A fixed-point isolation device in a hole for process grouting

Abstract

The present invention proposes an in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting, including a isolation assembly sleeved on the anchor body, the isolation assembly is detachably connected to an isolation sleeve through a coupling assembly, the isolation sleeve can be sleeved on the anchor body to send the isolation assembly to a corresponding position in the borehole, and cooperate with the isolation assembly to perform fixed-point isolation of the surrounding rock area in the borehole. The present invention forms an effective isolation at a specific position in the borehole through the coordinated use of the isolation assembly sleeved on the anchor body, especially by using the inflation of the first airbag and the second airbag to achieve close contact with the hole wall, thereby laying a foundation for staged and regional dynamic grouting. The docking portion is provided with a first magnet built into the mounting groove, which corresponds to the second magnet at the end of the isolation sleeve. It is convenient to send the isolation assembly into the borehole, and the isolation sleeve can be easily recovered after the isolation is completed, thereby improving the reusability and ease of operation of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine tunnels, and in particular to an in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting. Background Art

[0002] In the field of tunnel excavation and support, anchor grouting technology has become a key means to enhance the stability of surrounding rock and ensure the safety of tunnels. However, the traditional anchor grouting method often adopts a one-time grouting method, that is, grouting reinforcement of the entire hole section is carried out immediately during tunnel excavation or after tunnel excavation is completed. Although this approach simplifies the construction process to a certain extent, it ignores the dynamic changes in the surrounding rock state of the tunnel during the service cycle, which leads to a series of problems.

[0003] Specifically, after the tunnel is excavated, the stress of the surrounding rock mass will be redistributed. In addition, affected by various factors such as geological tectonic movement, groundwater activity, mining pressure, etc., the degree of fragmentation, crack development and stress state of the surrounding rock will continue to evolve over time. Therefore, one-time grouting is difficult to effectively cope with this continuously changing surrounding rock environment, and its grouting effect is often difficult to sustain, and even grouting failure may occur in the later stage of tunnel service.

[0004] In addition, the one-time grouting method also has the problem of premature closure of the grouting channel. Once the grouting is completed, if the same area needs to be reinforced again later, the anchor holes must be reopened, which will not only greatly increase the difficulty and cost of construction, but may also reduce the overall safety of the tunnel due to repeated disturbance of the surrounding rock. At the same time, reopening the anchor holes will also destroy the original tunnel support structure, further exacerbating the complexity of tunnel maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention proposes an in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting, which is used to cooperate with a corresponding anchor cable structure and a surrounding rock grouting reinforcement method to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fixed-point isolation device in a hole for process grouting comprises a isolation assembly sleeved on an anchor body, the isolation assembly being detachably connected to an isolation sleeve via a coupling assembly, the isolation sleeve being sleeved on the anchor body for delivering the isolation assembly to a corresponding position in a borehole and cooperating with the isolation assembly to perform fixed-point isolation of a surrounding rock area in the borehole.

[0008] As described above, a fixed-point sealing device in a hole for process grouting, the sealing assembly includes a first airbag and a second airbag arranged relatively to each other, the first airbag and the second airbag are connected by a connecting pipe, the second airbag is provided with a first airflow channel, the sealing sleeve is provided with a second airflow channel which can be connected with the first airflow channel, and the second airflow channel is connected to an inflation device for inflating the first and second airbags so that the two airbags are expanded and abut against the hole wall to achieve fixed-point sealing.

[0009] In the in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting as described above, the first airbag and the second airbag are respectively provided with a first limit baffle and a second limit baffle on both sides, so that the first airbag and the second airbag are only expanded radially toward the borehole when inflated.

[0010] In the in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting as described above, an isolation space is formed between the first limit baffle and the second limit baffle, the isolation space is connected to the first slurry channel, the isolation sleeve is provided with a second slurry channel that can be connected to the first slurry channel, and the second slurry channel is connected to a grouting valve for grouting into the isolation space to achieve firm fixed-point isolation.

[0011] In the in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting as described above, a check valve is provided on the first air flow channel to prevent the gas in the air bag from escaping.

[0012] In the in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting as described above, a first pressure valve for monitoring gas pressure is provided on the second gas flow channel.

[0013] In the in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting as described above, a second pressure valve for monitoring fluid pressure is provided on the second slurry channel.

[0014] As described above, in a fixed-point isolation device for process grouting in a hole, the coupling assembly includes a docking portion arranged on the outer side of the second limit baffle and corresponding to the isolation sleeve, the docking portion is provided with a first magnet, and the isolation sleeve is provided with a second magnet corresponding to the first magnet at one end facing the isolation assembly, the first magnet and the second magnet can be coupled and adsorbed so that the isolation sleeve can send the isolation assembly to the corresponding position in the borehole for fixed-point isolation of surrounding rock zoning, and after the isolation is completed, the first magnet and the second magnet can be separated under external force to recover the isolation sleeve.

[0015] In the in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting as described above, the docking part is provided with a mounting groove, the first magnet is provided in the mounting groove, the second magnet matches the shape of the mounting groove, and the second magnet can be inserted into the mounting groove and coupled and adsorbed with the first magnet, so that the docking part is tightly coupled with the isolation sleeve.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The present invention forms an effective seal at a specific position in the borehole by using a sealing assembly and a sealing sleeve sleeve which are sleeved on the anchor cable body, and in particular, by using the inflation of the first airbag and the second airbag to achieve close contact with the hole wall, thereby laying a foundation for dynamic grouting in stages and regions.

[0018] 2. The docking part is provided with a mounting groove with a built-in first magnet, which corresponds to the second magnet at the end of the packing sleeve. This design not only facilitates the delivery of the packing assembly into the borehole, but also allows the packing sleeve to be easily recovered after the packing is completed, thereby improving the reusability and ease of operation of the device.

[0019] 3. The present invention prevents the gas in the airbag from escaping by setting a check valve, and the first pressure valve and the second pressure valve monitor the pressure of the gas and the fluid respectively, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability in the process of partitioning and fixed-point separation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a vertical section of the anchor cable body in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of anchoring the anchor cable body in a borehole in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of fixed-point isolation in a borehole according to Example 2 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of fixed-point isolation in a borehole according to Example 2 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of fixed-point isolation in a borehole according to Example 2 of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of fixed-point isolation in a borehole according to Example 2 of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a borehole;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sealing assembly in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the cross section along AA;

[0031] Fig.11 This is a flowchart of the surrounding rock grouting reinforcement method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation of step S8 in Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0034] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 ,and Fig.12 The present embodiment provides an anchor cable structure capable of realizing process grouting, including an anchor cable body 1 arranged in a borehole, wherein a plurality of first steel strands 11 are arranged in the anchor cable body 1, wherein the cross-section of the plurality of first steel strands 11 is a ring array, and an isolation tube 12 is arranged on the inner side of the plurality of first steel strands 11, wherein a grouting pipe group 13 is arranged in the isolation tube 12, and the grouting pipe group 13 can perform independent grouting to different sections in different time periods according to the surrounding rock conditions in the hole.

[0035] In this embodiment, an anchor body 1 is arranged in the borehole. The anchor body 1, as the main body of the entire structure, is responsible for transmitting tension and maintaining structural stability. Inside the anchor body 1, a plurality of first steel strands 11 are arranged, which may be 6, 7, 9, etc., and are designed according to the strength requirements of the anchor. These steel strands are arranged in a circular array to ensure that they can be evenly distributed when subjected to force, thereby improving the bearing capacity and stability of the anchor. Specifically, 9 first steel strands 11 can be set, which are evenly distributed in the cross-section of the anchor body 1 with the axis of the anchor body 1 as the center. An isolation tube 12 is provided on the inner side of the 9 first steel strands 11. The function of the isolation tube 12 is to separate the first steel strand 11 from the grouting pipe group 13 to prevent the first steel strand 11 from squeezing the grouting pipe group 13. A grouting pipe group 13 is provided in the isolation tube 12. The grouting pipe group 13 is composed of multiple grouting pipes, and the number of grouting pipes can be 3, 4, 5, etc., depending on the crushing of the surrounding rock in the hole. Each grouting pipe is independently controllable, and can be grouted independently in different sections at different time periods according to the actual crushing of the surrounding rock in the hole. For example, when it is found that the crushing degree of the surrounding rock in a certain section of the tunnel is high, an appropriate amount of grouting material can be injected into the section through the corresponding grouting pipe to reinforce the surrounding rock and improve the anchoring force of the anchor cable. It is particularly pointed out that during grouting, the surrounding rock in some sections of the tunnel has a low degree of crushing and does not require grouting, or the grouting reinforcement effect is poor at that time. At this time, the surrounding rock development can be observed in the later stage. If the surrounding rock of a section that has not been grouted in the early stage has a large deformation and a high degree of crushing, the surrounding rock of the corresponding section can be grouted and reinforced through the corresponding grouting pipe.

[0036] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present scheme but not a limitation, the grouting pipe group 13 includes a first grouting pipe 131, a second grouting pipe 132, and a third grouting pipe 133 arranged along the inner wall of the isolation pipe 12, and the first grouting pipe 131, the second grouting pipe 132, and the third grouting pipe 133 have different lengths in the borehole to facilitate independent grouting in their respective corresponding sections.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first grouting pipe 131 can be set to have the longest length, extending to the deep section of the borehole, corresponding to the reinforcement of the surrounding rock in the deep section or the grouting requirements under special circumstances. The second grouting pipe 132 has a moderate length, corresponding to the middle section of the borehole. When the surrounding rock in the middle section is highly fragmented and needs further reinforcement, the second grouting pipe 132 is used for grouting. The third grouting pipe 133 is shorter in length, mainly corresponding to the shallow section of the borehole. When the surrounding rock in this section is relatively loose or requires initial reinforcement, grouting material can be injected through the first grouting pipe 131.

[0038] Specifically, at the initial stage of tunnel excavation, if the overall degree of fragmentation of the surrounding rock is high, the first grouting pipe 131, the second grouting pipe 132, and the third grouting pipe 133 mentioned above can be reinforced at the same time. If only a certain section, such as the shallow surrounding rock, is relatively fragmented, grouting can be performed only through the third grouting pipe 133. During the subsequent tunnel service period, the development of the surrounding rock is observed by drilling holes to decide whether grouting reinforcement should be performed through the first grouting pipe 131 and the second grouting pipe 132.

[0039] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present scheme but not a limitation, a second steel strand 14 is provided in the isolation tube. The addition of the second steel strand 14 provides additional tensile support and enhances the overall bearing capacity of the anchor structure. The second steel strand 14 is located between the first grouting pipe 131, the second grouting pipe 132, and the third grouting pipe 133. In order to prevent the second steel strand 14 from squeezing the grouting pipe during the force or grouting process, the isolation tube 12 is filled with a setting agent 15. The setting agent 15 has good fluidity and curing properties. After filling, it can be quickly cured to form a stable support structure, ensuring that the relative position between the second steel strand 14 and the grouting pipe is fixed to avoid mutual extrusion. Specifically, the setting agent 15 can be a resin setting agent or a polymer setting agent.

[0040] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention but not a limitation, it also includes a tray 2 which is sleeved on the anchor body 1 and in contact with the rock and soil at the hole mouth, and a slurry stopper 21 is provided on the inner side of the tray 2 to prevent the slurry from leaking from the gap between the anchor body 1 and the rock and soil. The slurry stopper 21 is sleeved on the anchor body 1, and a lock 22 which can be used to fix the anchor body 1 is provided on the outer side of the tray 2.

[0041] In this embodiment, a tray 2 is sleeved on the outside of the anchor body 1, and the tray 2 is in contact with the rock and soil at the hole, which plays a role in dispersing the tension of the anchor and protecting the rock and soil at the hole. In order to prevent the slurry from flowing out of the gap between the anchor body 1 and the rock and soil during the grouting process, a grout stopper 21 is provided on the inner side of the tray 2. The grout stopper 21 is sleeved on the anchor body 1, tightly fitting the gap between the anchor body and the rock and soil, ensuring the effective injection of the slurry and the realization of the anchoring effect.

[0042] In addition, in order to fix the anchor body 1 and ensure its stability during long-term use, a lock 22 is provided on the outside of the tray 2. The lock 22 can be fastened with bolts, nuts and other fasteners to tightly connect the tray 2 with the rock and soil body or the structural part of the anchor body 1 exposed from the rock and soil body to prevent the anchor from sliding or falling off when subjected to force.

[0043] Furthermore, the anchor body 1 is provided with a plurality of positioning devices for cooperating with the fixed-point isolation device to divide the surrounding rock in the borehole into regions so as to implement process grouting. Specifically, the positioning device may include a first baffle 16 sleeved on the tail of the anchor body 1, and the first baffle 16 matches the inner wall of the borehole to separate the anchoring area at the tail end of the anchor body 1 from other surrounding rock areas, so as to prevent the slurry from overflowing to other areas during grouting of the anchoring area.

[0044] Specifically, the positioning device includes a second baffle 17 mounted on the anchor body 1, which is used to cooperate with the fixed-point isolation device to divide the surrounding rock in the borehole into areas. The second baffle 17 is located between the grouting outlets of the first grouting pipe 131 and the second grouting pipe 132. This means that when the second baffle 17 cooperates with the fixed-point isolation device to complete the isolation, the surrounding rock area between the first baffle 16 and the second baffle 17 becomes an independent grouting area corresponding to the first grouting pipe 131. For the sake of clarity, the independent grouting area can be set as the first partition 31.

[0045] More specifically, the positioning device also includes a positioning block 18 provided on the anchor body 1, which is used to cooperate with the fixed-point separation device to divide the surrounding rock in the borehole into another area. The positioning block 18 is located between the grouting outlets of the second grouting pipe 132 and the third grouting pipe 133, which means that when the positioning block 18 cooperates with the fixed-point isolation device to complete the isolation, the surrounding rock area between the second baffle 17 and the positioning block 18 becomes an independent grouting area corresponding to the second grouting pipe 132. For the sake of clarity, the independent grouting area can be set as the second partition 32. It should be understood that the surrounding rock area from the isolation point formed by the positioning block 18 in cooperation with the fixed-point isolation device to the borehole orifice is the independent grouting area corresponding to the third grouting pipe 133, and the independent grouting area can be set as the third partition 33. It should be pointed out that in some other embodiments, according to the surrounding rock crushing in the borehole, it can be divided into more independent grouting partitions, and the anchor structure can also be provided with a corresponding number of grouting pipes. This embodiment is only a specific example and is not the only limitation on the anchor structure that can realize process grouting.

[0046] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 3 to 6 , Fig. 9 ,and Fig.10 The present embodiment provides an in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting, including a isolation component 5 sleeved on an anchor body 1, wherein the isolation component 5 is detachably connected to an isolation sleeve 7 via a coupling component 6, and the isolation sleeve 7 can be sleeved on the anchor body 1 to deliver the isolation component 5 to a corresponding position in a borehole, and cooperate with the isolation component 5 to perform fixed-point isolation on a surrounding rock area in the borehole.

[0047] In this embodiment, the packing assembly 5 is the core part of the fixed-point packing device, which is sleeved on the anchor body 1 and made of high-strength, wear-resistant materials to ensure stability and durability in complex environments in the borehole. Specifically, the packing assembly 5 can be circular or approximately circular as a whole to adapt to the shape of the borehole, and the axis of the packing assembly 5 is provided with a sleeve channel 9 adapted to the cross-section of the anchor body 1. The packing sleeve 7 is sleeved on the anchor body 1 to push the packing assembly 5 to the corresponding position to perform fixed-point packing of the surrounding rock area in the borehole. It should be pointed out that the packing assembly 5, as a consumable, can form multiple surrounding rock partitions when multiple packing assemblies 5 are used. For example, when two packing assemblies 5 are used in the hole, the entire borehole can be divided into three independent surrounding rock partitions. When the anchor structure mentioned in Example 1 is used, process grouting at different times can be achieved.

[0048] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present scheme but not a limitation, the sealing assembly 5 includes a first airbag 51 and a second airbag 52 arranged relatively to each other, the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 are connected by a connecting pipe 53, the second airbag 52 is provided with a first airflow channel 54, and the sealing sleeve 7 is provided with a second airflow channel 71 which can be connected with the first airflow channel 54, and the second airflow channel 71 is connected to an inflation device 72 for inflating the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 so that the two are expanded and abut against the hole wall to achieve fixed-point sealing.

[0049] In this embodiment, the sealing assembly 5 includes a first airbag 51 and a second airbag 52 which are arranged opposite to each other. The airbags are made of a high-strength, wear-resistant and airtight material. The first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 can be annular airbags with a sleeve channel 9 opened in the axis, which are adaptively sleeved on the anchor body 1 to ensure that they can closely abut against the hole wall after inflation to achieve effective fixed-point sealing.

[0050] In order to ensure that the two airbags can expand synchronously during inflation and maintain the uniformity and stability of the sealing effect, a connecting pipe 53 is provided between the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 for communication. Specifically, the second airbag 52 is provided with a first airflow channel 54 as an inlet for airbag inflation. Accordingly,

[0051] A second airflow channel 71 is provided in the packing sleeve 7 and can communicate with the first airflow channel 54. This design enables the inflation device 72 to inflate the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 through the second airflow channel 71 and the first airflow channel 54. The inflation device 72 can be inflated manually or automatically, such as a manual air pump or an automatic air pump, etc., and can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0052] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention but not a limitation, the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 are respectively provided with a first limit baffle 55a, a first limit baffle 55b, a second limit baffle 56a, and a second limit baffle 56b on both sides, so that the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52 are only expanded radially toward the borehole when inflated. Specifically, when the airbags are inflated, the first limit baffle 55a and the first limit baffle 55b limit the expansion direction of the first airbag 51, and the second limit baffle 56a and the second limit baffle 56b limit the expansion direction of the second airbag 52. In addition, the first limit baffle 55a, the first limit baffle 55b, the second limit baffle 56a, and the second limit baffle 56b can be annular baffles with a sleeve channel 9 opened on the axis, which are adaptively sleeved on the anchor cable body 1 to ensure that they are only expanded radially toward the borehole and tightly abut the hole wall without moving or deforming along the axial direction of the anchor cable body 1.

[0053] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present scheme but not a limitation, an isolation space 57 is formed between the first limit baffle 55b and the second limit baffle 56a, and the isolation space 57 is connected to the first slurry channel 58. The isolation sleeve 7 is provided with a second slurry channel 73 that can be connected to the first slurry channel 58, and the second slurry channel 73 is connected to a grouting valve 74 for grouting into the isolation space 57 to achieve firm fixed-point isolation.

[0054] In this embodiment, the isolation space 57 is located between the first airbag 51 and the second airbag 52, and is surrounded by the first limit baffle 55b, the second limit baffle 56a and the outer wall of the airbag. This space will be filled with slurry during grouting, and after the slurry solidifies, it forms a firm and sealed isolation structure with the isolation assembly. The isolation space 57 is connected to the first slurry channel 58 as a channel for the slurry to enter the isolation space. Accordingly, the isolation sleeve 7 is provided with a second slurry channel 73 that can be connected to the first slurry channel 58. The second slurry channel 73 is connected to a grouting valve 74 for controlling the injection of slurry into the isolation space 57.

[0055] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention but not a limitation, a check valve 541 is provided on the first air flow channel 54 to prevent the gas in the airbag from escaping, a first pressure valve 75 for monitoring the gas pressure is provided on the second air flow channel 71, and a second pressure valve 76 for monitoring the fluid pressure is provided on the second slurry channel 73.

[0056] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the gas from escaping from the airbag after inflation, resulting in a weakened sealing effect, a check valve 541 is added to the first airflow channel 54 in this embodiment. The check valve 541 allows gas to flow into the airbag in one direction, while preventing gas from flowing out of the airbag, thereby ensuring the durability and stability of the sealing. In addition, in order to ensure that the gas pressure during the inflation process is effectively controlled, a first pressure valve 75 is provided on the second airflow channel 71 for real-time monitoring of the gas pressure, and automatically closes when the pressure reaches a preset value to prevent the airbag from being damaged due to over-inflation. Similarly, a second pressure valve 76 for monitoring fluid pressure is provided on the second slurry channel 73, so that the operator can accurately control the pressure during the grouting process, ensure that the slurry can be evenly filled into the sealing space 57, and stop in time after filling to avoid slurry leakage or equipment damage caused by excessive pressure.

[0057] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present scheme but not a limitation, the coupling assembly 6 includes a docking portion 61 arranged on the outside of the second limit baffle 56 and corresponding to the isolation sleeve 7, and a first magnet 62 is provided on the docking portion 61, and a second magnet 67 corresponding to the first magnet 62 is provided on the isolation sleeve 7 at one end facing the isolation assembly 5, and the first magnet 62 and the second magnet 67 can be coupled and adsorbed so that the isolation sleeve 7 can send the isolation assembly 5 to the corresponding position in the borehole for fixed-point isolation of the surrounding rock zoning, and after the isolation is completed, the first magnet 62 and the second magnet 67 can be separated under external force to allow the isolation sleeve 7 to be pulled out of the borehole for recovery.

[0058] In this embodiment, the coupling assembly 6 includes a docking portion 61 disposed outside the second limit baffle 56b and corresponding to the packing sleeve 7, ensuring that the packing assembly 5 and the packing sleeve 7 can be accurately aligned, providing a basis for subsequent magnetic coupling. The first magnet 62 and the second magnet 67 can be made of high-strength and high-stability magnetic materials to ensure that sufficient adsorption force can be provided during the coupling process.

[0059] Through the magnetic coupling mechanism, the isolation sleeve 7 can be firmly connected to the isolation assembly 5 and sent together to the corresponding position in the borehole. After completing the isolation operation, the operator applies an external force such as a pulling force to disengage the first magnet 62 from the second magnet 67, and then easily recovers the isolation sleeve 7 from the borehole.

[0060] Furthermore, as a preferred implementation mode of the present solution but not a limitation, the docking portion 61 is provided with a mounting groove 63, the mounting groove 63 is provided with the first magnet 62, the second magnet 67 matches the shape of the mounting groove 63, and the second magnet 67 can be inserted into the mounting groove 63 and coupled and adsorbed with the first magnet 62, so that the docking portion 61 is tightly coupled with the sealing sleeve 7.

[0061] In this embodiment, the docking portion 61 is further designed to include a mounting groove 63. The first magnet 62 is placed in the mounting groove 63, and its shape and size match the mounting groove 63, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the first magnet 62.

[0062] The second magnet 67 is arranged on the packing sleeve, and its shape matches the mounting groove 63. When the packing sleeve is docked with the packing assembly 5, the second magnet 67 can be inserted into the mounting groove 63 and tightly coupled with the first magnet 62. Since the second magnet 67 can be inserted into the mounting groove 63 and coupled with the first magnet 62, the connection between the docking portion 61 and the packing sleeve 7 is tighter and more stable, which not only improves the stability of the device during the grouting process, but also simplifies the installation and disassembly process.

[0063] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 11 to Figure 12 This embodiment provides a surrounding rock grouting reinforcement method, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S1: Drill holes for anchor cables. Use a drilling rig to drill holes for anchor cables in the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0065] S2: Observe the crushing of surrounding rock in the borehole and divide the area in the borehole. Use the borehole peep instrument to observe the crushing of surrounding rock in the borehole, including cracks, joints, broken zones, etc.; according to the observation results, divide the surrounding rock in the borehole into different areas for subsequent fixed-point grouting reinforcement.

[0066] S3: Determine the initial grouting plan based on the crushing conditions of the surrounding rock in the borehole and design requirements.

[0067] Specifically, it includes grouting materials, grouting pressure, grouting volume, etc. The tail end of the anchor cable structure that can realize process grouting proposed in Example 1 is sent to the bottom of the borehole and anchored. The anchoring method can be mechanical anchoring or chemical anchoring. Specifically, the anchoring agent is loaded into the bottom of the hole, the anchor cable body 1 is inserted, and the tail end of the anchor cable body 1 is fixed to the anchoring area after stirring. The anchoring agent at the bottom of the hole is blocked by setting a first baffle 16 to separate it from other spaces in the hole, ensuring that the anchor cable structure is stable and immovable in the borehole.

[0068] S4: Use the in-hole fixed-point separation device proposed in the above-mentioned embodiment 2 to separate the surrounding rock space in the hole in the area divided in the step S3, and after waiting for the slurry in all the sealed spaces 57 to solidify, grouting treatment can be performed on the surrounding rock partitions that need to be reinforced.

[0069] S5: Carry out initial grouting. According to the initial grouting plan, inject slurry into the corresponding grouting pipe of the anchor structure through a grouting device such as a grouting machine or a grouting pump, and finally flow into the corresponding surrounding rock partition. After the grouting is completed, wait for the slurry to solidify and form a certain strength before proceeding to the next step.

[0070] S6: Apply pre-tightening force to the anchor cable body 1 to complete the first installation, and use tensioning equipment to apply pre-tightening force to the anchor cable body 1 so that the anchor cable structure is tightly attached to the surrounding rock to form an effective reinforcement effect.

[0071] S7: During the tunnel service period, observe and analyze the deformation characteristics of the tunnel surrounding rock, including displacement of the surrounding rock, development of cracks, changes in the broken zone, etc., to determine whether grouting is needed again. When the surrounding rock has not undergone large deformation and damage and the tunnel remains intact, no measures need to be taken.

[0072] Furthermore, as a preferred implementation mode of the present scheme but not a limitation, in the step S2, the surrounding rock area in the hole is divided into a first partition 31, a second partition 32, and a third partition 33 from the inside to the outside, and a fixed-point separation device in the hole as described in step S4 is provided at the junction of each partition.

[0073] Specifically, a borehole peep instrument or other equipment is used to peek at the crushing conditions of the surrounding rock in the borehole, including the distribution and development degree of cracks, joints, and crushed zones. According to the peeping results, the surrounding rock area in the hole is divided from the inside to the outside into a first partition 31, a second partition 32, and a third partition 33. It should be noted that in some other embodiments, more partitions can be set according to the actual conditions of the surrounding rock. In addition, the scope of each partition should be determined according to the actual crushing conditions of the surrounding rock to ensure the pertinence and effectiveness of the grouting reinforcement.

[0074] At the junction of each partition, i.e., between the first partition 31 and the second partition 32, and between the second partition 32 and the third partition 33, the in-hole fixed-point separation device proposed in Example 2 is respectively set to ensure that the slurry will not leak to other surrounding rock partitions during the grouting process of the designated surrounding rock partition.

[0075] Further, as a preferred implementation of the present solution but not limiting, in the step S5, primary grouting may be optionally performed according to the degree of surrounding rock crushing in the first partition 31, the second partition 32, and the third partition 33.

[0076] Specifically, after the surrounding rock is observed and divided into zones in step S2, there may be the following three situations:

[0077] Case 1: The surrounding rock of one partition is highly broken, while the surrounding rock of the other two partitions is relatively intact. For example, the surrounding rock of the third partition 33 is highly broken, while the surrounding rock of the first partition 31 and the second partition 32 is relatively intact. In this case, only the surrounding rock of the third partition 33 needs to be grout-reinforced through the third grouting pipe 133.

[0078] Case 2: The surrounding rock of two partitions is highly broken, and the surrounding rock of one partition is relatively intact. For example, the surrounding rock of the second partition 32 and the third partition 33 is highly broken, and the surrounding rock of the first partition 31 is relatively intact. In this case, the third partition 33 needs to be grouting reinforced through the third grouting pipe 133, and the surrounding rock of the second partition 32 needs to be grouting reinforced through the second grouting pipe 132. It should be noted that, however, since the surrounding rock of the second partition 32 and the third partition 33 may have different degrees of brokenness, in order to ensure the grouting effect, the slurry for the two groutings should be selected according to the degree of brokenness of the surrounding rock, so as to increase the grouting range and ensure the grouting effect.

[0079] Case 3: The surrounding rocks of the three sub-areas are all highly broken. In this case, the surrounding rocks of the first sub-area 31, the second sub-area 32, and the third sub-area 33 need to be grout-reinforced through the first grouting pipe 131, the second grouting pipe 132, and the third grouting pipe 133. It should be noted that since the surrounding rocks of the three sub-areas may have different degrees of brokenness, in order to ensure the grouting effect, the slurry for the three groutings should be selected according to the degree of brokenness of the surrounding rocks, thereby increasing the grouting range and ensuring the grouting effect.

[0080] Further, as a preferred implementation mode of this solution but not limiting, after completing step S6, when the surrounding rock undergoes large deformation and damage during the tunnel service period, it also includes:

[0081] S8: Use a drill to open a peephole next to the anchor body 1 to observe the crushing of the surrounding rock; the distance L from the center of the peephole to the center of the anchor body 1 should be set to 200mm~500mm, preferably 200mm, to ensure that the peephole can accurately reflect the changes in the surrounding rock around the anchor body.

[0082] S9: Determine the plan for re-grouting based on the surrounding rock crushing observed through the peephole;

[0083] Specifically, when the initial grouting in step S5 is the above-mentioned case 1 or case 2, during the initial grouting, there are still surrounding rock partitions that have not been grouting reinforced. This is because a certain surrounding rock was relatively intact at that time and no reinforcement was required. In other words, even grouting reinforcement would be a waste of cost. During the service period of the tunnel, when the surrounding rock undergoes large deformation and damage, the cracks in the original intact surrounding rock have gradually developed. At this time, grouting reinforcement of the corresponding surrounding rock partitions through the reserved grouting pipe can effectively and reasonably manage the surrounding rock and improve the use effect of the anchor cable structure. For example, in the above-mentioned case 2, only the first grouting pipe 131 is used to re-grout the first partition 31 for reinforcement.

[0084] S10: After the second grouting is completed, according to the determined second grouting plan, grouting liquid is injected into the original grouting pipe that has not been initially grouted through the grouting equipment to reinforce the surrounding rock.

[0085] S11: After completing the second grouting, the preload force of the anchor cable body 1 is adjusted according to the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock and the design requirements, and appropriate preload force is applied to the anchor cable body through the tensioning equipment so that it is tightly attached to the surrounding rock to form an effective reinforcement effect.

[0086] It should be emphasized again that after the initial grouting is completed, if the surrounding rock does not undergo major deformation and damage within the tunnel service period and the tunnel remains intact, there is no need to perform steps S8 to S11.

[0087] Furthermore, in step S3 and step S9, when grouting reinforcement is performed on different surrounding rock partitions, a slurry with suitable rheological properties is selected according to the degree of crushing of the surrounding rock to increase the grouting range and ensure the grouting effect. For example, a slurry with a larger fineness modulus can be injected into the surrounding rock partition with a higher degree of crushing, and vice versa. A slurry with a smaller fineness modulus can be injected. It should be understood that the selection of slurry can also refer to parameters such as consistency and particle size distribution.

[0088] The present invention can specifically reinforce broken or soft surrounding rock areas, significantly improve the overall stability of the tunnel, and reduce the risk of safety accidents caused by deformation or collapse of the surrounding rock. Through effective surrounding rock reinforcement, the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock under long-term stress can be reduced, thereby extending the service life of the tunnel, which is of great significance for underground projects that require long-term operation and maintenance, and can reduce the cost and frequency of later maintenance. Refined grouting control and fixed-point isolation technology ensure the uniformity and reliability of the reinforcement effect, avoiding the problems of poor grouting effect and wasted costs that may occur in traditional one-time grouting reinforcement methods, which helps to improve the quality of the project and reduce the need for re-anchoring due to poor reinforcement effects, thereby improving the overall economic benefits of the project.

[0089] In addition, by focusing on precise control during the reinforcement process, the waste of grouting materials and environmental pollution are reduced. At the same time, by improving the stability and service life of the tunnel, the resource consumption and carbon emissions caused by frequent maintenance and replacement of engineering facilities are reduced, which is in line with the concept of green construction and sustainable development.

[0090] The above are implementation methods provided in combination with specific contents, and it is not intended that the specific implementation of this application is limited to these descriptions. Any method structure similar to the present application, or a number of technical deductions or replacements based on the concept of the present application, should be considered as the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting, characterized in that: The invention comprises a packing assembly (5) sleeved on an anchor cable body (1), wherein the packing assembly (5) is detachably connected to a packing sleeve (7) via a coupling assembly (6), and the packing sleeve (7) can be sleeved on the anchor cable body (1) to send the packing assembly (5) to a corresponding position in a borehole and cooperate with the packing assembly (5) to perform fixed-point packing of a surrounding rock area in the borehole; The sealing assembly (5) comprises a first airbag (51) and a second airbag (52) arranged opposite to each other, the first airbag (51) and the second airbag (52) are provided with a connecting pipe (53) for communication, the second airbag (52) is provided with a first airflow channel (54), the sealing sleeve (7) is provided with a second airflow channel (71) which can be communicated with the first airflow channel (54), and the second airflow channel (71) is connected with an inflation device (72) for inflating the first airbag (51) and the second airbag (52) so that the two expand and abut against the hole wall to achieve fixed-point sealing; A first limiting baffle (55a, 55b) and a second limiting baffle (56a, 56b) are respectively provided on both sides of the first airbag (51) and the second airbag (52), so that the first airbag (51) and the second airbag (52) are expanded only radially toward the drill hole when inflated; The coupling assembly (6) comprises a docking portion (61) arranged on the outside of the second limit baffle (56b) and corresponding to the isolation sleeve (7); a first magnet (62) is arranged on the docking portion (61); a second magnet (67) corresponding to the first magnet (62) is arranged on one end of the isolation sleeve (7) facing the isolation assembly (5); the first magnet (62) and the second magnet (67) can be coupled and adsorbed so that the isolation sleeve (7) can send the isolation assembly (5) to a corresponding position in the borehole for fixed-point isolation of surrounding rock partitions; after the isolation is completed, the first magnet (62) and the second magnet (67) can be separated under external force to recover the isolation sleeve (7); A sealing space (57) is formed between the first limit baffle (55b) and the second limit baffle (56a), the sealing space (57) being connected to a first slurry channel (58), the sealing sleeve (7) being provided with a second slurry channel (73) which can be connected to the first slurry channel (58), the second slurry channel (73) being connected to a grouting valve (74) for injecting grout into the sealing space (57) to achieve firm fixed-point sealing; The docking portion (61) is provided with a mounting groove (63), the first magnet (62) is arranged in the mounting groove (63), the second magnet (67) matches the shape of the mounting groove (63), and the second magnet (67) can be inserted into the mounting groove (63) and coupled and adsorbed with the first magnet (62), so that the docking portion (61) and the sealing sleeve (7) are tightly coupled.

2. The in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air flow channel (54) is provided with a check valve (541) for preventing gas in the airbag from escaping.

3. The in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second air flow channel (71) is provided with a first pressure valve (75) for monitoring gas pressure.

4. The in-hole fixed-point isolation device for process grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second slurry channel (73) is provided with a second pressure valve (76) for monitoring fluid pressure.

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