Mining Area Water Environment Monitoring System and Monitoring Methods

Abstract

This invention discloses a mining area water environment monitoring system, comprising: multiple surface water sensor components uniformly arranged upstream of a mining area river, at multiple mining area water discharge inlets in the middle reaches of the mining area river, and downstream of the mining area river; multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices uniformly arranged on the mining area river, with the multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices positioned close to the multiple surface water sensor components; multiple groundwater sensor components respectively arranged at the mining area boundary and at aquifers around the multiple mining area water discharge inlets; and a monitoring center. The mining area water environment monitoring system provided by this invention possesses high security and maintainability, and can provide strong technical support for water environment management and sustainable development in mining areas. A monitoring method for a mining area water environment monitoring system is also disclosed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and in particular to a water environment monitoring system and method for mining areas. Background Technology

[0002] As mining activities continue, the discharge of mine wastewater can have a serious impact on the surrounding water environment. Mine wastewater includes pit water and ore dressing wastewater generated during mining operations. This wastewater is often discharged into nearby valleys, rivers, ditches, or ponds, polluting surface water bodies in the mining area. Because rivers become discharge channels for mine wastewater, shallow groundwater on both sides of the river is polluted to varying degrees. Furthermore, waste residue containing harmful chemical elements, due to rainfall infiltration, pollutes surface water, groundwater, and farmland, causing endemic pathogens. Long-term accumulation of waste rock, tailings, and dust, under the weathering effects of air, water, and temperature, decomposes, causing many harmful compounds to enter surface and groundwater, resulting in serious water pollution.

[0003] Currently, water environment monitoring in mines relies on periodic manual sampling, which fails to provide a comprehensive real-time picture of the entire mining area's water environment. This hinders the organic management of information and prevents continuous water environment monitoring. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mining area water environment monitoring system to acquire real-time water environment monitoring data and provide effective early warnings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems and to provide at least the advantages that will be described later.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a mining area water environment monitoring system and method. This system connects multiple surface sensor components, multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices, and multiple groundwater sensor components with a monitoring center in real time to update monitoring data. It also performs real-time analysis and early warning of the monitoring data, thereby achieving comprehensive, real-time, and accurate monitoring of the mining water environment. Furthermore, the system possesses high security and maintainability, providing strong technical support for water environment management and sustainable development in mining areas.

[0006] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, a mining area water environment monitoring system is provided, comprising:

[0007] Multiple surface water sensor assemblies are evenly arranged in the upstream of the mining area river, multiple mining area water discharge inlets in the middle reaches of the mining area river, and the downstream of the mining area river; each surface water sensor assembly includes a housing I; a water quality sensor group I, a water level sensor I, and a flow sensor, all of which are housed inside the housing I, and the detection ends of the water quality sensor group I, the water level sensor I, and the flow sensor extend outward from the housing I; a filter cover I covers the detection ends of the water quality sensor group I, the water level sensor I, and the flow sensor.

[0008] Multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices are evenly distributed along a river in the mining area, with each device positioned close to multiple surface water sensor components. Each surface water sampling and monitoring device includes: a polygonal base detachably placed on the riverbed; a support column, its lower end fixed to the center of the polygonal base, and its upper end extending upwards above the river surface; multiple reinforcing columns evenly distributed around the support column, with their lower ends fixed to the polygonal base and fixedly connected to the support column via multiple crossbars; the crossbars between the reinforcing columns and the support column descending sequentially from top to bottom; a sampling platform horizontally fixed to the upper end of the support column; and a multi-channel water pump. It is set on a sampling platform; multiple conduits, one end of which is connected to multiple inlets of a multi-channel water pump, and the other end of which extends to multiple crossbars, with each conduit corresponding to one of the crossbars; a sampling box, which includes a box body; multiple sampling tubes, which are arranged sequentially inside the sampling box, with each of the multiple outlets of the multi-channel water pump corresponding to one of the inlets of the sampling tubes; multiple water quality monitoring components, which are evenly spaced on the multiple crossbars, each water quality monitoring component including a housing II; a water quality sensor group II and a water level sensor II, which are set inside the housing II, with the detection end of the water quality sensor group extending outward from the housing II; and a filter cover II, which covers the detection ends of the water quality sensor group II and the water level sensor II.

[0009] Multiple groundwater sensor assemblies are respectively arranged at the boundary of the mining area and at the aquifers around multiple mining area water discharge inlets. Each groundwater sensor assembly includes a water quality sensor group III and a water level sensor III.

[0010] The monitoring center includes a data acquisition unit, which periodically collects monitoring data from multiple surface water sensor components, multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices, and multiple underground sensor components; a database, which acquires and stores the monitoring data collected by the data acquisition unit; a data processing module, which checks the integrity of the monitoring data obtained from the database and obtains the check results; and an early warning module, which acquires monitoring data in real time and compares the monitoring data with preset water quality parameters, water level, and flow rate thresholds to obtain the comparison results. If the comparison result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring data is issued; if the comparison result returns "0", the acquisition of comparison results continues. The early warning module also acquires the check results from the data processing module. If the check result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring equipment is issued; if the check result returns "0", the acquisition of check results continues.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes: multiple groundwater sampling and monitoring devices, which are evenly arranged near multiple groundwater sensor components; wherein, each groundwater sampling and monitoring device includes: a sampling platform II, which is arranged at the upper port of the groundwater monitoring well; a multi-channel water pump II, which is arranged on the sampling platform II; multiple conduits II, one end of which is connected to multiple inlets of the multi-channel water pump II, and the other end of the multiple conduits II extends into the groundwater monitoring well and is submerged in the water body; a sampling box II, which includes a box body II; multiple sampling tubes II, which are arranged sequentially in the sampling box II, and the multiple outlets of the multi-channel water pump II are connected to the inlets of the multiple sampling tubes II in a one-to-one correspondence; and a filter cover III, which covers the inlet ends of the multiple conduits II.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes: a plurality of floating balls evenly spaced apart on the outer periphery of the sampling platform.

[0013] Preferably, the ratio of the number of multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices to the number of multiple surface water sensor components is 1:2 to 1:4.

[0014] The ratio of the number of groundwater sampling and monitoring devices to the number of groundwater sensor components is 1:3 to 1:5.

[0015] Preferably, the sampling box further includes: an inner liner box, which is embedded inside the sampling box, and the height of the inner liner box is greater than the height of the sampling box; multiple water inlet holes I, which are evenly spaced at the bottom of the inner liner box; multiple water inlet short pipes, which are arranged vertically in sequence on the inner bottom surface of the sampling box, and the multiple water inlet short pipes extend upward, the upper ends of the multiple water inlet short pipes are closed, and the multiple water inlet short pipes are detachably inserted into the multiple water inlet holes I; multiple water inlets, which are evenly opened on the side walls of the multiple water inlet short pipes and are located near the upper ends of the multiple water inlet short pipes; and the lower ends of the multiple water inlet short pipes are connected to the outlet of the multi-channel water pump I through a pipe.

[0016] Multiple sampling tubes are evenly spaced within an inner liner box via a test tube rack. Each sampling tube includes a lifting valve with an inlet port II located at its bottom; a sleeve with its lower end fixed to the bottom of the sampling tube, the opening of which faces the inlet port II, and the inner diameter of the sleeve being greater than or equal to the diameter of the inlet port II; a cap that is detachably fastened to the sleeve, the height of which is less than the height of the sleeve, and the inner diameter of the cap's cross-section being greater than the outer diameter of the sleeve's cross-section; and at least one pair of return springs evenly spaced around the cap, the lower ends of which are fixed to the bottom of the sampling tube, and the upper ends of which are fixed to the cap. The bottoms of the multiple sampling tubes are detachably fitted onto multiple short inlet pipes, with multiple inlets protruding from the sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, water quality sensor group I includes a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, and a heavy metal sensor; water quality sensor group II includes a pH sensor and a heavy metal sensor; and water quality sensor group III includes a pH sensor, a heavy metal sensor, a fluoride sensor, and a chloride sensor.

[0018] Preferably, at least two surface water sensor assemblies and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device are installed upstream of the river in the mining area at a distance of more than 500 meters from the mining area.

[0019] At multiple mine water discharge outlets in the middle reaches of the river in the mining area, at least one surface water sensor assembly and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device are installed respectively. Five surface water sensor assemblies and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device are evenly distributed in a water area of ​​less than or equal to 1000 around the multiple mine water discharge outlets.

[0020] Downstream of the river in the mining area, at least four surface water sensor assemblies and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device shall be installed.

[0021] A monitoring method for a mining area water environment monitoring system includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Deploy multiple surface water sensor components and multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices at multiple mine water discharge inlets in the upstream, midstream, and downstream sections of the river in the mining area; set up groundwater monitoring wells around the boundary of the mining area and multiple mine water discharge inlets, install multiple groundwater sensor components in the groundwater monitoring wells, and set up data acquisition devices in the mining area. The data acquisition devices are communicatively connected to the multiple surface water sensor components, multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices, and multiple groundwater sensor components.

[0023] Step 2: The monitoring center establishes a communication connection with the data acquisition unit and periodically acquires monitoring data, storing the monitoring data in the database;

[0024] Step 3: The early warning module is used to acquire monitoring data in real time and compare the monitoring data with the preset water quality parameters, water level and flow thresholds to obtain the comparison results. If the comparison result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring data is issued. If the comparison result returns "0", the comparison result is acquired again. The early warning module is also used to acquire the inspection results of the data processing module. If the inspection result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring equipment is issued. If the inspection result returns "0", the inspection result is acquired again.

[0025] Preferably, the abnormal monitoring data instruction includes the monitoring center sending a text message or email notification to the relevant mobile terminal device through the wireless transmission network, and issuing an audible and visual alarm through the monitoring station of the monitoring center, while displaying detailed warning information such as warning time, warning location and warning parameter value on the monitoring station;

[0026] Equipment anomaly commands include the monitoring center sending SMS or email notifications to relevant mobile terminal devices via wireless transmission network, and issuing audible and visual alarms through the monitoring console of the monitoring center. At the same time, the monitoring console displays detailed warning information, including the warning time, the location of the abnormal equipment, and the abnormal parameter values.

[0027] Preferably, multiple groundwater sensor components are evenly spaced at intervals of 100-200 meters along the boundary of the mining area;

[0028] Multiple groundwater sensor modules are evenly spaced 20-50 meters around the water inlets of multiple mining areas.

[0029] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] Multiple surface water sensor components are used to automatically acquire water environment data of rivers in the mining area in real time or at regular intervals. This enables real-time monitoring of surface water, timely detection of changes in the water environment, and prevention of water pollution. Multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices are used for regular water sampling and water quality monitoring. If water quality is abnormal, multi-channel water pumps can be activated for temporary emergency sampling to promptly understand changes in the water environment.

[0031] Multiple groundwater sensor components are installed to monitor groundwater quality and water level changes in real time, which helps to detect groundwater pollution in a timely manner. Once pollutants are detected to exceed the standard, the scope and degree of pollution can be quickly determined.

[0032] The monitoring center is used to obtain real-time monitoring data of the water environment of the entire mining area, and combined with the early warning module, to conduct comprehensive monitoring and early warning of the water environment;

[0033] In addition to regular maintenance, the data processing module is used to check the integrity of the data and, in conjunction with the early warning module, performs early warning maintenance on sensors that have failed to obtain monitoring data, so as to ensure the integrity of the data.

[0034] In summary, the mine water environment monitoring system provided by this invention, by setting up multiple surface sensor components, multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices, and multiple groundwater sensor components to communicate and connect with the monitoring center in real time to update monitoring data, and by performing real-time analysis and early warning of the monitoring data, can achieve comprehensive, real-time, and accurate monitoring of the mine water environment. At the same time, the system has high security and maintainability, and can provide strong technical support for water environment management and sustainable development in mining areas.

[0035] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mining area water environment monitoring system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of any surface water sensor component in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of any surface water sampling and monitoring device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a top view of the polygonal base, support column, and multiple reinforcing columns of any surface water sampling and monitoring device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of any water quality monitoring component in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of any groundwater sampling and monitoring device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of any sampling box in one embodiment of the present invention, wherein no sampling tube is provided;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of any sampling tube in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of any sampling box in one embodiment of the present invention, wherein multiple sampling tubes are provided. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0046] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not imply the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0047] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a water environment monitoring system for mining areas, comprising:

[0048] Multiple surface water sensor components 1 are evenly arranged upstream of the mining area river 100, at multiple mining area water discharge inlets 200 in the middle reaches of the mining area river, and downstream of the mining area river. Monitoring data of unpolluted water obtained by the multiple surface water sensor components upstream of the mining area river can serve as a blank control. Monitoring data of water obtained by the multiple mining area water discharge inlets in the middle reaches of the mining area river and the multiple surface water sensor components downstream of the mining area river can serve as experimental data. The experimental data is compared with the blank control data in real time to promptly detect whether the water environment at the multiple mining area water discharge inlets in the middle reaches of the mining area river and downstream of the mining area river is polluted. Each surface water sensor component includes a housing I 11; a water quality sensor group I; and a water level sensor. The system comprises a water quality sensor group I and a flow sensor, both housed within a housing I, with the detection ends 12 of the water quality sensor group I, water level sensor I, and flow sensor extending outwards from the housing I; a filter cover I 13 covers the detection ends of the water quality sensor group I, water level sensor I, and flow sensor; the filter cover I filters the water flowing through the multiple surface water sensor components to ensure water quality detection effectiveness; multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices 2 are evenly distributed along the river in the mining area, with the multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices positioned close to the multiple surface water sensor components; each surface water sampling and monitoring device includes: a polygonal base 21, which is detachably placed on the riverbed; the polygonal base stably supports the various devices mounted thereon, ensuring... Multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices can be stably installed in the water body; support column 22, the lower end of which is fixed to the middle of the polygonal base, and the upper end of the support column extends upward to above the water surface of the river; multiple reinforcing columns 23 are evenly distributed around the support column, and the lower ends of the multiple reinforcing columns are fixed to the polygonal base. The multiple reinforcing columns are fixedly connected to the support column by multiple crossbars; sampling platform 24 is horizontally fixed to the upper end of the support column; multiple reinforcing columns are used to assist in fixing the support column and sampling platform, so that the sampling platform always remains in a near-horizontal state to ensure periodic automatic sampling; and multiple crossbars between the multiple reinforcing columns and the support column are arranged sequentially from top to bottom; multi-channel water pump 25 is installed on the sampling platform; multiple Each of the following is a set of 26 conduits, one end of which is connected to multiple inlets of a multi-channel water pump, and the other end of each conduit extends to multiple crossbars, with each conduit corresponding to one of the crossbars. Multiple reinforcing columns, arranged sequentially downwards, are used to fix the lower ends of the conduits, enabling water sample collection at different depths to meet sampling and monitoring requirements and provide a comprehensive understanding of the aquatic environment. A sampling box 27 includes a box body. Multiple sampling tubes 28 are arranged sequentially within the sampling box, with each outlet of the multi-channel water pump corresponding to one of the inlets of the sampling tubes. Each sampling tube corresponds to a different water sample and can be labeled or marked with the water sample collection depth as needed for differentiation and easier subsequent testing.Multiple water quality monitoring components 29 are evenly spaced and arranged on multiple crossbars. Each water quality monitoring component includes a housing II 291; a water quality sensor group II and a water level sensor II, which are disposed inside the housing II, with the detection end 292 of the water quality sensor group extending outward from the housing II; and a filter cover II 293, which covers the detection ends of the water quality sensor group II and the water level sensor II. The multiple water quality monitoring components are used to directly monitor water bodies at different depths in real time on-site. If no abnormalities are found, periodic sampling and retesting can be performed. If abnormalities are found, a multi-channel water pump can be activated for temporary emergency sampling to promptly understand changes in the water environment. The sampling box is placed on the sampling platform for easy manual handling.

[0049] Multiple groundwater sensor components 3 are respectively deployed at the boundary of the mining area and at the aquifers around multiple mine water discharge inlets. Each groundwater sensor component includes a water quality sensor group III and a water level sensor III. The deployment of multiple groundwater sensor components is used to monitor groundwater quality and water level changes in real time, which helps to promptly detect groundwater pollution. Once pollutant exceedances are detected, the scope and degree of pollution can be quickly determined. Groundwater has a close hydraulic connection with surface water, and changes in its water level and quality can affect ecosystems such as rivers and lakes. Continuous groundwater monitoring can provide data support for ecological environmental protection and ensure the stability of ecosystems.

[0050] Monitoring center 4 includes a data acquisition unit 41, which periodically collects monitoring data from multiple surface water sensor components, multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices, and multiple underground sensor components. The data acquisition unit is typically located in the mining area, close to these components. It receives data from each sensor and performs preliminary data filtering and calibration. A database is used to acquire and store the monitoring data collected by the data acquisition unit. A data processing module checks the integrity of the monitoring data obtained from the database and obtains the check results. An early warning module acquires monitoring data in real time and compares it with preset water quality parameters, water level, and flow rate thresholds to obtain the comparison results. If the comparison result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring data is issued; if the comparison result returns "0", the acquisition of comparison results continues. The early warning module also acquires the check results from the data processing module. If the check result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring equipment is issued; if the check result returns "0", the acquisition of check results continues.

[0051] In this solution, multiple surface water sensor components are used to automatically acquire water environment data of rivers in the mining area in real time or at regular intervals, enabling real-time monitoring of surface water, timely detection of changes in the water environment, and prevention of water pollution; multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices are used for regular water sampling and water quality monitoring. If the water quality is abnormal, a multi-channel water pump can be activated for temporary emergency sampling, thereby timely understanding of changes in the water environment.

[0052] Multiple groundwater sensor components are installed to monitor groundwater quality and water level changes in real time, which helps to detect groundwater pollution in a timely manner. Once pollutants are detected to exceed the standard, the scope and degree of pollution can be quickly determined.

[0053] The monitoring center is used to obtain real-time monitoring data of the water environment of the entire mining area, and combined with the early warning module, to conduct comprehensive monitoring and early warning of the water environment;

[0054] In addition to regular maintenance, the data processing module is used to check the integrity of the data and, in conjunction with the early warning module, performs early warning maintenance on sensors that have failed to obtain monitoring data, so as to ensure the integrity of the data.

[0055] In summary, the mine water environment monitoring system provided by this invention, by setting up multiple surface sensor components, multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices, and multiple groundwater sensor components to communicate and connect with the monitoring center in real time to update monitoring data, and by performing real-time analysis and early warning of the monitoring data, can achieve comprehensive, real-time, and accurate monitoring of the mine water environment. At the same time, the system has high security and maintainability, and can provide strong technical support for water environment management and sustainable development in mining areas.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the system further includes: multiple groundwater sampling and monitoring devices 5, evenly arranged near multiple groundwater sensor components; each groundwater sampling and monitoring device includes: a sampling platform II 51, located at the upper port of the groundwater monitoring well 300; a multi-channel water pump II 52, mounted on the sampling platform II; multiple conduits II 53, one end of which is connected to multiple inlets of the multi-channel water pump II, and the other end of each conduit II extends into the groundwater monitoring well and is submerged in the water body; a sampling box II 54, including a box body II; multiple sampling tubes II, arranged sequentially within the sampling box II, with multiple outlets of the multi-channel water pump II corresponding to and connected to the inlets of the multiple sampling tubes II; and a filter cover III 55, covering the inlets of the multiple conduits II. Multiple groundwater sampling and monitoring devices are used to periodically collect groundwater and conduct further testing to ensure monitoring effectiveness and provide a comprehensive understanding of the water environment in the mining area. Furthermore, when the monitoring data of multiple groundwater sensor components are abnormal, the multi-channel water pump II can be started in a timely manner to sample, so as to obtain accurate final detection data.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the sampling platform further includes multiple floating balls evenly spaced around its perimeter. These floating balls assist in supporting the sampling platform, maintaining its horizontal position, and preventing it from tipping over.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the number of multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices to the number of multiple surface water sensor components is 1:2 to 1:4; for example, the ratio is 1:2, 1:3, or 1:4, etc.

[0059] The ratio of the number of groundwater sampling and monitoring devices to the number of groundwater sensor components is 1:3 to 1:5, for example, the ratio is 1:3, 1:4, or 1:5.

[0060] like Figure 7-9 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the sampling box further includes: an inner liner 271, which is embedded inside the sampling box, and the height of the inner liner is greater than the height of the sampling box; multiple water inlet holes I, which are evenly spaced at the bottom of the inner liner; multiple water inlet short tubes 272, which are arranged vertically in sequence on the inner bottom surface of the sampling box, and the multiple water inlet short tubes extend upward, the upper ends of the multiple water inlet short tubes are closed, and the multiple water inlet short tubes are detachably inserted into the multiple water inlet holes I; multiple water inlets 273, which are evenly opened on the side walls of the multiple water inlet short tubes and are located near the upper ends of the multiple water inlet short tubes; the lower ends of the multiple water inlet short tubes are connected to the outlet of the multi-channel water pump I through a pipe 251; multiple sampling tubes are evenly spaced inside the inner liner through a test tube rack, and multiple sampling tubes are arranged in a series of steps. Each sampling tube in the tube also includes a lifting valve, which includes an inlet hole II 281, which is opened at the bottom of the sampling tube; a sleeve 282, the lower end of which is fixed to the bottom of the sampling tube, and the opening of the sleeve is set directly opposite the inlet hole II, the inner diameter of the sleeve is greater than or equal to the diameter of the inlet hole II; a cap 283, which is detachably fastened to the sleeve, and the height of the cap is less than the height of the sleeve, the inner diameter of the cross section of the cap is greater than the outer diameter of the cross section of the sleeve; at least one pair of return springs 284, which are evenly spaced around the cap, and the lower ends of at least one pair of return springs are fixed to the bottom of the sampling tube, and the upper ends of at least one pair of return springs are fixed to the cap; the bottoms of the plurality of sampling tubes are detachably sleeved on the plurality of inlet short tubes, and the plurality of inlets protrude from the sleeve (a≤b). In this design, the inner liner is detachably placed inside the sampling box, allowing for easy access from above. When the inner liner is removed, the lifting valves of multiple sampling tubes automatically block the opening at the top of the sleeve to prevent water sample leakage. When the inner liner is placed in, the lifting valves of multiple sampling tubes are opened by multiple inlet short pipes, allowing water sample to enter multiple sampling tubes from multiple inlets, thus enabling rapid sampling and replacement of multiple sampling tubes. The design is simple and easy to use.

[0061] In addition, the structure can accommodate the installation of multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices in the middle of a large water body for monitoring and sampling. The successfully sampled inner liner can be easily removed by drone. During the sampling process, the water body will not be disturbed, ensuring the quality of water sample collection. Then, the unsampled inner liner can be placed in.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, water quality sensor group I includes a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, and a heavy metal sensor; water quality sensor group II includes a pH sensor and a heavy metal sensor; and water quality sensor group III includes a pH sensor, a heavy metal sensor, a fluoride sensor, and a chloride sensor.

[0063] In this scheme, a pH sensor is used to monitor the acidity and alkalinity of the water environment in the mining area. A sensor based on the glass electrode method can be used, which can accurately measure pH values ​​within the range of 0-14. A dissolved oxygen sensor is used to monitor the dissolved oxygen content in the water environment of the mining area. A polarographic dissolved oxygen sensor can be used, with a measurement range of 0-20 mg / L. A heavy metal sensor is used to monitor heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and chromium in the water environment of the mining area.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, at least two surface water sensor modules and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device are installed upstream of the mining area river at a distance of more than 500 meters from the mining area to ensure that the monitoring data of the collected water samples are not affected by the mining area's drainage. At multiple mining area water discharge inlets in the middle reaches of the mining area river, at least one surface water sensor module and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device are installed at each inlet. Five surface water sensor modules and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device are evenly distributed within a water area of ​​less than or equal to 1000 meters around the multiple mining area water discharge inlets. The water bodies at all multiple mining area water discharge inlets are monitored in real time, and abnormal discharge inlets are detected and early warnings are issued in a timely manner. Downstream of the mining area river at a distance of more than 500 meters from the mining area, at least four surface water sensor modules and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device are installed to monitor the downstream area in real time and ensure that the downstream water body is not polluted.

[0065] A monitoring method for a mining area water environment monitoring system includes the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Deploy multiple surface water sensor components and multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices at multiple mine water discharge inlets in the upstream, midstream, and downstream sections of the river in the mining area; set up groundwater monitoring wells around the boundary of the mining area and multiple mine water discharge inlets, install multiple groundwater sensor components in the groundwater monitoring wells, and set up data acquisition devices in the mining area. The data acquisition devices are communicatively connected to the multiple surface water sensor components, multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices, and multiple groundwater sensor components.

[0067] Step 2: The monitoring center establishes a communication connection with the data acquisition unit and periodically acquires monitoring data, storing the monitoring data in the database;

[0068] Step 3: The early warning module is used to acquire monitoring data in real time and compare the monitoring data with the preset water quality parameters, water level and flow thresholds to obtain the comparison results. If the comparison result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring data is issued. If the comparison result returns "0", the comparison result is acquired again. The early warning module is also used to acquire the inspection results of the data processing module. If the inspection result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring equipment is issued. If the inspection result returns "0", the inspection result is acquired again.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the abnormal monitoring data instruction includes the monitoring center sending a text message or email notification to the relevant mobile terminal device via a wireless transmission network, and issuing an audible and visual alarm through the monitoring station of the monitoring center. At the same time, the monitoring station displays detailed warning information, including the warning time, warning location, and warning parameter values.

[0070] Equipment anomaly commands include the monitoring center sending SMS or email notifications to relevant mobile terminal devices via wireless transmission network, and issuing audible and visual alarms through the monitoring console of the monitoring center. At the same time, the monitoring console displays detailed warning information, including the warning time, the location of the abnormal equipment, and the abnormal parameter values.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, multiple groundwater sensor modules are arranged at uniform intervals of 100-200 meters along the boundary of the mining area.

[0072] Multiple groundwater sensor modules are evenly spaced 20-50 meters around the water inlets of multiple mining areas.

[0073] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A water environment monitoring system for mining areas, characterized in that, include: Multiple surface water sensor assemblies are evenly arranged in the upstream of the mining area river, multiple mining area water discharge inlets in the middle reaches of the mining area river, and the downstream of the mining area river; each surface water sensor assembly includes a housing I; a water quality sensor group I, a water level sensor I, and a flow sensor, all of which are housed inside the housing I, and the detection ends of the water quality sensor group I, the water level sensor I, and the flow sensor extend outward from the housing I; a filter cover I covers the detection ends of the water quality sensor group I, the water level sensor I, and the flow sensor. Multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices are evenly distributed along a river in the mining area, with each device positioned close to multiple surface water sensor components. Each surface water sampling and monitoring device includes: a polygonal base detachably placed on the riverbed; a support column, its lower end fixed to the center of the polygonal base, and its upper end extending upwards above the river surface; multiple reinforcing columns evenly distributed around the support column, with their lower ends fixed to the polygonal base and fixedly connected to the support column via multiple crossbars; the crossbars between the reinforcing columns and the support column descending sequentially from top to bottom; a sampling platform horizontally fixed to the upper end of the support column; and a multi-channel water pump. It is set on a sampling platform; multiple conduits, one end of which is connected to multiple inlets of a multi-channel water pump, and the other end of which extends to multiple crossbars, with each conduit corresponding to one of the crossbars; a sampling box, which includes a box body; multiple sampling tubes, which are arranged sequentially inside the sampling box, with each of the multiple outlets of the multi-channel water pump corresponding to one of the inlets of the sampling tubes; multiple water quality monitoring components, which are evenly spaced on the multiple crossbars, each water quality monitoring component including a housing II; a water quality sensor group II and a water level sensor II, which are set inside the housing II, with the detection end of the water quality sensor group extending outward from the housing II; and a filter cover II, which covers the detection ends of the water quality sensor group II and the water level sensor II. The sampling box further includes: an inner liner, which is embedded inside the sampling box, and the height of the inner liner is greater than the height of the sampling box; multiple water inlet holes I, which are evenly spaced at the bottom of the inner liner; multiple short water inlet tubes, which are arranged vertically in sequence on the inner bottom surface of the sampling box, and the multiple short water inlet tubes extend upwards, with their upper ends closed, and each of the multiple short water inlet tubes is detachably inserted into the multiple water inlet holes I; multiple water inlets, which are evenly opened on the side walls of the multiple short water inlet tubes and are located near the upper ends of the multiple short water inlet tubes; the lower ends of the multiple short water inlet tubes are connected to the outlet of the multi-channel water pump I through a pipe; and multiple sampling tubes are evenly spaced inside the inner liner through a test tube rack, and any one of the multiple sampling tubes... A sampling tube also includes a lifting valve, which includes an inlet port II, which is opened at the bottom of any sampling tube; a sleeve, the lower end of which is fixed to the bottom of any sampling tube, and the opening of the sleeve is set directly opposite the inlet port II, the inner diameter of the sleeve is greater than or equal to the diameter of the inlet port II; a cap tube, which is detachably fastened to the sleeve, and the height of the cap tube is less than the height of the sleeve, the inner diameter of the cross section of the cap tube is greater than the outer diameter of the cross section of the sleeve; at least one pair of return springs, which are evenly spaced around the cap tube, and the lower ends of at least one pair of return springs are fixed to the bottom of any sampling tube, and the upper ends of at least one pair of return springs are fixed to the cap tube; the bottoms of the plurality of sampling tubes are detachably sleeved on the plurality of short inlet pipes, and the plurality of inlets protrude from the sleeve. Multiple groundwater sensor assemblies are respectively arranged at the boundary of the mining area and at the aquifers around multiple mining area water discharge inlets. Each groundwater sensor assembly includes a water quality sensor group III and a water level sensor III. The monitoring center includes a data acquisition unit, which periodically collects monitoring data from multiple surface water sensor components, multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices, and multiple underground sensor components; a database, which acquires and stores the monitoring data collected by the data acquisition unit; a data processing module, which checks the integrity of the monitoring data obtained from the database and obtains the check results; and an early warning module, which acquires monitoring data in real time and compares the monitoring data with preset water quality parameters, water level, and flow rate thresholds to obtain the comparison results. If the comparison result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring data is issued; if the comparison result returns "0", the acquisition of comparison results continues. The early warning module also acquires the check results from the data processing module. If the check result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring equipment is issued; if the check result returns "0", the acquisition of check results continues.

2. The mining area water environment monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple groundwater sampling and monitoring devices are evenly arranged near multiple groundwater sensor components. Each groundwater sampling and monitoring device includes: a sampling platform II, which is located at the upper port of the groundwater monitoring well; a multi-channel water pump II, which is installed on the sampling platform II; multiple conduits II, one end of which is connected to multiple inlets of the multi-channel water pump II, and the other end of the multiple conduits II extends into the groundwater monitoring well and is submerged in the water body; a sampling box II, which includes a box body II; multiple sampling tubes II, which are arranged sequentially in the sampling box II, and the multiple outlets of the multi-channel water pump II are connected to the inlets of the multiple sampling tubes II in a one-to-one correspondence; and a filter cover III, which covers the inlets of the multiple conduits II.

3. The mining area water environment monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple floating balls are evenly spaced and arranged around the outer perimeter of the sampling platform.

4. The mining area water environment monitoring system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The ratio of the number of multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices to the number of multiple surface water sensor components is 1:2 to 1:

4. The ratio of the number of groundwater sampling and monitoring devices to the number of groundwater sensor components is 1:3 to 1:

5.

5. The mining area water environment monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Water quality sensor group I includes: pH sensor, dissolved oxygen sensor, ammonia nitrogen sensor and heavy metal sensor; water quality sensor group II includes pH sensor and heavy metal sensor; water quality sensor group III includes pH sensor, heavy metal sensor, fluoride sensor and chloride sensor.

6. The mining area water environment monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Upstream of the river in the mining area, at least two surface water sensor assemblies and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device shall be installed. At multiple mine water discharge outlets in the middle reaches of the river in the mining area, at least one surface water sensor assembly and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device are installed respectively. Five surface water sensor assemblies and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device are evenly distributed in a water area of ​​less than or equal to 1000 around the multiple mine water discharge outlets. Downstream of the river in the mining area, at least four surface water sensor assemblies and at least one surface water sampling and monitoring device shall be installed.

7. A monitoring method for a mining area water environment monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Deploy multiple surface water sensor components and multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices at multiple mine water discharge inlets in the upstream, midstream, and downstream sections of the river in the mining area; set up groundwater monitoring wells around the boundary of the mining area and multiple mine water discharge inlets, install multiple groundwater sensor components in the groundwater monitoring wells, and set up data acquisition devices in the mining area. The data acquisition devices are communicatively connected to the multiple surface water sensor components, multiple surface water sampling and monitoring devices, and multiple groundwater sensor components. Step 2: The monitoring center establishes a communication connection with the data acquisition unit and periodically acquires monitoring data, storing the monitoring data in the database; Step 3: The early warning module is used to acquire monitoring data in real time and compare the monitoring data with the preset water quality parameters, water level and flow thresholds to obtain the comparison results. If the comparison result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring data is issued. If the comparison result returns "0", the comparison result is acquired again. The early warning module is also used to acquire the inspection results of the data processing module. If the inspection result returns "1", an early warning command for abnormal monitoring equipment is issued. If the inspection result returns "0", the inspection result is acquired again.

8. The monitoring method of the mining area water environment monitoring system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Anomaly monitoring instructions include the monitoring center sending SMS or email notifications to relevant mobile terminal devices via wireless transmission network, and issuing audible and visual alarms through the monitoring station of the monitoring center. At the same time, the monitoring station displays detailed warning information, including the warning time, warning location, and warning parameter values. Equipment anomaly commands include the monitoring center sending SMS or email notifications to relevant mobile terminal devices via wireless transmission network, and issuing audible and visual alarms through the monitoring console of the monitoring center. At the same time, the monitoring console displays detailed warning information, including the warning time, the location of the abnormal equipment, and the abnormal parameter values.

9. The monitoring method of the mining area water environment monitoring system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Multiple groundwater sensor modules are evenly spaced at intervals of 100-200 meters along the boundary of the mining area; Multiple groundwater sensor modules are evenly spaced 20-50 meters around the water inlets of multiple mining areas.

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