A measuring device and method for correcting the torsional error of the guide groove of an inclinometer tube

Abstract

The present invention discloses a measuring device and method for correcting the torsional error of an inclinometer guide groove. The measuring device includes a data acquisition mechanism, an inclinometer tube, and an inclinometer guide groove torsional angle measuring mechanism extending into the inclinometer tube and connected to the data acquisition mechanism. First guide grooves, second guide grooves, third guide grooves, and fourth guide grooves are sequentially and equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the inclinometer tube. The method includes the steps of: 1. Burying the inclinometer tube; 2. Installing the measuring device; 3. Measuring the torsional angle of the inclinometer tube; 4. Measuring the displacement of the inclinometer tube; 5. Calculating the torsional correction of the inclinometer guide groove. The present invention, through the measuring device composed of an angle sensor and a sliding guide wheel in cooperation with the pre-buried inclinometer tube, can obtain the torsional angles of the four guide grooves on each measuring section in the inclinometer tube, calculate the relative torsional deformation angles of each measuring point of the inclinometer tube through torsional superposition calculation, and correct the displacement errors measured in different directions by the inclinometer. The calculation method is scientific and reasonable and can reflect the true deformation situation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering monitoring and detection, and particularly relates to a measuring device and method for correcting the torsional error of the guide groove of an inclinometer tube. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, it is often necessary to observe the deep horizontal displacement of foundation pits, slopes, retaining walls, etc., and the vertical displacement of horizontal pipe curtains, etc. An inclinometer is a commonly used monitoring instrument for observing deep horizontal and vertical displacements. When using the inclinometer method to observe displacement, the inclinometer tube needs to be passed through a vertical borehole through the unstable soil layer to the lower stable stratum or drilled through the entire pipe curtain in the horizontal pipe curtain. The inclinometer probe is positioned by relying on the guide groove of the inclinometer tube. The torsion of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube will cause the deflection of the actual measurement azimuth angle of the inclinometer, and it is impossible to determine the actual displacement direction and magnitude inside the stratum. The torsional error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube is generally caused by the following reasons: First, due to the influence of the material and manufacturing process of the inclinometer tube, the torsional angle of the guide groove is relatively large; second, the length of the inclinometer tube is relatively large. After multiple inclinometer tubes are connected, the torsional angles of the guide grooves are superimposed, resulting in a greater change in the torsional angle; third, after the inclinometer tube is buried in the monitoring object, under the action of external forces, the guide groove is distorted. Therefore, in order to accurately measure the internal displacement of the rock and soil mass, it is necessary to observe the torsional angle of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube before the internal displacement monitoring, so as to correct the measurement results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a measuring device for correcting the torsional error of the guide groove of an inclinometer tube in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. The design is novel and reasonable. Through the measuring device composed of an angle sensor and a sliding guide wheel in cooperation with the pre-buried inclinometer tube, the torsional angles of the four guide grooves on each measuring section in the inclinometer tube can be obtained. By calculating the torsional superposition, the relative torsional deformation angles of each measuring point of the inclinometer tube can be obtained, and the displacement errors measured by the inclinometer in different directions can be corrected. The calculation method is scientific and reasonable, can reflect the real deformation situation, and is convenient for popularization and use.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A measuring device for correcting the torsional error of the guide groove of an inclinometer tube, characterized in that: it includes a data acquisition mechanism arranged on the ground, an inclinometer tube extending into the stratum, and an inclinometer tube guide groove torsional angle measuring mechanism extending into the inclinometer tube and connected to the data acquisition mechanism through a cable. The inner wall of the inclinometer tube is provided with a first guide groove, a second guide groove, a third guide groove, and a fourth guide groove at equal intervals along the circumferential direction in sequence;

[0005] The inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism includes a measuring rod. One end of the measuring rod close to the data acquisition mechanism is connected to a fixed sleeve for installing an angle sensor through a protective sleeve. The other end of the fixed sleeve is connected to a third connecting rod. The end of the measuring rod far from the data acquisition mechanism is sequentially connected to a second connecting rod and a first connecting rod. A first sliding guide wheel that cooperates with the first guide groove and the third guide groove is arranged on the first connecting rod. A second sliding guide wheel that cooperates with the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove is arranged on the second connecting rod. A third sliding guide wheel that cooperates with the first guide groove and the third guide groove is arranged on the third connecting rod. A driven gear is arranged at one end of the angle sensor connected to the measuring rod. A transmission hole that cooperates with the driven gear is arranged at the end of the measuring rod connected to the angle sensor. A first sliding groove with an annular structure is opened on the measuring rod. The protective sleeve is sleeved outside the measuring rod and the fixed sleeve. The protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve. A second sliding groove is opened on the inner side wall of the end of the protective sleeve connected to the measuring rod. A circle of ball bearings is arranged between the second sliding groove and the first sliding groove. The data cable of the angle sensor passes through the inside of the third connecting rod and is connected to the data transmission interface.

[0006] The above-mentioned measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the inclinometer tube guide groove is characterized in that: a cable fixing mechanism for limiting the cable is installed at the top of the inclinometer tube.

[0007] The above-mentioned measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the inclinometer tube guide groove is characterized in that: a lifting ring is arranged at the end of the first connecting rod;

[0008] When the inclinometer tube is arranged vertically, the bottom of the inclinometer tube is closed, and a protective cap is threadedly connected to the end of the first connecting rod;

[0009] When the inclinometer tube is arranged horizontally, the protective cap does not need to be installed at the end of the inclinometer tube, and a steel wire rope connected to the lifting ring is reserved in the inclinometer tube, and the steel wire rope always remains in a stretched state.

[0010] The above-mentioned measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the inclinometer tube guide groove is characterized in that: the second connecting rod and the first connecting rod are connected by a connecting pin, the fixed sleeve and the third connecting rod are connected by a connecting pin, and a plurality of connecting holes are opened on the side of the measuring rod close to the second connecting rod. The connecting pin passes through the connecting hole to connect the measuring rod and the second connecting rod.

[0011] The above-mentioned measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the inclinometer tube guide groove is characterized in that: a plurality of second screw holes are opened at the end of the protective sleeve connected to the fixed sleeve, a plurality of first screw holes are opened on the fixed sleeve, the number of the first screw holes is equal to and corresponds to the number of the second screw holes one by one, and a fixing screw passes through the second screw hole and the first screw hole to fixedly connect the protective sleeve and the fixed sleeve. A sensor fixing hole for fixing the angle sensor is opened on the fixed sleeve.

[0012] Meanwhile, the present invention also discloses a method for correcting the measurement of the torsional error of the inclinometer tube guide groove, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Bury the inclinometer tube, and the process is as follows:

[0014] Step 101: Connect the inclinometer tubes section by section, and seal the positions of the bottom end of the inclinometer tube and the pipe cap, as well as the joints between adjacent inclinometer tubes;

[0015] Step 102: After the inclinometer tube is in place, adjust the directions of the first guide groove, the second guide groove, the third guide groove, and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer tube so that a pair of guide grooves of the inclinometer tube are along the main measurement direction;

[0016] Step 103: Fill the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitoring object with filler;

[0017] Step 2: Install the measuring device: Install the measuring mechanism for the torsional angle of the inclinometer tube guide groove into the inclinometer tube, connect the cable to the data transmission interface, connect the other end of the cable to the data acquisition mechanism, and fix the cable fixing mechanism to the pipe orifice of the inclinometer tube on the data acquisition side to make the cable centered;

[0018] Step 3: Measure the torsional angle of the inclinometer tube, and the process is as follows:

[0019] Step 301: The operator pays out the cable according to the pre-set pay-out displacement L, where L is the sectional distance of the measuring point, and reads the value after the data of the data acquisition mechanism is stable, and measures the torsional angle β of the inclinometer tube in the plane of the first guide groove and the third guide groove at the i-th section of the first guide groove and the third guide groove Ai , where i is the serial number of the measuring section and i = 1, 2,...., n, and n is the total number of measuring sections;

[0020] Step 302: Repeat Step 301 until the measurement is completed. The total measurement distance is S. During the measurement process, the center line of the measuring device always coincides with the center line of the inclinometer tube. During the process of paying out the cable for the horizontal torsional angle, the steel wire rope is always kept in a stretched state;

[0021] Step 303: Rotate both the measuring mechanism for the torsional angle of the inclinometer tube guide groove and the inclinometer tube by 90°, and repeat Steps 301 to 302 to obtain the torsional angle β of the inclinometer tube in the plane of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove at the i-th section of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove Bi ;

[0022] Step 4: Measure the displacement of the inclinometer tube, and the process is as follows:

[0023] Step 401: When measuring the displacement of the inclinometer tube, the operator pays out the probe head at the same distance as when measuring the torsional angle of the inclinometer tube, and the position of each measuring point is the same as the position of the measuring point for the torsional angle of the inclinometer

[0024] Step 402: Calculate the displacement Δ of the inclinometer tube in the first and third guide grooves in the plane where the first and third guide grooves are located in the i-th section according to the formula where U Ai is the probe voltage measured in the forward direction at the current position of the angle sensor, U Ai1 is the probe voltage measured in the reverse direction at the current position of the angle sensor, K is the accelerometer scale factor in the angle sensor, and G is the acceleration due to gravity of the earth; Ai2

[0025] Step 403: Rotate the measuring mechanism for the torsional angle of the guide grooves of the inclinometer tube by 90°, and repeat Steps 401 to 402 to obtain the displacement Δ of the inclinometer tube in the second and fourth guide grooves in the plane where the second and fourth guide grooves are located in the i-th section Bi ;

[0026] Step Five: Torsion correction calculation of the guide grooves of the inclinometer tube, the process is as follows:

[0027] Step 501: Calculate the cumulative torsional angle β of the bottom relative to the top of the i-th section of the guide grooves of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first and third guide grooves are located according to the formula β Ai总 = ∑β Ai ; Ai总

[0028] Calculate the cumulative torsional angle β of the bottom relative to the top of the i-th section of the guide grooves of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the second and fourth guide grooves are located according to the formula β Bi总 = ∑β Bi ; Bi总

[0029] Step 502: Perform vector calculation on the displacement in the direction of the plane where the first and third guide grooves are located according to the formula S Ai = Δ Ai cosβ Ai总 + Δ Bi sinβ Bi总 to obtain the corrected relative displacement S Ai in the direction of the i-th section in the plane where the first and third guide grooves are located;

[0030] Perform vector calculation on the displacement in the direction of the plane where the second and fourth guide grooves are located according to the formula S Bi = Δ Ai sinβ Ai总 + Δ Bi cosβ Bi总 to obtain the corrected relative displacement S Bi in the direction of the i-th section in the plane where the second and fourth guide grooves are located;

[0031] Step 503: According to the formula Calculate the corrected relative displacement S of the i-th section of the inclinometer tube i ;

[0032] Step 504. According to the formula S i总 = ∑S i , calculate the corrected cumulative relative displacement S i总 of the i-th section of the inclinometer tube chute relative to the top

[0033] The above method for correcting the measurement of the torsional error of the inclinometer tube chute is characterized in that: in step 103, the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitoring object is filled with packing material to ensure that the backfill between the inclinometer tube and the borehole is dense, so that the inclinometer tube and the surrounding soil become an integral body, and at the same time, it should have approximate mechanical properties with the surrounding formation soil, so that the deformation of the inclinometer tube and the monitoring formation soil is coordinated, and it is ensured that the formation deformation is transmitted to the inclinometer tube through the filling material, and the true deformation of the formation is reflected timely and accurately

[0034] The above method for correcting the measurement of the torsional error of the inclinometer tube chute is characterized in that: the value range of the sectional distance L of the measuring point is 1m to 1.5m

[0035] The present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art

[0036] 1. The measuring device adopted by the present invention has a reasonable structural design, simple and clear installation and measurement steps. Each part of the device can be detachably connected, which is convenient to carry. If any part is damaged, it can be disassembled and replaced and then continue to be used. The operation is simple, convenient to store, time-saving and labor-saving

[0037] 2. The measuring device adopted by the present invention is equipped with a mounting eyebolt and a protective cap, which can not only measure in the horizontal direction but also measure the torsional angle of the vertical inclinometer tube chute. The horizontal torsional angle of the inclinometer tube chute is measured by pulling the eyebolt with a wire rope. When measuring vertically, the protective cap slows down the collision with the measuring device, maintaining the accuracy of the measurement and improving the reusability of the device

[0038] 3. One end of the protective sleeve of the present invention is connected by a fixed bolt, and the other end is connected by a bearing structure, avoiding the adverse effect of the welding high temperature on the angle sensor. The bearing connection makes the device more integral and reduces friction, ensuring the measurement accuracy

[0039] 4. The present invention installs a cable fixing mechanism at the mouth of the inclinometer tube, which can ensure that the cable always remains centered during the horizontal or vertical deformation measurement process, so as to ensure that the distance from each cable section to the measuring device is the same during each measurement process, ensuring that the measuring device is in the same position during each measurement, reducing the measurement error, having high reusability and accurate and reliable measurement data

[0040] 5. The design of the present invention is novel and reasonable. By means of the measuring device composed of an angle sensor and a sliding guide wheel, cooperating with the embedded inclinometer tube, the torsional angles of the four guide grooves on each measuring section in the inclinometer tube can be obtained. Through torsional superposition calculation, the relative torsional deformation angles of each measuring point of the inclinometer tube can be obtained, and the displacement errors measured in different directions by the inclinometer are corrected. The calculation method is scientific and reasonable, can reflect the real deformation situation, and is convenient for popularization and use.

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 is the usage effect diagram of the measuring device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring device of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged structural schematic diagram at P in

[0045] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed sleeve of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the connecting rod of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the protective sleeve of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the torsional correction calculation principle of the inclinometer tube guide groove of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 8 is the cumulative total displacement at the end of the inclinometer tube after error correction of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 9 is the flow block diagram of the method of the present invention.

[0051] DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0052] 1 - Inclinometer tube; 2 - Measuring mechanism for torsional angle of inclinometer tube guide groove;

[0053] 3 - Data acquisition mechanism; 4 - Cable; 5 - Cable fixing mechanism;

[0054] 6 - Ground; 7 - Protective cap; 8 - Suspension ring;

[0055] 9-1 - First sliding guide wheel; 9-2 - Second sliding guide wheel; 9-3 - Third sliding guide wheel;

[0056] 10 - Connecting nail; 10-1 - Connecting hole; 11 - Protective sleeve;

[0057] 11 - 1—Second screw hole; 11 - 2—Second chute; 12—Fixing screw

[0058] 13—Data transmission interface; 14—Angle sensor; 14 - 1—Driven gear

[0059] 15—Fixing sleeve; 15 - 1—Sensor fixing hole; 15 - 2—First screw hole

[0060] 16—Ball; 17—Measuring rod; 17 - 2—Transmission hole

[0061] 17 - 3—First chute; 18 - 1—First connecting rod; 18 - 2—Second connecting rod

[0062] 18 - 3—Third connecting rod Detailed implementation mode

[0063] In order to enable those skilled in the art of the present technology to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0064] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, a measuring device for correcting the torsional error of the inclinometer guide groove according to the present invention includes a data acquisition mechanism 3 arranged on the ground 6, an inclinometer tube 1 extending into the formation, and an inclinometer guide groove torsional angle measuring mechanism 2 extending into the inclinometer tube 1 and connected to the data acquisition mechanism 3 through a cable 4. First guide grooves, second guide grooves, third guide grooves, and fourth guide grooves are successively and equally spaced along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the inclinometer tube 1;

[0065] The inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism 2 includes a measuring rod 17. One end of the measuring rod 17 close to the data acquisition mechanism 3 is connected to a fixed sleeve 15 for installing an angle sensor 14 through a protective sleeve 11. The other end of the fixed sleeve 15 is connected to a third connecting rod 18-3. The end of the measuring rod 17 far from the data acquisition mechanism 3 is successively connected to a second connecting rod 18-2 and a first connecting rod 18-1. A first sliding guide wheel 9-1 that cooperates with the first guide groove and the third guide groove is arranged on the first connecting rod 18-1. A second sliding guide wheel 9-2 that cooperates with the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove is arranged on the second connecting rod 18-2. A third sliding guide wheel 9-3 that cooperates with the first guide groove and the third guide groove is arranged on the third connecting rod 18-3. One end of the angle sensor 14 connected to the measuring rod 17 is provided with a driven gear 14-1. One end of the measuring rod 17 connected to the angle sensor 14 is provided with a transmission hole 17-2 that cooperates with the driven gear 14-1. A first sliding groove 17-3 with an annular structure is opened on the measuring rod 17. The protective sleeve 11 is sleeved outside the measuring rod 17 and the fixed sleeve 15. The protective sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve 15. A second sliding groove 11-2 is opened on the inner side wall of the end of the protective sleeve 11 connected to the measuring rod 17. A circle of ball bearings 16 is arranged between the second sliding groove 11-2 and the first sliding groove 17-3. The data cable of the angle sensor 14 passes through the inside of the third connecting rod 18-3 and is connected to the data transmission interface 13.

[0066] In this embodiment, a cable fixing mechanism 5 for limiting the cable 4 is installed at the top of the inclinometer tube 1.

[0067] In this embodiment, a lifting ring 8 is arranged at the end of the first connecting rod 18-1;

[0068] When the inclinometer tube 1 is vertically arranged, the bottom of the inclinometer tube 1 is closed, and a protective cap 7 is threadedly connected to the end of the first connecting rod 18-1;

[0069] When the inclinometer tube 1 is horizontally arranged, the protective cap 7 does not need to be installed at the end of the inclinometer tube 1. A steel wire rope connected to the lifting ring 8 is reserved in the inclinometer tube, and the steel wire rope always remains in a stretched state.

[0070] In this embodiment, the second connecting rod 18-2 and the first connecting rod 18-1 are connected by a connecting pin 10. The fixed sleeve 15 and the third connecting rod 18-3 are connected by a connecting pin 10. A plurality of connecting holes 10-1 are opened on one side of the measuring rod 17 close to the second connecting rod 18-2. The connecting pin 10 passes through the connecting holes 10-1 to connect the measuring rod 17 and the second connecting rod 18-2.

[0071] In this embodiment, a plurality of second screw holes 11-1 are formed at one end of the protective sleeve 11 connected to the fixed sleeve 15. A plurality of first screw holes 15-2 are formed on the fixed sleeve 15. The number of the first screw holes 15-2 is equal to and corresponds to the number of the second screw holes 11-1 one by one. The fixing screw 12 passes through the second screw hole 11-1 and the first screw hole 15-2 to fixedly connect the protective sleeve 11 and the fixed sleeve 15. A sensor fixing hole 15-1 for fixing the angle sensor 14 is formed on the fixed sleeve 15.

[0072] It should be noted that the measuring device has a reasonable structural design, simple and clear installation and measurement steps. Each part of the device can be detachably connected, which is convenient for carrying. If any part is damaged, it can be disassembled and replaced for continued use. The operation is simple, convenient for storage, time-saving and labor-saving; by installing the hanging ring and the protective cap, the horizontal measurement and the torsional angle of the vertical inclinometer guide groove can be measured. The horizontal torsional angle of the inclinometer guide groove is measured by pulling the hanging ring with a steel wire rope. When measuring vertically, the collision on the measuring device is reduced by the protective cap, maintaining the measurement accuracy and improving the reusability of the device; one end of the protective sleeve is fixedly connected by bolts and the other end is connected by a bearing structure, avoiding the adverse effect of the welding high temperature on the angle sensor. The bearing connection makes the device more integral and reduces friction, ensuring the measurement accuracy; by installing a cable fixing mechanism at the inclinometer pipe orifice, it can ensure that the cable always remains centered during the horizontal or vertical deformation measurement process, so as to ensure that the distance from each cable section to the measuring device is the same during each measurement process, ensuring that the measuring device is in the same position during each measurement, reducing the measurement error, having high reusability and accurate and reliable measurement data; through the measuring device composed of an angle sensor and a sliding guide wheel in cooperation with the embedded inclinometer pipe, the torsional angles of the four guide grooves on each measuring section in the inclinometer pipe can be obtained. By calculating the torsional superposition, the relative torsional deformation angles of each measuring point of the inclinometer pipe can be obtained, and the displacement errors measured in different directions by the inclinometer are corrected. The calculation method is scientific and reasonable and can reflect the real deformation situation.

[0073] As Figures 7 to 9 shown, a method for correcting the measurement of the torsional error of the inclinometer guide groove includes the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: Bury the inclinometer pipe, and the process is as follows:

[0075] Step 101: Connect the inclinometer pipes section by section, and seal the positions of the bottom end of the inclinometer pipe and the pipe cap, as well as the joints between adjacent inclinometer pipes.

[0076] Step 102: After the inclinometer pipe is in place, adjust the directions of the first guide groove, the second guide groove, the third guide groove and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer pipe so that a pair of guide grooves of the inclinometer pipe are along the main measurement direction.

[0077] Step 103, filling the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitored object with a filler;

[0078] Step 2: Install the measuring device: install the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism into the inclinometer tube, connect the cable to the data transmission interface, connect the other end of the cable to the data acquisition mechanism 3, and fix the cable fixing mechanism 5 to the inclinometer tube mouth on the data acquisition side to center the cable;

[0079] Step 3: Measure the torsion angle of the inclinometer casing. The process is as follows:

[0080] Step 301: The operator lays out the line according to the preset line-laying displacement L using the marks on the cable, where L is the segment distance of the measuring point. After the data of the data acquisition mechanism 3 is stable, the reading is taken to measure the torsion angle β of the first guide groove and the third guide groove of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located in the i-th segment. Ai , where i is the measurement segment number and i=1,2,....,n, and n is the total number of measurement segments;

[0081] Step 302, repeat step 301 until the measurement is completed, and the total measured distance is S. During the measurement process, the center line of the measuring device always coincides with the center line of the inclinometer tube, and during the horizontal torsion angle pay-off process, the wire rope is always kept in a stretched state;

[0082] Step 303: rotate the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism and the inclinometer tube by 90°, repeat steps 301 to 302, and obtain the torsion angle β of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer tube in the i-th section in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located. Bi ;

[0083] Step 4: Measure the displacement of the inclinometer tube. The process is as follows:

[0084] Step 401: When measuring the displacement of the inclinometer tube, the operator lowers the probe according to the same distance measurement as that for measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer tube, and the position of each measuring point is the same as that of the measuring point for measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer;

[0085] Step 402: According to the formula Calculate the displacement Δ of the first and third guide grooves of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first and third guide grooves are located in the i-th section Ai , where U Ai1 is the probe voltage measured in the forward direction at the current position of the angle sensor 14, U Ai2 is the probe voltage measured in the reverse direction at the current position of the angle sensor 14, K is the accelerometer scale factor in the angle sensor 14, and G is the earth's gravitational acceleration;

[0086] Step 403: Rotate the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism by 90°, and repeat Steps 401 to 402 to obtain the displacement Δ of the inclinometer tube in the second and fourth guide grooves in the plane of the second and fourth guide grooves at the i-th section. Bi ; as Figure 7 shown in O2B.

[0087] Step Five: Inclinometer tube guide groove torsion correction calculation, the process is as follows:

[0088] Step 501: According to the formula β Ai总 = ∑β Ai , calculate the cumulative torsion angle β Ai总 of the bottom of the i-th section of the inclinometer tube guide groove relative to the top in the plane of the first and third guide grooves;

[0089] According to the formula β Bi总 = ∑β Bi , calculate the cumulative torsion angle β Bi总 of the bottom of the i-th section of the inclinometer tube guide groove relative to the top in the plane of the second and fourth guide grooves;

[0090] Step 502: According to the formula S Ai = Δ Ai cosβ Ai总 + Δ Bi sinβ Bi总 , perform vector calculation on the displacement in the direction of the first and third guide grooves to obtain the corrected relative displacement S Ai of the i-th section in the direction of the first and third guide grooves;

[0091] According to the formula S Bi = Δ Ai sinβ Ai总 + Δ Bi cosβ Bi总 , perform vector calculation on the displacement in the direction of the second and fourth guide grooves to obtain the corrected relative displacement S Bi of the i-th section in the direction of the second and fourth guide grooves;

[0092] Step 503: According to the formula , calculate the corrected relative displacement S i of the i-th section of the inclinometer tube;

[0093] Step 504: According to the formula S i总 = ∑S i , calculate the corrected cumulative relative displacement S i总 of the i-th section of the inclinometer tube guide groove relative to the top.

[0094] As Figure 7As shown in the figure, on the bottom plane of the inclinometer tube, with the center O2 of the bottom of the inclinometer tube as the coordinate origin, the direction from the third guide groove to the first guide groove as the positive direction of the coordinate axis A, and the direction from the second guide groove to the fourth guide groove as the positive direction of the coordinate axis B, a rectangular coordinate system AO2B is established;

[0095] Taking i as n as an example, according to the formula S An = O2Acosβ An总 + O2Bsinβ Bn总 = O2A2, the displacement O2A2 corrected relative to the top in the plane direction of the first guide groove and the third guide groove is obtained, where S An is the displacement correction vector in the plane direction of the first guide groove and the third guide groove;

[0096] According to the formula S Bn = O2Asinβ An总 + O2Bcosβ Bn总 = O2B2, the displacement O2B2 corrected relative to the top in the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove is obtained, where S Bn is the displacement correction vector in the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove;

[0097] According to the formula calculate the cumulative relative displacement O2O3 corrected relative to the top at the bottom of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube; S n is the displacement correction vector of the nth section of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube.

[0098] In this embodiment, in step 103, the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitoring object is filled with filler to ensure that the backfill between the inclinometer tube and the borehole is dense, so that the inclinometer tube and the surrounding soil become an integral body. At the same time, it should have approximate mechanical properties with the surrounding stratum soil, so that the deformation of the inclinometer tube and the monitored stratum soil is coordinated, ensuring that the stratum deformation is transmitted to the inclinometer tube through the filling material, and accurately reflecting the true deformation of the stratum in a timely manner.

[0099] In this embodiment, the value range of the sectional distance L of the measuring points is 1m to 1.5m.

[0100] Example 1

[0101] This embodiment is for the measurement and correction of the torsional angle of the guide groove of the horizontal inclinometer tube buried in a horizontal hole.

[0102] In this embodiment, the angle sensor is a small-size single-turn absolute value angle sensor, with a diameter of 29mm for the angle sensor, 4 M3 mounting holes, a depth of 7mm, a driven gear diameter of 5mm, an angle measurement range: 0 to 360°, ±180°, without mechanical limit, measuring the angle using the transformer principle, without contacts, long service life, and high reliability and sensitivity.

[0103] In this embodiment, the fixed sleeve is a hollow stainless steel flange with a diameter of 38 mm and a thickness of 3 mm. On one side, there is a hollow plate with an outer diameter the same as that of the fixed sleeve, an inner diameter of 20 mm, and a thickness of 2.5 mm. The sensor fixing holes on the hollow plate correspond to the mounting holes on the angle sensor and are connected by screws. Four second screw holes with a diameter of 3 mm are evenly arranged on the barrel body.

[0104] In this embodiment, the protective sleeve is made of stainless steel flange with a diameter of 45 mm and a thickness of 3 mm. On one side, a chute is provided, and a bearing is formed by installing 3-mm-diameter ball bearings in the chute of the connecting rod, allowing relative rotation. Four screw holes with a diameter of 3 mm are evenly arranged on the barrel body, and their positions correspond to those on the fixed sleeve body and are connected by 6-mm fixing screws.

[0105] In this embodiment, the central axes of the pulley groups are in the same vertical plane to ensure that the force transmission between the fixed pulleys only changes the direction and does not change the magnitude. The sliding surfaces of the first sliding guide wheel and the second sliding guide wheel are perpendicular to each other, and the distance L from the midpoint of the first sliding guide wheel and the second sliding guide wheel on the central axis of the connecting rod to the third sliding guide wheel on the central axis of the connecting rod ranges from 1.0 to 1.5 m; the diameter of the wire rope should be between 2 and 3 mm.

[0106] Embodiment 2

[0107] This embodiment is for measuring and correcting the torsional angle of the guide groove of the vertical inclinometer tube buried in the vertical hole.

[0108] In this embodiment, only the installation of the inclinometer tube and data acquisition are different from those in the measurement of the torsional angle of the horizontal inclinometer tube, so other parts will not be elaborated here.

[0109] In this embodiment, the inclinometer tubes are connected section by section to the designed length by the insertion connection method, placed vertically in the hole, and the inclinometer tubes are rotated so that a pair of guide grooves inside the tubes are consistent with the designed measurement direction. The inclinometer tube orifice is 15 - 20 cm above the ground, and the orifice is protected by bricklaying.

[0110] In this embodiment, a protective cap is installed at the end of the first connecting rod. The tip of the protective cap is made of rubber, which can reduce the collision damage generated during the movement of the measuring device. The bottom is threaded and can be disassembled on the connecting rod; under the action of gravity, the wire is paid out, and the length of the measuring section and the measuring points of the inclinometer are the same as those of the measuring section length and the measuring point positions in the measurement of the torsional angle of the inclinometer tube.

[0111] The error caused by the torsion of the inclinometer tube is corrected to improve the reliability of the measurement data.

[0112] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any limitations on the present invention. Any simple modifications, changes, and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of an inclinometer tube, characterized in that: The device comprises a data acquisition mechanism (3) arranged on the ground (6), an inclinometer tube (1) extending into the stratum, and an inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism (2) extending into the inclinometer tube (1) and connected to the data acquisition mechanism (3) via a cable (4), wherein the inner wall of the inclinometer tube (1) is provided with a first guide groove, a second guide groove, a third guide groove and a fourth guide groove in a circumferential direction and at equal intervals; The inclinometer guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism (2) comprises a measuring rod (17); one end of the measuring rod (17) close to the data acquisition mechanism (3) is connected to a fixed sleeve (15) for mounting an angle sensor (14) through a protective sleeve (11); the other end of the fixed sleeve (15) is connected to a third connecting rod (18-3); one end of the measuring rod (17) away from the data acquisition mechanism (3) is connected in sequence to a second connecting rod (18-2) and a first connecting rod (18-1); the first connecting rod (18-1) is provided with a first sliding guide wheel (9-1) that cooperates with the first guide groove and the third guide groove; the second connecting rod (18-2) is provided with a second sliding guide wheel (9-2) that cooperates with the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove; and the third connecting rod (18-3) is provided with a third sliding guide wheel (9-3) that cooperates with the first guide groove and the third guide groove. ), a driven gear (14-1) is provided at one end of the angle sensor (14) connected to the measuring rod (17), a transmission hole (17-2) matched with the driven gear (14-1) is provided at one end of the measuring rod (17) connected to the angle sensor (14), a first slide groove (17-3) of an annular structure is provided on the measuring rod (17), a protective sleeve (11) is sleeved on the outside of the measuring rod (17) and the fixed sleeve (15), the protective sleeve (11) is fixedly connected to the fixed sleeve (15), a second slide groove (11-2) is provided on the inner side wall of one end of the protective sleeve (11) connected to the measuring rod (17), a circle of balls (16) is provided between the second slide groove (11-2) and the first slide groove (17-3), and a data line of the angle sensor (14) passes through the inside of the third connecting rod (18-3) and is connected to the data transmission interface (13); A lifting ring (8) is provided at the end of the first connecting rod (18-1); When the inclinometer tube (1) is arranged vertically, the bottom of the inclinometer tube (1) is closed, and a protective cap (7) is threadedly connected to the end of the first connecting rod (18-1); When the inclinometer tube (1) is arranged horizontally, the end of the inclinometer tube (1) does not need to be equipped with a protective cap (7), and a steel wire rope connected to the lifting ring (8) is reserved in the inclinometer tube, and the steel wire rope is always kept in a stretched state.

2. A measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cable fixing mechanism (5) for limiting the position of the cable (4) is installed on the top of the inclinometer tube (1).

3. A measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting rod (18-2) and the first connecting rod (18-1) are connected via a connecting nail (10), the fixed sleeve (15) and the third connecting rod (18-3) are connected via a connecting nail (10), a plurality of connecting holes (10-1) are provided on a side of the measuring rod (17) close to the second connecting rod (18-2), and the connecting nail (10) passes through the connecting holes (10-1) to connect the measuring rod (17) and the second connecting rod (18-2).

4. A measuring device for correcting the torsion error of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second screw holes (11-1) are provided at one end of the protective sleeve (11) connected to the fixing sleeve (15), and a plurality of first screw holes (15-2) are provided on the fixing sleeve (15), the number of the first screw holes (15-2) being equal to and corresponding to the number of the second screw holes (11-1), and the fixing screws (12) passing through the second screw holes (11-1) and the first screw holes (15-2) fix the protective sleeve (11) to the fixing sleeve (15), and a sensor fixing hole (15-1) for fixing the angle sensor (14) is provided on the fixing sleeve (15).

5. A method for measuring and correcting the torsion error of an inclinometer pipe guide groove using the measuring device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Bury the inclinometer pipe. The process is as follows: Step 101, connecting the inclinometer tubes section by section, and sealing the joints between the bottom end of the inclinometer tube and the tube cap, and between adjacent inclinometer tubes; Step 102, after the inclinometer tube is in place, adjust the directions of the first guide groove, the second guide groove, the third guide groove and the fourth guide groove of the inclinometer tube so that a pair of guide grooves of the inclinometer tube are along the main measuring direction; Step 103, filling the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitored object with a filler; Step 2, installing the measuring device: install the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism into the inclinometer tube, connect the cable to the data transmission interface, connect the other end of the cable to the data acquisition mechanism (3), and fix the cable fixing mechanism (5) to the inclinometer tube opening on the data acquisition side so that the cable is centered; Step 3: Measure the torsion angle of the inclinometer casing. The process is as follows: Step 301: The operator lays out the line according to the preset line-laying displacement L, using the marks on the cable, where L is the segmented distance of the measuring point. After the data of the data acquisition mechanism (3) is stable, the reading is taken to measure the position of the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located. The torsion angle of the first and third guide grooves ,in, is the measurement segment number and , is the total number of measurement segments; Step 302, repeat step 301 until the measurement is completed, and the total measured distance is S. During the measurement process, the center line of the measuring device always coincides with the center line of the inclinometer tube, and during the horizontal torsion angle pay-off process, the wire rope is always kept in a stretched state; Step 303: rotate the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism and the inclinometer tube by 90°, and repeat steps 301 to 302 to obtain the inclinometer tube in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located. The torsion angle of the second and fourth guide grooves ; Step 4: Measure the displacement of the inclinometer tube. The process is as follows: Step 401: When measuring the displacement of the inclinometer tube, the operator lowers the probe according to the same distance measurement as that for measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer tube, and the position of each measuring point is the same as that of the measuring point for measuring the torsion angle of the inclinometer; Step 402: According to the formula Calculate the inclinometer tube in the plane where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located. Displacement of the first and third guide grooves ,in, is the probe voltage measured in the forward direction at the current position of the angle sensor (14), is the probe voltage measured in the reverse direction of the current position of the angle sensor (14), is the accelerometer scale factor in the angle sensor (14), is the Earth’s gravitational acceleration; Step 403: rotate the inclinometer tube guide groove torsion angle measuring mechanism by 90°, and repeat steps 401 to 402 to obtain the inclinometer tube in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located. Displacement of the second and fourth guide grooves ; Step 5: Calculate the torsion correction of the inclinometer guide groove. The process is as follows: Step 501: According to the formula , calculate the first guide groove and the third guide groove bottom of the inclinometer guide groove in the plane where the first guide groove and the third guide groove are located The cumulative twist angle of the segment relative to the top ; According to the formula , calculate the bottom of the inclinometer guide groove in the plane where the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove are located The cumulative twist angle of the segment relative to the top ; Step 502: According to the formula The displacement in the plane direction of the first guide groove and the third guide groove is calculated by vector, and the displacement in the plane direction of the first guide groove and the third guide groove is obtained. The relative displacement after segment correction ; According to the formula The displacement in the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove is calculated by vector, and the displacement in the plane direction of the second guide groove and the fourth guide groove is obtained. The relative displacement after segment correction ; Step 503: According to the formula , calculate the inclinometer tube The relative displacement after segment correction ; Step 504: According to the formula , calculate the inclinometer guide groove The corrected cumulative relative displacement of the segment relative to the top .

6. The method for correcting the torsion error measurement of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 103, the gap between the inclinometer tube and the monitored object is filled with filler to ensure that the backfill between the inclinometer tube and the borehole is dense, so that the inclinometer tube and the surrounding soil become one, and at the same time have similar mechanical properties to the surrounding stratum soil, so that the deformation of the inclinometer tube and the monitored stratum soil is coordinated, and the stratum deformation is transmitted to the inclinometer tube through the filling material, so as to timely and accurately reflect the real deformation of the stratum.

7. The method for correcting the torsion error measurement of the guide groove of the inclinometer tube according to claim 5, characterized in that: The measuring point segment distance L ranges from 1m to 1.5m.

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