Shock absorber, packaging method thereof and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a shock absorber, a packaging method of the shock absorber and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of shock absorption. The shock absorber is high in reliability and comprises a sleeve, a corrugated pipe assembly, a piston assembly and a piston rod, the two ends of the sleeve are provided with a first sealing piece and a second sealing piece respectively, the first sealing piece is provided with a mounting hole penetrating in the axis direction of the sleeve, and a first inner cavity filled with first fluid is formed between the first sealing piece and the second sealing piece; the corrugated pipe assembly is arranged in the sleeve and is subjected to the pressure action of the first fluid, the corrugated pipe assembly can stretch out and draw back along the axis when the pressure changes, the inner space of the corrugated pipe assembly can be adjusted through stretching out and drawing back so as to buffer pressure changes, and the inner space is independent of or communicated with the first inner cavity; the piston assembly is arranged in the first inner cavity and can move in the axis direction, and a circulation structure is arranged on the piston assembly; the piston rod penetrates through the mounting hole and is connected with the piston assembly, a sealing element is arranged between the mounting hole and the piston rod, and the piston rod is driven to move in the sleeve to change the pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorption, and in particular relates to a shock absorber and a packaging method thereof and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Shock absorbers are widely used in elevators, vehicles, buildings and other fields. They are used to cushion the collision or vibration of parts to protect the parts.

[0003] Generally, the shock absorber has a free piston enclosed in a cylinder (or housing), the free piston can slide freely in the cylinder and can separate a liquid chamber and a gas chamber in the cylinder. A driving piston connected to a piston rod is also assembled in the shock absorber, and the extension and contraction of the piston rod causes the volume change of the liquid chamber, which can be compensated by the axial displacement of the free piston in the cylinder, so as to increase the volume of the liquid chamber while reducing the volume of the gas chamber, or vice versa.

[0004] The free piston is generally provided with a sealing component such as an O-ring on its outer periphery. The sealing component is arranged to contact the inner periphery of the cylinder under a predetermined contact pressure. When the free piston slides axially in the cylinder, friction is generated between the sealing component and the inner periphery of the cylinder, and the free piston slides only when the differential pressure between the liquid chamber and the gas chamber exceeds the friction resistance between the sealing component and the inner periphery of the cylinder. This feature of the free piston will make the shock absorber with a built-in free piston less reliable. Specifically, the free piston frequently rubs against the inner wall of the cylinder. As the number of times of use increases, the sealing performance of the free piston will decrease, which is easy to cause gas-liquid mixing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a shock absorber and a packaging method thereof and a vehicle. The shock absorber avoids frequent friction existing in the isolation structure of the liquid cavity and the gas cavity, and can effectively avoid gas-liquid mixing, so that the shock absorber has higher reliability and faster response speed to vibration.

[0006] The solution of this application example is implemented through the following contents.

[0007] In a first aspect, an example of the present application proposes a shock absorber comprising: A hollow sleeve, wherein a first sealing member and a second sealing member are respectively provided at both ends of the sleeve, wherein the first sealing member is provided with a mounting hole penetrating along the axial direction of the sleeve; a first inner cavity is formed between the first sealing member and the second sealing member, and the first inner cavity is used to be filled with a first fluid; a bellows assembly, disposed in the sleeve and subjected to the pressure of the first fluid, and capable of expansion and contraction along the axial direction when the pressure changes, wherein the expansion and contraction can adjust the size of the internal space of the bellows assembly to buffer the pressure change in the first inner cavity, and the internal space is independent of or connected to the first inner cavity; a piston assembly, disposed in the first inner cavity and movable along the axial direction, the piston assembly being provided with a flow structure for the flow of a first fluid; and A piston rod is inserted into the mounting hole and connected to the piston assembly, and a sealing element is provided between the mounting hole and the piston rod. The piston rod is driven to move in the sleeve to change the pressure.

[0008] According to some examples of the first aspect of the present application, one end of the bellows assembly is fixedly connected to the second seal, and the other end can move along the axial direction to achieve the expansion and contraction when the pressure changes, and the internal space is independent of the first inner cavity, and the gap between the bellows assembly and the sleeve is connected to the first inner cavity.

[0009] According to some examples of the first aspect of the present application, a second inner cavity is further formed between the first seal and the second seal, the second inner cavity is independent of the first inner cavity, and the first inner cavity is defined by the bellows assembly and the first seal in the sleeve, and the second inner cavity is defined by the bellows assembly and the second seal in the sleeve, one of the first inner cavity and the second inner cavity is connected to the internal space of the bellows assembly, and the other is connected to the gap between the bellows assembly and the sleeve.

[0010] According to some examples of the first aspect of the present application, the bellows assembly includes: a fixing portion, wherein the fixing portion is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the second inner cavity is defined and formed by the fixing portion and the second sealing member; a movable portion, disposed between the fixed portion and the first sealing member, wherein the movable portion is movable in the sleeve along the axial direction to achieve the telescoping, and the first inner cavity is defined and formed by the movable portion and the first sealing member; and, A bellows, one end of which is sealed and connected to the movable part, the other end of which is connected to the fixed part, and the inner space of the bellows is in communication with the second inner cavity.

[0011] According to some examples of the first aspect of the present application, a second fluid inlet and outlet is formed on the second sealing member, and the second fluid inlet and outlet is connected to the internal space.

[0012] Furthermore, the sleeve is provided with a first fluid inlet and outlet, and the first fluid inlet and outlet is communicated with the first inner cavity.

[0013] According to some examples of the first aspect of the present application, the bellows assembly includes: a fixing portion, wherein the fixing portion is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the first inner cavity is defined and formed by the fixing portion and the first sealing member; a movable portion, disposed between the fixed portion and the second sealing member, wherein the movable portion is movable in the sleeve along the axial direction to achieve the telescoping, and the second inner cavity is defined and formed by the movable portion and the second sealing member; and A bellows, one end of which is connected to the fixed part, the other end of which is sealed and connected to the movable part, and the inner space of the bellows is communicated with the first inner cavity.

[0014] According to some examples of the first aspect of the present application, a second fluid inlet and outlet is formed on the second sealing member, and the second fluid inlet and outlet is communicated with the second inner cavity; Furthermore, the sleeve is provided with a first fluid inlet and outlet, and the first fluid inlet and outlet is communicated with the first inner cavity.

[0015] According to some examples of the first aspect of the present application, the sleeve includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the inner diameter of the second sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the first sleeve, and the inner wall of the second sleeve is connected to the outer wall of the first sleeve, the fixing portion is arranged at the connection, the first inner cavity is located in the first sleeve, and the minimum inner diameter of the bellows is the same as the inner diameter of the first sleeve.

[0016] According to some examples of the first aspect of the present application, the piston assembly includes a piston body, and a guide ring and a sealing ring arranged on the periphery of the piston body, and the piston body is connected to the piston rod, and the flow structure is arranged on the piston body. Furthermore, the circulation structure includes: A first valve sheet group and a second valve sheet group, wherein the first valve sheet group and the second valve sheet group are independently arranged at the first end and the second end of the piston body in sequence and can move along the axial direction to approach or move away from the surface of the end; The first through hole and the second through hole both penetrate the piston body along the axial direction, and when the first valve plate group is pressed against the surface of the first end, the entrance and exit of the first through hole close to the first end are closed by the first valve plate group and the entrance and exit of the second through hole close to the first end remain connected, and when the second valve plate group is pressed against the surface of the second end, the entrance and exit of the first through hole close to the second end remain connected and the entrance and exit of the second through hole close to the second end are closed by the second valve plate group.

[0017] In a second aspect, an example of the present application provides a method for packaging a shock absorber, which comprises the following steps: Providing a hollow sleeve, a first seal and a second seal, as well as a bellows assembly, a piston assembly, and a piston rod, and assembling them to obtain the shock absorber whose internal space is independent of the first inner cavity; driving the piston rod to contact the bellows assembly to put the bellows assembly in a compressed state, and filling the internal space with a second fluid through the second fluid inlet and outlet until an internal pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa is obtained; Sequentially evacuating the first inner cavity and filling it with the first fluid through the first fluid inlet and outlet, and after the first inner cavity is filled with the first fluid, connecting the first fluid inlet and outlet to a relief valve with a first preset pressure; Filling the inner space with a second fluid through the second fluid inlet and outlet to a second preset pressure state; and The second fluid inlet and outlet are blocked, and the relief valve is removed and the first fluid inlet and outlet are blocked.

[0018] In a third aspect, an example of the present application further proposes a packaging method for a shock absorber, which comprises the following steps: Providing a hollow sleeve, a first sealing member, a second sealing member, a bellows assembly, a piston assembly, and a piston rod, and assembling them to obtain a shock absorber whose internal space is connected to the first inner cavity; driving the piston rod to contact the proximal end of the bellows assembly, and filling the second inner cavity with a second fluid through the second fluid inlet and outlet until an internal pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa is obtained; Sequentially evacuating the first inner cavity and filling it with the first fluid through the first fluid inlet and outlet, and after the first inner cavity is filled with the first fluid, connecting the first fluid inlet and outlet to a relief valve with a first preset pressure; Filling the inner space with a second fluid through the second fluid inlet and outlet to a second preset pressure state; and The second fluid inlet and outlet are blocked, and the relief valve is removed and the first fluid inlet and outlet are blocked.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, an example of the present application proposes a vehicle comprising the aforementioned shock absorber or the shock absorber packaged by the aforementioned method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a shock absorber exemplified in this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the installation structure of a bellows assembly as an example of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of another shock absorber used as an example in this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a guide ring exemplified in this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a piston assembly exemplified in this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another piston assembly used as an example in this application; In the figure: 1. Sleeve; 11. First sealing member; 12. Second sealing member; 111. Mounting hole; 13. First inner cavity; 14. Second inner cavity; 15. First fluid inlet and outlet; 16. Second fluid inlet and outlet; 2. Bellows assembly; 20. Internal space; 21. Fixed portion; 22. Active portion; 23. Bellows; 221. Flow guide notch; 222. Cut-off opening; 3. Piston assembly; 31. Flow structure; 32. Piston body; 33. Guide ring; 34. Sealing ring; 311, first through hole; 312, second through hole; 313, first valve plate group; 314, second valve plate group; 321, first end surface; 3210, first notch; 322, second end surface; 3220, second notch; 4. Piston rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Taking the vehicle field as an example, in order to quickly attenuate the vibration (vibration) of the frame and the body and improve the smoothness and comfort of the car's driving, a shock absorber is configured in the car suspension system, and the body is installed on the shock absorber, and the vibration that occurs is buffered by the shock absorber. As far as the inventor knows, the shock absorber that is currently used more often relies on a free piston that can slide freely in a cylinder (or shell), using the free piston to separate the liquid chamber and the gas chamber in the cylinder (or shell), and the axial displacement of the free piston compensates for the change in the volume of the liquid chamber caused by the vibration, thereby buffering the vibration. In this shock absorber structure, the free piston forms a dynamic seal (separating the liquid chamber and the gas chamber) with the inner wall of the cylinder (or shell), and the reliability of the dynamic seal is low, and it will fail as the number of frictions increases. In addition, the response speed of the free piston to the vibration change is slow.

[0022] In response to such problems, the inventor has made a new design for the structure of the shock absorber, replacing the free piston in the cylinder (or housing) with a bellows assembly. The bellows assembly separates the liquid chamber and the gas chamber in the cylinder (or housing), and this separation is not a dynamic sealing separation form of the free piston under friction. The sealing state of the separation is stable and not prone to failure. The scalability of the bellows assembly can provide an expandable / contractable internal space, which can provide dynamic compensation for the liquid chamber or the gas chamber to form a buffer, and can provide better reliability than the free piston. In addition, the bellows assembly 2 has a fast response speed, and can expand / contract in time with the vibration changes, and quickly buffer the vibration.

[0023] The following will be combined Figures 1 to 6 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0024] Combination Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a shock absorber proposed in an embodiment of the present application includes a sleeve 1, a bellows assembly 2, a piston assembly 3 and a piston rod 4, wherein: The sleeve 1 is a hollow structure, a first sealing member 11 is provided at one end of the sleeve 1, a second sealing member 12 is provided at the other end of the sleeve 1, and a mounting hole 111 is provided on the first sealing member 11 for the piston rod 4 to pass through, the mounting hole 111 passes through along the axial direction of the sleeve 1, and a sealing element is also provided between the mounting hole 111 and the piston rod 4 to ensure that no fluid leakage occurs when the piston rod 4 reciprocates through the mounting hole 111; in the sleeve 1, a first inner cavity 13 is formed between the first sealing member 11 and the second sealing member 12, and the first inner cavity 13 is used to fill a first fluid (such as oil); The bellows assembly 2 is arranged in the sleeve 1. On the one hand, the internal space 20 of the bellows assembly 2 can be independent of the first inner cavity 13, so that the internal space 20 is used as the second inner cavity 14 for filling the second fluid (such as gas). At this time, the volume of the internal space 20 expands / contracts with the pressure difference between the two fluids. On the other hand, the internal space 20 of the bellows assembly 2 can also be connected to the first inner cavity 13 as a supplement to the first fluid accommodating space, and at this time, the external space defined by the peripheral wall of the bellows assembly 2 in the sleeve 1 is used as the second inner cavity 14 filled with the second fluid (such as gas); based on the above arrangement of the bellows assembly 2, the bellows assembly 2 is in contact with the first fluid in the first inner cavity 13 and is affected by its pressure, and when the pressure changes, the bellows assembly 2 can be extended and retracted along the axial direction of the sleeve 1, and the extension and retraction can adjust the size of the internal space 20 of the bellows assembly 2 and thereby buffer the pressure change in the first inner cavity 13; The piston assembly 3 is disposed in the first inner cavity 13 and can be driven to move along the axial direction of the sleeve 1. A flow structure 31 is also disposed on the piston assembly 3. The flow structure 31 allows the first fluid to pass through when the piston assembly 3 moves, thereby realizing the flow of the first fluid due to the change in pressure on both sides of the piston assembly 3. When the piston rod 4 is driven, it moves in the sleeve 1 to change the length of the piston rod 4 entering the sleeve 1 (the first inner chamber 13 ), and the pressure in the first inner chamber 13 is also changed accordingly.

[0025] The embodiment of the present application replaces the free piston in the traditional shock absorber with the bellows assembly 2, and uses the bellows assembly 2 to separate the two inner chambers (gas-liquid chambers) in the sleeve 1, which has higher reliability than the dynamic seal of the free piston. The bellows assembly 2 of the embodiment of the present application can be completely connected to the sleeve 1 or the second seal 12 by welding, so that the two inner chambers (gas-liquid chambers) of the shock absorber are completely isolated, while the traditional shock absorber uses a free piston to separate the two inner chambers (gas-liquid chambers). The dynamic sealing isolation of the free piston relies on the dynamic sealing ring (O-ring) on ​​the free piston. One end of the dynamic sealing ring (O-ring) contacts the hydraulic oil and performs high-frequency reciprocating motion under high pressure and high temperature for a long time, which easily causes the dynamic sealing ring (O-ring) to be permanently deformed and worn, causing the gas in the gas chamber to enter the liquid chamber to form an oil-gas mixture state, which in turn leads to the occurrence of lost travel in the compression stroke of the shock absorber. In addition, compared with the free piston, the bellows assembly 2 of the embodiment of the present application responds to changes faster. Specifically, the shock absorber performs high-frequency reciprocating motion when working. The free piston of a traditional shock absorber has a large mass and therefore a large inertia. When the piston rod changes the direction of movement, due to the effect of inertia, the free piston cannot immediately change the direction of movement, and thus the response is poor. The bellows assembly 2 of the embodiment of the present application has a smaller mass and smaller inertia, and therefore the response speed is faster.

[0026] Bellows assembly 2 First embodiment, refer to Figure 1 Combined with Figure 2 As shown, the internal space 20 of the bellows assembly 2 is independent of the first inner cavity 13. Specifically, one end of the bellows assembly 2 is fixedly connected to the second sealing member 12, and the other end extends to the first sealing member 11, and the other end of the bellows assembly 2 is in a sealed state to separate the internal space 20 of the bellows assembly 2 from the first inner cavity 13. The internal space 20 of the bellows assembly 2 is used to fill the second fluid. When the pressure of the first fluid in the first inner cavity 13 changes, the pressure of the first fluid and the second fluid inside and outside the bellows assembly 2 loses balance. The other end of the bellows assembly 2 moves along the axial direction of the sleeve 1 to achieve the expansion and contraction of the bellows assembly 2, and thus the expansion and contraction changes the volume of the internal space 20, so that the pressure of the first fluid and the second fluid inside and outside the bellows assembly 2 tends to balance. In this embodiment, there is also a gap between the bellows assembly 2 and the inner wall of the sleeve 1, and the gap is connected to the first inner cavity 13 to fill the first fluid so that the outer peripheral surface of the bellows assembly 2 is fully in contact with the first fluid, which helps to ensure the internal and external pressure balance of the bellows assembly 2.

[0027] In the second embodiment, the first seal 11 and the second seal 12 further form a second inner cavity 14 independent of the first inner cavity 13. Specifically, the bellows assembly 2 is disposed between the first seal 11 and the second seal 12, and the inner cavity of the sleeve 1 can be separated into the first inner cavity 13 and the second inner cavity 14 independent of each other by the peripheral wall of the bellows assembly 2. In this example, the first inner cavity 13 is defined and formed in the sleeve 1 by the bellows assembly 2 and the first seal 11, and the second inner cavity 14 is defined and formed in the sleeve 1 by the bellows assembly 2 and the second seal 12. In addition, the opening of the bellows assembly 2 faces the second inner cavity 14, that is, the second inner cavity 14 is connected to the internal space 20 of the bellows assembly 2, and the first inner cavity 1 is connected to the gap between the bellows assembly 2 and the sleeve 1. Figure 1 As an example, this embodiment is similar to Figure 1 The difference is that there is a second inner cavity 14 for filling the second fluid between the left end of the bellows assembly 2 and the second sealing member 12 (the second inner cavity 14 is Figure 1 not shown).

[0028] The third embodiment, referring to Figure 3As shown, the bellows assembly 2 is also arranged between the first sealing member 11 and the second sealing member 12, and the inner cavity of the sleeve 1 is divided into a first inner cavity 13 and a second inner cavity 14 which are independent of each other by the peripheral wall of the bellows assembly 2. Different from the second embodiment, the opening of the bellows assembly 2 faces the first inner cavity 13, that is, the first inner cavity 13 is communicated with the internal space 20 of the bellows assembly 2, and the second inner cavity 14 is communicated with the gap between the bellows assembly 2 and the sleeve 1.

[0029] In comparison, in the third embodiment, the opening of the bellows assembly 2 faces the first inner cavity 13, and the internal space 20 is therefore filled with the first fluid (oil), while in the first and second embodiments, the internal space 20 of the bellows assembly 2 is filled with the second fluid (gas) and is closed. The gas is light in mass, and its compression rebound process is relatively more sensitive.

[0030] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the bellows assembly 2 of the above embodiment may include a fixed portion 21, a movable portion 22 and a bellows 23. The bellows 23 may be made of metal, such as austenitic stainless steel, and the bellows 23 may also be fully corrugated. One end of the bellows 23 is connected to the fixed portion 21 and is disposed in the sleeve 1 through the fixed portion 21. The other end of the bellows 23 is connected to the movable portion 22 and the bellows 23 is extended and retracted as the movable portion 22 moves. Accordingly, the fixed portion 21, the movable portion 22 and the wall of the bellows 23 may separate a first inner cavity 13 and a second inner cavity 14 that are independent of each other in the sleeve 1. The following example further introduces the separation of the inner cavity of the sleeve 1 by the bellows assembly 2.

[0031] In the first example, in the first embodiment as above, the fixing part 21 and the second seal 12 can be constructed as one piece. For example, the fixing part 21 is an annular structure constructed on the end surface of the second seal 12 and protruding from the end surface. The annular structure is used to realize a fixed and sealed connection between one end of the bellows 23 and the second seal 12. The one-piece construction can obtain a better sealing effect, thereby preventing the fluid from leaking through the connection between the fixing part 21 and the second seal 12. The other end of the bellows 23 is sealed by the movable part 22 to isolate the internal space of the bellows 23 from the external space such as the first inner cavity 13, thereby separating the spaces of the two fluids. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in order to realize the movement of the movable part 22 along the axial direction of the sleeve 1, an annular guide component is provided on the movable part 22. The annular guide component can be made of plastic material, and the annular guide component is located between the outer wall of the bellows 23 and the inner wall of the sleeve 1 (for example, the annular guide component is fitted with the outer edge end of the sealing component at the end of the bellows 23). The annular guide component is used to ensure that the bellows 23 can be extended and retracted along the axial direction of the sleeve 1, and the annular guide component is provided with an inwardly concave guide notch 221, and the fluid flows into the gap between the bellows 23 and the sleeve 1 through the guide notch 221. A cutting opening 222 is also formed on the annular guide component, and the cutting opening 222 allows the annular guide component to be unfolded to facilitate installation.

[0032] Second example. In the second embodiment as above, in order to make the opening of the bellows assembly 2 face the second inner cavity 14, this example fixes the fixed part 21 to the inner wall of the sleeve 1, and the second inner cavity 14 is formed by the space defined by the fixed part 21 and the second seal 12 in the sleeve 1; and the movable part 22 is arranged between the fixed part 21 and the first seal 11, and the movable part 22 can move along the axial direction in the sleeve 1 to achieve telescoping, and the first inner cavity 13 is formed by the space defined by the movable part 22 and the first seal 11 in the sleeve 1; one end of the bellows 23 is sealed and connected to the movable part 22, and the other end is connected to the fixed part 21, and the fixed part 21 does not seal the end of the bellows 23, so that the internal space 20 of the bellows 23 is connected to the second inner cavity 14.

[0033] The third example, refer to Figure 3 As shown, in the third embodiment as above, in order to make the opening of the bellows assembly 2 face the first inner cavity 13, the fixed part 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 1 in this example, and the first inner cavity 13 is formed by the space defined between the fixed part 21 and the first sealing member 11 in the sleeve 1; the movable part 22 is arranged between the fixed part 21 and the second sealing member 12, and the movable part 22 can move along the axial direction in the sleeve 1 to achieve telescoping, and the second inner cavity 14 is formed by the space defined between the movable part 22 and the second sealing member 12 in the sleeve 1; one end of the bellows 23 is connected to the fixed part 21, and the other end is sealedly connected to the movable part 22, and the fixed part 21 does not seal the end of the bellows 23, so that the internal space 20 of the bellows is connected to the first inner cavity 13.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in the specific implementation, in the above embodiments and examples, the second seal 12 is also formed with a second fluid inlet and outlet 16, which is connected to a space in the sleeve 1 that is independent of the first inner cavity 13 (for example, the internal space 20 in the first example, and the second inner cavity 14 in the second and third examples). The sleeve 1 is provided with a first fluid inlet and outlet 15, which is located on a side close to the first seal 11 and is connected to the first inner cavity 13. When the internal space 20 is connected to the first inner cavity 13 or the second inner cavity 14, the internal space 20 is filled with fluid and released through the corresponding fluid inlet and outlet.

[0035] Sleeve 1 Reference Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the sleeve 1 includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the inner diameter of the second sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the first sleeve, and the inner wall of the second sleeve is connected to the outer wall of the first sleeve, and the fixing portion 21 is arranged at the connection, so as to facilitate the assembly of the shock absorber, for example, the bellows 23 is first welded and fixed at a predetermined connection, and then the first sleeve and the second sleeve are welded and connected. In addition, the first inner cavity 13 is located in the first sleeve, and in order to prevent the first fluid from accelerating when flowing toward the bellows 23 due to pressure changes, the minimum inner diameter of the bellows 23 is the same as the inner diameter of the first sleeve 1, so as to ensure that the flow cross-section size is the same, and prevent the fluid from accelerating and forming a large impact force, causing damage to the bellows 23.

[0036] Piston assembly 3 Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the piston assembly 3 includes a piston body 32, and a guide ring 33 and a sealing ring 34 arranged on the outer periphery of the piston body 32, and the piston body 32 is connected to the piston rod 4. When the piston rod 4 is driven, the piston body 32 moves in the sleeve 1, and the guide ring 33 ensures that the movement direction of the piston body 32 is in the axial direction of the sleeve 1. The sealing ring 34 ensures that there is no gap between the piston body 32 and the inner wall of the sleeve 1, and the flow structure 31 is arranged on the piston body 32. Exemplarily, the circulation structure 31 includes a first through hole 311 and a second through hole 312 , and a first valve sheet group 313 and a second valve sheet group 314 . Among them, the first through hole 311 and the second through hole 312 both penetrate the piston body 32 along the axial direction of the sleeve 1, and the first valve plate group 313 is independently arranged at the first end of the piston body 32, and the second valve plate group 314 is independently arranged at the second end of the piston body 32, and the first valve plate group 313 can move along the axial direction to approach or move away from the first end face 321, and the second valve plate group 314 can move along the axial direction to approach or move away from the second end face 322; and, when the first valve plate group 313 is close to the first end face 321, the inlet and outlet of the first through hole 311 close to the first end is closed by the first valve plate group 313, and the inlet and outlet of the second through hole 312 close to the first end remains connected for fluid to flow in, similarly, when the second valve plate group 314 is close to the second end face 322, the inlet and outlet of the first through hole 311 close to the second end remains connected for fluid to flow in, and the inlet and outlet of the second through hole 312 close to the second end is closed by the second valve plate group 314.

[0037] The first valve plate group 313 may be a single valve plate arranged on the corresponding end surface, or may be a plurality of stacked valve plates arranged on the corresponding end surface. Figure 5 As shown, in one example, a connecting hole is provided on the first valve sheet group 313, and the position of the connecting hole corresponds to the position of the second through hole 312. In order to ensure that the connecting hole can be aligned with the second through hole 312 when the first valve sheet group 313 is close to the first end face 321, a positioning matching structure can also be provided on the surface of the valve sheet (group) and the surface it contacts (such as the first end face 321), for example, a protrusion structure (such as a hemispherical protrusion, a triangular annular protrusion) is provided on one side, and a concave structure (such as a hemispherical concave, a triangular annular concave) matched with the protrusion is provided on the other side. This positioning matching structure enables the connecting hole to be aligned with the second through hole 312 without deviation when the surface of the valve sheet (group) is close to the surface it contacts. The arrangement of the second valve sheet group 314 and its positioning matching structure with the second end face 322 are similar to this.

[0038] Reference Figure 5 As shown, in another example, a first notch 3210 is formed on the first end surface 321 at a position corresponding to the end of the second through hole 312, and a second notch 3220 is formed on the second end surface 322 at a position corresponding to the end of the first through hole 311. The first notch 3210 ensures that when the first valve plate group 313 is close to the first end surface 321, there is still a gap between the first valve plate group 313 and the end of the second through hole 312 for fluid to flow in, and the second notch 3220 ensures that when the second valve plate group 314 is close to the second end surface 322, there is still a gap between the second valve plate group 314 and the end of the first through hole 311 for fluid to flow in.

[0039] The above description provides a detailed and comprehensive discussion of the shock absorber in the present application. Therefore, those skilled in the art can implement the shock absorber of the present application example based on these contents, and use it to reduce shock to the relevant structures of the automobile, and it has good reliability and fast response speed to vibration.

[0040] Furthermore, the inventors found that the shock absorber relies on the volume change of the fluid cavity to buffer the pressure difference between the two fluids (gas and liquid) to achieve shock absorption. The fluid filling and packaging operation of the shock absorber is an important part of determining the shock absorption performance. Improper fluid filling operation may cause the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the bellows 23 to be too large, causing damage or affecting the service life.

[0041] To this end, the embodiment of the present application further proposes a packaging method for a shock absorber, which includes the following steps S100 to S500: Step S100, providing a hollow sleeve 1, a first sealing member 11 and a second sealing member 12, as well as a bellows assembly 2, a piston assembly 3, and a piston rod 4, and assembling them to obtain the shock absorber of the aforementioned embodiment; Step S200: drive the piston rod 4 to move until the piston rod 4 contacts the proximal end of the bellows assembly 2 (eg Figure 1 , Figure 3 The left end of the bellows assembly 2 is shown in the figure), and a second fluid (such as gas) is filled into the space at the other end of the bellows assembly 2 through the second fluid inlet and outlet 16 until an internal pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa is obtained in the space; Step S300, evacuating the first inner cavity 13 and filling it with the first fluid in turn through the first fluid inlet and outlet 15, and after the first inner cavity 13 is filled with the first fluid, connecting the first fluid inlet and outlet 15 to a relief valve with a first preset pressure (determined according to design requirements); Step S400, filling the second fluid into the internal space 20 through the second fluid inlet and outlet 16 until a second preset pressure (determined according to design requirements) is obtained in the internal space 20, in which the second preset pressure obtained by the internal space 20 is greater than 0.3 MPa; and, Step S500 , after the first fluid and the second fluid are filled to reach the desired design pressure by using the overflow valve, the second fluid inlet and outlet 16 are blocked, and the overflow valve is removed and the first fluid inlet and outlet 15 are blocked.

[0042] During the shock absorber packaging process, a portion of the second fluid is first filled through the second fluid inlet and outlet 16 to reach 0.1 to 0.3 MPa, and the first inner cavity 13 is filled with the first fluid under this pressure state; the first fluid acts on the bellows 23 to compress the bellows 23. In order to prevent the bellows 23 from being over-compressed, here, before the first fluid is filled, the internal space 20 of the bellows assembly 2 has been pre-filled with a portion of the second fluid to protect the bellows 23. After being filled with the first fluid, the second fluid is filled into the internal space 20 again. At this time, due to the incompressibility of the first fluid, the bellows 23 can be prevented from being burst. Over-compression means that the bellows is compressed beyond the limit and cannot rebound normally.

[0043] Further, in some examples, when the shock absorber of the first embodiment and the second embodiment is implemented in step 200, the bellows assembly 2 is first compressed by the stroke of the piston rod 4, and then the second fluid inlet and outlet 16 is passed. When the piston rod 4 contacts and further presses the bellows assembly 2 to be in a compressed state, the maximum extension state of the bellows assembly 2 is limited. The present application performs vacuuming in this state, which can prevent the bellows 23 from being damaged by excessive stretching during the packaging process.

[0044] When the shock absorber of the third embodiment is subjected to step 200, the piston rod 4 is driven to contact the proximal end of the bellows assembly 2 (such as Figure 3 The left end of the diagram) is set so that the bellows assembly 2 is in a free state (i.e., freely stretched), and then the second fluid is filled into the second inner cavity 14 through the second fluid inlet and outlet 16 until an internal pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa is obtained.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further propose a vehicle, which includes the aforementioned shock absorber or a shock absorber packaged based on the aforementioned method.

[0046] It should be noted here that: the above vehicle and shock absorber packaging method include the shock absorber described in the above embodiment, and have the same beneficial effects as the above shock absorber embodiment, so no further description is given. For technical details not disclosed in the vehicle embodiment and shock absorber packaging method embodiment of the present application, technicians in this field should refer to the above description of the shock absorber for understanding, and no further description is given here to save space.

[0047] In the above description of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "fixed", "installed", "connected" or "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, with regard to the term "connection", it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Therefore, unless otherwise clearly defined in the present application, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] According to the above description of the present application, those skilled in the art may also understand that the terms used below, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "length", "width", "thickness", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "clockwise" or "counterclockwise", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings of the present application, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the explanation of the scheme of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than explicitly or implicitly indicating that the device or element involved must have the specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above-mentioned orientation or positional relationship terms cannot be understood or interpreted as limitations on the scheme of the present application.

[0049] In addition, the terms "first" or "second" used in this application to refer to numbers or ordinals are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as explicitly or implicitly indicating relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0050] Although multiple embodiments of the present application have been shown and described herein, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided only by way of example. Those skilled in the art can think of many changes, modifications and alternatives without departing from the thought and spirit of the present application. It should be understood that in the process of practicing the present application, various alternatives to the embodiments of the present application described herein can be adopted. The attached claims are intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application, and therefore cover equivalents or alternatives within the scope of these claims.

Claims

1. A shock absorber, characterized in that: include: A hollow sleeve, wherein a first seal and a second seal are respectively provided at both ends of the sleeve, wherein the first seal is provided with a mounting hole penetrating along the axial direction of the sleeve; a first inner cavity is formed between the first seal and the second seal, and the first inner cavity is used to be filled with a first fluid; a bellows assembly, disposed in the sleeve and subjected to the pressure of the first fluid, and capable of expansion and contraction along the axial direction when the pressure changes, wherein the expansion and contraction can adjust the size of the internal space of the bellows assembly to buffer the pressure change in the first inner cavity, and the internal space is independent of or connected to the first inner cavity; a piston assembly, disposed in the first inner cavity and movable along the axial direction, the piston assembly being provided with a flow structure for the flow of a first fluid; and A piston rod is inserted into the mounting hole and connected to the piston assembly, and a sealing element is provided between the mounting hole and the piston rod. The piston rod is driven to move in the sleeve to change the pressure.

2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the bellows assembly is fixedly connected to the second sealing member, and the other end can move along the axial direction to achieve the expansion and contraction when the pressure changes, and the internal space is independent of the first inner cavity, and the gap between the bellows assembly and the sleeve is connected to the first inner cavity.

3. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that A second inner cavity is also formed between the first seal and the second seal, the second inner cavity is independent of the first inner cavity, and the first inner cavity is defined by the bellows assembly and the first seal in the sleeve, and the second inner cavity is defined by the bellows assembly and the second seal in the sleeve, one of the first inner cavity and the second inner cavity is communicated with the internal space of the bellows assembly, and the other is communicated with the gap between the bellows assembly and the sleeve.

4. The shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bellows assembly comprises: a fixing portion, wherein the fixing portion is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the second inner cavity is defined and formed by the fixing portion and the second sealing member; a movable portion, disposed between the fixed portion and the first sealing member, and the movable portion can move along the axial direction in the sleeve to achieve the telescopic movement, and the first inner cavity is defined and formed by the movable portion and the first sealing member; and, A bellows, one end of which is sealed and connected to the movable part, the other end of which is connected to the fixed part, and the inner space of the bellows is in communication with the second inner cavity.

5. The shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bellows assembly comprises: a fixing portion, wherein the fixing portion is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the first inner cavity is defined and formed by the fixing portion and the first sealing member; a movable portion, disposed between the fixed portion and the second sealing member, wherein the movable portion is movable in the sleeve along the axial direction to achieve the telescoping, and the second inner cavity is defined by the movable portion and the second sealing member; and A bellows, one end of which is connected to the fixed part, the other end of which is sealed and connected to the movable part, and the inner space of the bellows is communicated with the first inner cavity.

6. The shock absorber according to claim 2, 4 or 5, characterized in that A second fluid inlet and outlet is formed on the second sealing member, and the second fluid inlet and outlet is communicated with a space independent of the first inner cavity; Furthermore, the sleeve is provided with a first fluid inlet and outlet, and the first fluid inlet and outlet is communicated with the first inner cavity.

7. The shock absorber according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The sleeve includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the inner diameter of the second sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the first sleeve, and the inner wall of the second sleeve is connected to the outer wall of the first sleeve, the fixing part is arranged at the connection, the first inner cavity is located in the first sleeve, and the minimum inner diameter of the bellows is the same as the inner diameter of the first sleeve.

8. The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The piston assembly includes a piston body, and a guide ring and a sealing ring arranged on the periphery of the piston body, and the piston body is connected to the piston rod, and the flow structure is arranged on the piston body; Furthermore, the circulation structure includes: A first valve sheet group and a second valve sheet group, wherein the first valve sheet group and the second valve sheet group are independently arranged at the first end and the second end of the piston body in sequence and can move along the axial direction to approach or move away from the surface of the end; The first through hole and the second through hole both penetrate the piston body along the axial direction, and when the first valve plate group is pressed against the surface of the first end, the entrance and exit of the first through hole close to the first end are closed by the first valve plate group and the entrance and exit of the second through hole close to the first end remain connected; when the second valve plate group is pressed against the surface of the second end, the entrance and exit of the first through hole close to the second end remain connected and the entrance and exit of the second through hole close to the second end are closed by the second valve plate group.

9. A method for packaging a shock absorber, characterized in that: The steps include: Providing a hollow sleeve, a first seal and a second seal, as well as a bellows assembly, a piston assembly, and a piston rod, and assembling them to obtain the shock absorber according to claim 6; The piston rod is driven to contact the proximal end of the bellows assembly, and the second fluid is filled into the space at the other end of the bellows assembly through the second fluid inlet and outlet until an internal pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 MPa is obtained; Sequentially evacuating the first inner cavity and filling it with the first fluid through the first fluid inlet and outlet, and after the first inner cavity is filled with the first fluid, connecting the first fluid inlet and outlet to a relief valve with a first preset pressure; Filling the inner space with a second fluid through the second fluid inlet and outlet to a second preset pressure state; as well as, The second fluid inlet and outlet are blocked, and the relief valve is removed and the first fluid inlet and outlet are blocked.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises the shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or the shock absorber packaged according to the method of claim 9.

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