A rotary tillage and stubble cleaning machine for ridge and furrow with adjustable multi-row width and synchronous adjustment

Abstract

A multi-row width synchronously adjustable ridging furrow rotary tillage stubble cleaning operation machine belongs to agricultural machinery. A multi-row width adjustment driving mechanism composed of vertical left and right slide rails, row spacing synchronous adjustment control plates, lead screws, upper and lower seats of the lead screws, and stepping motors is respectively installed on a plate-type frame, and a multi-row width adjustment mechanism composed of horizontal slide rails, L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns, and cylindrical pins is installed. On the L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns, a ridging rotary tillage stubble cleaning knife composed of a cylindrical driving sleeve, a ridging cutter head, ridging knives, an upper adjustment driving disc, an upper column, an upper knob, and an upper top screw and a furrow rotary tillage stubble cleaning knife composed of a driving shaft, a furrow cutter head, furrow knives, a lower adjustment driving disc, a lower column, a lower knob, and a lower top screw are installed through socket seats. A power transmission mechanism composed of an L-shaped seat plate, a spline shaft, an internal spline sleeve, a power input shaft, a transmission shaft, a bracket, and gears I, II, III, IV, and V is provided. This machine meets the requirements of ridging rotary tillage stubble cleaning and land preparation operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a rotary tillage and stubble cleaning operation machine for ridge tillage agronomic techniques, with multiple rows and a width that can be synchronously adjusted for ridge and furrow operations. Background Art

[0002] The ridge tillage planting method is an agronomic technique that has been used in cold regions such as Northeast China for many years. Due to its characteristics of wind prevention, low temperature increase, soil moisture conservation, etc., this planting method has been used until now and is still the main way of dryland planting in vast rural areas of Northeast China. In recent years, with the large-scale popularization and application of rotary tillage and stubble cleaning tillage techniques, rotary tillage and stubble cleaning operation machines have developed rapidly. However, since the existing rotary tillage and stubble cleaning machines all use L-shaped or Y-shaped rotary tillage and stubble cleaning tools to rotate vertically for land rotary tillage and stubble cleaning operations, they are mainly suitable for land use in flat tillage planting methods and are not suitable for ridge tillage land operations. Moreover, the working width cannot be adjusted according to the ridge spacing, resulting in poor working effects and adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Combining the actual needs of rotary tillage and stubble cleaning tillage operations in ridge tillage planting methods, a rotary tillage and stubble cleaning operation machine for multiple rows with a width that can be synchronously adjusted for ridges and furrows is studied and designed. The machine aims to meet the needs of rotary tillage and stubble cleaning operations on ridge tillage land, with good working quality, high working efficiency, synchronous adjustment of multiple rows and widths, simple, convenient, and fast adjustment operations, a wide range of applications, and strong capabilities.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: on the rear walls of the left and right ends of the plate-type frame, a vertically left slide rail and a vertically right slide rail are fixedly installed in parallel respectively. The row-spacing synchronous adjustment control plate is snap-fitted on the vertically left slide rail and the vertically right slide rail so as to be reciprocally movable up and down. On the row-spacing synchronous adjustment control plate, a vertical spiral hole and four outwardly inclined long slide holes are provided. On the upper and lower parts of the right end of the plate-type frame, a lead screw upper seat and a lead screw lower seat are fixedly installed symmetrically respectively. The lead screw is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the lead screw upper seat and the lead screw lower seat. The stepping motor fixedly installed on the lead screw upper seat is connected to the lead screw. The lead screw is rotationally inserted and matched with the threaded hole on the row-spacing synchronous adjustment control plate; on the rear wall of the plate-type frame, at the position between the vertically left slide rail and the vertically right slide rail, a horizontal slide rail is fixedly installed. On the horizontal slide rail, four L-shaped row-spacing adjustment columns are evenly distributed from left to right and are installed so as to be laterally movable in sequence. Four cylindrical pins are fixedly installed on the four L-shaped row-spacing adjustment columns respectively. The four cylindrical pins are respectively movably inserted into the four outwardly inclined long slide holes on the row-spacing synchronous adjustment control plate in sequence; on the bottoms of the four L-shaped row-spacing adjustment columns, socket seats are fixedly installed respectively. The cylindrical drive sleeve is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the socket seat. The drive shaft is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted into the cavity of the cylindrical drive sleeve. On the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical drive sleeve, a bevel gear I and a ridging cutter disc are fixedly installed respectively. On the ridging cutter disc, a ridging cutter is installed so as to be radially telescopic and movable for adjustment. On the cylindrical drive sleeve, at the position above the ridging cutter disc, an upper adjustment drive disc and an upper knob are rotatably sleeved in sequence from bottom to top. The upper adjustment drive disc and the upper knob are integrally fixed. The upper knob is locked with the cylindrical drive sleeve by using an upper set screw. An involute-shaped through hole is formed on the upper adjustment drive disc. The upper column fixedly installed on the ridging cutter is slidably inserted into the involute-shaped through hole on the upper adjustment drive disc; on the upper and lower ends of the drive shaft, at the positions above the bevel gear I and below the ridging cutter disc, a bevel gear II and a furrow cutter disc are fixedly installed respectively. On the furrow cutter disc, a furrow cutter is installed so as to be radially telescopic and movable for adjustment. On the drive shaft, at the position above the furrow cutter disc, a lower adjustment drive disc and a lower knob are rotatably sleeved in sequence from bottom to top. The lower adjustment drive disc and the lower knob are integrally fixed. The lower knob is locked with the drive shaft by using a lower set screw. An involute-shaped through hole is formed on the lower adjustment drive disc. The lower column fixedly installed on the furrow cutter is slidably inserted into the involute-shaped through hole on the lower adjustment drive disc; on the four socket seats, L-shaped seat plates are fixedly installed respectively. On the four L-shaped seat plates, spline shafts are axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted. Inner spline sleeves are axially movable and sleeved on the opposite side parts of adjacent spline shafts. Bevel gears V are fixedly installed on the four spline shafts respectively. A transmission shaft is rotatably supported and installed on the socket seat through a bracket. Bevel gears III and bevel gears IV are fixedly installed on the two ends of the transmission shaft respectively; the bevel gear V meshes with the bevel gear IV, and the bevel gear III meshes with the bevel gear II and the bevel gear I respectively; the power input shaft is coaxially connected with one of the spline shafts at the end;The outer diameter dimension of the ridging blade is larger than that of the furrow blade, thus constituting a ridging and furrowing rotary tillage and stubble cleaning machine with adjustable multi-row width synchronously.

[0005] According to the ridge tillage planting method, the present invention creates a ridging and furrowing rotary tillage and stubble cleaning machine that uses upper and lower configured and horizontally rotating ridging blades and furrow blades to synchronously complete the rotary tillage and stubble cleaning operations on the ridging and furrowing parts respectively. Moreover, the synchronous adjustment of the multi-row width is achieved by the up and down movement of the row width synchronous adjustment control plate and the horizontal lateral movement of the L-shaped row width adjustment column, meeting the needs of the rotary tillage and stubble cleaning operations on the land with the ridge tillage method. The structure is novel, unique, and reasonable, with good operation quality, high operation efficiency, simple, convenient, and fast adjustment operation, wide application range, and strong adaptability, providing technical support for the high-efficiency and high-quality mechanized rotary tillage and stubble cleaning operations on the land with the ridge tillage planting method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ridging and furrowing rotary tillage and stubble cleaning machine with adjustable multi-row width synchronously;

[0007] Figure 2 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a partial section of a ridging and furrowing rotary tillage and stubble cleaning machine with adjustable multi-row width synchronously;

[0008] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the enlarged partial view of part A in

[0009] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the partial sectional view of

[0010] Figure 5 is Figure 3 the structural diagram after removing some parts in

[0011] Description of the part numbers in the figure:

[0012] 1. Stepper motor, 2. Upper seat of the lead screw, 3. Plate-type frame, 4. Lead screw, 5. Row width synchronous adjustment control plate, 6. Right vertical slide rail, 7. Lower seat of the lead screw, 8. L-shaped row width adjustment column, 9. Ridging blade, 10. Ridging blade disc, 11. Upper adjustment drive disc, 12. Upper knob, 13. Drive shaft, 14. Cylindrical drive sleeve, 15. Sleeve seat, 16. Bevel gear I, 17. Furrow blade, 18. Lower adjustment drive disc, 19. Lower knob, 20. Bevel gear II, 21. Bevel gear III, 22. Bevel gear IV, 23. Bevel gear V, 24. Spline shaft, 25. Cylindrical pin, 26. Left vertical slide rail, 27. Horizontal slide rail, 28. Internal spline sleeve, 29. Transmission shaft, 30. L-shaped seat plate, 31. Power input shaft, 32. Furrow blade disc, 33. Upper column, 34. Lower column, 35. Upper set screw, 36. Lower set screw, 37. Bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] The implementation scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A rotary tillage stubble cleaning machine for ridge and furrow with adjustable multi-row width synchronously has a left vertical slide rail 26 and a right vertical slide rail 6 fixedly installed on the rear wall surfaces at the left and right ends of a plate-type frame 3 respectively and in parallel. A row spacing synchronous adjustment control plate 5 is snap-fitted on the left vertical slide rail 26 and the right vertical slide rail 6 so as to be reciprocally movable up and down. There is a vertical spiral hole and four outwardly inclined long slide holes on the row spacing synchronous adjustment control plate 5. At the upper and lower symmetrical positions on the right end of the plate-type frame 3, a lead screw upper seat 2 and a lead screw lower seat 7 are fixedly installed respectively. A lead screw 4 is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted between the lead screw upper seat 2 and the lead screw lower seat 7. A stepping motor 1 fixedly installed on the lead screw upper seat 2 is connected to the lead screw 4. The lead screw 4 is rotatably inserted into the threaded hole on the row spacing synchronous adjustment control plate 5 in a mating manner. A horizontal slide rail 27 is fixedly installed on the rear wall surface of the plate-type frame 3 at the position between the left vertical slide rail 26 and the right vertical slide rail 6. Four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns 8 are evenly arranged from left to right and transversely movable on the horizontal slide rail 27. Four cylindrical pins 25 are fixedly installed on the four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns 8 respectively. The four cylindrical pins 25 are respectively movably inserted into the four outwardly inclined long slide holes on the row spacing synchronous adjustment control plate 5 in sequence. Sleeve seats 15 are fixedly installed at the bottoms of the four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns 8 respectively. A cylindrical drive sleeve 14 is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted into the sleeve seat 15. A drive shaft 13 is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted into the cylindrical cavity of the cylindrical drive sleeve 14. A bevel gear I 16 and a ridge table cutter head 10 are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical drive sleeve 14 respectively. A ridge table cutter 9 is installed on the ridge table cutter head 10 so as to be radially telescopic and movable for adjustment. An upper adjustment drive disc 11 and an upper knob 12 are rotatably sleeved on the cylindrical drive sleeve 14 in sequence from bottom to top at the position above the ridge table cutter head 10. The upper adjustment drive disc 11 and the upper knob 12 are integrally formed. The upper knob 12 is locked with the cylindrical drive sleeve 14 by an upper set screw 35. An involute-shaped through hole is formed on the upper adjustment drive disc 11. An upper column 33 fixedly installed on the ridge table cutter 9 is slidably inserted into the involute-shaped through hole on the upper adjustment drive disc 11. A bevel gear II 20 and a furrow cutter head 32 are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the drive shaft 13 respectively at the positions above the bevel gear I 16 and below the furrow cutter head 10. A furrow cutter 17 is installed on the furrow cutter head 32 so as to be radially telescopic and movable for adjustment. A lower adjustment drive disc 18 and a lower knob 19 are rotatably sleeved on the drive shaft 13 in sequence from bottom to top at the position above the furrow cutter head 32. The lower adjustment drive disc 18 and the lower knob 19 are integrally formed. The lower knob 19 is locked with the drive shaft 13 by a lower set screw 36. An involute-shaped through hole is formed on the lower adjustment drive disc 18. A lower column 34 fixedly installed on the furrow cutter 17 is slidably inserted into the involute-shaped through hole on the lower adjustment drive disc 18.L-shaped seat plates 30 are fixedly installed on four socket seats 15 respectively. Spline shafts 24 are axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on four L-shaped seat plates 34. Internal spline sleeves 28 are axially movably sleeved on opposite side parts of adjacent spline shafts 24. Bevel gears V23 are fixedly installed on four spline shafts 24 respectively. A transmission shaft 29 is rotatably supported and installed on the socket seat 15 through a bracket 37. Bevel gears III21 and bevel gears IV22 are fixedly installed on two end parts of the transmission shaft 29 respectively; the bevel gears V23 are meshed with the bevel gears IV22, and the bevel gears III21 are meshed with the bevel gears II20 and the bevel gears I 16 respectively; a power input shaft 31 is coaxially connected with a spline shaft 24 at one end; the outer diameter dimension of the ridging blade 9 is larger than the outer diameter dimension of the furrow blade 17;

[0014] During operation, the working machine is suspended and connected to the rear side part of a towing tractor through a plate-type frame 3 and moves forward with it. The furrow blade 17 is placed in the furrow of the ridging mode. At this time, the ridging blade 9 is located above the ridge. The externally transmitted rotational power drives the transmission shaft 29 to rotate successively through the power input shaft 31, the spline shaft 24, the internal spline sleeve 28, the bevel gear V23, and the bevel gear IV22. The rotating transmission shaft 29 drives the bevel gears II20 and the bevel gear I 16 to rotate respectively through the bevel gear III21. The bevel gear II20 drives the furrow blade 17 to rotate successively through a drive shaft 13 and a furrow blade disc 32 to complete the rotary tillage and stubble removal operation of the furrow part. At the same time, the bevel gear I 16 drives the ridging blade 9 to rotate successively through a cylindrical drive sleeve 14 and a ridging blade disc 10 to complete the rotary tillage and stubble removal operation of the ridge part. When it is necessary to adjust the diameter dimensions of the ridging blade 9 and the furrow blade 17 according to the ridging width dimension, first loosen the upper set screw 35, manually rotate the upper knob 12 and drive the upper adjusting drive disc 11 to rotate. Under the action of the involute-shaped through hole on the upper adjusting drive disc 11, the upper column 33 slides in it. The upper column 33 drives the ridging blade 9 to perform radial extension or retraction movement on the ridging blade disc 10 to complete the change of the diameter of the ridging blade 9. After adjustment, lock it with the upper set screw 35; then loosen the lower set screw 36, manually rotate the lower knob 19, and drive the lower adjusting drive disc 18 to rotate. Under the action of the involute-shaped through hole on the lower adjusting drive disc 18, the lower column 34 slides in it. The lower column 34 drives the furrow blade 17 to perform radial extension or retraction movement on the furrow blade disc 32 to complete the adjustment of the diameter change of the furrow blade 17, and then lock it with the lower set screw 36.

[0015] When multi-line width adjustment is required, start the stepping motor 1 to drive the lead screw 4 to rotate. The rotating lead screw 4 drives the row spacing adjustment control plate 5 to move up or down relative to the plate-type frame 3 on the vertical left slide rail 26 and the vertical right slide rail 6. Under the control of four outward-inclined long strip sliding holes on the row spacing synchronous adjustment control plate 5, four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns 8 are respectively driven by four cylindrical pins 25 to move inwards or outwards on the horizontal slide rail 27. Four sleeve seats 15 respectively drive four cylindrical drive sleeves 14, drive shafts 13, L-shaped seat plates 30 and all components thereon to move inwards or outwards together, completing the synchronous adjustment of the reduction or increase of the multi-line operation width.

Claims

1. A multi-row ridge platform and furrow rotary tillage and stubble-killing machine with synchronously adjustable width, characterized in that: A vertical left slide rail (26) and a vertical right slide rail (6) are respectively fixedly mounted in parallel on the rear wall surfaces of the left and right ends of the plate-type frame (3); a line spacing synchronous adjustment control plate (5) is snap-fitted and mounted on the vertical left slide rail (26) and the vertical right slide rail (6) so as to be reciprocatingly movable up and down; a vertical spiral hole and four outwardly inclined long strip slide holes are provided on the line spacing synchronous adjustment control plate (5); a lead screw upper seat (2) and a lead screw lower seat (7) are respectively fixedly mounted in symmetry on the upper and lower parts of the right end of the plate-type frame (3); the lead screw (4) is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted into the lead screw upper seat (2) and the lower seat (7) of the lead screw, the stepping motor (1) fixedly mounted on the upper seat (2) of the lead screw is connected to the lead screw (4), and the lead screw (4) is rotationally inserted into the threaded hole on the line spacing synchronous adjustment control plate (5); a horizontal slide rail (27) is fixedly mounted on the rear wall surface of the plate frame (3) at a position between the vertical left slide rail (26) and the vertical right slide rail (6), and four L-shaped line spacing adjustment columns (8) are evenly distributed from left to right and can be laterally moved in sequence on the horizontal slide rail (27), and four cylindrical pins (25) are respectively fixedly mounted on the four L-shaped line spacing adjustment columns (8), and the four The cylindrical pins (25) are movably inserted into four outwardly inclined long sliding holes on the row spacing synchronization adjustment control plate (5) in sequence; the sleeve seats (15) are fixedly installed on the bottoms of the four L-shaped row spacing adjustment columns (8); the cylindrical drive sleeve (14) is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the sleeve seat (15); the drive shaft (13) is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably inserted on the cylinder cavity of the cylindrical drive sleeve (14); the bevel gear I (16) and the ridge platform cutter disc (10) are fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical drive sleeve (14); the ridge platform cutter disc (10) can be rotated on the ridge platform cutter disc (10). A radially telescopically movable ridge cutter (9) is installed, wherein an upper adjusting drive disk (11) and an upper knob (12) are rotatably mounted on a cylindrical drive sleeve (14) at a position above the ridge cutter disk (10) from bottom to top, wherein the upper adjusting drive disk (11) and the upper knob (12) are integrally connected, and the upper knob (12) and the cylindrical drive sleeve (14) are locked by an upper top screw (35). An involute through hole is provided on the upper adjusting drive disk (11), and an upper column (33) fixed on the ridge cutter (9) is slidably inserted into the involute through hole on the upper adjusting drive disk (11);A bevel gear II (20) and a furrow cutter disc (32) are fixedly mounted on the upper and lower ends of the drive shaft (13), above the bevel gear I (16) and below the furrow cutter disc (10), respectively; a furrow cutter (17) is mounted on the furrow cutter disc (32) so as to be radially telescopically movable and adjustable; a lower adjustable drive disc (18) and a lower knob (19) are rotatably mounted on the drive shaft (13) above the furrow cutter disc (32) from bottom to top; the lower adjustable drive disc (18) and the lower knob (19) are fixedly connected as one body; the lower knob (19) and the drive shaft (13) are locked by a lower top screw (36); an involute through hole is provided on the lower adjustable drive disc (18); a lower column (34) fixedly mounted on the furrow cutter (17) is slidably inserted into the involute through hole on the lower adjustable drive disc (18); and four sleeves (15) are respectively fixedly mounted. L-shaped seat plates (30), spline shafts (24) are inserted on four L-shaped seat plates (30) in an axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable manner, inner spline sleeves (28) are axially movably mounted on the opposite sides of adjacent spline shafts (24), bevel gears V (23) are fixedly mounted on the four spline shafts (24), a transmission shaft (29) is rotatably supported and mounted on the sleeve seat (15) through a bracket (37), bevel gears III (21) and bevel gears IV (22) are fixedly mounted on the two ends of the transmission shaft (29), respectively; the bevel gears V (23) are meshed with the bevel gears IV (22), and the bevel gears III (21) are meshed with the bevel gears II (20) and the bevel gears I (16), respectively; the power input shaft (31) is coaxially connected to a spline shaft (24) at the end; the outer diameter of the ridge table knife (9) is larger than the outer diameter of the ridge ditch knife (17). ;

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