The invention belongs to the technical field of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and discloses a novel composite rolling attitude control system and method. The control method integrates a principle for adjusting a flight attitude by utilizing a rudder surface and a conventional helicopter tipping tray periodically-pitch-variable principle; by utilizing a redundant control concept, an aerocraft rolling passage is controlled by a rudder system, the auxiliary compensation for the rolling passage is carried out by virtue of a rotary wing system, an airflow direction is limited by virtue of a duct, and the rudder system is controlled; and the control system comprises a controller, a rudder system, a rotary wing system and a duct. The novel composite rolling attitude control system is high in air passing capacity, compact in structure, reasonable in design and capable of realizing automatic hovering and precise attitude control and has advantages of small space size, large effective load, high control response sensitivity, high system stability, high robustness and the like.