Vase solution for preserving hippeastrum cut flowers as well as preparation method and application of vase solution

Abstract

The invention relates to a vase solution for preserving hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flowers as well as a preparation method and application of the vase solution. The vase solution takes water as a solvent, and contains nano-silver, benzalkonium bromide, citric acid, gibberellin, triton, cane sugar and optional calcium chloride. The preparation method of the vase solution comprises the following steps: dissolving gibberellin with ethanol to obtain an ethanol solution of gibberellin; the preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially adding nano-silver, benzalkonium bromide, citric acid, cane sugar and optional calcium chloride into tap water, and uniformly stirring; and sequentially adding triton and the ethanol solution of the gibberellin, and uniformly stirring to obtain the vase solution. The invention further provides application of the vase solution in preservation of cut hippeastrum hippeastrum vase. The vase solution can prevent the tail end of the hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flower from rolling back or cracking, delay the shrinkage or withering of the hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flower, prevent or delay the bending of the stem of the hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flower and prolong the vase life of the hippeastrum hippeastrum cut flower, and has the advantages of low cost, simplicity and feasibility in preparation and use and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cut flower preservation, and in particular to a vase liquid for preserving amaryllis cut flowers, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Hippeastrumvittatum is a perennial bulbous flower of the Amaryllis genus of the Amaryllis family, which blooms in spring and summer. There are about 100 varieties of horticultural hybrid Hippeastrum, which have high ornamental value and are not only used for open-field planting and potted plants, but also for cut flower production.

[0003] Amaryllis has a variety of colors, large and beautiful funnel-shaped flowers, long and thick stems, and an average of 2 to 6 flowers on each branch. As a cut flower, it can be kept in a vase for more than a week.

[0004] At present, the research on Amaryllis mainly focuses on propagation and planting, and there is relatively little research on the preservation of Amaryllis cut flowers. The stems of Amaryllis cut flowers are hollow, and the cut ends of the stems are easy to curl back. Therefore, when cutting or vase-arranging Amaryllis, tape, rubber bands, etc. are often used to fix the ends of the stems.

[0005] CN201910296865.X discloses a method for preserving fresh cut amaryllis flowers, wherein a preservative liquid is filled into the flower stem of amaryllis in the bud stage, and then the base of the flower stem is sealed so that the preservative liquid is sealed inside the flower stem, the preservative liquid comprises a nutritional supplement and a fungicide, the nutritional supplement comprises three components with the following mass ratio: nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 1:3; 2 (for example, Huaduoduo No. 2), and the fungicide is 8-hydroxyquinoline and citric acid; the incision at the base of the flower stem is covered with a sleeve made of elastic material, and the upper opening is sealed with a belt made of soft plastic material, the sleeve made of elastic material is a latex sleeve, and the belt made of soft plastic material is a sealing film.

[0006] As one of the relatively new cut flower varieties, the cut flower preservatives currently available on the market are not very effective in preserving Amaryllis cut flowers. There are also the following problems: (1) The ends of Amaryllis cut flowers tend to curl or crack; (2) The flowers of Amaryllis cut flowers tend to shrink or wilt; (3) The flower stems of Amaryllis cut flowers tend to bend; and (4) The vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers is relatively short.

[0007] Therefore, the inventors have developed a vase liquid specifically for preserving Amaryllis cut flowers in response to the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the preservation of Amaryllis cut flowers. The vase liquid can prevent the curling and / or cracking of the ends of the Amaryllis cut flowers, delay the aging of the petals of the Amaryllis cut flowers (for example, delay the shrinkage and / or wilting of the Amaryllis cut flowers), prevent or delay the bending of the flower stems of the Amaryllis cut flowers, and extend the vase life of the Amaryllis cut flowers, thereby improving consumer satisfaction.

[0008] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents are listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not have the characteristics of these prior arts. On the contrary, the present invention already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background technology. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the above technical problems existing in the preservation of amaryllis cut flowers, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a vase liquid for preserving amaryllis cut flowers, wherein the vase liquid uses water as a solvent and comprises nanosilver, benzalkonium bromide, citric acid, gibberellin, triton and sucrose and optionally calcium chloride.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the fresh-keeping solution, which comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving gibberellin using ethanol to obtain an ethanol solution of gibberellin; (2) adding nanosilver, benzalkonium bromide, citric acid, sucrose and optional calcium chloride to tap water in sequence and stirring evenly; (3) adding Triton and the ethanol solution of gibberellin in sequence and stirring evenly to obtain the vase solution.

[0011] The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the vase liquid described in the first aspect of the present invention or the vase liquid prepared by the method described in the second aspect of the present invention in preserving amaryllis cut flowers.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the bottle insertion liquid of the present invention has one or more of the following technical effects:

[0013] (1) Prevent the ends of Amaryllis cut flowers from curling and / or cracking;

[0014] (2) delaying the shrinkage and / or wilting of Hippeastrum cut flowers;

[0015] (3) Prevent or delay the bending of the flower stems of Amaryllis cut flowers;

[0016] (4) Prolong the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers;

[0017] (5) Improve the overall vase quality of Amaryllis, delay petal senescence, and extend the vase period of Amaryllis;

[0018] (6) The components of the bottle insertion solution are low in cost and simple to prepare and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The image shows the stems of Amaryllis cut flowers and the effect of the vase liquid on the 5th day after vase insertion in Control Example 1.

[0020] Figure 2The diagram shows the stems of Amaryllis cut flowers and the effect of the vase liquid on the 5th day after vase insertion in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 3 The diagram shows the stems of Amaryllis cut flowers and the effect of the vase liquid on the 5th day after vase insertion in Example 2.

[0022] Figure 4 The diagram shows the stems of Amaryllis cut flowers and the effect of the vase liquid on the 5th day after vase insertion in Example 3.

[0023] Figure 5 The diagram shows the stems of Amaryllis cut flowers and the effect of the vase liquid on the fifth day of vase insertion in Example 4.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a picture showing the effect of control example 1 on the 9th day of vase insertion.

[0025] Figure 7 The effect diagram of Example 1 on the 9th day of bottle insertion is shown.

[0026] Figure 8 The effect diagram of Example 2 on the 9th day of bottle insertion is shown.

[0027] Fig. 9 The effect diagram of Example 3 on the 9th day of bottle insertion is shown.

[0028] Fig.10 The effect diagram of Example 4 on the 9th day of bottle insertion is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] As described above, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a vase liquid for preserving cut amaryllis flowers, wherein the vase liquid uses water as a solvent and comprises nanosilver, benzalkonium bromide, citric acid, gibberellin, triton and sucrose and optionally calcium chloride.

[0031] The inventors have found that the use of a combination of nanosilver and benzalkonium bromide as a fungicide can effectively inhibit the reproduction and / or growth of foreign microorganisms that use the tissue fluid released from the end of the flower stem of amaryllis cut flowers as a nutrient solution.

[0032] The flower stem of Amaryllis cut flower is hollow, and the incision at the stem end is prone to cracking or even curling, which leads to the expansion of the wound surface, increases the amount of tissue fluid released from the wound of Amaryllis cut flower, and thus makes the solution environment more suitable for the reproduction and growth of microorganisms, and also affects the flower stem of the cut flower to absorb liquid from the vase liquid by siphoning. In the prior art, tapes, rubber bands, etc. are often used to fix the end of the flower stem to prevent the stem segment of Amaryllis flower stem from cracking or curling, but this complicates the cutting operation and hinders the water shearing that is usually required before vase insertion (before vase insertion, the end usually needs to be sheared in water to remove the air plug in the cavity at the end of the flower stem so that the cut flower can absorb liquid by siphoning).

[0033] The inventors have found that further including calcium chloride in the vase liquid can effectively prevent the cracking and curling of the stem ends of the Amaryllis cut flowers, thereby reducing the wound surface, reducing the release of tissue fluid, inhibiting the reproduction and growth of microorganisms, and further delaying the shrinkage and wilting of the petals, thereby extending the vase life.

[0034] Therefore, in some more preferred embodiments, the vial solution further comprises calcium chloride.

[0035] In other preferred embodiments, the vial solution comprises 0.2-1 ppm (e.g., 0.5 or 0.8 ppm) of nanosilver, 10-50 mg / L (e.g., 20, 30 or 40 mg / L) of benzalkonium bromide, 100-500 mg / L (e.g., 200, 300 or 400 mg / L) of citric acid, 0-2 g / L (e.g., 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 g / L) of calcium chloride, 5-20 mg / L (e.g., 10 or 15 mg / L) of gibberellin, 10-40 μl / L (e.g., 20 or 30 μl / L) of Triton and 10-30 g / L (e.g., 15, 20 or 25 g / L) of sucrose.

[0036] In some other more preferred embodiments, the vial solution contains 0.5 ppm nanosilver, 50 mg / L benzalkonium bromide, 500 mg / L citric acid, 1 g / L calcium chloride, 20 mg / L gibberellin, 20 μl / L Triton and 10 g / L sucrose.

[0037] In other preferred embodiments, the vial solution comprises nanosilver, benzalkonium bromide, citric acid, gibberellin, Triton and sucrose and optionally calcium chloride, and the balance is water.

[0038] During preparation, it is necessary to first use ethanol to dissolve the gibberellin (it is sufficient to completely dissolve the gibberellin, for example, to prepare a saturated ethanol solution of gibberellin). The amount of ethanol used to dissolve the gibberellin is negligible relative to the solvent (water) of the vase liquid, and ethanol is easily volatile, so that the amount of ethanol in the vase liquid can be ignored, so that the vase liquid contains the above-mentioned components and the balance can be water.

[0039] In other preferred embodiments, the gibberellin is GA4+7. GA4+7 is a mixture of GA4 and GA7, and is usually sold in the form of a mixture, wherein the mass ratio of GA4 to GA7 in the GA4+7 can be, for example, 40:60. It is generally believed that GA3 has stronger physiological activity, while GA4 or GA7 or GA4+7 has relatively weaker physiological activity. In the present invention, the inventors found that the effect of GA3 is not as good as GA4 or GA7 or GA4+7, which may be because it is easy to cause strong physiological activity of the stems, thereby releasing more tissue fluid into the vase liquid, which is more conducive to the growth of microorganisms and thus affects the vase quality of Amaryllis cut flowers; while GA4 or GA7 or GA4+7 mainly plays a regulatory role in plant reproductive growth. Although the physiological activity is weak, the preservation effect is better when used as a vase liquid for Amaryllis cut flowers.

[0040] In other preferred embodiments, the Triton is Triton X-100, which is used as a surfactant.

[0041] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the fresh-keeping solution, which comprises the following steps: (1) using ethanol to dissolve gibberellin to obtain an ethanol solution of gibberellin (e.g., an ethanol solution saturated with gibberellin); (2) adding nanosilver, benzalkonium bromide, citric acid, sucrose, and optionally calcium chloride to tap water in sequence and stirring evenly; (3) adding Triton and the ethanol solution of gibberellin in sequence and stirring evenly to obtain the vase solution.

[0042] Preferably, in step (1), the ethanol solution of gibberellins is a saturated ethanol solution of gibberellins, so that the amount of ethanol in the finally prepared vial solution can be ignored.

[0043] It is also preferred or further preferred that in step (2), the nanosilver is used in the form of an acidic nanosilver dispersion with a concentration of 0.1% and a pH of 5.5.

[0044] The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the vase liquid described in the first aspect of the present invention or the vase liquid prepared by the method described in the second aspect of the present invention in preserving amaryllis cut flowers.

[0045] Preferably, the application is one or more of the following applications:

[0046] (1) Prevent the ends of Amaryllis cut flowers from curling and / or cracking;

[0047] (2) delaying the shrinkage and / or wilting of Hippeastrum cut flowers;

[0048] (3) Prevent or delay the bending of the flower stems of Amaryllis cut flowers;

[0049] (4) Extend the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers.

[0050] More preferably, the application is the application described in items (1) to (4) above.

[0051] When using the vase liquid of the present invention, the flower stem of the amaryllis cut flower can be cut off by 3 to 5 cm in water, and then inserted into the vase liquid. The vase liquid can be replaced every 5 days. There are no special requirements for the ambient temperature and humidity, but it can be 20-25° C. and the relative humidity can be 60%-70%, mainly depending on the ambient conditions.

[0052] Example

[0053] The present invention will be further described below in the form of embodiments, but these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0054] Control Example 1 was vase-inserted with clean water, and the compositions of Examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 1. The composition of the vase-inserted solution is as follows: 0.5 ml / L of acidic nanosilver (purchased from Shanghai Huzheng Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., pH 5.5, 1000 ppm), 50 mg / L of benzalkonium bromide, 500 mg / L of citric acid, 20 μl / L of Triton X-100; the mass ratio of GA4 and GA7 in GA4+7 is 40:60, and the concentration is shown in Table 1; the sucrose concentration is 10 g / L. Example 4 further comprises 1 g / L of calcium chloride. The solvent of the vase-inserted solution of Examples 1 to 4 is water.

[0055] Table 1. Formula concentrations of the bottle inserts of the control examples and examples 1-4

[0056]

[0057] The experimental flowers were pink Hippeastrum hybridum, 'PinkImpression' and white Hippeastrum hybridum, 'montblanc', purchased from the flower market. Three cut flowers of pink and white Hippeastrum were used in each treatment group. The cut flower stems were cut by 4 cm (3-5 cm) in water, and the flower stems with a length of 50 cm were retained. Then they were placed in the vase.

[0058] The ambient temperature was controlled at 22°C ± 2°C and the relative humidity was controlled at 60-70%. The ornamental quality of cut flowers was evaluated every day.

[0059] Flower diameter (cm): Use a ruler to measure the unfolded diameter of the flower each day during the vase observation.

[0060] Flower wilting rate (%): The percentage of wilted and shrunken flowers among the total number of flowers.

[0061] Flower stem bending rate (%): the percentage of bent flower stems to the total number of flower stems.

[0062] Vase life (d): When 50% or more of the flowers wilt, shrink, or the flower stems bend, etc., and lose their ornamental value, the vase life of the cut flower is considered to have ended, that is, the number of days from the date of vase placement to the end of the cut flower vase placement.

[0063] The measured index value of each treatment group is the average measured value of the cut flowers in that treatment group.

[0064] The results are shown in Table 2.

[0065] After observation, the maximum flower diameter of each embodiment and the control example fluctuates in the range of 19.9 to 21.2 cm on average, with little difference. The pink variety of Amaryllis has a smaller opening degree, and the maximum flower diameter is basically only half of that of the white variety, but the difference between each embodiment and the control example is not obvious.

[0066] After one day of vase placement, wrinkles appeared on the upper ends of the stems of two white amaryllis in the control example, and the stem of one white amaryllis in Example 2 was bent. After artificial fixation, subsequent observation experiments could be achieved.

[0067] After 2 days of vase incubation, the control solution became slightly turbid, but the vase incubation solutions of Examples 1 to 4 remained clear.

[0068] After 3 days of vase insertion, the Amaryllis flowers began to open significantly. The Amaryllis flowers in the control example that were bent and then fixed artificially could continue to open, while the cut flowers in Examples 1 to 4 did not bend.

[0069] After 4 days of vase insertion, the degree of opening of white amaryllis was significantly greater than that of pink amaryllis, but there was no significant difference between the examples.

[0070] Vase for 5 days, Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the stem ends of the control examples 1, 2, and 3 partially cracked and curled, but the stem ends of Example 4 containing calcium chloride were not observed to crack or curl.

[0071] After 6 days of vase insertion, the petals of the pink amaryllis in the control example began to shrink, and the stem of one of the white amaryllis branches was bent, but Examples 1 to 4 did not show any senescence symptoms such as petal shrinkage, and the flower stems did not bend.

[0072] After 7 days of vase insertion, 2 white and 1 white amaryllis in the control were completely broken, the flower stem bending rate reached 50%, and the flower wilting rate increased to 60%. The vase insertion life ended, and the average vase insertion life was 6.8 days.

[0073] After 7 days of vase placement, one branch of white amaryllis in Example 2 was bent, the flower stem bending rate was 16.6%, and the flower wilting rate was 15%.

[0074] The wilting rate of flowers in Example 3 was slightly higher than that in Example 1, 25% and 22.2% respectively. However, there was no flower stem bending. Example 4 performed the best, with no flower stem bending and flower senescence.

[0075] Table 2. Vase performance of Amaryllis cut flowers in the control example and each embodiment

[0076]

[0077] After 9 days of vase placement, the vase placement effect is as shown below Figures 6 to 10 As shown, the life span of the amaryllis in Examples 1 and 3 was determined to be over because the flowers wilted or the flower stems bent by more than half, and the vase life span was 8.4 days and 8.6 days respectively, which was extended by 23.5% and 26.4% respectively compared with 6.8 days in the control example.

[0078] Finally, the vase life of Example 2 and Example 4 was 9.8 days and 10.3 days, respectively, which was 44.1% and 51.5% longer than that of the control example.

[0079] In summary, the preservation effects of Examples 1 to 3 are significantly better than those of the control example, and the preservation effect of Example 4 is significantly better than those of Examples 1 to 3, especially in preventing the end of the flower stem from cracking and unwinding.

[0080] It should be noted that the above-mentioned specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention specification and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation of the claims. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The present invention specification contains multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally", all of which indicate that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept, and the applicant reserves the right to file a divisional application based on each inventive concept. Throughout the text, the feature guided by "preferably" is only an optional method and should not be understood as a must-have setting. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete the relevant preferred features at any time.

Claims

1. A vase liquid for preserving cut amaryllis flowers, characterized in that: The bottle insertion solution uses water as a solvent and contains nano silver, benzalkonium bromide, citric acid, gibberellin, Triton and sucrose.

2. The bottle insertion liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vial solution also includes calcium chloride.

3. The bottle insertion liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottle insertion solution contains 0.2-1 ppm of nano-silver, 10-50 mg / L of benzalkonium bromide, 100-500 mg / L of citric acid, 0-2 g / L of calcium chloride, 5-20 mg / L of gibberellin, 10-40 μl / L of Triton and 10-30 g / L of sucrose.

4. The bottle insertion liquid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vial solution contains 0.5 ppm of nanosilver, 50 mg / L of benzalkonium bromide, 500 mg / L of citric acid, 1 g / L of calcium chloride, 20 mg / L of gibberellin, 20 μl / L of Triton and 10 g / L of sucrose.

5. The bottle insertion liquid according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The vial solution contains nanosilver, benzalkonium bromide, citric acid, gibberellin, Triton and sucrose and optionally calcium chloride, and the balance is water.

6. The bottle insertion liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The gibberellin is GA4+7; and / or The Triton is Triton X-100.

7. The bottle insertion liquid according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mass ratio of GA4 to GA7 in the GA4+7 is 40:

60.

8. A method for preparing the bottle insertion solution according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving gibberellins using ethanol to obtain an ethanol solution of gibberellins; (2) adding nanosilver, benzalkonium bromide, citric acid, sucrose and optional calcium chloride into tap water in sequence and stirring evenly; (3) Adding Triton and the ethanol solution of gibberellin in sequence and stirring evenly to obtain the bottle insertion solution.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (1), the ethanol solution of gibberellin is a saturated ethanol solution of gibberellin; and / or In step (2), the nanosilver is used in the form of an acidic nanosilver dispersion with a concentration of 0.1% and a pH of 5.

5.

10. Use of the vase liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the vase liquid prepared by the method according to claim 8 or 9 in preserving cut amaryllis flowers; Preferably, the application is one or more of the following applications: (1) Prevent the ends of Amaryllis cut flowers from curling and / or cracking; (2) delaying the shrinkage and / or wilting of Hippeastrum cut flowers; (3) Prevent or delay the bending of the flower stems of Amaryllis cut flowers; (4) Extend the vase life of Amaryllis cut flowers.

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