Slope building supporting method for open-air stope side slope

Abstract

According to the slope building supporting method, slope building supporting is conducted on the open-pit slope in the modes of pumice stone cleaning, slope hole arranging, foundation hole arranging, formwork erecting and grouting and the like, the structure is simple, the construction efficiency is high, the supporting effect is obvious, and the problem that due to local collapse of the open-pit slope, the slope building effect is poor can be effectively solved. The problems that the slope angle of the open-air stope is increased and the current situation does not conform to the design are solved, and the stability of the slope of the open-air stope is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The patent of this invention relates to the technical field of open pit slope support, specifically a method for slope support in an open pit. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit mines carry out waste rock stripping and ore mining by descending layer by layer. The open-pit slopes formed during the descending process are affected by unknown geological structures, rock crushing zones and blasting vibrations, which causes partial collapse of some slopes. This increases the slope angle of the open-pit mine and causes the current situation to be inconsistent with the design, resulting in safety hazards such as landslides on the slopes of the open-pit mine.

[0003] When open-pit mining is carried out in a descending stage, the current slope of the open-pit mine exceeds the designed slope limit, resulting in a situation where the current situation is inconsistent with the design. Taking into account factors such as the safety of the open-pit mine slope, the present invention proposes a slope support method for the open-pit mine slope to solve such safety hazards and other problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to propose a slope support method for an open pit mine, aiming at the problems that the current status of the open pit mine slope is inconsistent with the design, and the step slope angle is too large, resulting in safety hazards in the open pit mine slope.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for supporting the slope of an open pit, comprising the following steps: S1. Pumice cleaning: Use mechanical cleaning to clean the pumice on the slope of the open pit that needs support; S2. Base cleaning: Use an excavator to clean the sand and gravel at the bottom of the open-pit slope that needs support to create a flat, hard rock base; S3, Slope drilling: The open pit slope cleared in S1 is drilled with a YT28 drilling rig, with a hole diameter of φ40mm, a hole depth of 5m, and a drilling angle of 15° downward from the horizontal line (±1°); S4, reinforcement in the hole: insert anchor rods into the holes arranged in S3. The diameter of the anchor rods is φ25mm, the length is 5.1m, and the installation angle of the anchor rods is 15° with the horizontal line; S5, grouting in the hole: inject mortar of M2.5 strength grade into the holes arranged in S3. The mortar should be used immediately after mixing, and the grouting in the hole must be full. Insert the grouting pipe to the bottom of the hole and start grouting. The grouting pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa. After the grouting is completed, the anchor rod is immediately lowered into the grouting hole; S6, basement hole arrangement: The basement of the open pit slope cleared in S2 is drilled with a 138 drilling rig, with a hole diameter of φ140mm, a hole depth of 2m, and a perforation angle of 90° with the horizontal line (±1°); S7, reinforcement in the hole: insert anchor piles into the holes arranged in S6, the anchor pile rod diameter is φ70mm, the rod length is 2.2m, and the anchor pile installation angle is perpendicular to the horizontal line; S8, grouting in the hole: inject mortar of M2.5 strength grade into the holes arranged in S6 respectively. The mortar is used as soon as it is mixed, and the grouting in the hole must be full. The grouting pipe is inserted to the bottom of the hole to start grouting. The grouting pressure is 0.3~0.5MPa. After the grouting is completed, the anchor pile is immediately lowered into the grouting hole; S9, connecting steel bars and welding: connect the anchor rods arranged in the S4 slope boreholes with the anchor piles arranged in the S7 base boreholes by connecting steel bars and welding, and the diameter of the connecting steel bars is φ25mm; S10, formwork: formwork the area that needs support prepared in S1 to S9. When supporting the formwork, ensure that the angle of the formwork is consistent with the designed slope angle; S11, Grouting: Inject M2.5 strength grade mortar into the S10 formwork. The mortar should be used immediately after mixing. The grouting in the formwork must be full. Insert the grouting pipe into the formwork and start grouting. During grouting, the formwork can be gently tapped to prevent the formation of cavities inside the formwork.

[0006] Furthermore, in the S3 slope drilling arrangement, the spacing between the boreholes is 1.4×1.4m.

[0007] Furthermore, in the S6 base substrate drilling, the drilling spacing is 1.4 m, and the drilling row spacing is determined according to the base substrate size, at least 1 row.

[0008] Furthermore, in the reinforcement arrangement in hole S7, the exposed anchor piles on the base need to be bent at a certain angle and extended to the top row of anchor rods; Furthermore, in S9 connecting steel bars and welding, it is necessary to ensure that each anchor rod is welded to the anchor pile through the connecting steel bars.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention supports the open-pit mine slope by means of pumice cleaning, slope hole arrangement, base hole arrangement, formwork grouting and the like. The invention patent has a simple structure, high construction efficiency and obvious supporting effect. It can effectively solve the problems of open-pit mine slope partial collapse, increase of open-pit mine slope angle and inconsistency between the current situation and the design, and increase the stability of the open-pit mine slope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 is a construction flow chart of the patent of this invention.

[0011] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the patent of the present invention.

[0012] In Figure 2: 1. Existing slope; 2. Designed slope; 3. Slope anchor rods; 4. Anchor piles at the bottom of the slope; 5. Connecting steel bars; 6. Formwork; 7. Grouting body; 8. Base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are fully and clearly described below in combination with the specific embodiments and the drawings in the present invention.

[0014] Embodiment, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the present invention provides a method for supporting the slope of an open pit mine, and the method is applied to the support of the open pit slope of a domestic copper-molybdenum mine, the step height of the open pit slope is 24m, and the method comprises the following steps: S1. Pumice cleaning: Mechanical cleaning is used to clean the pumice and broken structural surfaces formed by local collapse of the slope in the open-pit mine slope area that needs support in the existing slope 1, so as to provide a solid and firm tensile force surface for the subsequent S3 slope hole arrangement, S4 hole reinforcement arrangement, S5 hole grouting, S9 steel bar connection and welding, S10 formwork, and S11 grouting operations.

[0015] S2, base cleaning: Use an excavator to clean up the gravel, sand and soil that have fallen due to local collapse of the slope at the bottom of the open-pit mine slope that needs to be supported, and clean out a flat and hard rock base 8, which provides a solid and firm support surface for the subsequent S6 base hole arrangement, S7 hole reinforcement arrangement, S8 hole grouting, S9 steel bar connection and welding, S10 formwork support, and S11 grouting operations; S3, Slope hole arrangement: The existing slope 1 cleared in S1 is drilled with a YT28 drilling rig, with a row spacing of 1.4×1.4m, which can be adjusted according to the lithology of the slope. The hole diameter is φ40mm, the hole depth is 5m, and the drilling angle is 15° downward from the horizontal line (±1°); S4, reinforcement in the hole: insert the slope anchor 3 into the hole arranged in S3, the anchor rod diameter is φ25mm, the rod length is 5.1m, and the anchor rod installation angle is 15° with the horizontal line; S5, grouting in the hole: inject mortar of M2.5 strength grade into the holes arranged in S3. The mortar is used immediately after mixing, and the grouting in the hole must be full. The grouting pipe is inserted to the bottom of the hole to start grouting. The grouting pressure is 0.3~0.5MPa. After the grouting is completed, the slope anchor rod 3 is immediately lowered into the grouting hole; The steps of S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16 and S17, S18 and S19, S20 and S21, S22 and S23, S24 and S25, S26 and S27, S28 and S29, S30 and S31, S32 and S33, S34 and S35, S36 and S37, S38 and S39, S40 and S41, S42 and S43, S44 and S45, S46 and S47, S48 and S49, S40 and S40, S41 and S40, S41 and S42, S43 and S44, S45 and S46, S47 and S48, S49 and S40, S40 and S41, S42 and S43 S6, basement hole arrangement: The basement 8 of the open pit slope cleared in S2 is drilled with a 138 drilling rig, with a drilling spacing of 1.4m, and a drilling row spacing determined according to the basement size, at least 1 row. The hole diameter is φ140mm, the hole depth is 2m, and the drilling angle is 90° with the horizontal line (±1°); S7, reinforcement in the hole: insert the slope bottom anchor pile 4 into the hole arranged in S6. The exposed anchor pile at the base needs to be bent at a certain angle and extended to the top row of anchor rods. The anchor pile rod diameter is φ70mm, the rod length is 2.2m, and the anchor pile installation angle is perpendicular to the horizontal line; S8, grouting in the hole: inject mortar of M2.5 strength grade into the holes arranged in S6. The mortar should be used immediately after mixing, and the grouting in the hole must be full. Insert the grouting pipe to the bottom of the hole and start grouting. The grouting pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa. After the grouting is completed, immediately lower the slope bottom anchor pile 4 into the grouting hole; S9, connecting steel bars and welding: connect the slope anchor rod 3 arranged in the S4 slope drilling hole with the slope anchor pile 4 arranged in the S7 base drilling hole by connecting steel bars 5 and welding. Make sure that each anchor rod is welded to the anchor pile through the connecting steel bars. The diameter of the connecting steel bar is φ25mm; Step S6: base hole arrangement, S7: reinforcement arrangement in the hole, S8: grouting in the hole, provides effective tensile stress for the grouting body 7. Step S3: slope hole arrangement, S4: reinforcement arrangement in the hole, S5: grouting in the hole cooperate with the slope anchor rod and the anchor pile at the bottom of the slope to form a whole through connecting the steel bars, further improving the support effect of the slope and preventing secondary collapse. Step S10: formwork support and S11: grouting cooperate with the collapsed area. At the same time, the slope anchor rod and the anchor pile at the bottom of the slope form a whole through connecting the steel bars and can form a mutually supporting structure with the grouting body at the repaired position, thereby completing the repair and support of the slope collapse. S10, formwork: formwork 6 is carried out in the area to be supported prepared in S1 to S9. When supporting the formwork, ensure that the angle of the formwork is consistent with the designed slope angle; S11. Grouting: Inject mortar with strength grade M2.5 into the formwork supported by S10. The mortar should be used immediately after mixing. The grouting inside the formwork 6 must be full. Insert the grouting pipe into the formwork and start grouting. The formwork can be tapped lightly during grouting to prevent the formation of cavities inside the formwork. The grouting body 7 will eventually solidify.

[0016] The embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for supporting slopes in an open pit, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Pumice cleaning: Use mechanical cleaning to clean the pumice on the slope of the open pit that needs support; S2. Base cleaning: Use an excavator to clean the sand and gravel at the bottom of the open pit slope that needs support to create a flat, hard rock base; S3. Slope drilling: The open pit slope cleared in S1 is drilled with a YT28 drilling rig, with a hole diameter of φ40mm, a hole depth of 5m, and a drilling angle of 15° downward from the horizontal line (±1°); S4. Reinforcement in the hole: insert anchor rods into the holes laid in S3. The diameter of the anchor rods is φ25mm, the length is 5.1m, and the installation angle of the anchor rods is 15° with the horizontal line; S5. Grouting in the hole: inject mortar of strength grade M2.5 into the holes arranged in S3 respectively. The mortar is used immediately after mixing. The grouting in the hole must be full. Insert the grouting pipe to the bottom of the hole and start grouting. The grouting pressure is 0.3-0.5MPa. After the grouting is completed, the anchor rod is immediately lowered into the grouting hole; S6. Basement hole arrangement: The basement of the open pit slope cleared in S2 is drilled with a 138 drilling rig, with a hole diameter of φ140mm, a hole depth of 2m, and a perforation angle of 90° with the horizontal line (±1°); S7. Reinforcement in the hole: insert anchor piles into the holes arranged in S6. The diameter of the anchor pile rod is φ70mm and the length is 2.2m. The installation angle of the anchor pile is perpendicular to the horizontal line. S8. Grouting in the hole: inject mortar of strength grade M2.5 into the holes arranged in S6 respectively. The mortar is used as it is mixed. The grouting in the hole must be full. The grouting pipe is inserted to the bottom of the hole to start grouting. The grouting pressure is 0.3~0.5MPa. After the grouting is completed, the anchor pile is immediately lowered into the grouting hole; S9. Connecting steel bars and welding: Connect the anchor rods arranged in the S4 slope boreholes and the anchor piles arranged in the S7 base boreholes by connecting steel bars and welding. The diameter of the connecting steel bars is φ25mm. S10. Formwork: Form the area that needs to be supported prepared in S1 to S9. When supporting the formwork, ensure that the angle of the formwork is consistent with the designed slope angle; S11. Grouting: Inject M2.5 strength grade mortar into the S10 formwork. The mortar should be used immediately after mixing. The grouting in the formwork must be full. Insert the grouting pipe into the formwork and start grouting. Gently tap the formwork during grouting to prevent the formation of cavities inside the formwork.

2. The method for supporting the slope of an open pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the holes are arranged on the slope in S3, the perforation angle is 15° downward from the horizontal line (±1°).

3. The method for supporting the slope of an open pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the S6 substrate is perforated, the perforation angle is 90° (± 1°) with the horizontal line, and the drilling row spacing is determined according to the size of the substrate, at least one row.

4. The method for supporting the slope of an open pit according to claim 1, characterized in that In the reinforcement arrangement in the S7 hole, the anchor piles exposed from the base need to be bent at a certain angle and extended to the top row of anchor rods.

5. The method for supporting the slope of an open pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S9 connecting steel bars and welding, it is necessary to ensure that each anchor rod is welded to the anchor pile through the connecting steel bars.

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