Communication base station management system and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a communication base station management technology, and is used to solve the problem that it is difficult for staff to accurately judge the size of the transmission power according to a complex environment, resulting in unreasonable setting of the transmission power of the communication base station, and the unreasonable setting leads to insufficient signal coverage or interference to other base stations and excessive energy consumption. The present invention is specifically a communication base station management system and method, including a base station transceiver station and an equipment performance management component; the present invention ensures that the system can automatically adjust parameters when the base station is subject to various interferences through fine management of the transmission power and receiving sensitivity, thereby improving the communication quality and reliability, reducing the problems of transmission interruption and data transmission errors, and timely discovering and solving hardware problems, automatically adjusting parameters and other functions reduce the workload of manual inspection and troubleshooting, and reduce maintenance costs; at the same time, by optimizing the transmission power and receiving sensitivity, the service life of the equipment is extended, and the maintenance cost is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a communication base station management technology, and in particular to a communication base station management system and method. Background Art

[0002] Base station is a public mobile communication base station, which is an interface device for mobile devices to access the Internet. It is also a form of radio station, which refers to a radio transceiver station that transmits information between mobile phone terminals through a mobile communication exchange center in a certain radio coverage area.

[0003] In the prior art, the transmission power of a communication base station may be set unreasonably, resulting in insufficient signal coverage or interference to other base stations and excessive energy consumption; the hardware configuration of the receiving end of the communication base station may be damaged by external factors, which is difficult to detect and solve in time, resulting in reduced receiving sensitivity and reduced communication reliability; the communication base station is in a complex environment, and it is difficult for the staff to accurately judge the transmission power according to the complex environment, resulting in unreasonable setting of the transmission power of the communication base station;

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, this application proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to ensure that the system can automatically adjust parameters when the base station is subject to various interferences through fine management of transmission power and receiving sensitivity, thereby improving communication quality and reliability, reducing transmission interruptions and data transmission errors, and timely discovering and solving hardware problems. Functions such as automatic adjustment of parameters reduce the workload of manual inspections and troubleshooting and reduce maintenance costs. At the same time, by optimizing transmission power and receiving sensitivity, the service life of the equipment is extended, maintenance costs are further reduced, and the problem that it is difficult for staff to accurately judge the size of the transmission power according to a complex environment, resulting in unreasonable settings of the transmission power of the communication base station, and the unreasonable settings lead to insufficient signal coverage or interference with other base stations and excessive energy consumption. A communication base station management system and method are proposed.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A communication base station management system and method, comprising a base station transceiver station and a device performance management component, wherein the device performance management component comprises a transmission power management module and a reception sensitivity management module;

[0008] The transmission power management module determines the interference to the transmission power of the communication base station caused by four factors: co-frequency interference, terrain, building obstruction and weather conditions, and determines whether interference is caused to the transmission power. If interference is caused, the transmission power is readjusted according to the interference intensity to ensure that the communication base station transceiver station can transmit the code signal to the receiving end at any position within the coverage area when transmitting the code signal;

[0009] According to the network planning and actual coverage, the transmission power of the communication base station management system is estimated to obtain the signal propagation loss data. , the transmission power of the communication base station is , the power received by the receiving end is ,but ; In order to ensure that the receiving end within the coverage area can receive a signal with sufficient strength, it is necessary to ensure , The minimum receiving power for the receiving end to work normally; after the distance data and working frequency data of the coverage range are determined in network planning, the lower limit of the transmission power is calculated ;

[0010] The receiving sensitivity management module judges the three influencing factors of the receiving end's hardware, environment and software configuration, and determines whether the sensitivity of the received signal at the communication base station receiving end is affected by the receiving end's hardware, environment and software configuration, and then adjusts the communication base station transmission power according to the influence.

[0011] As a preferred implementation mode of the present invention, the transmit power management module determines the influence of co-channel interference and terrain factors, and the specific steps of the determination are as follows:

[0012] Step 1: Assume the co-channel interference protection ratio is ,but , is the power of the useful signal, for The total power of the same-frequency interference signals;

[0013] Step 2: To ensure communication quality, the co-channel interference protection ratio must be greater than the threshold determined by the communication standard ,but , then determine the lower limit of the transmission power of the communication base station affected by the same-frequency interference ;

[0014] Step 3: Signal propagation loss compared to flat terrain , affected by the terrain, the path loss of signal propagation , additional path loss data for non-flat terrain , is the radio wave frequency coefficient, is the terrain height data, and The reference points and reference point The distance data to the communication base station is used to determine the lower limit of the communication base station transmission power affected by the terrain. .

[0015] As a preferred implementation mode of the present invention, the transmission power management module determines the influence caused by building obstruction and weather conditions, and the specific steps of the determination are as follows:

[0016] Step 1: Path loss data of signal propagation affected by buildings , total building penetration loss data , is the building reflection loss data, The building absorption loss data is used to determine the lower limit of the communication base station transmission power affected by the terrain. ;

[0017] Step 2: Weather conditions such as rain, snow, fog and atmospheric humidity will cause great interference to the transmission of millimeter wave signals. Path loss data of signal propagation affected by rainy weather , and is the coefficient related to rainfall, is the rainfall;

[0018] Step 3: Establish the same formula as the path loss data affected by rainy weather to obtain the path loss data affected by snowy weather , path loss data affected by foggy weather and path loss data affected by wet weather ; The lower limit of the transmission power of the communication base station affected by weather conditions ;

[0019] Step 4: The minimum transmission power of the communication base station affected by the four factors of co-channel interference, terrain, building obstruction and weather conditions , take the maximum value of the four influencing factors on the transmission power of the communication base station.

[0020] As a preferred implementation of the present invention, the receiving sensitivity management module determines the impact of hardware factors, and the specific steps of the determination are as follows:

[0021] Step 1: The hardware appearance inspection data is , the hardware appearance preset data is ,like , it is determined that the deviation in the hardware appearance is small and is normal wear and tear, which does not affect the normal use of the hardware. is the preset appearance comparison value; otherwise, it is determined that hardware damage will change the electrical characteristics of the antenna, thereby affecting the hardware's receiving sensitivity;

[0022] Step 2: When judging the connection status, detect whether the distance between the connector and the connection position has changed. If the distance between the connector and the connection position is greater than the preset distance comparison value, it is determined that the connection of the hardware is loose, which will have an adverse effect on the receiving sensitivity of the hardware. Otherwise, the continuity of the hardware receiving signal and the fluctuation of the signal are detected;

[0023] Step 3: If the hardware receives intermittent signals and the signal fluctuates greatly, it is determined that the hardware connection is poor, which will have an adverse effect on the hardware's receiving sensitivity. The buzzer will beep in time to inform the maintenance personnel to repair the problem; otherwise, the antenna gain and directivity measurements will be made to determine;

[0024] Step 4: If the difference between the actual gain value and the nominal gain value is greater than the set gain comparison value, it is determined that the antenna gain is weakened, resulting in a decrease in receiving sensitivity; at the same preset angle interval, the direction of the omnidirectional antenna is changed in turn, and the test signal is sent to different directions. The signal strength received by the receiving end of the communication base station is recorded, and this process is repeated until a circle of testing is completed, and a signal strength distribution diagram is drawn; the drawn signal strength distribution diagram is overlapped and compared with the nominal directivity diagram of the directional antenna. If the spacing between the connecting lines on the two diagrams is less than the preset deviation value, the directivity of the directional antenna is determined to be correct; if the nominal directivity of the directional antenna is to have the maximum received signal strength in a certain direction, and the test results also show that the received signal strength is the largest in this direction, the directivity of the directional antenna is also determined to be correct.

[0025] As a preferred implementation of the present invention, the receiving sensitivity management module determines the impact of environmental and software factors, and the specific steps of the determination are as follows:

[0026] Step 1: The minimum transmission power of the communication base station affected by the transmission factors is , in the presence of a noisy environment, the noise power at the receiving end , is the Boltzmann constant, is the equivalent noise temperature of the receiving system, is the bandwidth of the receiving system, then the minimum signal that the communication base station receiving end can receive is , is the preset minimum signal-to-noise ratio;

[0027] Step 2: Since the signal reaches the receiving end through multiple paths, the random fading caused by the superposition of the signals of these paths leads to multipath fading. The fading factor of the corresponding transmission path is , then affected by the fading of different paths, the minimum signal power that the receiver can receive is ; Then the minimum received signal power affected by environmental factors is ;

[0028] Step 3: The receiving algorithm, demodulation method and base station configuration related to software and configuration will affect the sensitivity of the received signal at the receiving end of the communication base station. The gain coefficient of the receiving algorithm data on the sensitivity of the received signal , and are the minimum signal data that the communication base station receiving end can receive before and after the receiving algorithm gain; similarly, the gain coefficient of the demodulation method and base station configuration on the received signal sensitivity is obtained. and ;

[0029] Step 4: Under normal hardware performance conditions, consider the impact of the environment and software configuration on the sensitivity of the received signal at the communication base station receiving end, and set the minimum transmit power. .

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. Through the fine management of transmission power and receiving sensitivity, the system can automatically adjust parameters to improve communication quality and reliability and reduce transmission interruption and data transmission errors, whether the base station is in an area with insufficient signal coverage or is subject to various interferences;

[0032] 2. Timely detection and resolution of hardware problems, automatic parameter adjustment and other functions reduce the workload of manual inspection and troubleshooting, and reduce maintenance costs; at the same time, by optimizing the transmission power and receiving sensitivity, the service life of the equipment is extended, further reducing maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a system architecture diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example:

[0037] See also Figure 1 As shown, a communication base station management system and method include a base station transceiver station and a device performance management component, the device performance management component includes a transmission power management module and a receiving sensitivity management module;

[0038] The base station transceiver is the core equipment of the communication base station, responsible for processing and transmitting wireless signals to ensure effective communication between user equipment and the network. When sending or receiving telegrams, its main function is to convert digital signals into radio waves for transmission, or convert received radio waves into digital signals for decoding to achieve wireless communication;

[0039] Transmit power directly affects signal coverage and communication quality, and is also related to electromagnetic radiation and energy consumption. If the transmit power is too high, it may cause interference to other base stations and increase unnecessary energy consumption; if the transmit power is too low, it will lead to insufficient signal coverage.

[0040] The transmission power management module estimates the transmission power of the communication base station management system and the signal propagation loss according to the network planning and actual coverage. You can use the formula express, is the propagation distance data, is the radio wave frequency data; the transmission power of the communication base station is , the power received by the receiving end is ,but ; In order to ensure that the receiving end within the coverage area can receive a signal with sufficient strength, it is necessary to ensure , The minimum receiving power for the receiving end to work normally; after the distance data and working frequency data of the coverage range are determined in network planning, the lower limit of the transmission power can be calculated. ;

[0041] The actual transmission power of the communication base station management system is ,like , it is determined that the transmission power is too high, which will cause interference to other base stations and increase unnecessary energy consumption. is the transmit power comparison threshold; if , it is determined that the transmission power is too low, resulting in a small signal coverage area, and the transmission power cannot fully cover the coverage area of ​​the communication base station;

[0042] Four factors, namely, co-channel interference, terrain, building obstruction and weather conditions, will affect the transmission power of communication base stations;

[0043] The impact of co-channel interference on the transmission power of communication base stations: Assume that the co-channel interference protection ratio is ,but , is the power of the useful signal, for The total power of the co-channel interference signal, , For the The transmit power of a co-channel interference source, For the The path loss from the co-channel interference source to the receiving end; in order to ensure the communication quality, the co-channel interference protection ratio must be greater than the threshold determined by the communication standard ,but , then determine the lower limit of the transmission power of the communication base station affected by the same-frequency interference ,If there are many co-frequency interference sources and their intensity is high, the communication base station needs to increase the transmission power;

[0044] The impact of terrain on the transmission power of communication base stations: signal propagation loss compared to flat terrain , affected by the terrain, the path loss of signal propagation , is the additional path loss of different terrains relative to flat terrain, , is the radio wave frequency coefficient, is the terrain height data, and The reference points and reference point The distance data to the communication base station is used to determine the lower limit of the communication base station transmission power affected by the terrain. ;

[0045] The impact of building obstruction on the transmission power of communication base stations: Path loss data of signal propagation affected by buildings , total building penetration loss data , building reflection loss data , building absorption loss data , is the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of building materials, is the wavelength data of the radio wave signal, is the thickness data of building materials, is the relative dielectric constant of the building material; then the lower limit of the transmission power of the communication base station affected by the terrain is determined ;

[0046] The impact of weather conditions on the transmission power of communication base stations: Weather conditions such as rain, snow, fog and atmospheric humidity can cause great interference to the transmission of millimeter wave signals. The path loss data of signal propagation affected by rainy weather , and is the coefficient related to rainfall, is the rainfall; the same formula as the path loss data affected by rainy weather is established to obtain the path loss data affected by snowy weather , path loss data affected by foggy weather and path loss data affected by wet weather ; The lower limit of the transmission power of the communication base station affected by weather conditions ;

[0047] The lower limit of the transmission power of the communication base station affected by four factors: co-channel interference, terrain, building obstruction and weather conditions , take the maximum value of the four influencing factors on the transmission power of the communication base station;

[0048] Receiving sensitivity determines the ability of the device to correctly receive weak signals, which directly affects the reliability of communication. If the receiving sensitivity decreases, it may cause problems such as call interruption and data transmission errors.

[0049] The receiving end's hardware, environment, and software configuration are three factors that affect the receiving sensitivity;

[0050] The receiving sensitivity management module determines the hardware damage that affects the receiving sensitivity. The hardware includes antennas, low-noise amplifiers, and RF filters. The appearance data and connection data of antennas, low-noise amplifiers, and RF filters are collected to determine the appearance and connection of antennas, low-noise amplifiers, and RF filters. The hardware appearance inspection data is , the hardware appearance preset data is ,like , it is determined that the deviation of the hardware appearance is small, which is normal loss and does not affect the normal use of the hardware, and is the preset appearance comparison value; otherwise, it is determined that the hardware damage will change the electrical characteristics of the antenna, thereby affecting the receiving sensitivity of the hardware; when judging the connection status, detect whether the distance between the connector and the connection position has changed. If the distance between the connector and the connection position is greater than the preset distance comparison value, it is determined that the hardware connection is loose, which will have an adverse effect on the receiving sensitivity of the hardware. Otherwise, the continuity of the hardware receiving signal and the volatility of the signal are detected. If the hardware receiving signal is intermittent and the volatility of the signal jumps greatly, it is determined that the hardware connection is poorly connected, which will have an adverse effect on the receiving sensitivity of the hardware, and the maintenance personnel are informed in time by the buzzer to repair the problem;

[0051] The receiving sensitivity management module determines the antenna gain and directivity measurement, actually measures the antenna gain value, and compares it with the nominal gain value of the antenna. If the difference between the actual gain value and the nominal gain value is greater than the set gain comparison value, it is determined that the antenna gain is weakened, resulting in a decrease in receiving sensitivity.

[0052] To measure the directivity of the antenna, select a direction as a reference direction and record the position of the omnidirectional antenna and the direction of the directional antenna at this time; set the output power of the signal generator to a fixed value, use the signal generator to send a test signal in the reference direction through the omnidirectional antenna, and record the signal strength received by the receiving end of the communication base station at this time; change the direction of the omnidirectional antenna in turn at the same preset angle interval, send test signals to different directions, and record the signal strength received by the receiving end of the communication base station, and repeat this process until a circle of testing is completed; based on the received signal strength data recorded in different directions, draw a signal strength distribution diagram with the direction angle as the horizontal coordinate and the received signal strength as the vertical coordinate; overlap and compare the drawn signal strength distribution diagram with the nominal directivity diagram of the directional antenna. If the spacing between the connecting lines on the two diagrams is less than the preset deviation value, the directivity of the directional antenna is determined to be correct; if the nominal directivity of the directional antenna is to have the maximum received signal strength in a certain direction, and the test results also show that the received signal strength is the largest in this direction, the directivity of the directional antenna is also determined to be correct;

[0053] The noise environment and multipath fading in the environmental factors will affect the sensitivity of the received signal at the communication base station receiving end. The minimum transmission power of the communication base station affected by the transmission factors is , in the presence of a noisy environment, the noise power at the receiving end , is the Boltzmann constant, is the equivalent noise temperature of the receiving system, is the bandwidth of the receiving system, then the minimum signal that the communication base station receiving end can receive is , is the preset minimum signal-to-noise ratio; since the signal reaches the receiving end through multiple paths, the random fading caused by the superposition of the signals of these paths leads to multipath fading, and the fading factor of the corresponding transmission path is , then affected by the fading of different paths, the minimum signal power that the receiver can receive is ;

[0054] The receiving algorithm, demodulation method and base station configuration related to software and configuration will affect the sensitivity of the received signal at the receiving end of the communication base station. The gain coefficient of the receiving algorithm data on the sensitivity of the received signal , and are the minimum signal data that the communication base station receiving end can receive before and after the receiving algorithm gain; similarly, the gain coefficient of the demodulation method and base station configuration on the received signal sensitivity is obtained. and ;

[0055] Under normal hardware performance conditions, considering the impact of the environment and software configuration on the sensitivity of the received signal at the communication base station receiving end, the minimum transmit power .

[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A communication base station management system, characterized in that: It includes a base transceiver station and a device performance management component, and the device performance management component includes a transmission power management module and a receiving sensitivity management module; The transmission power management module determines the interference to the transmission power of the communication base station caused by four factors: co-frequency interference, terrain, building obstruction and weather conditions, and determines whether interference is caused to the transmission power. If interference is caused, the transmission power is readjusted according to the interference intensity to ensure that the communication base station transceiver station can transmit the code signal to the receiving end at any position within the coverage area when transmitting the code signal; According to the network planning and actual coverage, the transmission power of the communication base station management system is estimated to obtain the signal propagation loss data. , the transmission power of the communication base station is , the power received by the receiving end is ,but ; In order to ensure that the receiving end within the coverage area can receive a signal with sufficient strength, it is necessary to ensure , The minimum receiving power for the receiving end to work normally; After determining the distance data and operating frequency data of the coverage range in network planning, calculate the lower limit of the transmission power ; The receiving sensitivity management module includes two judgments: the hardware of the receiving end and the environment and software configuration of the receiving end. The judgment steps for the impact of environmental and software factors are as follows: Step 1: The minimum transmission power of the communication base station affected by the transmission factors is , in the presence of a noisy environment, the noise power at the receiving end , is the Boltzmann constant, is the equivalent noise temperature of the receiving system, is the bandwidth of the receiving system, then the minimum signal that the communication base station receiving end can receive is , is the preset minimum signal-to-noise ratio; Step 2: Since the signal reaches the receiving end through multiple paths, the random fading caused by the superposition of the signals of these paths leads to multipath fading. The fading factor of the corresponding transmission path is , is the path number, then the minimum signal power that the receiver can receive is affected by the fading of different paths. ; Then the minimum received signal power affected by environmental factors is ; Step 3: The receiving algorithm, demodulation method and base station configuration related to software and configuration will affect the sensitivity of the received signal at the receiving end of the communication base station. The gain coefficient of the receiving algorithm data on the sensitivity of the received signal , and are the minimum signal data that the communication base station receiving end can receive before and after the receiving algorithm gain; similarly, the gain coefficient of the demodulation method and base station configuration on the received signal sensitivity is obtained. and ; Step 4: Under normal hardware performance conditions, consider the impact of the environment and software configuration on the sensitivity of the received signal at the communication base station receiving end, and set the transmission power. .

2. A communication base station management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmit power management module determines the impact of co-channel interference and terrain factors. The specific steps of the determination are as follows: Step 1: Assume the co-channel interference protection ratio is ,but , is the power of the useful signal, for The total power of the same-frequency interference signals; Step 2: To ensure communication quality, the co-channel interference protection ratio must be greater than the threshold determined by the communication standard ,but , then determine the lower limit of the transmission power of the communication base station affected by the same-frequency interference ; Step 3: Signal propagation loss compared to flat terrain , affected by the terrain, the path loss of signal propagation , additional path loss data for non-flat terrain , is the radio wave frequency coefficient, is the terrain height data, and The reference points and reference point The distance data to the communication base station is used to determine the lower limit of the communication base station transmission power affected by the terrain. .

3. A communication base station management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmit power management module determines the impact of building obstruction and weather conditions. The specific steps of the determination are as follows: Step 1: Path loss data of signal propagation affected by buildings , total building penetration loss data , is the building reflection loss data, The building absorption loss data is used to determine the lower limit of the communication base station transmission power affected by the terrain. ; Step 2: Rain, snow, fog and atmospheric humidity in weather conditions will interfere with the transmission of millimeter wave signals. Path loss data of signal propagation affected by rainfall , and is the coefficient related to rainfall, is the rainfall, is the propagation distance data; Step 3: Establish the same formula as the path loss data affected by rainy weather to obtain the path loss data affected by snowy weather , path loss data affected by foggy weather and path loss data affected by wet weather ; The lower limit of the transmission power of the communication base station affected by weather conditions ; Step 4: The minimum transmission power of the communication base station affected by the four factors of co-channel interference, terrain, building obstruction and weather conditions , take the maximum value of the four influencing factors on the transmission power of the communication base station.

4. A communication base station management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving sensitivity management module determines the impact of hardware factors. The specific steps of the determination are as follows: Step 1: The hardware appearance inspection data is , the hardware appearance preset data is ,like , it is determined that the deviation in the hardware appearance is small and is normal wear and tear, which does not affect the normal use of the hardware. is the preset appearance comparison value; Otherwise, it is determined that hardware damage will change the electrical characteristics of the antenna, thereby affecting the hardware's receiving sensitivity; Step 2: When judging the connection status, detect whether the distance between the connector and the connection position has changed. If the distance between the connector and the connection position is greater than the preset distance comparison value, it is determined that the connection of the hardware is loose, which will have an adverse effect on the receiving sensitivity of the hardware. Otherwise, the continuity of the hardware receiving signal and the fluctuation of the signal are detected; Step 3: If the hardware receives intermittent signals and the signal fluctuates greatly, it is determined that the hardware connection is poor, which will have an adverse effect on the hardware's receiving sensitivity. The buzzer will beep in time to inform the maintenance personnel to repair the problem; otherwise, the antenna gain and directivity measurements will be made to determine; Step 4: If the difference between the actual gain value and the nominal gain value is greater than the set gain comparison value, it is determined that the antenna gain is weakened, resulting in a decrease in receiving sensitivity; at the same preset angle interval, the direction of the omnidirectional antenna is changed in turn, and the test signal is sent to different directions, and the signal strength received by the receiving end of the communication base station is recorded. This process is repeated until a circle of testing is completed, and a signal strength distribution diagram is drawn; The drawn signal strength distribution diagram is overlapped and compared with the nominal directivity diagram of the directional antenna. If the distance between the connecting lines on the two diagrams is less than the preset deviation value, it is determined that the directivity of the directional antenna is correct; If the nominal directivity of a directional antenna is to have the maximum received signal strength in a certain direction, and the test results also show that the received signal strength is the greatest in that direction, then the directivity of the directional antenna is also determined to be correct.

5. A management method for a communication base station management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The three influencing factors of the receiving end's hardware, environment and software configuration are judged to determine whether the sensitivity of the received signal at the communication base station receiving end is affected by the receiving end's hardware, environment and software configuration, and then the communication base station transmission power is adjusted according to the influence.

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