Variable trajectory non-circular drive system

Abstract

The invention is a variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) system (100) developed for use in all systems having an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and fluid motion and drive systems, characterised in that the variable trajectory non-circular drive system comprises: a motion axis (101) having an axis of motion (102); the geometry of the axis of motion can be adjusted, and the axis of motion is a non-circular path rather than a circular path to ensure optimal efficiency; and an adjusting mechanism (107) which adjusts the geometric path of the movement axis (101).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) system, which is used in all systems that have an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and fluid movement and drive systems. Background Art

[0002] Conventional propellers, i.e. spiral propellers, are formed by connecting a certain number and shape of blades / blades to a central hub to form a blade K profile, which is connected to the engine crankshaft. The function of the propeller is to take the output power of the engine and provide a pull or thrust to the fluid, thereby enabling the attached vehicle to maintain and move forward in the relevant fluid. The disadvantage of conventional propellers is that they are less efficient compared to circular systems because as conventional propellers move in a circular horizontal system, the blades are moved along the horizontal axis. Figure 7 Each point of the span of blade K shown in FIG. 1 rotates at a different speed. Although each point is optimized individually, losses occur at the tip and area of ​​blade K. Since the angular rotational speed of each point on the blade gradually increases as we approach the tip of blade K, efficiency losses occur. To prevent this from occurring, attempts are made to reduce efficiency losses by creating blades K with a shape that is adapted to position-based velocity. A circular propeller (rotorcraft) D is a drive system structure that converts shaft power into fluid acceleration by rotating on a circular axis using an axis that rotates perpendicular to the direction of fluid motion. The drive system structure uses one blade D1 or multiple blades D1 with a deployment axis of blade D1 parallel to the axis of rotation and perpendicular to the direction of fluid motion, such as Figure 8 As shown in . A circular propeller (gyroplane) D generates thrust by rotating the fixed points of the blades about the center and varying the angle of attack D2 of the blades continuously in one complete revolution. In other words, blade D1 is actuated with a positive pitch (outward from the center of the rotor) in the first half of its revolution and with a negative pitch (inward toward the axis of rotation) in the second half, resulting in a net upward aerodynamic force and a downward airflow D3 motion in the opposite direction. The thrust generated by the circular motion of blade D1 and the variation in angle of attack D2 produces higher thrust than a conventional propeller at lower speeds. In . Fig. 9 In the typical circular propeller D structure shown in , the blade K attack angle D2 of the blade D1 combined in a circular trajectory is different at each position.

[0003] Existing systems used in the prior art manipulate the flow direction by moving the entire drive (propulsion) system to guide the flow (tiltable drive system). Additional flow steering mechanisms can be added to the outlet (rudder, control surface, etc.). In multiple drive (propulsion) systems, each system can be used alone or as a group (drone, quadcopter, etc.). The methods used in these systems cause a certain amount of efficiency loss (gyroscopic drag, increased resistance, lift loss, etc.) depending on the work performed. In existing systems, flow cannot be optimized according to instantaneous needs. Existing systems are designed and manufactured according to where they will work and the work they will do during their service life. Only the speed and direction of movement can be changed as needed. This leads to a certain loss of instantaneous performance-efficiency balance. The operating principle of the circular propeller (rotorcraft) D requires that the angle of attack D2 of the blade D1 changes continuously throughout the complete cycle. The ideal angle of attack D2 of the blade D1 cannot be fully optimized according to their position in the circular motion, resulting in efficiency loss. In addition, all types of propellers in circular motion produce gyroscopic drag due to their structure.

[0004] In order to overcome the problems experienced in existing systems, many studies have been carried out and new blade structures have been developed. One of these studies is the subject of the invention of the utility model application numbered TR 2020 / 06876 and entitled "Innovation in vertical wind turbine blade structure". The invention is an innovation in a vertical axis wind turbine blade and is characterized by a vertical turbine shaft, at least one propeller located on the shaft, and at least one blade of conical or cylindrical type fixed to the propeller and the upper hub.

[0005] Another work is the subject of the invention of the utility model application numbered TR 2020 / 00664 and entitled "New wind turbine with horizontal and vertical axes that can bring wind to the rotor axis in different ways". The object of the invention is a new wind turbine with different horizontal and vertical axes; a new wind turbine with a double propeller blade set, with large blades with horizontal axis, without tail and with vertical axis.

[0006] Therefore, the need for a variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) system that eliminates the shortcomings of the prior art and the deficiencies of existing solutions has necessitated developments in the related art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention relates to a non-circular drive (propulsion) system with a variable trajectory, which meets the requirements mentioned above, eliminates all disadvantages and brings some other advantages, and is developed for use in all systems that have an energy relationship with the air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, as well as in movement and drive systems in fluids.

[0008] Based on the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to develop a new drive (propulsion) system by moving a vertical propeller concept on a non-circular axis of motion with a variable trajectory.

[0009] The object of the present invention is to minimize the gyroscopic drag of all types of propellers in circular motion by means of a non-circular structure with a variable trajectory. In addition, the working principle of the circular vertical drive system eliminates the need to continuously change the blade angle of attack during a complete cycle ( Fig. 9 ) and eliminates the efficiency loss caused by not being able to fully optimize the ideal angle of attack of the blades based on their position in the circular motion.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to ensure that in a variable trajectory non-circular drive system, the ideal angle of attack of the track follows the non-circular axis so that the ideal angle of attack can be obtained and optimized along the entire path.

[0011] Another object of the invention is to maintain a desired angle of attack along a non-circular axis of motion with a variable trajectory and with minimal efficiency losses compared to a circular vertical propeller (gyroplane).

[0012] Another object of the invention is to position the suction and thrust axes of the working blades in optimal positions relative to the axis of motion (without requiring a full rotation of the drive system, although the drive system can be fully rotated if necessary) so that turning is performed with maximum efficiency and minimum losses.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to enable the center of action of the work generated in the drive system to be changed in each plane due to the changeable motion trajectory in three dimensions, and to determine the most suitable size and position according to current needs, and to enable the system to take the desired shape according to this configuration.

[0014] It is another object of the present invention that by changing the shape of each variable trajectory non-circular motion axis independently or together, the force direction can be changed without changing the direction of the fluid and the direction of the drive system.

[0015] Another object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of the system by means of a movable surface that can be placed on the blade and that can vary the angle of attack of the blade through each axis.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is that due to the structure of the developed variable trajectory non-circular drive system, the angle of attack can be optimized independently in each axis of motion.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to minimize gyroscopic drag losses by positioning the suction and thrust axes of the work-producing blades relative to the axis of motion.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to enable the drive system to efficiently perform desired work by adjusting the working surface on each axis to a suction surface or a thrust surface as required.

[0019] The structure and characteristic features of the present invention as well as all advantages will be more clearly understood with the help of the following drawings and the detailed description written with reference to these drawings, and therefore should be evaluated by taking these drawings and detailed description into consideration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to better understand the structure of the present invention and its advantages with additional elements, it should be combined with the following description of the attached Figure 1 Conduct an assessment together.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) system,

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the regulating mechanism.

[0023] Figure 3a is a schematic detailed view of a non-track bearing surface and a bearing surface control mechanism,

[0024] Figure 3b is a schematic detailed view of the track bearing surfaces and the bearing surface control mechanism, (the track bearing surfaces can be connected to the track position without moving with the blade, or the track bearing surfaces can be located in a suitable position on the blade and move with the blade, the number and position in the system vary completely according to the needs),

[0025] Figure 3c is a perspective view of a schematic diagram of a flow manipulator positioned on a support surface in a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0026] Figure 3d is a two-dimensional diagram of a schematic diagram of a flow manipulator positioned on a support surface in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic detailed perspective view of a schematic detailed view of a suction thrust direction blade positioning guide on a non-circular motion axis with a variable trajectory,

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic detailed view of an example moving surface system,

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic overview of a speed and direction control system on a moving surface.

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a blade in the prior art,

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a circular drive system in the prior art,

[0032] Fig. 9 is a schematic overview of a typical circular propeller structure with blades incorporated in a circular trajectory.

[0033] Reference numerals

[0034] 100. Variable trajectory non-circular drive system

[0035] 101. Axis of movement

[0036] 102.Driver unit

[0037] 103.Leaf

[0038] 104. Blade positioning guide

[0039] 105. Moving Surfaces

[0040] 106.Speed ​​and direction control unit

[0041] 107.Regulatory agencies

[0042] 108.Blade position and / or width adjustment mechanism

[0043] 109. Support surface

[0044] 110.Support surface control mechanism

[0045] 111.Flow Manipulator

[0046] K: Conventional propeller blade of the prior art

[0047] D: Circular propeller of the prior art

[0048] D1: Circular propeller blades in the prior art

[0049] D2: Angle of attack mechanism of circular propeller in the prior art

[0050] D3: Airflow in a circular propeller in the prior art DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In this detailed description, for a better understanding of the subject matter and without any limiting effect, the variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) system 100, which is the subject of the present invention, is described only as an example, and the variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) system 100 is developed for use in all systems that have an energy relationship with the air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and in movement and drive systems in fluids.

[0052] A new and unique variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 has been developed, in which blades 103 follow the motion axis 101 to generate a conveying force, and these blades 103 have different symmetrical or asymmetrical profile structures, different angles of attack, different sizes, different geometric structures, different numbers, and these blades 103 can be positioned at different unit distances and different positions. Figure 1 The variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises: Figure 2 The adjustment mechanism 107 shown in the figure forms a geometric path that can be adjusted according to the needs on the motion axis 101; blades 103 that move on the motion axis 101 and perform a defined work; a blade position and / or width adjustment mechanism 108; and Figure 4 The position of the track 103 with the suction thrust direction track positioning guide 104 on the non-circular motion axis 101 shown in FIG. 103 includes speed, span, angle of attack and moving surface 105, then it includes a speed and direction control unit 106 located on the moving surface 105, and the drive (propulsion) unit 102 includes a blade 103 or a plurality of blades 103 with adjustable speed, and the drive (propulsion) unit 102 transfers energy to the blade 103 or a plurality of blades 103 to perform a defined work along the motion axis 101 in a geometric path setting as required. The fact that the functional surface in each axis can be adjusted to a suction surface or a thrust surface as required enables the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 to perform the desired work with high efficiency.

[0053] In the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 of the present invention, the suction axis and thrust axis of the blades 103 that produce work are positioned relative to the motion axis 101 to minimize gyroscopic drag losses. In the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 of the present invention, the optimal positioning of the suction axis and thrust axis of the blades 103 that produce work relative to the motion axis 101 (without rotating the drive unit 102, although the drive unit 102 can be fully rotated if necessary) enables steering with minimal losses and maximum efficiency. The ability to change the trajectory of motion in three dimensions allows the center of action of the work produced on the drive unit 102 to be changed in any plane. Since the size of the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 mentioned above can be changed in three dimensions, the most appropriate size can be determined according to the current needs, and the system 100 can take the desired shape according to this configuration. In addition, the movable surface 105 that can be placed on the blades 103 of the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 and the ability to change the angle of attack of the blades 103 through each motion axis 101 also help to improve efficiency. The shape of the motion axis 101 can also be changed independently. By changing these axes together, the force direction can be changed without changing the direction of the fluid and the direction of the drive unit 102. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 includes a body connected to a blade 103 that moves on a motion axis 101, and a blade 103 position and / or width adjustment mechanism 108 for adjusting the suction-thrust position and the total blade width of the blade 103 in a three-dimensional axis. In the aforementioned variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100, the flow control member and / or the support surface 109 is positioned in an optimal position in a three-dimensional plane by means of a support surface control mechanism 110, the flow control member and / or the support surface 109 performs a defined work, the flow control member and / or the support surface 109 can have a moving surface thereon and the flow control and / or the support surface 109 is in a track or not in a track, and the flow control member and / or the support surface 109 can be placed in its optimal position. Figure 3a An off-track bearing surface 109 is shown.

[0054] In the aforementioned variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100, since the ideal angle of attack of the blade 103 follows the non-circular axis, the ideal angle of attack with optimal efficiency is maintained throughout the entire path, and there is no efficiency loss unlike a circular propeller (rotorcraft). In addition to these gains, if desired, the concept of variable trajectory non-circular drive (propulsion) can be further improved by the concept of boundary layer control. At this time, the efficiency of the drive unit 102 can be further improved by the independent moving surface 105, which can be positioned at a suitable position along the entire wing axis (span) of the blade 103. Figure 5The moving surface 105 shown in FIG. 1 can move at a variable speed depending on the overall rotational speed of the blade 103. This motion is achieved by Figure 6 The speed and direction control unit 106 shown in is implemented on the moving surface 105. The mechanism also regulates the speed and rotation direction of the moving surface. Due to the inclusion of the moving surface 105, the angle of losing grip (stall) is also delayed. Ultimately, the improved aerodynamic efficiency of the blades 103 is generated by arranging the blades 103 in various combinations.

[0055] The moving surface 105 placed at the appropriate position of the mentioned blade 103 has an important function in controlling the boundary layer and improving the overall aerodynamic and hydrodynamic fluid parameters. The blade 103 with a fixed surface starts to operate only when it starts to move at the right angle, while the blade 103 with a moving surface 105 operates at a much lower speed, a wider range of blade 103 attack angles and with higher efficiency. This can be explained by the Magnus effect, which states that a surface moving at a given speed always exerts an upward force on the moving surface 105 at right angles to the axis of motion 101. This helps to reduce the friction generated and increase the production of work generated on the blade 103.

[0056] Figure 3a The bearing surface 109 ( Figure 3a The support surface 109 shown in the figure is off-track) is the following system: the system can be placed in the optimal position of the variable track non-circular drive system 100 when it is expected to be used, and the moving surface 105 that performs flow control and / or limiting work can be accommodated. These surfaces support and limit work by taking the most appropriate position according to the direction of fluid movement by means of a support surface control mechanism 110 that is on track (when the support surface 109 is on track) or not on track (when the support surface 109 is not on track).

[0057] The off-track bearing surface control mechanism 110 ensures that one or more off-track bearing surfaces 109 are positioned at an optimal size and position for both flow control and for performing defined work. Similarly, the track bearing surface control mechanism 110 ensures that one or more track bearing surfaces 109 are positioned at an optimal size and position for both flow control and for performing defined work.

[0058] Unlike conventional propellers (helical propellers) K, both the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 and the circular system operate at a constant speed across the entire blade span. This allows them to operate at maximum efficiency at all points along the blade span. Studies of circular propellers D have shown that they are much more efficient than conventional propeller systems in terms of thrust.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 may include a single motion axis 101 or a plurality of motion axes 101 .

[0060] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, an induced drag reducer is added at an appropriate position of the blade 103 to improve the efficiency of the blade 103 when necessary. In addition, drag reducers are also used on all other surfaces in contact with the fluid in the variable trajectory drive (propulsion) system of the present invention.

[0061] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 can be operated in an open manner, or the inlet and outlet velocities of the fluid can be changed, and walls of appropriate geometry can be added to improve efficiency.

[0062] Through the present invention, the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100, the inlet direction and outlet direction of the fluid flowing through the system can be changed independently. If necessary, the regional carrying capacity difference can be produced by changing the motion trajectory of the system along one axis or multiple axes according to the desired work in the three different axes of the system to obtain the best results. This again leads to regional carrying capacity differences. In this way, according to the location where the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 is used, the inlet direction and outlet direction of the fluid can be changed individually without any control surface or rudder. For example, if the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 is used in an aircraft, the vehicle can turn without using flight control surfaces or rudders (although control surfaces and rudders can be used if necessary). The same principle is also suitable for surface vehicles or underwater vehicles. The manipulation can be performed by the internal dynamics of the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100, without the need for additional directional and maneuvering rudder systems, their associated additional weight, manufacturing and design costs, thereby avoiding process losses. The principle is essentially based on local force differences of the fluid flowing through the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100, which are generated by an optimal trajectory produced in three dimensions according to the requirements within the system.

[0063] The variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 of the present invention is subjected to instantaneous volume changes in structure during operation due to its variable trajectory. In addition, when not in use, the volume of the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 can be further reduced for space optimization or other reasons.

[0064] In the variable trajectory non-circular drive system 100 of the present invention, the fluid contact surface of the operating surface (blade 103) is further expanded in three dimensions to increase the contact surface with the fluid when desired. In addition, the suction and thrust are increased. This leads to improved energy efficiency.

[0065] The blades 103 can be used on the bearing surfaces 109 on the track and on the bearing surfaces 109 off the track, as well as on all surfaces in contact with the fluid. In another embodiment of the invention, in addition to the moving surfaces that we have implemented within the concept of boundary layer control to improve the flow performance, in order to allow the use of blades 103 that perform a defined job, the following has been added:

[0066] o At least one surface accelerator, and

[0067] o at least one flow manipulator 111,

[0068] - At least one surface accelerator and at least one flow manipulator 111 can influence the fluid motion.

[0069] The surface accelerator mentioned can be prepared from the following materials:

[0070] - materials that change the ionization of the surface in contact with the fluid - materials that change the resistance of the fluid (dielectric materials), or

[0071] - Chemicals that impart smoothness to the surface (nano surface coating chemicals, polyamide coatings, polishes, etc.), or

[0072] - aerodynamic coating materials (made of polymers / polymeric materials from the thermoplastic group of synthetic polymers - polyolefins / polyethylene, PP, polybutylene), or

[0073] - Plasma polymerized coatings (made of polymers / polymeric materials from the thermoplastic group in the category of synthetic polymers - polyolefins / polyethylene, PP, polybutylene).

[0074] On the other hand, the flow manipulator 111 can be exemplified as a small blade / protrusion. The blade / protrusion can be positioned anywhere on the surface in contact with the fluid (surface of an element of the system such as the surface of the blade 103, bearing control surfaces, induced drag reducers, etc.).

[0075] In another embodiment of the present invention, suitable locations in the system of the present invention may be covered with photovoltaic systems or other similar energy-saving materials.

[0076] In the system of the present invention, the motion trajectory can be changed in all axes according to the work performed in an efficiency-oriented manner. In addition, in general, the distance between the blade 103 and all subsystems thereon can be increased or decreased in terms of volume and system size in all three axes including the axis representing the blade span.

Claims

1. A variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) developed for use in all systems having an energy relationship with air, such as aircraft, wind turbines, automobiles, ventilation and circulation systems, and fluid motion and drive systems, characterized in that: The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) comprises: - an axis of motion (101) whose geometry can be adjusted and which is a non-circular path instead of a circular path to ensure optimal efficiency; - An adjustment mechanism (107), which adjusts the geometric path of the movement axis (101).

2. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A speed and control unit (106) is included which, when a moving surface (105) is included, performs the movement of the moving surface (105) at a variable rotation rate and adjusts the speed of the blade (103) according to the overall rotation speed of the blade (103).

3. The variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive unit (102) is included, the drive unit (102) being used to transmit energy to the blade (103) to perform defined work along the movement axis (101).

4. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a blade (103) which moves along the movement axis (101) forming a geometric path and performs a defined work.

5. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable surface (105) is included which can be positioned on a blade (103) for varying the angle of attack of the blade (103) through each axis of motion (101), thereby helping to improve efficiency.

6. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blade attack angle positioning guide (104) is included, and the blade attack angle positioning guide (104) is used to keep blades (103) on different axes at desired angles and axes along the movement axis (101).

7. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a blade position and / or width adjustment mechanism (108), which is used to adjust the suction-thrust position of the blade (103) in a three-dimensional axis and the total blade width (103) through the related movement or independent movement of a body connected to the blade (103) moving on the movement axis (101).

8. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) includes an off-track bearing surface (109) capable of accommodating a flow control member and / or a moving surface performing a defined task, the off-track bearing surface (109) being positionable in an optimal position.

9. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable trajectory non-circular drive system (100) includes a bearing surface (109) on a trajectory capable of accommodating a moving surface on which flow control and / or limiting work can be optimally positioned.

10. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: An off-track bearing surface control mechanism (110) is included for positioning one or more off-track bearing surfaces (109) at an optimal size and position for both flow control and performing a defined task.

11. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: An on-track bearing surface control mechanism (110) is included for positioning one or more on-track bearing surfaces (109) at an optimal size and position for both flow control and performing a defined task.

12. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one surface accelerator capable of affecting the movement of a fluid is included.

13. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one flow manipulator (111) capable of affecting the movement of a fluid is included.

14. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that: The surface accelerator is made of the following materials: o Materials that change the ionization of the surface in contact with the fluid - materials that change the resistance of the fluid, or ○ Chemical materials that give the surface a smooth finish, or ○ Aerodynamic coating materials, or ○Plasma polymerization coating materials.

15. The variable-trajectory non-circular drive system (100) according to claim 13, characterized in that: The flow manipulators (111) are in the form of blades / protrusions and are positioned anywhere on any surface of the system that comes in contact with the fluid.

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