intake chamber, a first-level mixing chamber, a second-level mixing chamber, a third-level mixing chamber and a fourth-level mixing chamber, which are distributed in sequence from bottom to top and connected up and down, by baffles fixed to the inner wall of the shell. The air intake chamber is divided into a first air intake chamber and a second air intake chamber by a vertical partition fixed to the bottom of the shell. The first air intake chamber has the fresh air inlet on the side wall, the second air intake chamber has the return air inlet on the side wall, and the top of the fourth mixing chamber has the mixed air outlet; the baffles are, from bottom to top, a first baffle, a second baffle, a third baffle and a fourth baffle, the first baffle and the third baffle protrude upward relative to the horizontal plane and have gas through holes at their centers; the second baffle and the fourth baffle are horizontally arranged and are porous plates.

[0015] The fresh air entering the air circulation is mixed with the return air from the circulation system in the mixer. The pressure of the fresh air is generally 1~20kPa, and the pressure of the return air is generally 2~15kPa. There is a difference in pressure between the two. After the structure is improved, the mixer of the present application can better mix the incoming air from two different pressure sources. The fresh air enters the first air intake chamber from the fresh air inlet, and the return air enters the second air intake chamber from the return air inlet. The fresh air in the first air intake chamber and the return air in the second air intake chamber respectively enter the first mixing chamber from the air intake hole of the first baffle. The central hole of the first baffle is conducive to the rapid entry of the two gases into the mixing chamber; after mixing in the first mixing chamber, it passes upward through the second baffle to enter the second mixing chamber. The second baffle is a porous plate, so that the mixed wind in the first mixing chamber can enter the second mixing chamber more evenly, thereby enhancing the mixing uniformity of the two; the mixed air evenly distributed by the second baffle quickly passes through the central hole of the third baffle to enter the third mixing chamber, and after further mixing, it enters the fourth mixing chamber after being evenly distributed by the fourth baffle, and finally enters the upper cabin air intake distribution pipe from the top mixed air outlet.

[0016] The mixer of the present application adopts the method of arranging the center hole plate and the porous plate at intervals, which not only ensures the wind speed of the mixed wind flowing through the mixer, but also ensures the mixing uniformity of the two different pressure intake air. The side walls of the first baffle and the third baffle are arranged at an angle, which plays a certain guiding role for the mixed wind, so that the mixed wind in the corresponding mixing chamber can enter the next mixing chamber more quickly. At the same time, the first baffle adopts a central opening and an inclined side wall, which is conducive to the two incoming air in the air intake chamber to quickly enter the first mixing chamber; the fourth baffle adopts a porous plate structure, which is conducive to the mixed wind entering the upper cabin air intake distribution pipe more smoothly; the vertical partition installed between the first air intake chamber and the second air intake chamber prevents the fresh air and return air of different pressures from interfering with each other, so that they can enter the first mixing chamber more smoothly.

[0017] Several optional methods are also provided below, but they are not intended to be additional limitations on the above-mentioned overall solution, but are merely further supplements or preferences. Under the premise that there are no technical or logical contradictions, each optional method can be combined with the above-mentioned overall solution separately, and multiple optional methods can also be combined.

[0018] Optionally, the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate have an annular inclined side wall, and the angle between the inclined side wall and the horizontal plane is 15-30 degrees, which can better play the role of gas diversion.

[0019] Optionally, the vertical partition is located on the central axis of the gas through hole of the first baffle, and the top of the vertical partition is spaced 0-15 cm from the gas through hole of the first baffle, so as to adjust the fresh air in the first air inlet chamber and the return air in the second air inlet chamber to enter the first mixing chamber more smoothly.

[0020] Optionally, the volume ratio of the first mixing chamber, the second mixing chamber, the third mixing chamber and the fourth mixing chamber is 1:1:1:1; the volume ratio of the first air intake chamber and the second air intake chamber in the air intake chamber is 1:1.

[0021] Optionally, the upper cabin air intake distribution pipe includes:

[0022] Two air intake mains are located in the interlayer on opposite sides of the cabin wall;

[0023] A plurality of air intake branch pipes are connected with the air intake main pipe and extend upward along the cabin wall to the top of the upper simulation cabin.

[0024] Optionally, a pair of the mixed air outlets are symmetrically arranged at the top of the fourth mixing chamber, and are respectively connected to the air inlets of the corresponding air intake main pipes.

[0025] Optionally, the air intake main pipe extends horizontally in the interlayer; the air inlet of the interlayer is located at the side wall close to the bottom of the upper simulation cabin.

[0026] Optionally, a lower cabin air inlet regulating valve and a flow meter are provided on the first circulating air duct; and a lower cabin air outlet regulating valve is provided on the second circulating air duct.

[0027] Optionally, the air outlet of the circulation fan is respectively connected to the return air duct and the first circulation air duct through a three-way pipe; a flow meter is arranged on the main pipe connecting the air outlet of the circulation fan and the three-way pipe.

[0028] Optionally, an exhaust regulating valve is provided on the first exhaust duct; a switch valve is provided on the second exhaust duct; and a fresh air intake regulating valve and a flow meter are provided on the pipeline connecting the fresh air air conditioning unit and the mixer.

[0029] Optionally, the lower simulation cabin and the equipment cabin are located in parallel below the upper simulation cabin, and the equipment cabin and the mezzanine are an integrated connected structure.

[0030] Optionally, the cabin door assembly includes a door panel and a door frame, the door frame is arranged on the upper simulation cabin, the door panel is an arc-shaped structure in the longitudinal direction, a lock hook is arranged at the edge of the door panel, and a lock pin is arranged on the corresponding door frame, a rotatable driving member is arranged in the middle of the door panel, a linkage assembly is arranged between the driving member and the lock hook, the linkage assembly includes a horizontal linkage assembly and a vertical linkage assembly, the horizontal linkage assembly is two sets arranged up and down, each set includes a horizontal connecting rod and a connecting member protruding from the horizontal connecting rod, the lock hook is arranged at two ends of the horizontal connecting rod, and the vertical linkage assembly is two sets arranged left and right, each set includes at least one vertical connecting rod, one of the vertical connecting rods is hinged to the driving member, one of the vertical connecting rods is hinged to the connecting member and can slide in the horizontal direction, the length of the vertical connecting rod is adjustable, and when the driving member is manipulated to rotate, the lock hook is driven by the linkage assembly to cooperate with the lock pin to achieve locking or releasing.

[0031] Optionally, both ends of the vertical connecting rod have an axial hole and a nut is fixedly installed at the end of the axial hole; the vertical connecting rod is hingedly connected to the driving member and the corresponding connecting member through a ball joint, the ball head part of the ball joint is hingedly connected to the driving member or the corresponding connecting member, and the screw part is passed through the axial hole and cooperates with the corresponding nut thread.

[0032] Optionally, the vertical linkage assembly located on the right side includes a transition vertical link, a lower vertical link and a transition horizontal link that transitionally connects the two, wherein the transition horizontal link is horizontally arranged and has a transition connecting piece protruding from the horizontal link; the upper end of the transition vertical link is hinged to the driving piece, and the lower end is hinged to the transition connecting piece and can slide horizontally along the transition connecting piece; the upper end of the lower vertical link is hinged to the transition connecting piece and is limited in the horizontal direction of the transition connecting piece, and the lower end is hinged to the connecting piece of the corresponding horizontal connecting rod.

[0033] The hatch of the present application is a curved hatch. In order to achieve better sealing and opening and closing operations between the curved hatch and the cabin body, in the vertical linkage assembly of the present application, on the one hand, the length of the vertical connecting rods are set to be adjustable, and can slide horizontally at the connection with the corresponding horizontal connecting rods; on the other hand, the vertical connecting rods of the vertical linkage assembly are staggered and segmented.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0035] (1) This application sets up an independent lower cabin circulation branch. The positions and diameters of the air inlet and outlet of the lower cabin are designed to restore the actual situation of the aircraft cargo cabin. The air inlet and outlet are also equipped with valves to adjust the opening and disconnection. At present, fire accidents in luggage boxes in the cargo cabin (chargers and other items that cause fire hazards) often occur, which has a great impact on flight safety. Therefore, it is necessary to simulate the airflow circulation together with the cargo cabin to more realistically reflect the airflow circulation in the cabin.

[0036] (2) The mixer of the present application adopts a central hole plate and a porous plate arranged at intervals, which ensures the wind speed of the mixed wind flowing through the mixer and the mixing uniformity of the two different pressure intake air. The side walls of the first baffle and the third baffle are inclined, which plays a certain guiding role for the mixed wind, so that the mixed wind in the corresponding mixing chamber can enter the next mixing chamber more quickly. The first baffle adopts a central opening and an inclined side wall, which is conducive to the two incoming air in the air intake chamber to quickly enter the first mixing chamber; the fourth baffle adopts a porous plate structure, which is conducive to the mixed air entering the upper cabin air intake distribution pipe more smoothly; the vertical partition installed between the first air intake chamber and the second air intake chamber prevents the fresh air and return air of different pressures from interfering with each other, so that they can enter the first mixing chamber more smoothly.

[0037] (3) The experimental chamber of this application has good sealing performance and is easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the test device for this application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is the circulation gas circuit diagram of the test device for this application.

[0040] Figure 3~Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mixer;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of flow distribution in air flow circulation;

[0042] Figure 6 and Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at different angles when the hatch assembly is unlocked;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the door panel;

[0044] Fig. 9 It is a side view of the door panel structure;

[0045] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0046] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of part B;

[0047] Fig.12 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of part C in the middle;

[0048] Fig.13 It is a side view of the door panel structure;

[0049] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A partial enlarged view of part D in the middle;

[0050] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the lock hook and lock pin in the locked state.

[0051] The reference numerals shown in the figures are as follows:

[0052] 1. Upper simulation cabin; 2. Lower simulation cabin; 3. Equipment cabin;

[0053] 4. mezzanine, 401, air inlet, 402, air outlet;

[0054] 5. mixer, 501. first baffle, 502. second baffle, 503. third baffle, 504. fourth baffle, 505. vertical partition, 506. first air inlet chamber, 507. second air inlet chamber, 508. fresh air inlet, 509. return air inlet, 510. first mixing chamber, 511. second mixing chamber, 512. third mixing chamber, 513. fourth mixing chamber, 514. mixed air outlet;

[0055] 6. Upper cabin air intake distribution pipe, 601, air intake main pipe, 602, air intake branch pipe;

[0056] 7. Filter; 8. Circulation fan; 9. First circulation air duct; 10. Second circulation air duct; 11. Return air duct; 12. Low-pressure simulation cabin; 13. Vacuum pump; 14. First exhaust air duct; 15. Second exhaust air duct; 16. Fresh air air conditioning unit; 17. Fresh air inlet duct; 18. Lower cabin air inlet regulating valve; 19. Lower cabin air outlet regulating valve; 20. Exhaust regulating valve; 21. Switch valve; 22. Fresh air inlet regulating valve; 23. Flow meter;

[0057] 24. Door frame; 25. Door panel; 26. Lock hook; 27. Lock pin; 28. Rotating rocker arm; 29. ​​Pin shaft; 30. Door handle shaft; 31. Inner door handle; 32. Outer door handle; 33. Upper horizontal connecting rod; 34. Upper connecting piece; 35. Connecting ear; 36. Horizontal guide rod; 37. Lower horizontal connecting rod; 38. Lower connecting piece; 39. Upper vertical connecting rod; 40. Nut; 41. Ball joint; 42. Transition vertical connecting rod; 43. Transition horizontal connecting rod; 44. Transition connecting piece; 45. Lower vertical connecting rod; 46. Articulated structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] In order to better describe and illustrate the embodiments of the present application, reference may be made to one or more drawings, but the additional details or examples used to describe the drawings should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention of the present application, any of the currently described embodiments or preferred methods.

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0061] like Figure 1~Figure 4 As shown, an experimental device for simulating cabin air flow circulation at different altitudes of an aircraft includes a test cabin, a mixer 5, an upper cabin air intake distribution pipe 6, a filter 7, a circulating fan 8, a low-pressure simulation cabin 12, a vacuum pump 13 and a fresh air air conditioning unit 16.

[0062] The cabin of the test cabin is divided into two parts, upper and lower, by a steel horizontal partition. The upper part is an upper simulation cabin 1, and the lower part is divided into a lower simulation cabin 2 and an equipment cabin 3 by a vertical steel partition. The lower simulation cabin 2 and the equipment cabin 3 are located in parallel below the upper simulation cabin. The upper simulation cabin simulates the passenger cabin, and the lower simulation cabin simulates the cargo cabin. The cabin wall of the test cabin has a hollow interlayer 4. The interlayer of the upper simulation cabin and the interlayer of the lower simulation cabin are interconnected. The interlayer 4 and the equipment cabin 3 are interconnected. For example, it can be designed as an integrated interconnected structure, that is, there is no partition between the equipment cabin and the interlayer. The interlayer has an air inlet 401 and an air outlet 402. The air inlet 401 is located at the side walls on both sides near the bottom of the upper simulation cabin, and is connected to the upper simulation cabin 1 through its air inlet. The mixed gas in the upper simulation cabin enters the interlayer space from the air inlet 401. The exhaust port 402 of the interlayer is connected to the air inlet of the low-pressure simulation cabin 12 through the first exhaust pipe 14, and the air outlet of the low-pressure simulation cabin is connected to the air inlet of the vacuum pump 13 through the second exhaust pipe 15. Part of the gas is discharged through the low-pressure simulation cabin and the vacuum pump, and part of the gas enters the equipment cabin for circulation.

[0063] The mixer 5 is located in the equipment compartment 3. The structure of the mixer is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the mixer includes a housing, and the baffles in the mixer are the first baffle 501, the second baffle 502, the third baffle 503 and the fourth baffle 504 from bottom to top. The space below the first baffle is the air inlet chamber, and the air inlet chamber is divided into the first air inlet chamber 506 and the second air inlet chamber 507 by a vertical partition 505 fixed to the bottom of the housing. The side wall of the first air inlet chamber 506 is provided with a fresh air inlet 508, and the side wall of the second air inlet chamber 507 is provided with a return air inlet 509. The space surrounded by the first baffle and the second baffle is the first mixing chamber 510, the space surrounded by the second baffle and the third baffle is the second mixing chamber 511, the space surrounded by the third baffle and the fourth baffle is the fourth mixing chamber 512, and the space above the fourth baffle is the fourth mixing chamber 513, and the top of the fourth mixing chamber 513 is provided with a mixed air outlet 514.

[0064] The first baffle 501 and the third baffle 503 protrude upward relative to the horizontal plane and have a gas through hole at the center. The gas passes through the center of the first baffle and the third baffle. The first baffle and the second baffle have an annular inclined side wall; the angle between the inclined side wall and the horizontal plane is 15~30°, which can better play a role in gas diversion. The second baffle and the fourth baffle are arranged horizontally and are porous plates. The gas passes through the porous plates evenly. The vertical partition 505 is located on the central axis of the gas through hole of the first baffle 501, and the top of the vertical partition 505 is 0~15cm away from the gas through hole of the first baffle. The fresh air in the first air intake chamber and the return air in the second air intake chamber can enter the first mixing chamber more smoothly.

[0065] The volumes of the first mixing chamber, the second mixing chamber, the third mixing chamber and the fourth mixing chamber are close; and the volume ratio of the first air intake chamber to the second air intake chamber in the air intake chamber is 1:1.

[0066] Fresh air enters the first air intake chamber 506 from the fresh air inlet 508, and return air enters the second air intake chamber 507 from the return air inlet 509. The fresh air in the first air intake chamber 506 and the return air in the second air intake chamber 507 respectively enter the first mixing chamber 510 from the air intake holes of the first baffle 501. The central hole of the first baffle is conducive to the two gases quickly entering the first mixing chamber; after being mixed in the first mixing chamber 510, they pass upward through the second baffle 502 to enter the second mixing chamber 511. The second baffle is configured as a porous plate, so that the mixed wind in the first mixing chamber can enter the second mixing chamber more evenly, thereby enhancing the mixing uniformity of the two; the mixed air evenly distributed by the second baffle 502 quickly passes through the central hole of the third baffle 503 to enter the third mixing chamber 512, and after further mixing, it is evenly distributed by the fourth baffle 504 to enter the fourth mixing chamber 513, and finally enters the upper cabin air intake distribution pipe 6 from the mixed air outlet 514 at the top.

[0067] The upper cabin air intake distribution pipe 6 is arranged in the interlayer space of the test cabin, and its air inlet is connected to the mixed air outlet 514 of the mixer 5, and the air outlet is distributed on the top of the upper simulation cabin 1. The mixed air from the mixer 5 is sent into the upper simulation cabin from the top of the upper simulation cabin 1, filling the entire upper simulation cabin from top to bottom, and then entering the interlayer 4. In one embodiment, the upper cabin air intake distribution pipe 6 includes two air intake main pipes 601 and a plurality of air intake branch pipes 602. The two air intake main pipes 601 are respectively located in the interlayer 4 on opposite sides of the cabin wall of the test cabin, and the plurality of air intake branch pipes are connected to the air intake main pipes and extend upward along the cabin wall to the top of the upper simulation cabin. Correspondingly, a pair of mixed air outlets 514 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the fourth mixing chamber of the mixer 5, and the two mixed air outlets are respectively connected to the corresponding air intake main pipes.

[0068] The filter 7 and the circulating fan 8 are arranged in the equipment cabin 3. The circulating fan 8 adopts a variable frequency fan. The air inlet of the filter 7 is connected to the equipment cabin 3, and the air outlet of the filter 7 is connected to the air inlet of the circulating fan 8 through a pipeline. The air outlet of the circulating fan 8 is connected to the return air inlet 509 of the mixer 5 through the return air duct 11 and to the lower simulation cabin 2 through the first circulating air duct 9. The air outlet of the variable frequency fan is divided into two routes: connected through a three-way pipe, the first end of the three-way pipe is connected to the air outlet of the variable frequency fan through a pipeline, and the second end is connected to the lower simulation cabin 2 through the first circulating air duct. The lower simulation cabin 10 is connected to the equipment cabin through the second circulating air duct 10. A part of the return air from the mezzanine in the equipment cabin enters the lower simulation cabin for circulation and then returns to the equipment cabin connected to the mezzanine, and then returns to the mezzanine. A lower cabin air intake regulating valve 18 is provided on the first circulating air duct from the variable frequency fan to the lower simulation cabin, and the gas distributed in the lower cabin is returned to the equipment cabin connected to the mezzanine through the second circulating air duct 10 connecting the lower simulation cabin and the equipment cabin, and a lower cabin air outlet regulating valve 19 is provided on the second circulating air duct 10 from the lower simulation cabin back to the equipment cabin, and a flow meter 23 is provided on the outlet main pipe of the variable frequency fan and the first circulating air duct branch as the lower cabin air intake pipe; the third end of the three-way pipe is connected to the return air inlet of the mixer 5 through the return air pipe 11. That is, after the gas from the mezzanine space enters the equipment cabin, a part of it enters the lower simulation cabin through the variable frequency fan and then returns to the mezzanine through the equipment cabin, forming an independent lower cabin circulation branch, and a part of the gas returns to the mixer and mixes with the fresh air from the fresh air intake assembly, and the gas flow entering the lower simulation cabin circulation is regulated and controlled by the lower cabin air intake regulating valve and the lower cabin air outlet regulating valve, and the circulating gas volume in the lower simulation cabin is the gas volume collected by the variable frequency fan minus the gas volume repeatedly circulating into the mixer.

[0069] The low-pressure simulation cabin 12, vacuum pump 13 and corresponding regulating valves and switch valves are used to simulate different altitudes, and also constitute an exhaust component. The vacuum pump adopts a variable frequency vacuum pump. The exhaust port 402 of the interlayer 4 is connected to the air inlet of the low-pressure simulation cabin 12 through the first exhaust pipe 14. The first exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust regulating valve 20. The air outlet of the low-pressure simulation cabin is connected to the air inlet of the variable frequency vacuum pump through the second exhaust pipe 15. The second exhaust pipe is provided with a switch valve 21. The exhaust port of the interlayer is usually located at the tail of the test cabin. The excess gas in the interlayer is discharged through the exhaust port at the tail of the cabin. The discharge of the excess gas in the interlayer is naturally discharged through the pressure difference of the low-pressure simulation cabin connected to the interlayer.

[0070] The fresh air air conditioning unit 16, the fresh air regulating valve and the fresh air flow meter constitute a fresh air inlet assembly. The air outlet of the fresh air air conditioning unit 16 is connected to the fresh air inlet 508 of the air mixer 5 through the fresh air inlet pipe 17. The fresh air regulating valve 22 and the flow meter 23 are arranged on the fresh air inlet pipe. Fresh air gas is sent into the mixer through the fresh air inlet assembly. The fresh air gas is mixed with the circulating return air and then sent into the upper simulation cabin through the upper cabin air intake distribution pipe.

[0071] The test cabin also includes a door assembly, which is arranged in the upper simulation cabin. Figure 6~Figure 15 As shown, it includes a door panel 25 and a door frame 24. The door frame 24 is fixedly installed on the cabin body of the upper simulation cabin. The door panel 25 is an arc-shaped structure along the longitudinal direction. A lock hook 26 is provided at the edge of the door panel, and a lock pin 27 is provided on the corresponding door frame. A rotatable driving member is provided in the middle of the door panel 25, and a linkage assembly is provided between the driving member and the lock hook. The linkage assembly includes a horizontal linkage assembly and a vertical linkage assembly. The horizontal linkage assembly is two sets arranged up and down, each set includes a horizontal connecting rod and a connecting member protruding from the horizontal connecting rod, and the lock hook 26 is provided at two ends of the horizontal connecting rod. The vertical linkage assembly is two sets arranged left and right, each set includes at least one vertical connecting rod, one of which is hinged to the driving member, and the other is hinged to the connecting member and can slide in the horizontal direction. The length of the vertical connecting rod is adjustable. When the driving member is operated to rotate, the lock hook and the lock pin are driven to cooperate to achieve locking or unlocking through the linkage assembly.

[0072] The hatch of the present application is a curved hatch, and the lock hooks are symmetrically arranged on the two vertical sides of the door panel. Preferably, a lock hook is arranged on each vertical side, and four lock pins are arranged on the door. The curved hatch achieves four-point synchronous locking and unlocking through a driving member and a linkage assembly to ensure the sealing of the experimental cabin. As an implementation method of the driving member, Figure 8~Figure 10As shown, it includes a driving mechanism, a rotating swing rod 28 and a pin shaft 29. The rotating swing rod 28 is horizontally arranged, and the two ends of the rotating swing rod are respectively hingedly connected to the corresponding vertical connecting rods through the pin shaft 29. The rotating swing rod 28 is connected to the driving mechanism. Under the action of the driving structure, the two ends of the rotating swing rod 28 can swing up and down. Specifically, the driving structure can be a door handle (an inner door wrench 31 and an outer door handle 32) respectively arranged inside and outside. The door handle is pivotally connected to the door panel 25 through a door handle shaft 30. The door handle shaft 30 penetrates the door panel and is pivotally connected to the door panel through a bearing. The ends of the door handle shaft 30 on both sides of the door panel are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding door handles (the inner door wrench 31 and the outer door handle 32). The middle part of the rotating swing rod 28 is fixed on the door handle shaft 30. The length direction of the rotating swing rod 28 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the door handle shaft 30. By rotating the inner door handle or the outer door handle, the two ends of the rotating swing rod are driven to swing up and down, thereby driving the corresponding linkage components to lock or unlock the lock hook and the lock pin.

[0073] The horizontal linkage assembly consists of two sets arranged in an upper and lower manner, see Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.11 , including an upper horizontal connecting rod 33 and a lower horizontal connecting rod 37, the upper horizontal connecting rod 33 is located at the upper half height of the inner side of the door panel 25, the lower horizontal connecting rod 37 is located at the lower half height of the inner side of the door panel 25, both ends of the upper horizontal connecting rod 33 are rotatably mounted on the inner side of the door panel 25 through corresponding bearings, and a lock hook 26 is fixedly mounted on each of the two ends of the upper horizontal connecting rod 37, and the upper connecting member 34 is located on the right side of the middle of the upper horizontal connecting rod 33 ( Figure 8 The upper connecting member 34 protrudes inwards and obliquely downwards at a certain angle. The upper connecting member includes a pair of connecting ears 35 fixed to the connecting rod and a horizontal guide rod 36 fixed between the two connecting ears. The connecting ears 35 protrude inwards and obliquely downwards at a certain angle, so that the horizontal guide rod 36 and the upper horizontal connecting rod 33 are not located on the same vertical plane. The installation method of the lower horizontal connecting rod 37 on the inner side of the door panel 25 is the same as that of the upper horizontal connecting rod 33. The locking hooks at both ends of the lower horizontal connecting rod are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner with the locking hooks at both ends of the upper horizontal connecting rod. The lower connecting member 38 on the lower horizontal connecting rod 38 protrudes inwards and obliquely upwards at a certain angle. The structure and protruding angle of the lower connecting member itself are consistent with those of the upper connecting member. The setting position is allowed to be offset according to the corresponding vertical linkage assembly position.

[0074] The vertical linkage assembly consists of two sets arranged on the left and right. Figure 8~Figure 14As shown, the left vertical linkage assembly connects the left end of the rotating swing link 28 and the upper horizontal link 33, and the right vertical linkage assembly connects the right end of the rotating swing link 28 and the lower horizontal link 37. In one embodiment, the left vertical linkage assembly includes a vertically arranged upper vertical link 39, the upper end of the upper vertical link 39 is hingedly connected to the upper connecting member 34 of the upper horizontal link 33, and the lower end is hingedly connected to the left end of the rotating swing link 28, and the length of the upper vertical link is adjustable. Specifically, both ends of the upper vertical connecting rod 39 are provided with axial holes, and nuts 40 are fixed at the ends of the axial holes. The upper end of the upper vertical connecting rod 39 is hingedly connected to the horizontal guide rod 36 in the upper connecting member 34 through a ball joint 41. The ball head of the ball joint 41 is mounted on the horizontal guide rod 36 and can slide along the horizontal guide rod. The screw portion of the ball joint 39 is inserted into the axial hole of the upper vertical connecting rod 39 and is threadedly connected to the corresponding nut 40. The lower end of the upper vertical connecting rod 39 is also connected to the pin 29 fixed to the left end of the rotating rocker arm 28 through a ball joint. The ball head of the ball joint 41 is mounted on the pin 29 and is prevented from slipping and limited. The screw portion of the ball joint is inserted into the axial hole at the lower end of the upper connecting rod and is threadedly matched with the corresponding nut. When the length of the upper vertical connecting rod 39 needs to be adjusted, the upper vertical connecting rod 39 is rotated, and the nuts 40 at both ends are rotated to make the screw portion of the ball joint 41 screw in or out along the shaft hole, thereby adjusting the overall length of the upper vertical connecting rod.

[0075] The right vertical linkage assembly includes two vertical links arranged above and below, namely a transition vertical link 42 and a lower vertical link 45. The upper end of the transition vertical link 42 is hingedly connected to the right end of the rotating swing link 28, the lower end of the transition vertical link 42 is indirectly connected to the upper end of the lower vertical link 45 through a transition assembly, and the lower end of the lower vertical link 45 is hingedly connected to the lower connecting piece 38 on the lower horizontal link 37. In one embodiment, see Figure 8~Figure 14 The transition assembly includes a transition horizontal link 43 and a transition connector 44. The transition horizontal link 43 is horizontally arranged, and both ends thereof are rotatably mounted on the inner side of the door panel 25 through bearings. The transition connector 44 is protrudingly arranged on the transition horizontal link 43. The transition connector includes connecting ears that are fixed on the transition horizontal link and horizontal guide rods fixed between the connecting ears. The connecting ears protrude toward the inner side of the cabin body and obliquely downward at a certain angle so that the horizontal guide rod and the transition horizontal link 43 are not located on the same vertical plane. In the transition connector 44, three connecting ears are arranged, and the horizontal guide rod passes through the three connecting ears in turn and is fixed to the connecting ears. The horizontal guide rod between the two connecting ears on the right is longer to reserve a certain horizontal displacement gap.

[0076] The transition vertical link 42 is arranged vertically, and its upper end is hingedly connected to the pin 29 fixed to the right end of the rotating swing rod 28, and its lower end is hingedly connected to the right half of the horizontal guide rod of the transition connector 44. The length of the transition vertical link is adjustable, and its structure, connection method with the transition connector and the lower connector, and length adjustment method are the same as those of the upper vertical link, which will not be repeated here. The lower end of the transition vertical link can slide along the horizontal guide rod of the transition connector.

[0077] The upper end of the lower vertical connecting rod 45 is hinged to the left half of the horizontal guide rod of the transition connecting piece 44, and is limited between the two connecting ears on the left side. The lower end of the lower vertical connecting rod 45 is hinged to the lower connecting piece 38 and can slide horizontally along the horizontal guide rod of the lower connecting piece. The length of the lower vertical connecting rod is adjustable, and its structure, connection method with the transition connecting piece and the lower connecting piece, and length adjustment method are the same as those of the upper vertical connecting rod, which will not be repeated here.

[0078] Turning the inner door handle or the outer door handle drives the rotating swing arm to swing up and down, and synchronously pulls down or pushes up the upper and lower vertical connecting rods, thereby driving the upper and lower horizontal connecting rods to rotate synchronously, driving the lock hook to rotate synchronously in the direction of mirror symmetry, and synchronously engages or disengages the lock pin.

[0079] by Figure 8 Taking the position shown as an example, turn the door handle downward (both the inner and outer door handles are acceptable), the left end of the rotating swing rod 28 swings downward and the right end swings upward, driving the upper vertical connecting rod 39 to be pulled downward, the transition vertical connecting rod 42 and the lower vertical connecting rod 45 to be pulled upward. Since the upper connecting member 34 and the lower connecting member 38 both protrude from the corresponding horizontal connecting rods, when the upper connecting member is pulled downward and the lower connecting member is pulled upward, the upper horizontal connecting rod rotates clockwise and the lower horizontal connecting rod rotates counterclockwise, driving the upper and lower lock hooks to rotate inward and engage with the lock pin. In the engaged state, the lock hook and the lock pin are as shown in FIG. Fig.15 shown.

[0080] In the locked state, the door handle (either the inner or outer door handle) is turned upward, and the left end of the rotating swing rod 28 is swung upward and the right end is swung downward, driving the upper vertical connecting rod 39 to push upward, the transition vertical connecting rod 42 and the lower vertical connecting rod 45 to push downward, the upper horizontal connecting rod rotates counterclockwise, and the lower horizontal connecting rod rotates clockwise, driving the upper and lower lock hooks to rotate outward and disengage from the lock pin. A sealing ring is also provided between the door panel and the door frame, and the sealing ring can be an e-shaped sealing ring.

[0081] A hinge structure 46 for horizontal displacement of the door panel is also provided between the door panel and the door frame. When opening the door, the lock hook and the lock pin are disengaged by operating the door handle, the door panel is pushed outwards a certain distance, and then slides left and right under the effect of the hinge structure.

[0082] The test device of this application can truly simulate the airflow circulation in the cabin at high altitude:

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, the fresh air air conditioning unit 16 is intended to provide fresh air to the upper simulation cabin. Since 50% of the cabin ventilation of civil aircraft is fresh air from the outside, and 50% of the cabin gas is recycled, the required air volume in the upper simulation cabin is Q, then the fresh air intake volume is 0.5Q, and the exhaust volume is also 0.5Q.

[0084] The Q gas with adjusted temperature and pressure in the mixer 5 is introduced into the upper simulation cabin from the air ports on both sides of the top, flows from top to bottom and fills the entire upper simulation cabin, and then enters the space of the interlayer 4 from the side walls on both sides of the bottom. A part of the gas Q in the interlayer space is reused, and the reused gas is collected by a circulating fan 8 (variable frequency fan). The variable frequency fan divides the collected gas into two parts. One part of the gas enters the lower simulation cabin and circulates and then is discharged back to the interlayer space, and the other part is passed into the mixer as repeated circulation gas 0.5Q to mix with the fresh air. The airflow circulation in the lower simulation cabin is an independent circulation branch, and the flow rate is controlled by the lower cabin inlet and outlet air regulating valve. The circulating gas volume of the lower simulation cabin is the gas volume collected by the variable frequency fan minus the gas volume entering the mixer for repeated circulation. At the same time, the fresh air with adjusted temperature and humidity is naturally inhaled through the negative pressure in the cabin, or forced into the cabin by the fan. The fresh air flow is controlled to 0.5Q by adjusting the opening of the valve. The repeated circulating gas 0.5Q in the interlayer and the fresh air gas 0.5Q are introduced into the mixer 5 at a ratio of 1:1. After being evenly mixed in the mixer 5, they flow out through the upper branch pipe, and the formed Q gas is re-introduced into the upper simulation cabin for circulation. At the same time, the other part of the excess gas 0.5Q in the interlayer space is discharged through the exhaust port at the rear of the cabin body, so as to realize the gas flow in the simulation cabin and the interaction of the airflow in the upper and lower simulation cabins.

[0085] For example, taking the circulating gas volume of 0.25Q in the following simulated cabin as an example, the 0.25Q gas entering the lower cabin for circulation and the 0.5Q gas entering the mixing chamber for circulation are both powered by the variable frequency fan. The circulating air volume entering the variable frequency fan is the air volume entering the lower cabin for circulation (0.25Q) plus the air volume entering the mixer for circulation (0.5Q), that is, 0.75Q. The air volume 0.25Q entering the lower cabin for circulation is discharged back to the equipment cabin and then back to the mezzanine, and the air volume in the mezzanine remains stable.

[0086] A filter 7 is installed at the front end of the variable frequency fan so that the repeatedly circulated gas can be filtered and cleaned before being provided to the simulation cabin.

[0087] The excess gas 0.5Q is discharged naturally through the pressure difference of the low-pressure simulation cabin connected to the interlayer. The amount of discharged gas is controlled by adjusting the valve opening of the exhaust regulating valve. The low-pressure simulation cabin can simulate pressures from 15KPa to normal pressure, and can simulate the corresponding pressures of aircraft at different altitudes (0~15000 meters). The pressure control of the low-pressure simulation cabin is achieved by exhausting air with a variable frequency vacuum pump.

[0088] The structural design of the mixer ensures that the fresh air and the recycled gas are fully and evenly mixed. The airflow enters the mixer, first passes through the central through hole to converge, then is dispersed by the porous plate, and then converges at the central through hole. After repeated mixing, uniform gas is obtained.

[0089] The design pressure of the experimental simulation cabin (upper simulation cabin and lower simulation cabin) is 80KPa (absolute pressure) ~ normal pressure, the design pressure of the low-pressure simulation cabin is 10kPa (absolute pressure) ~ normal pressure, the pressure in the equipment cabin is consistent with the pressure in the interlayer, and the pressure in the upper and lower simulation cabins is consistent.

[0090] Part of the exhaust gas in the simulation cabin first passes through the low-pressure simulation cabin and is then discharged by the vacuum pump. Part of it enters the mixer in proportion with the fresh air input from the outside through the circulating fan, and is re-introduced into the upper simulation cabin after mixing. The air intake end uses an electric regulating valve to control the air intake flow rate, and the opening is adjusted according to the set gas flow rate. The flow feedback is measured by a thermal flow meter to form a single closed-loop control.

[0091] When controlling the cabin pressure, an electric regulating valve is used at the cabin exhaust end to control the exhaust flow, and the opening is adjusted according to the set pressure to form a single closed-loop control.

[0092] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0093] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating cabin airflow circulation at different altitudes of an aircraft, characterized in that: include: The test cabin is divided into an upper simulation cabin, a lower simulation cabin and an equipment cabin, and a sandwich is provided in the cabin wall, and the sandwich is connected to the equipment cabin; The interlayer has an air inlet and an air outlet and is connected to the upper simulation cabin through the air inlet; A mixer, located in the equipment cabin, having a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet and a mixed air outlet; An upper cabin air intake distribution pipe, whose air inlet is connected to the mixed air outlet and whose air outlet is distributed on the top of the upper simulation cabin; The filter and the circulating fan are arranged in the equipment cabin, the air inlet of the filter is connected to the equipment cabin, the air outlet of the filter is connected to the air inlet of the circulating fan through a pipeline, the air outlet of the circulating fan is connected to the return air inlet of the mixer through a return air duct and to the lower simulation cabin through a first circulating air duct, and the lower simulation cabin is connected to the equipment cabin through a second circulating air duct, so that part of the return air from the interlayer is sent to the lower simulation cabin for internal circulation, and part of the return air is sent to the mixer; A low-pressure simulation cabin and a vacuum pump, wherein the air inlet of the low-pressure simulation cabin is connected to the air outlet of the interlayer through a first exhaust pipe, and the air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the vacuum pump through a second exhaust pipe; A fresh air air conditioning unit is connected to the fresh air inlet of the mixer through a fresh air inlet pipe; A hatch assembly is provided in the upper simulation cabin and is used to close or open the test cabin; the hatch assembly includes a door panel and a door frame, the door frame is provided in the upper simulation cabin, the door panel is an arc-shaped structure in the longitudinal direction, a lock hook is provided at the edge of the door panel, and a lock pin is provided on the corresponding door frame, a rotatable driving member is provided in the middle of the door panel, a linkage assembly is provided between the driving member and the lock hook, and the linkage assembly includes a horizontal linkage assembly and a vertical linkage assembly, the horizontal linkage assembly is two sets arranged up and down, and each set is movable Each comprises a horizontal connecting rod and a connecting member protruding from the horizontal connecting rod, the locking hooks are arranged at two ends of the horizontal connecting rod, the vertical linkage assembly is two sets arranged on the left and right, each set comprises at least one vertical connecting rod, one of the vertical connecting rods is hinged to the driving member, one of the vertical connecting rods is hinged to the connecting member and can slide in the horizontal direction, the length of the vertical connecting rod is adjustable, and when the driving member is manipulated to rotate, the locking hook is driven by the linkage assembly to cooperate with the locking pin to achieve locking or unlocking; Both ends of the vertical connecting rod have axial holes and a nut is fixedly installed at the end of the axial hole; the vertical connecting rod is hingedly connected to the driving member and the corresponding connecting member through a ball joint, the ball head part of the ball joint is hingedly connected to the driving member or the corresponding connecting member, and the screw part is passed through the axial hole and cooperates with the corresponding nut thread.

2. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixer includes a shell, and the shell is divided into an air intake chamber, a first mixing chamber, a second mixing chamber, a third mixing chamber and a fourth mixing chamber which are distributed in sequence from bottom to top and connected up and down by baffles fixed to the inner wall of the shell. The air intake chamber is divided into a first air intake chamber and a second air intake chamber by a vertical partition fixed to the bottom of the shell. The side wall of the first air intake chamber is provided with the fresh air inlet, the side wall of the second air intake chamber is provided with the return air inlet, and the top of the fourth mixing chamber is provided with the mixed air outlet; the baffles are, from bottom to top, a first baffle, a second baffle, a third baffle and a fourth baffle, and the first baffle and the third baffle protrude upward relative to the horizontal plane and have gas through holes at their centers; the second baffle and the fourth baffle are horizontally arranged and are porous plates.

3. The experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first baffle plate and the second baffle plate have an annular inclined side wall; the angle between the inclined side wall and the horizontal plane is 15-30 degrees.

4. The experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical partition is located on the central axis of the gas through hole of the first baffle, and the top of the vertical partition is spaced 0 to 15 cm from the gas through hole of the first baffle; the volume ratio of the first mixing chamber, the second mixing chamber, the third mixing chamber and the fourth mixing chamber is 1:1:1:1; the volume ratio of the first air inlet chamber and the second air inlet chamber in the air inlet chamber is 1:

1.

5. The experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper cabin air intake distribution pipe comprises: Two air intake main pipes are respectively located in the interlayer on opposite sides of the cabin wall, and a pair of mixed air outlets are symmetrically arranged on the top of the fourth mixing chamber, which are respectively connected to the air inlets of the corresponding air intake main pipes; A plurality of air intake branch pipes are connected with the air intake main pipe and extend upward along the cabin wall to the top of the upper simulation cabin.

6. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first circulating air duct is provided with a lower cabin air inlet regulating valve and a flow meter; the second circulating air duct is provided with a lower cabin air outlet regulating valve; The air outlet of the circulation fan is connected to the return air duct and the first circulation air duct respectively through a three-way pipe; A flow meter is installed on the main pipe connecting the circulation fan outlet and the tee pipe; An exhaust regulating valve is arranged on the first exhaust duct; a switch valve is arranged on the second exhaust duct; a fresh air intake regulating valve and a flow meter are arranged on the pipeline connecting the fresh air air conditioning unit and the mixer.

7. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower simulation cabin and the equipment cabin are located in parallel below the upper simulation cabin, and the equipment cabin and the mezzanine are an integrated communicating structure.

8. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical linkage assembly on the right side includes a transition vertical link, a lower vertical link and a transition horizontal link that transitionally connects the two. The transition horizontal link is horizontally arranged and has a transition connecting piece protruding from the horizontal link; the upper end of the transition vertical link is hinged to the driving piece, and the lower end is hinged to the transition connecting piece and can slide horizontally along the transition connecting piece; the upper end of the lower vertical link is hinged to the transition connecting piece and is limited in the horizontal direction of the transition connecting piece, and the lower end is hinged to the connecting piece of the corresponding horizontal connecting rod.

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