PtBi / C catalyst for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a PtBi / C catalyst for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry. The PtBi catalyst is prepared by using a platinum source, a metal reducing agent, a surfactant and a bismuth source as raw materials through a hydrothermal reaction, and then is combined with a carbon-based carrier to prepare the PtBi / C catalyst. The catalyst has low manufacturing cost and simple preparation method, and the method of transition metal doping and active component adhesion to the carbon-based carrier can effectively reduce the use amount of Pt and ensure that the catalyst has excellent water electrolysis hydrogen evolution capacity. The catalyst has remarkable long-term stability, and the activity attenuation can be almost ignored after 30 hours of continuous operation, so the catalyst has wide application prospects in efficient water electrolysis hydrogen production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochemical technology, and in particular to a PtBi / C catalyst for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen energy, as a clean and efficient secondary energy source, has attracted much attention among various forms of renewable energy, mainly because of its advantages of being eco-friendly, having zero emissions, and possessing a high gravimetric calorific value of 120 MJ / kg. Its combustion product is only water. Water electrolysis based on a flowing electrolyzer can also realize a sustainable hydrogen economy.

[0003] Platinum group metal electrocatalysts exhibit exceptional intrinsic hydrogen evolution activity and stability. However, the practical application of noble metal catalysts is limited by high cost and CO poisoning. Furthermore, as the noble metal loading decreases, oxygen transfer resistance increases, and the limited number of accessible active sites leads to reduced durability.

[0004] To address this issue, the use of nanostructured electrocatalysts with large surface-to-volume ratios and alloying platinum group metals with transition metals can be explored. However, the morphology and size inhomogeneity of existing nanoscale platinum group metal / transition metal alloys, the formation of bulk products, and differences in transition metal sources all affect their catalytic activity. Therefore, the preparation of highly uniform nanoparticle platinum group metal / transition metal alloy catalysts with high electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a PtBi / C catalyst for hydrogen production through water electrolysis, its preparation method, and its applications, thereby addressing the problems existing in the prior art. The catalyst provided by this invention for hydrogen production through water electrolysis has a simple composition, uniform morphology, good stability, high catalytic efficiency, and a relatively lower cost compared to commercially available hydrogen evolution catalysts.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of this invention: a method for preparing a PtBi / C catalyst for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, comprising the following steps:

[0008] A platinum source, a metal reducing agent, a surfactant, and a bismuth source are dispersed in an organic solvent to obtain a mixture;

[0009] The mixture was subjected to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain a PtBi catalyst;

[0010] The PtBi catalyst and carbon-based support were dispersed in a solvent to obtain a mixed solution, and the mixed solution was centrifuged and washed to obtain a solid product.

[0011] The solid product was dispersed in an acid solution, heated and stirred, and then centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain the PtBi / C catalyst.

[0012] Furthermore, the platinum source is one of platinum acetylacetonate, potassium tetrachloroplatinate, potassium chloroplatinate, sodium chloroplatinate, and sodium tetrachloroplatinate; the metal reducing agent is one of molybdenum hexacarbonyl, tungsten hexacarbonyl, and chromium hexacarbonyl; the surfactant is a cationic surfactant; the bismuth source is bismuth chloride or bismuth nitrate; the organic solvent is oleylamine; and the carbon-based support is one of conductive carbon black and carbon nanotubes.

[0013] Furthermore, the platinum source is preferably platinum acetylacetonate; the metal reducing agent is preferably molybdenum hexacarbonyl; the bismuth source is preferably bismuth chloride; and the carbon-based support is preferably conductive carbon black.

[0014] Furthermore, the cationic surfactant is hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB).

[0015] Further, the concentration of platinum ions in the platinum source in the mixture is 0.005 mmol / mL, the concentration of bismuth ions in the bismuth source is 0.0003–0.0025 mmol / mL, the concentration of the metal reducing agent is 0.0076 mmol / mL, and the concentration of the surfactant is 0.055 mmol / mL; the hydrothermal reaction is carried out at a temperature of 200°C for a time of 0.5–5 h.

[0016] Furthermore, the molar ratio of platinum ions to bismuth ions in the mixture is 1:0.06-0.5, preferably 1:0.5.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydrothermal reaction time is preferably 5 hours.

[0018] When the reaction time is too short, it will affect the uniformity of the morphology and catalytic activity of the prepared PtBi catalyst.

[0019] Furthermore, the carbon-based support is conductive carbon black; the solvent is cyclohexane; and the acid solution is 36 wt% acetic acid.

[0020] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the PtBi catalyst to the carbon-based support is 1:2.

[0021] Furthermore, the ratio of the solid product to the acid solution is 1 mg: 1 mL.

[0022] Furthermore, after the hydrothermal reaction is completed, a centrifugal washing operation is also included.

[0023] Furthermore, the heating and stirring temperature is 70°C, and the time is not less than 12 hours; the centrifugation and washing are all done using a mixed solution of cyclohexane and ethanol.

[0024] Furthermore, the centrifugal washing after the hydrothermal reaction is completed is specifically performed by centrifugation using a mixed solution of cyclohexane and ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:6.

[0025] The centrifugal washing of the mixed solution to obtain the solid product specifically involves centrifugation using a mixed solution of cyclohexane and ethanol in a volume ratio of 6:1.

[0026] The process of dispersing the solid product in an acidic solution, heating and stirring, followed by centrifugal washing and drying to obtain the PtBi / C catalyst specifically involves centrifugal washing with a mixed solution of cyclohexane and ethanol in a volume ratio of 6:1.

[0027] The second technical solution of the present invention: a PtBi / C catalyst for hydrogen production by water electrolysis prepared by the above preparation method.

[0028] Furthermore, the PtBi / C catalyst comprises a carbon-based support and a PtBi alloy supported on the carbon-based support, wherein the molar ratio of Pt to Bi is 1:0.008 to 0.114.

[0029] The third technical solution of the present invention: the application of the above-mentioned PtBi / C catalyst in the catalytic production of hydrogen by water electrolysis under alkaline conditions.

[0030] The fourth technical solution of the present invention: an electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, wherein the active component of the electrode includes the above-mentioned PtBi / C catalyst.

[0031] Fifth technical solution of the present invention: Application of the above-mentioned electrode for hydrogen production by water electrolysis in alkaline water electrocatalytic hydrogen production.

[0032] Furthermore, the method of application is as follows: under normal temperature and pressure conditions, potassium hydroxide is used as the electrolyte, Hg / HgO is used as the reference electrode, a carbon rod is used as the counter electrode, and the electrode used for electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is used as the working electrode, and electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is carried out in an alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide.

[0033] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0034] This invention uses a one-pot hydrothermal method to prepare PtBi catalysts, which are then combined with carbon-based supports to prepare PtBi / C catalysts. The process is simple, easy to prepare in large quantities, and can effectively control the morphology and size of the catalysts.

[0035] The catalyst of this invention is obtained by loading a specific proportion of PtBi alloy onto a carbon-based support. After the catalyst is prepared as a working electrode, it can achieve a highly efficient water electrolysis hydrogen evolution reaction at a low overpotential and has excellent stability. By doping with transition metals, the cost of water electrolysis hydrogen production is reduced and its hydrogen evolution performance is improved, which is beneficial for practical applications.

[0036] The catalyst of this invention has low production cost and simple preparation method. By using transition metal doping and attaching the active component to a carbon-based support, the amount of Pt used can be effectively reduced while ensuring that the catalyst has excellent hydrogen production capacity through water electrolysis. Moreover, the catalyst has significant long-term stability, and the activity decay is almost negligible after 30 hours of continuous operation. It has broad application prospects in efficient water electrolysis for hydrogen production. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 The following are HAADF-STEM, HRTEM, and STEM-EDS elemental mapping diagrams of the PtBi / C catalyst prepared in Example 8, wherein (a) is the HAADF-STEM diagram, (b) to (c) are the HRTEM diagrams, and (d) to (f) are the STEM-EDS elemental analysis diagrams.

[0039] Figure 2 The XRD patterns of the PtBi / C catalysts prepared in Examples 5-8 are shown.

[0040] Figure 3 Linear voltammetry plots of the hydrogen evolution reaction at -10 mA cm⁻¹ for the working electrodes prepared using the catalysts from Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1. -2 -100mA cm -2 The overpotentials corresponding to the current density, where (a) to (b) are linear voltammetry diagrams, and (c) is an overpotential diagram;

[0041] Figure 4 Impedance spectra of the working electrodes prepared from the catalysts of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1;

[0042] Figure 5 The results show the long-term multi-current stability test of the working electrode prepared from the catalyst of Example 8;

[0043] Figure 6 TEM images of PtBi / C catalysts prepared under different hydrothermal reaction times in Examples 8 to 11, where (a) is Example 9, (b) is Example 10, (c) is Example 11, and (d) is Example 8;

[0044] Figure 7The hydrogen evolution performance test results are for the working electrodes prepared from the catalysts of Examples 8-11;

[0045] Figure 8 The results show the hydrogen evolution performance test results of the working electrodes prepared from the catalysts of Example 8 and Comparative Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0047] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0048] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0049] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0050] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0051] All raw materials and reagents used in this invention are commercially available products.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A PtBi / C catalyst for hydrogen production by water electrolysis is prepared by the following steps:

[0054] 20 mg (0.05 mmol) platinum acetylacetonate, 20 mg (0.076 mmol) molybdenum hexacarbonyl, 200 mg (0.55 mmol) CTAB, and 1 mg (0.003 mmol) bismuth nitrate were dissolved in a 100 mL flask containing 10 mL of oleylamine and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min to obtain a mixture. The resulting mixture was subjected to a hydrothermal reaction at 200 °C for 5 h in an oil bath. After the reaction, the mixture was washed by centrifugation with a mixture of cyclohexane and ethanol (volume ratio 1:6) to obtain PtBi catalyst (5 mg). 10 mg of conductive carbon black and 30 mL of cyclohexane were added to a beaker containing the above PtBi catalyst at a mass ratio of PtBi catalyst to conductive carbon black of 1:2. The mixture was then ultrasonically dispersed, and the resulting mixture was washed by centrifugation with a mixture of cyclohexane and ethanol (volume ratio 6:1). The washed solid product was transferred to a 15 mL flask containing acetic acid at a volume ratio of 1 mg:1 mL. In a flask containing 36 wt% acetic acid, the mixture was stirred at 1400 rpm for 12 h in an oil bath at 70 °C. After centrifugation and washing with a mixed solution of cyclohexane and ethanol (volume ratio 6:1), and drying, the PtBi / C catalyst was obtained. XPS analysis showed that the composition of the PtBi / C catalyst was PtBi. 0.008 / C.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Compared to Example 1, the only differences are that the amount of bismuth nitrate added is 2 mg (0.006 mmol), the amount of conductive carbon black added is adjusted according to the amount of PtBi catalyst generated, and the amount of acetic acid is adjusted according to the amount of solid product. The product, as determined by XPS analysis, is denoted as PtBi. 0.02 / C.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] Compared to Example 1, the only differences are that the amount of bismuth nitrate added is 4 mg (0.012 mmol), the amount of conductive carbon black added is adjusted according to the amount of PtBi catalyst generated, and the amount of acetic acid is adjusted according to the amount of solid product. The product, as determined by XPS analysis, is denoted as PtBi. 0.044 / C.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] Compared to Example 1, the only differences are that the amount of bismuth nitrate added is 8 mg (0.024 mmol), the amount of conductive carbon black added is adjusted according to the amount of PtBi catalyst generated, and the amount of acetic acid is adjusted according to the amount of solid product. The product, as determined by XPS analysis, is denoted as PtBi. 0.091 / C.

[0061] Example 5

[0062] The only difference from Example 1 is that the bismuth source was bismuth chloride (0.003 mmol), and the product, as determined by XPS analysis, was designated as PtBi. 0.011 / C.

[0063] Example 6

[0064] Compared to Example 5, the only differences are that the amount of bismuth chloride added is 2 mg (0.006 mmol), the amount of conductive carbon black added is adjusted according to the amount of PtBi catalyst generated, and the amount of acetic acid is adjusted according to the amount of solid product. The product, as determined by XPS analysis, is denoted as PtBi. 0.026 / C.

[0065] Example 7

[0066] Compared to Example 5, the only differences are that the amount of bismuth chloride added is 4 mg (0.012 mmol), the amount of conductive carbon black added is adjusted according to the amount of PtBi catalyst generated, and the amount of acetic acid is adjusted according to the amount of solid product. The product, as determined by XPS analysis, is denoted as PtBi. 0.055 / C.

[0067] Example 8

[0068] Compared to Example 5, the only differences are that the amount of bismuth chloride added is 8 mg (0.024 mmol), the amount of conductive carbon black added is adjusted according to the amount of PtBi catalyst generated, and the amount of acetic acid is adjusted according to the amount of solid product. The product, as determined by XPS analysis, is denoted as PtBi. 0.114 / C.

[0069] Example 9

[0070] Compared with Example 8, the only difference is that the mixture was subjected to a hydrothermal reaction at 200°C for 0.5 hours in an oil bath, and the product was denoted as PtBi / C-0.5.

[0071] Example 10

[0072] Compared with Example 9, the only difference is that the mixture was subjected to a hydrothermal reaction at 200°C for 1 hour in an oil bath, and the product was denoted as PtBi / C-1.

[0073] Example 11

[0074] Compared with Example 9, the only difference is that the mixture was subjected to a hydrothermal reaction at 200°C for 2 hours in an oil bath, and the product was denoted as PtBi / C-2.

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] Commercially available Pt / C catalyst, supplied by Suzhou Yilongsheng Energy Technology Co., Ltd., specification: 20wt% platinum-carbon catalyst.

[0077] Comparative Example 2

[0078] Compared with Example 8, the only difference is that the mixture was subjected to a hydrothermal reaction at 140°C for 5 hours in an oil bath, and the product was denoted as PtBi / C-140.

[0079] Test case

[0080] (1) Characterization of the morphology, structure and composition of the catalyst

[0081] The morphology and composition of the PtBi / C catalyst prepared in Example 8 were characterized by high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM (HAADF-STEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and STEM-EDS elemental mapping. The results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0082] Figure 1 The images show HAADF-STEM, HRTEM, and STEM-EDS elemental mappings of the PtBi / C catalyst prepared in Example 8. (a) is the HAADF-STEM image, (b)–(c) are the HRTEM images, and (d)–(f) are the STEM-EDS elemental analysis images. As can be seen from (a), the catalyst prepared in Example 8 mainly consists of highly uniform spherical particles with an average diameter of approximately 5 nm. Clear lattice fringes with spacings of 0.232 nm and 0.203 nm can be observed in (b)–(c), pointing to the (111) and (200) crystal planes of the intermetallic compound PtBi, respectively (inset in (b)). This result is consistent with… Figure 2 The XRD results in (d) to (f) show the coexistence of Pt and Bi elements and their uniform distribution throughout the particles, further confirming the intermetallic structure. The catalysts prepared in Examples 1 to 7 have particles with a diameter of 4-5 nm.

[0083] The PtBi / C catalysts prepared in Examples 5–8 were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, PtBi 0.011 / C、PtBi 0.026 / C、PtBi 0.055 / C、PtBi 0.114 / C corresponds to Examples 5-8, respectively. The straight lines represent the peak positions of the standard Pt (red) and Bi (light blue) samples. It can be clearly seen that the PtBi / C catalysts prepared in Examples 5-8 basically match the standard characteristic peaks of Pt (JCPDS 04-0802), but the characteristic peaks corresponding to Bi (JCPDS 85-1329) do not appear, indicating that the content of Bi element is low. As the Bi input increases, the characteristic peaks corresponding to Pt gradually shift to higher angles. The main diffraction peaks of the PtBi / C catalyst prepared in Example 8 appear at 40.2°, 46.76°, and 67.84°, which are attributed to the (111), (200), and (220) planes of Pt, respectively. The peak positions of the standard Pt (111) are located at 39.76°, 46.24°, and 67.45°, respectively. This phenomenon well indicates the formation of intermetallic structures and the compression of the Pt lattice.

[0084] (2) Electrochemical performance testing

[0085] 2 mg of catalyst (using the PtBi / C catalyst finally prepared in Examples 1-11 and the catalyst in Comparative Example 1 as the test catalysts) was weighed into a mixed suspension in a mixture of 600 μL isopropanol, 390 μL deionized water and 10 μL 5% Nafion solution. After ultrasonic treatment, 10 μL of the mixed suspension was dropped onto a glassy carbon electrode and allowed to dry naturally to obtain the working electrode.

[0086] The relevant parameters of the three-electrode system for testing the hydrogen evolution reaction performance are as follows:

[0087] Working electrode: Glassy carbon electrode (glassy carbon electrode diameter: 5mm, area: 0.196cm²) 2 (The corresponding catalyst was loaded and tested);

[0088] Reference electrode: Hg / HgO electrode;

[0089] Counter electrode: Graphite rod electrode;

[0090] Electrolyte: 1M KOH.

[0091] In 1M KOH solution, a reverse-scan LSV test was performed at a scan rate of 20 mV / s over a voltage range of -0.475 to 0.074 V vs. RHE to evaluate the hydrogen evolution performance and corresponding overpotential of the working electrodes prepared with the catalysts of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1. The results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0092] Figure 3 Linear voltammetry plots of the hydrogen evolution reaction at the working electrodes prepared using the catalysts from Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1, and plots at -10 mA / cm². -2 -100mAcm-2 The overpotentials corresponding to the current density are shown, where (a) to (b) are linear voltammetry diagrams, and (c) is the overpotential diagram. Figure 3 It can be seen that, in the hydrogen evolution performance test of 1M KOH solution, the working electrode prepared by the catalysts prepared in Examples 1-8 of this invention generally exhibits better hydrogen evolution performance than the Pt / C catalyst of Comparative Example 1 (-10 mAcm). -2 -100mAcm -2 The corresponding overpotentials are 49mV and 268mV, respectively. In Example 1, the overpotential is -10mA / cm. -2 -100mA cm -2 The corresponding overpotentials were 32 mV and 169 mV, respectively. Examples 2 showed 42 mV and 218 mV, Examples 3 showed 44 mV and 281 mV, Examples 4 showed 54 mV and 373 mV, Examples 5 showed 40 mV and 235 mV, Examples 6 showed 54 mV and 349 mV, Examples 7 showed 47 mV and 272 mV, and Examples 8 showed 36 mV and 226 mV. It can be seen that different bismuth sources exhibited different trends in hydrogen evolution catalytic activity. Examples 1-4, using bismuth nitrate as the bismuth source, showed an initial high activity followed by a decrease. The catalyst prepared in Example 1, with a relatively high Pt content, exhibited the best hydrogen evolution catalytic activity and also showed the best hydrogen evolution performance in Examples 1-8. In contrast, Examples 5-8, using bismuth chloride as the bismuth source, showed a "volcano-like" trend in hydrogen evolution catalytic activity. The catalyst prepared in Example 8, with the lowest Pt content, exhibited the best hydrogen evolution catalytic activity. Since Example 8 has the highest Bi content and a relatively lower proportion of precious metal Pt, it balances cost and high efficiency in hydrogen evolution catalysis. Therefore, Example 8 can be the most preferred PtBi / C catalyst.

[0093] The charge transfer kinetics of the working electrodes prepared with the catalysts from Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 during the hydrogen evolution reaction were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0094] Figure 4 The impedance spectra of the working electrodes prepared from the catalysts of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1 are shown. Figure 4 It can be seen that the PtBi / C series materials in Examples 1 to 8 all exhibited lower charge transfer resistance than Pt / C in Comparative Example 1, and the smallest charge transfer resistance was observed in the catalyst prepared in Example 8.

[0095] Electrochemical stability was evaluated by recording the VT curve under constant current. The working electrode was prepared using the catalyst obtained in the preferred Example 8 as the target catalyst, and long-term multi-current stability tests were performed. The multi-current test adopted a six-segment method (constant current - 10 mA / cm²). -2-30mAcm -2 -50mA cm -2 -80mA cm -2 -100mA cm -2 -10mAcm -2 Each segment underwent a 5-hour stability test, and the results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0096] Figure 5 The results show the long-term multi-current stability test of the working electrode prepared from the catalyst of Example 8. Figure 5 It can be seen that the stability is excellent within the 30-hour test period. After 25 hours of testing, a constant current of -10mAcm was applied again. -2 The voltage at 30 hours (85mV) was almost the same as that at 5 hours (87mV) after 5 hours of testing, indicating that it has good durability.

[0097] (3) Investigation on the effect of hydrothermal reaction time on catalyst morphology and performance

[0098] Figure 6 TEM images of the PtBi / C catalysts prepared under different hydrothermal reaction times in Examples 8-11 are shown, where (a) is Example 9, (b) is Example 10, (c) is Example 11, and (d) is Example 8. Figure 6 It can be seen that in (a), there are small particles with a diameter of about 4-7 nm and larger blocky products with an aspect ratio (60 nm: 30 nm) of about 2. In (b) to (d), as the reaction time increases, the blocky products gradually decrease, and products with 4-6 nm particles are generated as shown in Figures (b) and (c). Finally, when the reaction time is increased to 5 h, the products exist in the form of a large number of spherical small particles with an average diameter of about 5 nm.

[0099] Figure 7 The graphs show the hydrogen evolution performance of the working electrodes prepared from the catalysts of Examples 8-11. Figure 7 It can be seen that as the reaction time increases, the hydrogen evolution performance of the corresponding catalyst is significantly improved, which is related to the morphology and size of the catalyst.

[0100] Figure 8 The results show the hydrogen evolution performance test results of the working electrodes prepared using the catalysts from Example 8 and Comparative Example 2. Figure 8 It can be concluded that Comparative Example 2 is at -10 mA / cm -2 -100mAcm -2 The corresponding overpotentials are 75mV and 422mV, respectively. The overpotentials are significantly worse than those of the catalyst in Example 8. Therefore, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is preferably 200℃.

[0101] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a PtBi / C catalyst for hydrogen production by water electrolysis under alkaline conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A platinum source, a metal reducing agent, a surfactant, and a bismuth source are dispersed in an organic solvent to obtain a mixture; The mixture was subjected to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain a PtBi catalyst; The PtBi catalyst and carbon-based support were dispersed in a solvent to obtain a mixed solution, and the mixed solution was centrifuged and washed to obtain a solid product. The solid product was dispersed in an acid solution, heated and stirred, and then centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain the PtBi / C catalyst. The platinum source is one of platinum acetylacetonate, potassium tetrachloroplatinate, potassium chloroplatinate, sodium chloroplatinate, and sodium tetrachloroplatinate; the metal reducing agent is one of molybdenum hexacarbonyl, tungsten hexacarbonyl, and chromium hexacarbonyl; the surfactant is a cationic surfactant; the bismuth source is bismuth chloride or bismuth nitrate; the organic solvent is oleylamine; and the carbon-based support is one of conductive carbon black and carbon nanotubes. The solvent is cyclohexane; the acid solution is 36 wt% acetic acid; The concentration of platinum ions in the platinum source in the mixture is 0.005 mmol / mL, the concentration of bismuth ions in the bismuth source is 0.0003–0.0025 mmol / mL, the concentration of the metal reducing agent is 0.0076 mmol / mL, and the concentration of the surfactant is 0.055 mmol / mL; the hydrothermal reaction is carried out at a temperature of 200°C for 5 hours. The mass ratio of the PtBi catalyst to the carbon-based support is 1:2; The heating and stirring temperature is 70°C, and the time is not less than 12 hours; the centrifugation and washing are all done using a mixed solution of cyclohexane and ethanol.

2. A PtBi / C catalyst for hydrogen production by water electrolysis under alkaline conditions, prepared by the method described in claim 1.

3. The application of the PtBi / C catalyst as described in claim 2 in the catalytic production of hydrogen by water electrolysis under alkaline conditions.

4. An electrode for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, characterized in that, The active component of the electrode includes the PtBi / C catalyst for hydrogen production by water electrolysis under alkaline conditions as described in claim 2.

5. The application of the electrode for hydrogen production by water electrolysis as described in claim 4 in catalytic hydrogen production by water electrolysis under alkaline conditions.

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