A single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure and fertilization vehicle

Abstract

A single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure and a fertilizer vehicle, which relate to the field of agricultural machinery, wherein the soil drilling and fertilization structure comprises a second crank slider mechanism for driving the fertilization leg to rise and fall periodically and a first crank slider mechanism for driving the dredging guide rod slidingly arranged in the fertilization leg to rise and fall periodically, wherein the two crank slider mechanisms are driven by the same power source and have a stroke difference, wherein the stroke difference causes the dredging guide rod to descend or rise before the fertilization leg, and ensures that during the fertilization leg's descent and drilling into the soil, the dredging guide rod protrudes from the bottom of the fertilization leg in a certain stroke to block the bottom opening of the fertilization channel, and during the remaining descending stroke of the fertilization leg, the dredging guide rod retracts into the fertilization leg due to the rise, and opens the bottom opening of the fertilization channel. The present invention can automatically drill the soil and then fertilize, and can also avoid the problem of the fertilization channel being blocked by the soil during the drilling, and is suitable for most crops, especially the fertilization operation of hole-sown crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to fertilizing equipment in the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a single-power linkage type soil drilling fertilizing structure and a fertilizing vehicle. Background Art

[0002] There are two main types of fertilization equipment in agriculture now. One is direct broadcasting, that is, applying fertilizer directly to the ground at the root system of crops. The problem is that the influence of factors such as volatilization and water solubility leads to low utilization rate of fertilizer. In order to solve this problem, another type of fertilization equipment has been produced, namely, soil covering fertilization equipment. The core of this soil covering fertilization equipment lies in digging and covering soil, that is, digging equipment is used at the front to dig trenches in the field, the middle conduit applies fertilizer into the trenches, and the rear covering wheel covers the trenches with soil, thereby covering the fertilizer in the trenches to complete the soil covering fertilization.

[0003] However, the existing soil covering fertilization equipment has a good fertilization effect on continuous sowing crops such as wheat and cereals because it is a continuous fertilization. However, beans, peanuts, corn and other crops are hole-sown crops with a certain distance between adjacent crops. If this continuous soil covering fertilization equipment is used, it will lead to excessive fertilization, which not only wastes fertilizers, but also aggravates soil eutrophication and compaction.

[0004] After searching, it was found that there are some patents for soil drilling and fertilization in the prior art:

[0005] For example, the utility model with publication number CN219288128U discloses a drilling and watering fertilizing integrated machine, the invention patent with publication number CN111742648A discloses a topdressing device for peanut sowing, and the utility model with publication number CN221449078U discloses a traction-type hole-drilling, fertilizing and watering integrated machine for transplanting tobacco seedlings in a well cellar, etc. The common feature of these devices is that although they all drill holes and fertilize the soil, these devices all rely on manual control to varying degrees;

[0006] Equipment that automatically performs soil drilling and fertilization linkage, such as the invention patent with application number 201610074499X, which discloses a mechanical corn hole-piercing and deep fertilization device, which uses the rotation of the crank block to drive the hole-piercing and fertilization device to achieve the topdressing process of "entering the soil to pierce holes - opening the mouth to fertilize - leaving the soil - closing the mouth", replacing the process of manual topdressing;

[0007] However, the device is not available for sale on the market. After analysis, the inventor believes that the problems with the device are mainly in the following two aspects: 1) The structure is too complicated, and the quantitative fertilizer discharge mechanism and the hole-piercing nozzle opening and closing mechanism and other related mechanisms require very precise coordination to achieve the overall fertilization operation. It is too idealistic and it is easy to cause failures during the fertilization operation. It is not suitable for occasions of "dealing with soil"; 2) During the growth of corn, the soil surface will solidify due to natural conditions such as watering and rain, and the related structure and movement mode of the hole-piercing nozzle make it not well suitable for fertilizing such solidified soil. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the problem of over-fertilization caused by existing continuous soil covering fertilization equipment for hole-seeding crops, the present invention provides a single-power linkage soil drilling fertilization structure and a fertilizer vehicle, which can automatically drill the soil and then apply fertilizer, and can also avoid the problem of the fertilization channel being blocked by the soil when drilling the soil. It is suitable for most crops, especially the fertilization operation of hole-seeding crops.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilizing structure, comprising a fertilizing leg with a fertilizing channel arranged inside, the top of the fertilizing channel is connected to a fertilizer discharge pipe, the soil drilling and fertilizing structure comprises a second crank slider mechanism for driving the fertilizing leg to rise and fall periodically and a first crank slider mechanism for driving a dredging guide rod slidably arranged inside the fertilizing leg to rise and fall periodically, the first crank slider mechanism and the second crank slider mechanism are driven by the same power source and have a stroke difference, the stroke difference enables the dredging guide rod to descend or rise before the fertilizing leg, and ensures that in the process of the fertilizing leg descending and drilling into the soil, the dredging guide rod protrudes from the bottom of the fertilizing leg in a section of the stroke to block the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel, and in the remaining descending stroke of the fertilizing leg, the dredging guide rod shrinks into the fertilizing leg due to the rise, and the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel is opened; and, in the process of the fertilizing leg starting to rise and gradually getting out of the soil, the dredging guide rod gradually extends out of the fertilizing leg and blocks the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel again.

[0010] As an optimization scheme of the above-mentioned single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure, the power source is a central transmission wheel driven by a power input shaft, and the central transmission wheel has an engaging transmission area that can engage with the first rotating wheel in the first crank slider mechanism and the second rotating wheel in the second crank slider mechanism, and a non-engaging area that cannot participate in the engagement, and the non-engaging area allows the fertilization leg driven by the second crank slider mechanism to drill into the soil and remain there for a certain period of time, and also allows the dredging guide rod driven by the first crank slider mechanism to remain at the lowest point for a certain period of time.

[0011] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilizing structure, the fertilizing leg is fixedly connected to the second slider of the second crank slider mechanism through a rotating component, and a gear meshing area is distributed around the upper part of the fertilizing leg, and each meshing tooth in the gear meshing area is parallel to the axial direction of the fertilizing leg and has a length, and a circumferential transmission gear that always meshes with the gear meshing area is provided on one side of the fertilizing leg. The circumferential transmission gear is driven to rotate by a circumferential power shaft, thereby driving the fertilizing leg to always rotate during the lifting process, and the circumferential power shaft is connected to the power source through a bevel gear set.

[0012] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilizing structure, the fertilizing leg is slidably arranged in a limiting guide cylinder, and the side wall of the limiting guide cylinder has an engagement window, and the circumferential transmission gear engages with the gear engagement area of ​​the fertilizing leg through the engagement window.

[0013] As another optimization solution of the above-mentioned single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilizing structure, the lower part of the fertilizing leg has a conical soil drilling area, and spiral blades are distributed on the surface of the conical soil drilling area.

[0014] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure, the rotating component includes a central body, and the center of the central body forms a fertilization channel for fertilizer and dredging guide rod to pass through. The top of the fertilization channel is connected to the fertilizer discharge pipe through an elastic connecting tube, and the bottom is connected to the fertilization channel of the fertilization leg, and the dredging guide rod passes through the elastic connecting tube and the fertilization channel to enter the fertilization channel. One side of the upper part of the central body is fixedly connected to the second slider in the second crank slider mechanism, and the lower part of the central body is rotatably connected to the top of the fertilization leg.

[0015] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilizing structure, the side wall of the central body is provided with an annular recessed area, and the upper and lower parts of the annular recessed area are respectively provided with horizontal limiting grooves, the fertilizing legs are located outside the central body, and are respectively inserted into the limiting grooves through two horizontal annular extension plates, and the annular extension plates and the limiting grooves are connected by a plurality of ball rolling connections; a plurality of supporting balls are arranged in the bottom of the annular recessed area, the inner side wall of the fertilizing legs and the chamber surrounded by the two annular extension plates, an upper flexible sealing ring is arranged between the top side wall of the central body and the inner wall of the limiting guide cylinder where the fertilizing legs are located, and a lower flexible sealing ring is arranged between the bottom side wall of the central body and the inner side wall of the fertilizing legs.

[0016] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure, a control ball with a diameter larger than the fertilization channel is slidably arranged on the dredging guide rod, and the control ball is at the top of the fertilization channel and blocks the fertilization channel through a spring, and a lifting protrusion is arranged at a position below the control ball on the dredging guide rod, and when the dredging guide rod rises, the lifting protrusion drives the control ball to overcome the pulling force of the spring and rise in the synchronous rising process, so that the top of the fertilization channel is opened.

[0017] As another optimization scheme of the above-mentioned single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilizing structure, the first crank slider mechanism includes a first rotating wheel and a first connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to a rotating pin provided on the surface of the first rotating wheel, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first slider, the first slider is in the first guide groove, and the top end of the dredging guide rod is fixedly connected to the first slider through a horizontal cross bar; the second crank slider mechanism includes a second rotating wheel and a second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to a rotating pin provided on the surface of the second rotating wheel, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second slider, and the second slider is in the second guide groove.

[0018] A fertilization vehicle with the above-mentioned soil-boring fertilization structure comprises a vehicle body, running wheels for supporting the movement of the vehicle body, and a container for storing fertilizers. The soil-boring fertilization structure is arranged on the vehicle body, and the fertilization legs and the dredging guide rod are located below the vehicle body, and the fertilizer discharge pipe is connected to the container for storing fertilizers. The running wheels are driven to move by a traveling power shaft, and a power transmission gear is arranged on the traveling power shaft, and the power transmission gear can mesh with the intermittent output gear arranged on the power source in the above-mentioned soil-boring fertilization structure, so as to transmit power to the traveling power shaft, and the intermittent output gear has a gear portion meshing with the power transmission gear and a non-meshing portion that cannot mesh with the power transmission gear. When the gear portion of the intermittent output gear begins to mesh with the power transmission gear, the fertilization legs and the dredging guide rod are both in the ascending section and are separated from the soil. When the gear portion of the intermittent output gear is disengaged from the power transmission gear, the dredging guide rod is in the descending section and begins to contact with the soil.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention utilizes a power and two crank slider mechanisms to drive the fertilizing legs and the dredging guide rods to rise and fall synchronously in a manner of a certain stroke difference, and the fertilizing legs can drill into and out of the soil. During this process, the dredging guide rods not only prevent the fertilizing channel in the fertilizing legs from being blocked, but also control the opening and closing of the fertilizing channel, thereby realizing an automatic fertilizing operation of automatically fertilizing in the soil and stopping fertilizing after being out of the soil. The present invention is suitable for most crops, especially the fertilizing operation of hole-sown crops, thereby avoiding waste caused by excessive fertilization and the problem of accelerated soil compaction. Moreover, an intermittent output gear can be used to lead out the only power source to control the movement of the entire fertilizing vehicle in the field, thereby eventually forming an intermittent, point-type, and soil-drilling fertilization in which the fertilizing vehicle automatically stops after moving a certain distance, and the fertilizing legs descend during the stopping process to drill into the soil for fertilization, thereby effectively reducing the cost and weight of the entire machine and realizing intelligent fertilization operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall principle of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2-Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a complete cycle of the movement of the fertilizing leg and the dredging guide rod;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination structure between the rotating component and the fertilizing leg 1;

[0024] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the lifting protrusion in contact with the control ball during its rising process;

[0025] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the fertilization channel in the rotating component after it is opened;

[0026] Fig.11 for Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0027] Fig.12 for Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the middle BB;

[0028] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the fertilization leg;

[0029] Figure numerals: 1. Fertilizing leg, 101. Gear meshing area, 102. Conical soil drilling area, 103. Fertilizing channel, 104. Limiting guide cylinder, 105. Annular extension plate, 106. Upper flexible sealing ring, 107. Lower flexible sealing ring, 108. Meshing window, 2. Rotating member, 201. Central body, 202. Fertilizing channel, 203. Annular recessed area, 204. Limiting groove, 205. Supporting ball, 3. Central transmission wheel, 301. Non-meshing area, 302. Meshing transmission area, 4. First rotating wheel, 401 , first connecting rod, 402, first slider, 403, dredging guide rod, 404, first guide groove, 405, lifting protrusion, 5, second rotating wheel, 501, second connecting rod, 502, second slider, 503, second guide groove, 6, power input shaft, 601, bevel gear set, 602, intermittent output gear, 603, power transmission gear, 7, circumferential power shaft, 701, circumferential transmission gear, 8, fertilizer discharge pipe, 801, elastic connecting tube, 802, control ball, 803, spring, 9, walking power shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The parts not explained in the following embodiments of the present invention, such as how the engine drives the power input shaft to rotate and controls the stop, the processing of the meshing transmission area on the center transmission wheel, the processing of the gear part on the intermittent output gear, the structure and setting of the first crank slider mechanism and the second crank slider mechanism, etc., should be regarded as the prior art known or should be known to those skilled in the art. Example 1

[0031] A single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, there is a fertilizing leg 1 with a fertilizing channel 103 arranged inside. The fertilizing leg 1 is generally in the shape of a round tube with openings at both ends. The channel inside forms the fertilizing channel 103. The top of the fertilizing channel 103 is connected to a fertilizer discharge pipe 8. The fertilizer discharge pipe 8 is connected to a silo for storing fertilizer, so that the fertilizer in the silo can enter the fertilizing channel 103 through the fertilizer discharge pipe 8 and be injected into the soil through the fertilizing channel 103. Figure 2-Figure 7As shown in the figure, the horizontal line in the figure represents the soil surface, the soil drilling and fertilizing structure includes a second crank slider mechanism for driving the fertilizing leg 1 to periodically reciprocate and rise and fall, and a first crank slider mechanism for driving the dredging guide rod 403 slidingly arranged in the fertilizing leg 1 to periodically reciprocate and rise and fall, the dredging guide rod 403 is in the fertilizing channel 103 of the fertilizing leg 1, both of which maintain a vertical direction, the first crank slider mechanism and the second crank slider mechanism are both existing conventional structures for converting rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion, the first crank slider mechanism and the second crank slider mechanism are driven by the same power source and have a stroke difference, the stroke difference makes the dredging guide rod 403 descend or rise before the fertilizing leg 1, and ensures that during the process of the fertilizing leg 1 descending and drilling into the soil, there is a section of the stroke in which the dredging guide rod 403 protrudes from the bottom of the fertilizing leg 1 to block the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel 103, and in the remaining descending stroke of the fertilizing leg 1, the dredging guide rod 403 is retracted into the fertilizing leg 1 due to the rise, and the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel 103 is opened, as shown in FIG. Figure 2-4 As shown, in practice, the bottom of the fertilizing leg 1 and the bottom of the fertilizing channel 103 inside it are both tapered, that is, the diameter of the fertilizing channel 103 gradually decreases, the bottom opening diameter is the smallest, and its diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the dredging guide rod 403, so that when the dredging guide rod 403 passes through the bottom opening, the fertilizer cannot pass through because the gap between the two is very small, and the bottom opening is blocked in disguise; and in the process of the dredging guide rod 403 rising and separating from the bottom opening, the gap between the two becomes larger and larger until the bottom opening is completely exposed, so that the fertilizer can fall and discharge; and, in the process of the fertilizing leg 1 starting to rise and gradually separating from the soil, the dredging guide rod 403 gradually extends from the fertilizing leg 1 and blocks the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel 103 again, as shown in FIG. Figure 4-7 shown.

[0032] In this embodiment, the lifting of the fertilizing leg 1 is mainly for drilling into the soil for fertilization, and the root system of crops is generally shallow, so the drilling depth into the soil is 3-10 cm, and it is only necessary to ensure that the fertilization is carried out in the soil, rather than applied to the soil surface, and the total lifting stroke of the fertilizing leg 1 generally does not exceed 20 cm;

[0033] In this embodiment, when the fertilizing leg 1 starts to descend from the highest point, the dredging guide rod 403 is in the middle of the descending stroke, and its initial position protrudes from the bottom of the fertilizing leg 1. Figure 2 When the fertilizing leg 1 is in the middle position of the descending stroke, the dredging guide rod 403 starts to rise from the lowest point, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the two move relative to each other, and the dredging guide rod 403 gradually retracts into the fertilizing leg 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, the purpose of such arrangement is that, during the process of the fertilizing leg 1 drilling into the soil, the dredging guide rod 403 blocks the fertilizing channel 103, which can effectively prevent the soil from blocking the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel 103 during the drilling process, resulting in failure to fertilize; when the dredging guide rod 403 is retracted into the fertilizing leg 1, the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel 103 is opened, and the fertilizer begins to be discharged from the fertilizing channel 103. Figure 4 When the fertilizing leg 1 rises from the lowest point, the dredging guide rod 403 is halfway up the stroke, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 When the fertilizing leg 1 is in the middle of the ascending process, the dredging guide rod 403 is at the highest point and begins to descend, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 When the fertilizing leg 1 is at the highest point and starts to descend, the dredging guide rod 403 is in the middle of the descending stroke, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the dredging guide rod 403 gradually extends downward from the fertilizing leg 1 and closes the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel 103 to stop fertilizing. During the process of the dredging guide rod 403 extending from the fertilizing channel 103, the fertilizing channel 103 can be prevented from being blocked.

[0034] The above is a basic implementation of the present invention, and further improvements, optimizations and limitations can be made on the above basis to obtain the following embodiments: Example 2

[0035] This embodiment is an improvement on the embodiment 1. Its main structure is the same as that of the embodiment 1. The improvement is that the power source is the central transmission wheel 3 driven by the power input shaft 6. The power input shaft 6 is driven by the reducer driven by the fuel engine to rotate. Of course, a battery-driven motor can also be used as the initial power source. Figure 1As shown, the central transmission wheel 3 has a meshing transmission area 302 that can mesh with the first rotating wheel 4 in the first crank slider mechanism and the second rotating wheel 5 in the second crank slider mechanism, and a non-meshing area 301 that cannot participate in the meshing. The meshing transmission area 302 is an area with meshing teeth, and the non-meshing area 301 does not have meshing teeth, that is, a smooth surface. The meshing transmission area 302 and the non-meshing area 301 together form a circle. The length of the meshing transmission area 302 needs to be designed comprehensively based on the diameter of the central transmission wheel 3, the diameter of the first rotating wheel 4 and the diameter of the second rotating wheel 5. In practice, one structure is that the non-meshing area 301 occupies 1 / 4 of the circumference of the central transmission wheel 3, and the rest is the meshing transmission area 302, and the non-meshing area 301 allows the fertilizing leg 1 driven by the second crank slider mechanism to drill into the soil and stay for a certain time. The holding time is determined by the length of the non-meshing area 301, that is, during the rotation of the central transmission wheel 3, When the non-meshing area 301 begins to contact with the second rotating wheel 5, and at the same time, the last tooth of the meshing transmission area 302 disengages from the second rotating wheel 5, the second rotating wheel 5 stops rotating, causing the position of the fertilizing leg 1 to remain stationary. As the central transmission wheel 3 continues to rotate and passes the non-meshing area 301, when the non-meshing area 301 disengages from the corresponding position with the second rotating wheel 5, and at the same time, the first tooth of the meshing transmission area 302 begins to mesh with the second rotating wheel 5, the second rotating wheel 5 begins to rotate, driving the position of the fertilizing leg 1 to change, and also keeping the dredging guide rod 403 driven by the first crank slider mechanism at the lowest point for a certain period of time. The reason why the dredging guide rod 403 remains stationary is similar, that is, when the first rotating wheel 4 is meshed with the non-meshing area 301 of the central transmission wheel 3, the power will not be transmitted from the central transmission wheel 3 to the first rotating wheel 4, so that the dredging guide rod 403 driven by the first rotating wheel 4 remains in position.

[0036] In this embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, the first crank slider mechanism includes a first rotating wheel 4 and a first connecting rod 401, one end of the first connecting rod 401 is rotatably connected to a rotating pin provided on the surface of the first rotating wheel 4, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first slider 402, the first slider 402 is in the first guide groove 404, and the top end of the dredging guide rod 403 is fixedly connected to the first slider 402 through a horizontal cross bar; the second crank slider mechanism includes a second rotating wheel 5 and a second connecting rod 501, one end of the second connecting rod 501 is rotatably connected to a rotating pin provided on the surface of the second rotating wheel 5, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second slider 502, the second slider The block is in the second guide groove 503. In this embodiment, the first rotating wheel 4 and the second rotating wheel 5 are generally of equal diameter, and their circumferences are equal to the length of the meshing transmission area 302 of the center transmission wheel 3, so that when the center transmission wheel 3 rotates one circle, the first rotating wheel 4 and the second rotating wheel 5 can also rotate one circle intermittently; the diameter size of the first rotating wheel 4 and the second rotating wheel 5 determines the maximum stroke of the fertilizing leg 1 and the dredging guide rod 403 to a certain extent, and also determines the depth of the fertilizing leg 1 inserted into the soil. Therefore, its diameter size needs to be designed and adjusted according to different crops and different fertilization depths. Example 3

[0037] This embodiment is another improved solution based on the embodiment 1. Its main structure is the same as that of the embodiment 1. The improvement is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the top of the fertilizing leg 1 is fixedly connected with the second slider 502 of the second crank slider mechanism through the rotating member 2. At this time, the second slider 502 drives the fertilizing leg 1 to rise and fall synchronously through the rotating member 2, so that the bottom of the fertilizing leg 1 can drill into and out of the soil, and the fertilizer can be directly applied to the soil. A gear meshing area 101 is distributed around the upper part of the fertilizing leg 1, that is, a circle of meshing teeth is arranged around the outer wall of the fertilizing leg 1, the meshing teeth are straight teeth, and are distributed along the axial direction of the fertilizing leg 1, and each meshing tooth in the gear meshing area 101 is parallel to the axial direction of the fertilizing leg 1 and has a length, and the length has to exceed the stroke difference of the fertilizing leg 1 during the lifting and lowering process, and a gear meshing area 101 is arranged on one side of the fertilizing leg 1 to always keep in contact with the gear meshing area 101 The circumferential transmission gear 701 is meshed with the fertilizing leg 1, and the position of the circumferential transmission gear 701 always remains unchanged. When the second slider 502 drives the fertilizing leg 1 to rise and fall synchronously, the meshing position of the circumferential transmission gear 701 and the gear meshing area 101 keeps changing, but the meshing relationship is not changed. The circumferential transmission gear 701 is driven to rotate by the circumferential power shaft 7, thereby driving the fertilizing leg 1 to always keep rotating during the lifting process, so that the fertilizing leg 1 can better drill into the soil for fertilizing operations. The circumferential power shaft 7 is connected to the power source through the bevel gear set 601, so that one power source can simultaneously drive the fertilizing leg 1 to rotate during the reciprocating lifting process, and also drive the dredging guide rod 403 to reciprocate and lift according to a certain stroke difference.

[0038] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.13 As shown, the fertilizing leg 1 is slidably arranged in a limiting guide cylinder 104, and the limiting guide cylinder 104 is a cylindrical structure with two ends opened, which is in a fixed state, and the inner diameter of the limiting guide cylinder 104 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the fertilizing leg 1, so that the fertilizing leg 1 can be lifted and lowered along the limiting guide cylinder 104; the top of the limiting guide cylinder 104 has an open groove along its vertical direction, and the second slider 502 of the second crank slider mechanism extends into the open groove, thereby being fixedly connected with the fertilizing leg 1, driving the fertilizing leg 1 to rise and fall synchronously, and the side wall of the limiting guide cylinder 104 has a meshing The meshing window 108 is actually a rectangular hole opened on the side wall of the limiting guide cylinder 104. The rectangular hole exposes the gear meshing area 101 of the fertilizing leg 1. The circumferential transmission gear 701 meshes with the gear meshing area 101 of the fertilizing leg 1 through the meshing window 108, that is, the edge of the circumferential transmission gear 701 extends into the meshing window 108 and meshes with the gear meshing area 101, so that when the fertilizing leg 1 slides and rises along the limiting guide cylinder 104, it always keeps meshing with the rack of the gear meshing area 101, so as to ensure that the fertilizing leg 1 always rotates. Fig.12 shown.

[0039] In this embodiment, if Fig.13 As shown, the lower part of the fertilizing leg 1 has a conical soil drilling area 102, the conical soil drilling area 102 is a conical tube, and the bottom is a conical tip. The bottom end opening of the fertilizing channel 103 is located in the conical tip, and spiral blades are distributed on the surface of the conical soil drilling area 102. The spiral blades can penetrate the conical soil drilling area 102 or be distributed at the bottom of the conical soil drilling area 102 to assist the fertilizing leg 1 in drilling into the soil.

[0040] In this embodiment, if Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, the rotating member 2 includes a cylindrical central body 201, the center of the central body 201 forms a fertilizing channel 202 that runs through its height direction and allows fertilizer and a dredging guide rod 403 to pass through. The diameter of the fertilizing channel 202 is generally not less than 3 cm. The top of the fertilizing channel 202 is connected to the fertilizer discharge pipe 8 through an elastic connecting tube 801. The elastic connecting tube 801 is a conical cylindrical structure made of elastic rubber. The bottom with a small diameter surrounds the top edge of the fertilizing channel 202, and the top with a large diameter is connected to the fertilizer discharge pipe 8. The bottom of the fertilizing channel 202 is connected to the fertilizing channel 103 of the fertilizing leg 1, and the dredging guide rod 403 passes through the elastic connecting tube 801 and the fertilizing channel 202 to enter the fertilizing channel 1 03, and extends out of the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel 103, so that the dredging guide rod 403 protrudes from the bottom end of the fertilizing leg 1. At this time, the upper side wall of the elastic connecting cylinder 801 has an opening, and the dredging guide rod 403 enters the elastic connecting cylinder 801 through the opening. Since the elastic connecting cylinder 801 is made of elastic rubber, the fertilizer passing function of the elastic connecting cylinder 801 is not affected during the lifting and lowering process of the rotating component 2. One side of the upper part of the central body 201 is fixedly connected to the second slider 502 in the second crank slider mechanism, and the lower part of the central body 201 is rotatably connected to the top of the fertilizing leg 1, so that the second slider 502 drives the central body 201 and the fertilizing leg 1 to rise and fall synchronously, and does not affect the rotation of the fertilizing leg 1 around the central body 201.

[0041] In this embodiment, if Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, the side wall of the central body 201 is provided with an annular recessed area 203, which is actually a rectangular annular groove in the middle of the central body 201, and the upper surface and lower surface of the central body 201 form two protruding annular plates, which constitute the limiting plates for the central body 201 to drive the fertilizer applying legs 1 to rise and fall synchronously, and the upper and lower parts of the annular recessed area 203 are respectively provided with horizontal limiting grooves 204, and the annular recessed area 203 is arranged around the middle of the side wall of the central body 201, and the limiting grooves 204 are located in the annular recessed area 203. The upper and lower parts of the bottom of the shaped concave area 203 are adjacent to the two protruding annular plates. The fertilizing leg 1 is located outside the central body 201, and is inserted into the limiting groove 204 through two horizontal annular extension plates 105 provided on its inner side wall. The higher one of the two annular extension plates 105 is located lower than the second slider 502, so that it will not touch the second slider 502 during the rotation around the central body 201, and the annular extension plate 105 is connected to the limiting groove 204 through a plurality of ball rolling connections. In practice, the upper and lower surfaces of the annular extension plate 105 respectively form gaps with the upper and lower side walls of the limiting groove, and a ball is arranged in the gap, or the annular extension plate 105 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and a ball is installed in each through hole, and each ball is respectively in contact with the upper and lower side walls of the limiting groove 204 to form rolling contact; a plurality of supporting balls 205 are arranged in the bottom of the annular recessed area 203, the inner side wall of the fertilizing leg 1 and the chamber surrounded by the two annular extension plates 105, and a plurality of supporting balls 205 are arranged in the bottom wall of the annular recessed area 203, the inner side wall of the fertilizing leg 1 Arc-shaped depressions are arranged at corresponding positions on the inner side wall and the opposite side walls of the two annular extension plates 105. These four arc-shaped depressions cooperate with the supporting balls 205 to achieve the supporting and fixing effects of the supporting balls 205. An upper flexible sealing ring 106 is arranged between the top side wall of the central body 201 and the inner wall of the limiting guide cylinder 104 where the fertilizing leg 1 is located. A lower flexible sealing ring 107 is arranged between the bottom side wall of the central body 201 and the inner side wall of the fertilizing leg 1. The upper flexible sealing ring 106 and the lower flexible sealing ring 107 are generally rubber sealing rings.

[0042] In this embodiment, if Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, a control ball 802 with a diameter larger than that of the fertilization channel 202 is slidably arranged on the dredging guide rod 403. The control ball 802 is generally a wooden ball, but other materials can also be used. A through hole with a diameter slightly larger than that of the dredging guide rod 403 is drilled in the center, so that the dredging guide rod 403 and the control ball 802 can slide freely relative to each other, and the control ball 802 is at the top of the fertilization channel 202 and blocks the top entrance of the fertilization channel 202 through the spring 803. The spring 803 is generally fixed on the lower surface of the central body 201 after passing through the fertilization channel 202, and can also be fixed on the inner wall of the fertilization channel 202. The dredging guide rod 403 is located below the control ball 802. A lifting protrusion 405 is provided at the position, and the lifting protrusion 405 is a protrusion on the dredging guide rod 403, and its size is larger than the hole on the control ball 802, so that it can mix the control ball 802 when moving upward, and when the dredging guide rod 403 rises, the lifting protrusion 405 drives the control ball 802 to rise to overcome the pulling force of the spring 803 during the synchronous rising process, so that the top of the fertilization channel 202 is opened, and the control ball 802 rises to control the opening and closing of the fertilization channel 202, which can be synchronized with the dredging guide rod 403 to control the opening and blocking of the bottom opening of the fertilization channel 103, or it can be asynchronous. When the two move asynchronously, the fertilization channel 103 itself forms a temporary storage chamber for fertilizer. Example 4

[0043] A fertilizer spreading vehicle having the soil-boring fertilization structure in Examples 1-3, the fertilizer spreading vehicle having a vehicle body, running wheels for supporting the movement of the vehicle body, and a container for storing fertilizers. The vehicle body has no specific shape or size limitation, and is mainly used to provide a main body for the fertilizing legs 1, various components, and fertilizer storage, and is generally a flat-plate structure; the running wheels can be a two-wheel structure, which relies on the operator's hand to maintain stability and provide power for movement, or a four-wheel structure can be used to maintain stability, and the power source provides intermittent power to drive its intermittent movement. Regardless of whether it is two wheels or four wheels, the wheels on both sides travel at the distance between two rows of crops. The soil-boring fertilization structure is arranged on the vehicle body, and the fertilizing legs 1 and the dredging guide rod 403 are located below the vehicle body, and the top of the fertilizer discharge pipe 8 is connected to the bottom of the container for storing fertilizers. The vehicle body described in this embodiment is due to the distance between the bottom of the fertilizing legs 1 and the dredging guide rod 403. The ground is very close, so it cannot be walked directly on the road. It needs to be transported to the field by transportation equipment and unloaded before use. Due to the overall structural characteristics of the fertilizer spreader, it is used for crops with lower heights, such as wheat, millet, and bean crops. It is especially suitable for low-lying hole-sown crops such as beans and peanuts. This equipment can also be used for early fertilization of corn, but it is not suitable for vine crops, such as sweet potato crops. The walking wheel is driven to move by the walking power shaft 9, and the rotation of the power shaft drives the rotation of the wheel, as well as the corresponding brakes and turn signals, which are mature existing technologies and will not be elaborated here. A power transmission gear 603 is provided on the walking power shaft 9, and the power transmission gear 603 can mesh with the intermittent output gear 602 provided on the power source in the above-mentioned soil drilling and fertilization structure, thereby transmitting power to the walking power shaft 9, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the intermittent output gear 602 has a gear portion meshing with the power transmission gear 603, and a non-meshing portion that cannot mesh with the power transmission gear 603. By adjusting the length of the gear portion on the intermittent output gear 602 and the diameter ratio of the intermittent output gear 602 to the power transmission gear 603, the speed of the travel power shaft 9 is adjusted, and then the travel distance of the travel wheel when the intermittent output gear 602 rotates one circle is adjusted by other gear sets. This distance is the spacing of fertilization. When the gear portion of the intermittent output gear 602 is When it starts to mesh with the power transmission gear 603, the fertilizing leg 1 and the dredging guide rod 403 are both in the ascending section and are separated from the soil. At this time, the vehicle body starts to move forward. At the same time, the bottom of the fertilizing channel 103 is blocked to prevent the fertilizer from spilling out with the movement of the vehicle body. When the gear portion of the intermittent output gear 602 disengages from the power transmission gear, the dredging guide rod 403 is in the descending section and begins to contact the soil. At this time, the vehicle body stops moving, and the dredging guide rod 403 descends before the fertilizing leg 1 and begins to drill into the soil to perform fertilization operations.

Claims

1. A single-power linkage soil drilling fertilization structure, comprising a fertilization leg (1) with a fertilization channel (103) disposed therein, the lower portion of the fertilization leg (1) having a conical soil drilling area (102), the top of the fertilization channel (103) being connected to a fertilizer discharge pipe (8), characterized in that: The soil drilling and fertilizing structure comprises a second crank slider mechanism for driving the fertilizing leg (1) to rise and fall periodically, and a first crank slider mechanism for driving the dredging guide rod (403) slidably arranged in the fertilizing leg (1) to rise and fall periodically, the first crank slider mechanism comprising a first rotating wheel (4) and a first connecting rod (401), one end of the first connecting rod (401) being rotatably connected to a rotating pin eccentrically arranged on the surface of the first rotating wheel (4), and the other end of the first connecting rod (401) being rotatably connected to the first slider (402), the first slider (402) being located in the first guide groove (404), and the top end of the dredging guide rod (403) being connected to the first rotating wheel (4) through a first connecting rod (401). The horizontal cross bar is fixedly connected to the first slider (402); the second slider crank mechanism comprises a second rotating wheel (5) and a second connecting rod (501); one end of the second connecting rod (501) is rotatably connected to a rotating pin eccentrically arranged on the surface of the second rotating wheel (5), and the other end is rotatably connected to the second slider (502); the second slider is located in the second guide groove (503); the first rotating wheel (4) and the second rotating wheel (5) are of equal diameter, and the circumference of the two is equal to the length of the meshing transmission area (302) of the central transmission wheel (3); the first slider crank mechanism and the second slider crank mechanism are composed of the same The fertilizing leg (103) is driven by a power source and has a stroke difference, wherein the power source is a central transmission wheel (3) driven by a power input shaft (6), and the central transmission wheel (3) has an engagement transmission area (302) capable of engaging with the first rotating wheel (4) and the second rotating wheel (5), and a non-engagement area (301) that cannot participate in the engagement; the stroke difference enables the dredging guide rod (403) to descend or ascend before the fertilizing leg (1), and ensures that during the process of the fertilizing leg (1) descending and drilling into the soil, there is a section of the stroke in which the dredging guide rod (403) protrudes from the bottom of the fertilizing leg (1) to block the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel (103). During the remaining descending stroke of the fertilizing leg (1), the dredging guide rod (403) is retracted into the fertilizing leg (1) due to the rise, thereby opening the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel (103); and, when the fertilizing leg (1) begins to rise and gradually escapes from the soil, the dredging guide rod (403) gradually extends from the fertilizing leg (1) and blocks the bottom opening of the fertilizing channel (103) again; and the non-engaging area (301) allows the fertilizing leg (1) driven by the second crank slider mechanism to drill into the soil and remain there for a certain period of time, and also allows the dredging guide rod (403) driven by the first crank slider mechanism to remain at the lowest position for a certain period of time; The top of the fertilizing leg (1) is fixedly connected to the second sliding block (502) via a rotating member (2); a gear meshing area (101) is distributed around the upper part of the fertilizing leg (1); each meshing tooth in the gear meshing area (101) is parallel to the axial direction of the fertilizing leg (1) and has a length; a circumferential transmission gear (701) that is always meshed with the gear meshing area (101) is provided on one side of the fertilizing leg (1); the circumferential transmission gear (701) is driven to rotate by a circumferential power shaft (7), thereby driving the fertilizing leg (1) to always rotate during the lifting process; the circumferential power shaft (7) is connected to the power source via a bevel gear set (601) to drive the fertilizing leg (1) to rotate around the central body (201) to drill the soil.

2. A single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizing leg (1) is slidably disposed in a limiting guide cylinder (104), and the side wall of the limiting guide cylinder (104) has an engagement window (108), and the circumferential transmission gear (701) engages with the gear engagement area (101) of the fertilizing leg (1) through the engagement window (108).

3. The single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface of the conical soil drilling area (102) is provided with spiral blades.

4. The single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating member (2) comprises a central body (201), the center of the central body (201) forms a fertilizing channel (202) for fertilizer and a dredging guide rod (403) to pass through, the top of the fertilizing channel (202) is connected to the fertilizer discharge pipe (8) through an elastic connecting tube (801), and the bottom is connected to the fertilizing channel (103) of the fertilizing leg (1), and the dredging guide rod (403) passes through the elastic connecting tube (801) and the fertilizing channel (202) to enter the fertilizing channel (103), one side of the upper part of the central body (201) is fixedly connected to the second slider (502) in the second crank slider mechanism, and the lower part of the central body (201) is rotatably connected to the top of the fertilizing leg (1).

5. The single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The side wall of the central body (201) is provided with an annular recessed area (203), and the upper and lower parts of the annular recessed area (203) are respectively provided with horizontal limiting grooves (204); the fertilizing leg (1) is located outside the central body (201) and is respectively inserted into the limiting grooves (204) through two horizontal annular extension plates (105), and the annular extension plates (105) are connected to the limiting grooves (204) by rolling via a plurality of balls; a plurality of supporting balls (205) are arranged in a chamber surrounded by the bottom of the annular recessed area (203), the inner side wall of the fertilizing leg (1) and the two annular extension plates (105); an upper flexible sealing ring (106) is arranged between the top side wall of the central body (201) and the inner wall of the limiting guide cylinder (104) where the fertilizing leg (1) is located; and a lower flexible sealing ring (107) is arranged between the bottom side wall of the central body (201) and the inner side wall of the fertilizing leg (1).

6. The single-power linkage soil drilling and fertilization structure according to claim 4 is characterized by: A control ball (802) having a larger diameter than the fertilizing channel (202) is slidably disposed on the dredging guide rod (403), and the control ball (802) is located at the top of the fertilizing channel (202) and blocks the fertilizing channel (202) through the spring (803). A lifting protrusion (405) is disposed at a position below the control ball (802) on the dredging guide rod (403), and when the dredging guide rod (403) rises, the lifting protrusion (405) drives the control ball (802) to rise while overcoming the pulling force of the spring (803), so that the top of the fertilizing channel (202) is opened.

7. A fertilizing vehicle having a soil-boring fertilizing structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the fertilizing vehicle having a vehicle body, running wheels for supporting the movement of the vehicle body, and a container for storing fertilizers, the soil-boring fertilizing structure being arranged on the vehicle body, and the fertilizing legs (1) and the dredging guide rod (403) being located below the vehicle body, the fertilizer discharge pipe (8) being connected to the container for storing fertilizers, the running wheels being driven to move by a running power shaft (9), and characterized in that: The travel power shaft (9) is provided with a power transmission gear (603), and the power transmission gear (603) can mesh with the intermittent output gear (602) provided on the power source according to any one of claims 1 to 6, so as to transmit power to the travel power shaft (9), and the intermittent output gear (602) has a gear portion meshing with the power transmission gear (603) and a non-meshing portion that cannot mesh with the power transmission gear (603). When the gear portion of the intermittent output gear (602) is engaged, the intermittent output gear (602) is engaged with the power transmission gear (603). When the fertilizing leg (1) and the dredging guide rod (403) begin to mesh with the power transmission gear (603), both the fertilizing leg (1) and the dredging guide rod (403) are in the ascending section and are separated from the soil. At this time, the vehicle body begins to move forward, and the bottom of the fertilizing channel (103) is blocked. When the gear portion of the intermittent output gear (602) is disengaged from the power transmission gear, the dredging guide rod (403) is in the descending section and begins to contact the soil. At this time, the vehicle body stops moving, and the dredging guide rod (403) descends before the fertilizing leg (1) and begins to drill into the soil to perform fertilization operations.

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