Hydraulic assembly of shock absorber upper support, shock absorber upper support and its mounting structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydraulic assembly of a hydraulic shock absorber upper support, a shock absorber upper support and a mounting structure thereof, comprising an inner frame and an upper liquid chamber and a lower liquid chamber coaxially arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle portion of the inner frame; a liquid inlet channel connected to the upper liquid chamber and having a blocked liquid inlet, and a connecting channel connected to the upper liquid chamber and the lower liquid chamber are provided in the inner frame; the liquid inlet channel, the upper liquid chamber, the connecting channel and the lower liquid chamber form a closed space capable of elastic deformation, and the closed space is filled with damping fluid. The hydraulic assembly of the shock absorber upper support designed by the present invention can effectively improve the performance and reliability of the shock absorber upper support through a unique structural design and the effect of the damping fluid, has good damping performance, is not easy to age, has high strength and good wear resistance, and the hydraulic vibration reduction based on the damping fluid is not sensitive to temperature. The shock absorber upper support and its mounting structure designed based on the hydraulic assembly provide a more comfortable and stable driving experience for the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle body parts, and in particular to a hydraulic assembly of a hydraulic shock absorber upper support, a shock absorber upper support and a mounting structure thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the upper support structure of a shock absorber consists of an inner frame, a rubber main spring wrapped around the edge of the inner frame, and an outer frame fixed to the outer surface of the rubber main spring. The inner frame, rubber main spring, and outer frame are vulcanized into an integral structure. This traditional shock absorber upper support structure is simple and low-cost, and can provide the required rigidity and damping requirements of the shock absorber.

[0003] However, the existing upper support of the shock absorber has the following disadvantages:

[0004] 1. Limited damping performance: The damping coefficient of rubber main springs is low, typically only 0.1 to 0.2, providing a very limited damping effect. This means that during the vibration reduction process, the vibration attenuation capability is relatively weak, and vibration energy cannot be quickly and effectively eliminated. This can cause the vehicle to experience more residual vibration and bumps during driving, affecting driving comfort and stability.

[0005] 2. Susceptibility to aging: Rubber materials are susceptible to environmental factors and aging. For example, long-term exposure to air can cause corrosion from oxygen and ozone. High temperatures accelerate the aging process, and cold climates can cause them to become brittle. Furthermore, heat generated by driving, road salt, and chemicals can also damage rubber main springs, gradually reducing their performance and shortening their service life.

[0006] 3. Insufficient strength and wear resistance: Rubber main springs have relatively low strength and are prone to wear, deformation, and even cracking when subjected to high pressure and friction over a long period of time. This is especially true in harsh road conditions, such as those with many potholes or when driving with frequent sudden acceleration and braking. These conditions can put greater pressure on the rubber main springs, causing them to wear faster and affecting the proper functioning of the shock absorber's upper support.

[0007] 4. Temperature Sensitivity: The performance of rubber main springs can significantly change with temperature. At high temperatures, the elastic modulus of the rubber main spring decreases, resulting in a decrease in stiffness and insufficient support, thus affecting the vibration damping effect. At low temperatures, the rubber main spring hardens and loses its elasticity, weakening the shock absorber's cushioning effect and increasing vibration and impact during driving.

[0008] 5. Impact on handling performance: The high elasticity of rubber main springs can slow the suspension system's response while the vehicle is in motion, affecting the vehicle's handling performance. For example, at high speeds, the vehicle's steering and braking responses may become less responsive, reducing driving safety and control accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a hydraulic assembly, a shock absorber upper support and its mounting structure for a hydraulic shock absorber upper support which has good damping performance, is not easy to age, has good strength and wear resistance, is insensitive to temperature, has excellent handling performance, can effectively attenuate the vibration transmitted from the tire to the vehicle body and improve driving comfort.

[0010] To achieve this purpose, the hydraulic assembly supported on the shock absorber designed in the present invention includes an inner skeleton and an upper liquid chamber and a lower liquid chamber coaxially arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle part of the inner skeleton; the inner skeleton is provided with a liquid inlet channel connected to the upper liquid chamber and with a blocked liquid inlet, as well as a connecting channel connected to the upper liquid chamber and the lower liquid chamber. The liquid inlet channel, the upper liquid chamber, the connecting channel and the lower liquid chamber form a closed space that can undergo elastic deformation, and the closed space is filled with damping fluid.

[0011] In the hydraulic assembly structure described above, the endoskeleton serves as the core support structure for the entire hydraulic assembly, providing a foundation for the installation and fixing of other components. It is typically made of high-strength metal, possessing sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the various stresses generated during vehicle operation. The design of the endoskeleton must take into account precise fit with other components and ease of installation to ensure the stability and reliability of the entire hydraulic assembly. The upper and lower fluid chambers are coaxially located at the upper and lower sides of the center of the endoskeleton, respectively. They serve as the primary storage spaces for the damping fluid in the hydraulic assembly and are interconnected by connecting flow channels. The shape and size of the fluid chambers affect the flow characteristics of the damping fluid and its vibration damping effect. Generally speaking, larger fluid chambers can hold more damping fluid, providing greater vibration damping capacity, but also increase the volume and weight of the entire hydraulic assembly. The walls of the fluid chambers are typically made of corrosion-resistant, high-strength materials to ensure that the damping fluid does not leak or become contaminated during long-term use. A fluid inlet channel is provided within the endoskeleton, connecting to the upper fluid chamber, and its inlet is sealed. The inlet channel is used to inject damping fluid into the upper fluid chamber during hydraulic assembly. Once injection is complete, the inlet is sealed to prevent leakage. The connecting channel, also located within the endocastor, connects the upper and lower fluid chambers, allowing damping fluid to flow between them. The design of the connecting channel must consider the flow and pressure requirements of the damping fluid to ensure proper function of the hydraulic assembly. The size, shape, and layout of the inlet and connecting channels affect the flow rate and resistance of the damping fluid, thereby affecting the performance of the shock absorber's upper support. The inlet channel, upper fluid chamber, connecting channel, and lower fluid chamber together form an enclosed space that is elastically deformable. The sealing of this enclosed space is crucial, ensuring that the damping fluid does not leak during operation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the shock absorber's upper support. The elastic deformation characteristics of this enclosed space are determined by the material properties of the endocastor, fluid chamber walls, and connecting channel. During vehicle operation, when the upper support of a shock absorber is subjected to vibration and impact from the road, the enclosed space deforms accordingly, causing the damping fluid to flow between the fluid chambers, generating a damping force and achieving vibration reduction. The damping fluid is the core working medium of the hydraulic assembly. It fills the enclosed space and dissipates vibration and impact energy through flow and deformation. The properties of the damping fluid directly impact the vibration reduction effectiveness and performance stability of the upper support of the shock absorber. Damping fluids typically have high viscosity and excellent fluidity, enabling rapid flow between the fluid chambers to generate sufficient damping force. Furthermore, the damping fluid must exhibit excellent chemical stability and high and low temperature resistance to ensure proper operation in a variety of harsh operating environments. Different types of damping fluids have different performance characteristics, and the choice can be tailored to the specific needs of the vehicle and its intended use. For example, some high-performance damping fluids offer enhanced vibration reduction and improved handling, but they also come at a relatively high price.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner skeleton includes an inner skeleton main shaft and an inner skeleton ring coaxially fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the middle part of the inner skeleton main shaft; the inner skeleton main shaft coaxially passes through the upper liquid chamber and the lower liquid chamber, the upper liquid chamber is located above the inner skeleton ring, and the lower liquid chamber is located below the inner skeleton ring.

[0013] The endoskeleton main shaft is the core component of the entire endoskeleton, providing primary support and connection. It is typically made of high-strength metal, possessing sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the various forces and pressures experienced during vehicle operation. The endoskeleton main shaft is generally cylindrical, with its diameter and length determined by the specific design requirements of the shock absorber's upper support. Its surface is typically precision-machined to ensure precise fit with other components and stable installation. The endoskeleton main shaft coaxially passes through the upper and lower fluid chambers, providing a foundation for positioning and securing the chambers. It also provides space for connecting flow channels, allowing the damping fluid to flow smoothly between the chambers. The endoskeleton ring is coaxially fixed to the central circumferential surface of the endoskeleton main shaft and, together with the endoskeleton main shaft, forms the main structure of the endoskeleton. The endoskeleton ring primarily separates the upper and lower fluid chambers and provides support for sealing and securing the chambers. The diameter of the endoskeleton ring typically matches that of the endoskeleton main shaft to ensure a secure and reliable connection between the two. Its thickness and width are determined by the design requirements of the fluid chamber, ensuring sufficient strength and rigidity while minimizing the volume and weight of the entire hydraulic assembly. The endoskeleton ring is generally constructed of the same high-strength metal as the endoskeleton main shaft. During manufacturing, the endoskeleton ring is typically secured to the endoskeleton main shaft via welding, threading, or other reliable connection methods to prevent loosening or falling off during vehicle operation. The upper fluid chamber, located above the endoskeleton ring, is a crucial component of the hydraulic assembly, storing the damping fluid.

[0014] Furthermore, the circumferential edge of the inner skeleton ring is wrapped and connected to the main spring that can undergo elastic deformation, and the upper and lower sides of the main spring are respectively fixed with an upper skin bag and a lower skin bag that can undergo elastic deformation. The upper skin bag, the upper surface of the main spring and the middle upper surface of the inner skeleton form the upper liquid chamber, and the lower skin bag, the lower surface of the main spring and the middle lower surface of the inner skeleton form the lower liquid chamber.

[0015] The circumferential edge of the inner ring is wrapped around the elastically deformable main spring. This connection ensures a tight fit between the main spring and the inner ring, preventing relative displacement during operation. This wrapping connection can be achieved through various methods, such as vulcanization, bonding, or mechanical fastening. These connection methods must ensure sufficient connection strength and sealing between the main spring and the inner ring to prevent leakage of the damping fluid. The main spring is typically made of materials with excellent elasticity and wear resistance, such as rubber or polyurethane. Its elastic deformation properties provide cushioning and energy absorption when subjected to vibration and impact on the shock absorber support. Both the upper and lower bladders are elastically deformable and are located on the upper and lower sides of the main spring, respectively. During operation, the bladders deform in response to the deformation of the main spring, maintaining the sealing of the upper and lower fluid chambers. The bladders are typically made of rubber or other synthetic materials with excellent elasticity, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. These materials maintain stable performance over long-term use, ensuring the reliability of the hydraulic assembly. The upper bladder, the upper surface of the main spring, and the upper middle surface of the endoframe form the upper fluid chamber. The lower bladder, the lower surface of the main spring and the lower middle surface of the endoframe form the lower fluid chamber. This structural design ensures a tight seal in the fluid chamber, effectively storing the damping fluid. The connections between the bladder, the main spring, and the endoframe must be tightly fitted to prevent leakage of the damping fluid. Furthermore, the elastic deformation properties of the bladders buffer and regulate pressure fluctuations within the fluid chambers. When the shock absorber's upper support is subjected to vibration and impact, the main spring, upper bladder, and lower bladders elastically deform, changing the volume and internal pressure of the fluid chambers. This elastic deformation adjustment allows the damping fluid to flow between the chambers, generating appropriate damping force to adapt to varying vibration and impact conditions. The elastic deformation adjustment properties of the fluid chambers must match the overall performance requirements of the shock absorber's upper support to ensure optimal vibration damping under various operating conditions.

[0016] Furthermore, the liquid inlet channel is provided in the main shaft of the inner skeleton, and the connecting channel is provided in the circular ring of the inner skeleton.

[0017] The aforementioned fluid inlet channel is located within the endoskeleton main shaft. This design fully utilizes the internal space of the endoskeleton main shaft, making the entire hydraulic assembly more compact. The location of the fluid inlet channel should be determined based on ease of connection with the upper fluid chamber and operational feasibility during assembly. Typically, the fluid inlet channel is connected to the upper fluid chamber as directly as possible to ensure smooth injection of the damping fluid. The size and shape of the fluid inlet channel should be appropriately designed based on the damping fluid flow rate and injection speed. Generally, a larger fluid inlet channel speeds up injection, but may also increase the size and weight of the hydraulic assembly. The connecting channel is located within the endoskeleton ring. This design allows the connecting channel to be tightly connected to the upper and lower fluid chambers, ensuring smooth flow of the damping fluid between them. The endoskeleton ring, which separates the upper and lower fluid chambers, has a connecting channel within it, effectively reducing channel length and resistance, thereby improving the flow efficiency of the damping fluid. The connecting channel connects the upper and lower fluid chambers, allowing the damping fluid to flow between the two chambers, generating a damping force and achieving vibration reduction. The size, shape, and layout of the connecting flow channels affect the flow and pressure distribution of the damping fluid, thereby affecting the performance of the shock absorber's upper support. Properly designed connecting flow channels ensure smooth and uniform flow of the damping fluid between the chambers, improving the vibration reduction effect.

[0018] Furthermore, the connecting flow channel includes an arc-shaped flow channel arranged concentrically with the inner skeleton ring.

[0019] The connecting flow channel is arranged concentrically with the inner skeleton ring, a design that offers several advantages. First, the concentric arrangement makes the flow channel more spatially regular, which is beneficial for improving the structural compactness and stability of the hydraulic assembly. Second, the concentric arrangement ensures a more uniform connection between the flow channel and the upper and lower liquid chambers, thereby making the flow of the damping fluid between the liquid chambers smoother. The concentric arrangement also facilitates processing and assembly during the manufacturing process, reducing production difficulty and cost. At the same time, this layout also helps improve the sealing performance of the hydraulic assembly and reduce the risk of damping fluid leakage. The use of an arc-shaped flow channel design, on the one hand, can increase the length of the flow channel, thereby increasing the flow resistance of the damping fluid in the flow channel to a certain extent and improving the vibration reduction effect. On the other hand, the arc-shaped flow channel can make the flow of the damping fluid smoother and reduce pressure loss and energy loss in the flow channel. The radius of curvature of the arc-shaped flow channel needs to be reasonably selected according to the specific design requirements. A larger curvature radius can reduce local resistance in the flow channel, but may increase the volume and weight of the hydraulic assembly. A smaller curvature radius improves the compactness of the flow channel, but may result in poor damping fluid flow and increased pressure loss. The arc-shaped flow channel and concentric arrangement make the damping fluid flow between the fluid chambers more complex, increasing the damping force generation mechanism. This complex flow effectively dissipates vibration and impact energy, enhancing the damping performance of the shock absorber's upper support. Furthermore, by adjusting the size and shape of the connecting flow channel, the magnitude and characteristics of the damping force can be adjusted to meet the needs of different vehicles and driving conditions. A properly designed connecting flow channel can improve the response speed of the hydraulic assembly. The arc-shaped flow channel allows the damping fluid to flow more quickly, allowing the shock absorber's upper support to respond more quickly to vibration and impact. The concentric arrangement ensures a tighter connection between the flow channel and the fluid chamber, reducing delays in the damping fluid flow. Faster response speed improves vehicle stability and comfort, especially at high speeds and under complex road conditions, providing better protection for the vehicle and passengers. Concentric arrangement and arc-shaped flow channels can make the flow channels more evenly stressed, reducing the risk of fatigue damage and rupture during long-term use. In addition, reasonable flow channel design can also reduce pressure peaks and local stress concentration in the flow channels, improving the overall reliability and durability of the hydraulic assembly.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper skin bag and the lower skin bag each include a through hole in the middle corresponding to the main axis of the inner skeleton, an annular skin bag outer skin and a skin bag lining arranged inside the skin bag outer skin along the circumferential direction of the skin bag outer skin. The circumferential edge of the skin bag outer skin is clamped in the main spring, and the middle part of the skin bag outer skin is fixed on the main axis of the inner skeleton.

[0021] Both the upper and lower bladders have an annular outer skin with a central hole corresponding to the main axis of the endoskeleton. This hole allows the main axis of the endoskeleton to pass through the skin, ensuring the bladder is properly installed in the hydraulic assembly. The outer skin is typically made of a material with good elasticity and wear resistance, such as rubber. Its annular shape cooperates with the main spring and endoskeleton to form a sealed fluid chamber. The thickness and material of the outer skin should be selected according to specific application requirements to ensure it can withstand the pressure within the fluid chamber and external forces, while also having sufficient elasticity to adapt to the operational deformation of the hydraulic assembly. A bladder lining, located circumferentially within the outer skin, enhances the bladder's strength and stability. The bladder lining can be made of a variety of materials and structures, such as fiber-reinforced materials and metal mesh. The bladder lining prevents excessive deformation or rupture of the outer skin during operation, thereby improving the bladder's service life and reliability. It also helps maintain the bladder's shape and ensures the sealing of the fluid chamber. The circumferential edge of the outer skin of the bladder is snap-fitted into the main spring. This snap-fit ​​connection method can ensure that the connection between the bladder and the main spring is firm and reliable, and prevent separation or leakage during operation. The snap-fit ​​connection usually requires the design of a suitable snap-fit ​​structure, such as a groove, flange, etc., to ensure that the bladder can be tightly snapped into the main spring. The middle part of the outer skin of the bladder is fixed on the main shaft of the inner skeleton. This fixed connection method can ensure that the bladder will not be displaced relative to the main shaft of the inner skeleton during operation, ensuring the sealing and stability of the liquid chamber. Fixed connection can be achieved in a variety of ways, such as bolt connection, welding, bonding, etc. The specific connection method needs to be selected according to the material and structural characteristics of the bladder and the main shaft of the inner skeleton to ensure the strength and reliability of the connection.

[0022] Furthermore, a ring-shaped outer frame is fixedly connected to the circumferential edge of the main spring, and the outer frame can be clamped and fixed to the main spring, the upper skin bag and the lower skin bag by radial clamping.

[0023] The exoskeleton is an annular structure that matches the shape of the main spring. It is typically made of high-strength metal, providing sufficient rigidity and strength to withstand external clamping forces and internal pressure. Its size and shape are designed according to the specifications of the main spring, upper bladder, and lower bladder, ensuring a tight fit around the circumferential edges of the main spring. The exoskeleton secures the main spring to the upper and lower bladders through radial clamping. This securement prevents the main spring from shifting or loosening during operation, maintaining the structural stability of the hydraulic assembly. The exoskeleton enhances the structural strength of the entire shock absorber upper support, improving its resistance to impact and deformation. The radial clamping method is relatively simple and easy to operate. During installation, radial pressure is applied to the exoskeleton using a specific clamping tool or device to secure the main spring to the bladder. This installation method eliminates the need for complex mechanical connections or welding processes, saving installation time and cost. The radial clamping force can be adjusted according to actual needs. By adjusting the pressure of the clamping tool or using different clamping devices, the clamping force can be controlled to accommodate main springs and bladders of varying sizes and performance requirements. This adjustability allows for greater flexibility in shock absorber upper support design, tailored to the needs of different vehicles and driving conditions. The radial clamping method provides uniform clamping force, ensuring a secure and reliable connection between the main spring and bladder. During operation, this clamping method effectively prevents loosening or separation of the main spring and bladder, ensuring the sealing and stability of the hydraulic assembly. It also withstands certain vibrations and shocks, enhancing the reliability and durability of the shock absorber upper support. The clamping connection between the main spring and the upper and lower bladders ensures a tight seal within the fluid chamber, allowing the damping fluid to flow smoothly and generate effective damping force. The radial clamping of the exoskeleton helps maintain this seal, enhancing the shock absorber's damping effectiveness and reducing vibration and jolts during driving. The stable hydraulic assembly structure contributes to improved vehicle handling stability. The exoskeleton's securing function reduces deformation and displacement of the main spring and bladder, ensuring consistent shock absorber performance under varying driving conditions. This is crucial for improving the vehicle's steering precision, braking performance, and ride smoothness. The reliable clip-on fixing method and sturdy exoskeleton structure extend the service life of the shock absorber's upper supports. They can withstand long-term operating pressures and external environmental influences, reducing the frequency of repairs and replacements due to loose or damaged components and lowering operating costs.

[0024] Furthermore, a plurality of bosses of different heights are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the main spring at intervals along its circumferential direction.

[0025] The main spring is equipped with bosses on both its upper and lower surfaces, spaced apart along its circumference. This layout allows the bosses to provide support and cushioning at different locations on the main spring. The boss spacing can be optimally designed based on the main spring's dimensions and operating requirements, ensuring effective performance at all locations. The varying heights of the bosses are a key feature. This design allows bosses of varying heights to sequentially bear the load when the main spring is under pressure, achieving progressive deformation and cushioning. The varying heights of the bosses can be precisely adjusted based on the main spring's operating pressure and deformation requirements to provide optimized vibration damping performance. The bosses increase the main spring's local stiffness and strength, enhancing its ability to support external loads. When supporting the shock absorber, the bosses absorb pressure from the upper and lower bladders, as well as other components, preventing excessive deformation of the main spring. The bosses of varying heights can be optimally distributed based on the load conditions on the main spring, ensuring sufficient support at all locations and improving the stability of the entire hydraulic assembly. The presence of the bosses modifies the main spring's elastic properties, enabling it to more effectively absorb and dissipate energy when subjected to vibration and impact. Bosses of varying heights provide varying degrees of elastic deformation, enabling more precise vibration damping adjustments. The boss design allows the main spring to have varying stiffness and damping characteristics at different operating stages, adapting to varying driving conditions and road conditions, and improving the vehicle's vibration damping performance and ride comfort. The bosses on the main spring interact with the upper and lower bladders to influence the pressure distribution within the fluid chamber. As the main spring deforms, the bosses alter the volume and shape of the fluid chamber, thereby adjusting the damping fluid pressure within the chamber. By rationally designing the boss height and distribution, precise control of the fluid chamber pressure is achieved, improving the vibration damping performance and response speed of the hydraulic assembly. The enhanced support provided by the bosses reduces fatigue damage and deformation risks of the main spring, increasing the reliability and service life of the shock absorber's upper support. The stable main spring structure ensures the hydraulic assembly maintains optimal performance over long-term operation, reducing repair and replacement costs associated with main spring failure. Excellent vibration damping enhances vehicle handling stability and ride smoothness. The boss on the main spring effectively reduces vibration and bumps during driving, enabling better driver control and improving driving safety and comfort. Precisely adjusted fluid chamber pressure enables the shock absorber's upper support to respond more quickly and accurately to varying road and driving conditions, further optimizing vehicle handling.

[0026] Furthermore, a shock absorber upper support includes an upper support bracket, a plurality of bolt positioning holes are opened on the upper support bracket, a bolt is coaxially fixed in each bolt positioning hole, a hydraulic assembly mounting groove with an open top is coaxially provided on the upper part of the upper support bracket, the hydraulic assembly of the shock absorber upper support is coaxially provided in the hydraulic assembly mounting groove, a bracket end cover is coaxially fixed to the top of the hydraulic assembly mounting groove, and the bracket end cover presses and fixes the hydraulic assembly in the hydraulic assembly mounting groove.

[0027] The upper support bracket is one of the main structural components of the shock absorber's upper support, supporting and connecting other components. It is typically made of high-strength metal, providing sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the various loads encountered during vehicle operation. The upper support bracket is equipped with multiple bolt locating holes, each of which houses a coaxially secured bolt. These bolts connect the upper support bracket to other vehicle components, ensuring a secure and reliable installation of the shock absorber's upper support. A hydraulic assembly mounting slot, open at the top, is coaxially located on the upper portion of the upper support bracket. The shape and dimensions of this mounting slot match those of the hydraulic assembly and serve to secure and install the hydraulic assembly. The hydraulic assembly is the core component of the shock absorber's upper support and consists of an inner frame, an upper and lower fluid chambers, a fluid inlet channel, a connecting channel, damping fluid, a main spring, an upper and lower bladders, and other components. The hydraulic assembly absorbs and dissipates vibration and impact energy during vehicle operation through the flow and deformation of the damping fluid, thereby achieving vibration reduction. The hydraulic assembly is installed in the hydraulic assembly mounting slot, coaxially located with the upper support bracket. This ensures stable operation of the hydraulic assembly during operation and facilitates installation and maintenance. The bracket end cap is located at the top of the hydraulic assembly mounting slot and is coaxially fixed to the upper support bracket. It press-fits the hydraulic assembly into the mounting slot, preventing it from loosening or shifting during operation. The bracket end cap is typically made of metal, providing sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the pressure and external loads of the hydraulic assembly. It can be secured to the upper support bracket using bolts or welding to ensure a secure and reliable connection. As a key structural component of the shock absorber upper support, the upper support bracket serves the crucial task of connecting the shock absorber upper support to other vehicle components. Its strength and rigidity directly impact the stability and reliability of the shock absorber upper support installation. The placement of bolt locating holes and bolts ensures a secure connection between the upper support bracket and other vehicle components. This connection prevents the shock absorber upper support from loosening or falling off during driving, ensuring safe operation.

[0028] Furthermore, a mounting structure for a shock absorber upper support includes a shock absorber, the lower end of the shock absorber is fixed to the wheel, the upper end of the shock absorber is fixed to the above-mentioned shock absorber upper support, and the tops of multiple bolts pass through the vehicle body and are detachably fixed to the vehicle body by nuts.

[0029] The shock absorber plays a key role in the entire mounting structure. Its lower end is fixed to the wheel, effectively reducing the transmission of wheel vibrations to the vehicle body during driving. A shock absorber typically consists of a spring and a damper. The spring absorbs vibration energy, while the damper controls the spring's rebound velocity, thereby ensuring smoother driving. The upper end of the shock absorber is fixed to the upper support, connecting the shock absorber to the vehicle body, providing support and vibration reduction. As mentioned above, the upper support includes components such as the upper support bracket, hydraulic assembly, and bracket end cap. It provides a mounting platform for the shock absorber and is bolted to the vehicle body. The design and performance of the upper support directly impact the vibration reduction effectiveness and reliability of the entire mounting structure. Multiple bolt holes and bolts on the upper support bracket secure the upper support to the vehicle body. The tops of these bolts pass through the vehicle body and are removably secured with nuts, facilitating installation and maintenance. The vehicle body is the primary structure of the vehicle and bears various loads. The shock absorber upper support is secured to the vehicle body with bolts and nuts, transmitting the shock absorber's force to the vehicle body, thereby reducing vibration and bumps during driving. This mounting structure connects the shock absorber to the vehicle body, forming a complete vibration damping system. The shock absorber upper support, as the intermediate link in the connection, performs both force transmission and vibration damping functions. It evenly transfers the damping force generated by the shock absorber to the vehicle body, reducing vibration and bumps, and improving driving comfort and stability. Furthermore, the removable mounting structure facilitates installation and maintenance. When the shock absorber or upper support needs to be replaced, the bolts and nuts can be easily removed for repair or replacement. A well-designed shock absorber upper support mounting structure can improve vehicle performance. It reduces vibration and bumps during driving, enhancing handling and stability. It also reduces wear on vehicle components, extending the vehicle's service life. Furthermore, this mounting structure reduces noise during driving, improving ride comfort. When a vehicle travels on uneven roads, the wheels generate vibration and impact. These vibrations and impacts are transmitted to the shock absorber's upper support through the shock absorber. The hydraulic assembly in the shock absorber's upper support absorbs and dissipates vibration and impact energy through the flow and deformation of the damping fluid. At the same time, elastic components such as the main spring, upper bladder, and lower bladder provide a certain degree of elastic support, further enhancing the vibration damping effect. The shock absorber's upper support transmits the forces generated by the shock absorber to the vehicle body, dispersing and absorbing these forces through the vehicle body's structure and strength. At the same time, the vehicle body also feeds back some of the force to the shock absorber's upper support, forming a dynamic balance system. Bolts and nuts secure the shock absorber's upper support to the vehicle body, ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire mounting structure. During vehicle operation, the bolts and nuts must withstand various forces from the shock absorber and the vehicle body, and therefore require sufficient strength and tightening force.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, the inner frame serves as the core support structure of the entire hydraulic assembly, providing a foundation for the installation and fixing of other components. The upper and lower fluid chambers are coaxially located on the upper and lower sides of the center of the inner frame, respectively. They serve as the primary storage spaces for the damping fluid in the hydraulic assembly and are interconnected by a connecting channel. An inlet channel is provided within the inner frame and connects to the upper fluid chamber, with its inlet sealed. The function of the inlet channel is to inject the damping fluid into the upper fluid chamber during assembly of the hydraulic assembly. Once injection is complete, the inlet is sealed to prevent leakage of the damping fluid. A connecting channel, also provided within the inner frame, connects the upper and lower fluid chambers, allowing the damping fluid to flow between the two chambers. The inlet channel, upper fluid chamber, connecting channel, and lower fluid chamber together form an enclosed space that can undergo elastic deformation. This prevents damping fluid leakage during operation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the shock absorber upper support. When the vehicle is driving, when the upper support of the shock absorber is subjected to vibration and impact from the road surface, the enclosed space will deform accordingly, causing the damping fluid to flow between the liquid chambers, generating damping force and playing a vibration reduction role.

[0031] To sum up, the hydraulic assembly of the shock absorber upper support designed in the present invention can effectively improve the performance and reliability of the shock absorber upper support through its unique structural design and the action of the damping fluid. It has good damping performance and performs vibration reduction in a hydraulic manner, replacing the vibration reduction function of the rubber main spring. It has the advantages of being not easy to age, high strength, and good wear resistance. In addition, the hydraulic vibration reduction based on the damping fluid is not sensitive to temperature. The shock absorber upper support designed based on the hydraulic assembly and its installation structure provide the vehicle with a more comfortable and stable driving experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A quarter-section perspective view of the upper support of the shock absorber of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A quarter-section perspective view of the upper support bracket of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the upper support of the shock absorber in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of the inner skeleton of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 A quarter-section of the upper inner frame of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 6 A quarter-section of the upper inner frame of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 7 A quarter-section of the lower inner frame of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 8 A quarter-section of the lower inner frame of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 9 A quarter-section perspective view of the inner skeleton of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 A perspective view of a quarter cross section of the epithelial bladder of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 A quarter-section perspective view of the lower bladder of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 A quarter-section perspective view of a structure in which the main spring and the outer frame are fixed as one body in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 A quarter-section perspective view of a structure in which the main spring, the outer frame, and the inner frame are fixed as an integral whole in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 14 A quarter-section perspective view of the structure in which the main spring, the outer frame, the inner frame, and the upper and lower bladders are fixed as one body in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 15 A perspective view of the upper and lower liquid chambers of the present invention connected by a connecting flow channel;

[0047] Figure 16 for Figure 15 Exploded diagram;

[0048] Figure 17 An exploded view of the support and mounting structure on the shock absorber of the present invention;

[0049] Among them, 1 - inner skeleton (1.1 - inner skeleton main shaft, 1.2 - inner skeleton ring), 2 - upper liquid chamber, 3 - lower liquid chamber, 4 - liquid inlet channel, 5 - connecting channel, 6 - damping liquid, 7 - main spring, 8 - upper skin bladder, 9 - lower skin bladder, 10 - skin bladder outer skin, 11 - skin bladder lining, 12 - outer skeleton, 13 - boss, 14 - upper support bracket, 15 - bolt positioning hole, 16 - bolt, 17 - hydraulic assembly mounting groove, 18 - bracket end cover, 19 - shock absorber, 20 - upper inner skeleton (20.1 - upper inner skeleton main shaft, 20.2

[0050] —Upper inner skeleton ring, 20.3 positioning protrusion, 20.4—upper connecting flow channel), 21—lower inner skeleton (21.1—lower inner skeleton main shaft, 21.2—lower inner skeleton ring, 21.3—positioning groove, 21.4—lower connecting flow channel), 22—steel balls, 23—sealing steel ring, 24—upper throttle port, 25—lower throttle port, 26—shock absorber upper support, 27—caliper, 28—wheel, 29—buffer block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0052] Figure 1 The figure shows an embodiment of the upper support 26 of the shock absorber. The upper support 26 of the shock absorber includes an upper support bracket 14. In some embodiments, the structure of the upper support bracket 14 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the upper support bracket 14 includes a plurality of bolt positioning holes 15 opened around it, and a bolt 16 is coaxially fixed in each bolt positioning hole 15. Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the bolt 16 is fixed in the bolt positioning hole 15 by means of interference fit. A hydraulic assembly is coaxially fixed in the upper support bracket 14. In some embodiments, as shown Figure 1 As shown in FIG3 , a hydraulic assembly mounting groove 17 with an open top is provided on the upper portion of the upper support bracket 14. The hydraulic assembly is coaxially arranged in the hydraulic assembly mounting groove 17. A bracket end cover 18 is provided above the hydraulic assembly for press-fitting and fixing the hydraulic assembly in the hydraulic assembly mounting groove.

[0053] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned shock absorber upper support 26, the assembly method is:

[0054] S1. Press the assembled hydraulic assembly into the hydraulic assembly installation groove 17 by interference fit;

[0055] S2. Place the bracket end cover 18 in the top notch of the hydraulic assembly mounting groove 17 and perform a riveting operation on the top notch of the hydraulic assembly mounting groove 17 so that the top circumferential notch of the hydraulic assembly mounting groove 17 presses against the circumferential edge of the bracket end cover 18;

[0056] S3. Insert the bolt 16 into the bolt positioning hole 15 with interference fit.

[0057] Figure 1 、 Figure 3 The figure shows an embodiment of a hydraulic assembly, including an inner skeleton 1 and an upper liquid chamber 2 and a lower liquid chamber 3 coaxially arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle part of the inner skeleton 1; the inner skeleton 1 is provided with a liquid inlet channel 4 connected to the upper liquid chamber 2 and with a blocked liquid inlet, as well as a connecting channel 5 connected to the upper liquid chamber 2 and the lower liquid chamber 3. The liquid inlet channel 4, the upper liquid chamber 2, the connecting channel 5 and the lower liquid chamber 3 form a closed space that can undergo elastic deformation, and the closed space is filled with damping fluid 6.

[0058] Figure 4 The figure shows an embodiment of the endoskeleton 1, which comprises an endoskeleton main shaft 1.1 and an endoskeleton ring 1.2 coaxially fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the middle portion of the endoskeleton main shaft 1.1.

[0059] To realize the structure of the inner skeleton 1, Figure 5 As shown in FIG8 , the present invention designs a specific structure of an inner skeleton 1:

[0060] The inner frame 1 includes an upper inner frame 20 and a lower inner frame 21 which are coaxially arranged and can be spliced ​​into one piece.

[0061] The upper endoskeleton 20 comprises an upper endoskeleton main shaft 20.1 and an upper endoskeleton ring 20.2 coaxially connected to the lower portion of the upper endoskeleton main shaft 20.1. The upper endoskeleton main shaft 20.1 and the upper endoskeleton ring 20.2 form an integral structure. A positioning protrusion 20.3 is provided at the bottom of the upper endoskeleton main shaft 20.1, and an annular upper connecting flow channel 20.4 is defined at the bottom of the upper endoskeleton ring 20.2. An upper throttle opening 24 is defined somewhere within the upper connecting flow channel 20.4. A liquid inlet flow channel 4 is defined within the upper endoskeleton main shaft 20.1.

[0062] The lower endoskeleton 21 comprises a lower endoskeleton main shaft 21.1 and a lower endoskeleton ring 21.2 coaxially connected to the upper portion of the lower endoskeleton main shaft 21.1. The lower endoskeleton main shaft 21.1 and the lower endoskeleton ring 21.2 form an integral structure. A positioning groove 21.3 is provided at the top of the lower endoskeleton main shaft 21.1, and an annular lower connecting flow channel 21.4 is formed at the top of the lower endoskeleton ring 21.2. A lower throttle opening 25 is formed somewhere within the lower connecting flow channel 21.4.

[0063] like Figure 9As shown, the upper inner skeleton 20 and the lower inner skeleton 21 can be coaxially connected to form an inner skeleton 1, wherein the upper inner skeleton main shaft 20.1 is inserted into the positioning groove at the top of the lower inner skeleton main shaft 21.1, and the positioning protrusion 20.3 is inserted into the positioning groove 21.3, and the upper inner skeleton main shaft 20.1 and the lower inner skeleton main shaft 21.1 together form the inner skeleton main shaft 1.1. The bottom surface of the upper inner skeleton ring 20.2 and the top surface of the lower inner skeleton ring 21.2 are fitted to form the inner skeleton ring 1.2. The upper connecting flow channel 20.4 and the lower connecting flow channel 21.4 are spliced ​​to form a connecting flow channel 5. The damping fluid 6 can enter the connecting flow channel 5 through the liquid inlet flow channel 4 and the upper throttle port 24. The liquid inlet flow channel 4 can be blocked by an interference fit with the steel ball 22 (such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown).

[0064] Figure 10 —14 shows an embodiment of the upper liquid chamber 2 and the lower liquid chamber 3.

[0065] The circumferential edge of the inner skeleton ring 1.2 is wrapped and connected to the main spring 7 that can undergo elastic deformation. The upper and lower sides of the main spring 7 are respectively fixed with an upper skin bag 8 and a lower skin bag 9 that can undergo elastic deformation. The upper skin bag 8, the upper surface of the main spring 7 and the upper middle surface of the inner skeleton 1 form an upper liquid chamber 2. The lower skin bag 9, the lower surface of the main spring 7 and the lower middle surface of the inner skeleton 1 form a lower liquid chamber 3. The inner skeleton main axis 1.1 coaxially passes through the upper liquid chamber 2 and the lower liquid chamber 3. The upper liquid chamber 2 is located above the inner skeleton ring 1.2, and the lower liquid chamber 3 is located below the inner skeleton ring 1.2.

[0066] Figure 10 The figure shows an embodiment of the upper epithelial bladder 8: the upper epithelial bladder 8 includes a through hole in the middle corresponding to the main axis 1.1 of the inner skeleton, an annular bladder outer skin 10 and a bladder lining 11 arranged inside the bladder outer skin 10 along the circumferential direction of the bladder outer skin 10.

[0067] like Figure 14 As shown, the circumferential edge of the bladder outer skin 10 is clamped in the main spring 7, and the middle part of the bladder outer skin 10 extends toward the upper inner skeleton main shaft 20.1, corresponding to the upper shape of the upper inner skeleton main shaft 20.1, and can be clamped in the upper ring groove of the upper inner skeleton main shaft 20.1, and fixed in the upper ring groove of the upper inner skeleton main shaft 20.1 by fixing the sealing steel ring 23.

[0068] Figure 11 The figure shows an embodiment of the lower bladder 9: the lower bladder 9 includes a through hole in the middle corresponding to the main axis 1.1 of the inner skeleton, an annular bladder outer skin 10 and a bladder lining 11 arranged inside the bladder outer skin 10 along the circumferential direction of the bladder outer skin 10.

[0069] like Figure 14As shown, the circumferential edge of the bladder outer skin 10 is clamped in the main spring 7, and the middle part of the bladder outer skin 10 extends toward the lower inner skeleton main shaft 21.1, corresponding to the lower shape of the lower inner skeleton main shaft 21.1, and can be clamped in the lower annular groove of the lower inner skeleton main shaft 21.1, and fixed in the lower annular groove of the lower inner skeleton main shaft 21.1 by fixing the sealing steel ring 23.

[0070] Figure 12 The figure shows an embodiment of a main spring 7. An annular exoskeleton 12 is fixedly attached to the circumferential edge of the main spring 7. Multiple bosses 13 of varying heights are spaced along the circumference of the main spring 7 on both its upper and lower surfaces. The exoskeleton 12 secures the main spring 7 to the upper and lower bladders 8 and 9 by radially clamping.

[0071] After the structural assembly of the above hydraulic assembly is completed, the damping liquid 6 is filled. The operation includes: feeding liquid through the liquid inlet channel 4 and introducing the damping liquid 6 into the upper liquid chamber 2. At the same time, the damping liquid 6 is introduced into the connecting channel 5 through the upper throttle port 24 and into the lower liquid chamber 3 through the lower throttle port 25. After the upper and lower liquid chambers are filled with the damping liquid 6, the steel ball 22 is pressed into the liquid inlet channel 4 by interference, so that the liquid inlet channel 4, the upper liquid chamber 2, the connecting channel 5 and the lower liquid chamber 3 form a closed space that can undergo elastic deformation and is filled with the damping liquid 6 (such as Figure 15 —16).

[0072] like Figure 17 As shown, based on the structure of the above-mentioned shock absorber upper support 26, the present invention designs a specific embodiment of the mounting structure of the shock absorber upper support: it includes a shock absorber 19, the shock absorber shaft passes through the buffer block 29 and is fixed in the axial hole of the inner skeleton main shaft 1.1, the upper support bracket 14 is fixed to the vehicle body through the matching structure of bolts and nuts, the lower end of the shock absorber 19 is fixed to the caliper 27, and the caliper 27 is fixed to the wheel 28.

[0073] In the present invention, the inner frame 1 serves as the core support structure of the entire hydraulic assembly, providing a foundation for the installation and fixing of other components. The upper and lower fluid chambers 2 and 3 are coaxially located on the upper and lower sides of the center of the inner frame 1. They serve as the primary storage spaces for the damping fluid 6 in the hydraulic assembly and are interconnected via a connecting channel 5. A fluid inlet channel 4 is provided within the inner frame 1 and communicates with the upper fluid chamber 2, with its inlet sealed. The function of the fluid inlet channel 4 is to inject the damping fluid 6 into the upper fluid chamber 2 during assembly of the hydraulic assembly. Once injection is complete, the inlet is sealed to prevent leakage of the damping fluid. The connecting channel 5, also provided within the inner frame 1, connects the upper and lower fluid chambers 2, allowing the damping fluid 6 to flow between the two chambers. The fluid inlet channel 4, upper fluid chamber 2, connecting channel 5, and lower fluid chamber 3 together form an enclosed space that is elastically deformable. This prevents leakage of the damping fluid 6 during operation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the shock absorber upper support 26. When the vehicle is running, when the upper support 26 of the shock absorber is subjected to vibration and impact from the road surface, the enclosed space will deform accordingly, causing the damping fluid 6 to flow between the liquid chambers, generating a damping force and playing a role in vibration reduction.

[0074] To sum up, the hydraulic assembly of the shock absorber upper support 26 designed in the present invention can effectively improve the performance and reliability of the shock absorber upper support 26 through its unique structural design and the action of the damping fluid 6. It has good damping performance and performs vibration reduction in a hydraulic manner, replacing the vibration reduction function of the rubber main spring. It has the advantages of being not easy to age, high strength, and good wear resistance. In addition, the hydraulic vibration reduction based on the damping fluid 6 is not sensitive to temperature. The shock absorber upper support 26 designed based on the hydraulic assembly and its installation structure provide the vehicle with a more comfortable and stable driving experience.

[0075] It should be noted that the description of the above technical solutions is exemplary, and this specification can be embodied in different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the technical solutions set forth herein. On the contrary, providing these descriptions will make the disclosure of the present invention thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope disclosed in this specification to those skilled in the art. In addition, the technical solutions of the present invention are limited only by the scope of the claims. When using "including", "having" and "comprising" described in this specification, it may also have another part or other parts, and the terms used may generally be singular but may also represent plural forms.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and is susceptible to numerous variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic assembly supported on a shock absorber, characterized in that: It comprises an inner frame (1) and an upper liquid chamber (2) and a lower liquid chamber (3) coaxially arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle of the inner frame (1); The inner skeleton (1) is provided with a liquid inlet channel (4) communicating with the upper liquid chamber (2) and having a blocked liquid inlet, and a connecting channel (5) communicating with the upper liquid chamber (2) and the lower liquid chamber (3); the liquid inlet channel (4), the upper liquid chamber (2), the connecting channel (5) and the lower liquid chamber (3) form a closed space capable of elastic deformation, and the closed space is filled with a damping liquid (6); The inner skeleton (1) comprises an inner skeleton main shaft (1.1) and an inner skeleton ring (1.2) coaxially fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the middle part of the inner skeleton main shaft (1.1); the inner skeleton main shaft (1.1) coaxially passes through the upper liquid chamber (2) and the lower liquid chamber (3); the upper liquid chamber (2) is located above the inner skeleton ring (1.2), and the lower liquid chamber (3) is located below the inner skeleton ring (1.2); The circumferential edge of the inner skeleton ring (1.2) is wrapped and connected to the main spring (7) that can undergo elastic deformation. The upper and lower sides of the main spring (7) are respectively fixed with an upper epithelial bag (8) and a lower epithelial bag (9) that can undergo elastic deformation. The upper epithelial bag (8), the upper surface of the main spring (7) and the middle upper surface of the inner skeleton (1) form the upper liquid chamber (2). The lower epithelial bag (9), the lower surface of the main spring (7) and the middle lower surface of the inner skeleton (1) form the lower liquid chamber (3). The upper skin bladder (8) and the lower skin bladder (9) both include a ring-shaped skin bladder outer skin (10) with a through hole corresponding to the main axis of the inner skeleton (1.1) opened in the middle, and a skin bladder inner skin (11) arranged inside the skin bladder outer skin (10) along the circumferential direction of the skin bladder outer skin (10), the circumferential edge of the skin bladder outer skin (10) is snap-fitted into the main spring (7), and the middle of the skin bladder outer skin (10) is fixed on the main axis of the inner skeleton (1.1).

2. The hydraulic assembly supported on the shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet channel (4) is provided in the inner skeleton main shaft (1.1), and the connecting channel (5) is provided in the inner skeleton circular ring (1.2).

3. The hydraulic assembly supported on the shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting flow channel (5) comprises an arc-shaped flow channel arranged concentrically with the inner skeleton ring (1.2).

4. The hydraulic assembly supported on the shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential edge of the main spring (7) is fixedly connected to an annular outer frame (12), and the outer frame (12) can clamp and fix the main spring (7) with the upper skin bag (8) and the lower skin bag (9) in a radial clamping manner.

5. The hydraulic assembly supported on the shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower surfaces of the main spring (7) are both provided with a plurality of bosses (13) of different heights at intervals along the circumferential direction thereof.

6. A shock absorber upper support, comprising an upper support bracket (14), wherein the upper support bracket (14) is provided with a plurality of bolt positioning holes (15), wherein a bolt (16) is coaxially fixed in each bolt positioning hole (15), and wherein: A hydraulic assembly mounting groove (17) with an open top is coaxially arranged on the upper part of the upper support bracket (14), and the hydraulic assembly supported on the shock absorber as described in any one of the above claims 1 to 5 is coaxially arranged in the hydraulic assembly mounting groove (17), and a bracket end cover (18) is coaxially fixed to the top of the hydraulic assembly mounting groove (17), and the bracket end cover (18) presses and fixes the hydraulic assembly in the hydraulic assembly mounting groove (17).

7. A mounting structure for a shock absorber upper support, comprising a shock absorber (19), wherein the lower end of the shock absorber (19) is fixed to a wheel, and the upper end of the shock absorber (19) is fixed to the shock absorber upper support described in claim 6, wherein the tops of a plurality of the bolts (16) pass through the vehicle body and are detachably fixed to the vehicle body by nuts.

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