A dual wideband substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a double-wideband substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna, which comprises a circular dielectric substrate, the upper layer and the lower layer of the dielectric substrate are respectively covered with a first metal layer and a second metal layer; the outer ring of an antenna unit is provided with a plurality of metalized through holes, so that the antenna unit forms a substrate integrated waveguide structure; the center of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is provided with a feed hole for a feed probe; a plurality of metalized short-circuit through holes are formed on the first metal layer with the feed hole as the center and the circumference; a plurality of slits with different shapes are formed on the first metal layer, and the metalized short-circuit through holes are located between the slits. The application can significantly improve the bandwidth of the antenna by fusing multiple resonance modes of the substrate integrated waveguide, and can improve the antenna gain while obtaining the wideband performance by optimizing the structure of the radiation slot of the substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of waveguide antennas, and particularly relates to a double-wideband substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna applied to C and Ku bands. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing global development of marine resources and ocean activities, offshore platforms play an increasingly important role in energy exploitation, environmental monitoring and other fields. The communication environment of offshore platforms is complex, which requires both long-distance two-way communication with land base stations or satellites and high-bandwidth local data transmission within and around the platform.

[0003] Meanwhile, in terms of antenna design, an antenna system capable of adapting to multiple application scenarios has become an important direction of current communication research. Therefore, for offshore platforms, designing a double-wideband antenna combining the advantages of long-distance transmission in the C band and high-bandwidth transmission demand in the Ku band can reduce the complexity of multi-band antenna systems and improve the efficiency and flexibility of offshore platform communication systems.

[0004] Currently, substrate integrated waveguide antennas have become an ideal choice to solve this demand due to their compact structure, low loss and high integration. Substrate integrated waveguide antennas ensure efficient energy transmission by confining electromagnetic waves within the substrate, making them particularly suitable for long-range communication systems. However, due to the single resonant mode and high Q value of traditional standing wave type substrate integrated waveguide slot antennas, their bandwidth is often narrow, which limits the working efficiency of the antenna in multiple frequency bands. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems existing in the related art.

[0006] One object of the present application is to provide a double-wideband substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna applied to C and Ku bands, which significantly improves the bandwidth of the antenna by fusing multiple resonant modes of the substrate integrated waveguide, and improves the antenna gain while obtaining wideband performance by optimizing the structure of the substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna radiation slot.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a double-wideband substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna, comprising a circular dielectric substrate, the upper layer and the lower layer of the dielectric substrate are respectively covered with a first metal layer and a second metal layer, and the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the dielectric substrate together form an antenna unit;

[0008] A plurality of metalized through holes are arranged on the outer circle of the antenna unit, so that the antenna unit forms a substrate integrated waveguide structure;

[0009] The first metal layer and the second metal layer are provided with a feed hole for feeding a probe; and a plurality of metalized short-circuit through holes are provided on the first metal layer and around the feed hole.

[0010] The first metal layer is provided with a plurality of slits of different shapes, and the metalized short-circuit through holes are located between the slits.

[0011] The first metal layer is provided with an octagonal ring-shaped slot and a circular ring-shaped slot as antenna slits.

[0012] The circular ring-shaped slot is located in the inner circle of the octagonal ring-shaped slot.

[0013] The inner circle of the circular ring-shaped slot is further provided with four rectangular slots, which are evenly distributed radially and have one short side away from the feed hole coinciding with the circular ring-shaped slot.

[0014] The metalized short-circuit through holes are four in number and are located between every two adjacent rectangular slots.

[0015] The octagonal ring-shaped slot is formed by coaxially overlapping two octagons of different areas and cutting off the overlapping part.

[0016] The circular ring-shaped slot is formed by coaxially overlapping two circles of different areas and cutting off the overlapping part.

[0017] The metalized through hole penetrates the first metal layer, the dielectric substrate and the second metal layer to form a sidewall of a substrate integrated waveguide structure.

[0018] The metalized through hole is symmetrically distributed around the center of the antenna, has a radius of 0.5 mm, and adjacent metalized through holes have an included angle of 5° with respect to the center of the antenna unit.

[0019] The dielectric substrate is made of a high-frequency board material, has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009.

[0020] The first metal layer and the second metal layer are both made of copper material.

[0021] The antenna is made by a printed circuit board process.

[0022] Beneficial effects: (1) The substrate integrated waveguide technology is adopted to construct a circular substrate integrated waveguide antenna, which solves the problem of narrow bandwidth of a traditional back cavity slot antenna and greatly expands the bandwidth of the antenna while maintaining high gain.

[0023] (2) The antenna can realize the advantages of long-distance transmission of C band (6.76-8.22 GHz, 19.49% of relative impedance bandwidth) and the high-bandwidth transmission demand of Ku band (14.14-18.09 GHz, 24.51% of relative impedance bandwidth) at the same time, and realizes double broadband coverage.

[0024] (3) The application improves the matching performance of the antenna by introducing four rectangular slots symmetrical to the center of the antenna.

[0025] In summary, the application precisely controls the electromagnetic field distribution by loading a short-circuit via in the circular substrate integrated waveguide cavity, the loading of the short-circuit via makes the TM 01 mode of the circular substrate integrated waveguide cavity move up and fuse with the TM 02 mode of the circular patch, thereby generating a low-frequency wideband; the wideband of the high-frequency band is mainly generated by the mutual coupling effect of the two annular slots. The design ensures the expansion of the bandwidth while solving the mutual interference problem among multiple modes, ensuring stable resonance and high-efficiency communication performance of the antenna in the dual-frequency band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the antenna in the embodiment of the application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a |S11| simulation result diagram of the antenna in the embodiment of the application.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a gain simulation result diagram of the antenna in the embodiment of the application.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a radiation pattern of the antenna at 7 GHz in the embodiment of the application.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a radiation pattern of the antenna at 8 GHz in the embodiment of the application.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a radiation pattern of the antenna at 15.1 GHz in the embodiment of the application.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a radiation pattern of the antenna at 17.8 GHz in the embodiment of the application.

[0033] Wherein, 1 is an octagonal annular slot, 2 is a circular annular slot, 3 is a first metal layer, 4 is a dielectric substrate, 5 is a second metal layer, 6 is a metalized via, 7 is a rectangular slot, 8 is a metalized short-circuit via, and 9 is a coaxial feeding probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms used are only for the purpose of description and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] The present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present application. Figures 1-7 The application discloses a double-wideband substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna applied to C band and Ku band.

[0036] In view of the problems existing in the traditional substrate integrated waveguide antenna, through a large number of experimental researches, it is found that the bandwidth of the antenna can be significantly improved by fusing multiple resonance modes of the substrate integrated waveguide, and the structure of the radiation slot of the substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna is optimized and designed, so that the wideband performance is obtained and the antenna gain is improved, and therefore the present application provides the following specific embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment: The present embodiment provides a double-wideband substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna, as shown in the accompanying drawings, which comprises a circular dielectric substrate 4. Figure 1 The dielectric substrate 4 adopts Rogers RT / Duroid 5880 high-frequency plate material, the relative dielectric constant is 2.2, the loss tangent is 0.0009, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1.575 mm. The upper and lower layers of the dielectric substrate 4 are respectively provided with a first metal layer 3 and a second metal layer 5.

[0038] The first metal layer 3 and the second metal layer 5 are both copper materials. The first metal layer 3 is placed on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate 4 and has a thickness of 0.035 mm; the second metal layer 5 is placed on the lower layer of the dielectric substrate 4 and has a thickness of 0.035 mm.

[0039] The first metal layer 3, the second metal layer 5 and the dielectric substrate 4 together form an antenna unit. The antenna unit is provided with a plurality of metalized through holes 6 at the outer ring, so that the antenna unit forms a substrate integrated waveguide structure. The substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is a new waveguide structure that can be integrated in a dielectric substrate and has the characteristics of low insertion loss, low radiation and high power capacity, which is proposed in recent years. The purpose is to realize the function of traditional metal waveguide on the dielectric substrate. It can effectively realize passive and active integration, miniaturize the microwave and millimeter wave system, and even manufacture the entire microwave and millimeter wave system in a package.

[0040] The metalized through holes 6 are symmetrically distributed around the center of the antenna unit, forming the side wall of the substrate integrated waveguide structure. The radius of the metalized through hole 6 is 0.5mm, the height is 1.575mm, the distance from the center of the antenna unit is 18.395mm, and the angle between adjacent metalized through holes 6 relative to the center of the antenna unit is 5°.

[0041] The first metal layer 3 and the second metal layer 5 are provided with a feed hole for feeding the probe 9.

[0042] A plurality of metalized short-circuit through holes 8 are provided on the first metal layer 3 with the feed hole as the center and the circumference, penetrating the entire antenna unit, with a radius of 0.348mm, a height of 1.575mm, a distance from the center of the antenna of 6.71mm, and an angle between adjacent metalized short-circuit through holes 8 relative to the center of the antenna of 90°. The metalized short-circuit through hole 8 adjusts the electric field distribution in the cavity, enhances the electric field intensity of the circular substrate integrated waveguide cavity TM 01 mode at low frequency, thereby generating a low-frequency resonance point.

[0043] A plurality of slits of different shapes are provided on the first metal layer 3: including one octagonal ring-shaped groove 1, one circular ring-shaped groove 2, and four rectangular grooves 7, as antenna slots. The circular ring-shaped groove 2 is located in the inner ring of the octagonal ring-shaped groove 1, and the rectangular groove 7 is located in the inner ring of the circular ring-shaped groove 2.

[0044] The octagonal ring-shaped groove 1 is a ring-shaped structure formed by overlapping two octagons of different areas and cutting off the overlapping part. The octagon is obtained by rotating a square around the center by 45°, and the outer octagon is composed of two squares with a side length of 21.85mm, and the inner octagon is composed of two squares with a side length of 19.65mm.

[0045] The circular ring-shaped slot 2 is formed by coaxially overlapping two circles with different areas, and then cutting off the overlapping part.

[0046] The four rectangular slots 7 are evenly distributed radially with the feed hole on the first metal layer 3 as the center, and a short edge away from the feed hole coincides with the circular ring-shaped slot 2. The length of the rectangular slot 7 is 6 mm, the width is 1.47 mm, and the included angle between adjacent rectangular slots with respect to the center of the antenna is 90°.

[0047] The coaxial feed probe 9 is located at the center of the antenna unit, with a radius of 0.23 mm and a height of 1.575 mm. The feed port is provided on the second metal layer 5, and the antenna is made of printed circuit board technology.

[0048] The performance of the antenna of the embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2 , the reflection coefficient |S 11 | simulation result diagram of the double-wideband substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna applied to the C band and the Ku band of the embodiment, the low-frequency gain range is 4.08-7.09 dBi, and the high-frequency gain range is 5.54-9.5 dBi.

[0050] As shown in Figure 3 , the reflection coefficient |S 11 | simulation result diagram of the double-wideband substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna applied to the C band and the Ku band of the embodiment, the low-frequency gain range is 4.08-7.09 dBi, and the high-frequency gain range is 5.54-9.5 dBi.

[0051] As shown in Figures 4-7 , the reflection coefficient |S 11 | simulation result diagram of the double-wideband substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna applied to the C band and the Ku band of the embodiment, the low-frequency gain range is 4.08-7.09 dBi, and the high-frequency gain range is 5.54-9.5 dBi.

[0052] In this embodiment, the description of "up" and "down" is only used to describe the application and simplify the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying that a device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] It should be pointed out finally that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit the same; and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features thereof can be replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A double wideband substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna, comprising a circular dielectric substrate, an upper layer and a lower layer of the dielectric substrate are respectively covered with a first metal layer and a second metal layer, the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the dielectric substrate together form an antenna unit; characterized in that: a plurality of metalized through holes are arranged on the outer ring of the antenna unit, so that the antenna unit forms a substrate integrated waveguide structure; a feed hole for a feed probe is arranged in the center of the first metal layer and the second metal layer; a plurality of metalized short-circuit through holes are arranged on the first metal layer with the feed hole as the center and the circumference; a plurality of slits of different shapes are arranged on the first metal layer, and the metalized short-circuit through holes are located between the slits; an octagonal ring-shaped groove and a circular ring-shaped groove are arranged on the first metal layer as antenna slots; the circular ring-shaped groove is located in the inner ring of the octagonal ring-shaped groove, and four rectangular grooves are arranged in the inner ring of the circular ring-shaped groove, which are evenly distributed radially with the feed hole on the first metal layer as the center, and a short side far away from the feed hole coincides with the circular ring-shaped groove.

2. The dual wideband substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna of claim 1, wherein, The metalized short-circuit through holes are four, which are respectively located between every two adjacent rectangular grooves.

3. The dual wideband substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna of claim 1, wherein, The octagonal ring-shaped groove is a ring structure formed by overlapping two octagons of different areas coaxially and cutting off the overlapping part; The circular ring-shaped groove is a ring structure formed by overlapping two circles of different areas coaxially and cutting off the overlapping part.

4. The dual wideband substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna of claim 1, wherein, The metalized through holes pass through the first metal layer, the dielectric substrate and the second metal layer, forming the side wall of the substrate integrated waveguide structure.

5. The dual wideband substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna of claim 4, wherein, The metalized through holes are symmetrically distributed with respect to the center of the antenna, the radius of the metalized through holes is 0.5 mm, and the included angle between adjacent metalized through holes with respect to the center of the antenna unit is 5°.

6. The dual wideband substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The dielectric substrate is made of high-frequency board material, the relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent is 0.0009.

7. The dual wideband substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The first metal layer and the second metal layer are both made of copper material.

8. The dual wideband substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The antenna is made by printed circuit board process.

Images