OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port and online upgrade system

Abstract

The invention discloses an OTA upgrade control circuit and an online upgrade system based on a USB and a serial port, and relates to the technical field of OTA upgrade, and the OTA upgrade control circuit comprises a main control module, a USB / serial port communication module, a circuit optimization module, a storage management module and a power management module. According to the OTA upgrading control circuit based on the USB and the serial port and the online upgrading system, data transmission with a computer or other external equipment is realized through the USB and the serial port, so that an upgrading package sent from the external equipment is received in time, the upgrading package is transmitted to the main control module to be processed, the main control module executes an OTA upgrading process, and the upgrading efficiency is improved. And an error processing and recovery mechanism is added in the upgrading process, so that a previous state can be recovered when the upgrading fails, the OTA upgrading efficiency and stability are remarkably improved, the power management module is matched to check the battery capacity of the equipment before the OTA upgrading is started, and the abnormal condition of a power supply is processed in the OTA upgrading process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of OTA upgrade, and in particular to an OTA upgrade control circuit and an online upgrade system based on USB and serial port. Background Art

[0002] OTA stands for Over-the-Air Technology, which means air download technology or air transmission technology. OTA technology allows devices to receive and install updates through wireless networks without the need for users to connect the device to a computer or other wired device. It is widely used in smart devices such as smartphones, tablets, smart watches, and the smart car field that has become increasingly popular in recent years. OTA upgrade refers to the software or firmware update process achieved through OTA technology. Specifically, OTA upgrade allows devices to automatically or manually download and install new software versions when connected to the network. These updates may include fixing known bugs, adding new features, improving existing features, or improving device performance.

[0003] For example, the patent document with publication number CN117595481A discloses an OTA upgrade control circuit, control method and inverter device. The invention adds the OTA special IO signal of the DSP chip to achieve that when one DSP chip is undergoing OTA upgrade, the other chip can maintain the attraction of two relays to avoid load power failure. In addition, when one of the chips has an abnormality or communication delay, the other chip can disconnect by controlling the corresponding relay to reliably disconnect the power supply circuit and avoid safety risks.

[0004] However, the existing OTA upgrade control circuits similar to the above-mentioned applications still have shortcomings: since the existing OTA upgrade control circuits are generally not stable, once there is network instability, device hardware failure or problems with the upgrade package itself, the OTA upgrade will fail, resulting in the device being unable to start normally or malfunctioning. In addition, due to the lack of error handling and recovery mechanisms during the OTA upgrade process, when a device upgrade fails, it cannot be handled in a timely manner, which further affects the stability and success rate of the upgrade.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to improve this shortcoming. The present invention studies and improves the existing technology and its shortcomings, and provides an OTA upgrade control circuit and an online upgrade system based on USB and serial port. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an OTA upgrade control circuit and an online upgrade system based on USB and serial port to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: On the one hand, an OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port is provided, including: Main control module: responsible for the management and control of the entire OTA upgrade process, including starting the upgrade, monitoring the upgrade progress, handling errors and recovery, etc.; USB / serial communication module: responsible for data transmission between the device and the computer or other external devices, including receiving and sending upgrade packages; Circuit optimization module: responsible for improving and optimizing the algorithms and communication protocols used in the OTA upgrade process, including optimizing the upgrade algorithm and protocol, reducing data loss, errors and interruptions during the upgrade process, ensuring the smooth progress of the upgrade process, and improving the upgrade process, shortening the upgrade time and improving the user experience; Storage management module: responsible for managing the storage space of the device, storing the upgrade package received during the OTA upgrade process in the storage space of the device, and ensuring the correct storage and reading of the upgrade package; Power management module: responsible for monitoring the battery power and power status of the device to ensure that the device has sufficient power support during the OTA upgrade process, and handle power anomalies during the upgrade process, such as power adapter disconnection, battery power drop sharply, etc.

[0008] Furthermore, the main control module starts the OTA upgrade process by receiving user instructions or system-triggered upgrade signals, and continuously monitors the status and progress of each module during the upgrade process to ensure a smooth upgrade process. Once an error or abnormal situation occurs, such as data verification failure, communication interruption, or device unresponsiveness, the error handling and recovery mechanism is immediately called to solve the problem.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific process of the error handling and recovery mechanism is as follows: In the error handling stage, the main control module first attempts to locate and diagnose the root cause of the problem by analyzing the error log in detail or verifying the communication protocol, data transmission, etc. After determining the specific cause of the problem, it takes corresponding measures to solve the problem according to the preset error handling strategy; 1) Retry or adjust parameters: The main control module instructs the relevant modules to retry or adjust; for example, if the upgrade fails due to communication interruption, the main control module can try to re-establish the communication connection and continue to transmit the upgrade data; 2) Start the recovery mechanism: including rolling back to the previous stable version, resetting the device to factory settings, or trying other alternative upgrade solutions. During the recovery process, the main control module will ensure the stability and security of the device to avoid further damage to the device due to incorrect recovery operations.

[0010] Furthermore, the USB / serial communication module is connected to an external device via a USB interface or a serial port interface, and uses a communication protocol to transmit data; during the OTA upgrade process, it receives the upgrade package sent from the external device and transmits it to the main control module for processing, and at the same time, feeds back information such as the upgrade progress and results to the external device.

[0011] Furthermore, the USB / serial communication module specifically includes the following units: USB interface unit: responsible for USB connection and data transmission between the device and the computer, including USB connector (used to physically connect the computer and the device, usually using standard USB interface specifications), USB signal conditioning circuit (amplifying, filtering and shaping USB signals to ensure signal stability and accuracy) and USB controller (responsible for the implementation of USB communication protocol, including data transmission control, error detection and correction, etc.); Serial communication unit: responsible for serial port connection and data transmission between the device and external devices, including serial port controller (responsible for the implementation of serial port communication protocol, including baud rate setting, data format configuration and communication status monitoring, etc.), serial port transceiver (responsible for data transmission and reception, converting digital signals into analog signals suitable for serial port transmission, or recovering digital signals from analog signals) and serial port interface circuit (providing a physical interface for connecting to external devices, including level conversion circuit and signal isolation circuit, etc., to ensure compatibility and signal integrity between different devices) and other parts; Data transmission and processing unit: responsible for receiving, storing, processing and sending upgrade packages, consisting of a data buffer (used to temporarily store the received upgrade package data for subsequent processing), a data processing circuit (which verifies, decrypts and parses the received data to ensure the correctness and security of the data) and a data transmission controller (responsible for data transmission control, including data sending and receiving timing, data flow management, etc.).

[0012] Furthermore, the optimization measures of the circuit optimization module include: 1) OTA upgrade algorithm and protocol Add data verification mechanism: add verification code or checksum during data transmission and verify the data at the receiving end. If data error or loss is found, request retransmission to reduce the risk of upgrade failure. Error retransmission mechanism: When a data transmission error is detected, the sender is automatically requested to resend the lost or erroneous data packet, through multiple retransmissions and verifications until all data packets can be correctly received and processed; Breakpoint resume function: In case of upgrade failure (caused by network interruption, device power failure, etc.) during the upgrade process, the current upgrade progress is saved, and after the network is restored or the device is powered on again, the upgrade is continued from the breakpoint of the last failure, avoiding repeated downloading and installation of the completed parts. 2) Upgrade process Parallel processing and multithreading: During the upgrade process, parallel processing and multithreading technologies are used to download and install multiple software packages or update packages at the same time, thereby improving concurrency, shortening the upgrade time, and improving the user experience. Intelligent reservation and scheduling: Intelligently reserve the upgrade time according to the user's usage habits and the status of the device to avoid upgrading when the user is using the device. Through the scheduling strategy, the upgrade process is carried out when the device is idle or under low load, reducing the impact on the user's normal use.

[0013] Furthermore, the storage management module selects a suitable storage location and method according to the size and remaining capacity of the storage space, and cleans up the old version of firmware that is no longer needed after the upgrade is completed to release the storage space.

[0014] Furthermore, the power management module includes the following components: Power converter: converts input electrical energy into the form of electrical energy required by the device, including voltage conversion (such as AC-DC, DC-DC conversion) and current adjustment; Power monitoring circuit: monitors the power status of the device in real time, including parameters such as voltage, current, and power quality, and promptly detects power abnormalities such as overvoltage, overcurrent, or power fluctuations, and sends alarms to other parts of the power management module to ensure that the device operates within a safe power range and avoid device damage or performance degradation caused by power problems; Power protection circuit: quickly cut off the power supply or take other protective measures in the event of power failure to prevent equipment damage or casualties, including overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection and other functions to ensure that the equipment can be safely shut down or take other appropriate emergency measures in the event of a power failure.

[0015] Furthermore, the power management module provides the following power management strategies: 1) When the device is connected to a power adapter, external power is preferred to reduce battery consumption; 2) During the upgrade process, if the user needs to leave the device for a period of time, the device will automatically switch to low power mode to extend battery life; 3) Intelligently adjust the device's performance and power consumption based on the device's battery health and remaining power to ensure a smooth upgrade process; And the management operation of the power management module is divided into the following three stages: Before starting the OTA upgrade, check whether the device's battery level is sufficient to ensure that the upgrade process will not be interrupted due to low battery; During the OTA upgrade process, in response to power anomalies, the power management module will suspend the upgrade process to prevent data corruption or device failure due to insufficient power, and issue a warning to the user to check the power connection or replace the battery; After the OTA upgrade is complete, restore the device's power state.

[0016] On the other hand, an online upgrade system is provided, which is applied to the above-mentioned OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port, and the system includes the following working process: S1. After the USB / serial communication module receives the upgrade package sent from the external device, the storage management module selects a suitable storage location and method according to the size of the storage space and the remaining capacity, and stores the upgrade package received during the OTA upgrade process into the storage space of the device; S2. Before the OTA upgrade starts, the power management module checks whether the battery power of the device is sufficient, and triggers the main control module after confirming that it is sufficient; S3. The main control module starts the OTA upgrade process and continuously monitors the status and progress of each module during the upgrade process. When encountering an error or abnormal situation, it first tries to locate and diagnose the root cause of the problem, and then takes measures such as retrying or adjusting parameters and starting the recovery mechanism to solve the problem according to the preset error handling strategy; S4, the power management module monitors the battery power and power status of the device in real time, and handles power anomalies during the upgrade process. At the same time, the USB / serial communication module feeds back the upgrade progress and result information to the external device; S5. After the upgrade is completed, the storage management module immediately cleans up the old version of firmware that is no longer needed to release storage space.

[0017] The present invention provides an OTA upgrade control circuit and an online upgrade system based on USB and serial port, which have the following beneficial effects: The OTA upgrade control circuit provided by the present invention realizes data transmission with a computer or other external devices through USB and serial port, so as to timely receive the upgrade package sent from the external device, transmit it to the main control module for processing, so that the main control module executes the OTA upgrade process, and adds error handling and recovery mechanisms during the upgrade process, so that it can recover to the previous state when the upgrade fails, which significantly improves the OTA upgrade efficiency and stability. It cooperates with the power management module to check the battery power of the device before the OTA upgrade starts, and handles power supply abnormalities during the OTA upgrade process, so that the device can have sufficient power support during the OTA upgrade process. In addition, a circuit optimization module is designed to improve the OTA upgrade algorithm and protocol, optimize the upgrade process, and further improve the stability and success rate of the upgrade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of optimization measures of a circuit optimization module of an OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port of the present invention; Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the working process of an online upgrade system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, an OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port includes: Main control module: responsible for the management and control of the entire OTA upgrade process, including starting the upgrade, monitoring the upgrade progress, handling errors and recovery, etc.; Specific process: by receiving user instructions or system-triggered upgrade signals, the OTA upgrade process is started, and during the upgrade process, the status and progress of each module are continuously monitored to ensure the smooth progress of the upgrade process. Once an error or abnormal situation is encountered, such as data verification failure, communication interruption or device unresponsiveness, the main control module immediately calls the error handling and recovery mechanism to solve the problem; In this embodiment, the specific process of the error handling and recovery mechanism is as follows: In the error handling stage, the main control module first attempts to locate and diagnose the root cause of the problem by analyzing the error log in detail or verifying the communication protocol, data transmission, etc. After determining the specific cause of the problem, it takes corresponding measures to solve the problem according to the preset error handling strategy; 1) Retry or adjust parameters: The main control module instructs the relevant modules to retry or adjust; for example, if the upgrade fails due to communication interruption, the main control module can try to re-establish the communication connection and continue to transmit the upgrade data; 2) Start the recovery mechanism: including rolling back to the previous stable version, resetting the device to factory settings, or trying other backup upgrade solutions. During the recovery process, the main control module will ensure the stability and security of the device to avoid further damage to the device due to incorrect recovery operations; It is worth noting that when the main control module calls the error handling and recovery mechanism, it will fully consider the user experience and data security, and try to complete the error handling and recovery operations without affecting the normal use of the user; at the same time, during the recovery process, the main control module will retain the user's data and settings as much as possible to reduce the user's loss; USB / serial communication module: responsible for data transmission between the device and the computer or other external devices, including receiving and sending upgrade packages; specific process: the USB / serial communication module connects to the external device through the USB interface or serial port interface, and uses the communication protocol to transmit data; during the OTA upgrade process, it receives the upgrade package sent from the external device and transmits it to the main control module for processing, and at the same time, feeds back information such as the upgrade progress and results to the external device; The USB / serial communication module specifically includes the following units: USB interface unit: responsible for USB connection and data transmission between the device and the computer, including USB connector (used to physically connect the computer and the device, usually using standard USB interface specifications), USB signal conditioning circuit (amplifying, filtering and shaping USB signals to ensure signal stability and accuracy) and USB controller (responsible for the implementation of USB communication protocol, including data transmission control, error detection and correction, etc.); Serial communication unit: responsible for serial port connection and data transmission between the device and external devices, including serial port controller (responsible for the implementation of serial port communication protocol, including baud rate setting, data format configuration and communication status monitoring, etc.), serial port transceiver (responsible for data transmission and reception, converting digital signals into analog signals suitable for serial port transmission, or recovering digital signals from analog signals) and serial port interface circuit (providing a physical interface for connecting to external devices, including level conversion circuit and signal isolation circuit, etc., to ensure compatibility and signal integrity between different devices) and other parts; Data transmission and processing unit: responsible for receiving, storing, processing and sending upgrade packages, including data buffer (used to temporarily store received upgrade package data for subsequent processing), data processing circuit (to verify, decrypt and parse the received data to ensure the correctness and security of the data) and data transmission controller (responsible for data transmission control, including data sending and receiving timing, data flow management, etc.); Circuit optimization module: responsible for improving and optimizing the algorithms and communication protocols used in the OTA upgrade process, including optimizing the upgrade algorithm and protocol, reducing data loss, errors and interruptions during the upgrade process, ensuring the smooth progress of the upgrade process, and improving the upgrade process, shortening the upgrade time and improving the user experience; In this embodiment, the optimization measures of the circuit optimization module include: 1) OTA upgrade algorithm and protocol Add data verification mechanism: add verification code or checksum during data transmission and verify the data at the receiving end. If data error or loss is found, request retransmission to reduce the risk of upgrade failure. Error retransmission mechanism: When a data transmission error is detected, the sender is automatically requested to resend the lost or erroneous data packet, through multiple retransmissions and verifications until all data packets can be correctly received and processed; Breakpoint resume function: In case of upgrade failure (caused by network interruption, device power failure, etc.) during the upgrade process, the current upgrade progress is saved, and after the network is restored or the device is powered on again, the upgrade is continued from the breakpoint of the last failure, avoiding repeated downloading and installation of the completed parts. 2) Upgrade process Parallel processing and multithreading: During the upgrade process, parallel processing and multithreading technologies are used to download and install multiple software packages or update packages at the same time, thereby improving concurrency, shortening the upgrade time, and improving the user experience. Intelligent reservation and scheduling: Intelligently reserve the upgrade time according to the user's usage habits and the status of the device to avoid upgrading when the user is using the device. And through the scheduling strategy, the upgrade process is carried out when the device is idle or under low load, reducing the impact on the user's normal use; Storage management module: responsible for managing the storage space of the device, storing the upgrade package received during the OTA upgrade process in the storage space of the device, and ensuring the correct storage and reading of the upgrade package; in this embodiment, the storage management module selects a suitable storage location and method according to the size and remaining capacity of the storage space, and cleans up the old version of firmware that is no longer needed after the upgrade is completed to free up storage space; Power management module: responsible for monitoring the battery power and power status of the device to ensure that the device has sufficient power support during the OTA upgrade process, and handle power anomalies during the upgrade process, such as power adapter disconnection, battery power drop sharply, etc.; The power management module includes the following components: Power converter: converts input electrical energy into the form of electrical energy required by the device, including voltage conversion (such as AC-DC, DC-DC conversion) and current adjustment; Power monitoring circuit: monitors the power status of the device in real time, including parameters such as voltage, current, and power quality, and promptly detects power abnormalities such as overvoltage, overcurrent, or power fluctuations, and sends alarms to other parts of the power management module to ensure that the device operates within a safe power range and avoid device damage or performance degradation caused by power problems; Power protection circuit: quickly cut off the power supply or take other protective measures in case of power failure to prevent equipment damage or casualties, including overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection and other functions, to ensure that the equipment can be safely shut down or take other appropriate emergency measures in case of power failure; In this embodiment, the power management module provides the following power management strategies: 1) When the device is connected to a power adapter, external power is preferred to reduce battery consumption; 2) During the upgrade process, if the user needs to leave the device for a period of time, the device will automatically switch to low power mode to extend battery life; 3) Intelligently adjust the device's performance and power consumption based on the device's battery health and remaining power to ensure a smooth upgrade process; The management operation of the power management module is divided into the following three stages: Before starting the OTA upgrade, check whether the device's battery level is sufficient to ensure that the upgrade process will not be interrupted due to low battery; During the OTA upgrade process, in response to power anomalies, the power management module will suspend the upgrade process to prevent data corruption or device failure due to insufficient power, and issue a warning to the user to check the power connection or replace the battery; After the OTA upgrade is complete, restore the device's power state.

[0021] like Figure 3 As shown, an online upgrade system is applied to the above-mentioned OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port, and the system includes the following working process: S1. After the USB / serial communication module receives the upgrade package sent from the external device, the storage management module selects a suitable storage location and method according to the size of the storage space and the remaining capacity, and stores the upgrade package received during the OTA upgrade process into the storage space of the device; S2. Before the OTA upgrade starts, the power management module checks whether the battery power of the device is sufficient, and triggers the main control module after confirming that it is sufficient; S3. The main control module starts the OTA upgrade process and continuously monitors the status and progress of each module during the upgrade process. When encountering an error or abnormal situation, it first tries to locate and diagnose the root cause of the problem, and then takes measures such as retrying or adjusting parameters and starting the recovery mechanism to solve the problem according to the preset error handling strategy; S4, the power management module monitors the battery power and power status of the device in real time, and handles power anomalies during the upgrade process. At the same time, the USB / serial communication module feeds back the upgrade progress and result information to the external device; S5. After the upgrade is completed, the storage management module immediately cleans up the old version of firmware that is no longer needed to release storage space.

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. An OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port, characterized in that: include: Main control module: responsible for the management and control of the entire OTA upgrade process, including starting the upgrade, monitoring the upgrade progress, handling errors and recovery; USB / serial communication module: responsible for data transmission between the device and the computer or other external devices, including receiving and sending upgrade packages; Circuit optimization module: responsible for improving and optimizing the algorithms and communication protocols used in the OTA upgrade process, including optimizing the upgrade algorithm and protocol, and improving the upgrade process; Storage management module: responsible for managing the storage space of the device, storing the upgrade package received during the OTA upgrade process in the storage space of the device, and ensuring the correct storage and reading of the upgrade package; Power management module: responsible for monitoring the battery level and power status of the device to ensure that the device has sufficient power support during the OTA upgrade process and handle power anomalies during the upgrade process.

2. According to claim 1, an OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port, characterized in that: The main control module starts the OTA upgrade process by receiving user instructions or system-triggered upgrade signals, and continuously monitors the status and progress of each module during the upgrade process. Once an error or abnormal situation occurs, the error handling and recovery mechanism is immediately called to solve the problem.

3. According to claim 2, an OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port, characterized in that: The specific process of the error handling and recovery mechanism is as follows: In the error handling stage, the main control module first attempts to locate and diagnose the root cause of the problem by analyzing the error log in detail or verifying the communication protocol and data transmission. After determining the specific cause of the problem, it takes corresponding measures to solve the problem according to the preset error handling strategy; 1) Retry or adjust parameters: The main control module instructs the relevant modules to retry or adjust; 2) Initiate recovery mechanisms: including rolling back to a previous stable version, resetting the device to factory settings, or trying other alternative upgrade options.

4. The OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port according to claim 1, characterized in that: The USB / serial communication module is connected to an external device via a USB interface or a serial port interface, and uses a communication protocol to transmit data; during the OTA upgrade process, the USB / serial communication module receives the upgrade package sent from the external device, and transmits it to the main control module for processing, and at the same time, feeds back the upgrade progress and result information to the external device.

5. The OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port according to claim 4, characterized in that: The USB / serial communication module specifically includes the following units: USB interface unit: responsible for USB connection and data transmission between the device and the computer, consisting of a USB connector, USB signal conditioning circuit and USB controller; Serial communication unit: responsible for serial port connection and data transmission between the device and external devices, including serial port controller, serial port transceiver and serial port interface circuit; Data transmission and processing unit: responsible for receiving, storing, processing and sending upgrade packages, consisting of a data buffer, a data processing circuit and a data transmission controller.

6. The OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optimization measures of the circuit optimization module include: 1) OTA upgrade algorithm and protocol Add data verification mechanism: add verification code or checksum during data transmission and verify the data at the receiving end. If data error or loss is found, request retransmission. Error retransmission mechanism: When a data transmission error is detected, the sender is automatically requested to resend the lost or erroneous data packet, and the retransmission and verification operations are repeated until all data packets can be correctly received and processed; Breakpoint resume function: If an upgrade fails during the upgrade process, the current upgrade progress will be saved, and after the network is restored or the device is powered on again, the upgrade will continue from the breakpoint where the last failure occurred. 2) Upgrade process Parallel processing and multithreading: During the upgrade process, parallel processing and multithreading technology are used to download and install multiple software packages or update packages at the same time; Intelligent reservation and scheduling: Intelligently reserve the upgrade time according to the user's usage habits and the status of the device, and use the scheduling strategy to ensure that the upgrade process is carried out when the device is idle or under low load.

7. The OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage management module selects a suitable storage location and method according to the size and remaining capacity of the storage space, and cleans up the old version firmware that is no longer needed after the upgrade is completed to release the storage space.

8. The OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module includes the following components: Power converter: converts the input electrical energy into the form of electrical energy required by the device, including voltage conversion and current adjustment; Power monitoring circuit: monitors the power status of the device in real time, including voltage, current and power quality, detects power anomalies in time, and sends alarms to other parts of the power management module; Power protection circuit: In the event of power abnormality, quickly cut off the power supply or take other protective measures to prevent equipment damage or casualties, including overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, and short-circuit protection functions.

9. The OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module provides the following power management strategies: 1) When the device is connected to a power adapter, external power is preferred to reduce battery consumption; 2) During the upgrade process, if the user needs to leave the device for a period of time, the device will automatically switch to low power mode to extend battery life; 3) Intelligently adjust the device's performance and power consumption based on the device's battery health and remaining power to ensure a smooth upgrade process; And the management operation of the power management module is divided into the following three stages: Before starting the OTA upgrade, check if the device's battery is sufficiently charged; During the OTA upgrade process, in case of power abnormality, the power management module will suspend the upgrade process and issue a warning to the user, prompting the user to check the power connection or replace the battery; After the OTA upgrade is complete, restore the device's power state.

10. An online upgrade system, applied to the OTA upgrade control circuit based on USB and serial port as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The system includes the following workflow: S1. After the USB / serial communication module receives the upgrade package sent from the external device, the storage management module selects a suitable storage location and method according to the size of the storage space and the remaining capacity, and stores the upgrade package received during the OTA upgrade process into the storage space of the device; S2. Before the OTA upgrade starts, the power management module checks whether the battery power of the device is sufficient, and triggers the main control module after confirming that it is sufficient; S3. The main control module starts the OTA upgrade process and continuously monitors the status and progress of each module during the upgrade process. When encountering an error or abnormal situation, it first tries to locate and diagnose the root cause of the problem, and then takes measures such as retrying or adjusting parameters and starting the recovery mechanism to solve the problem according to the preset error handling strategy; S4, the power management module monitors the battery power and power status of the device in real time, and handles power anomalies during the upgrade process. At the same time, the USB / serial communication module feeds back the upgrade progress and result information to the external device; S5. After the upgrade is completed, the storage management module immediately cleans up the old version of firmware that is no longer needed to release storage space.

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