Single pile bearing capacity detection device and usage method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of single pile detection, and proposes a single pile bearing capacity detection device and a method for using the device, comprising a pile to be detected, and an infrared rangefinder and an inclination monitor arranged on the pile to be detected, wherein two pre-buried piles are fixed on both sides of the pile to be detected through a pile foundation, and the two pre-buried piles and the pile to be detected are distributed in a straight line; in the present invention, the heights of both ends of a reaction beam are adjusted by support mechanisms on the two pre-buried piles, so that the reaction beam is in a horizontal posture, and a jacking mechanism applies a thrust to the reaction beam through a loading mechanism; since the reaction beam is constrained by the suspension mechanisms at both ends, the reaction beam, the loading mechanism and the jacking mechanism generate a vertical reaction force on the pile to be detected, so that the pile to be detected generates a downward displacement, and the displacement is recorded by the infrared rangefinder. Compared with the prior art, the present invention is simple to operate and can ensure that the force on the reaction beam is balanced before loading, thereby solving the problem of complex structure and high operation difficulty in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of single pile detection, and in particular to a single pile bearing capacity detection device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The single pile vertical compressive static load test refers to the vertical load being uniformly transferred to the building pile foundation. By measuring the settlement of the pile top under different load levels, the QS curve and auxiliary curves such as s-lgt of the static load test are obtained. The curves are then used to deduce parameters such as the characteristic value of the vertical compressive bearing capacity of the single pile.

[0003] The existing single pile vertical compressive static load test process has the problem that the test area occupies too large an area, occupying other pile foundation points; and the test cycle is too long, requiring 15 hours for testing, more than 48 hours for transporting materials, 6-9 hours for pile replacement, and 3 days for testing a single pile.

[0004] After searching, I found Solution 1, which has the announcement number CN217105249U and discloses a detection device for static load testing using the anchor pile method, including a test pile, a force-applying assembly, an auxiliary beam, a clamp assembly, a connection assembly, and an anchor pile assembly. The auxiliary beam is detachably connected to the anchor pile assembly via the clamp assembly and the connection assembly, allowing the anchor pile assembly to be quickly connected to the auxiliary beam, thereby facilitating installation and improving installation efficiency. Furthermore, the first mounting plate is connected to the second steel plate, the second mounting plate is connected to the threaded rod, and both the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are connected to the anchor bar, allowing the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate to decompose the upward pull force and the reaction force generated by the anchor pile, thereby enhancing the bearing capacity of the connection assembly and further improving the stability of the detection device.

[0005] After searching, the second option was found, with the announcement number CN221095231U. An anchor pile reaction frame with its own safety detection system includes: an anchor pile reaction frame body and a safety detection system; the safety detection system includes: a strain gauge and an inclination sensor; a strain gauge is installed on the anchor pile steel bar of each anchor pile of the anchor pile reaction frame body to monitor the strain of the anchor pile steel bar in real time during the test; the inclination sensor is installed at the center of each anchor plate of the anchor pile reaction frame body to monitor the inclination of the anchor plate in real time during the test. The device can monitor the stress state of the anchor pile steel bar and the inclination of the reaction frame in real time when the anchor pile method static load test is carried out using the anchor pile reaction frame, thereby ensuring the safety of the anchor pile method static load test.

[0006] The above-mentioned solution 1 adopts a laminated preloading support frame + preloading monitoring system, which simplifies the prefabricated materials and increases the anchor design compared to the traditional pile loading preloading method. However, the structure is too complicated and difficult to manufacture, which is not enough to save manpower and detection time; the above-mentioned solution 2 adopts a portal reaction support frame + preloading monitoring system, which simplifies the prefabricated materials, greatly optimizes the structure, is simple to manufacture, and greatly saves manpower and detection compared to the traditional pile loading preloading method. However, the reaction force exerted by the above-mentioned anchor pile reaction frame remains unchanged, and it cannot simulate the bearing capacity of a single pile under inclination in different directions, which in turn affects the detection of the bearing capacity of a single pile. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a single pile bearing capacity detection device and a method for use, which solves the problems in the prior art of complex structure, high difficulty in operation and inability to simulate the bearing capacity of a single pile tilted in different directions.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a single pile bearing capacity detection device includes a pile to be tested, and an infrared rangefinder and an inclination monitor arranged on the pile to be tested, two pre-buried piles are fixed on both sides of the pile to be tested through a pile foundation, and the two pre-buried piles are arranged in a straight line with the pile to be tested, a reaction beam is suspended above the pile to be tested and the two pre-buried piles, a suspension mechanism for clamping both ends of the reaction beam is provided on the two pre-buried piles, a support mechanism for supporting and adjusting the horizontality of the reaction beam is provided on the suspension mechanism, a jacking mechanism for applying thrust to the reaction beam is provided on the pile to be tested, and a loading mechanism for generating a reaction force on the pile to be tested through the jacking mechanism is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the reaction beam;

[0009] The loading mechanism includes a fixing part fixed on the reaction beam, a locking part is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the fixing part, the locking part is elastically connected to the fixing part through a spring, the locking part can rotate relative to the fixing part and be locked with the fixing part under the elastic force of the spring, a swivel is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the locking part, the locking part can slide vertically relative to the swivel, a second guide rail is fixed to the bottom of the swivel, and the bottom of the second guide rail is provided with a diagonal support member that contacts the jacking mechanism and an adjusting member for adjusting the direction of the force of the diagonal support member on the jacking mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the reaction beam comprises two I-beams that are close to each other and welded together, and a pair of baffles are fixed to the tops of both ends of the two I-beams.

[0011] Preferably, the suspension mechanism includes a fixing plate, which is fixed to the embedded pile by bolts, and has hanging holes at the four corners of the fixing plate, and a hook is hung in each hanging hole, and the hooks on the fixing plate are clamped to the outside of the reaction beam in pairs through steel cables, and the two steel cables are located between the two baffles at the end of the reaction beam.

[0012] Preferably, the supporting mechanism includes a first guide rail, which is fixed to a fixed plate, and a first slider is slidably connected to the inner side of the first guide rail, and first hinge seats are fixed on both sides of the top surface of the first slider, and a first movable plate is hingedly connected to the inner side of the first hinge seat, and second hinge seats are fixed on both sides of the top surface of the first guide rail, and a second movable plate is hingedly connected to the inner side of the second hinge seat, and the tops of the first movable plate and the second movable plate are hinged to each other, a first threaded rod passes through the inner side of the first slider, the first threaded rod is threadedly connected to the first slider, and the first threaded rod is rotatably connected to the first guide rail, and one end of the first threaded rod extends to the outside of the first guide rail and is fixed with a first handle.

[0013] Preferably, the jacking mechanism includes a holder, the bottom of which is sleeved on the outside of the top of the pile to be tested, and a hydraulic jack is fixedly embedded on the inner side of the top of the holder.

[0014] Preferably, the fixing member includes a clamping plate, which is slidably mounted on the bottom of the reaction beam and fixed to the reaction beam by bolts. An upper fixed plate is fixed to the bottom of the clamping plate, a cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the upper fixed plate, and a convex ring is fixed to the bottom of the cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the locking member includes a lower fixed plate, and the contact surfaces of the lower fixed plate and the upper fixed plate are both provided with a circle of annular tooth surfaces that can engage with each other. A ring is fixed to the bottom of the lower fixed plate, and the outer surface of the ring is provided with a plurality of annularly distributed convex strips, and the inner surface of the rotating ring is provided with a strip groove that slides with the convex strips. One end of the spring abuts against the lower fixed plate, and the other end of the spring abuts against the convex ring.

[0016] Preferably, the diagonal support member includes a second slider, the bottom of the second guide rail is provided with a sliding groove slidably connected to the second slider, the bottom of the second slider is hinged with a support rod, and the bottom of the support rod is hinged with a clamping sleeve mounted outside the hydraulic jack push rod.

[0017] Preferably, the adjusting member includes a second threaded rod, the second threaded rod passes through the second slider and is threadedly connected to the second slider, the second threaded rod is rotatably connected to the second guide rail, and one end of the second threaded rod extends outside the second guide rail and is fixed with a second handle.

[0018] Based on the above-mentioned single pile bearing capacity detection device, the present invention also proposes a method for using the detection device, including loading detection at a vertical angle and loading detection at an inclined angle;

[0019] The loading detection process at the vertical angle includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Adjust the height of both ends of the reaction beam through the support mechanisms on the two pre-buried piles so that the reaction beam is in a horizontal position;

[0021] Step 2: Fixing the two ends of the reaction beam in a horizontal position by means of the suspension mechanisms on the two pre-buried piles;

[0022] Step 3: The jacking mechanism applies thrust to the reaction beam through the loading mechanism. Since the reaction beam is constrained by the suspension mechanisms at both ends, the reaction beam, loading mechanism, and jacking mechanism generate a vertical reaction force on the pile to be tested, causing the pile to be displaced downward. The displacement is recorded by an infrared rangefinder.

[0023] The loading detection process under the tilt angle includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Adjust the height of both ends of the reaction beam through the support mechanisms on the two pre-buried piles so that the reaction beam is in a horizontal position;

[0025] Step 2: Fixing the two ends of the reaction beam in a horizontal position by means of the suspension mechanisms on the two pre-buried piles;

[0026] Step 3: Use the adjusting member to adjust the inclination angle of the force applied by the diagonal bracing member on the second guide rail, then press the locking member downward to overcome the elastic force of the spring, so that the locking member is separated from the fixing member, and freely rotate the locking member. The second guide rail drives the diagonal bracing member to adjust the inclination direction of the force applied by the diagonal bracing member. After the adjustment is completed, release the locking member, and the locking member is automatically locked to the fixing member under the elastic force of the spring;

[0027] Step 4: The jacking mechanism applies thrust to the reaction beam through the loading mechanism. Since the reaction beam is constrained by the suspension mechanisms at both ends, the reaction beam, loading mechanism and jacking mechanism generate an inclined reaction force on the pile to be tested, causing the pile to be displaced downward and deflected at a certain angle. The displacement is recorded by an infrared rangefinder, and the deflection angle is recorded by an inclinometer.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. In the present invention, the heights of both ends of the reaction beam are adjusted by the support mechanisms on the two pre-buried piles, so that the reaction beam is in a horizontal posture. The jacking mechanism applies a thrust to the reaction beam through the loading mechanism. Since the reaction beam is constrained by the suspension mechanisms at both ends, the reaction beam, the loading mechanism, and the jacking mechanism generate a vertical reaction force on the pile to be tested, causing the pile to be displaced downward. The displacement is recorded by an infrared rangefinder. Compared with the prior art, the present invention is simple to operate and can ensure that the force on the reaction beam is balanced before loading, thereby solving the problem of complex structure and difficult operation in the prior art.

[0030] 2. The present invention provides a loading mechanism capable of changing the inclination angle and direction of the loading force. When the jacking mechanism applies thrust to the reaction beam through the loading mechanism, the reaction beam is constrained by the suspension mechanisms at both ends. As a result, the reaction beam, the loading mechanism and the jacking mechanism generate an inclined reaction force on the pile to be tested, causing the pile to be displaced downward and deflected at a certain angle. The displacement is recorded by an infrared rangefinder, and the deflection angle is recorded by an inclinometer. This solves the problem in the prior art that it is impossible to simulate the bearing capacity of a single pile tilted in different directions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the single pile bearing capacity detection device proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the single pile bearing capacity detection device proposed by the present invention from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the single pile bearing capacity detection device proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the reaction beam proposed in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension mechanism structure proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism structure proposed by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the jacking mechanism proposed in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the loading mechanism structure proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the loading mechanism structure proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the loading mechanism proposed in the present invention;

[0042] In the figure: 1. Pile to be tested; 2. Embedded pile; 3. Reaction beam; 31. I-beam; 32. Baffle; 4. Support mechanism; 41. First guide rail; 42. First slider; 43. First hinge seat; 44. First movable plate; 45. Second hinge seat; 46. Second movable plate; 47. First threaded rod; 48. First handle; 5. Lifting mechanism; 51. Clamping seat; 52. Hydraulic jack; 6. Loading mechanism; 61. Fixing piece; 611. Clamping plate; 612. Upper fixing plate; 613. Annular tooth surface ; 614, cylinder; 615, convex ring; 62, locking member; 621, lower fixed plate; 622, collar; 623, convex strip; 63, swivel; 631, strip groove; 64, second guide rail; 641, slide groove; 65, diagonal support member; 651, second slider; 652, support rod; 653, sleeve; 66, adjusting member; 661, second threaded rod; 662, second handle; 67, spring; 7, suspension mechanism; 71, fixing plate; 72, hanging hole; 73, hook; 74, steel cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a single pile bearing capacity detection device, comprising a pile to be tested 1, and an infrared rangefinder and an inclination monitor (not shown in the figure) arranged on the pile to be tested 1, the infrared rangefinder and the inclination monitor respectively used to detect the displacement and inclination angle of the pile to be tested 1 during settlement, two pre-buried piles 2 are fixed on both sides of the pile to be tested 1 through a pile foundation, and the two pre-buried piles 2 are distributed in a straight line with the pile to be tested 1, a reaction beam 3 is suspended above the pile to be tested 1 and the two pre-buried piles 2, a hanging mechanism 7 for clamping both ends of the reaction beam 3 is provided on the two pre-buried piles 2, a supporting mechanism 4 for supporting and adjusting the horizontality of the reaction beam 3 is provided on the hanging mechanism 7, a jacking mechanism 5 for applying thrust to the reaction beam 3 is provided on the pile to be tested 1, and a loading mechanism 6 for generating a reaction force on the pile to be tested 1 through the jacking mechanism 5 is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the reaction beam 3.

[0045] See also Figure 4 The reaction beam 3 includes two I-beams 31 that are close to each other and welded together. A pair of baffles 32 are fixed to the tops of both ends of the two I-beams 31 to ensure the stability of the suspension mechanism 7.

[0046] See also Figure 5The suspension mechanism 7 includes a fixing plate 71, which is fixed to the embedded pile 2 by bolts. Hanging holes 72 are provided at the four corners of the fixing plate 71, and a hook 73 is hung in each hanging hole 72. The hooks 73 on the fixing plate 71 are hooped to the outside of the reaction beam 3 through steel cables 74, and the two steel cables 74 are located between the two baffles 32 at the end of the reaction beam 3.

[0047] See also Figure 6 The support mechanism 4 includes a first guide rail 41, which is fixed on the fixed plate 71. The inner side of the first guide rail 41 is slidably connected to the first slider 42. First hinge seats 43 are fixed on both sides of the top surface of the first slider 42. The inner side of the first hinge seat 43 is hinged with a first movable plate 44. Second hinge seats 45 are fixed on both sides of the top surface of the first guide rail 41. The inner side of the second hinge seat 45 is hinged with a second movable plate 46. The tops of the first movable plate 44 and the second movable plate 46 are hinged to each other. A first threaded rod 47 passes through the inner side of the first slider 42. The first threaded rod 47 is threadedly connected to the first slider 42. The first threaded rod 47 is rotatably connected to the first guide rail 41. One end of the first threaded rod 47 extends to the outside of the first guide rail 41 and is fixed with a first handle 48.

[0048] See also Figure 7 The jacking mechanism 5 includes a base 51 , the bottom of the base 51 is sleeved on the outside of the top of the pile to be tested 1 , and a hydraulic jack 52 is fixedly embedded on the inner side of the top of the base 51 .

[0049] See also Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 The loading mechanism 6 includes a fixing member 61 fixed to the reaction beam 3, a locking member 62 is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the fixing member 61, and the locking member 62 is elastically connected to the fixing member 61 through a spring 67. The locking member 62 can rotate relative to the fixing member 61 and is locked with the fixing member 61 under the elastic force of the spring 67. A swivel 63 is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the locking member 62. The locking member 62 can slide vertically relative to the swivel 63. The bottom of the swivel 63 is fixed with a second guide rail 6 4. The bottom of the second guide rail 64 is provided with a diagonal support member 65 that contacts the jacking mechanism 5 and an adjusting member 66 for adjusting the direction of the force applied by the diagonal support member 65 to the jacking mechanism 5. The fixing member 61 includes a clamping plate 611, which is slidably mounted on the bottom of the reaction beam 3 and fixed to the reaction beam 3 by bolts. The bottom of the clamping plate 611 is fixed with an upper fixing plate 612, the bottom of the upper fixing plate 612 is fixed with a cylinder 614, and the bottom of the cylinder 614 is fixed with a convex ring 615.

[0050] The locking member 62 includes a lower fixed plate 621, and the contact surfaces of the lower fixed plate 621 and the upper fixed plate 612 are both provided with a circle of annular tooth surfaces 613 that can bite each other. A ring 622 is fixed to the bottom of the lower fixed plate 621, and the outer surface of the ring 622 is provided with a number of annularly distributed convex strips 623. The inner surface of the rotating ring 63 is provided with a strip groove 631 that slides with the convex strips 623. One end of the spring 67 abuts against the lower fixed plate 621, and the other end of the spring 67 abuts against the convex ring 615. The diagonal support member 65 includes a second slider 651. The bottom of the second guide rail 64 is provided with a sliding groove 641 that is slidably connected to the second slider 651. A support rod 652 is hinged at the bottom, and a sleeve 653 is hinged at the bottom of the support rod 652 and is sleeved on the outside of the push rod of the hydraulic jack 52. When the support rod 652 is converted from a vertical position to an inclined position, the lower fixed plate 621 can be pressed downward by overcoming the elastic force of the spring 67. Under the sliding guidance of the protrusion 623 and the strip groove 631, the lower fixed plate 621 can be disengaged from the annular tooth surface 613 of the upper fixed plate 612, and then the lower fixed plate 621 can be freely rotated. The ring 622 drives the swivel 63, and the swivel 63 drives the second guide rail 64 and the support rod 652 below the second guide rail 64 to rotate to a certain angle to adjust the tilt direction of the force applied by the support rod 652.

[0051] The adjusting member 66 includes a second threaded rod 661, which passes through the second slider 651 and is threadedly connected to the second slider 651. The second threaded rod 661 is rotatably connected to the second guide rail 64. One end of the second threaded rod 661 extends outside the second guide rail 64 and is fixed with a second handle 662. By manually rotating the second handle 662, the second handle 662 drives the second threaded rod 661 to rotate. Through the threaded action of the second slider 651 and the second threaded rod 661, and at the same time under the sliding limit of the slide groove 641 on the second slider 651, the second slider 651 can slide horizontally in the second guide rail 64, so that the second slider 651 moves from the middle of the second guide rail 64 to one side, thereby converting the support rod 652 from a vertical position to an inclined position.

[0052] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a method for using the detection device, including loading detection at a vertical angle and loading detection at an inclined angle;

[0053] The vertical loading test process includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Adjust the height of both ends of the reaction beam 3 through the support mechanisms 4 on the two embedded piles 2 so that the reaction beam 3 is in a horizontal position;

[0055] Step 2: Fix the two ends of the reaction beam 3 in a horizontal position by using the suspension mechanism 7 on the two embedded piles 2;

[0056] Step 3: The jacking mechanism 5 applies a thrust to the reaction beam 3 through the loading mechanism 6. Since the reaction beam 3 is constrained by the suspension mechanisms 7 at both ends, the reaction beam 3, the loading mechanism 6 and the jacking mechanism 5 generate a vertical reaction force on the pile 1 to be tested, causing the pile 1 to be displaced downward. The displacement is recorded by the infrared rangefinder. Figure 3 As shown, the support rod 652 of the loading mechanism 6 is in a vertical posture, and when the hydraulic jack 52 works to generate thrust, the loading mechanism 6 and the jacking mechanism 5 can generate a vertical downward reaction force on the pile 1 to be tested;

[0057] The process of testing the load at an inclined angle includes the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Adjust the height of both ends of the reaction beam 3 through the support mechanisms 4 on the two embedded piles 2 so that the reaction beam 3 is in a horizontal position;

[0059] Step 2: Fix the two ends of the reaction beam 3 in a horizontal position by using the suspension mechanism 7 on the two embedded piles 2;

[0060] The third step is to adjust the inclination angle of the force applied by the diagonal support member 65 on the second guide rail 64 through the adjusting member 66, and then press the locking member 62 downward by overcoming the elastic force of the spring 67, so that the locking member 62 is disengaged from the fixing member 61, and the locking member 62 is freely rotated. The diagonal support member 65 is driven by the second guide rail 64 to adjust the inclination direction of the force applied by the diagonal support member 65. After the adjustment is completed, the locking member 62 is released, and the locking member 62 is automatically locked to the fixing member 61 under the elastic force of the spring 67. The specific process is as follows: by manually rotating the second handle 662, the second handle 662 drives the second threaded rod 661 to rotate, and through the threaded action of the second slider 651 and the second threaded rod 661, at the same time, under the sliding limit of the second slider 651 by the slide groove 641, the second slider 651 can be moved to the first position. The second guide rail 64 slides horizontally, causing the second slider 651 to move to one side from the middle of the second guide rail 64, thereby converting the support rod 652 from a vertical position to an inclined position. Then, by overcoming the elastic force of the spring 67, the lower fixed plate 621 is pressed downward, and under the sliding guidance of the protruding strip 623 and the strip groove 631, the lower fixed plate 621 can be separated from the annular tooth surface 613 of the upper fixed plate 612, so that the lower fixed plate 621 can be freely rotated. The ring 622 drives the rotating ring 63, and the rotating ring 63 drives the second guide rail 64 and the support rod 652 below the second guide rail 64 to rotate to a certain angle to adjust the tilt direction of the force applied by the support rod 652. After the adjustment is completed, the lower fixed plate 621 is released, and the lower fixed plate 621 is automatically locked to the upper fixed plate 612 under the elastic force of the spring 67;

[0061] In step four, the jacking mechanism 5 applies a thrust to the reaction beam 3 through the loading mechanism 6. Since the reaction beam 3 is constrained by the suspension mechanisms 7 at both ends, the reaction beam 3, the loading mechanism 6 and the jacking mechanism 5 generate an inclined reaction force on the pile to be tested 1, causing the pile to be tested to produce a downward displacement and a certain deflection angle. The displacement is recorded by an infrared rangefinder, and the deflection angle is recorded by an inclinometer.

[0062] The specific operation process in step 1 of the loading test at a vertical angle and the loading test at an inclined angle is: by manually rotating the first handle 48, the first handle 48 drives the first threaded rod 47 to rotate, through the threaded action of the first threaded rod 47 and the first slider 42, and at the same time under the sliding limit of the first guide rail 41 on the first slider 42, the first slider 42 can slide horizontally in the first guide rail 41, and then the second movable plate 46 is pushed and pulled by the first movable plate 44 to adjust the support height of the second movable plate 46 on the two ends of the reaction beam 3, so that the two ends of the reaction beam 3 are kept in a horizontal posture, thereby ensuring that the force at both ends of the reaction beam 3 is balanced.

[0063] The specific operation process in step 2 of the loading test at a vertical angle and the loading test at an inclined angle is: two steel cables 74 are respectively passed around the reaction beam 3 between the two baffles 32, and the two ends of the steel cables 74 are fixed to the hanging holes 72 of the fixing plate 71 through hooks 73, and then the two ends of the reaction beam 3 are fixed by hooping.

[0064] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single pile bearing capacity detection device, comprising a pile to be tested (1), and an infrared rangefinder and an inclination monitor arranged on the pile to be tested (1), characterized in that: Two embedded piles (2) are fixed on both sides of the pile to be tested (1) through a pile foundation, and the two embedded piles (2) and the pile to be tested (1) are distributed in a straight line. A reaction beam (3) is suspended above the pile to be tested (1) and the two embedded piles (2). A hanging mechanism (7) for clamping the two ends of the reaction beam (3) is provided on the two embedded piles (2). The hanging mechanism (7) includes a fixing plate (71). The fixing plate (71) is fixed to the embedded pile (2) by bolts. Hanging holes (72) are opened at the four corners of the fixing plate (71), and a hook (73) is hung in each hanging hole (72). The hooks (73) on the fixing plate (71) are clamped to the outside of the reaction beam (3) in pairs through steel cables (74). The suspension mechanism (7) is provided with a support mechanism (4) for supporting and adjusting the horizontality of the reaction beam (3), and the support mechanism (4) includes a first guide rail (41), the first guide rail (41) is fixed on the fixed plate (71), the inner side of the first guide rail (41) is slidably connected to a first slider (42), the top surface of the first slider (42) is fixed with a first hinge seat (43) on both sides, the inner side of the first hinge seat (43) is hinged with a first movable plate (44), the top surface of the first guide rail (41) is fixed with a first hinge seat (43) on both sides. A second hinge seat (45), the inner side of the second hinge seat (45) is hinged with a second movable plate (46), the tops of the first movable plate (44) and the second movable plate (46) are hinged to each other, a first threaded rod (47) passes through the inner side of the first slider (42), the first threaded rod (47) is threadedly connected to the first slider (42), the first threaded rod (47) is rotatably connected to the first guide rail (41), one end of the first threaded rod (47) extends to the outside of the first guide rail (41) and is fixed with a first handle (48); The pile to be tested (1) is provided with a jacking mechanism (5) for applying a thrust to the reaction beam (3); a loading mechanism (6) for generating a reaction force on the pile to be tested (1) through the jacking mechanism (5) is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the reaction beam (3); The loading mechanism (6) comprises: A fixing member (61) fixed to the reaction beam (3), the fixing member (61) comprising a clamping plate (611), the clamping plate (611) being slidably sleeved on the bottom of the reaction beam (3) and fixed to the reaction beam (3) via bolts, an upper fixing plate (612) being fixed to the bottom of the clamping plate (611), a cylinder (614) being fixed to the bottom of the upper fixing plate (612), and a convex ring (615) being fixed to the bottom of the cylinder (614); A locking member (62) is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the fixing member (61), and the locking member (62) is elastically connected to the fixing member (61) through a spring (67). The locking member (62) can rotate relative to the fixing member (61) and is locked with the fixing member (61) under the elastic force of the spring (67). The locking member (62) includes a lower fixing plate (621), and the contact surfaces of the lower fixing plate (621) and the upper fixing plate (612) are both provided with a circle of annular tooth surfaces (613) that can bite each other. A collar (622) is fixed to the bottom of the lower fixing plate (621), and the outer surface of the collar (622) is provided with a plurality of annularly distributed convex strips (623); A rotating ring (63) is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the locking member (62), and a strip groove (631) is provided on the inner surface of the rotating ring (63) for sliding cooperation with the convex strip (623). One end of the spring (67) abuts against the lower fixed plate (621), and the other end of the spring (67) abuts against the convex ring (615). The locking member (62) can slide vertically relative to the rotating ring (63). A second guide rail (64) is fixed to the bottom of the rotating ring (63). The second guide rail (64) The bottom of the guide rail (64) is provided with an oblique support member (65) that contacts the lifting mechanism (5) and an adjusting member (66) for adjusting the direction of the force exerted by the oblique support member (65) on the lifting mechanism (5), the oblique support member (65) includes a second slider (651), the bottom of the second guide rail (64) is provided with a sliding groove (641) that is slidably connected to the second slider (651), the bottom of the second slider (651) is hinged with a support rod (652), and the bottom of the support rod (652) is hinged with a sleeve (653); The adjusting member (66) includes a second threaded rod (661), the second threaded rod (661) passes through the second slider (651) and is threadedly connected to the second slider (651), the second threaded rod (661) is rotatably connected to the second guide rail (64), and one end of the second threaded rod (661) extends outside the second guide rail (64) and is fixed with a second handle (662).

2. The single pile bearing capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction beam (3) comprises two I-beams (31) that are close to each other and welded together, a pair of baffles (32) are fixed at the tops of both ends of the two I-beams (31), and the steel cable (74) is located between the two baffles (32) at the ends of the reaction beam (3).

3. The single pile bearing capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jacking mechanism (5) comprises a clamping seat (51), the bottom of the clamping seat (51) is sleeved on the outside of the top of the pile to be tested (1), a hydraulic jack (52) is fixedly embedded on the inside of the top of the clamping seat (51), and the clamping sleeve (653) is sleeved on the outside of the push rod of the hydraulic jack (52).

4. A method for using a detection device, the single pile bearing capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Including loading detection at vertical angles and loading detection at inclined angles; The loading detection process at the vertical angle includes the following steps: Step 1: Adjust the heights of both ends of the reaction beam (3) through the support mechanisms (4) on the two pre-buried piles (2) so that the reaction beam (3) is in a horizontal position; Step 2: fixing the two ends of the reaction beam (3) in a horizontal position by means of the suspension mechanism (7) on the two pre-buried piles (2); Step 3: The jacking mechanism (5) applies a thrust to the reaction beam (3) through the loading mechanism (6). Since the reaction beam (3) is constrained by the suspension mechanisms (7) at both ends, the reaction beam (3), the loading mechanism (6) and the jacking mechanism (5) generate a vertical reaction force on the pile to be tested (1), causing the pile to be tested (1) to be displaced downward, and the displacement is recorded by an infrared rangefinder; The loading detection process under the tilt angle includes the following steps: Step 1: Adjust the heights of both ends of the reaction beam (3) through the support mechanisms (4) on the two pre-buried piles (2) so that the reaction beam (3) is in a horizontal position; Step 2: fixing the two ends of the reaction beam (3) in a horizontal position by means of the suspension mechanism (7) on the two pre-buried piles (2); Step 3: Adjust the tilt angle of the force applied by the diagonal support member (65) on the second guide rail (64) through the adjusting member (66), and then press the locking member (62) downward by overcoming the elastic force of the spring (67) to separate the locking member (62) from the fixing member (61), and freely rotate the locking member (62). The diagonal support member (65) is driven by the second guide rail (64) to adjust the tilt direction of the force applied by the diagonal support member (65). After the adjustment is completed, release the locking member (62), and the locking member (62) is automatically locked to the fixing member (61) under the elastic force of the spring (67); Step 4: The jacking mechanism (5) applies a thrust to the reaction beam (3) through the loading mechanism (6). Since the reaction beam (3) is constrained by the suspension mechanisms (7) at both ends, the reaction beam (3), the loading mechanism (6) and the jacking mechanism (5) generate an inclined reaction force on the pile to be tested (1), causing the pile to be tested (1) to generate a downward displacement and a certain deflection angle. The displacement is recorded by an infrared rangefinder, and the deflection angle is recorded by an inclinometer.

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