Photovoltaic module snow load detection method and device

Abstract

The present invention provides a photovoltaic module snow load detection method and device, which relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel load experimental devices, including: a rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform, the rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform is composed of a rotating base, a supporting platform and a photovoltaic panel mounting frame, an annular experimental cabin, the rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform is arranged in the annular experimental cabin, and a snow simulation block, the snow simulation block is composed of a top plate, a bottom plate and a sponge middle layer arranged therebetween, the thickness and weight of snow on the experimental photovoltaic panel are simulated by adjusting the thickness of the snow simulation block, and a simulated air outlet plate is used to simulate natural wind in a snowy environment. The present invention can simulate the load condition of the surface of the photovoltaic panel in ice and snow weather to the greatest extent possible without using ice and snow, can simulate the accumulation thickness of ice and snow and the covering weight of ice and snow, and the device can be used repeatedly with low cost, thereby solving the problems of high simulation process cost or distorted experimental effect in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel load experimental devices, and in particular to a photovoltaic module snow load detection method and device. Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic module snow load detection device with a publication number of "CN114018721A" in the prior art includes a water tank, a first strain sensor, a vibration mechanism and a controller, wherein the water tank is overlapped on the solar panel of the photovoltaic module; a bracket is provided at the lower part of the solar panel, and a first strain sensor is provided on each crossbeam on the bracket; each crossbeam is also connected to a vibration mechanism for providing low-frequency vibration; the vibration mechanism and each first strain sensor are connected to the controller; the device can simulate the situation when the photovoltaic module is subjected to wind with a fixed wind direction but unstable wind force, thereby being able to more realistically simulate the real situation of winter windy and snowy weather.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned device still has obvious defects during use: although the above-mentioned device can simulate snow accumulation, its simulation method cannot truly restore the parameters that need to be adjusted, such as the snow cover thickness and unit snow weight of the photovoltaic panels in the snowy environment, which leads to distortion of the experimental process and affects the accuracy of the experimental results. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for detecting snow load on a photovoltaic module to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A photovoltaic module snow load detection device, comprising:

[0007] A rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform, which is composed of a rotating base, a supporting platform and a photovoltaic panel mounting frame. The photovoltaic panel mounting frame is used to install experimental photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panel mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the supporting platform. The supporting platform performs a fixed-axis rotating motion around the rotating base. A pressure sensor is provided between the photovoltaic panel mounting frame and the supporting platform.

[0008] An annular experimental cabin, wherein the rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform is arranged in the annular experimental cabin, and simulated air outlet plates are installed on the inner wall of the annular experimental cabin at both sides of the rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform, and an air inlet connected to a circulation pipeline is also opened on the side wall of the annular experimental cabin, and the gas in the annular experimental cabin is pumped into the annular experimental cabin from the air inlet through the fan and pumped out through the simulated air outlet plates; and,

[0009] A snow simulation block, which is lifted and pulled by a traction mechanism. A top sealing cover is installed above the annular experimental cabin, and a cavity for accommodating the snow simulation block is opened in the top sealing cover. The traction mechanism drives the snow simulation block to move up and down between the experimental photovoltaic panel and the cavity. The snow simulation block is composed of a top plate, a bottom plate and a sponge middle layer arranged therebetween. The spacing between the top plate and the bottom plate is adjustable, and the thickness of the sponge middle layer is synchronously and adaptively adjusted with the spacing between the top plate and the bottom plate. A water supply and drainage matching plate is installed on the top of the cavity, and water is injected or squeezed into the sponge middle layer through the matching of the water supply and drainage matching plate and the top plate. The water supply and drainage matching plate is connected to an external water tank through a pipeline, and a two-way water pump is arranged on the pipeline. A spacing adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the top plate and the bottom plate is also arranged inside the cavity; wherein,

[0010] The thickness of the snow simulation block is adjusted to simulate the thickness of the snow on the experimental photovoltaic panel, and the weight of the snow is simulated by pumping water into the middle layer of the sponge. The simulated wind plate is used to simulate the natural wind in the snow environment, and the rotation of the rotating base is used to simulate wind from different directions.

[0011] Preferably, the photovoltaic panel mounting frame is composed of a rotating fixed support, a telescopic support and a mounting plate, and the inclination angle of the mounting plate and the experimental photovoltaic panel mounted thereon can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the telescopic support.

[0012] Preferably, the top plate is a porous grid structure with four bearings fixedly mounted thereon, a lifting and adjusting screw rod is installed in the bearing, and a screw rod sleeve cooperating with the lifting and adjusting screw rod is correspondingly provided on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is driven to perform lifting and lowering motion by the rotation of the lifting and adjusting screw rod, thereby adjusting the distance between the two.

[0013] Preferably, the spacing adjustment mechanism is four adjustment motors arranged above the cavity, and the driving shafts of the adjustment motors are fixedly connected with adjustment magnetic rods. The lifting and adjusting screw rods are provided with magnetic blocks that cooperate with the adjustment magnetic rods. The torque output by the adjustment motors is transmitted to the lifting and adjusting screw rods through the cooperation between the adjustment magnetic rods and the magnetic blocks, thereby driving the lifting and adjusting screw rods to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, the traction mechanism includes four groups of winding turntables, and winding motors are installed at the rotating shafts of the winding turntables. The winding turntables are wound with lifting and traction ropes, and the lifting and traction ropes are connected to the four corners of the base plate at one end away from the winding turntable.

[0015] Preferably, a telescopic rubber barrier is provided between the sponge middle layers, and the telescopic rubber barrier divides the sponge middle layer into a plurality of sponge compartments of the same size and isolated from each other, and the arrangement of the sponge compartments prevents the water in each sponge compartment from circulating with each other.

[0016] A photovoltaic module snow load detection method, using the photovoltaic module snow load detection device, comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Install the experimental photovoltaic panel on the photovoltaic panel mounting frame, and adjust the photovoltaic panel mounting frame so that the experimental photovoltaic panel forms a preset installation angle;

[0018] Step 2: Determine the snow thickness and unit snow weight of the experiment. The snow thickness is simulated by adjusting the distance between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the unit snow weight is simulated by injecting water into the middle layer of the sponge. The manufactured snow simulation block is suspended to the surface of the experimental photovoltaic panel through a traction mechanism;

[0019] Step 3: Observe the surface conditions of the experimental photovoltaic panels and adjust the wind speed through the simulated air outlet plate to simulate the conditions of the experimental photovoltaic panels in winter environment;

[0020] Step 4: Observe the pressure-bearing condition of the experimental photovoltaic panels by simulating the thickness and weight of snow multiple times.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention can simulate the load conditions on the surface of photovoltaic panels in ice and snow weather to the greatest extent possible without using ice and snow, and can simulate the accumulation thickness and covering weight of ice and snow. The device can be used repeatedly and has low cost, thus solving the problems of high simulation process cost or distorted experimental effect in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the snow simulation block of the present invention covering the surface of the experimental photovoltaic panel;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the snow simulation block of the present invention being stored in the cavity;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the top sealing cover plate and its connection structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the snow simulation block of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate lifting process of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1 rotating base, 2 supporting platform, 3 photovoltaic panel mounting frame, 4 experimental photovoltaic panel, 5 pressure sensor, 6 annular experimental cabin, 7 simulated air outlet plate, 8 snow simulation block, 9 top plate, 10 bottom plate, 11 sponge middle layer, 12 water supply and drainage matching plate, 13 pipeline, 14 external water tank, 15 two-way water pump, 16 rotating fixed support, 17 telescopic support, 18 mounting plate, 19 bearing, 20 lifting and adjusting screw rod, 21 screw rod sleeve, 22 adjusting motor, 23 adjusting magnetic rod, 24 winding turntable, 25 lifting and pulling rope, 26 telescopic rubber block, 27 sponge compartment, 28 cavity, 29 top sealing cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figure 1-5 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] A photovoltaic module snow load detection device, comprising:

[0033] A rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform, which is composed of a rotating base 1, a supporting platform 2 and a photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3. The photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 is used to mount the experimental photovoltaic panel 4. The photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 is fixedly mounted on the supporting platform 2. The supporting platform 2 performs a fixed-axis rotating motion around the rotating base 1. A pressure sensor 5 is provided between the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 and the supporting platform 2.

[0034] The annular experimental cabin 6, the rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform is arranged in the annular experimental cabin 6, the inner wall of the annular experimental cabin 6 is provided with simulated air outlet plates 7 at both sides of the rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform, and the simulated air outlet plates 7 are connected to the fan through an external pipe; and

[0035] A snow simulation block 8 is provided, and the snow simulation block 8 is lifted and pulled by a traction mechanism. A top sealing cover plate 29 is installed above the annular experimental cabin 6, and a cavity 28 for accommodating the snow simulation block 8 is provided in the top sealing cover plate 29. The traction mechanism drives the snow simulation block 8 to move up and down between the experimental photovoltaic panel 4 and the cavity 28. The snow simulation block 8 is composed of a top plate 9, a bottom plate 10 and a sponge middle layer 11 arranged therebetween. The spacing between the top plate 9 and the bottom plate 10 is adjustable, and the thickness of the sponge middle layer 11 is synchronously and adaptively adjusted with the spacing between the top plate 9 and the bottom plate 10. A water supply and drainage matching plate 12 is installed on the top of the cavity 28, and the water supply and drainage matching plate 12 cooperates with the top plate 9 to inject water or squeeze water into the sponge middle layer 11. The water supply and drainage matching plate 12 is connected to an external water tank 14 through a pipeline 13, and a two-way water pump 15 is arranged on the pipeline 13. A spacing adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the top plate 9 and the bottom plate 10 is also arranged inside the cavity 28; wherein,

[0036] The thickness of the snow simulation block 8 is adjusted to simulate the thickness of the snow on the experimental photovoltaic panel 4, and the weight of the snow is simulated by pumping water into the sponge middle layer 11. The simulated air outlet plate 7 is used to simulate the natural wind in the snow environment, and the rotation of the rotating base 1 is used to simulate wind from different directions.

[0037] In this embodiment, the rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform is used to install the experimental photovoltaic panel 4 and drive it to rotate. Since the simulated air outlet plate 7 is fixedly installed in the annular experimental cabin 6, the supporting platform 2 is driven to rotate by the rotating base 1 so that different directions are directly opposite to the position of the simulated air outlet plate 7, thereby simulating wind from different directions. At the same time, the arrangement of the simulated air outlet plates 7 on both sides can simulate convection wind, thereby more comprehensively simulating wind speed and wind direction. The snow simulation block 8 is lifted and pulled by the traction mechanism so that it is in the cavity 2. 8 and the experimental photovoltaic panel 4, wherein the snow simulation block 8 is composed of a top plate 9, a bottom plate 10 and a sponge middle layer 11 arranged therebetween, the spacing between the top plate 9 and the bottom plate 10 is adjustable, the thickness of the sponge middle layer 11 is adaptively adjusted synchronously with the spacing between the top plate 9 and the bottom plate 10, a water supply and drainage matching plate 12 is installed on the top of the cavity 28, and the water supply and drainage matching plate 12 cooperates with the top plate 9 to inject or squeeze water into the sponge middle layer 11, and the specific operation is as follows: when water needs to be injected, the water is injected into the sponge middle layer 11 through the drainage matching plate 12 The top plate 9 is filled with water. Since the top plate 9 is a porous grid structure, water will enter the sponge middle layer 11 through the top plate 9, thereby completing the water filling operation. When it is necessary to squeeze water, adjust the distance between the top plate 9 and the bottom plate 10 to reduce the distance between the two. At this time, the water adsorbed on the sponge middle layer 11 will flow out through the top plate 9. At this time, the outflowing water is adsorbed by the drainage matching plate 12 to complete the water squeezing operation. Through the above operation, snow of different thicknesses and different masses can be simulated, thereby restoring the real snow simulation scene to the greatest extent, thereby providing more accurate load test data. During the experiment, a stress monitoring sensor is installed on the experimental photovoltaic panel 4 to detect the load stress distribution during the snow accumulation process. Among them, the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 is composed of a rotating fixed support 16, a telescopic support 17 and a mounting plate 18. The height of the telescopic support 16 is adjusted to adjust the mounting plate 18 and the inclination angle of the experimental photovoltaic panel 4 installed thereon. The adjustable telescopic support 16 in this embodiment can adopt an electric hydraulic telescopic sleeve to facilitate electric adjustment.

[0038] Embodiment 2:

[0039] The top plate 9 is a porous grid structure with four bearings 19 fixedly mounted thereon. A lifting adjustment screw 20 is mounted inside the bearing 19. A screw sleeve 21 cooperating with the lifting adjustment screw 20 is correspondingly arranged on the bottom plate 10. The lifting adjustment screw 20 is rotated to drive the bottom plate 10 to perform lifting motion, thereby adjusting the distance between the two.

[0040] The spacing adjustment mechanism is four adjustment motors 22 arranged above the cavity 28. The driving shafts of the adjustment motors 22 are fixedly connected with adjustment magnetic rods 23. The lifting and adjusting screw rods 20 are provided with magnetic blocks that cooperate with the adjustment magnetic rods 23. Through the cooperation between the adjustment magnetic rods 23 and the magnetic blocks, the torque output by the adjustment motors 22 is transmitted to the lifting and adjusting screw rods 20, thereby driving the lifting and adjusting screw rods 20 to rotate.

[0041] In this embodiment, the spacing adjustment structure and adjustment method of the top plate 9 and the bottom plate 10 are further disclosed. The lifting and lowering adjustment of the bottom plate 10 is performed by rotating the lifting and lowering adjustment screw 20. The lifting and lowering adjustment screw 20 is connected to the adjusting magnetic rod 23, and is adjusted by rotating the adjusting motor 22. The adjusting magnetic rod 23 is located in a through hole opened at the upper part of the cavity 28. When the snow simulation block 8 enters the cavity 28, the lifting and lowering adjustment screw 20 correspondingly enters the through hole where the adjusting magnetic rod 23 is located. At this time, the adjusting magnetic rod 23 and the magnetic block are magnetically matched, and the lifting and lowering adjustment screw 20 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the adjusting motor 22, thereby achieving the purpose of thickness adjustment. In addition, in the process of squeezing water of the snow simulation block 8, the lifting and lowering adjustment screw 20 needs to be rotated to compress the thickness of the top plate 9 and the bottom plate 10, which also needs to be achieved by rotating the lifting and lowering adjustment screw 20.

[0042] Embodiment three:

[0043] The traction mechanism includes four groups of winding turntables 24, and winding motors are installed at the rotating shafts of the winding turntables 24. The winding turntables 24 are wound with lifting and pulling ropes 25. The lifting and pulling ropes 25 are connected to the four corners of the bottom plate 10 at one end away from the winding turntables 24.

[0044] In this embodiment, the traction mechanism is a traction rope connected to the four corners of the base plate 10, which drives the snow simulation block 8 to move up and down through the rotation of the winding turntable 24.

[0045] Embodiment 4:

[0046] A telescopic rubber barrier 26 is provided between the sponge middle layers 11 , and the telescopic rubber barrier 26 divides the sponge middle layer 11 into a plurality of sponge compartments 27 of the same size and isolated from each other. The provision of the sponge compartments 27 prevents the water in each sponge compartment 27 from circulating with each other.

[0047] In this embodiment, the sponge middle layer 11 is divided into a number of sponge compartments 27 of the same size and isolated from each other by a retractable rubber barrier 26. The purpose of such a setting is to prevent moisture from flowing arbitrarily in the sponge middle layer 11. When the moisture content in the sponge middle layer 11 is high, it will flow to a lower position of the sponge middle layer 11, which will cause uneven gravity distribution and fail to effectively simulate the actual distribution of snow. At the same time, the setting of the sponge middle layer 11 can ensure that the moisture is evenly distributed in the sponge as much as possible, thereby maximizing the simulation of the real experimental environment.

[0048] A photovoltaic module snow load detection method, using the photovoltaic module snow load detection device, comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Install the experimental photovoltaic panel 4 on the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3, and adjust the photovoltaic panel mounting frame 3 so that the experimental photovoltaic panel 4 forms a preset installation angle;

[0050] Step 2: Determine the snow thickness and unit snow weight of the experiment, wherein the snow thickness is simulated by adjusting the distance between the top plate 9 and the bottom plate 10, and the unit snow weight is simulated by injecting water into the sponge middle layer 11, and the manufactured snow simulation block 8 is suspended to the surface of the experimental photovoltaic panel 4 by a traction mechanism;

[0051] Step 3: Observe the surface of the experimental photovoltaic panel 4 and adjust the wind speed through the simulated air outlet plate 7 to simulate the condition of the experimental photovoltaic panel in a winter environment;

[0052] Step 4: By simulating the thickness and weight of snow multiple times, the pressure-bearing condition of the experimental photovoltaic panel 4 is observed.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module snow load detection device, characterized in that: include: A rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform, which is composed of a rotating base, a supporting platform and a photovoltaic panel mounting frame. The photovoltaic panel mounting frame is used to install experimental photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panel mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the supporting platform. The supporting platform performs a fixed-axis rotating motion around the rotating base. A pressure sensor is provided between the photovoltaic panel mounting frame and the supporting platform. An annular experimental cabin, wherein the rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform is arranged in the annular experimental cabin, and simulated air outlet plates are installed on the inner wall of the annular experimental cabin at both sides of the rotating photovoltaic panel mounting platform, and the simulated air outlet plates are connected to the fan through a circulation pipeline. The side wall of the annular experimental cabin is also provided with an air inlet connected to the circulation pipeline, and the gas in the annular experimental cabin is pumped into the annular experimental cabin from the air inlet through the fan, and pumped out through the simulated air outlet plates; and, A snow simulation block, which is lifted and pulled by a traction mechanism. A top sealing cover is installed above the annular experimental cabin, and a cavity for accommodating the snow simulation block is opened in the top sealing cover. The traction mechanism drives the snow simulation block to move up and down between the experimental photovoltaic panel and the cavity. The snow simulation block consists of a top plate, a bottom plate and a sponge middle layer arranged therebetween. The spacing between the top plate and the bottom plate is adjustable, and the thickness of the sponge middle layer is adaptively adjusted synchronously with the spacing between the top plate and the bottom plate. A water supply and drainage matching plate is installed on the top of the cavity, and water is injected or squeezed into the sponge middle layer through the matching of the water supply and drainage matching plate and the top plate. The water supply and drainage matching plate is connected to an external water tank through a pipeline, and a two-way water pump is arranged on the pipeline. A spacing adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spacing between the top plate and the bottom plate is also arranged inside the cavity; wherein, The thickness of the snow simulation block is adjusted to simulate the thickness of the snow on the experimental photovoltaic panel, and the weight of the snow is simulated by pumping water into the middle layer of the sponge. The simulated wind plate is used to simulate the natural wind in the snow environment, and the rotation of the rotating base is used to simulate wind from different directions.

2. A photovoltaic module snow load detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel mounting frame is composed of a rotating fixed support, a telescopic support and a mounting plate. The inclination angle of the mounting plate and the experimental photovoltaic panel mounted thereon can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the telescopic support.

3. A photovoltaic module snow load detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The top plate is a porous grid structure with four bearings fixedly mounted thereon. A lifting and adjusting screw rod is installed in the bearing. A screw rod sleeve cooperating with the lifting and adjusting screw rod is correspondingly arranged on the bottom plate. The bottom plate is driven to perform lifting and lowering motion by the rotation of the lifting and adjusting screw rod, thereby adjusting the distance between the two.

4. A photovoltaic module snow load detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spacing adjustment mechanism is four adjustment motors arranged above the cavity, and the driving shafts of the adjustment motors are fixedly connected with adjustment magnetic rods. The lifting and adjusting screw rods are provided with magnetic blocks that cooperate with the adjustment magnetic rods. Through the cooperation between the adjustment magnetic rods and the magnetic blocks, the torque output by the adjustment motors is transmitted to the lifting and adjusting screw rods, thereby driving the lifting and adjusting screw rods to rotate.

5. A photovoltaic module snow load detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The traction mechanism includes four groups of winding turntables, and winding motors are installed at the rotating shafts of the winding turntables. The winding turntables are wound with lifting and traction ropes, and the lifting and traction ropes are connected to the four corners of the bottom plate at one end away from the winding turntable.

6. A photovoltaic module snow load detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A telescopic rubber barrier is arranged between the sponge middle layers, and the telescopic rubber barrier divides the sponge middle layer into a plurality of sponge compartments of the same size and isolated from each other. The arrangement of the sponge compartments prevents the water in each sponge compartment from flowing mutually.

7. A method for detecting snow load on a photovoltaic module, using the photovoltaic module snow load detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Install the experimental photovoltaic panel on the photovoltaic panel mounting frame, and adjust the photovoltaic panel mounting frame so that the experimental photovoltaic panel forms a preset installation angle; Step 2: Determine the snow thickness and unit snow weight of the experiment. The snow thickness is simulated by adjusting the distance between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the unit snow weight is simulated by injecting water into the middle layer of the sponge. The manufactured snow simulation block is suspended to the surface of the experimental photovoltaic panel through a traction mechanism; Step 3: Observe the surface conditions of the experimental photovoltaic panels and adjust the wind speed through the simulated air outlet plate to simulate the conditions of the experimental photovoltaic panels in winter environment; Step 4: Observe the pressure-bearing condition of the experimental photovoltaic panels by simulating the thickness and weight of snow multiple times.

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