Planning method suitable for mechanical ecological tea garden

Abstract

The invention provides a planning method for a mechanical ecological tea garden, which comprises the following steps: firstly, calculating by combining the size of the tea garden and the size of an operation machine with empirical parameters to obtain the line number range of mechanical tea ridges, and then performing modular calculation according to the planned number of the mechanical tea ridges among the ecological tea ridges to obtain the number of the ecological tea ridges and the corresponding number of the mechanical tea ridges; the row spacing between the machine-suitable tea ridges and the ecological tea ridges is obtained, the minimum action radius of the sprinkling irrigation equipment is calculated, the number needed by the sprinkling irrigation equipment is calculated, and the construction of the tea garden and the arrangement of the equipment are carried out according to the parameters. According to the planning method provided by the invention, the operation requirements of tea garden machinery and the landscape requirements of the ecological tea garden are considered, and a solution is provided for building the efficient, economic and mechanical ecological tea garden with a high space utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tea garden planning, and in particular to a planning method for a mechanized tea garden. Background Art

[0002] Affected by the geographical environment and planting patterns of tea gardens, the overall production environment of old tea gardens is deteriorating. Optimizing the ecological environment of tea gardens is one of the key issues that need to be addressed in the current construction and management of tea gardens. As the preferred direction for the reconstruction and construction of tea gardens, ecological tea gardens are currently in great demand for reconstruction, but there is still a lack of systematic and practical planning and reconstruction methods. At the same time, tea production has problems such as low automation and intelligence, and low efficiency of manual operations, which restrict the high-quality development of the tea industry. The establishment of mechanized tea gardens has become an important means to increase tea production and quality and improve the economic benefits of tea farmers.

[0003] At present, in the process of building new tea gardens, there are two options: ecological tea gardens and mechanized tea gardens. However, it is difficult to take both options into account at the same time during implementation. There is a conflict between the ecological construction of tea gardens and the efficient application of tea garden machinery. At the same time, related facilities and equipment related to the optimization of the tea garden ecological environment, such as interplanting trees, drip irrigation, frost fans, insecticidal lamps, sticky insect boards, and meteorological stations, have been widely promoted. In the management of tea garden pruning, farming, and picking, the application scope of related machinery is also expanding. However, the field layout of the above-mentioned facilities and equipment is mostly scattered, with a disorderly layout, occupying the space of tea rows. At the same time, due to the influence of spatial scope, there are still certain obstacles to the comprehensive application of tea garden management machinery, which is not conducive to the smooth implementation of mechanized management of tea gardens. Mechanization also causes other trees in tea gardens to be removed, which is not conducive to the overall landscape construction of tea gardens and the maintenance of tea garden biodiversity. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the invention is to provide an efficient planning method for a mechanized ecological tea garden.

[0005] Technical solution: A planning method for a mechanized ecological tea garden, including the following steps:

[0006] (1) Calculate the range of rows suitable for machine-grown tea according to the length of the tea garden:

[0007]

[0008]

[0009] In the formula: LN min is the minimum number of rows of suitable machine-made tea ridges, LNmax is the maximum number of rows of suitable machine-made tea ridges, Round is the rounding function, H is the length of the tea garden, RW max is the maximum suitable machine width, RY min is the minimum operating width of the equipment, a and b are both empirical parameters;

[0010] (2) Set 6, 8 or 10 rows of mechanized tea ridges between every two ecological tea ridges. According to the range of the number of rows of mechanized tea ridges, determine the number of rows of ecological tea ridges N. s The number of rows of suitable tea ridges N a :

[0011] M T =[LN min ,...,LN max ] T mod[10,8,6]

[0012] K T = int([LN min ,...,LN max ] T div[10,8,6])

[0013] Where: M T is the residual matrix after the remainder of the appropriate machine, mod is the remainder function; K T is the reference matrix of the number of ecological tea ridge rows, div is the division function;

[0014] Assume M T Elements less than or equal to 2 are valid positions, and K is taken T The smallest element corresponding to the valid position is taken as the number of rows N of the ecological tea ridge s , and the number of rows of suitable tea ridges N is obtained a , the number of ecological tea ridges N s The corresponding modulus value is the number of rows of suitable tea ridges N between two ecological tea ridges. a ′;

[0015] (3) According to the number of ecological tea ridges N s 、N number of rows of suitable tea ridges a and the number of rows of mechanical tea ridges N between two ecological tea ridges a ′, calculate the row spacing of mechanical tea ridges and ecological tea ridges:

[0016]

[0017]

[0018] Where: H a The optimum row spacing for machine-made tea is H s is the row spacing of ecological tea ridges, H is the length of the tea garden, and c is an empirical parameter;

[0019] (4) Calculate the minimum effective radius of sprinkler irrigation equipment:

[0020]

[0021] Where: R p is the minimum effective radius;

[0022] According to the minimum effective radius R of the sprinkler equipment p The sprinkler heads of the sprinkler irrigation equipment are arranged in a rectangular array in the ecological tea ridge, and the distance between two adjacent sprinkler irrigation equipment is According to the width of the tea garden, calculate the number of sprinkler irrigation equipment set up for each row of ecological tea ridges:

[0023] NPD = roundup (W / 2R p )

[0024] Where: NPD is the number of sprinkler irrigation equipment installed in each row of ecological tea ridges, roundup is the upward rounding function, and W is the width of the tea garden;

[0025] (5) According to the number of ecological tea ridges, the number of mechanized tea ridges, the row spacing of mechanized tea ridges, the row spacing of ecological tea ridges and the spacing and number of sprinkler irrigation equipment in the tea garden, the tea garden is marked and trenches are dug. Sprinkler irrigation pipes and power transmission lines are laid on the ecological tea ridges, tea garden equipment is installed, and landscape trees are planted. Single rows of tea trees are planted on the mechanized tea ridges.

[0026] Preferably, the above method also includes the following steps: given a threshold value of the minimum effective radius of the tea garden equipment, comparing the effective radius of all tea garden equipment with the threshold value, and replacing the tea garden equipment with an effective radius less than the threshold value with the same type of tea garden equipment with an effective radius greater than or equal to the threshold value.

[0027] Preferably, the threshold of the minimum operating radius of the tea garden equipment is 8-15m.

[0028] Specifically, in step (2), take K T The smallest element corresponding to the valid position is taken as the number of rows N of the ecological tea ridge s When there are multiple minimum elements, select the minimum element with the largest number of rows among the multiple minimum elements.

[0029] Specifically, tea garden equipment includes insect control equipment, sprinkler equipment, frost prevention equipment, monitoring equipment, positioning equipment and power supply equipment.

[0030] Preferably, the width of the ecological tea ridge is 1.0-1.4m.

[0031] Preferably, a beacon is set in the middle of each row of tea ridges.

[0032] Preferably, the spacing between landscape trees is the same as the minimum effective radius of the sprinkler equipment.

[0033] Preferably, the width of the trench for the ecological tea ridge is 50-70 cm and the depth is 60-80 cm.

[0034] Preferably, the empirical parameters are a=1.07, b=1.05, c=1.05.

[0035] Beneficial effect: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant effects: firstly, the present invention provides a specific planning and calculation method based on the size of the tea garden and the parameters of the tea garden equipment, rationally plans the size and distribution of mechanized tea ridges and ecological tea ridges, and the distribution of tea garden equipment, taking into account the operation requirements of tea garden machinery and the landscape requirements of ecological tea gardens, and providing a solution for the construction of efficient, economical, and high-space-utilization mechanized ecological tea gardens. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic plan view of the mechanized ecological tea garden of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden, comprising the following steps:

[0041] (1) Calculate the range of rows suitable for machine-grown tea ridges based on the length of the tea garden H:

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] In the formula: LN min is the minimum number of rows of suitable machine-made tea ridges, LNmax is the maximum number of rows of suitable machine-made tea ridges, Round is the rounding function, H is the length of the tea garden, RW max is the maximum suitable machine width, RY min is the minimum operating width of the equipment, which is set according to the maximum width of the operating machinery. a and b are both empirical parameters.

[0045] (2) Set 6, 8 or 10 rows of mechanized tea ridges between every two ecological tea ridges. According to the range of the number of rows of mechanized tea ridges, determine the number of ecological tea ridges and the number of mechanized tea ridges:

[0046] M T =[LN min ,...,LN max ] T mod[10,8,6]

[0047] K T= int([LN min ,...,LN max ] T div[10,8,6])

[0048] Where: M T is the residual matrix after the remainder of the appropriate machine, mod is the remainder function; K T is the reference matrix of the number of ecological tea ridge rows, div is the division function;

[0049] Assume M T Elements less than or equal to 2 are valid positions, and K is taken T The smallest element corresponding to the valid position is taken as the number of rows N of the ecological tea ridge s , if there are multiple minimum elements, select the number of rows N corresponding to the multiple minimum elements a The largest minimum element; N s The corresponding modulus value is the number of rows of suitable tea ridges N between two ecological tea ridges. a ′.

[0050] (3) According to the number of ecological tea ridges N s 、N number of rows of suitable tea ridges a and the number of rows of mechanical tea ridges N between two ecological tea ridges a ′, calculate the row spacing of mechanical tea ridges and ecological tea ridges:

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] Where: H a The optimum row spacing for machine-made tea is H s is the row spacing of ecological tea ridges, H is the length of the tea garden, and c is an empirical parameter.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the row spacing of the tea ridges should be H a The row spacing H is the sum of the width of the mechanical tea ridge and the width of the single-row mechanical operation aisle. s It is the sum of the width of the ecological tea ridge and the width of the single-row mechanical operation aisle.

[0055] (4) Calculate the minimum effective radius of the sprinkler irrigation equipment, which is the minimum spray radius of the sprinkler head under the pressure at the end of the sprinkler irrigation equipment pipeline:

[0056]

[0057] Where: R p is the minimum effective radius;

[0058] According to the minimum effective radius R of the sprinkler equipmentp The sprinkler heads of the sprinkler irrigation equipment are arranged in a rectangular array in the ecological tea ridge, and the distance between two adjacent sprinkler irrigation equipment is According to the width of the tea garden, calculate the number of sprinkler irrigation equipment set up for each row of ecological tea ridges:

[0059] NPD = roundup (W / 2R p )

[0060] Where: NPD is the number of sprinkler irrigation equipment installed in each row of ecological tea ridges, roundup is the upward rounding function, and W is the width of the tea garden.

[0061] (5) Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, according to the above-calculated number of ecological tea ridge rows, number of machine-friendly tea ridge rows, row spacing of machine-friendly tea ridges, row spacing of ecological tea ridges and the spacing and number of sprinkler irrigation equipment in the tea garden, the tea garden is marked and trenched, sprinkler irrigation equipment pipes are laid on the ecological tea ridges, power transmission lines are laid, tea garden equipment is installed, landscape trees are planted, and fertilizer is applied on the machine-friendly tea ridges.

[0062] In this embodiment, the tea garden equipment includes insect control equipment, sprinkler equipment, frost prevention equipment, monitoring equipment, positioning equipment and power supply equipment. Common insect control equipment includes yellow baskets, insect killer lamps, sex attractants, etc. The sprinkler equipment includes sprinkler heads and matching water supply pipes. The frost prevention equipment is an intelligent frost prevention fan. The monitoring equipment includes video monitoring and weather stations, etc. The positioning equipment includes beacons and other positioning devices. The power supply equipment includes charging connectors and transmission lines, etc.

[0063] When selecting equipment, a threshold value of the minimum effective radius of the tea garden equipment is given, and the effective radius of all tea garden equipment is compared with the threshold value, and the tea garden equipment with an effective radius less than the threshold value is replaced with the same type of tea garden equipment with an effective radius greater than or equal to the threshold value. In this embodiment, the threshold value of the minimum operating radius of the tea garden equipment is 8-15m; the total width of the ecological tea ridge is 1.0-1.4m, the width of the trench of the ecological tea ridge is 50-70cm, and the depth is 60-80cm. Taking into account the cost and effect, the spacing of landscape tree planting is the same as the minimum effective radius of the sprinkler equipment.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment illustrates the planning method of the mechanized ecological tea garden described in Example 1 based on a specific implementation scenario.

[0066] In this embodiment, a certain park needs to build a mechanized ecological tea garden with a flat terrain, an east-west length of H=350m, a north-south width of W=78m, and planting in the north-south direction. The equipment required to be deployed include: sprinkler equipment, frost-proof fans, insect-killing lamps, and yellow backboards. The tea garden operation is planned to adopt cross-row tea garden management machinery operation.

[0067] The parameters of the above equipment are: the sprinkler equipment is connected to the sprinkler equipment water pipe with a terminal pressure of 0.4MPa, the sprinkler equipment nozzle operating radius is 10-15m; the effective radius of the anti-frost fan is 16-20m; the effective radius of the insect killer lamp is 15-18m; the yellow backboard is a temporary material and can be set in the beacon of the machine-friendly tea ridge for a short period of time according to needs; from the analysis of equipment parameters, it can be seen that the sprinkler equipment has the smallest operating radius, and the minimum span width of the tea garden management machinery to be used in the tea garden is RY min 1.7m, maximum RW max It is 1.79m.

[0068] Calculate the total number of rows of Yiji tea ridges based on the above parameters:

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] In this embodiment, the empirical parameters are a=1.07, b=1.05.

[0072] Determine the number of ecological tea ridges based on the row number calculation results:

[0073] M T =[183,184,…,195,196] T mod[10,8,6]

[0074] K T =int([183,184,…,195,196] T div[10,8,6])

[0075] M T The calculation results are shown in Table 1:

[0076] Table 1

[0077] <![CDATA[M T ]]> 196 195 194 193 192 191 190 189 188 187 186 185 184 183 10 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 8 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 4 3 2 1 0 5 4 3 2 1 0 5 4 3

[0078] Elements less than or equal to 2 in Table 1 are valid positions, K T The calculation results are shown in Table 2:

[0079] Table 2

[0080] <![CDATA[K T ]]> 196 195 194 193 192 191 190 189 188 187 186 185 184 183 10 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 8 24 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 22 6 32 32 32 32 32 31 31 31 31 31 31 30 30 30

[0081] According to the selection rule of step (2) of Example 1, the K corresponding to the effective position in this embodiment is T The minimum element value is 19, corresponding to the number of ecological tea ridges N s = 19 rows, corresponding to 3 valid positions, of which N is the number of rows suitable for machine tea ridges aThe maximum number is 192 rows, so the configuration of this embodiment is a combination of 19 rows of ecological tea ridges and 192 rows of mechanized tea ridges. During implementation, the unevenly distributed 12 rows of ecological tea ridges can be set at the very edge, or the total number of rows can be adjusted to 190 rows according to the site design.

[0082] According to the number of ecological tea ridges and the number of mechanized tea ridges between two ecological tea ridges, N a ′=10 rows, calculate the row spacing H for machine-made tea ridges a And ecological tea ridge row spacing H s :

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] In this embodiment, the empirical parameter c=1.05.

[0086] Calculate the minimum effective radius R of sprinkler irrigation equipment p :

[0087]

[0088] In actual use, the minimum spray radius of the sprinkler head should be greater than or equal to the minimum effective radius R of the sprinkler equipment. p , calculate the number of sprinkler irrigation equipment set up for each row of ecological tea ridges:

[0089]

[0090] Therefore, in this embodiment, three sprinklers are evenly spaced on each ecological tea ridge, and the total number of sprinklers in the tea garden is 57.

[0091] According to the above calculated number of ecological tea ridges, number of machine-friendly tea ridges, row spacing of machine-friendly tea ridges, row spacing of ecological tea ridges and spacing and number of sprinkler irrigation equipment, the tea garden is marked and trenched, sprinkler irrigation equipment pipes are laid on the ecological tea ridges, power transmission lines are laid, frost-proof fans, insect-killing lamps, yellow backboards and other tea garden equipment are installed, and landscape trees are planted. The width of the central equipment ridge of the ecological tea ridge is 30 cm, and the equipment is concentrated in the equipment ridge. The planting interval of landscape trees is consistent with the minimum action radius R of the sprinkler irrigation equipment. p Similarly, the branch height of landscape trees is 2.0-2.4m; fertilizer is added on the machine-friendly tea ridges, and single-row tea seedlings are planted. A 30cm×30cm tea garden beacon is set in the middle of each row of machine-friendly tea ridges. When additional pest control is needed, a yellow basket is set in the tea garden beacon.

Claims

1. A method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Calculate the range of rows suitable for machine-grown tea according to the length of the tea garden: In the formula: LN min is the minimum number of rows of suitable machine-made tea ridges, LNmax is the maximum number of rows of suitable machine-made tea ridges, Round is the rounding function, H is the length of the tea garden, RW max is the maximum suitable machine width, RY min is the minimum operating width of the equipment, a and b are both empirical parameters; (2) Set 6, 8 or 10 rows of mechanized tea ridges between every two ecological tea ridges. According to the range of the number of rows of mechanized tea ridges, determine the number of rows of ecological tea ridges N. s The number of rows of suitable tea ridges N a : M T =[LN min ,…,LN max ] T mod[10,8,6] K T =int([LN min ,…,LN max ] T div[10,8,6]) Where: M T is the residual matrix after the remainder of the appropriate machine, mod is the remainder function; K T is the reference matrix of the number of ecological tea ridge rows, div is the division function; Assume M T Elements less than or equal to 2 are valid positions, and K is taken T The smallest element corresponding to the valid position is taken as the number of rows N of the ecological tea ridge s , and the number of rows of suitable tea ridges N is obtained a , the number of ecological tea ridges N s The corresponding modulus value is the number of rows of suitable tea ridges N between two ecological tea ridges. a ′; (3) According to the number of ecological tea ridges N s 、N number of rows of suitable tea ridges a and the number of rows of mechanical tea ridges N between two ecological tea ridges a ′, calculate the row spacing of mechanical tea ridges and ecological tea ridges: Where: H a The optimum row spacing for machine-made tea is H s is the row spacing of ecological tea ridges, H is the length of the tea garden, and c is an empirical parameter; (4) Calculate the minimum effective radius of sprinkler irrigation equipment: Where: R p is the minimum effective radius; According to the minimum effective radius R of the sprinkler equipment p The sprinkler heads of the sprinkler irrigation equipment are arranged in a rectangular array in the ecological tea ridge, and the distance between two adjacent sprinkler irrigation equipment is According to the width of the tea garden, calculate the number of sprinkler irrigation equipment set up for each row of ecological tea ridges: NPD=roundup(W / 2R p ) Where: NPD is the number of sprinkler irrigation equipment installed in each row of ecological tea ridges, roundup is the upward rounding function, and W is the width of the tea garden; (5) Marking and trenching operations are carried out in the tea garden according to the number of ecological tea ridges, the number of mechanized tea ridges, the row spacing of mechanized tea ridges, the row spacing of ecological tea ridges, and the spacing and number of sprinkler irrigation equipment.

2. The method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Given a threshold value of the minimum effective radius of tea garden equipment, the effective radius of all tea garden equipment is compared with the threshold value, and the tea garden equipment with an effective radius smaller than the threshold value is replaced with the same type of tea garden equipment with an effective radius greater than or equal to the threshold value.

3. The method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden according to claim 2, characterized in that: The threshold value of the minimum operating radius of the tea garden equipment is 8-15m.

4. The method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), take K T The smallest element corresponding to the valid position is taken as the number of rows N of the ecological tea ridge s When there are multiple minimum elements, select the minimum element with the largest number of rows among the multiple minimum elements.

5. The method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tea garden equipment includes insect prevention equipment, sprinkler irrigation equipment, frost prevention equipment, monitoring equipment, positioning equipment and power supply equipment.

6. The method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the ecological tea ridge is 1.0-1.4m.

7. The method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: A beacon is set in the middle of each row of tea ridges.

8. The method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting spacing of the landscape trees is the same as the minimum effective radius of the sprinkler equipment.

9. The method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the trench of the ecological tea ridge is 50-70 cm, and the depth is 60-80 cm.

10. The method for planning a mechanized ecological tea garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The empirical parameters are a=1.07, b=1.05, c=1.05.

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