A method and device for predicting ecosystem evapotranspiration based on a stomatal conductance model

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and device for predicting ecosystem evapotranspiration based on a stomatal conductance model, including a data processing host, a remote sensing data acquisition component, and a ground data acquisition component. The ground data acquisition component is used to collect meteorological data and soil moisture of the mountain vegetation canopy. The device obtains remote sensing images through the remote sensing data acquisition component, and performs multi-point collection on the vegetation in the mountain area by setting multiple ground data acquisition components. The meteorological data is collected by dividing the area according to meteorological differences. Through the unmanned aerial vehicle to release the balloon component and the dropping and fixing component, the meteorological data can be collected at multiple points. The dropping and fixing component can not only provide the dropping and fixing of the meteorological balloon, but also be provided with a firing type soil sensor for collecting soil moisture information. The ground data acquisition component reduces the dropping difficulty, can achieve multi-point dropping, and improves the prediction accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of vegetation ecological research, and particularly relates to a method and device for predicting ecosystem evapotranspiration based on a stomatal conductance model. Background Art

[0002] In the context of ecological environment protection, accurately estimating and predicting vegetation evapotranspiration is of great significance for understanding the water cycle, energy conversion, and regional water resource management. The PML model is an evapotranspiration estimation model based on remote sensing technology. It originated from the classical Penman-Monteith equation and introduced parameters such as soil moisture index and leaf area index (LAI) on this basis to improve the accuracy and applicability of the model. This model optimizes parameters such as stomatal conductance and soil moisture index in the model by combining field-measured meteorological and evapotranspiration data and using the least squares method.

[0003] The evapotranspiration characteristics of different research regions and vegetation types may vary. Therefore, when applying the PML model for evapotranspiration inversion, it is necessary to appropriately adjust and optimize the model parameters according to specific circumstances. The optimization process depends on the measured values of various meteorological data. For mountainous areas, due to the large differences in climate caused by different airflows, temperature and humidity, and solar angles, the collection of meteorological data cannot be represented by a certain point. It is necessary to collect data separately after zoning. The collection of meteorological data needs to be carried out above the vegetation canopy, while the collection of soil moisture needs to be carried out on the ground. Due to poor road conditions in mountainous areas, it is difficult to set up enough detection points to obtain sufficiently accurate meteorological data, resulting in inaccurate prediction effects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for predicting ecosystem evapotranspiration based on a stomatal conductance model to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for predicting ecosystem evapotranspiration based on a stomatal conductance model includes a data processing host, a remote sensing data acquisition component, and a ground data acquisition component. The ground data acquisition component is used to collect meteorological data and soil moisture of the mountainous area vegetation canopy. The remote sensing data acquisition component is used to collect vegetation remote sensing data of the mountainous area. The data processing host is used to predict ecosystem evapotranspiration based on meteorological data, remote sensing data, stomatal conductance, and soil moisture and using the PML model. The stomatal conductance is obtained by inversion based on meteorological data and remote sensing data. Among them, the ground data acquisition component includes

[0007] A delivery component that delivers various sensors to the mountainous area through a drone, including the drone and a dispenser;

[0008] A balloon assembly, which includes a meteorological balloon, a meteorological acquisition component, and a photovoltaic panel, is used to collect meteorological data of the vegetation canopy and provide electricity;

[0009] A landing component, which is used to land the meteorological balloon through a heavy object and detect soil humidity through a soil sensor. A sleeve is rotatably arranged on the surface of the heavy object, and parallel cables and connecting ropes are wound around the surface of the sleeve. An elastic component for inserting the probe of the soil sensor into the soil is arranged inside the sleeve, and the elastic component is in an energy storage state due to being wound by the cables and connecting ropes.

[0010] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the elastic component includes a slider slidably arranged inside the sleeve and a spring. The slider is rotatably connected to the soil sensor. Through grooves are arranged on the surface of the sleeve, and covers are arranged inside the through grooves. Each cover is hinged to the slider through at least two connecting rods. The cover is wound by the cables and connecting ropes and pushes the slider to compress the spring through the connecting rods. This elastic component is used to push out the soil sensor through the spring when the cables or connecting ropes completely leave the sleeve, so as to facilitate the probe to enter the soil to obtain soil humidity information.

[0011] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the launcher is connected to the heavy object through a first suspension rope and to the meteorological balloon through a second suspension rope. In order to launch the meteorological balloon and the landing component, sequential launches can be achieved through the launcher.

[0012] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the launcher includes a motor, a ring with an open lower end, and spokes arranged at the end of the output shaft of the motor. The spokes and the inner wall of the ring form a fan-shaped area that is nested with the links arranged at the ends of the first suspension rope and the second suspension rope. When the spokes rotate to the opening of the ring, the links fall off. This solution proposes a specific launcher. By rotating the spokes to the notch of the ring to release the corresponding suspension rope, the landing component and the balloon assembly can share a set of launchers to achieve the purpose of sequential release.

[0013] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the heavy object is in the shape of a cobblestone. In order to prevent the heavy object from being stuck by branches during falling and keep the sleeve facing up after landing, that is, to make the probe of the soil sensor face down, the heavy object is set in this shape. And in order to prevent the heavy object from falling too fast and causing an impact, damping rotation can be set between the sleeve and the heavy object. During the falling process, the sleeve slowly rotates to release the cables and connecting ropes wound around its surface, so the falling process can be delayed.

[0014] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the weather balloon is filled with helium through a high-pressure gas cylinder. After the weather balloon is inflated, its volume is relatively large, which affects the flight of the drone. Therefore, it can be inflated after flying to the destination. The high-pressure gas cylinder is used to inflate the weather balloon. The high-pressure gas cylinder can be controlled by a valve and can be set on the drone or directly on the weather balloon for single use.

[0015] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a connection block is provided at the bottom of the weather balloon. The connection block is directly fixed to the cable. A single-pass groove is provided inside the connection block. The connection rope passes through the single-pass groove. A rope-receiving component is also provided below the drone, which is used to pull the connection rope through the single-pass groove so that the connection rope is tightened between the connection block and the weight block. Since the weather balloon is fixed by the gravity of the weight block, but if the weather balloon floats too high, it will be blown by the wind and swing severely. Therefore, after the weight block lands, the excess connection rope is tightened to lower the height of the weather balloon to be level with the tree canopy layer, and the tree canopy is used for lateral fixation to effectively reduce the influence of the wind.

[0016] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the rope-receiving component includes a driving motor, a threaded shaft driven by the driving motor, and a driven shaft that jointly clamps the connection rope with the threaded shaft. Among them, the thread of the threaded shaft is used to move the connection rope axially by forward and reverse rotation, so as to reverse the rotation after the pulling is completed and discard the connection rope. By setting the driving motor to pull the connection rope, the connection rope slides in the single-pass groove. When the weather balloon descends to an appropriate height, the threaded shaft is reversed to disconnect the drone from the connection rope, so that the drone can leave.

[0017] In order to apply the above device, the present invention also proposes a method for predicting the evapotranspiration of an ecosystem based on the stomatal conductance model of the above-mentioned device, including the following steps:

[0018] S1: Divide the mountainous area into several regions according to local meteorological differences;

[0019] S2: Obtain the meteorological data and soil humidity of each region in the mountainous area through the ground data acquisition component. The balloon component and the landing component are put into each region through the delivery component, so that the balloon component carries the meteorological acquisition component to detect the meteorological data of the vegetation canopy layer and obtain electricity, while the landing component fixes the balloon component by gravity and inserts the soil sensor into the soil;

[0020] S3: Obtain the stomatal conductance by inversion of meteorological data and remote sensing data, and predict the evapotranspiration data of the ecosystem based on meteorological data, remote sensing data, stomatal conductance, and soil humidity using the PML model;

[0021] S4: Summarize the evapotranspiration data of the regional vegetation to obtain the evapotranspiration data of the mountainous area vegetation.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] The present invention obtains remote sensing images through a remote sensing data acquisition component, and sets multiple ground data acquisition components to collect vegetation in mountainous areas at multiple points, divides regions according to meteorological differences to collect meteorological data. By using a drone to drop a balloon component and a landing component, meteorological data can be collected at multiple points. The landing component can not only provide a falling and fixing meteorological balloon, but also be provided with a percussion-type soil sensor for collecting soil humidity information. The ground data acquisition component reduces the dropping difficulty, can achieve multi-point dropping, and improves the prediction accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is the front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is the side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is the Figure 1 enlarged view of part A structure in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is the Figure 2 enlarged view of part B structure in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is the Figure 4 view in the direction of C-C in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the landing component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is the Figure 6 enlarged view of part D structure in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram after the balloon component and the landing component of the present invention are dropped;

[0032] In the figure: 1. Dropping component; 11. Drone; 12. Dropper; 13. First suspension rope; 14. Second suspension rope; 2. Balloon component; 21. Meteorological balloon; 22. Photovoltaic panel; 23. Meteorological acquisition component; 24. Connecting block; 25. Single-pass groove; 3. Landing component; 31. Heavy object block; 32. Sleeve; 33. Soil sensor; 34. Slide block; 35. Spring; 36. Cover plate; 37. Connecting rod; 38. Cable; 39. Connecting rope; 4. Rope-receiving component; 41. Driving motor; 42. Threaded shaft; 43. Driven shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0033] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] As Figure 1-7 shown, a device for predicting ecosystem evapotranspiration based on a stomatal conductance model includes a data processing host, a remote sensing data acquisition component, and a ground data acquisition component. The ground data acquisition component is used to collect meteorological data and soil humidity of the mountain vegetation canopy. The remote sensing data acquisition component is used to collect vegetation remote sensing data of the mountain area. The data processing host is used to predict ecosystem evapotranspiration based on meteorological data, remote sensing data, stomatal conductance, and soil humidity using the PML model. The stomatal conductance is obtained by inversion based on meteorological data and remote sensing data. Among them, the ground data acquisition component includes

[0036] Delivery component 1, which delivers various sensors to the mountain area through the drone 11, including the drone 11 and the dispenser 12;

[0037] Balloon component 2, which includes a meteorological balloon 21, a meteorological acquisition component 23, and a photovoltaic panel 22, and is used to collect meteorological data of the vegetation canopy and provide electricity;

[0038] Dropping and fixing component 3, which is used to drop and fix the meteorological balloon 21 through the heavy object 31 and detect the soil humidity through the soil sensor 33. A sleeve 32 is rotatably arranged on the surface of the heavy object 31, and parallel cables 38 and connecting ropes 39 are wound around the surface of the sleeve 32. An elastic member for inserting the probe of the soil sensor 33 into the soil is provided inside the sleeve 32, and the elastic member is in an energy storage state due to being wound by the cables 38 and the connecting ropes 39.

[0039] In this solution, the remote sensing data acquisition component is used to obtain remote sensing images, and multiple ground data acquisition components are set to collect data at multiple points of the mountain vegetation. The meteorological data is collected by dividing the area according to meteorological differences. Among them, the stomatal conductance and the soil humidity index are both key parameters of this model. By using the drone 11 to deliver the balloon component 2 and the dropping and fixing component 3, the meteorological data can be collected at multiple points. The dropping and fixing component 3 can not only provide the falling and fixing of the meteorological balloon 21, but also be provided with a soil sensor for collecting soil humidity information. The meteorological data of the vegetation canopy can also be combined with the remote sensing data acquisition component to invert the stomatal conductance. For the specific method of inverting the stomatal conductance, reference can be made to 202111550144.0 A Method for Inverting Plant Stomatal Conductance Based on Satellite Remote Sensing Data. This ground data acquisition component reduces the delivery difficulty, can achieve multi-point delivery, and improves the prediction accuracy.

[0040] The elastic component includes a slider 34 slidably arranged in the sleeve 32 and a spring 35. The slider 34 is rotatably connected to the soil sensor 33. Through grooves are formed on the surface of the sleeve 32, and cover plates 36 are arranged in the through grooves. Each cover plate 36 is hinged to the slider 34 through at least two connecting rods 37. The cover plates 36 are wound by a cable 38 and a connecting rope 39 to push the slider 34 to compress the spring 35 through the connecting rods 37. This elastic component is used to push out the soil sensor 33 through the spring 35 when the cable 38 or the connecting rope 39 completely leaves the sleeve 32, so as to facilitate the probe to enter the soil to obtain soil humidity information.

[0041] The launcher 12 is connected to the heavy object block 31 through a first suspension rope 13 and is connected to the weather balloon 21 through a second suspension rope 14. In order to launch the weather balloon 2 and the landing and fixing component 3, the launcher 12 can be used to achieve sequential launches.

[0042] Specifically, the launcher 12 includes a motor, a circular ring with an open lower end, and spokes arranged at the end of the output shaft of the motor. The spokes and the inner wall of the circular ring form a fan-shaped area that is nested with the links arranged at the ends of the first suspension rope 13 and the second suspension rope 14. When the spokes rotate to the opening of the circular ring, the links fall off. This solution proposes a specific launcher 12, as Figure 3 shown. By rotating the spokes to the notch of the circular ring to release the corresponding suspension rope, the landing and fixing component 3 and the balloon component 21 can share a set of launchers to achieve the purpose of sequential release.

[0043] The heavy object block 31 is in the shape of a cobblestone. In order to prevent the heavy object block 31 from being stuck by branches during falling and keep the sleeve 32 facing upward after landing, that is, to make the probe of the soil sensor 33 face downward, the heavy object block 31 is set in this shape. And in order to prevent the heavy object block 31 from falling too fast and causing impact, damping rotation can be set between the sleeve 32 and the heavy object block 31. During the falling process, the sleeve 32 slowly rotates to release the cable 38 and the connecting rope 39 wound on its surface. Therefore, the falling process can be delayed. The weather balloon 21 is filled with helium gas through a high-pressure gas cylinder (not shown in the figure). After the weather balloon 21 is inflated, its volume is relatively large, which affects the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle 11. Therefore, it can be inflated after flying to the destination. The high-pressure gas cylinder is used to inflate the weather balloon 21. The high-pressure gas cylinder is controlled by a valve and can be arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle 11 or directly on the weather balloon 21 for one-time use.

[0044] A connecting block 24 is provided at the bottom of the meteorological balloon 21. The connecting block 24 is directly fixed to the cable 38. A single-pass groove 25 is formed inside the connecting block 24. The connecting rope 39 passes through the single-pass groove 25. A rope-receiving assembly 4 is further provided below the unmanned aerial vehicle 11 for pulling the connecting rope 39 through the single-pass groove 25 so that the connecting rope 39 is tightened between the connecting block 24 and the heavy object block 31. Since the meteorological balloon 21 is fixed by the gravity of the heavy object block 31, but if the meteorological balloon 21 floats too high, it will be blown by the wind and swing severely. Therefore, after the heavy object block 31 lands, the excess connecting rope 39 is tightened to lower the height of the meteorological balloon 21 to be level with the tree crown layer, and the tree crown is used for lateral cover to effectively reduce the influence of the wind. For this reason, when the meteorological balloon 21 contacts the tree crown layer, wear-resistant materials should be used.

[0045] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the rope-receiving assembly 4 includes a driving motor 41, a threaded shaft 42 driven by the driving motor 41, and a driven shaft 43 that jointly clamps the connecting rope 39 with the threaded shaft 42. Among them, the thread of the threaded shaft 42 is used to move the connecting rope 39 axially through forward and reverse rotation, so as to reverse the rotation after the pulling is completed and discard the connecting rope 39. By setting the driving motor 41 to pull the connecting rope 39, the connecting rope 39 slides in the single-pass groove 25. When the meteorological balloon 21 descends to an appropriate height, the threaded shaft 42 is reversed to disengage the unmanned aerial vehicle 11 from the connecting rope 39, so as to facilitate the departure of the unmanned aerial vehicle 11.

[0046] The specific implementation method is as follows: When the balloon assembly 2 and the landing assembly 3 are launched, the unmanned aerial vehicle 11 flies to a suitable position. First, the landing assembly 3 is launched. The launcher 12 releases the first suspension rope 13, and the landing assembly 3 falls among the tree crowns. At the same time, the cable 38 and the connecting rope 39 wound around the surface of the sleeve 32 are continuously released until the landing assembly completely falls. There may still be some winding on the surface of the sleeve 32. The unmanned aerial vehicle 11 slightly increases the lift and slowly rises, pulling the cable 38 and the connecting rope 39 to continue to be released. Slightly increasing the lift prevents the heavy object block 31 from being pulled up again. After the winding on the surface of the sleeve 32 is released, the spring 35 pushes out the slider 34 and the soil sensor 33. Among them, a rotating connection part is provided between the slider 34 and the soil sensor 33 so that the slider 34 can rotate with the sleeve 32. The probe of the soil sensor 33 is inserted into the soil to obtain data. The cable 38 is used to be powered by the photovoltaic panel 22 and transmit data, facilitating the transmission of the data of the meteorological collection component 23 and the soil data to the data processing host through a signal.

[0047] After the landing assembly 3 lands, it inflates the meteorological balloon 21 to make it expand. At the same time, the excess connecting rope 38 is pulled by the rope-receiving assembly 4. After the connecting rope 38 passes through the single-pass groove 25, the balloon assembly 2 will lower its height until the meteorological balloon 21 drops to near the tree crown layer of the trees, with the cover of the tree crown layer, such as Figure 8As shown, the connecting rope 38 inside the single-pass slot 25 is stuck and cannot move in the reverse direction. Therefore, the forces on both ends of the connecting rope 38 are respectively between the connecting block 24 and the heavy object block 31. Finally, the launcher 12 releases the weather balloon 21, the rope winding assembly 4 reversely rotates the threaded shaft 42 to discard the connecting rope 38, and the drone 11 returns.

[0048] To apply the above device, the present invention also proposes a method for predicting the evapotranspiration of an ecosystem based on the stomatal conductance model of the above-mentioned tying device, including the following steps:

[0049] S1: Divide the mountainous area into several regions according to local meteorological differences;

[0050] S2: Obtain the meteorological data and soil humidity of each region in the mountainous area through the ground data acquisition component. Through the launching component 1, the balloon component 2 and the landing component 3 are launched into each region, so that the balloon component 2 carries the meteorological acquisition component 23 to detect the meteorological data of the vegetation canopy and obtain electricity, while the landing component 3 fixes the balloon component 2 by gravity and inserts the soil sensor 33 into the soil;

[0051] S3: Obtain the stomatal conductance by inversion of meteorological data and remote sensing data, and predict the evapotranspiration data of the ecosystem based on meteorological data, remote sensing data, stomatal conductance, and soil humidity using the PML model;

[0052] S4: Summarize the evapotranspiration data of the regional vegetation to obtain the evapotranspiration data of the mountainous area vegetation.

[0053] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for predicting ecosystem evapotranspiration based on a stomatal conductance model, comprising a data processing host, a remote sensing data acquisition component, and a ground data acquisition component, characterized in that: The ground data acquisition component is used to collect meteorological data and soil humidity of the mountain vegetation canopy. The remote sensing data acquisition component is used to collect the vegetation remote sensing data of the mountain area. The data processing host is used to predict the ecosystem evapotranspiration data based on the meteorological data, remote sensing data, stomatal conductance, and soil humidity by using the PML model. The stomatal conductance is obtained by inversion based on the meteorological data and remote sensing data. Among them, the ground data acquisition component includes a delivery component (1) that delivers various sensors to the mountain area through a drone (11), including the drone (11) and a dispenser (12); a balloon component (2) that includes a meteorological balloon (21), a meteorological acquisition component (23), and a photovoltaic panel (22) for collecting meteorological data of the vegetation canopy and providing power; a dropping and fixing component (3) that is used to drop and fix the meteorological balloon (21) by a heavy object (31) and detect the soil humidity through a soil sensor (33). A sleeve (32) is rotatably arranged on the surface of the heavy object (31). Parallel cables (38) and connecting ropes (39) are wound around the surface of the sleeve (32). An elastic member for inserting the probe of the soil sensor (33) into the soil is provided inside the sleeve (32). The elastic member is in an energy storage state due to being wound by the cables (38) and the connecting ropes (39).

2. The device for predicting the evapotranspiration of an ecosystem based on a stomatal conductance model according to claim 1, wherein: The elastic member includes a slider (34) and a spring (35) that are slidably arranged inside the sleeve (32). The slider (34) is rotatably connected to the soil sensor (33). Through grooves are formed on the surface of the sleeve (32), and cover plates (36) are arranged inside the through grooves. Each cover plate (36) is hinged to the slider (34) through at least two connecting rods (37). The cover plates (36) are wound by the cables (38) and the connecting ropes (39) to push the slider (34) to compress the spring (35) through the connecting rods (37).

3. The device for predicting the evapotranspiration of an ecosystem based on the stomatal conductance model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispenser (12) is connected to the heavy object (31) through a first suspension rope (13) and is connected to the meteorological balloon (21) through a second suspension rope (14).

4. The device for predicting the evapotranspiration of an ecosystem based on the stomatal conductance model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dispenser (12) includes a motor, a circular ring with an open lower end, and spokes arranged at the end of the motor output shaft. The spokes and the inner wall of the circular ring form a fan-shaped area that is nested with the links arranged at the ends of the first suspension rope (13) and the second suspension rope (14). When the spokes rotate to the opening of the circular ring, the links fall off.

5. The device for predicting the evapotranspiration of an ecosystem based on the stomatal conductance model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heavy object (31) is in the shape of a cobblestone.

6. The device for predicting the evapotranspiration of an ecosystem based on a stomatal conductance model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meteorological balloon (21) is filled with helium through a high-pressure gas cylinder.

7. The device for predicting the evapotranspiration of an ecosystem based on the stomatal conductance model according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connection block (24) is arranged at the bottom of the meteorological balloon (21). The connection block (24) is directly fixed to the cable (38). A single through groove (25) is formed inside the connection block (24). The connecting rope (39) passes through the single through groove (25). A rope collecting component (4) is also arranged below the drone (11) for pulling the connecting rope (39) through the single through groove (25) so that the connecting rope (39) is tightened between the connection block (24) and the heavy object (31).

8. An apparatus for predicting ecosystem evapotranspiration based on a stomatal conductance model according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rope winding assembly (4) includes a driving motor (41), a threaded shaft (42) driven by the driving motor (41), and a driven shaft (43) that jointly clamps and connects the rope (39). Among them, the thread of the threaded shaft (42) is used to move the connecting rope (39) axially by forward and reverse rotation, so as to reverse rotate after the pulling is completed and discard the connecting rope (39).

9. A method for predicting ecosystem evapotranspiration based on a stomatal conductance model of the device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Divide the mountainous area into several regions according to local meteorological differences; S2: Obtain the meteorological data and soil humidity of each region in the mountainous area through the ground data acquisition component. Drop the balloon component (2) and the landing component (3) into each region through the dropping component (1), so that the balloon component (2) carries the meteorological acquisition component (23) to detect the meteorological data of the vegetation canopy and obtain electricity, while the landing component (3) fixes the balloon component (2) by gravity and inserts the soil sensor (33) into the soil; S3: Invert the stomatal conductance through meteorological data and remote sensing data, and predict the ecosystem evapotranspiration data based on meteorological data, remote sensing data, stomatal conductance, and soil humidity using the PML model; S4: Summarize the evapotranspiration data of regional vegetation to obtain the evapotranspiration data of mountainous vegetation.

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