Ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed side slope in northwest arid region

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for an artificially disturbed side slope in a northwest arid region. The ecological restoration method comprises three layers of base material structures with different proportions, and the three layers of base material structures sequentially comprise a sub-base layer, a middle base layer and a top base layer from bottom to top; the subbase layer is formed by laying materials including corncob particles and wood fibers; the middle base layer is formed by laying materials including wood fibers and plant seeds; and the top base layer is formed by paving materials including wood fibers and an adhesive. According to the application, the corncob particles are added, and nutrient substances, mineral substances and water absorption of the corncob are utilized to improve the strength of a base layer and certain moisture conservation capacity in the early stage, so that more nutrients are provided for microorganisms of the base material through release of sugar of the corncob particles in the later stage, and the activation performance of the base material is further improved; the moisture conservation capacity of the base material is greatly improved by doping wood fibers, and the compressive strength of the base material is improved by utilizing staggering of the fibers. The method has the advantage of being capable of effectively adapting to the northwest arid area environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed slopes in arid areas of northwest China. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are three types of slope ecological restoration commonly used in China:

[0003] The first type of spraying method uses polymer materials as binder

[0004] Mainly represented by imported soil spraying, thick-layer substrate spraying, hydraulic spraying, etc. It uses polymer adhesives and water-retaining agents as cementing and water-retaining media, combined with soil and rice husks to form a granular structure of imported soil, thus creating a porous and stable soil structure with a certain thickness, which is resistant to rain and wind erosion, firm and breathable, and similar to or better than natural topsoil.

[0005] The second type of paving

[0006] Prefabricated porous breathable products and PE line woven coconut fiber and straw fiber vegetation blankets are representative. Eco-concrete and vegetation roll-up blanketing are representative. Using these products as carriers, plant seeds, fertilizers, etc. are mixed and laid on the slope to promote the recovery of vegetation.

[0007] The third type of cement-based

[0008] The soil is improved by using cement as a binder combined with biological conditioners to form a soil structure that has both strength and biological activation indicators.

[0009] However, these methods all have certain problems:

[0010] The first category is that the substrate is unstable. The technology or the use of polymer materials as the bonding medium of the substrate material causes the polymer materials to oxidize and decompose over time, and the substrate stability is lost within 2 years, resulting in the peeling of the substrate, the exhaustion of fertility, and serious plant degradation;

[0011] The second type, paving, uses paving products as carriers. The slope is suitable for gentle slopes. The mixed materials are not resistant to erosion and lack fertility in the later stage, which is not conducive to plant growth.

[0012] The third type uses cement as a binder, which has good long-term stability. Through the adjustment of special ecological agents, it can resist both heavy rainfall and freezing and thawing, which is conducive to the long-term stable growth of plants. Due to the interference of cement, the germination period of shrubs is long and the growth is slow. It takes 3-5 years for shrubs to occupy the dominant species on the slope.

[0013] Moreover, the arid region of Northwest China has the climate characteristics of small annual rainfall and large evaporation, and the above methods cannot be effectively applied in this environment. Summary of the invention

[0014] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed slopes in the arid areas of Northwest China. The present invention has the advantage of being able to effectively adapt to the environment of the arid areas of Northwest China.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is an ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed slopes in arid areas of Northwest China, comprising a three-layer base structure with different proportions, wherein the three-layer base structure is a bottom base, a middle base and a top base from bottom to top;

[0016] The base layer is paved with materials including corn cob particles and wood fibers;

[0017] The middle base layer is paved with materials including wood fibers and plant seeds;

[0018] The top base layer is laid with materials including wood fibers and adhesives.

[0019] In the above-mentioned ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed slopes in the arid areas of Northwest China, the base layer is 10 cm thick and consists of 1 m 3 Soil, 25kg organic fertilizer, 0.2m 3 Pine fiber, 0.1m 3 Corn cob particles, 90kg cement, 80kg eco-agent, 0.5kg compound fertilizer and 0.8m 3 The water is mixed and prepared for paving.

[0020] In the above-mentioned ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed slopes in the arid areas of Northwest China, the middle base layer is 3 cm thick and consists of 1 m 3 Soil, 20kg organic fertilizer, 0.3m 3 Pine fiber, 60kg cement, 50kg eco-agent, 0.5kg compound fertilizer, 200g mixed plant seeds and 0.8m 3 The water is mixed and prepared for paving.

[0021] In the above-mentioned ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed slopes in the arid areas of Northwest China, the top base layer is 2 cm thick and consists of 1 m 3 Soil, 20kg organic fertilizer, 0.3m 3 Pine fiber, 0.5kg compound fertilizer, 285g adhesive, 285g water retaining agent, 400g mixed plant seeds and 0.8m 3 The water is mixed and prepared for paving.

[0022] The aforementioned ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed slopes in the arid region of Northwest China includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. Laying the base layer: put an appropriate amount of water in the mixing tank, and then put in soil, organic fertilizer, pine fiber, corn cob particles, cement and ecological agent in proportion, stir while putting in, and add water as needed. After all the materials are put in, continue mixing for 10min to 15min; then lay;

[0024] S2. Laying the middle base: put an appropriate amount of water in the mixing tank, and then put in soil, organic fertilizer, pine fiber, heavy cement, ecological agent and plant seeds in proportion, stir while putting in, and add water as needed. After all the materials are put in, continue mixing for 10min to 15min; then lay;

[0025] S3. Laying the top base layer: Add an appropriate amount of water into the mixing tank, and then add organic fertilizer, pine fiber, adhesive, water retaining agent and plant seeds in proportion, stir while adding, and add water as needed. After all materials are added, continue mixing for 10min to 15min; then lay.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. By adding corn cob particles, the nutrients, minerals and water absorption of corn cobs are used to improve the strength of the base layer and a certain water conservation capacity in the early stage. The release of sugar in corn cob particles in the later stage provides more nutrition for the substrate microorganisms, further improving the activation performance of the substrate;

[0028] 2. The water-retaining capacity of the substrate is greatly improved by adding wood fiber, and the compressive strength of the substrate is improved by interlacing the fibers;

[0029] 3. The surface layer adopts a wood fiber structure layer to fully utilize the water absorption performance of wood fiber to provide sufficient humidity for seed germination, forming a moisture-rich moisture retention layer. The surface layer after removing the cement is more conducive to the germination of shrub seeds.

[0030] Therefore, the present invention has the advantage of being able to effectively adapt to the environment of the arid areas in Northwest China. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 1 is a graph showing the mass variation trend of corncob particles in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment: An ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed slopes in arid areas of Northwest China, comprising a three-layer base structure with different proportions, wherein the three-layer base structure is a bottom base, a middle base and a top base from bottom to top;

[0034] The base layer is paved with materials including corn cob particles and wood fibers;

[0035] The middle base layer is paved with materials including wood fibers and plant seeds;

[0036] The top base layer is laid with materials including wood fibers and adhesives.

[0037] The base layer is 10cm thick and consists of 1m 3 Soil, 25kg organic fertilizer, 0.2m 3 Pine fiber, 0.1m 3 Corn cob particles, 90kg cement, 80kg eco-agent, 0.5kg compound fertilizer and 0.8m 3 The water is mixed and prepared for paving.

[0038] The middle base layer is 3cm thick and consists of 1m 3 Soil, 20kg organic fertilizer, 0.3m 3 Pine fiber, 60kg cement, 50kg eco-agent, 0.5kg compound fertilizer, 200g mixed plant seeds and 0.8m 3 The water is mixed and prepared for paving.

[0039] The top base layer is 2cm thick and consists of 1m 3 Soil, 20kg organic fertilizer, 0.3m 3 Pine fiber, 0.5kg compound fertilizer, 285g adhesive, 285g water retaining agent, 400g mixed plant seeds and 0.8m 3 The water is mixed and prepared for paving.

[0040] The steps include:

[0041] S1. Laying the base layer: put an appropriate amount of water in the mixing tank, and then put in soil, organic fertilizer, pine fiber, corn cob particles, cement and ecological agent in proportion, stir while putting in, and add water as needed. After all the materials are put in, continue mixing for 10min to 15min; then lay;

[0042] S2. Laying the middle base: put an appropriate amount of water in the mixing tank, and then put in soil, organic fertilizer, pine fiber, heavy cement, ecological agent and plant seeds in proportion, stir while putting in, and add water as needed. After all the materials are put in, continue mixing for 10min to 15min; then lay;

[0043] S3. Laying the top base layer: Add an appropriate amount of water into the mixing tank, and then add organic fertilizer, pine fiber, adhesive, water retaining agent and plant seeds in proportion, stir while adding, and add water as needed. After all materials are added, continue mixing for 10min to 15min; then lay.

[0044] Corncob particles are a nutrient-rich raw material that contains a large amount of sugar, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and minerals. Corncobs will slowly rot after being buried in the soil, and the nutrients decomposed after rotting can be slowly absorbed by the plants; corncobs have a very strong ability to absorb water, and burying corncobs in the soil can greatly enhance the soil's ability to retain moisture. When there is too much moisture in the soil, corncobs can absorb excess moisture in the soil; when the soil is too dry, corncobs can release the absorbed moisture, and their ability to regulate soil moisture is very strong. Utilizing the slow water absorption of corncob particles, water is absorbed during the initial setting period of cement to reduce the water-cement ratio of the base material and increase the initial setting strength of the base material;

[0045] Wood fiber is made from southern pine wood that is peeled, washed, and chipped into pine wood chips. It is extracted through high-temperature and high-pressure gas explosion heat treatment. The fiber is soft, slender, and uniform (6-15MM) and can absorb water quickly. It can improve the water retention capacity of the substrate. After mixing, the wood fibers form a three-dimensional network structure, which improves the strength of the substrate and the water flowability.

[0046] Material testing

[0047] Testing the water absorption of different materials

[0048] Table 1 Water absorption of materials

[0049]

[0050] Material Analysis

[0051] (1) Changes of corncob particles over time

[0052] The changes in the quality of corn cob particles are shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the mass of corn cob particles gradually increases with the increase of soaking time, especially after soaking for 1 hour, the mass of corn cob particles increases from the initial 0.4kg to 0.845kg, an increase of 111%, and the growth rate of mass gradually decreases. After soaking for 12 hours, the mass is finally 0.95kg, an increase of 138%. It can be seen that corn cob particles have good water absorption.

[0053] (2) Changes of coconut bran over time

[0054] After soaking, coconut bran quickly absorbs water to saturation, and its mass increases from the initial 0.4kg to 0.945kg, an increase of 136%, and then the mass does not change. It can be seen that coconut bran has good water absorption.

[0055] (3) Changes of long straw fibers over time

[0056] After soaking, the long straw fiber quickly absorbs water to saturation, and the mass increases from the initial 0.1kg to 0.46kg, an increase of 360%, and then the mass does not change. It can be seen that the long straw fiber has good water absorption.

[0057] (4) Changes of rice straw short fibers over time

[0058] After soaking, the rice straw short fiber quickly absorbs water to saturation, and its mass increases from the initial 0.2kg to 0.82kg, an increase of 310%, and then the mass does not change. It can be seen that the rice straw short fiber has good water absorption.

[0059] (5) Changes of pine wood fiber over time

[0060] After soaking, the pine fiber quickly absorbs water to saturation, and the mass increases from the initial 0.1kg to 0.827kg, an increase of 827%, and then the mass does not change. It can be seen that pine fiber has good rapid water absorption.

[0061] Through soaking experiments, corn cob particles and pine wood, two materials with fast and slow water absorption, were selected as organic materials for addition.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of artificially disturbed slopes in arid areas of Northwest China, characterized by: It includes a three-layer base material structure with different ratios, and the three-layer base structure is a bottom base, a middle base and a top base from bottom to top; The base layer is paved with materials including corn cob particles and wood fibers; The middle base layer is paved with materials including wood fibers and plant seeds; The top base layer is laid with materials including wood fibers and adhesives.

2. The method for ecological restoration of artificially disturbed slopes in arid areas of Northwest China according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base layer is 10cm thick and consists of 1m 3 Soil, 25kg organic fertilizer, 0.2m 3 Pine fiber, 0.1m 3 Corn cob particles, 90kg cement, 80kg eco-agent, 0.5kg compound fertilizer and 0.8m 3 The water is mixed and prepared for paving.

3. The ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed slopes in arid areas of Northwest China according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle base layer is 3cm thick and consists of 1m 3 Soil, 20kg organic fertilizer, 0.3m 3 Pine fiber, 60kg cement, 50kg eco-agent, 0.5kg compound fertilizer, 200g mixed plant seeds and 0.8m 3 The water is mixed and prepared for paving.

4. The ecological restoration method for artificially disturbed slopes in the arid areas of Northwest China according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top base layer is 2cm thick and consists of 1m 3 Soil, 20kg organic fertilizer, 0.3m 3 Pine fiber, 0.5kg compound fertilizer, 285g adhesive, 285g water retaining agent, 400g mixed plant seeds and 0.8m 3 The water is mixed and prepared for paving.

5. A method for ecological restoration of artificially disturbed slopes in arid areas of Northwest China according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Laying the base layer: put an appropriate amount of water in the mixing tank, and then put in soil, organic fertilizer, pine fiber, corn cob particles, cement and ecological agent in proportion, stir while putting in, and add water as needed. After all the materials are put in, continue mixing for 10min to 15min; then lay; S2. Laying the middle base: put an appropriate amount of water in the mixing tank, and then put in soil, organic fertilizer, pine fiber, heavy cement, ecological agent and plant seeds in proportion, stir while putting in, and add water as needed. After all the materials are put in, continue mixing for 10min to 15min; then lay; S3. Laying the top base layer: Add an appropriate amount of water into the mixing tank, and then add organic fertilizer, pine fiber, adhesive, water retaining agent and plant seeds in proportion, stir while adding, and add water as needed. After all materials are added, continue mixing for 10min to 15min; then lay.

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