Novel four-arm spiral beam forming antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel four-arm spiral beam forming antenna, and belongs to the field of beam forming antennas. The antenna also comprises a spiral antenna, an antenna medium support cone, a coaxial feed section inner conductor, a power division inner conductor and a total port pin. The coaxial feed input port is electrically connected with a main port contact pin, the main port contact pin is fixedly connected with a power division inner conductor, the power division inner conductor is electrically connected with a coaxial feed section inner conductor, and the coaxial feed section inner conductor is connected with a spiral antenna; wherein the helical antenna is of a four-arm type, a groove is formed in the surface of the antenna medium supporting cone, the groove spirally extends along the axis of the cone, and the helical antenna is connected with the groove in an embedded mode. Through the conical spiral structure, the large-angle gain is higher than 6dBi, and a fixed forming wave beam with 0dBi gain is realized at 0 degree. The invention relates to a four-arm conical helical antenna for rotary feeding. The antenna is high in gain, good in axial ratio, wide in wave beam and excellent in electrical performance parameter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an isoflux beamforming antenna, in particular to a novel four-arm spiral beamforming antenna. Background Art

[0002] A shaped beam antenna refers to a reflector antenna that uses a reflector to generate a specific shape of radiation pattern (the directivity changes according to the approximate square cosecant law with the angle of deviation from the vertical axis). The isoflux beamforming antenna is mainly used in the field of satellite navigation enhancement, and has great potential in situations requiring gain compensation such as high-precision satellite navigation and high-altitude applications. A coaxially fed double-arm helical shaped antenna in the prior art has the disadvantage of a relatively poor beam axis. A self-helical beamforming antenna in the prior art has the disadvantage of poor overlap of the shaped beam radiation pattern sections. A bottom-rotating fed helical antenna in the prior art has the disadvantage of a narrow antenna beam and low gain.

[0003] Traditional array antenna shaping has high design complexity, large antenna size, heavy weight, and increased production costs, and cannot meet the application requirements of lightweight and small-size antennas.

[0004] The present invention provides a fixed shaped beam which mainly realizes a gain higher than 6dBi at ±66 degrees and a gain of 0dBi at 0 degrees through a conical spiral structure. A four-arm conical spiral antenna with rotational feeding has high gain, good axial ratio, wide beam and excellent electrical performance parameters. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention aims to provide a novel four-arm spiral beam-forming antenna, which is small in size and easy to process; can achieve large-angle and high-gain equal-flux fixed beamforming; the antenna has good circular polarization performance and a wider axial ratio beam width.

[0006] Solutions for solving problems

[0007] A novel four-arm helical beamforming antenna, comprising: a coaxial feed input port; and further comprising: a helical antenna, an antenna dielectric support cone, a coaxial feed section inner conductor, a power divider inner conductor and a main port pin;

[0008] The coaxial feed input port is electrically connected to the main port pin, the main port pin is fixedly connected to the power division inner conductor, the power division inner conductor is electrically connected to the coaxial feed section inner conductor, and the coaxial feed section inner conductor is connected to the helical antenna;

[0009] The helical antenna is of a four-arm type, a groove is provided on the surface of the antenna medium supporting cone, the groove extends spirally along the axis of the cone, and the helical antenna is embedded in the groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the helical antenna spirally extends along the bottom end of the antenna dielectric support cone to the top end.

[0011] Furthermore, the antenna dielectric support cone includes an upper cone and a lower cone that are integrally formed; the upper cone and the lower cone have different spiral diameter variations, different pitches, and different numbers of spiral turns.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes: a dielectric sleeve, which is sleeved on the top of the antenna dielectric support cone.

[0013] Furthermore, an antenna mounting substrate is provided at the lower end of the antenna dielectric support cone, and a hole is provided on the antenna mounting substrate for extending the inner conductor of the coaxial feed section, and the coaxial feed section dielectric is nested in the hole. The antenna mounting substrate is mounted to the bottom of the antenna dielectric support cone by a first screw, and the coaxial feed section dielectric is used for the inner conductor of the coaxial feed section to pass through.

[0014] Furthermore, a first power division dielectric plate, a second power division dielectric plate and a power division cover plate are sequentially arranged at the lower end of the antenna mounting substrate; first, the first power division dielectric plate and the second power division dielectric plate are sequentially installed at the bottom of the antenna mounting substrate; finally, the power division cover plate is installed at the bottom of the antenna mounting substrate using a second screw.

[0015] Furthermore, a power division inner conductor adapter hole is provided in the middle of the first power division dielectric plate for placing the power division inner conductor, an adapter hole suitable for the main port pin is provided in the middle of the second power division dielectric plate, and a hole is provided in the middle of the power division cover plate for electrically connecting the coaxial feed input port to the main port pin.

[0016] Furthermore, the main port pin is welded on the power divider inner conductor.

[0017] Beneficial effects:

[0018] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:

[0019] The present invention discloses a novel four-arm spiral beamforming antenna structure:

[0020] 1. The antenna is small and easy to process;

[0021] 2. Achieve large-angle and high-gain isoflux fixed beamforming;

[0022] 3. The antenna has good circular polarization performance and the axis is wider than the beam width. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the antenna structure;

[0024] Figure 2 is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna structure;

[0025] Figure 3 is the gain pattern of the antenna structure simulation result;

[0026] Figure 4 It is the axial ratio diagram of the antenna structure simulation results.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1- dielectric sleeve; 2- helical antenna; 3- antenna dielectric support column; 4- coaxial feed section inner conductor; 5- antenna mounting substrate; 6- coaxial feed section dielectric; 7- first screw; 8- first power division dielectric board; 9- power division inner conductor; 10- main port pin; 11- second power division dielectric board; 12- power division cover; 13- second screw; 14- coaxial feed input port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0030] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read them, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0031] At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] A novel four-arm helical beamforming antenna, comprising: a coaxial feed input port 1; and further comprising: a helical antenna 2, an antenna dielectric support cone 3, a coaxial feed section inner conductor 4, a power division inner conductor 9 and a main port pin 10;

[0034] The coaxial feed input port 1 is electrically connected to the main port pin 10, the main port pin 10 is fixedly connected to the power division inner conductor 9, the power division inner conductor 9 is electrically connected to the coaxial feed section inner conductor 4, and the coaxial feed section inner conductor 4 is connected to the helical antenna 2;

[0035] The helical antenna 2 is of four-arm type, a groove is provided on the surface of the antenna dielectric support cone 3, the groove extends spirally along the axis of the cone, the helical antenna 2 is embedded in the groove, and the antenna dielectric support cone 3 plays a role in fixing the helical antenna, which is not easy to cause deformation of the helical antenna;

[0036] Furthermore, the helical antenna 2 spirally extends along the bottom end of the antenna dielectric support cone 3 to the top end.

[0037] Furthermore, the antenna dielectric support cone 3 includes an upper cone and a lower cone formed in one piece; the upper cone and the lower cone have different spiral diameter variations, different pitches and different numbers of spiral turns.

[0038] Specifically, the number of turns: 4 turns for the upper cone, 2 turns for the lower cone; the change in spiral diameter: 0.5mm for the upper cone, 2mm for the lower cone; the pitch: about half the height of the wavelength.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes: a dielectric sleeve 1, which is sleeved on the top of the antenna dielectric support cone 3.

[0040] Furthermore, an antenna mounting substrate 5 is provided at the lower end of the antenna dielectric support cone 3, and a hole for the extension of the coaxial feed segment inner conductor 4 is opened on the antenna mounting substrate 5, and a coaxial feed segment dielectric 6 is nested in the hole. The antenna mounting substrate 5 is installed to the antenna dielectric support cone 3 by a first screw 7, and the coaxial feed segment dielectric 6 is used for the coaxial feed segment inner conductor 4 to pass through. The coaxial feed segment dielectric 6 can also support the coaxial feed segment inner conductor 4 to prevent it from being deformed.

[0041] Furthermore, a first power division dielectric plate 8, a second power division dielectric plate 11 and a power division cover plate 12 are sequentially provided at the lower end of the antenna mounting substrate 5; first, the first power division dielectric plate 8 and the second power division dielectric plate 11 are sequentially installed at the bottom of the antenna mounting substrate 5; finally, the power division cover plate 12 is installed at the bottom of the antenna mounting substrate 5 using a second screw 13.

[0042] Furthermore, the first power division dielectric plate 8 has a power division inner conductor 9 adapter hole in the middle for placing the power division inner conductor 9, the second power division dielectric plate 11 has an adapter hole suitable for the main port pin 10 in the middle, and the power division cover plate 12 has a hole in the middle for electrically connecting the coaxial feed input port 1 to the main port pin 10. The power division inner conductor 9 is a stripline inner conductor, realizing a stripline feeding network with equal amplitude and 90° phase difference.

[0043] Furthermore, the main port pin 10 is welded on the power division inner conductor 9 .

[0044] Embodiment 2:

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, four helical antennas 2 are installed into the antenna dielectric support cone 3, and then the dielectric sleeve 1 is screwed into the antenna dielectric support cone 3 to fix the top of the four helical antennas. The antenna mounting substrate 5 and the antenna dielectric support cone 3 are fixed with four M3 PI plastic screws 7 (first screws), and then the coaxial feeding section dielectric 6 is installed into the antenna mounting substrate 5, and the power division dielectric plate 8 and the power division inner conductor 9 are installed into the antenna mounting substrate in sequence, and the coaxial feeding section inner conductor 4 is welded to the power division inner conductor 9, and the main port pin 10 is welded to the power division inner conductor 9. After the power division dielectric plate 11 is installed into the antenna mounting substrate 5, the power division cover plate 12 is fixed to the antenna mounting substrate 5 with 6 M3 metal screws (second screws 13), and finally the feed input port 14 is plugged into the main port pin 10 and fixed with screws. The antenna structure is assembled.

[0046] Embodiment 3:

[0047] Definition of the antenna's axial ratio: The endpoint trajectory of the instantaneous electric field vector of an arbitrary polarized wave is an ellipse. The ratio of the major axis 2A to the minor axis 2B of the ellipse is called the axial ratio AR (Axial Ratio). The axial ratio is an important performance indicator of a circularly polarized antenna. It represents the purity of circular polarization. The bandwidth with an axial ratio of no more than 3dB is defined as the circular polarization bandwidth of the antenna. It is an important indicator to measure the difference in signal gain of the entire device in different directions.

[0048] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the conical spiral structure achieves a fixed beam with a gain of more than 6dBi at ±66 degrees and a gain of 0dBi at 0 degrees. The four-arm conical spiral antenna with rotational feeding has high gain, good axial ratio, wide beam and excellent electrical performance parameters.

[0049] It can be understood that the large-angle beam gain of the present invention can reach more than 6dBi, and the gain at 0° can reach 0dBi; the antenna axial ratio bandwidth 3dB can reach ±70°, and the antenna ±66° internal surface overlap is high, less than 0.5dB.

Claims

1. A novel four-arm helical beamforming antenna, comprising: A coaxial feed input port (1); characterized in that it also includes: a helical antenna (2), an antenna dielectric support cone (3), a coaxial feed section inner conductor (4), a power divider inner conductor (9) and a main port pin (10); The coaxial feed input port (1) is electrically connected to a main port pin (10), the main port pin (10) is fixedly connected to a power division inner conductor (9), the power division inner conductor (9) is electrically connected to a coaxial feed section inner conductor (4), and the coaxial feed section inner conductor (4) is connected to a helical antenna (2); The helical antenna (2) is of a four-arm type, a groove is provided on the surface of the antenna medium supporting cone (3), the groove extends helically along the axis of the cone, and the helical antenna (2) is embedded in the groove.

2. According to claim 1, a novel quadrifilar helical beamforming antenna is characterized in that: The helical antenna (2) spirally extends along the bottom end of the antenna dielectric support cone (3) to the top end.

3. According to the novel quadrifilar helical beamforming antenna of claim 1, it is characterized in that: The antenna dielectric support cone (3) comprises an upper cone and a lower cone which are integrally formed; the spiral diameter variation, spiral pitch and spiral turns of the upper cone and the lower cone are all different.

4. The novel quadrifilar helical beamforming antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A dielectric sleeve (1), wherein the dielectric sleeve (1) is sleeved on the top of the antenna dielectric support cone (3).

5. The novel quadrifilar helical beamforming antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: An antenna mounting substrate (5) is provided at the lower end of the antenna dielectric support cone (3); a hole for the extension of the coaxial feed section inner conductor (4) is provided on the antenna mounting substrate (5); a coaxial feed section dielectric (6) is nested in the hole; the antenna mounting substrate (5) is mounted to the bottom of the antenna dielectric support cone (3) by means of a first screw (7); and the coaxial feed section dielectric (6) is used for the coaxial feed section inner conductor (4) to pass through.

6. The novel quadrifilar helical beamforming antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first power division dielectric plate (8), a second power division dielectric plate (11) and a power division cover plate (12) are sequentially arranged at the lower end of the antenna mounting substrate (5); firstly, the first power division dielectric plate (8) and the second power division dielectric plate (11) are sequentially mounted on the bottom of the antenna mounting substrate (5); and finally, the power division cover plate (12) is mounted on the bottom of the antenna mounting substrate (5) using a second screw (13).

7. The novel quadrifilar helical beamforming antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first power division dielectric plate (8) has a power division inner conductor (9) adapter hole in the middle for placing the power division inner conductor (9), the second power division dielectric plate (11) has an adapter hole suitable for the main port pin (10) in the middle, and the power division cover plate (12) has a hole in the middle for electrically connecting the coaxial feed input port (1) to the main port pin (10).

8. The novel quadrifilar helical beamforming antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main port pin (10) is welded on the power division inner conductor (9).

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