Charging system of real-time monitoring system for superficial implantation of human body

Abstract

The invention belongs to but is not limited to the technical field of charging systems, and particularly relates to a charging system of a real-time monitoring system for human body superficial layer implantation, which comprises an external function device and an in-vivo energy receiving device, the external energy supply device is divided into two types, namely a fixed charging station and a movable charging station; the movable charging station comprises a plurality of high-gain antennas, each antenna is independently controlled by an independent switch to be opened and closed, and a 180-degree radiation angle can be realized by controlling the combination of different antenna powers; the movable charging bench is designed to be in a wrist band shape, and only half of the movable charging bench is provided with the high-gain directional antenna. The in-vivo energy receiving device is partially implanted under the skin of the trunk of the patient and is used for measuring the physical state of the patient in real time and sending part of signals to the in-vitro information transfer station; and meanwhile, the wireless radio frequency energy from an external fixed or handheld portable charging table can be received and the battery in the wireless radio frequency energy charging device can be charged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to but is not limited to the technical field of charging systems, and in particular relates to a charging system for a real-time monitoring system implanted in a shallow layer of the human body. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of human science and technology, small implantable medical devices have become more and more common in life. Most existing small medical devices cannot be used after a one-time implantation until the battery is exhausted. Wireless charging technology is now widely used and is very suitable for the use of implantable medical devices. This technology can charge the implant without removing it, solving the problem that traditional medical devices need to undergo surgery again to replace the implant.

[0003] Traditional wireless charging technology uses the principle of electromagnetic mutual induction and can only be effective within a very limited distance. Electromagnetic radiation charging technology can achieve charging at a longer distance, with a higher degree of freedom for patients during charging and smaller implants, but the charging efficiency is lower. However, if the radiation power is increased blindly, it will interfere with nearby living or non-living things, or cause irreversible damage.

[0004] At the same time, due to the high energy consumption during communication, traditional subcutaneous implantable medical devices cannot communicate in real time if their service life needs to be guaranteed, otherwise their service life will be greatly reduced. Real-time communication can greatly improve the protection of patient users' safety, for example, a rescue team can be dispatched to rescue patients who are in danger of life.

[0005] Most of the existing human body signal continuous monitoring systems are wearable, which are suitable for continuous monitoring of human body conditions in a short period of time. If worn for a long time, it will cause inconvenience to the patient's life, and some may even cause a series of conditions such as skin allergies. However, the monitoring needs of patients are often long-term and uninterrupted 24 hours a day, so the existing wearable products cannot fully meet the needs of patients.

[0006] However, most of the existing implantable monitoring products cannot be charged, and the product life is guaranteed by large-capacity batteries and specially designed energy-saving circuits. However, due to the limited battery capacity, the battery life is generally short and cannot meet the needs of long-term work. If this leads to frequent removal and implantation, it will cause pain and inconvenience to patients. At the same time, due to energy limitations, existing implantable monitoring devices do not have real-time networking functions and cannot provide real-time protection for patient safety.

[0007] Existing wireless charging technologies mostly use electromagnetic mutual induction technology, which has a limited energy transmission distance and is prone to causing heat, posing a threat to human health.

[0008] In view of the above analysis, the technical problems that need to be solved urgently in the prior art are:

[0009] 1) The antenna and the external coating are placed protrudingly on the surface of the shell. After long-term use, the body fluids of the human body will inevitably cause corrosion of the external coating material, or even cause it to fall off, which is fatal to the patient.

[0010] 2) Due to the size of the monitor, the electrical size of the antenna (physical size divided by the wavelength) is very small, which results in a very low gain of the antenna. Low-gain antennas are extremely inefficient when transmitting energy, making it easier for the human body to absorb more electromagnetic energy and cause dangerous conditions such as temperature rise.

[0011] 3) The reflector of the antenna is placed inside the monitor, which will be disturbed by the electromagnetic waves emitted by the internal RF components, increasing the probability of working errors. At the same time, because the surface coating is very thin, changes in the environment near the antenna (such as corrosion by human body fluids causing the coating to become thinner) will result in antenna frequency shift, making the antenna unable to work within the normal frequency range, resulting in unpredictable dangers. Summary of the invention

[0012] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a charging system for a real-time monitoring system for shallow human body implants. By designing a more advanced charging system for electromagnetic radiation charging, the energy transmission efficiency is improved while ensuring the safety of patient users.

[0013] The present invention is implemented as follows: a charging system for a real-time monitoring system implanted shallowly in the human body, comprising an external functional device and an in-body energy receiving device;

[0014] There are two types of external energy supply devices: fixed charging stations and movable charging stations;

[0015] The portable charging station contains multiple high-gain antennas (the antenna type can be one-dimensional or two-dimensional antennas). Each antenna is independently controlled by an independent switch, and a 180° radiation angle can be achieved by controlling the combination of different antenna powers. The portable charging station is designed in the shape of a wristband. Only half of the portable charging station is equipped with the high-gain directional antenna. The outer shell of the antenna part is installed, and metal reflectors (gray shaded part) are installed on the skin-tight side (inside), the proximal side (elbow side) and the distal side (palm side), which can ensure the safety of the user while increasing its radiation efficiency. When the user uses it, the wearing method is restricted. The midpoint of the wristband with the antenna should be aligned with the bottom of the thumb to ensure that it is always aligned with the body trunk for charging.

[0016] The fixed station contains multiple high-gain antennas, each of which can be independently controlled by different switches. There are multiple buttons distributed around the fixed station, each of which can control an area of ​​a certain angle with the fixed station as the center. The user can select and press one or more of the buttons, which means that the implantable monitoring device that needs to be charged will mainly move within this range. At this time, the multiple high-gain antennas inside the fixed station will radiate with a specific power combination, so that the main coverage range of the radiation power meets the range specified by the user.

[0017] The in-body energy receiving device is partially implanted under the skin of the patient's torso to measure the patient's physical condition in real time and send some signals to an information transfer station outside the body. At the same time, it can receive wireless radio frequency energy from an external fixed or handheld portable charging station and charge its own internal battery.

[0018] Furthermore, when charging starts, the multiple antennas of the portable charging station will radiate energy for a short period of time in turn. At this time, the implanted device will transmit back the energy obtained during the independent radiation time period of each antenna, and use this as a basis to calculate the radiating antenna with the highest transmission efficiency at this time, thereby determining the main radiating antenna. The portable charging station is worn on the patient's body surface and is used to charge the energy receiving device in real time.

[0019] Furthermore, the fixed platform also includes one or more infrared sensors, which will appropriately reduce the transmission power when a human or other life form whose body temperature exceeds the ambient temperature approaches to ensure the safety of the life form. The fixed platform is fixed to the patient's usual residence, such as an office, bedroom or living room at home. No energy storage device is set in the fixed platform.

[0020] Furthermore, both the fixed and mobile charging stations contain:

[0021] 1) Power supply. The power supply of the mobile charging station is a portable, rechargeable, large-capacity lithium battery, and the power supply of the fixed station is a household 220V AC power supply. The large-capacity lithium battery can support the system operation for at least 1 day.

[0022] 2) Controller. The controller is responsible for modulating and editing the transmitted signal, demodulating and translating the received signal, and extracting the data. This data is then used to regulate the working efficiency of the various components inside the charging station. For example, by calculating the distance from the energy receiving device to control the direction and power of energy transmission to maximize the transmission capacity; or according to the data received from the cloud server, to adjust the parameters within the system. The controller is controlled by an embedded program.

[0023] 3) Signal transceiver antenna group. This antenna group is used to communicate with the cloud server and the energy receiving device. The received signal is input into the controller for translation, processing and application. The signal transceiver antenna group consists of two or more antennas and can exchange information with the energy receiving device in the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0024] 4) Multiple energy transmission antennas. The antenna group should consist of multiple high-gain antennas, as long as the reception range covers 360°. The radiation frequency of the energy transmission antenna is below 1GHz to reduce energy loss caused by distance and human body.

[0025] 5) Display system (e.g., status display LED or display screen). This system will show the user the power level and the connection and communication status of each instrument so that abnormal situations can be identified in real time.

[0026] Furthermore, the energy receiving device (hereinafter referred to as the device) includes a signal collector, a battery, necessary circuits (including a signal processing front end, a micro-computing unit, different functional circuits, etc.) and a thin-film antenna. Figure 3 It only shows the necessary components of the device, and does not limit their relative positions. The shell of the device is composed of two or more biocompatible materials (at least one of which is pure metal and one is non-metal or alloy), and 1-2 thin antennas are installed on the surface for receiving energy and sending information.

[0027] Furthermore, the sheet antenna is a planar reflective antenna, and the substrate and cover are made of a high dielectric constant biocompatible material (e.g., alumina, with a dielectric constant of 9.8) that can directly contact human skin, so as to facilitate the miniaturization design of the antenna. Between the substrate and the cover is a metal sheet engraved with a pattern, which is used to receive and radiate electromagnetic waves outward. The antenna uses the metal casing of the device as a ground plane. When worn by the patient, the main lobe direction of the antenna is toward the outside of the body, reducing obstruction and loss in the human body. Antennas with different radiation directions and polarization modes can have different assembly methods.

[0028] Furthermore, the antenna is attached to the outside of the device housing and is in direct contact with the skin, and is not covered or blocked by any metal material, such as Figure 4 As shown, the transmission efficiency is improved. The antenna shell material must contain one or more metal materials. The antenna uses this metal shell as a ground plane and reflects electromagnetic waves at the same time, enhancing the antenna's directivity and gain, and further improving energy transmission efficiency.

[0029] Furthermore, the thickness of the outer shell wall is greater than or equal to the skin depth. Specifically, according to the different materials of the metal outer shell, the skin depth of the material for electromagnetic waves can be determined at the beginning of the design. Designing the thickness of the outer shell wall to be greater than or equal to the skin depth can isolate the interference of the electronic components inside the energy receiving device to the antenna radiation and reflect the electromagnetic waves.

[0030] Furthermore, the shape of the groove is specially designed to be a concave lens shape (cross-sectional shape), and the antenna is located at its focal position. The thickness of the metal shell is greater than the skin depth so that the groove of the cross-sectional shape can reflect electromagnetic waves forward, increasing the gain of the antenna lobe toward the outside of the body. The part between the groove and the antenna can be filled and leveled with a biocompatible material with a dielectric constant similar to that of the skin to ensure the comfort of the patient. At the same time, it makes the antenna not easy to fall off, and also ensures the stability of the antenna operating frequency.

[0031] Furthermore, the resonant frequency of the planar reflective antenna is selected in the MedRadio and ISM bands, which helps to reduce the energy loss in the human body and the air. The adaptation circuit is attached to the back of the antenna to reduce the loss of the received RF energy during the transmission process. The RF energy is converted into voltage-appropriate DC energy through a specific circuit (included in the necessary circuit part) to charge the battery therein.

[0032] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0033] First, energy receiving device:

[0034] The coating material is placed in the groove of the shell, which reduces the problem of material corrosion and shedding caused by body fluid flushing.

[0035] The concave lens-shaped housing groove forcibly limits the main lobe to a 180-degree range toward the outside of the body, while reflecting electromagnetic waves, increasing the gain of the entire antenna and making the entire energy transmission chain more efficient.

[0036] A thicker coating will prevent the properties of the antenna from being changed by the surrounding environment. At the same time, a shell with a thickness greater than the skin depth will also isolate the radiation interference of other components inside the monitor, greatly improving the stability of the entire wireless power transmission system.

[0037] For the first time, a charging system for a rechargeable implantable real-time monitoring system was designed. This charging system can charge the rechargeable implantable real-time monitoring system in the patient's body without the patient's perception, ensuring convenience and making it more acceptable to the patient.

[0038] The real-time upload function of the charging system can upload the abnormal information of the user's patients to the cloud server for analysis in the first time, so that the life safety of the patient user can be protected in real time. Due to the high energy consumption during communication, the traditional implantable real-time monitoring system cannot communicate in real time if its service life needs to be guaranteed. This charging station provides enough energy to the implantable real-time monitoring system so that it can communicate with the outside world in real time, thereby greatly improving the safety protection ability of the patient user. For example, when suspicious body signals are detected, the patient user can be rescued in real time to improve the patient's survival rate.

[0039] The structure and function of the mobile station and the fixed station ensure the safety of patient users. At the same time, according to the efficiency of different pathways, efficient transmission methods are selected in real time to reduce energy escape and ensure transmission efficiency.

[0040] The mobile station is designed according to the laws of human kinematics, with only half of the antenna installed and a baffle installed, which can save space and improve its endurance, while also ensuring the safety of the user's body and protecting it from huge radiation damage.

[0041] A planar reflective antenna is added to the surface of the housing of the implantable real-time monitoring system, which is not covered or blocked by any metal material, so as to improve the transmission efficiency.

[0042] The planar reflective antenna, the substrate and the cover plate are made of a high dielectric constant biocompatible material that can directly contact human skin, so as to facilitate the miniaturization design of the antenna.

[0043] The groove is in the shape of a concave lens, with the antenna at its focal point and the thickness of the metal shell greater than the skin depth; increasing the gain of the antenna towards the front lobe.

[0044] The part between the groove and the antenna is filled and leveled with a biocompatible material with the same dielectric constant as the skin to ensure the comfort of the patient and prevent the antenna from falling off.

[0045] Second, the technical solution of the present invention fills the technical gap in the industry at home and abroad: this technology makes up for the current shortcomings of short service life and inability to charge for implantable human monitoring devices. For some existing rechargeable implantable devices, unlike the existing charging technology that completely restricts the user's position during the charging process, this technology can be charged while the patient is moving, greatly reducing the interference with the patient's life and improving the convenience of the product.

[0046] Third, the technical solution of the present invention solves the problems of unstable energy supply, low energy transmission efficiency and insufficient safety of wireless charging and implantable devices in the prior art in industrial applications. By combining an innovative external energy supply system with an in-vivo energy receiving system, more efficient, safe and reliable wireless energy transmission and device charging are achieved.

[0047] Technical Problem Solving:

[0048] 1. Low energy transmission efficiency: In the prior art, when implantable devices obtain energy through wireless radio frequency, the absorption and attenuation of electromagnetic waves by human tissues leads to low energy transmission efficiency. The present invention optimizes the radiation direction and power distribution of the antenna by introducing a high-gain directional antenna and a reflector design, so that energy can be transmitted to the internal device more efficiently, significantly improving the energy transmission efficiency.

[0049] 2. Unstable energy supply: In existing implantable devices, the energy receiving device has a limited reception range, and the charging process is easily affected by movement and the environment. The present invention ensures the stability of energy supply through the combination of multiple antennas of the external charging station and the dynamic selection of the best radiating antenna, so that it can continue to charge efficiently even if the device or user's position changes.

[0050] 3. Safety issues: Traditional wireless charging generates large amounts of energy radiation, which poses potential health risks. The present invention uses a metal reflector design and infrared sensors to adjust the radiation power, reducing the impact of electromagnetic radiation on the human body and ensuring the safety of users.

[0051] Significant technological advancements:

[0052] 1. Application of high-gain directional antennas: Through multi-antenna design and intelligent control of the radiation power combination of different antennas, the present invention achieves 180° radiation angle adjustment, improving the flexibility and accuracy of wireless charging. At the same time, the main lobe orientation of the antenna optimizes the energy transmission path and reduces the shielding and attenuation of electromagnetic waves by human tissue.

[0053] 2. Design of mobile charging device: The mobile charging device is designed in the shape of a wristband, which is convenient for users to wear daily. The intelligent antenna switching function selects the best energy transmission channel, realizing energy supply anytime and anywhere, greatly improving the usability and convenience of the implanted device.

[0054] 3. Intelligent control and information interaction system: Connected to the cloud server via Bluetooth, the controller of the present invention can not only intelligently adjust the charging power according to environmental information, but also monitor the energy reception status of the implanted device in real time to ensure the high efficiency of energy transmission and the continuous operation of the device.

[0055] In summary, the present invention has made significant technical progress in improving the efficiency, stability and safety of wireless energy transmission, greatly enhanced the practical application value of implantable devices, and has broad application prospects in industries such as medical care and health monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a mobile station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a fixed platform provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an in-vivo energy receiving system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an energy receiving device and an antenna assembly method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 It is an experimental effect diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] In the figure: 1. Metal baffle at the end of the antenna side; 2. Metal baffle on the skin side; 3. Baffle at the proximal end; 4. Mobile station button + indicator; 5. Thumb position mark; 6. Mobile station energy transmitting antenna; 7. Distal end baffle; 8. Outer baffle; 9. Middle end baffle; 10. Fixed station energy transmitting antenna; 11. Fixed station button + indicator; 12. Fixed station area dividing line; 13. Infrared detector; 14. Signal collection electrode; 15. Battery; 16. Thin sheet antenna; 17. Necessary circuit; 18. Biocompatible material with the same dielectric constant as skin; 19. Antenna cover; 20. Antenna substrate; 21. Adaptation circuit; 22. Metal casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0063] The structural design of the charging system of the present invention focuses on key modules such as antenna transmission, energy supply, and signal processing. The specific structural scheme is as follows:

[0064] 1. External energy supply system:

[0065] The mobile station consists of a part worn on the user's wrist and a high-gain antenna array for transmitting energy. The mobile station includes multiple antennas 6, each of which is equipped with a metal baffle 1 at the end to limit the radiation direction and ensure the safety of the user when wearing it.

[0066] The skin-contacting metal baffle 2 is arranged on the part of the antenna side close to the user's skin, and is used to enhance the reflection ability of the antenna, ensure that the energy is concentrated in the direction where radiation is required, and avoid unnecessary influence of radiation on the user.

[0067] The near-body baffle 3 is located at the near end of the antenna, and is used to further reduce the back radiation loss of energy to ensure maximum transmission efficiency.

[0068] The distal end baffle 7 is located at the distal end of the antenna to limit excessive energy radiation to the outside and keep the energy transmission concentrated.

[0069] The mobile station is provided with buttons and an indicator 4, through which the user can control the antenna switch or adjust the transmission power. In addition, a thumb position mark 5 ensures that the antenna is aligned with the body when the user wears it, thus ensuring the accuracy of charging.

[0070] The fixed station is similar in structure to the mobile station, but is used for charging scenarios at fixed locations, and is mainly placed in fixed places where users carry out daily activities, such as offices or bedrooms. The fixed station includes multiple high-gain antennas 10, each of which is controlled by a fixed station button 11 to adjust the energy transmission angle and power in different areas.

[0071] The fixed station area dividing line 12 divides the charging area into multiple sectors, and the user can select the corresponding area for charging as needed. For safety, the fixed station also integrates an infrared detector 13 to detect the approach of human body or other life forms. When a life form is detected, the energy output is automatically reduced to avoid unnecessary safety risks.

[0072] 2. Energy receiving system in the body:

[0073] The energy receiving device implanted in the body is mainly composed of the following modules:

[0074] The signal acquisition electrode 14 is responsible for collecting body signals and transmitting them to an external transfer station for health monitoring or equipment calibration. The electrodes are connected to other modules through precision circuits to achieve efficient data acquisition.

[0075] The battery 15 is responsible for storing the energy obtained by the energy receiving device. The battery is connected to the antenna 16 and other necessary circuits 17 to form a complete energy storage and power supply system. The battery is charged by the wireless energy transmitted by the external charging station to ensure the continuous operation of the device.

[0076] The sheet antenna 16 is a planar reflective antenna made of high dielectric constant biocompatible material. The antenna substrate 20 and cover plate 19 are both made of biocompatible material 18, which are used to receive external energy and transmit signals to the internal device. The antenna uses the metal shell 22 of the device as a ground plane to ensure stable operation of the antenna in the body.

[0077] The radiation direction of the antenna is toward the outside of the body, reducing the shielding of the signal by human tissue and further improving the signal reception efficiency and energy transmission effect.

[0078] 3. Energy reception and signal transmission:

[0079] The adapter circuit 21 converts the wireless energy received by the antenna into electrical energy that can be used by the battery, and performs intelligent regulation through an embedded program to ensure the highest energy utilization. At the same time, the adapter circuit is responsible for processing the signal and transmitting the processing result to the signal processing front end.

[0080] The external control system performs two-way communication with the implanted device through a signal transceiver antenna group, and the implanted device can adjust its own charging status and signal processing mechanism based on the received signal feedback.

[0081] 4. Security and stability guarantee:

[0082] The shell of the device is made of biocompatible materials to ensure that it will not have a negative impact on human health after being implanted in the human body. At the same time, through the ingenious design of the metal baffles 2, 3, 7, 8, and 9, the working efficiency of the antenna is further optimized, unnecessary electromagnetic radiation to the human body is reduced, and the safety and reliability of the overall system are improved.

[0083] Through the above-mentioned structural design, the present invention can efficiently and safely provide a continuous and stable energy supply for implantable devices, while ensuring the compatibility and intelligent adjustment capabilities of the system in different usage scenarios, solving the problems of low energy transmission efficiency and insufficient safety in the prior art.

[0084] The charging system provided in the embodiment of the present invention is divided into two parts: an external energy supply system and an in-body energy receiving system:

[0085] 1. External energy supply system

[0086] like Figure 1 As shown, the external energy supply system is divided into two types: a fixed charging station (fixed station) and a movable charging station (mobile station).

[0087] The mobile station contains multiple high-gain antennas (the antenna type can be one-dimensional or two-dimensional antennas). Each antenna is independently controlled by an independent switch, and a 180° radiation angle can be achieved by controlling the combination of different antenna powers. The mobile station is designed in the shape of a wristband. Only half of the mobile station is equipped with the high-gain directional antenna. The outer shell of the antenna part is equipped with metal reflectors (gray shaded part) on the skin-tight side (inside), the proximal side (elbow side) and the distal side (palm side), which can ensure the safety of the user while increasing its radiation efficiency. When using it, the user should limit its wearing method. The midpoint of the wristband with the antenna should be aligned with the bottom of the thumb to ensure that it is always aligned with the body trunk for charging.

[0088] When charging starts, the multiple antennas of the mobile station will radiate energy for a short period of time. At this time, the implanted device will send back the energy obtained during the independent radiation period of each antenna, and use this as a basis to calculate the radiating antenna with the highest transmission efficiency at this time, thereby determining the main radiating antenna.

[0089] like Figure 2 As shown, the mobile station is worn on the patient's body surface and is used to charge the energy receiving device in real time.

[0090] The fixed station contains multiple high-gain antennas 10. Each antenna can be independently controlled to open and close by different switches. There are multiple buttons distributed around the fixed station, and each button can control an area of ​​a certain angle opened with the fixed station as the center. The user can select and press one or more of the buttons, which means that the implantable monitoring device that needs to be charged will mainly move within this range. At this time, the multiple high-gain antennas inside the fixed station will radiate with a specific power combination, so that the main coverage range of the radiation power meets the range specified by the user.

[0091] In addition, the fixed platform also includes one or more infrared sensors. When humans or other life forms whose body temperature exceeds the ambient temperature approach, the transmission power will be appropriately reduced to ensure the safety of the life form.

[0092] The fixed platform is fixed at the patient's usual place of residence, such as an office, a bedroom or a living room at home, etc. No energy storage device is provided in the fixed platform.

[0093] Both the fixed and mobile charging stations contain:

[0094] 1) Power supply. The power supply for the mobile station is a portable, rechargeable, large-capacity lithium battery, and the power supply for the fixed station is a household 220V AC power supply. The large-capacity lithium battery can support the system operation for at least 1 day.

[0095] 2) Controller. The controller is responsible for modulating and editing the transmitted signal, demodulating and translating the received signal, and extracting the data. This data is then used to regulate the working efficiency of the various components inside the charging station. For example, by calculating the distance from the energy receiving device to control the direction and power of energy transmission to maximize the transmission capacity; or according to the data received from the cloud server, to adjust the parameters within the system. The controller is controlled by an embedded program.

[0096] 3) Signal transceiver antenna group. This antenna group is used to communicate with the cloud server and the energy receiving device. The received signal is input into the controller for translation, processing and application. The signal transceiver antenna group consists of two or more antennas and can exchange information with the energy receiving device in the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0097] 4) Multiple energy transmission antennas. The antenna group should consist of multiple high-gain antennas, as long as the reception range covers 360°. The radiation frequency of the energy transmission antenna is below 1GHz to reduce energy loss caused by distance and human body.

[0098] 5) Display system (e.g., status display LED or display screen). This system will show the user the power level and the connection and communication status of each instrument so that abnormal situations can be identified in real time.

[0099] The charging system of the present invention consists of two parts: an external energy supply system and an internal energy receiving system. The external energy supply system realizes energy transmission through two charging stations: a fixed charging station and a movable charging station. The fixed station is generally placed in a fixed location, such as a home or office, while the mobile station is designed as a wearable wristband for daily use by users. Both of them radiate energy through antennas to charge the energy receiving device in the body.

[0100] First, the mobile charging station uses multiple high-gain antenna arrays to achieve a 180° radiation angle in combination. The system transmits energy antenna by antenna, and the device in the body provides real-time feedback on the energy reception effect of each antenna. By comparing the feedback data of received energy, the system selects the most efficient antenna as the main radiating antenna to ensure maximum energy transmission. Metal reflectors are used to improve antenna efficiency and ensure user safety.

[0101] Secondly, the fixed charging station has multiple high-gain antennas built in. Users can select the main charging area through buttons. The system will adjust the power combination of the antennas according to the selected area to ensure that the energy coverage range matches the user's activity area. The fixed station is also equipped with an infrared sensor. When it senses the approach of a human body or other high-temperature life form, it will automatically reduce the radiation power to ensure safety.

[0102] In addition, the controller of the charging system is responsible for managing and adjusting the power output and direction of the antenna to ensure efficient energy transmission. The controller can adjust the working status of the system by interacting with the energy receiving device and the cloud server through Bluetooth or other communication methods. The display system provides users with intuitive power information and device connection status, making it easier for users to understand the charging process and system operation.

[0103] 2. In-body energy receiving device

[0104] like Figure 3 As shown, this part is implanted under the patient's torso to measure the patient's physical condition in real time and send some signals to an external information transfer station. At the same time, it can receive wireless radio frequency energy from an external fixed or handheld portable charging station and charge its internal battery.

[0105] The energy receiving device (hereinafter referred to as the device) includes a signal collector, a battery, necessary circuits (including a signal processing front end, a micro-computing unit, different functional circuits, etc.) and a thin-film antenna. Figure 3 It only shows the necessary components of the device, and does not limit their relative positions. The shell of the device is composed of two or more biocompatible materials (at least one of which is pure metal and one is non-metal or alloy), and 1-2 thin antennas are installed on the surface for receiving energy and sending information.

[0106] The sheet antenna is a planar reflective antenna. The substrate and cover are made of high dielectric constant biocompatible materials (e.g., alumina, dielectric constant 9.8) that can directly contact human skin, to facilitate the miniaturization of the antenna. Between the substrate and the cover is a metal sheet engraved with patterns, which is used to receive and radiate electromagnetic waves outward. The antenna uses the metal shell of the device as a ground plane. When the patient wears it, the main lobe of the antenna is directed toward the outside of the body to reduce obstruction and loss in the human body. Antennas with different radiation directions and polarization modes can have different assembly methods.

[0107] The implantable energy receiving device is mainly used to measure the patient's physical condition in real time, and send the data to an external information transfer station through wireless signals, while using wireless radio frequency energy to charge the internal battery. The device has a built-in signal collector, battery, necessary circuits (including signal processing front end, micro-computing unit and functional circuit) and a thin-film antenna. The shell of the device is made of biocompatible materials to ensure safety and reliability when implanted in the human body.

[0108] The thin-film antenna in the device adopts a planar reflective antenna design. The substrate and cover are made of high dielectric constant materials (such as alumina), which helps to miniaturize the antenna design and adapt to the space limitations inside the human body. The antenna receives and radiates electromagnetic waves through a metal sheet engraved with a pattern, and the metal shell serves as the ground plane of the antenna. This design enables the antenna to have good radiation efficiency, especially reducing the loss caused by absorption by human tissue when receiving external energy.

[0109] In actual operation, when the external fixed or handheld charging station sends wireless radio frequency energy, the device's antenna will receive the energy and convert it into electrical energy through the circuit and store it in the internal battery. At the same time, the signal collector in the device will collect the patient's physiological data and send it to the external information transfer station through the antenna to achieve real-time monitoring of the patient's physical condition.

[0110] The design of the antenna ensures that the main lobe is directed toward the outside of the body, reducing the obstruction of human tissue to signal transmission and enhancing the efficiency of energy reception and signal transmission. Through the combination of different radiation directions and polarization modes, the antenna can be optimized and assembled according to specific usage scenarios to ensure stability and efficiency during charging and communication.

[0111] In one embodiment, the antenna is attached to the outside of the device housing and is in direct contact with the skin, and is not covered or blocked by any metal material, such as Figure 4 As shown, the transmission efficiency can be improved. The antenna shell material must contain one or more metal materials. The antenna uses this metal shell as a ground plane and reflects electromagnetic waves at the same time, thereby enhancing the directivity and gain of the antenna and further improving the energy transmission efficiency. Preferably, the thickness of the shell wall is greater than or equal to the skin depth. Specifically, according to the different materials of the metal shell, the skin depth of the material for electromagnetic waves can be determined at the beginning of the design. Designing the thickness of the shell wall to be greater than or equal to the skin depth can isolate the interference of the electronic components inside the energy receiving device to the antenna radiation and reflect electromagnetic waves.

[0112] Figure 4 In the example shown, the shape of the groove is specially designed to be a concave lens shape (cross-sectional shape), and the antenna is located at its focal position. The thickness of the metal shell is greater than the skin depth, so that the groove of the cross-sectional shape can reflect electromagnetic waves forward, increasing the gain of the antenna lobe toward the outside of the body.

[0113] In an optimized embodiment, the portion between the groove and the antenna can be filled and leveled with a biocompatible material having a dielectric constant similar to that of the skin to ensure patient comfort, while making it difficult for the antenna to fall off and ensuring the stability of the antenna's operating frequency.

[0114] The resonant frequency of the planar reflector antenna is selected in the MedRadio and ISM bands, which helps to reduce the energy loss in the human body and the air. The adaptation circuit is attached to the back of the antenna to reduce the loss of the received RF energy during the transmission process. The RF energy is converted into DC energy of suitable voltage through a specific circuit (included in the necessary circuit part) to charge the battery therein.

[0115] The charging system of the real-time monitoring system for shallow human implants of the present invention comprises an external functional device and an internal energy receiving device, and realizes efficient charging and monitoring of the implant through the coordinated work of multiple components. The following is a detailed working principle:

[0116] 1. Portable charging station

[0117] Metal baffle 1 at the end of the antenna: improves the directivity of the antenna radiation direction and reduces energy loss.

[0118] Metal baffle 2 on the skin side: ensures the safety of energy transmission while improving the efficiency of energy transmission.

[0119] Near-body baffle 3: prevents energy from dissipating outward and concentrates the direction of energy transmission.

[0120] Mobile station button + indication 4: The user selects the area to be charged by pressing buttons and indications, and the system adjusts the antenna radiation direction and power according to the selection.

[0121] Thumb position mark 5: Make sure the antenna is correctly aligned with the torso when worn to improve charging efficiency.

[0122] Mobile station energy transmitting antenna 6: A high-gain antenna transmits wireless radio frequency energy. The antenna is independently controlled to open and close to achieve a 180° radiation angle.

[0123] Distal end baffle 7: concentrates energy to be transmitted inwards to prevent it from being lost outwards.

[0124] Outer baffle 8: Improves the safety and directionality of energy transmission.

[0125] Middle baffle 9: ensures that energy is concentrated in a specific direction to improve transmission efficiency.

[0126] 2. Fixed charging station

[0127] Fixed station energy transmitting antenna 10: Multiple high-gain antennas combine to transmit energy. The user selects the area to be charged, and the system adjusts the antenna radiation direction and power according to the selection.

[0128] Fixed station button + indication 11: The user selects the charging area, presses the button, and the system adjusts the radiation direction.

[0129] Fixed station area dividing line 12: divides the fixed station into multiple areas, and the user selects the corresponding area for energy transmission.

[0130] Infrared detector 13: detects nearby life forms, and automatically reduces the transmission power when someone approaches to ensure safety.

[0131] 3. Energy receiving device in the body

[0132] Signal acquisition electrode 14: measures the patient's physical condition in real time, collects physiological signals and sends them to an external information transfer station.

[0133] Battery 15: stores received energy for use by the implanted device.

[0134] The sheet antenna 16 receives radio frequency energy emitted from the outside and sends signals to the outside.

[0135] Necessary circuit 17: processes the received energy and signals to ensure the normal operation of the system.

[0136] Biocompatible material with the same dielectric constant as skin18: fills the gap between the antenna and the shell to ensure the patient's wearing comfort and the antenna's working stability.

[0137] Antenna cover plate 19 and antenna substrate 20: constitute a planar reflective antenna to receive and radiate electromagnetic waves.

[0138] Adaptation circuit 21: converts the received radio frequency energy into direct current for charging the battery.

[0139] Metal housing 22: provides grounding for the antenna and electromagnetic wave reflection, thereby improving the directivity and gain of the antenna.

[0140] System workflow:

[0141] 1. Wearing the portable charging station: The user wears the portable charging station, ensures that the thumb position mark 5 is aligned with the bottom of the thumb, and sets the charging area with the mobile station button 4, and the system starts charging.

[0142] 2. Automatically select the main radiating antenna: The antennas 6 of the mobile charging station radiate independently for a short period of time in turn, and the implanted device transmits back the energy reception status. The system calculates the antenna with the highest transmission efficiency and determines the main radiating antenna.

[0143] 3. Charging on a fixed charging station: The user selects a charging area on the fixed station 10, presses the fixed station button 11, and the system adjusts the antenna combination according to the selection and starts charging.

[0144] 4. Safety detection: The infrared detector 13 detects nearby life forms and reduces the transmission power when someone approaches.

[0145] 5. Energy reception and storage: The thin-film antenna 16 of the in-body energy receiving device receives energy, converts it into direct current through the adaptation circuit 21, and stores it in the battery 15.

[0146] 6. Signal acquisition and transmission: The signal acquisition electrode 14 collects the patient's physiological signals and sends them to the external information transfer station through the thin film antenna 16. The system performs data analysis and monitoring.

[0147] Through the above working principles and processes, the present invention realizes efficient charging and real-time monitoring of shallow implanted devices in the human body, ensuring the safety, reliability of the system and the comfort of the user.

[0148] The energy transmission system of the type of antenna mentioned in the embodiment of the present invention in biological tissue is designed, processed and tested, and the functions of the type of antenna and the concave metal reflective surface are experimentally verified. During the experiment, the antenna realizes energy transmission, and with the presence of the concave metal reflective surface, the energy transmission efficiency is improved to a certain extent. Figure 5 The experimental results are shown in the figure below. The planar reflective antenna is in the animal tissue and is powered by an external log-periodic antenna. The energy transfer efficiency between the micro-antenna (cylindrical with a diameter of 1.1 cm and a thickness of 0.2 mm) in the animal tissue and the external log-periodic antenna is shown in the figure below at a specific frequency (transmission distance 50 cm). Figure 5 At a distance of 50 cm, the system achieved energy transmission and improved the transmission efficiency in the presence of a specific concave metal surface. The principle of this experiment is similar to that of the system designed in the present invention, which is sufficient to prove the technical effect that the present invention can achieve.

[0149] The working principle of the present invention first starts with the configuration and function of the antenna and the metal baffle. The metal baffle 1 at the end of the antenna side and the metal baffle 2 on the skin side are used to provide physical protection for the antenna, and at the same time play the role of electromagnetic shielding during the antenna transmission process to reduce the leakage of antenna energy in unnecessary directions. Through the combination of the proximal end baffle 3, the distal end baffle 7 and the middle end baffle 9, it is ensured that the energy transmitting antenna 6, 10 transmits energy in a specific direction, improves the transmission efficiency and directivity, and avoids energy waste and interference to the surrounding irrelevant areas. This shielding design ensures the concentration and enhancement of the transmitted signal, and improves the accuracy and effectiveness of the system.

[0150] The working principles of the mobile station and the fixed station are closely related. The mobile station energy transmitting antenna 6 and the fixed station energy transmitting antenna 10 are respectively installed in a movable and fixed position, and are used to transmit energy to the target area respectively. The cooperation between the two antennas is controlled by the mobile station button + indication 4 and the fixed station button + indication 11, ensuring that energy can be accurately excited and released during operation. The user can start and stop the energy transmission process through the indicator buttons on the mobile station and the fixed station, ensuring the flexibility of the system in different operating environments.

[0151] The control of signal acquisition and energy emission is completed by the electrodes and infrared detectors in the system. The signal acquisition electrode 14 detects the signal changes in the target area and feeds back to the control circuit to adjust the intensity and direction of energy emission. The infrared detector 13 is used to detect the temperature or distance of the target area to ensure the accuracy and safety of energy emission. The infrared detector can effectively monitor the external conditions during the emission process, avoid signal deviations caused by environmental changes, and improve the safety and stability of the system.

[0152] The combination of biocompatible material and antenna ensures the comfort and safety of the device during use. The biocompatible material 18 with the same dielectric constant as the skin covers the part of the device that contacts the human body to avoid skin damage caused by electromagnetic radiation or heat. This material can simulate the dielectric properties of the skin, thereby ensuring the signal transmission effect while reducing the negative impact on the human body, especially when operating for a long time.

[0153] The antenna design and adaptation circuit 21 in the system ensure the stability and efficiency of energy transmission through precise electromagnetic adaptation. The antenna substrate 20 and the cover plate 19 are connected to the external transmission circuit 6, 10 through the adaptation circuit to ensure that the electromagnetic signal emitted by the antenna can accurately match the external environment. The thin-film antenna 16 is designed to be miniaturized and lightweight, which can effectively reduce the size of the antenna while maintaining high signal transmission efficiency and stability.

[0154] The cooperation of the battery and the necessary circuit ensures the portability and durability of the device. The battery 15 provides energy for the operation of the system and distributes the power to various components through the necessary circuit 17, so that the device can continue to work in different environments. The metal shell 22 provides a solid protection for the overall structure of the system, preventing the device from being affected by the external environment and ensuring that it can still work normally in complex environments.

[0155] The following are two specific embodiments based on the above technical solution:

[0156] Example 1: Shallow implantable charging system for pacemakers

[0157] In this embodiment, the shallowly implanted device is a cardiac pacemaker, and the antenna housing is made of metal material, such as titanium alloy, and the wall thickness of the housing is designed to be greater than the skin depth of the metal material to avoid interference of electronic components on antenna radiation. The antenna is designed to be attached to the outside of the housing, in direct contact with the patient's skin, and not covered by metal, thereby reducing the electromagnetic shielding effect and improving the transmission efficiency of electromagnetic waves.

[0158] The housing groove where the antenna is located is designed in the shape of a concave lens, and through precise calculation, the antenna is placed at the focal point of the groove, so that the reflection of electromagnetic waves enhances the lobe gain of the antenna toward the outside of the body. The space between the groove and the antenna is filled with biocompatible materials with a dielectric constant similar to that of the skin, ensuring that the antenna fits tightly to the skin and is not easy to fall off, while ensuring that the patient is comfortable to wear. The charging system operates in the MedRadio frequency band, using radio frequency energy to convert into DC power through an adapter circuit to charge the battery in the pacemaker, thereby ensuring long-term normal operation of the device.

[0159] Example 2: Shallow implantable charging system for diabetes monitoring sensor

[0160] This embodiment is applied to shallowly implanted diabetes monitoring sensors. The housing of the monitoring system is made of aluminum alloy, and the thickness of the housing is designed to be greater than the skin depth of the aluminum alloy, isolating the interference of internal electronic components to the antenna. The antenna is attached to the outside of the housing and is in direct contact with the skin. The metal material of the housing does not cover the antenna to reduce the shielding effect and improve the efficiency of radio frequency energy transmission.

[0161] The antenna is installed in the concave lens-shaped groove of the housing, located above the focus of the groove. The electromagnetic wave reflection of the metal housing increases the energy gain of the antenna toward the outside of the body, thereby improving the energy transmission efficiency. The space between the antenna and the skin is filled with biocompatible materials with a dielectric constant close to that of the skin, ensuring the stability of the antenna's operating frequency and improving the patient's wearing comfort.

[0162] The system operates in the ISM frequency band and efficiently converts RF energy into DC power through an adapter circuit close to the antenna to charge the battery in the diabetes monitoring sensor, ensuring that the system can monitor the patient's blood sugar level in real time and continuously and provide relevant data.

[0163] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0164] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charging system for a real-time monitoring system implanted shallowly in the human body, characterized in that: It includes an external functional device and an in-body energy receiving device; There are two types of external energy supply devices: fixed charging stations and movable charging stations; The portable charging station includes multiple high-gain antennas, each of which is independently controlled by an independent switch, and a 180° radiation angle can be achieved by controlling the combination of different antenna powers; the portable charging station is designed as a wristband; only half of the portable charging station is equipped with the high-gain directional antenna; the shell of the antenna part is equipped with metal reflectors on the skin-contact side, the near-body side and the far-body side, which can ensure the safety of the user while increasing its radiation efficiency; the user is restricted in wearing the wristband when using it, and the midpoint of the wristband equipped with the antenna should be aligned with the bottom of the thumb to ensure that it is always aligned with the body trunk for charging; The fixed station contains multiple high-gain antennas, each of which can be independently controlled by different switches. There are multiple buttons distributed around the fixed station, each of which can control an area of ​​a certain angle with the fixed station as the center. The user can select and press one or more of the buttons, which means that the implantable monitoring device that needs to be charged will mainly move within this range. At this time, the multiple high-gain antennas inside the fixed station will radiate with a specific power combination, so that the main coverage range of the radiation power meets the range specified by the user. The in-body energy receiving device is partially implanted under the skin of the patient's torso to measure the patient's physical condition in real time and send some signals to an information transfer station outside the body. At the same time, it can receive wireless radio frequency energy from an external fixed or handheld portable charging station and charge its own internal battery.

2. The charging system for the real-time monitoring system for shallow implantation in the human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When charging starts, the multiple antennas of the portable charging station will radiate energy independently for a short period of time respectively; at this time, the implanted device will transmit back the energy obtained during the independent radiation time period of each antenna, and use this as a basis to calculate the radiating antenna with the highest transmission efficiency at this time, thereby determining the main radiating antenna; the portable charging station is worn on the patient's body surface and is used to charge the energy receiving device in real time.

3. The charging system for the real-time monitoring system for shallow implantation in the human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed platform also includes one or more infrared sensors. When a human or other living being whose body temperature exceeds the ambient temperature approaches, the sensor will appropriately reduce the transmission power to ensure the safety of the living being. The fixed platform is fixed to the patient's usual residence, such as an office, bedroom or living room at home, etc. No energy storage device is installed in the fixed platform.

4. The charging system for the real-time monitoring system for shallow implantation in the human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the fixed and mobile charging stations contain: 1) Power supply: The power supply of the mobile charging station is a portable, rechargeable, large-capacity lithium battery, and the power supply of the fixed station is a household 220V AC power supply. The large-capacity lithium battery can support the system operation for at least 1 day; 2) Controller: The controller is responsible for modulating and editing the transmitted signal, demodulating and translating the received signal, and extracting the data, and then using this data to adjust the working efficiency of each component inside the charging station; controlling the direction and power of energy transmission by calculating the distance to the energy receiving device to maximize the transmission capacity; or adjusting the parameters within the system according to the data received from the cloud server, etc. The controller is controlled by an embedded program; 3) Signal transceiver antenna group: This antenna group is used to communicate with the cloud server and the energy receiving device; the received signal is input into the controller for translation, processing and application. The signal transceiver antenna group consists of two or more antennas and can exchange information with the energy receiving device in the Bluetooth frequency band; 4) Multiple energy transmission antennas: The antenna group should consist of multiple high-gain antennas, as long as the reception range covers 360°; The radiation frequency of the energy transmission antenna is below 1GHz to reduce energy loss caused by distance and human body; 5) Display system: This system will show the user the power level and the connection and communication status of each instrument so that abnormal situations can be identified in real time.

5. The charging system for the real-time monitoring system for shallow implantation in the human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The energy receiving device includes a signal collector, a battery, necessary circuits and a thin-film antenna. Figure (3) only shows the necessary components of the device and does not limit their relative positions. The outer shell of the device is composed of two or more biocompatible materials, and 1-2 thin-film antennas are installed on the surface for functions such as receiving energy and sending information.

6. The charging system for the real-time monitoring system for shallow implantation in the human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sheet antenna is a planar reflective antenna. The substrate and cover are made of high dielectric constant biocompatible materials that can directly contact human skin, so as to facilitate the miniaturized design of the antenna. Between the substrate and the cover is a metal sheet engraved with patterns, which is used to receive and radiate electromagnetic waves outward. The antenna uses the metal shell of the device as a ground plane. When the patient wears it, the main lobe direction of the antenna is toward the outside of the body to reduce obstruction and loss in the human body. Antennas with different radiation directions and polarization modes can have different assembly methods.

7. The charging system for the real-time monitoring system for shallow implantation in the human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna is attached to the outside of the device casing and is in direct contact with the skin. The antenna is not covered by any metal material to reduce the shielding effect and improve the efficiency of electromagnetic wave transmission. The casing material contains one or more metal materials. The antenna uses this metal casing as a ground plate and reflects electromagnetic waves through the metal casing to enhance the antenna's directivity and gain, further improving the energy transmission efficiency.

8. The charging system for the real-time monitoring system for shallow implantation in the human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the shell wall is designed to be greater than or equal to the skin depth of the electromagnetic wave. According to the skin depth characteristics of the metal material used, the thickness of the shell wall can effectively isolate the interference of internal electronic components to the antenna, while improving the antenna performance by reflecting electromagnetic waves.

9. The charging system for the real-time monitoring system for shallow implantation in the human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The groove of the shell is designed to be in the shape of a concave lens, and the antenna is installed at its focal position. The thickness of the shell wall is greater than the skin depth, which can effectively reflect electromagnetic waves and increase the lobe gain of the antenna toward the outside of the body. The space between the groove and the antenna is filled with biocompatible materials with a dielectric constant similar to that of the skin to ensure that the antenna fits closely to the skin, ensure the antenna's stable operating frequency, and improve the patient's wearing comfort.

10. The charging system for the real-time monitoring system for shallow implantation in the human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna works in the MedRadio or ISM frequency band to reduce the electromagnetic waves in the human body and air. The adapter circuit is close to the back of the antenna to reduce the loss of RF energy during transmission. Specific circuits convert RF energy into DC power suitable for battery charging.

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