Multi-row width synchronously adjustable ridge and furrow rotary tillage stubble cleaning operation machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-row width synchronously adjustable ridge and furrow rotary tillage stubble cleaning operation machine, and belongs to agricultural machinery. A multi-row width adjusting driving mechanism composed of a vertical left sliding rail, a vertical right sliding rail, a row spacing synchronous adjusting control panel, a lead screw, a lead screw upper seat, a lead screw lower seat and a stepping motor and a multi-row width adjusting mechanism composed of a horizontal sliding rail, an L-shaped row spacing adjusting column and a cylindrical pin are installed on a plate type rack. A ridge platform rotary tillage stubble cleaning cutter and a furrow rotary tillage stubble cleaning cutter are arranged on the L-shaped line spacing adjusting column through a sleeve seat; the ridge platform rotary tillage stubble cleaning cutter consists of a cylindrical driving sleeve, a ridge platform cutter head, a ridge platform cutter, an upper adjusting driving disc, an upper column, an upper knob and an upper jackscrew; the furrow rotary tillage stubble cleaning cutter consists of a driving shaft, a furrow cutter head, a furrow cutter, a lower adjusting driving disc, a lower column, a lower knob and a lower jackscrew; the power transmission mechanism is composed of an L-shaped seat plate, a spline shaft, an inner spline sleeve, a power input shaft, a transmission shaft, a support, a gear I, a gear II, a gear III, a gear IV and a gear V; the machine meets the requirements of ridge culture, rotary tillage, stubble cleaning and soil preparation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a ridge platform and ridge furrow rotary tillage and stubble-killing operation machine with multi-row widths that can be adjusted synchronously, which is used in ridge farming technology. Background Art

[0002] The ridge planting method is an agronomic technique used for many years in high-altitude cold regions in my country, such as the Northeast. Due to its characteristics of wind protection, low temperature improvement, and moisture conservation, this planting method has been used to this day and is still the main method of dryland planting in the vast rural areas of Northeast my country. In recent years, with the large-scale promotion and application of rotary tillage and stubble removal technology, rotary tillage and stubble removal equipment has developed rapidly. However, since the existing rotary tillage and stubble removal machines all use L-shaped or Y-shaped rotary tillage and stubble removal cutters to rotate vertically for land rotary tillage and stubble removal operations, they are mainly suitable for land use in flat planting methods, and are not suitable for ridge land operations. In addition, the operating width cannot be adjusted according to the ridge spacing, and the operating effect and adaptability are poor. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and in combination with the actual needs of rotary tillage and stubble removal operations in ridge planting mode, to study and design a ridge platform and ridge ditch rotary tillage and stubble removal operation machine with synchronously adjustable width, so as to adapt to and meet the needs of rotary tillage and stubble removal operations on ridge land, have good operation quality, high operation efficiency, realize synchronous adjustment of multi-row width, and have simple, convenient and fast adjustment operation, wide range of applicability and strong capability.

[0004] The purpose of the invention is achieved in this way: vertical left slide rails and vertical right slide rails are respectively fixedly mounted in parallel on the rear walls of the left and right ends of the plate-type frame, and a row spacing synchronous adjustment control plate can be snap-fitted and mounted on the vertical left slide rail and the vertical right slide rail for reciprocating movement up and down; a vertical spiral hole and four outwardly inclined long strip slide holes are provided on the row spacing synchronous adjustment control plate; a lead screw upper seat and a lead screw lower seat are respectively fixedly mounted symmetrically on the upper and lower parts of the right end of the plate-type frame, the lead screw is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the lead screw upper seat and the lead screw lower seat, a stepping motor fixedly mounted on the lead screw upper seat is connected to the lead screw, and the lead screw is rotationally inserted and matched with the threaded hole on the row spacing synchronous adjustment control plate; on the rear wall of the plate frame, between the vertical left slide rail and the vertical right A horizontal slide rail is fixedly installed between the slide rails, and four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns are installed in sequence on the horizontal slide rail so as to be evenly distributed from left to right and can be laterally moved. Four cylindrical pins are respectively fixedly installed on the four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns, and the four cylindrical pins are respectively movably inserted into four outwardly inclined long sliding holes on the row spacing synchronous adjustment control plate in sequence; sleeve seats are respectively fixedly installed on the bottoms of the four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns, and a cylindrical drive sleeve is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the sleeve seat, and a drive shaft is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the cylindrical drive sleeve cavity; a bevel gear I and a ridge table cutter disc are respectively fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical drive sleeve, and a ridge table cutter disc is installed on the ridge table cutter disc so as to be radially telescopically movable and adjustable; An upper adjusting drive disk and an upper knob are rotatably mounted on the upper portion of the ridge cutter disc from bottom to top in sequence, the upper adjusting drive disk is fixedly connected to the upper knob as a whole, the upper knob is locked with the cylindrical driving sleeve by using an upper top screw, an involute through hole is provided on the upper adjusting drive disk, and an upper column fixedly mounted on the ridge cutter can be slidably inserted into the involute through hole on the upper adjusting drive disk; bevel gear II and a furrow cutter disc are respectively fixedly mounted on the upper and lower ends of the driving shaft, above the bevel gear I and below the ridge cutter disc, a furrow cutter which can be radially telescopically moved and adjusted is installed on the furrow cutter disc, a lower adjusting drive disk and a lower knob are rotatably mounted on the driving shaft, above the furrow cutter disc, from bottom to top in sequence, the lower adjusting drive disk is fixedly connected to the lower knob as a whole, and the lower knob is locked with the cylindrical driving sleeve by using an upper top screw, an involute through hole is provided on the upper adjusting drive disk, and an upper column fixedly mounted on the ridge cutter can be slidably inserted into the involute through hole on the upper adjusting drive disk; bevel gear II and a furrow cutter disc are respectively fixedly mounted on the upper and lower ends of the driving shaft, above the bevel gear I and below the ridge cutter disc, a furrow cutter which can be radially telescopically moved and adjusted is installed on the furrow cutter disc The top screw locks the lower knob and the drive shaft, and an involute through hole is provided on the lower adjustment drive disk. The lower column fixed on the furrow knife can be slidably inserted into the involute through hole on the lower adjustment drive disk; L-shaped seat plates are fixed on the four sleeves respectively, and spline shafts are inserted on the four L-shaped seat plates in an axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable manner. Internal spline sleeves are axially movably mounted on the opposite sides of adjacent spline shafts, and bevel gears V are fixed on the four spline shafts respectively. The transmission shaft is rotatably supported and installed on the sleeve by a bracket, and bevel gears III and bevel gears IV are fixed on the two ends of the transmission shaft respectively; the bevel gear V is meshed with bevel gear IV, and bevel gear III is meshed with bevel gear II and bevel gear I respectively; the power input shaft is coaxially connected to a spline shaft at the end;The outer diameter of the ridge blade is larger than the outer diameter of the furrow blade, thus forming a ridge blade furrow rotary tillage and stubble-removing machine with multi-row widths that can be adjusted synchronously.

[0005] The invention is based on the ridge planting method, and adopts ridge platform knives and ridge ditch knives that are configured upper and lower and rotate horizontally to synchronously complete the rotary tillage and stubble killing operations on the ridge platform and ridge ditch parts respectively, and realizes the synchronous adjustment of multiple row widths by the up and down movement of the row spacing synchronous adjustment control plate and the horizontal lateral movement of the L-shaped row spacing adjustment column, which meets the needs of rotary tillage and stubble killing operations on land in the ridge planting method. The structure is novel, unique and reasonable, the operation quality is good, the operation efficiency is high, the adjustment operation is simple, convenient and fast, the application range is wide, and the adaptability is strong, which provides technical support for efficient and high-quality mechanized rotary tillage and stubble killing operations on land in the ridge planting method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ridge platform and furrow rotary tillage and stubble-killing machine with multi-row widths that can be adjusted synchronously;

[0007] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional overall structural schematic diagram of a multi-row ridge platform and furrow rotary tillage and stubble-killing machine with synchronously adjustable width;

[0008] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0009] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of

[0010] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure after some parts are disassembled.

[0011] Description of part numbers in the figure:

[0012] 1. Stepper motor, 2. Upper seat of lead screw, 3. Plate frame, 4. Lead screw, 5. Row spacing synchronous adjustment control board, 6. Vertical right slide rail, 7. Lower seat of lead screw, 8. L-shaped row spacing adjustment column, 9. Ridge knife, 10. Ridge knife disc, 11. Upper adjustment drive disc, 12. Upper knob, 13. Drive shaft, 14. Cylinder drive sleeve, 15. Sleeve seat, 16. Bevel gear I, 17. Ridge knife, 18. Lower adjustment drive disc, 19 , lower knob, 20, bevel gear II, 21, bevel gear III, 22, bevel gear IV, 23, bevel gear V, 24, spline shaft, 25, cylindrical pin, 26, vertical left slide rail, 27, horizontal slide rail, 28, inner spline sleeve, 29, transmission shaft, 30, L-shaped seat plate, 31, power input shaft, 32, furrow cutter disc, 33, upper column, 34, lower column, 35, upper top screw, 36, lower top screw, 37, bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The following is a detailed description of the implementation scheme of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A multi-row ridge platform ridge furrow rotary tillage stubble-killing machine with synchronously adjustable width, a vertical left slide rail 26 and a vertical right slide rail 6 are respectively fixedly mounted in parallel on the rear wall surfaces of the left and right ends of a plate-type frame 3, a row spacing synchronous adjustment control panel 5 is snap-fitted and mounted on the vertical left slide rail 26 and the vertical right slide rail 6 so as to be reciprocatingly movable up and down, a vertical spiral hole and four outwardly inclined long strip slide holes are provided on the row spacing synchronous adjustment control panel 5, a lead screw upper seat 2 and a lead screw lower seat 7 are respectively fixedly mounted symmetrically on the upper and lower parts of the right end of the plate-type frame 3, a lead screw 4 is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the lead screw upper seat 2 and the lead screw lower seat 7, a stepper motor 1 fixedly mounted on the lead screw upper seat 2 is connected to the lead screw 4, and the lead screw 4 is connected to the row The threaded holes on the synchronous spacing adjustment control plate 5 are rotatably inserted and matched; a horizontal slide rail 27 is fixedly installed on the rear wall of the plate frame 3, between the vertical left slide rail 26 and the vertical right slide rail 6, and four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns 8 are evenly distributed and can be installed in sequence on the horizontal slide rail 27 from left to right and can be moved laterally. Four cylindrical pins 25 are respectively fixed on the four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns 8, and the four cylindrical pins 25 are respectively movably inserted into the four outwardly inclined long slide holes on the synchronous spacing adjustment control plate 5; sleeve seats 15 are respectively fixed on the bottom of the four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns 8, and the cylindrical drive sleeve 14 is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the sleeve seat 15, and the drive shaft 13 is axially and radially positioned. It is inserted into the cylinder cavity of the cylindrical drive sleeve 14 for positioning in the circumferential direction and rotatably installed in the cylinder, and a bevel gear I16 and a ridge platform cutter disc 10 are respectively fixed on the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical drive sleeve 14. A ridge platform knife 9 is installed on the ridge platform cutter disc 10 so as to be radially telescopic, movable and adjustable. An upper adjusting drive disc 11 and an upper knob 12 are rotatably installed on the cylindrical drive sleeve 14 at a position above the ridge platform cutter disc 10 from bottom to top in sequence, and the upper adjusting drive disc 11 is fixedly connected with the upper knob 12 as a whole, and the upper knob 12 is locked with the cylindrical drive sleeve 14 by an upper top screw 35. An involute through hole is provided on the upper adjusting drive disc 11, and an upper column 33 fixed on the ridge platform knife 9 can be slidably inserted into the involute through hole on the upper adjusting drive disc 11 On the upper and lower ends of the drive shaft 13, bevel gears II20 and furrow cutter discs 32 are respectively fixedly mounted above the bevel gear I16 and below the ridge cutter disc 10, and a furrow cutter 17 is installed on the furrow cutter disc 32 so as to be radially telescopically movable and adjustable. On the drive shaft 13, a lower adjustment drive disc 18 and a lower knob 19 are rotatably mounted from bottom to top in sequence at a position above the furrow cutter disc 32. The lower adjustment drive disc 18 is fixedly connected with the lower knob 19 as a whole, and the lower knob 19 is locked with the drive shaft 13 by a lower top screw 36. An involute through hole is provided on the lower adjustment drive disc 18, and a lower column 34 fixedly mounted on the furrow cutter 17 is slidably inserted into the involute through hole on the lower adjustment drive disc 18;L-shaped seat plates 30 are fixed on four sleeves 15 respectively, spline shafts 24 are inserted on four L-shaped seat plates 34 in an axial and radial positioning and circumferentially rotatable manner, and inner spline sleeves 28 are axially movable on the opposite sides of adjacent spline shafts 24. Bevel gears V23 are fixed on four spline shafts 24 respectively, and a transmission shaft 29 is rotatably supported and installed on the sleeve 15 through a bracket 37. Bevel gears III21 and IV22 are fixed on both ends of the transmission shaft 29 respectively; the bevel gear V23 is meshed with bevel gear IV22, and bevel gear III21 is meshed with bevel gear II20 and bevel gear I 16 respectively; the power input shaft 31 is coaxially connected to a spline shaft 24 at the end; the outer diameter of the ridge table knife 9 is larger than the outer diameter of the ridge ditch knife 17. ;

[0014] During operation, the operating machine is suspended and connected to the rear side of the traction tractor through the plate frame 3 and moves forward with it, and the furrow knife 17 is placed in the furrow of the ridge cultivation method. At this time, the ridge platform knife 9 is located on the upper part of the ridge platform, and the external rotational power drives the transmission shaft 29 to rotate through the power input shaft 31, the spline shaft 24, the internal spline sleeve 28, the bevel gear V23, and the bevel gear IV22 in sequence. The rotating transmission shaft 29 drives the bevel gear II20 and the bevel gear I16 to rotate respectively through the bevel gear III21. Among them, the bevel gear II20 drives the furrow knife 17 to rotate through the drive shaft 13 and the furrow cutter disc 32 in sequence, completing the rotary tillage and stubble killing operation of the furrow part. At the same time, the bevel gear I16 drives the ridge platform knife 9 to rotate through the cylindrical drive sleeve 14 and the ridge platform knife disc 10 in sequence, completing the rotary tillage and stubble killing operation of the ridge platform part. When the diameters of the ridge platform knife 9 and the furrow knife 17 need to be adjusted according to the ridge width, first loosen the upper top screw 35, turn the upper knob 12 by hand and drive the upper adjustment drive disk 11 to rotate, and the upper column 33 slides inside the upper adjustment drive disk 11 under the action of the involute through hole on the upper adjustment drive disk 11, and the upper column 33 drives the ridge platform knife 9 to radially extend or retract on the ridge platform knife disk 10 to complete the diameter change of the ridge platform knife 9, and then lock it with the upper top screw 35 after adjustment; then loosen the lower top screw 36, turn the lower knob 19 by hand, and drive the lower adjustment drive disk 18 to rotate, and under the action of the involute through hole on the lower adjustment drive disk 18, the lower column 34 slides inside it, and the lower column 34 drives the furrow knife 17 to radially extend or retract on the furrow knife disk 32 to complete the diameter change adjustment of the furrow knife 17, and then lock it with the lower top screw 36.

[0015] When multi-row width adjustment is required, the stepper motor 1 is started to drive the lead screw 4 to rotate. The rotating lead screw 4 drives the row spacing adjustment control board 5 to move upward or downward relative to the plate frame 3 on the vertical left slide rail 26 and the vertical right slide rail 6. Under the control of the four outward-inclined long slide holes on the row spacing synchronous adjustment control board 5, the four cylindrical pins 25 are used to drive the four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns 8 to move inward or outward on the horizontal slide rail 27. The four sleeves 15 are used to drive the four cylindrical drive sleeves 14, the drive shaft 13, the L-shaped seat plate 30 and the various components thereon to move inward or outward together, so as to complete the synchronous adjustment of reducing or increasing the width of the multi-row operation.

Claims

1. A multi-row ridge platform and furrow rotary tillage and stubble-killing machine with synchronously adjustable width, characterized in that: A vertical left slide rail (26) and a vertical right slide rail (6) are respectively fixedly mounted in parallel on the rear wall surfaces of the left and right ends of the plate-type frame (3); a line spacing synchronous adjustment control plate (5) is snap-fitted and mounted on the vertical left slide rail (26) and the vertical right slide rail (6) so as to be reciprocatingly movable up and down; a vertical spiral hole and four outwardly inclined long strip slide holes are provided on the line spacing synchronous adjustment control plate (5); a lead screw upper seat (2) and a lead screw lower seat (7) are respectively fixedly mounted in symmetry on the upper and lower parts of the right end of the plate-type frame (3); the lead screw (4) is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted into the lead screw upper seat (2) and the lower seat (7) of the lead screw, the stepping motor (1) fixedly mounted on the upper seat (2) of the lead screw is connected to the lead screw (4), and the lead screw (4) is rotationally inserted into the threaded hole on the line spacing synchronous adjustment control plate (5); a horizontal slide rail (27) is fixedly mounted on the rear wall surface of the plate frame (3) at a position between the vertical left slide rail (26) and the vertical right slide rail (6), and four L-shaped line spacing adjustment columns (8) are evenly distributed from left to right and can be laterally moved in sequence on the horizontal slide rail (27), and four cylindrical pins (25) are respectively fixedly mounted on the four L-shaped line spacing adjustment columns (8), and the four The cylindrical pins (25) are movably inserted into four outwardly inclined long sliding holes on the row spacing synchronization adjustment control plate (5) in sequence; the sleeve seats (15) are fixedly installed on the bottoms of the four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns (8); the cylindrical drive sleeve (14) is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the sleeve seat (15); the drive shaft (13) is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the cylinder cavity of the cylindrical drive sleeve (14); the bevel gear I (16) and the ridge platform cutter disc (10) are fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical drive sleeve (14); the ridge platform cutter disc (10) can be rotated on the ridge platform cutter disc (10). A radially telescopically movable ridge cutter (9) is installed, wherein an upper adjusting drive disk (11) and an upper knob (12) are rotatably mounted on a cylindrical drive sleeve (14) at a position above the ridge cutter disk (10) from bottom to top, wherein the upper adjusting drive disk (11) and the upper knob (12) are integrally connected, and the upper knob (12) and the cylindrical drive sleeve (14) are locked by an upper top screw (35). An involute through hole is provided on the upper adjusting drive disk (11), and an upper column (33) fixed on the ridge cutter (9) is slidably inserted into the involute through hole on the upper adjusting drive disk (11);A bevel gear II (20) and a furrow cutter disc (32) are fixedly mounted on the upper and lower ends of the drive shaft (13), above the bevel gear I (16) and below the furrow cutter disc (10), respectively; a furrow cutter (17) is mounted on the furrow cutter disc (32) so as to be radially telescopically movable and adjustable; a lower adjustable drive disc (18) and a lower knob (19) are rotatably mounted on the drive shaft (13) above the furrow cutter disc (32) from bottom to top; the lower adjustable drive disc (18) and the lower knob (19) are fixedly connected as one body; the lower knob (19) and the drive shaft (13) are locked by a lower top screw (36); an involute through hole is provided on the lower adjustable drive disc (18); a lower column (34) fixedly mounted on the furrow cutter (17) is slidably inserted into the involute through hole on the lower adjustable drive disc (18); and four sleeves (15) are respectively fixedly mounted. L-shaped seat plate (30), spline shafts (24) are inserted on four L-shaped seat plates (34) in an axial and radial positioning and circumferentially rotatable manner, inner spline sleeves (28) are axially movably mounted on the opposite sides of adjacent spline shafts (24), bevel gears V (23) are fixed on the four spline shafts (24), and a transmission shaft (29) is rotatably supported and installed on the sleeve seat (15) through a bracket (37), and bevel gears III (21) and IV (22) are respectively fixed on the two ends of the transmission shaft (29); the bevel gear V (23) is meshed with the bevel gear IV (22), and the bevel gear III (21) is respectively meshed with the bevel gear II (20) and the bevel gear I (16); the power input shaft (31) is coaxially connected to a spline shaft (24) at the end; the outer diameter of the ridge table knife (9) is larger than the outer diameter of the ridge ditch knife (17). ;

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