Access control system for buildings

Abstract

Access control system (1) for buildings (2) with a stationary unit (20) and a mobile unit (10), wherein the mobile unit (10) has a mobile transceiver (11) which is designed to transmit wirelessly and encrypted signals (S) for authentication and authorization of the mobile unit (10) with respect to the stationary unit (20) and for control of the stationary unit (20) by the mobile unit (10) to a stationary transceiver (21) of the stationary unit (20), wherein the stationary unit (20) comprises a control device (22) which is designed to determine a distance (r) and an angle (Φ) as a position of the mobile unit (10) relative to the stationary unit (20) from the signals (S) transmitted from the mobile transceiver (11) to the stationary transceiver (21), so that the position of the mobile unit (10) can be specified as polar coordinates of a polar coordinate system lying in a horizontal plane, in whose coordinate origin the stationary transceiver (21) is arranged, and to control a function when a control command for triggering the function is transmitted to the stationary unit (20) by a mobile unit (10) authenticated and authorized by the stationary unit (20) and / or the position of the mobile unit (10) is within a predetermined access area (30), and wherein the control device (22) has a learning mode in which the control device (22) is designed to determine a respective position of the mobile unit (10) and to store it as a position assigned to an object, initiated by a respective learning control command.

Description

The invention relates to an access control system for buildings.Access control systems in the sense of the invention are understood to be systems which have a stationary or stationary unit and a mobile unit which can be carried along by a user and in which the units mentioned communicate with one another wirelessly for authenticating and authenticating the mobile unit and thus the user with respect to the stationary unit. On the basis of the authentication and authorization, the stationary unit controls various functions and in particular enables or locks an associated access, for example a door or a gate. Beyond most conventional access systems, a position determination is also provided in the access system according to the invention, as will be explained in detail.Wirelessly operating access control systems are known from the prior art and are known, for example, from the documents WO 2023 / 222462 A1 and DE 10 2020 114 403 A1.However, such systems are further optimizable.The object of the invention is therefore to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide an access control system with improved security and increased comfort.This object is achieved by the combination of features according to claim 1.According to the invention, therefore, an access control system for buildings or a building access control system is proposed, which correspondingly has a stationary, i.e. stationary and preferably stationary unit connected to the building and a mobile, i.e. non-stationary unit that is portable in particular by a user. The mobile unit is essentially an electronic key, which can be designed, for example, in the form of a smart FOB or else a smartphone. Fundamentally, both the stationary unit and the mobile unit have a respective transceiver, wherein a transceiver unit is to be understood as a transceiver. For the transceiver of the mobile unit referred to as a mobile transceiver, it preferably has at least one antenna and an evaluation unit for transmitting signals via the at least one antenna and for evaluating the signals received via the at least one antenna. For the transceiver of the stationary unit, which is referred to as a stationary transceiver, it preferably has at least two antennas and an evaluation unit for transmitting signals via at least one of the two antennas and for evaluating the signals received via both of the antennas. The mobile transceiver is designed to transmit signals wirelessly, in particular via radio, to the transceiver of the stationary unit, which is referred to as the stationary transceiver, for authentication and authorization of the mobile unit with respect to the stationary unit and optionally for control of the stationary unit by the mobile unit.It is fundamentally to be established that authentication is understood to mean the checking of whether the mobile unit or its identity of the stationary unit is known, in particular a unique identification number of the mobile unit is stored in the stationary unit, whereas authorisation is understood to mean the checking of whether the authenticated mobile unit has access authorisation for the access controlled by the access control system. Authentication and authorization can be carried out integrally with one another or separately from one another.It is essential to the invention that the stationary unit has a control device which is designed to determine a distance and an angle from the signals transmitted from the mobile transceiver to the stationary transceiver as a position of the mobile unit relative to the stationary unit, so that the position of the mobile unit can be specified as polar coordinates of a polar coordinate system lying in a horizontal plane, in the coordinate origin of which the stationary transceiver is arranged. Based on this, the control device is further configured to trigger or control a function corresponding in particular to a corresponding control command if a control command for triggering the function is transmitted to the stationary unit by a mobile unit authenticated and authorized by the stationary unit and / or the position of the mobile unit is within an access range which is predetermined and can be learned in particular by a user or an authenticated and further preferably authorized user and which can be determined, for example, solely by a distance of the mobile unit from the stationary unit or the position of the mobile unit, so that the mobile unit can be considered to be within the access range if the distance mentioned below is less than a predetermined limit value.An access area is understood to be a two-dimensional and horizontally extending area on or around the stationary unit and accordingly, for example and abstracts, an area on a floor in the area of the stationary unit or an access that can be controlled by the access control system, as would be possible, for example, in a view from above or a top view.The polar coordinate system is accordingly preferably located in a horizontal plane with respect to the earth or the ground.Accordingly, it is advantageous for comfort and safety if the position of the user can be determined as accurately as possible and the position, dimensioning and / or orientation of relevant objects and regions in the region detectable by the stationary unit, for example in a radar mode or also when determining the position of the mobile unit, can also be determined as accurately as possible. However, the manual input of all data would be comparatively complicated and laborious for the user, so that such a manual input of all values is to be avoided according to the invention.According to the invention, it is therefore provided that the control device has a training mode in which the control device is designed to determine a respective position of the mobile unit and to store it as a position assigned to an object, initiated by a respective training control command.If, for example, a training control command intended for this purpose is transmitted to the stationary unit via a smartphone functioning as a mobile unit, the position of the mobile unit is determined by the stationary unit and stored as the position of an object, for example an operating element of the access.Functions to be controlled by corresponding control commands are, in particular, comfort functions, so that, for example, illumination elements can also be controlled by a corresponding control command.However, basic functions of the access control system and thus in particular unlocking and locking an access controlled by the access control system preferably do not require a transmission of a control command, but rather are carried out automatically by the control device when an authenticated and authorized mobile unit, i.e. its position, is located within the access area. By repeated position determination, it is also possible to distinguish between entering the access area and leaving the access area and to actuate a corresponding function, for example unlocking the access when entering and locking the access when leaving.The transceivers are preferably combined Bluetooth or Bluetooth Low Energy, BLE for short, and ultra-wideband transceivers, UWB transceivers for short, it also being possible to use other radio methods or radio transceivers, provided they make possible a determination of the position according to the invention.The fact that position determination is possible by means of such transceivers is fundamentally known in this case. In particular, the angle can be determined from a phase shift between a signal received at both antennas and the distance of the antennas. In this case, the phase shift can be determined via the so-called phase difference of arrival (PDoA).With regard to the phase shift, reference is made to the fact that a signal is received by the two antennas spaced apart from one another on the basis of the distance with waves or phases shifted from one another, wherein the phase shift corresponds to the shift of the phases or carrier waves with respect to one another.The same applies to the distance of the two antennas in the horizontal plane that it can preferably already be stored in the control device or can be called up by it.Furthermore, according to the invention, it is provided that the control device is designed to determine a measured distance between the stationary transceiver and the mobile transceiver from a signal received at the stationary transceiver from the mobile transceiver.The measured distance can be determined, for example, in that the control device is designed to determine the measured distance from a transmission time of a signal (Time of Flight (ToF)) received at the stationary transceiver from the mobile transceiver and / or from a transmission time of a signal received at the stationary transceiver from the stationary transceiver via the mobile transceiver and / or from a signal strength of a signal (RSSI) received at the stationary transceiver from the mobile transceiver.According to an advantageous development, the control device is designed to generate the respective training control command after a predetermined time. Thus, for example, a visual or acoustic instruction can be given to the user to position the mobile unit on an object or in an area. The instruction can be given directly by the stationary unit or by means of the mobile unit itself.Alternatively, but also additionally, the training control command can be generated when an input signal is present at a switching input of the control device, wherein the input signal can be generated, for example, by an actuating element of the access or a sensor connected to the control device.Likewise alternatively or additionally, the respective training control command can be generated after receiving a signal transmitted by the mobile unit, wherein the training control command itself can be transmitted via the signal.As explained, it can be provided to give the user instructions for positioning the mobile unit. For this purpose, the control device and / or the stationary unit per se and / or the mobile unit can be designed to generate, in the training mode, for example visually, acoustically or also haptically instructions for positioning the mobile unit, which instructions can be perceived accordingly by a user carrying the mobile unit with him.Basically, it is preferably provided that the control device is designed to store a position determined by a training control command for training an object and / or region as the position of the object and / or region, wherein essentially any objects or regions can be trained thereby. It is understood that the mobile unit should be positioned on the object or in the area and preferably in a geometric center point of the area when determining the position. Objects trainable in this way include the access or a door functioning as an access, the actuating element of the access, for example a door handle or a door latch, walls of the building and obstacles, such as, for example, fences. Such a region can be, for example, the access region or a region to be excluded for the position determination.On the basis thereof, the control device is preferably designed to determine an orientation and / or a course and / or a dimensioning of the object and / or the area in the polar coordinate system with the position of the object and / or the area as well as dimensions that can be input by a user and / or can be called up by the control device and / or stored in the control device.The distance determined during the position determination corresponds to the length of the direct connection between the stationary transceiver and the mobile transceiver, so that in the polar coordinate system extending in the horizontal plane, a deviation may occur due to a height difference between the mobile transceiver and the stationary transceiver that may be present in the three-dimensional space.This height difference can basically be taken into account and the determined distance corrected for the indication as a position in the polar coordinate system.This height difference can also be understood and referred to as a vertical distance between the stationary transceiver and the mobile transceiver, which is therefore the distance of the transceivers from one another along the axis orthogonal to the horizontal plane.Thus, the actual distance for the indication as a position in the polar coordinate system can be determined, for example, from the determined distance, i.e. the direct connection between stationary transceiver and mobile transceiver, and the existing height difference between these by means of the set of pythagoras. However, the height difference must be known for this purpose.Although this height difference could be entered manually by the user, an advantageous further development provides that the control device is designed to store the distance of the position of the mobile unit as an offset or height difference, i.e. vertical distance, of the mobile unit to the stationary unit in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal plane from a position determined by a training control command for training a position of the stationary unit, at which position the mobile unit can be arranged in the coordinate origin of the polar coordinate system.When triggering the training control command for training a position of the stationary unit, the user can thus arrange the mobile unit on the stationary unit, but at a normal or intended use height, e.g. at the height of its pocket. Since the mobile unit is arranged on the stationary unit with respect to its position, but a distance greater than 0 will be determined, the distance corresponds to the height offset, so that the determination of all positions can be corrected as a result.One aspect of a development of the invention is here that the vertical distance between the mobile unit and the stationary unit can be stored in the control device specifically for a mobile unit that can be determined by an identification number. Accordingly, a unit- or user-specific correction factor can be determined or stored for different mobile units with correspondingly different identification numbers, which can be assigned to different users and thus in particular to different sizes, and a correspondingly individual correction of the horizontal distance can take place.For controlling the functions, it is extremely advantageous if, in particular with regard to the locking and unlocking of the access, the position of important objects, such as that of the access, is known. An advantageous development therefore provides that the control device is designed to store a first position, which is determined by a training control command for training a first position of the access and in which the mobile unit can be arranged on a first boundary of the access, the position of the mobile unit as a first boundary of the access. Analogously, the control device is likewise designed to store the position of the mobile unit as a second boundary of the access, a second position determined by a training control command for training a second position of the access, in which the mobile unit can be arranged on a second boundary of the access. Starting from this, the control device is designed to determine a position and / or an orientation and / or a course and / or a dimensioning of the access in the polar coordinate system from the first boundary and the second boundary.Additionally or alternatively, it can be provided that an orientation and / or a course of a wall assigned to the access in the polar coordinate system is also determined as a result.If a door with a door frame and door frames is assumed as an access, the first door frame of the door frame can first be taught by means of the teaching control command for teaching the first position and then the second door frame of the door frame can be taught by means of the teaching control command for teaching the second position, so that the orientation, width or dimension and also the position of the access can be determined from this.On the basis of the fact that not only objects but also areas can be taught, it is also expedient for the functionality of the access control system for the access control system to have knowledge about an entry area of the access, into which the user thus enters when passing through the access into the building.Such an entry region can be taught by teaching four positions as the corners of a quadrangular entry region one after the other.However, in a simplified manner and proceeding from the dimensioning and positioning of the access, it is preferably provided that the control device is designed to determine the position and the dimensioning of the access from the first boundary and the second boundary and to determine an alignment and / or a course and / or a dimensioning of a or of the entry region of the access from the position and the dimensioning of the access and a position of a region directly adjoining the access indicating a midpoint. In addition to the position and dimensioning of the access, which is preferably already taught in any case, it is therefore only necessary to determine the center point of the entry region with respect to its position.Preferably, it is further provided that the polar coordinate system is divided or segmented by a distance grid and an angle grid and virtual, i.e. imaginary, nodes are formed at the points of intersection of the distance grid with the angle grid, wherein the control device is configured to normalize the position of the mobile unit to the nearest node or to the node determined according to a predetermined rule, i.e. to store the coordinates or position of the nearest node as the coordinates or position of the mobile unit. Instead of the normalization to the closest node, for example, the normalization could be to the one of two nodes further away from the stationary unit in the radial direction.Based on a necessary and expected accuracy of the position determination by means of the stationary transceiver, the distance grid can provide a step size or subdivision between 2 cm and 50 cm, in particular 5 cm and 30 cm, preferably between 10 cm and 20 cm and further preferably approximately 15 cm or even approximately 30 cm.The angle grid can analogously provide a step width or subdivision between 1° and 30°, in particular between 2° and 20°, preferably between 5° and 15° and further preferably approximately 10° or even approximately 20°. Preferably, owing to the better or simpler implementability and the at the same time sufficient resolution, 5° in each case applies as lower limit.Furthermore, it is preferably provided that polar coordinates are located laterally to the right of the stationary transceiver in the positive angular direction of the polar coordinate system and polar coordinates are located laterally to the left of the stationary transceiver in the negative angular direction of the polar coordinate system. Left and right should be understood here in each case starting from a plan view and from the perspective of the stationary transceiver and pointing away from the building. Correspondingly, preferably and starting from two antennas, in particular angles of -90° to +90° and thus 180° are detected, wherein a total coverage of 360° can also be achieved by more antennas.Starting from such a rastered polar coordinate system, the objects and / or areas are preferably stored as the nodes encompassed by the objects or areas, so that an object or area can thus be specified by the set of nodes which lie within the respective area or object.According to a further aspect of the invention, an access control system according to the invention and in particular the control device is designed to carry out a method for learning a respective position of a mobile unit as a position assigned to an object, using an access control system according to the invention. According to the method, it is provided that in a or the training mode, initiated by a respective training control command, a respective position of the mobile unit is determined and the position is stored as a position assigned to an object.The details concerning the access control system also apply analogously to the method and can be transferred directly to the latter.The features disclosed above can be combined as desired, provided that this is technically possible and they do not conflict with one another.Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims or are illustrated in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention on the basis of the figures. The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows an access control system in a plan view; FIG. 2 shows a segmentation of a polar coordinate system determined by distance grids and angle grids during the training of a position of an actuating element; FIG. 3 shows an access control system when learning a position of an access; FIG. 4 shows an access control system when learning a position of a building wall having the access; FIG. 5 shows an access control system when learning an entry area; FIG. 6 shows an access control system during training of a vertical distance; FIG. 7 shows the procedure during the teaching of positions.The figures are schematic by way of example. Like reference numerals in the figures indicate like functional and / or structural features.FIG. 1 schematically shows the essential components of an access control system 1 on a building 2 within the meaning of the invention.Such an access control system 1 fundamentally has a stationary unit 20 and a mobile unit 10, wherein the stationary unit 20 is connected in a stationary manner or to the building 2 and is designed to control the access 3, for example a door, of the building 2 and accordingly in particular to lock or unlock the access 3 or the door 3 depending on the position of the mobile unit 10, wherein the stationary unit 20 receives signals S from the mobile unit 10 for determining the position and for authenticating and authorizeing the mobile unit 10. The mobile unit 10 has a mobile BLE UWB transceiver 11 which is designed to transmit signals S to a stationary BLE UWB transceiver 21 of the stationary unit 20 wirelessly and in encrypted form for authenticating and authenticating the mobile unit 10 with respect to the stationary unit 20 and, if appropriate, for controlling the stationary unit 20 by the mobile unit 10.In general, identification or authentication preferably takes place via BLE, whereas the localization or position determination preferably takes place via UWB by means of cryptologically secured communication.It can be provided that the control of the stationary unit 20 should not be based, or preferably at least not exclusively, on control commands received from the mobile unit 10, but should be checked whether the mobile unit is within a predetermined access area 30.Accordingly, the stationary unit 20 has a control device 22, which is designed to determine a position of the mobile unit 10 relative to the stationary unit 20 from the signals S transmitted from the mobile transceiver 11 to the stationary transceiver 21 and to automatically control a function if the position of the mobile unit 10 is within a predetermined access range 30. Optionally, it may also be necessary for a control command for triggering the function to be transmitted to the stationary unit 20 by a mobile unit 10 authenticated and authorized by the stationary unit 20.As exemplarily shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the predetermined access area may be a defined area within a polar coordinate system at the center of which the stationary unit 20 is disposed. However, the predetermined access area 30 can be a predetermined angle range, distance range, a combination of angle and distance range or the entire area of the stationary unit detectable by the polar coordinate system, so that the access area 30 would be determined in the latter case merely by a maximum transmission or reception power of the two transceivers 11, 21.Basically, it is provided that the control device 22 determines an angle φ from which the signals S were received and a distance r from which the signals S were received from the signals S transmitted from the mobile transceiver 11 to the stationary transceiver 21, so that the respective position of the mobile unit 10 can be indicated as polar coordinates of the polar coordinate system.As is evident in particular with reference to FIG. 6, the polar coordinate system is understood to extend in a horizontal plane 6, which accordingly runs substantially parallel to the ground or to a surface of a reference system that can be referred to as the ground.In order to simplify calculations and comparisons and thus to speed up them, it is provided that the polar coordinate system is divided by a distance grid 41 and an angle grid 42 or is segmented into individual segments 46, so that virtual, i.e. imaginary, nodes 43 are thus formed at the points of intersection of the distance grid 41 with the angle grid 42, each segment 46 being determined by four nodes 43, as is illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5.Based on this, the control device 22 is configured to normalize, i.e. to change or to round, the previously determined position of the mobile unit 10 to the nearest node 43.Also referring to FIG. 2, it is shown that the access area 30 can be determined, for example, by boundary points 31 normalized to the nodes 43.The details given in FIG. 2 apply analogously to FIGS. 3 to 5, wherein a training of a respective object or region is shown in each case.Furthermore, FIG. 2 shows a training of an operating or actuating element 4 of the access 3 and, in the present case, for example of a door latch or a door handle. For this purpose, the mobile unit is placed on the actuating element 4. Subsequently, for example, a training control command is transmitted from the smartphone provided as a mobile unit 10 to the stationary unit 20 or its control device 22 by means of a signal S. Based on the signal S, the stationary unit 20 determines the position of the mobile unit 10, normalizes the position to the nearest node 44 and stores the node 44 or the position normalized to the node 44 as the position of the actuating element 4.FIG. 3 shows a teaching or training of the access 3 or of the door functioning as access 3. First, the mobile unit 10 is arranged at a first boundary of the access 3 and, starting from the illustration of FIG. 3, at the right-hand door frame, as seen from outside the building 2. The generation of a training control command is then triggered by the mobile unit 10 or the training control command is transmitted from the mobile unit 10 to the stationary unit 20. Alternatively, the training control command for training a first position of the access 3 can be generated by an input on the stationary unit 20. After receiving the teaching control command, the position of the mobile unit 10 is determined as the first position. The user then moves the mobile unit 10 to a second boundary of the access 3 and, in the present case, to the left door frame of the access 3. Now, a training control command for training a second position of the access 3 is generated, the position of the mobile unit 10 is determined and stored as a second boundary of the access. After the respective position determination or after the determination of both positions, these are normalized to the closest nodes 45. As is evident from FIG. 3, this results in both the dimensioning or width and also positioning or alignment of the access 3 in the polar coordinate system. Although the two positions may be sufficient, for the sake of simplifying subsequent comparisons, it may be provided that not only the two determined positions but also all nodes situated between the positions 45 are stored as belonging to the access 3, so that the access 3 is determined by the set of nodes assigned to it.If, as shown in FIG. 4, not only the access 3 but additionally the entire wall of the building 2 assigned to the access 3 is to be detected, all nodes 43 can be stored as belonging to the wall, which nodes are located on a line running through the two nodes 45 determining the access 3 and extending as far as the coordinate origin. This can be carried out correspondingly integrally during the training of the access 3. Furthermore, it would be possible to train the wall separately and analogously to the access 3, so that the wall would be defined by two boundaries and all intermediate nodes 43.According to FIG. 5, an entry region 7 is determined, it being intended to illustrate that a rectangular region is not rectangular by the polar coordinate system, but rather is stored as the set of nodes 43 lying therein.Fundamentally different variants are conceivable for teaching the area or entry area 7, wherein it is preferably provided that proceeding from the teaching of the access 3 a displacement is carried out and only one position is taught as the center 8 of the entry area 7. Subsequently, the area or the nodes 43 belonging to it is determined by the relative positioning of the center 8 with respect to the access 3 and from the width of the access 3.As can be seen clearly from FIG. 6, the installation situation of the stationary unit 20 and in three-dimensional space can result in the distance rg, measured for example by means of ToF, due to a vertical distance rv between the stationary unit 20 or its stationary transceiver 21 and the mobile unit 10 or the user 5 carrying the mobile unit 10 with him not corresponding to the actual distance r in the polar coordinate system extending or lying in the horizontal plane 5.In order to increase the accuracy and thus at the same time the comfort and safety of the access system 1, the control device 22 is therefore designed to learn the vertical distance rv in the training mode. For this purpose, the user 5 positions himself with the mobile unit 10 on the stationary unit 20, but with regard to the vertical distance according to the intended use. Then, the position of the mobile unit 10 is determined. On the basis of the vertical distance rv, a value deviating from 0 will be measured during the position determination, so that the value determined in this case can be stored as the vertical distance rv.The positions determined by the stationary unit 20 can be easily corrected with the distance rv determined thereby and the position determination can thereby be significantly improved.The distance r for the position indication in the polar coordinate system can be determined, for example, by the formula, starting from the distance rg initially measured in each case by the stationary unit 20.An exemplary sequence during the teaching or training of the positions is illustrated in FIG. 7, wherein the individual segments can also be carried out separately and independently. Accordingly, the control device 22 is preferably designed to carry out the following steps or at least a part of the steps.Step A The controller 22 is switched to the teaching mode.Step B The user 5 is requested by the mobile unit 10 to arrange the mobile unit 10 at the intended height in the coordinate origin and thus below the stationary unit 20.Step C The user 5 positions the mobile unit 10 accordingly and generates a teaching control command.Step D By means of ToF, the stationary unit 20 measures the distance between the stationary unit 20 and the mobile unit 10 and stores it as the vertical distance rv.Step E In all subsequent position determinations of the position of the mobile unit 10, the distance r between the mobile unit 10 and the stationary unit 20 is corrected on the basis of the vertical distance rv.Step F The user 5 is requested by the mobile unit 10 to position the mobile unit 10 on the operating element 4.Step G The user 5 positions the mobile unit 10 accordingly and generates a teaching control command.Step H The stationary unit 20 determines the position of the mobile unit 10 and stores the position determined thereby, if appropriate normalized to the nearest node 43, as the position of the actuating element 4.Step J The user 5 is requested by the mobile unit 10 to position the mobile unit 10 on the right side of the door frame of the access 3 as viewed from outside the building 2.Step K The user 5 positions the mobile unit 10 accordingly and generates a teaching control command.Step L The stationary unit 20 determines the position of the mobile unit 10 and stores the position determined thereby, if appropriate normalized to the nearest node 43, as the position of the first boundary of the access 3.Step M The user 5 is requested by the mobile unit 10 to position the mobile unit 10 on the left side of the door frame of the access 3 as viewed from outside the building 2.Step N The user 5 positions the mobile unit 10 accordingly and generates a teaching control command.Step O The stationary unit 20 determines the position of the mobile unit 10 and stores the position determined thereby, optionally normalized to the nearest node 43, as the position of the second boundary of the access 3.Step P With the positions of the first boundary and the second boundary, an imaginary line extending from the coordinate origin through the boundaries is generated and all nodes 43 lying on the imaginary line or in a tolerance range around the imaginary line are stored as belonging to a wall having the access 3.Step Q The user 5 is requested by the mobile unit 10 to position the mobile unit 10 in the center 8 of an entrance area 7 which the user 5 enters when entering the building 2.Step R The user 5 positions the mobile unit 10 accordingly and generates a teaching control command.Step S The stationary unit 20 determines the position of the mobile unit 10 and stores the position determined thereby, if appropriate normalized to the nearest node 43 as the position of the center 8 of the entry region 7.Step T Starting from the center 8 and the two boundaries 45 of the access 3, the entry region 7 is determined, wherein the entry region 7, for example starting from the access 3, has a depth equal to twice the distance between the access 3 and the center 8 and a width equal to 1.5 times the width of the access 3.Step U All nodes 43 lying within the entry area 7 are stored as belonging to the entry area 7.Step V The teaching mode is ended.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedWO 2023 / 222462 A1

[0003] DE 10 2020 114 403 A1

[0003]

Claims

Access control system (1) for buildings (2) having a stationary unit (20) and a mobile unit (10), wherein the mobile unit (10) has a mobile transceiver (11) which is designed to transmit signals (S) for authentication and authorization of the mobile unit (10) with respect to the stationary unit (20) and for control of the stationary unit (20) by the mobile unit (10) to a stationary transceiver (21) of the stationary unit (20), wherein the stationary unit (20) has a control device (22) which is designed to determine a distance (r) and an angle (Φ) as a position of the mobile unit (10) relative to the stationary unit (20) from the signals (S) transmitted from the mobile transceiver (11) to the stationary transceiver (21), such that the position of the mobile unit (10) can be specified as polar coordinates of a polar coordinate system lying in a horizontal plane, in the coordinate origin of which the stationary transceiver (21) is arranged, and to control a function when a control command for triggering the function is transmitted to the stationary unit (20) by a mobile unit (10) authenticated and authorized by the stationary unit (20) and / or the position of the mobile unit (10) is within a predetermined access range (30), and wherein the control device (22) has a training mode in which the control device (22) is designed to initiate, by a respective training control command, a respective position of the mobile unit (10) to be determined and to be stored as a position assigned to an object.Access control system according to Claim 1, wherein the control device (22) is designed to generate the respective training control command after a predetermined time and / or to generate the respective training control command when an input signal is present at a switching input of the control device (22) and / or to generate the respective training control command after receiving a signal (S) transmitted by the mobile unit (10).Access control system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control device (22) and / or the mobile unit (10) are configured to generate instructions for positioning the mobile unit (10) in the training mode.Access control system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control device (22) is designed to store a position determined by a training control command for training an object and / or area as the position of the object and / or area.Access control system according to the preceding claim, wherein the control device (22) is designed to determine an alignment and / or a course and / or a dimensioning of the object and / or the area in the polar coordinate system with the position of the object and / or the area and dimensions which can be input by a user and / or can be called up by the control device (22) and / or stored in the control device (22).Access control system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control device (22) is designed to store the distance (r) of the position of the mobile unit (10) as the vertical distance (rv) of the mobile unit (10) from the stationary unit (20) in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal plane from a position determined by a training control command for training a position of the stationary unit (20), at which the mobile unit (10) can be arranged at the coordinate origin of the polar coordinate system.Access control system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control device (22) is designed to store the position of the mobile unit (10) as a first boundary of the access, a first position determined by a training control command for training a first position of the access, at which the mobile unit (10) can be arranged on a first boundary of the access, a second position determined by a training control command for training a second position of the access, at which the mobile unit (10) can be arranged on a second boundary of the access, to store the position of the mobile unit (10) as a second boundary of the access, and to determine from the first boundary and the second boundary a position and / or an orientation and / or a course and / or a dimensioning of the access and / or an orientation and / or a course of a wall associated with the access in the polar coordinate system.Access control system according to claims 5 to 7, wherein the control device (22) is configured to determine the position and the dimensioning of the access from the first boundary and the second boundary, to determine an alignment and / or a course and / or a dimensioning of an entry region of the access from the position and the dimensioning of the access and a position of a region directly adjoining the access indicating a midpoint.

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