Potato harvester with soil digging and separating functions

Abstract

The potato harvester with the soil digging and separating functions comprises a frame, a bucket is arranged at the front end of the frame, a first rotating roller is rotationally connected into the bucket, and a first spiral blade and a second spiral blade are arranged on the first rotating roller; the two ends of the rear side of the bucket are each provided with a first feeding door. A soil turning mechanism is arranged on the bucket; soil removing channels are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the lower portion of the vehicle frame, and a plurality of soil leaking grooves are formed in the soil removing channels; first motors are arranged on the two sides of the lower portion of the vehicle frame correspondingly, the first motors are connected with second rotating rollers, and spiral brushes are arranged on the second rotating rollers; a lifting mechanism is arranged on the frame; a storage box is arranged at the rear end of the frame; a baffle is arranged at the lower end of the frame. The potato harvester can adapt to large-scale operation through simultaneous operation on the two sides, soil on potatoes can be rapidly removed, and efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil, belonging to the technical field of harvesters. Background Art

[0002] Potatoes, an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the Solanaceae family, have edible tubers and are the fourth most important food crop in the world, second only to wheat, rice and corn. Potatoes grow in the soil, and a large amount of soil is often attached to the surface, so the soil needs to be removed after harvesting. To this end, a variety of potato harvesters have been developed in the industry. For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN110214515A discloses a potato harvester with an excavation separation harvesting mechanism, and specifically discloses a side support plate, a conveying mechanism, an excavation angle adjustment structure, an excavation mechanism, a connection structure and a separation structure. The side support plates are two symmetrically distributed stainless steel side support plates, and the front sides of the upper surfaces of the two side support plates are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the bottom end of the L-shaped plate. The outer sides of the two side support plates are provided with diagonal support plates, and the front ends of the diagonal support plates are fixedly connected to the two ends of the rear side of the mounting plate. This scheme turns out the potatoes in the soil by inserting the excavation mechanism into the ground and moving it as a whole. The resistance is large, and a large propulsion force is required, which is less efficient in large-scale operations; and this scheme removes the soil by vibration. When the soil is relatively wet and sticky, the soil removal efficiency is slow. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil. The present invention can adapt to large-scale operations by operating on both sides simultaneously, and can quickly remove soil on potatoes with high efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil, comprising a frame, a bucket is provided at the front end of the frame, a first rotating roller is rotatably connected in the bucket, a first spiral blade is provided on one side of the first rotating roller, and a second spiral blade is provided on the other side of the first rotating roller; the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade have opposite guiding directions and are both directed toward the side of the bucket; first feeding doors are provided at both ends of the rear side of the bucket; a soil turning mechanism is provided on the bucket; soil removal channels are symmetrically provided on both sides below the frame, and the soil removal channels correspond to the first feeding doors; the A plurality of soil leakage grooves are provided on the soil removal channel; a first motor is respectively provided on both sides of the lower side of the frame, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to a second rotating roller, and a spiral brush is provided on the second rotating roller; a lifting mechanism is provided on the frame, and the feed end of the lifting mechanism is connected with the discharge end of the soil removal channel; a storage box is provided at the rear end of the frame, and a feed port is provided on the storage box, and the feed port is connected with the discharge end of the lifting mechanism; a baffle is provided at the lower end of the frame, and both sides of the baffle are inclined toward the feed end of the separation chamber; the guiding direction of the spiral brush is toward the feed end of the lifting mechanism.

[0005] The above-mentioned potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil, the soil turning mechanism includes a first connecting rod symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bucket, the other end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the inner side with a pentagonal plate, a second connecting rod is connected between the corresponding end points of the pentagonal plate, and a plurality of soil turning rods are distributed on the second connecting rod.

[0006] The aforementioned potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting cylinder arranged in the middle of the frame, a third rotating roller is rotatably connected inside the lifting cylinder, and the side of the third rotating roller is surrounded by a spiral track; a worm gear reducer is provided at the top of the lifting cylinder, and the output end of the worm gear reducer is fixedly connected to the third rotating roller; the input end of the worm gear reducer is connected to a second motor.

[0007] The aforementioned potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil is provided with a discharge port on the rear side of the upper end of the lifting cylinder, and a guide guardrail is provided on the outer side of the discharge port; a plurality of lifting blocks are provided on the spiral track; second feed doors are respectively provided on both sides of the lower end of the lifting cylinder, and an anti-fall guardrail is provided on the outer side of the second feed door.

[0008] The aforementioned potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil, the rear side of the storage box is provided with a discharge door; the rear side of the bottom end of the storage box is rotatably connected to the frame.

[0009] The aforementioned potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil has water tanks on both sides of the frame, the water tanks are connected to a water pump via a pipeline, the water pump is connected to a water sprinkler via a pipeline, and the water spraying end of the water sprinkler is downward and located above the soil removal channel.

[0010] The aforementioned potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil, the frame is respectively provided with a second mounting frame located between the soil removal channel and the first feed door on both sides, the front and rear sides of the second mounting frame are respectively connected to the second mounting plates, the inner side of the outer end of the second mounting plate is provided with a third motor, the output end of the third motor is connected to the second rotating disk through the second mounting plate, and the second rotating disk is provided with a plurality of first swing leaves; the two third motors are turned inward.

[0011] The aforementioned potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil, has a plurality of fourth mounting plates located above the feed end of the soil removal channel on both sides below the frame, a fifth motor is provided on the side of the lower end of the fourth mounting plate, the output end of the fifth motor is connected to a rotating head through the fourth mounting plate, and a plurality of second swing leaves are connected to the rotating head.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. In the present invention, the potatoes in the soil are turned out by the soil turning mechanism, and then the frame moves forward so that the bucket collects the turned out soil and potatoes. Under the guidance of the first spiral leaf and the second spiral leaf, the soil and potatoes move toward the discharge door and pass through the discharge door to reach the feeding end of the soil removal channel. The frame continues to move forward, and the soil and potatoes enter the soil removal channel. At the same time, the first motor drives the second rotating roller to rotate, and the second rotating roller drives the spiral brush to rotate, so that the spiral brush scrubs the surface of the potatoes and slowly drives the potatoes to move toward the lifting mechanism. The scrubbed soil passes through the soil leakage groove and falls to the ground; after the potatoes enter the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism moves the potatoes upward and moves them into the storage box through the feeding port for storage. Therefore, the present invention can easily turn out the potatoes in the soil and can quickly remove the soil on the potatoes, with the advantages of high efficiency and significant effect.

[0014] 2. In the present invention, the potatoes that have been cleared of soil through the soil removal channel enter the interior of the lifting cylinder through the second feed door, and then the worm gear reducer is operated under the action of the second motor, the worm gear reducer causes the third rotating roller to rotate, and the third rotating roller causes the spiral track to rotate, so as to move the potatoes upward along the spiral track. By arranging a lifting block on the spiral track, the potatoes are prevented from slipping during the lifting process.

[0015] 3. In the present invention, while the spiral brush is removing mud from the surface of the potato, the water pump draws water from the water storage tank and sprays it from the sprinkler head to flush the potatoes in the soil removal channel, further enhancing the mud removal effect and reducing the residual soil on the potato.

[0016] 4. In the present invention, in the process of soil and potatoes passing through the first feed gate to the soil removal channel, the second rotating disk is driven by the third motor to rotate inward, and the rotation of the second rotating disk drives the first swing leaf to rotate, so that the potatoes scattered outward are pushed inward, thereby preventing the potatoes from being left out and not entering the separation chamber during this process.

[0017] 5. In the present invention, the fifth motor drives the rotor to rotate, and the rotation drives the second swing leaf to rotate, which can speed up the entry of potatoes into the soil removal channel and prevent potatoes and soil from piling up at the feed end of the soil removal channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bucket;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth mounting plate;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the lifting mechanism.

[0025] The markings in the accompanying drawings are: 1-frame, 2-bucket, 3-first rotating roller, 4-first spiral leaf, 5-second spiral leaf, 6-first feeding door, 7-soil removal channel, 8-soil leakage trough, 9-first motor, 10-second rotating roller, 11-spiral brush, 13-storage box, 131-feeding port, 133-discharging door, 14-baffle, 16-water storage tank, 17-water pump, 18-sprinkler, 19-second mounting frame, 20-second mounting plate, 21-third motor, 22-second rotating disk, 23-first swing leaf , 35-fourth mounting plate, 36-fifth motor, 37-rotating head, 38-second swing page, 100-turning mechanism, 101-first connecting rod, 102-pentagonal plate, 103-second connecting rod, 104-turning rod, 200-lifting mechanism, 201-lifting cylinder, 202-third rotating roller, 203-spiral track, 204-worm gear reducer, 205-second motor, 206-discharge port, 207-guide guardrail, 208-lifting block, 209-second feed door, 210-anti-fall guardrail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment: A potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil, comprising: Figure 1-7 As shown, the vehicle frame 1 includes a bucket 2 at the front end of the vehicle frame 1. Figure 4 As shown, a first rotating roller 3 is rotatably connected in the bucket 2, a first spiral leaf 4 is provided on one side of the first rotating roller 3, and a second spiral leaf 5 is provided on the other side of the first rotating roller 3; the guiding directions of the first spiral leaf 4 and the second spiral leaf 5 are opposite and both face the side of the bucket 2; further, a sixth motor is provided on the outside of the bucket 2, and the output end of the sixth motor is fixedly connected to the first rotating roller 3, which can accelerate the movement of soil and potatoes toward the first feeding door 6 and reduce the accumulation of soil and potatoes in the bucket; first feeding doors 6 are respectively provided at both ends of the rear side of the bucket 2; a soil turning mechanism 100 is provided on the bucket 2; soil removal channels 7 are symmetrically provided on both sides below the frame 1, and the soil removal channels 7 correspond to the first feeding doors 6 on the same side; a plurality of soil leakage grooves 8 are provided on the soil removal channels 7; as shown Figure 5As shown, first motors 9 are provided on both sides below the frame 1, and the output end of the first motor 9 is fixedly connected to a second rotating roller 10, on which a spiral brush 11 is provided; a lifting mechanism 200 is provided on the frame 1, and the feeding end of the lifting mechanism 200 is connected to the discharging end of the soil removal channel 7; Figure 2 As shown, a storage box 13 is provided at the rear end of the frame 1, and a feed port 131 is provided on the storage box 13, and the feed port 131 is connected with the discharge end of the lifting mechanism 200; a discharge door 133 is provided on the rear side of the storage box 13; the rear side of the bottom end of the storage box 13 is rotatably connected to the frame 1; further, a plurality of first cylinders are provided at the bottom of the frame 1, and the output end of the first cylinder is rotatably connected to the bottom front side of the storage box 13, and when unloading, the storage box is tilted by the first cylinder to facilitate the pouring of potatoes; a baffle 14 is provided at the lower end of the frame 1, and both sides of the baffle 14 are inclined toward the feed end of the separation chamber 12; the guiding direction of the spiral brush 11 is toward the feed end of the lifting mechanism 200.

[0028] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the soil turning mechanism 100 includes a first connecting rod 101 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bucket 2, the other end of the first connecting rod 101 is rotatably connected to the inner side with a pentagonal plate 102, a second connecting rod 103 is connected between the corresponding end points of the pentagonal plate 102, and a plurality of soil turning rods 104 are distributed on the second connecting rod 103. The soil turning rod 104 is in contact with the soil, and the pentagonal plate 102 is driven to rotate when the frame 1 moves forward, so that the soil turning rod 104 turns the potatoes in the soil out. Further, a second cylinder can be arranged outside the bucket 2, and the output end of the second cylinder is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 101. The lifting and falling of the soil turning rod 104 can be controlled by the extension and contraction of the second cylinder, and the depth of the soil turning rod 104 extending into the soil can be controlled at the same time.

[0029] Preferably, if Figure 6 and 7As shown, the lifting mechanism 200 includes a lifting cylinder 201 arranged in the middle of the frame 1, and a third rotating roller 202 is rotatably connected inside the lifting cylinder 201, and a spiral track 203 surrounds the side of the third rotating roller 202; a worm gear reducer 204 is provided at the top of the lifting cylinder 201, and the output end of the worm gear reducer 204 is fixedly connected to the third rotating roller 202; the input end of the worm gear reducer 204 is connected to a second motor 205. A discharge port 206 is provided at the rear side of the upper end of the lifting cylinder 201, and a guide guardrail 207 is provided outside the discharge port 206; a plurality of lifting blocks 208 are provided on the spiral track 203; second feeding doors 209 are provided on both sides of the lower end of the lifting cylinder 201, and an anti-drop guardrail 210 is provided outside the second feeding door 209. The potatoes, after the soil is removed through the soil removal channel 7, enter the interior of the lifting cylinder 201 through the second feed gate 209, and then the worm gear reducer 204 is operated under the action of the second motor 205, the worm gear reducer 204 causes the third rotating roller 202 to rotate, and the third rotating roller 202 causes the spiral track 203 to rotate, so as to move the potatoes upward along the spiral track 203. By arranging a lifting block 208 on the spiral track 203, the potatoes are prevented from slipping during the lifting process.

[0030] Preferably, if Figure 5 As shown, water tanks 16 are provided on both sides of the frame 1, and the water tanks 16 are connected to water pumps 17 through pipelines, and the water pumps 17 are connected to water spray heads 18 through pipelines, and the water spraying end of the water spray heads 18 is downward and located above the soil removal channel 7. While the spiral brush 11 removes mud from the surface of the potatoes, the water pump 17 draws water from the water tank 16 and sprays it from the water spray heads 18 to flush the potatoes in the soil removal channel 7, further enhancing the mud removal effect and reducing the residual mud on the potatoes.

[0031] Preferably, if Figure 5 As shown, the frame 1 is provided with a second mounting frame 19 located between the soil removal passage 7 and the first feed gate 6 on both sides, and the second mounting frame 19 is connected to a second mounting plate 20 on the front and rear sides respectively. A third motor 21 is provided on the inner side of the outer end of the second mounting plate 20, and the output end of the third motor 21 passes through the second mounting plate 20 and is connected to a second rotating disk 22, and a plurality of first swing leaves 23 are provided on the second rotating disk 22; the two third motors 21 are turned inward. In the process of soil and potatoes passing through the first feed gate 6 to the soil removal passage 7, the second rotating disk 22 is driven to rotate inward by the third motor 21, and the rotation of the second rotating disk 22 drives the first swing leaves 23 to rotate, so that the potatoes scattered outward are moved inward, thereby preventing the potatoes from being left out and not entering the separation chamber during this process.

[0032] Preferably, if Figure 6As shown, a plurality of fourth mounting plates 35 are respectively provided on both sides below the frame 1 and located above the feeding end of the soil removal channel 7. A fifth motor 36 is provided on the side of the lower end of the fourth mounting plate 35. The output end of the fifth motor 36 passes through the fourth mounting plate 35 and is connected to a rotating head 37, and a plurality of second swing leaves 38 are connected to the rotating head 37. The fifth motor 36 drives the rotating head 37 to rotate, and the rotation drives the second swing leaves 38 to rotate, so that the potatoes can enter the soil removal channel 7 faster, and the accumulation of potatoes and soil at the feeding end of the soil removal channel 7 can be prevented.

[0033] Working principle:

[0034] The tilling rod 104 of the tilling mechanism 100 is inserted into the soil. During the forward movement of the frame 1, the tilling rod 104 turns out the potatoes in the soil. Then the frame 1 continues to move forward so that the bucket 2 collects the turned-out soil and potatoes. Under the guidance of the first spiral leaf 4 and the second spiral leaf 5, the soil and potatoes move toward the discharge gate 133 and pass through the discharge gate 133 to reach the feeding end of the soil removal channel 7. The third motor 21 rotates the second rotating disk 22 inward respectively, so that the first swing leaf 23 moves the potatoes scattered on the side inward. At the same time, the fifth motor 36 turns the head 37 drives the second swing leaf 38 to rotate, accelerating the potatoes to pass through the soil removal channel 7; after the soil and potatoes enter the soil removal channel 7, the first motor 9 drives the second rotating roller 10 to rotate, and the second rotating roller 10 drives the spiral brush 11 to rotate, so that the spiral brush 11 brushes the surface of the potatoes while slowly driving the potatoes to move toward the lifting mechanism 200, and the scrubbed soil passes through the soil leakage trough 8 and falls to the ground; after the potatoes enter the lifting mechanism 200, the lifting mechanism 200 moves the potatoes upward and moves them into the storage box 13 through the feed port 131 for storage.

Claims

1. A potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle frame (1), wherein a bucket (2) is provided at the front end of the vehicle frame (1), a first rotating roller (3) is rotatably connected inside the bucket (2), a first spiral leaf (4) is provided on one side of the first rotating roller (3), and a second spiral leaf (5) is provided on the other side of the first rotating roller (3); the first spiral leaf (4) and the second spiral leaf (5) have opposite guiding directions and both face the side of the bucket (2); first feeding doors (6) are provided at both ends of the rear side of the bucket (2); a soil turning mechanism (100) is provided on the bucket (2); soil removal channels (7) are symmetrically provided on both sides below the vehicle frame (1), and the soil removal channels (7) correspond to the first feeding doors (6); a plurality of soil leakage grooves (8) are provided on the soil removal channels (7); and the two sides below the vehicle frame (1) are provided with a plurality of soil leakage grooves (8). A first motor (9) is respectively provided, the output end of the first motor (9) is fixedly connected to a second rotating roller (10), and the second rotating roller (10) is provided with a spiral brush (11); the frame (1) is provided with a lifting mechanism (200), and the feeding end of the lifting mechanism (200) is connected to the discharging end of the soil removal channel (7); the rear end of the frame (1) is provided with a storage box (13), and the storage box (13) is provided with a feeding port (131), and the feeding port (131) is connected to the discharging end of the lifting mechanism (200); the lower end of the frame (1) is provided with a baffle (14), and both sides of the baffle (14) are inclined toward the feeding end of the separation chamber (12); the guiding direction of the spiral brush (11) is toward the feeding end of the lifting mechanism (200).

2. The potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil turning mechanism (100) comprises a first connecting rod (101) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bucket (2); the other end of the first connecting rod (101) is rotatably connected to a pentagonal plate (102) on the inner side; a second connecting rod (103) is connected between corresponding end points of the pentagonal plate (102); and a plurality of soil turning rods (104) are distributed on the second connecting rod (103).

3. The potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (200) comprises a lifting cylinder (201) arranged in the middle of the vehicle frame (1); a third rotating roller (202) is rotatably connected inside the lifting cylinder (201); a spiral track (203) surrounds the side of the third rotating roller (202); a worm gear reducer (204) is provided at the top end of the lifting cylinder (201); an output end of the worm gear reducer (204) is fixedly connected to the third rotating roller (202); and an input end of the worm gear reducer (204) is connected to a second motor (205).

4. The potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: A discharge port (206) is provided at the rear side of the upper end of the lifting cylinder (201), and a guide guardrail (207) is provided on the outer side of the discharge port (206); a plurality of lifting blocks (208) are provided on the spiral track (203); second feed doors (209) are provided on both sides of the lower end of the lifting cylinder (201), and an anti-drop guardrail (210) is provided on the outer side of the second feed door (209).

5. The potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge door (133) is provided at the rear side of the storage box (13); and the rear side of the bottom end of the storage box (13) is rotatably connected to the vehicle frame (1).

6. The potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: Water tanks (16) are provided on both sides of the vehicle frame (1), the water tanks (16) are connected to water pumps (17) via pipelines, the water pumps (17) are connected to water spray heads (18) via pipelines, and the water spraying ends of the water spray heads (18) are downwardly directed and located above the soil removal channel (7).

7. The potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a second mounting frame (19) located between the soil removal channel (7) and the first feed door (6) on both sides, and the front and rear sides of the second mounting frame (19) are respectively connected to a second mounting plate (20), and a third motor (21) is provided on the inner side of the outer end of the second mounting plate (20), and the output end of the third motor (21) passes through the second mounting plate (20) and is connected to a second rotating disk (22), and a plurality of first swing leaves (23) are provided on the second rotating disk (22); the two third motors (21) are turned inwards.

8. The potato harvester with the function of digging and separating soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of fourth mounting plates (35) located above the feed end of the soil removal channel (7) are respectively provided on both sides below the vehicle frame (1); a fifth motor (36) is provided on the side of the lower end of the fourth mounting plate (35); an output end of the fifth motor (36) passes through the fourth mounting plate (35) and is connected to a rotary head (37); and a plurality of second swing leaves (38) are connected to the rotary head (37).

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