Cross-medium vehicle ice-breaking test device and test method

Abstract

The application discloses a cross-medium vehicle ice-breaking test device and a test method. The test device comprises a water tank, a transparent observation window is arranged on the side of the water tank, an ice clamping mechanism is arranged in the water tank, a movement assembly comprises a first sliding rail, a second sliding rail, a third sliding rail and a clamping piece, the first sliding rail is arranged in the water tank and extends along the x direction, the second sliding rail is connected with the sliding block of the first sliding rail and extends along the y direction, the third sliding rail is connected with the sliding block of the second sliding rail and extends along the z direction, and the clamping piece is arranged on the sliding block of the third sliding rail, and a detection assembly comprises a load sensor and a camera, the load sensor is arranged on the clamping piece, and the camera is arranged beside the water tank and records through the observation window. The ice clamping mechanism can fix the ice blocks used for the test in the water tank, and the ice layer structure can be simulated. The driving mode of the movement assembly can be adjusted, the vehicle can be driven to impact the ice blocks in different directions, and different test requirements can be met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ice breaking of trans-medium vehicles, and in particular to an ice breaking test device and a test method for trans-medium vehicles. BACKGROUND

[0002] With global warming, potential mineral and energy resources in the polar region are being released from long-term ice-sealed ice layers, and how to overcome the harsh environment in the polar region to carry out resource exploitation has become a technical problem to be solved. Among them, polar shipping and development are deeply dependent on the development of polar equipment, and the independent research and development capability of polar equipment is highly valued. Ice breaking of trans-medium vehicles is a typical fluid-structure interaction problem in ocean engineering, and how to achieve efficient ice breaking of trans-medium vehicles is the key to improving the efficiency of polar resource exploitation.

[0003] At present, experimental means is the most direct research means to explore ice breaking load. However, the current ice breaking test device mainly faces the research on the physical properties of ice, and the test device with the functions of ice breaking of slender body out of water and ice breaking of slender body impact has not been put into the market. The existing ice breaking load test device has a single function and cannot meet the needs of trans-medium, multi-directional and different conditions of vehicle ice breaking load measurement test; at the same time, for the research on the ice surface crack properties after the ice breaking of the vehicle, there is no test device with such function. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application provides a trans-medium vehicle ice breaking test device, which can simulate the process of ice breaking of a vehicle out of water or into water, and further study the ice surface crack after ice breaking.

[0005] The present application also provides a test method using the above trans-medium vehicle ice breaking test device.

[0006] The trans-medium vehicle ice breaking test device according to the first aspect of the present application comprises:

[0007] a water tank, the water tank being provided with a transparent observation window on the side surface;

[0008] an ice clamping mechanism, the ice clamping mechanism being used for clamping an ice block, and the ice clamping mechanism being installed in the water tank;

[0009] a movement assembly, the movement assembly comprising a first sliding rail, a second sliding rail, a third sliding rail and a clamping piece, the first sliding rail being installed in the water tank and extending along an x direction, the second sliding rail being connected with a sliding block of the first sliding rail and extending along a y direction, the third sliding rail being connected with a sliding block of the second sliding rail and extending along a z direction, and the clamping piece being installed on a sliding block of the third sliding rail and being used for installing a vehicle;

[0010] a detection assembly comprising a load sensor mounted to the clamp and a camera arranged beside the water tank and recording the ice-breaking process of the vehicle through the observation window.

[0011] The ice-breaking test device for the cross-medium vehicle has at least the following beneficial effects: the ice block for test can be fixed in the water tank by the ice clamping mechanism to simulate the real ice layer structure; and the vehicle can be driven to impact the ice block in different directions by adjusting the driving mode of the motion assembly, thereby meeting different test requirements.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the ice-breaking test device for the cross-medium vehicle further comprises a receiving plate mounted inside the water tank for bearing the ice clamping mechanism.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the ice-breaking test device for the cross-medium vehicle further comprises a plurality of guide rails arranged inside the water tank along the z direction, and the receiving plate is in sliding connection with each of the guide rails.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the ice clamping mechanism comprises an upper plate, an ice clamping middle plate, a lower plate and an elastic member, the upper plate, the ice clamping middle plate and the lower plate are all in frame structure, the upper plate and the lower plate are fixedly connected and have a space therebetween, and the ice clamping middle plate is arranged in the space; one end of the elastic member is connected to the ice clamping middle plate and the other end is connected to the upper plate, the elastic member drives the ice clamping middle plate to move towards the lower plate, or one end of the elastic member is connected to the ice clamping middle plate and the other end is connected to the lower plate, the elastic member drives the ice clamping middle plate to move towards the upper plate.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, one end of the elastic member is connected to the ice clamping middle plate and the other end is connected to the upper plate, the upper plate is provided with a threaded hole, a jack screw is arranged in the threaded hole, the end of the jack screw abuts against the elastic member, and screwing the jack screw can change the pressure applied by the elastic member to the ice clamping middle plate.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, one end of the elastic member is connected to the ice clamping middle plate and the other end is connected to the lower plate, the lower plate is provided with a threaded hole, a jack screw is arranged in the threaded hole, the end of the jack screw abuts against the elastic member, and screwing the jack screw can change the pressure applied by the elastic member to the ice clamping middle plate.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the upper plate is provided with a lifting ring for hoisting.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first slide rail, the second slide rail and the third slide rail are each provided with a motor, a belt pulley, a belt and a sliding block, the belt is wound around the belt pulley, the sliding block is fixedly connected with the belt, and the motor drives the belt pulley to rotate to drive the sliding block to move through the belt.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, a roller is installed at the bottom of the water tank to facilitate movement.

[0020] According to the test method of the second aspect of the present application, the ice breaking test device for the cross-medium vehicle is used, and the test method comprises the following steps:

[0021] The ice blocks for the test are taken out and fixed in the ice clamping mechanism;

[0022] The ice clamping mechanism is installed in the water tank;

[0023] Water is injected into the water tank until the water surface contacts the ice blocks in the ice clamping mechanism;

[0024] The vehicle is fixed on the clamping member;

[0025] The movement assembly is started, and the test is performed in a horizontal ice breaking mode, a water-out ice breaking mode or a water-in ice breaking mode, wherein:

[0026] The horizontal ice breaking mode comprises the following steps:

[0027] The third slide rail is controlled to locate the vehicle on the water surface;

[0028] The first slide rail or the second slide rail is controlled to make the vehicle horizontally impact the ice blocks;

[0029] The water-out ice breaking mode comprises the following steps:

[0030] The third slide rail is controlled to locate the vehicle below the water surface;

[0031] The third slide rail is controlled to lift the vehicle, so that the vehicle impacts the ice blocks from below to above and jumps out of the water surface;

[0032] The water-in ice breaking mode comprises the following steps:

[0033] The third slide rail is controlled to locate the vehicle above the water surface;

[0034] The third slide rail is controlled to lower the vehicle, so that the vehicle impacts the ice blocks from above to below and sinks into the water;

[0035] The load change readings detected by the load sensor and the image data taken by the camera are recorded and analyzed.

[0036] According to the test method of the embodiment of the present application, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: by controlling the first slide rail, the second slide rail and the third slide rail, the sailing body can be driven to impact the ice block in different directions, so that three test conditions of horizontal ice breaking, vertical water breaking and vertical water entering breaking can be achieved, and the universality is higher.

[0037] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned by practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0039] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the cross-medium sailing body ice breaking test device according to the first aspect of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the internal structure of the water tank 100 in the cross-medium sailing body ice breaking test device according to the first aspect of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the arrangement of the ice clamping mechanism 200 and the movement assembly 300 in the cross-medium sailing body ice breaking test device according to the first aspect of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional view of the movement assembly 300 in the cross-medium sailing body ice breaking test device according to the first aspect of the present application;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional view of the ice clamping mechanism 200 in the cross-medium sailing body ice breaking test device according to the first aspect of the present application;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the installation of the ice clamping mechanism 200 in the test method according to the second aspect of the present application;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the horizontal ice breaking mode in the test method according to the second aspect of the present application;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a schematic view of the water breaking mode in the test method according to the second aspect of the present application;

[0047] Figure 9 It is a schematic view of the water entering breaking mode in the test method according to the second aspect of the present application.

[0048] Reference signs: 100 - water tank, 110 - observation window, 120 - roller, 130 - water inlet, 140 - water outlet, 200 - ice clamping mechanism, 210 - upper plate, 211 - hanging ring, 220 - middle plate of ice clamping, 230 - lower plate, 240 - elastic member, 250 - jackscrew 300 - movement assembly, 310 - first slide rail, 320 - second slide rail, 330 - third slide rail, 340 - clamping member, 410 - load sensor, 420 - camera, 430 - illuminating lamp, 500 - receiving plate, 600 - guide rail, 700 - navigation body, 800 - crane, 900 - ice making cabinet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0050] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0051] In the description of the present application, if the meaning of several is more than one, the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, above, below, etc. are understood as including the number. If it is described as first, second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of technical features indicated.

[0052] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, mounting, connecting, etc. should be broadly understood, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0053] In the description of the application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0054] With global warming, the potential mineral and energy resources in the polar region are released from the long-term ice-sealed ice layer. How to overcome the harsh environment in the polar region to carry out resource exploitation has become a technical problem to be solved. Among them, the development of polar shipping and development is deeply dependent on the development of polar equipment, and the independent research and development capability of polar equipment is highly valued. Ice breaking of cross-medium navigation body is a typical fluid-structure coupling problem in ocean engineering. How to realize efficient ice breaking of cross-medium navigation body is the key to improve the efficiency of polar resource exploitation.

[0055] At present, experimental means is the most direct research means to explore ice breaking load. However, the present ice breaking test device mainly faces the research on the physical properties of ice, and the test device with the functions of ice breaking of slender body out of water and ice breaking of slender body impact has not been put into the market. The existing ice breaking load test device has single function and purpose, and cannot meet the test requirements of ice breaking load of cross-medium, multi-direction and different conditions of navigation body. At the same time, for the research on the ice surface crack properties after ice breaking of navigation body, there is no test device with such function.

[0056] In view of this, the application provides a cross-medium navigation body ice breaking test device, which can fix the ice blocks for test in the water tank 100 through the ice clamping mechanism 200, so as to simulate the real ice layer structure; by adjusting the driving mode of the motion assembly 300, the navigation body 700 can be driven to impact the ice blocks in different directions, so as to meet different test requirements.

[0057] In addition, the application also provides a test method, which can drive the navigation body 700 to impact the ice blocks in different directions by controlling the first slide rail 310, the second slide rail 320 and the third slide rail 330, so as to complete three test conditions of horizontal ice breaking, vertical ice breaking out of water and vertical ice breaking into water, thereby having higher universality.

[0058] Reference Figure 1The ice breaking test device for the cross-medium vehicle in the first aspect of the present application comprises a water tank 100, an ice clamping mechanism 200, a movement assembly 300 and a detection assembly. The water tank 100 is used to load water, and the ice breaking test is performed in the water tank 100. The ice clamping mechanism 200 is used to clamp and fix the ice block in the water tank 100. The movement assembly 300 is used to drive the vehicle 700 to move and make it collide with the ice block. The detection assembly is used to detect the load change when the vehicle 700 collides with the ice block and record the ice block breaking condition.

[0059] Specifically, a transparent observation window 110 is arranged on the side of the water tank 100, which is used to display the test condition in the water tank 100. The ice clamping mechanism 200 is installed in the water tank 100 to clamp the ice block.

[0060] Referring to Figure 4 The movement assembly 300 comprises a first slide rail 310, a second slide rail 320, a third slide rail 330 and a clamping piece 340. The first slide rail 310 is installed in the water tank 100 and extends along the x direction. The second slide rail 320 is connected with the slide block of the first slide rail 310 and extends along the y direction. The third slide rail 330 is connected with the slide block of the second slide rail 320 and extends along the z direction, so that the three slide rails together constitute a three-dimensional movement mechanism. The clamping piece 340 is installed on the slide block of the third slide rail 330 and is used to install the vehicle 700.

[0061] The detection assembly comprises a load sensor 410 and a camera 420. The load sensor 410 is installed on the clamping piece 340 (referring to Figure 7 ). The camera 420 is arranged beside the water tank 100 and records the ice breaking process of the vehicle 700 through the observation window 110. In order to make the image clearer, an illuminating lamp 430 can also be arranged to assist in lighting.

[0062] Further, referring to Figure 2 The ice breaking test device for the cross-medium vehicle further comprises a receiving plate 500, which is installed in the water tank 100 and extends to the inside of the water tank 100 to support the ice clamping mechanism 200.

[0063] Optionally, the ice breaking test device for the cross-medium vehicle further comprises guide rails 600, the number of which is multiple and which are arranged in the water tank 100 along the z direction. Referring to Figure 3 The receiving plate 500 is slidably connected with each guide rail 600, so that the height of the ice clamping mechanism 200 in the water tank 100 can be adjusted by sliding the receiving plate 500.

[0064] For the ice clamping mechanism 200, specifically, referring to Figure 5The ice clamping mechanism 200 comprises an upper plate 210, an ice clamping middle plate 220, a lower plate 230 and an elastic member 240. The upper plate 210, the ice clamping middle plate 220 and the lower plate 230 are all frame-shaped structures, so that the ice clamping middle plate 220 and the lower plate 230 can clamp the ice block while leaving a space in the middle of the ice block for ice breaking test. The upper plate 210 and the lower plate 230 are fixedly connected and have a space therebetween, and the ice clamping middle plate 220 is arranged in the space. In some embodiments, the two ends of the elastic member 240 are connected to the ice clamping middle plate 220 and the upper plate 210 respectively, and the elastic member 240 drives the ice clamping middle plate 220 to move towards the lower plate 230, and the ice clamping middle plate 220 and the lower plate 230 form a clamping of the ice block. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the two ends of the elastic member 240 are connected to the ice clamping middle plate 220 and the lower plate 230 respectively, and the elastic member 240 drives the ice clamping middle plate 220 to move towards the upper plate 210, and the ice clamping middle plate 220 and the upper plate 210 form a clamping of the ice block.

[0065] Further, for the embodiment in which the two ends of the elastic member 240 are connected to the ice clamping middle plate 220 and the upper plate 210 respectively, the upper plate 210 is further provided with a threaded hole, and a jackscrew 250 is arranged in the threaded hole, and the end of the jackscrew 250 abuts against the elastic member 240. By rotating the jackscrew 250, the position of the jackscrew 250 in the threaded hole can be changed, thereby compressing or releasing the elastic member 240, changing the pressure of the elastic member 240 applied to the ice clamping middle plate 220, and thereby changing the clamping force of the ice block.

[0066] For the embodiment in which the two ends of the elastic member 240 are connected to the ice clamping middle plate 220 and the lower plate 230 respectively, the lower plate 230 is further provided with a threaded hole, and a jackscrew 250 is arranged in the threaded hole, and the end of the jackscrew 250 abuts against the elastic member 240. By rotating the jackscrew 250, the position of the jackscrew 250 in the threaded hole can be changed, thereby compressing or releasing the elastic member 240, changing the pressure of the elastic member 240 applied to the ice clamping middle plate 220, and thereby changing the clamping force of the ice block.

[0067] Further, the upper plate 210 is provided with a lifting ring 211 for hoisting.

[0068] For the motion assembly, specifically, the first slide rail 310, the second slide rail 320 and the third slide rail 330 are all provided with a motor, a belt pulley, a belt and a sliding block, the belt is wound around the belt pulley, the sliding block is fixedly connected with the belt, and the motor drives the belt pulley to rotate to drive the sliding block to move through the belt.

[0069] Further, the water tank 100 is provided at the bottom with a roller 120 for easy movement. The water tank 100 is provided with a water inlet 130 and a water outlet 140, wherein the water inlet 130 is located at the bottom of the water tank 100, and the water outlet 140 is located at one side of the water tank 100. When the water level is too high, the water can overflow from the water outlet 140, thereby controlling the highest water level.

[0070] The test method in the second aspect of the present application is based on the icebreaking test device for cross-medium vehicle, and comprises the following steps:

[0071] S100. Refer to Figure 6 Ice cubes are prepared by using the ice-making cabinet 900, and the ice cubes for testing are taken out and fixed in the ice clamping mechanism 200;

[0072] S200. The ice clamping mechanism 200 is installed in the water tank 100, and the ice clamping mechanism 200 can be hoisted by using the crane 800;

[0073] S300. Water is injected into the water tank 100 until the water surface contacts the ice cubes in the ice clamping mechanism 200;

[0074] S400. The vehicle 700 is fixed to the clamping piece 340;

[0075] S500. The motion assembly is started, and the test is performed in the horizontal icebreaking mode, the water-out icebreaking mode or the water-in icebreaking mode, wherein:

[0076] The horizontal icebreaking mode comprises the following steps:

[0077] S511. Refer to Figure 7 The third slide rail 330 is controlled, and the vehicle 700 is located on the water surface;

[0078] S512. The first slide rail 310 or the second slide rail 320 is controlled, and the vehicle 700 horizontally collides with the ice cubes;

[0079] The water-out icebreaking mode comprises the following steps:

[0080] S521. Refer to Figure 8 The third slide rail 330 is controlled, and the vehicle 700 is located below the water surface;

[0081] S522. The third slide rail 330 is controlled to lift the vehicle 700, so that the vehicle 700 collides with the ice cubes from bottom to top and jumps out of the water surface;

[0082] The water-in icebreaking mode comprises the following steps:

[0083] S531. Refer to Figure 9 The third slide rail 330 is controlled, and the vehicle 700 is located above the water surface;

[0084] S532. The third slide rail 330 is controlled to lower the vehicle 700, so that the vehicle 700 collides with the ice cubes from top to bottom and sinks into the water;

[0085] S600. The load change readings detected by the load sensor 410 and the image data taken by the camera 420 are recorded and analyzed.

[0086] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. An icebreaking test device for a cross-media vehicle, characterized by The device comprises: a water tank with a transparent observation window on the side surface; an ice clamping mechanism for clamping ice blocks, which is installed inside the water tank; a movement assembly comprising a first sliding rail, a second sliding rail, a third sliding rail and a clamping piece, wherein the first sliding rail is installed in the water tank and extends along the x direction, the second sliding rail is connected with the sliding block of the first sliding rail and extends along the y direction, the third sliding rail is connected with the sliding block of the second sliding rail and extends along the z direction, and the clamping piece is installed on the sliding block of the third sliding rail and is used for installing a navigation body; a detection assembly comprising a load sensor and a camera, wherein the load sensor is installed on the clamping piece, and the camera is arranged beside the water tank and records the ice breaking process of the navigation body through the observation window; wherein the device further comprises a receiving plate installed inside the water tank for bearing the ice clamping mechanism; the device further comprises a plurality of guide rails arranged in the water tank along the z direction, and the receiving plate is in sliding connection with each guide rail; the ice clamping mechanism comprises an upper plate, an ice clamping middle plate, a lower plate and an elastic piece, wherein the upper plate, the ice clamping middle plate and the lower plate are all frame-shaped structures, the upper plate and the lower plate are fixedly connected and have a space therebetween, and the ice clamping middle plate is arranged in the space; one end of the elastic piece is connected to the ice clamping middle plate and the other end is connected to the upper plate, so that the elastic piece drives the ice clamping middle plate to move towards the lower plate, or one end of the elastic piece is connected to the ice clamping middle plate and the other end is connected to the lower plate, so that the elastic piece drives the ice clamping middle plate to move towards the upper plate.

2. The cross-media vehicle icebreaking test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: one end of the elastic piece is connected to the ice clamping middle plate and the other end is connected to the upper plate, the upper plate is provided with a threaded hole, a jackscrew is arranged in the threaded hole, the end of the jackscrew abuts against the elastic piece, and rotating the jackscrew can change the pressure applied by the elastic piece to the ice clamping middle plate.

3. The cross-media vehicle icebreaking test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: one end of the elastic piece is connected to the ice clamping middle plate and the other end is connected to the lower plate, the lower plate is provided with a threaded hole, a jackscrew is arranged in the threaded hole, the end of the jackscrew abuts against the elastic piece, and rotating the jackscrew can change the pressure applied by the elastic piece to the ice clamping middle plate.

4. The cross-media vehicle icebreaking test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the upper plate is provided with a lifting ring for hoisting.

5. The cross-media vehicle icebreaking test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the first sliding rail, the second sliding rail and the third sliding rail are all provided with a motor, a belt pulley, a belt and a sliding block, the belt is wound around the belt pulley, the sliding block is fixedly connected with the belt, and the motor drives the belt pulley to rotate so as to drive the sliding block to move through the belt.

6. The cross-media vehicle icebreaking test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the water tank is provided with a roller at the bottom for moving.

7. A test method based on the cross-media vehicle icebreaking test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The device comprises: taking out ice blocks for test and fixing them in the ice clamping mechanism; installing the ice clamping mechanism in the water tank; injecting water into the water tank until the water surface contacts the ice blocks in the ice clamping mechanism; fixing a navigation body on the clamping piece; starting the movement assembly and selecting a horizontal ice breaking mode, a water surface ice breaking mode or a water surface ice breaking mode for test, wherein: the horizontal ice breaking mode comprises the following steps: controlling the third slide rail and locating the vehicle above the water surface; controlling the first slide rail or the second slide rail to make the vehicle horizontally impact the ice block; the water-exit ice-breaking mode comprises the following steps: controlling the third slide rail and locating the vehicle below the water surface; controlling the third slide rail to lift the vehicle so that the vehicle impacts the ice block from bottom to top and jumps out of the water surface; the water-entry ice-breaking mode comprises the following steps: controlling the third slide rail and locating the vehicle above the water surface; controlling the third slide rail to lower the vehicle so that the vehicle impacts the ice block from top to bottom and sinks into the water; recording and analyzing the load change readings detected by the load sensor and the image data taken by the camera.

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