Urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological value evaluation, and discloses an urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting method and device, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a geographic space data set and preset time period electronic statistical data; according to the geographic space data set and the electronic statistical data in the preset time period, calculating a real object quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in a pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting index system; accounting the sub-service value quantity corresponding to each ecological system service sub-service category according to the real object quantity; according to the method and the system, the real object quantity, the sub-service value quantity and the total value of the urban ecosystem service corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service type in each grid in the research area can be obtained in a refined manner, and the value accounting precision of an ecological product is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological value assessment, and in particular to a method and device for assessing and calculating the service function of an urban ecosystem. Background Art

[0002] As a type of complex ecosystem, urban ecosystems are different from natural ecosystems. The services they provide are vital to urban residents, including direct or indirect goods and services, as well as the benefits brought by ecosystem functions. With the construction of ecological civilization and the development of new quality productivity, the evaluation of urban ecosystem service functions and the calculation of their value have gradually become an important basis for deepening ecological protection compensation measures and establishing an ecological product market mechanism.

[0003] Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) corresponds to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It refers to the total value of final products and services provided by the ecosystem to humans in a certain area within a certain period of time, generally with one year as the accounting time unit. The function and status of the ecosystem are measured and evaluated by calculating the gross product of natural ecosystems such as grasslands, deserts, forests, and wetlands, as well as artificial ecosystems such as farmlands, pastures, and aquaculture farms.

[0004] In recent years, the research on the accounting of ecosystem service value has received more and more attention from the scientific community. Most of the research focuses on the accounting of the current status or changes of ecosystem service value at a given time, at different scales or evaluation units, and in different ecosystem types, which is used to evaluate the effectiveness or benefits of ecosystem protection, urban and economic and social development, and policy formulation. However, the proxy indicators for ecosystem service evaluation in the research mostly use statistical data of administrative division units, and use the same value in the entire statistical unit, ignoring the influence of factors such as the spatial distribution of land use types and land productivity, and not considering the impact of spatial heterogeneity on the accounting of urban ecosystem service value. The accounting results are not accurate enough. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method and device for evaluating and calculating the service function of an urban ecosystem, so as to solve the technical problem that the calculation results of the existing methods for evaluating and calculating the service function of an urban ecosystem are not accurate enough.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for evaluating and calculating the value of urban ecosystem service functions, including: obtaining a geospatial data set and electronic statistical data for a preset time period; calculating the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in a pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system based on the geospatial data set and the electronic statistical data for the preset time period; calculating the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category based on the physical quantity; and calculating the total value of urban ecosystem services based on the sub-service value.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for evaluating and calculating the value of urban ecosystem service functions, by obtaining a geographic spatial data set and electronic statistical data for a preset time period, calculating the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in a pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system according to the geographic spatial data set and the electronic statistical data for the preset time period, calculating the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category according to the physical quantity, and calculating the total value of urban ecosystem services according to the sub-service value. The method can obtain the physical quantity, sub-service value and total value of urban ecosystem services corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in each grid in the study area in a refined manner, thereby obtaining an accurate urban ecosystem service value, improving the accuracy of ecological product value accounting, finding out the "family background" of ecological resources, identifying high and low areas of ecosystem service value, and providing basic support for the subsequent realization of ecological product value.

[0008] Optionally, the ecosystem service sub-service categories include agricultural product sub-service, water conservation sub-service, soil conservation sub-service, carbon fixation sub-service, water quality purification sub-service, species conservation sub-service and leisure and tourism sub-service, and the physical quantities corresponding to the agricultural product sub-service, water conservation sub-service, soil conservation sub-service, carbon fixation sub-service, water quality purification sub-service, species conservation sub-service and leisure and tourism sub-service are respectively food yield, water conservation, soil conservation, carbon dioxide fixation, water quality purification, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index values, and the water quality purification amount includes COD purification, nitrogen purification and phosphorus purification; correspondingly, the physical quantities corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in the pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system are calculated according to the geospatial dataset and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period, including: calculating food yield, water conservation, soil conservation, carbon dioxide fixation, water quality purification, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index values ​​according to the geospatial dataset and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period.

[0009] By splitting ecosystem services into several sub-services and calculating the physical quantity and value of each sub-service separately, it helps to reduce the difficulty of calculation and improve the accuracy of accounting.

[0010] Optionally, the geospatial data set includes land use / cover type data, digital elevation data, normalized difference vegetation index, soil data, bedrock depth data, precipitation data, evaporation data, slope data, road data and scenic spot POI data of each grid in the city map; the electronic statistical data of the preset time period includes statistical yearbook data of a specified year; and the grain yield, water conservation, soil conservation, fixed carbon dioxide, water purification, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index value are calculated based on the geospatial data set and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period, including: calculating the grain yield of each grid according to the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] In the formula, G (x) is the grain yield of grid x, NDVI x is the value of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index of raster x, NDVI sum is the sum of the normalized vegetation index values ​​of all grids in the city map, G sum is the total grain output, which is obtained according to the statistical yearbook data; based on the precipitation data and evaporation data of each grid, the water yield module of the InVEST model is used to calculate the annual water yield of each grid, the runoff velocity coefficient and terrain index are calculated according to the digital elevation data, and the water conservation capacity is calculated according to the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, R is the water conservation capacity, V is the runoff velocity coefficient, TI is the terrain index, K is the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, and Y is the annual water yield; based on the land use / cover type data, digital elevation data, normalized vegetation index, soil data, and bedrock depth data, the soil conservation module of the InVEST model is used to calculate the soil conservation capacity; based on the land use / cover type data and the carbon density reference value corresponding to each land use / cover type, the carbon storage module of the InVEST model is used to calculate the fixed carbon dioxide; based on the digital elevation data, land use / cover type data and the pollutant interception efficiency corresponding to each land use / cover type, the nutrient transport rate module of the InVEST model is used to calculate the nitrogen output and phosphorus output of each grid to evaluate the ecosystem The potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification function was calculated, and the amount of COD purification, nitrogen purification and phosphorus purification were calculated based on the potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification function; based on the land use / cover type data and the threat factor data corresponding to each land use / cover type, the habitat quality module of the InVEST model was used to calculate the habitat quality of each grid; based on the scenic spot POI data, the Maxent model was used to analyze the importance and contribution rate of each environmental variable to cultural services, and the cultural service suitability index value of each grid was calculated based on the importance and contribution rate of each environmental variable, among which the environmental variables included digital elevation, slope, normalized difference vegetation index, distance to road, distance to water, and the distance to road and distance to water were obtained according to road data.

[0015] By calculating the physical quantity with the help of the InVEST model and the Maxent model, the ecosystem service functions can be simulated and predicted more accurately, and the scientific nature and accuracy of the assessment can be improved.

[0016] Optionally, the values ​​corresponding to the agricultural product sub-service, water conservation sub-service, soil conservation sub-service, carbon fixation sub-service, water purification sub-service, species conservation sub-service and leisure tourism sub-service are respectively the output value of agricultural products, the value of water conservation, the value of soil conservation, the value of carbon fixation, the value of water purification, the value of species conservation and the value of leisure tourism, the soil conservation value includes the value of reducing silt deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution, the value of water purification includes the value of purifying COD, the value of total nitrogen purification and the value of total phosphorus purification; correspondingly, the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category is calculated according to the physical quantity, including: the output value of agricultural products, the value of water conservation, the value of soil conservation, the value of carbon fixation, the value of water purification, the value of species conservation and the value of leisure tourism corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category is calculated according to the physical quantity.

[0017] By breaking down the value of each sub-service, it helps to reduce the difficulty of calculation and improve the accuracy of accounting.

[0018] Optionally, the agricultural product output value, water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value, species conservation value and leisure tourism value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category are calculated based on the physical quantity, including: according to the grain output, the agricultural product output value is calculated by the market value method; according to the water conservation amount, the water conservation value is calculated by the market value method; according to the soil conservation amount, the value of reducing silt deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution are calculated by the replacement cost method, and the soil conservation value is obtained based on the sum of the value of reducing silt deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution; according to the fixed carbon dioxide amount, the carbon fixation value is calculated by the market value method; according to the purified COD amount, nitrogen output and phosphorus output, the purified COD value, the total nitrogen purification value and the total phosphorus purification value are calculated by the replacement cost method, and the water purification value is obtained based on the sum of the purified COD value, the total nitrogen purification value and the total phosphorus purification value; according to the habitat quality, the species conservation value is calculated by the following formula:

[0019] G bio =[r m ×δ×[N i +0.1∑(E m ×N m )×N m ]×τ×θ] / P con

[0020] In the formula, G bio is the species conservation value, r m is the species renewal rate, δ is the habitat quality adjustment coefficient, which is calculated based on the habitat quality by the habitat quality module of the InVEST model, and N i is the number of terrestrial vertebrate species in the study area, E m is the index of different endangered levels, N m is the number of endangered species, τ is the energy conversion rate of a single species, θ is the proportion of ecological land area in the study area, P con is the value of the conservation renewal rate of unit species; according to the cultural service suitability index value, the leisure tourism value is calculated using the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] Where V (Culture) For leisure tourism value, CES x is the cultural service suitability index value of grid x, CES sum The sum of the cultural service suitability index values ​​in the study area, V sum For tourism income.

[0023] The market value method and the replacement cost method are used to calculate the output value of agricultural products, water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value and water purification value. The species conservation value and leisure tourism value are calculated according to the set formula, and the non-market value of ecosystem services is quantified, providing a multi-angle economic evaluation and increasing the comprehensiveness of the evaluation.

[0024] Optionally, the total value of urban ecosystem services is calculated based on the sub-service values, including: calculating the product supply service value based on the agricultural product output value; calculating the regulation service value based on the water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value and species conservation value; calculating the cultural service value based on the leisure and tourism value; and determining the total value of urban ecosystem services based on the sum of the product supply service value, the regulation service value and the cultural service value.

[0025] By accounting for different types of service values, the importance of different service functions in urban ecosystems can be more accurately identified and emphasized.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting device, including: a data acquisition module, used to acquire a geographic spatial data set and electronic statistical data for a preset time period; a physical quantity calculation module, used to calculate the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in a pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system based on the geographic spatial data set and the electronic statistical data for the preset time period; a sub-service value calculation module, used to calculate the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category based on the physical quantity; and a total value calculation module, used to calculate the total value of urban ecosystem services based on the sub-service value.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the urban ecosystem service function assessment and value accounting method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof by executing the computer instructions.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, the computer instructions being used to enable a computer to execute the urban ecosystem service function assessment and value accounting method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0029] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, comprising computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the urban ecosystem service function assessment and value accounting method as described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for evaluating and calculating the service function of an urban ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is an overall framework diagram of the urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting method of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the framework of the urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figures 4 to 10 is a diagram of the functional evaluation results of each ecosystem service sub-service in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figures 11 to 17 is a value calculation result diagram of each ecosystem service sub-service in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.18 This is a calculation result diagram of the total value of urban ecosystem services according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.19 It is a structural block diagram of a device for evaluating and calculating the service function of an urban ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In order to accurately calculate the value of urban ecosystem services, empower the realization of urban ecological product value with new quality productivity, and promote urban ecological protection and high-quality development, which is of great significance, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating and calculating the service functions of urban ecosystems. It uses InVEST and Maxent models to evaluate the service functions of urban ecosystems, explores the spatial distribution, spatial relationships, and spatiotemporal changes of various ecosystem service functions, and provides basic support for the subsequent realization of the value of ecological products.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for evaluating and calculating the service function of an urban ecosystem is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0042] In this embodiment, a method for evaluating and calculating the service function of an urban ecosystem is provided, which can be used in mobile terminals such as computers and mobile phones. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0043] Step S101, obtaining a geographic space data set and electronic statistical data for a preset time period.

[0044] Specifically, basic data sets are collected, including: (1) basic geographic information data: land use and land cover (LULC) data of each geographic space, digital elevation data, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil data, bedrock depth data, precipitation data, evapotranspiration data, species distribution data, road data, scenic spot POI data, population density data, GDP data, administrative divisions, nature reserve data, etc.; (2) statistical yearbook data of each specified year, policy planning data, etc.

[0045] All basic geographic information data sets are uniformly projected and transformed to form geographic spatial data sets with consistent spatial reference coordinates. Statistical yearbook data, policy planning data and other data are processed electronically to obtain electronic statistical data for a preset time period.

[0046] Step S102, calculating the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in the pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system based on the geospatial data set and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period.

[0047] Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of clarifying the evaluation objects and evaluation units, abides by the principles of scientificity, overall coordination, regional uniqueness and operability, and constructs an urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system from three aspects: supply service, regulation service and cultural service. It selects corresponding physical quantity indicators for each service, combines the geographic spatial data set and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period, and evaluates the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service indicator of each grid in the geographic space.

[0048] Step S103, calculating the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category according to the physical quantity.

[0049] Specifically, based on the calculated physical quantities of each ecosystem service sub-service indicator and the unit prices corresponding to each physical quantity obtained in the local market of the study area, the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category of each grid in the geographic space is calculated.

[0050] Step S104, calculating the total value of urban ecosystem services based on the sub-service values.

[0051] Specifically, the value of each sub-service is accumulated to obtain the total value of urban ecosystem services for each grid in the geographic space.

[0052] The present invention provides a method for evaluating and calculating the value of urban ecosystem service functions, by acquiring a geographic spatial data set and electronic statistical data for a preset time period, calculating the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in a pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system according to the geographic spatial data set and the electronic statistical data for the preset time period, calculating the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category according to the physical quantity, and calculating the total value of urban ecosystem services according to the sub-service value. The method can obtain the physical quantity, sub-service value and total value of urban ecosystem services corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in each grid in the study area in a refined manner, thereby obtaining an accurate urban ecosystem service value, improving the accuracy of ecological product value accounting, finding out the "family background" of ecological resources, identifying high and low areas of ecosystem service value, and providing basic support for the subsequent realization of ecological product value.

[0053] In some embodiments, the ecosystem service sub-service categories include agricultural product sub-services, water conservation sub-services, soil conservation sub-services, carbon fixation sub-services, water quality purification sub-services, species conservation sub-services and leisure and tourism sub-services. The physical quantities corresponding to the agricultural product sub-services, water conservation sub-services, soil conservation sub-services, carbon fixation sub-services, water quality purification sub-services, species conservation sub-services and leisure and tourism sub-services are respectively grain output, water conservation quantity, soil conservation quantity, carbon dioxide fixation quantity, water quality purification quantity, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index value. The water quality purification quantity includes COD purification quantity, nitrogen purification quantity and phosphorus purification quantity.

[0054] Specifically, the value of urban ecosystem services refers to the total value of the final ecological products produced by the ecosystem through ecological processes or in conjunction with human production. The total value accounting of urban ecosystem services is a value accounting based on the physical quantity accounting. Its accounting methods include urban ecosystem service function (physical quantity) evaluation and value accounting. The total value accounting of ecological products is based on the theoretical method system of resource economics, ecological economics, environmental economics and ecosystem service value accounting. It uses remote sensing interpretation technology, statistical analysis, field investigation and other methods to calculate the physical quantity and value of product supply services, regulatory services and cultural services of different ecosystems. Among them, provisioning services refer to the material products provided by ecosystems to and used by humans, such as agricultural products, forestry products, animal husbandry products, fishery products, ecological energy, etc.; regulating services refer to the benefits provided by ecosystems to maintain or improve human survival, including water conservation, soil conservation, wind and sand fixation, coastal protection, flood regulation, ecological carbon fixation, oxygen release, air purification, water purification, climate regulation and species conservation; cultural services refer to the intangible benefits provided by ecosystems to improve the quality of human life, mainly including leisure tourism and landscape value.

[0055] The embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of clarifying the evaluation object and evaluation unit, abides by the principles of scientificity, overall coordination, regional uniqueness and operability, and constructs an urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system from three aspects: supply service, regulation service and cultural service. A total of 7 sub-indicators are selected, as shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1 Urban ecosystem service function assessment and value accounting indicator system

[0057]

[0058] Based on the indicator system, the ecosystem sub-services are evaluated and analyzed in turn, including the following sub-services: food production, water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation, water purification, species conservation and leisure tourism.

[0059] Further, step S102 calculates the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in the pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system based on the geospatial data set and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period, including:

[0060] Step a1, calculate the food production, water conservation, soil conservation, carbon dioxide fixation, water purification, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index values ​​based on the geospatial data set and electronic statistical data for a preset time period.

[0061] By splitting ecosystem services into several sub-services and calculating the physical quantity and value of each sub-service separately, it is helpful to comprehensively account for the value of ecosystem services and improve the accuracy of accounting.

[0062] In some embodiments, the geospatial dataset includes land use / cover type data, digital elevation data, normalized difference vegetation index, soil data, bedrock depth data, precipitation data, evaporation data, slope data, road data and scenic spot POI data for each grid in the city map.

[0063] The electronic statistical data for the preset time period includes the statistical yearbook data for the specified year.

[0064] Step a1, calculate the food production, water conservation, soil conservation, fixed carbon dioxide, water purification, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index values ​​based on the geospatial data set and electronic statistical data for a preset time period, including:

[0065] Step a11, calculate the grain yield of each grid according to the following formula:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, G (x) is the grain yield of grid x, NDVI x is the value of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index of raster x, NDVI sum is the sum of the normalized vegetation index values ​​of all grids in the city map, G sum is the total grain output, which is obtained based on the data in the Statistical Yearbook.

[0068] Step a12, based on the precipitation data and evaporation data of each grid, the water yield module of the InVEST model is used to calculate the annual water yield of each grid, the runoff velocity coefficient and terrain index are calculated according to the digital elevation data, and the water conservation capacity is calculated according to the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] Where R is the water conservation capacity, V is the runoff velocity coefficient, TI is the terrain index, K is the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, and Y is the annual water yield.

[0071] Water conservation is the function of an ecosystem to intercept and store precipitation through its structure and process, enhance soil infiltration, conserve soil moisture and replenish groundwater, regulate river flow, and increase the amount of available water resources. The embodiment of the present invention uses the annual water yield module in the InVEST model, namely the InVEST-AWY model, to evaluate the physical amount of water conservation. The InVEST-AWY model uses the water balance method and combines correction factors such as climate, soil, terrain and vegetation type to calculate water yield based on raster pixels. The water yield is the difference between precipitation and actual evapotranspiration, which is the water supply. The water yield represents the degree of conservation of precipitation by the underlying vegetation and soil. The greater the water yield, the lower the conservation capacity of the underlying vegetation and soil, and vice versa. After calculating the annual water yield using the InVEST-AWY model, the runoff path and terrain index are calculated based on the digital elevation data DEM, and the runoff residence time on the grid is calculated using soil permeability and surface runoff velocity coefficient. Finally, the water conservation capacity is calculated.

[0072] The InVEST-AWY model is as follows:

[0073] The annual water production of each grid (Y xj ) is calculated as:

[0074] Y xj =(1-AET xj / P x )×P x

[0075] Where Y xj is the annual water yield on grid x in ecosystem j (mm), AET xj is the annual actual evapotranspiration on grid x in ecosystem j (mm), P x is the annual precipitation on grid x (mm).

[0076] Vegetation evapotranspiration AET of land use / cover type xj / P x The calculation adopts the Budyko curve formula:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, PET xj represents the potential emanation of grid x in ecosystem j (mm), ω is the ratio of annual plant water demand to precipitation, and it is a parameter describing the natural climate and soil properties.

[0079] Parameter PETxj and ω are calculated as follows:

[0080] PET xj =K c,x ×ET 0，x

[0081] In the formula, K c,x It represents the vegetation evapotranspiration coefficient, which needs to be determined in combination with the vegetation coverage under different land use patterns and is used to adjust the evapotranspiration under different circumstances; ET 0,x It represents the reference evapotranspiration (mm) of cell x, reflecting the characteristics of local climate conditions.

[0082]

[0083] Where, AWC x is the plant effective water content (mm) of grid x, which is determined by soil texture and vegetation root depth, and can be determined according to the product of vegetation available water capacity (PAWC) and the minimum value of vegetation root limit depth and root effective depth, as shown in the following formula. Z is a constant, also called seasonal factor, which characterizes the relationship between precipitation and other water temperature characteristics, and is determined by comparing the simulation results with the actual situation. In the present invention, the Z value is 19.3. In this case, the model results match the data in the water resources bulletin of the study area over the years.

[0084] AWC x =min(MAX_soil depth x ,root depth x )×PAWC x

[0085] PAWC x =54.509-0.132×SAN x -0.003×SAN x 2 -0.055×SIL x

[0086] -0.006×SIL x 2 -0.738×CLA x +0.007×CLA x 2 -2.688×C x

[0087] +0.501×C x 2

[0088] Where MAX_soil depth xis the maximum soil depth of grid x, root depth x is the root depth of grid x, PAWC x is the plant available water content of grid x, SAN x 、SIL x CLA x , C x Represent the contents of sand, silt, clay and organic carbon in grid x respectively.

[0089] Based on the simulation results of the InVEST-AWY model, the regional water conservation capacity is further calculated using the following formula:

[0090]

[0091] Where R is the water conservation capacity, V is the velocity coefficient, TI is the terrain index, K is the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil, and Y is the water yield.

[0092] Step a13, based on the land use / cover type data, digital elevation data, normalized difference vegetation index, soil data, and bedrock depth data, the soil conservation module of the InVEST model is used to calculate the soil conservation amount.

[0093] Soil conservation refers to the function of an ecosystem to protect soil through its structure and process, reduce the erosion capacity of rainwater, and reduce soil loss. At present, there are roughly two types of quantitative models for soil erosion: empirical statistical models and physical models. The USLE model is a typical representative of empirical statistical models. The embodiment of the present invention uses the soil conservation (Sediment Delivery Ratio) module in the InVEST model to evaluate the physical amount of soil conservation in the study area. The model is based on the modified universal soil loss equation (RUSLE), and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0094] SD=RKLS-ULSE

[0095] RKLS=RS×K×LS×SDR barei

[0096] USLE=RS×K×LS×C×P×SDR i

[0097]

[0098] Wherein, SD is the soil conservation amount in the study area, RKLS is the potential soil erosion amount under bare land conditions, USLE is the actual soil loss amount, and their units are all t·(ha·a)-1; RS is the rainfall erosivity factor (unit: MJ·mm·(ha·h·a)-1), and the calculation formula is shown below; K is the soil erodibility factor (unit: t·ha·h·(ha·MJ·mm)), and the calculation formula is shown below; LS is the slope length factor (dimensionless), which is calculated using DEM data; C is the vegetation coverage and management factor (dimensionless), and the vegetation coverage is calculated using NDVI data; P is the soil conservation measure factor (dimensionless); SDR barei is the sediment transport ratio when the land use is bare land, that is, the C factor is not considered; SDR i SDR is the sediment transport ratio; max is the maximum transfer ratio, the default value is 0.8; IC 0 and kr are model parameters, which are set to 0.5 and 0.8 respectively according to the actual sediment transport modulus.

[0099] The calculation formula of rainfall erosivity factor R is as follows:

[0100] RS i =α×P i β

[0101] In the formula, RS i is the rainfall erosivity factor in the i-th year, P i is the rainfall in the i-th year (mm), α and β are the determination coefficients of the annual rainfall model, which are 0.0534 and 1.6548 respectively.

[0102] The calculation formula of soil erodibility factor K is as follows:

[0103] K=(-0.01383+0.51575×K epic )×0.1317

[0104]

[0105] In the formula, SAN is the percentage of sand; SIL is the percentage of silt; CLA is the percentage of clay; SNI = 1-SAN / 100; C is the percentage of soil organic carbon = organic matter percentage / 1.724.

[0106] Step a14, based on the land use / cover type data and the carbon density reference value corresponding to each land use / cover type, the fixed carbon dioxide amount is calculated using the carbon storage module of InVEST.

[0107] Carbon fixation is the function of the ecosystem to absorb carbon dioxide to synthesize organic matter, fix carbon in plants and soil, and reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In the present invention, the Carbon Storage and Sequestration module of the InVEST model is selected to calculate the amount of fixed carbon dioxide in the terrestrial ecosystem of the study area.

[0108] The carbon storage module of the InVEST model divides the ecosystem carbon storage into four basic carbon pools, namely aboveground biocarbon (carbon in all living plants above the soil), underground biocarbon (carbon in the living root system of plants), soil carbon (organic carbon in mineral soil and organic soil) and dead organic carbon (carbon in litter, dead wood and garbage). The carbon storage is calculated by multiplying the average carbon density of the four carbon pools of each land use / cover type by the corresponding land area. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0109] C 总 =C above +C below +C soil +C dead

[0110]

[0111] In the formula, C 总 is the sum of carbon storage per unit area of ​​a certain land use type (t), that is, the sum of fixed carbon dioxide, C above is the carbon density of aboveground biomass (t / ha), C below is the carbon density of underground biomass (t / ha), C soil is soil organic carbon density (t / ha), C dead is the carbon density of dead organic matter (t / ha), C total is the regional ecosystem carbon storage (t), A k is the area of ​​the kth land use type (ha).

[0112] The basic assumption of the carbon storage and fixation module of the InVEST model is: the carbon density of a certain land type is regarded as a constant, and the carbon density of different vegetation types is multiplied by the corresponding area to calculate the regional vegetation carbon storage. Since different scholars have found that there are large differences in carbon density, the embodiment of the present invention chooses the literature data of the south, especially the Yangtze River Delta region as the research area as much as possible as a reference. The soil carbon density is taken as the average value based on the conclusions of previous studies, and other density values ​​are taken from the correction of the density values ​​of related adjacent areas. Finally, the carbon density values ​​of different land use / cover types are obtained, as shown in Table 2.

[0113] Table 2 Carbon density reference values ​​for each land use type in the study area (unit: t / ha)

[0114]

[0115] Step a15, based on digital elevation data, land use / cover type data and pollutant interception efficiency corresponding to each land use / cover type, the nutrient delivery rate module of the InVEST model is used to calculate the nitrogen output and phosphorus output of each grid, evaluate the potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification function, and based on the potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification function, calculate the purified COD amount, nitrogen purification amount and phosphorus purification amount.

[0116] Water purification refers to the function of an ecosystem to reduce the concentration of water pollutants and purify the water environment through physical and biochemical processes such as adsorption, degradation and biological absorption of water pollutants.

[0117] The present invention uses the Nutrient Delivery Ratio module of the InVEST model to calculate the purification capacity of the ecosystem in the study area for nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff. First, the DEM data is used to perform watershed analysis, including flow direction, flow, river chain, catchment area analysis, etc. Then, the pollutant output of each grid unit is estimated according to the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) output coefficients, and the interception capacity of different vegetation is considered to simulate the deposition and interception loss of nitrogen and phosphorus from one grid unit to the next unit. In this way, the spatial distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients is simulated and the potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification function is evaluated. Based on the potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification function, the nitrogen purification amount and phosphorus purification amount are calculated, and the purified COD amount is further studied. Since the actual amount of pollutants purified in the study area is affected by the regional pollution emissions and upstream runoff, this paper uses the average nitrogen and phosphorus output loads of each pixel in the study area to evaluate the water purification service function of the study area. The higher the average nitrogen and phosphorus output of the pixel, the worse the water purification service function.

[0118] The calculation principle of the nutrient delivery rate module of the InVEST model is as follows:

[0119] ① The total nutrient output is the sum of the nutrient output of all pixels in the watershed, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0120]

[0121] x expi =load surf,i ×NDR surf,i +load subs,i ×NDR subs,i

[0122] In the formula, x expt is the total nutrient output of the basin, x expiis the output of nutrient x in grid i, in kg·a-1. surf,i and load surs,i are surface nutrient load and underground nutrient load, both in kg·ha-1·a-1, NDR surf,i and NDR surs,i are the surface nutrient transfer rate and the underground nutrient transfer rate, respectively.

[0123] ② Nutrient x load of grid i xi It is divided into a sediment-bound part and a dissolved part, which are transported to the river through surface flow and underground flow respectively. The calculation method of surface load and underground load is as follows:

[0124] load surf,i =(1-propportion subsurface i )×modified.load i

[0125] load subs,i =propportion subsurface i ×modified.load i

[0126] modified.load xi =load xi ×RPI xi

[0127]

[0128] Where, propportion subsurface i It is the ratio of underground nutrient load to total nutrient load. Since phosphorus is often bound to sediments and is unlikely to be transported by groundwater flow, this situation is more commonly used for nitrogen calculations. i is the corrected nutrient load of grid i, RP i is the nutrient runoff index of grid i, RP average It is the average runoff index of the runoff in the grid. In practical applications, RP is often defined as the rapid flow index or precipitation.

[0129] ③Nutrient transfer rate

[0130]

[0131] Where, IC 0 and kr are model parameters, IC i is the terrain factor, NDR0,i It represents the proportion of nutrients in grid i that cannot be intercepted by downstream grids. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0132] NDR 0,i =1-eff i '

[0133] In the formula, eff i ' is the maximum nutrient retention value of grid i, and the evaluation method is as follows:

[0134]

[0135] Where eff′ downi is the effective nutrient retention rate of the grid directly downstream of grid i, eff is the maximum nutrient retention rate that grid i can achieve, and s i is the step size factor, which is calculated as follows:

[0136]

[0137] In the formula, l idown is the distance from grid i to its downstream grid, l i is the retention length of land use type on grid i.

[0138] ④ The biophysical parameters related to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) output were obtained based on relevant literature and the actual situation in the study area. The specific values ​​are shown in Table 3. The interception efficiency of each land use type refers to the ability of plants and soils in different land use types to filter nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients migrating from upstream. The value range is between 0 and 1. The larger the value, the higher the interception efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus. The cumulative flow data was analyzed by ArcGIS watershed and compared with the actual river network in the study area, and the cumulative flow threshold of Shanghai was determined to be 1000.

[0139] Table 3 Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) nutrient loads and interception efficiency parameters for each land use type in the study area of ​​Shanghai

[0140]

[0141] Step a16, based on the land use / cover type data and the threat factor data corresponding to each land use / cover type, the habitat quality module of the InVEST model is used to calculate the habitat quality of each grid.

[0142] Species conservation refers to the role and value of ecosystems in providing places for rare and endangered species to survive and reproduce. Generally, the higher the level of habitat quality, the stronger the species conservation capacity is considered to be. The level of habitat quality can reflect the service function of biodiversity. The present invention uses the Habitat Quality module in the InVEST model to evaluate the level of habitat quality in the study area. This module uses habitat quality as a representative of biodiversity associated with different land use types. Generally, areas with higher habitat quality can support higher species richness, and a decrease in habitat quality will lead to a decrease in species diversity.

[0143] The data required for the habitat quality module include: land use / land cover data, threat factor layer, threat factor table, relative sensitivity of habitat to threat factors and protected area data. The calculation principle of habitat quality is as follows:

[0144]

[0145] In the formula, Q xj H is the habitat quality of grid x in land use / land cover type j, with a range of [0, 1], and a larger value indicates a higher habitat quality; j is the habitat suitability of land use / land cover type j, ranging from [0, 1], where 0 represents non-habitat and 1 represents the highest habitat suitability; D xj is the degree of habitat degradation of grid x in land use / land cover type j; z is the normalization constant, with a default value of 2.5; k is the half-saturation constant, with a default value of 0.05. When using this model to calculate habitat quality, it is usually necessary to calculate twice, with the first half-saturation constant set to 0.05 and the second half-saturation constant set to half of the maximum habitat degradation value in the first calculation result.

[0146] The calculation formula for the habitat degradation level of grid x in land use / land cover type j is as follows:

[0147]

[0148] When linear decay occurs,

[0149] When exponential decay occurs,

[0150] Where D xj is the habitat degradation level of grid x in land use / land cover type j. The larger the value, the higher the degree of habitat degradation. R is the number of threat factors. r is the threat factor. y is the grid layer of threat factor r. Yr is the number of grids of threat factor. c r is the weight of the threat factor r, indicating the relative threat degree of the threat factor, with a value range of [0, 1]. The larger the value, the greater the threat to the habitat integrity;rxy The influence of the grid layer y of the threat factor r on the habitat grid x, and the attenuation modes affected by distance include linear attenuation and exponential attenuation; d xy is the distance between habitat grid x and threat factor grid y; d r max is the maximum impact distance of threat factor r; β x Represents the accessibility level of grid x, ranging from [0, 1], where 0 represents the policy-protected area and is inaccessible, and 1 represents full access; S jr is the sensitivity of land use / land cover type j to threat factor r, and its value is [0, 1]. The larger the value, the more sensitive it is.

[0151] Woodlands, water areas, grasslands and cultivated land were selected as habitats based on the supporting capacity of land use types for species survival. Habitat suitability, relative sensitivity to threat factors, and the impact range and weight of threat factors were assigned corresponding values ​​based on expert opinions and previous literature, as shown in Tables 4 and 5.

[0152] Table 4 Maximum impact distance and weight of threat factors

[0153]

[0154] Table 5 Habitat suitability and relative sensitivity to threatening factors

[0155]

[0156] Step a17, based on the POI data of scenic spots, use the Maxent model to analyze the importance and contribution rate of each environmental variable to cultural services, and calculate the cultural service suitability index value of each grid based on the importance and contribution rate of each environmental variable, where the environmental variables include digital elevation, slope, normalized vegetation index, distance from roads, and distance from water bodies. The distance from roads and distance from water bodies are obtained by performing buffer zone analysis based on road and water body data.

[0157] Cultural services refer to the intangible benefits provided by the ecosystem to improve the quality of human life. According to the natural geographical characteristics and the scale of social and economic development of the research area, this paper selects leisure tourism to represent cultural services.

[0158] Leisure tourism refers to the intangible benefits that humans obtain from the ecosystem through spiritual feelings, knowledge acquisition, leisure and entertainment, aesthetic experience, health care and other tourism and leisure methods. Firstly, based on natural geographical data, POI data and social survey data, the Maxent model is used to evaluate the cultural service capacity of urban ecosystems, and the importance and contribution rate of each environmental variable are analyzed.

[0159] 1) Maxent model

[0160] The maximum entropy model (Maxent) is a mathematical model that infers the probability distribution of unknown information based on known incomplete information. Its principle is to maximize the information entropy distributed in the unknown area while satisfying all known constraints. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0161]

[0162] In the formula, x represents the environmental variable, that is, the environmental factor, which is the independent variable; is the probability of occurrence of x environment variable; is the entropy value. The probability distribution that satisfies the maximum entropy principle is:

[0163]

[0164] The advantage of the Maxent model is that it still has high accuracy even when the sample point data is small, and its prediction accuracy increases with the increase of sample size and related environmental variables. The model uses the Jackknife test to analyze the importance of environmental variables, and uses the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) (AUC) value to analyze and evaluate the accuracy of the Maxent model. The accuracy of the model prediction results is proportional to the AUC value, and the evaluation criteria are as follows: AUC values ​​of 0.9 to 1 indicate excellent model prediction results; 0.8 to 0.9 indicate good model prediction results; 0.7 to 0.8 indicate average model prediction results; 0.6 to 0.7 indicate poor model prediction results; and 0.5 to 0.6 indicates failure of model prediction results. Compared with other models, the Maxent model is more optimized in terms of prediction performance and stability.

[0165] 2) Cultural service dataset

[0166] The cultural service data set includes officially released tourist attraction data and scenic spots and points of interest (POI) data. This paper selects 134 3A and above attractions from the "List of Shanghai A-level Tourist Attractions" published by the Shanghai Municipal Culture and Tourism Bureau on March 16, 2023, and uses ArcGIS for spatialization and as training and test data for Maxent model simulation.

[0167] With the rapid rise of geospatial big data, point of interest (POI) data has become a commonly used data type in geography and society. POI data has the characteristics of large amount of information, high location accuracy, clear business classification, and strong real-time performance. According to the characteristics of Shanghai's three types of cultural services for related industries, combined with previous studies, the present invention obtains Shanghai's POI data in 2010 and 2020 through Baidu Maps and Amap Application Programming Interface (API), which are 1736 and 4727 pieces of data respectively, including scenic spots, parks and squares, tourist attractions, zoos, botanical gardens, temples and Taoist temples, churches, etc., and cleans, classifies and screens them, and finally 927 and 1269 pieces of data. The screening method using attributes and keywords is adopted. First, the cultural service value classification is determined according to the attributes, and then the data points are screened according to the keywords in the corresponding attributes, and the duplicates are deleted to obtain the final POI set of three types of cultural services, namely: natural landscape value, leisure and entertainment value, and science and education and cultural value.

[0168] 3) Environment variable data

[0169] A report released by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre in 2010 showed that the indicators for measuring CES are mainly natural condition indicators, intermediate service indicators, human well-being indicators, etc. The environmental variables used in this paper include natural condition indicators: digital elevation, slope, normalized difference vegetation index; and artificial condition indicators: land use / cover type, distance to road (DTR), distance to water (DTW). In order to avoid multicollinearity, the environmental variables were subjected to correlation analysis. The results showed that except for the high correlation between elevation and slope, the correlations between the other variables were all less than 0.45.

[0170] The embodiment of the present invention can more accurately simulate and predict ecosystem service functions and improve the scientificity and accuracy of the assessment by calculating the physical quantity with the help of the InVEST model and the Maxent model.

[0171] In some embodiments, the value amounts corresponding to the agricultural product sub-service, water conservation sub-service, soil conservation sub-service, carbon fixation sub-service, water purification sub-service, species conservation sub-service and leisure tourism sub-service are respectively the output value of agricultural products, the value of water conservation, the value of soil conservation, the value of carbon fixation, the value of water purification, the value of species conservation and the value of leisure tourism. The soil conservation value includes the value of reducing siltation and the value of reducing non-point source pollution. The water purification value includes the value of purifying COD, the value of total nitrogen purification and the value of total phosphorus purification.

[0172] Correspondingly, step S103, calculating the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category according to the physical quantity, includes:

[0173] Step b1, calculate the agricultural product output value, water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value, species conservation value and leisure tourism value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category based on the physical quantity.

[0174] By breaking down the value of each sub-service, it helps to comprehensively calculate the value of ecosystem services and improve the accuracy of accounting.

[0175] In some embodiments, step b1, calculating the agricultural product output value, water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value, species conservation value and leisure tourism value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category based on the physical quantity, includes:

[0176] Step b11, calculate the output value of agricultural products using the market value method based on the grain output.

[0177] The output value of agricultural products refers to the total output value of grain. This study adopts the market value method, determines the unit price of grain according to the actual market price of the year, and calculates the output value of agricultural products based on the unit price of grain and grain output. The data on unit price of grain comes from statistical yearbooks, statistical bulletins, etc.

[0178] Step b12, according to the water conservation amount, the water conservation value is calculated by using the market value method.

[0179] The calculation formula for water conservation value is:

[0180] V wr =R wr ×C we

[0181] Where V wr Value of water conservation services (yuan / a), R wr is the total water conservation capacity in the study area, C we is the market price of water resources trading. To ensure the comparability of data, this paper does not consider monetary inflation, and takes the average market price of groundwater trading (0.58 yuan / ton) as a reference. At the same time, combined with the average price of groundwater rights trading in the Yangtze River Delta region (2.66 yuan / ton), the standard of water conservation price in Shanghai is determined to be 1.62 yuan / ton.

[0182] Step b13, according to the soil conservation amount, the value of reducing silt deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution are calculated by using the substitution cost method, and the soil conservation value is obtained based on the sum of the value of reducing silt deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution.

[0183] The calculation of soil conservation value mainly includes reducing non-point source pollution and reducing sediment deposition, and is calculated using the replacement cost method. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0184] V s =V 1 +V 2

[0185] V 1 =λ×(E s / ρ)·c

[0186]

[0187] Where V s is the ecosystem soil conservation value (yuan / a), V 1 To reduce the value of sediment deposition (yuan / a), V 2 To reduce the value of non-point source pollution (yuan / a). According to the law of sediment movement in the main watershed, 24% of the sediment lost by soil erosion is deposited in reservoirs, rivers and lakes, so the sediment deposition coefficient λ is taken as 0.24; E s is the soil retention capacity (t / a); ρ is the soil bulk density (t / m3), taking the average value of Shanghai as 0.26t / m3; c is the unit reservoir desilting project cost (yuan / m3), referring to the budget quota of water conservancy construction projects of the Ministry of Water Resources, taking 17.63 yuan / m3. i is the pure content of pollutants (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) in the soil (%), where the nitrogen content is 0.37% and the phosphorus content is 0.108%; i is the unit pollutant treatment cost (yuan / t). According to the relevant regulations on the collection and use of pollution discharge fees, the cost of nitrogen degradation is 875 yuan / t, and the cost of phosphorus degradation is 2800 yuan / t. i represents the number of pollutant types in the soil.

[0188] Step b14, calculate the carbon fixation value using the market value method based on the fixed carbon dioxide amount.

[0189] The carbon sequestration value is calculated using the market value method, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0190]

[0191] Where V Cf is the ecosystem carbon sequestration value (yuan / a), is the amount of carbon dioxide fixed by the ecosystem (t CO2 / a), C C is the carbon price (yuan / t), i.e. the price in the carbon trading market. To ensure the comparability of data, this paper does not consider monetary inflation. The carbon sequestration price is calculated based on the monthly carbon emission trading price statistics of the Shanghai Environment and Energy Exchange from January 2018 to May 2024, with an average of 47.37 yuan / ton.

[0192] Step b15, according to the purified COD amount, nitrogen output amount and phosphorus output amount, the purified COD value, the total nitrogen purification value and the total phosphorus purification value are calculated by using the replacement cost method, and the water quality purification value is obtained based on the sum of the purified COD value, the total nitrogen purification value and the total phosphorus purification value;

[0193] The value of water purification is calculated using the substitution cost method, using the potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification determined by the LY / T1721-2008 Forest Ecosystem Service Function Assessment Standard, multiplied by the cost of unit COD and ammonia nitrogen treatment, respectively.

[0194] The calculation formula of water purification value is as follows:

[0195]

[0196] Where V W is the value of water purification in the ecosystem (yuan / a), Q wpi is the purification amount of the i-th type of water pollutant (t / a), C i is the unit treatment cost of the i-th water pollutant (yuan / t). Referring to relevant literature and policy pricing, the treatment cost of COD in water is determined to be 8,000 yuan / t, the treatment cost of nitrogen (N) in water is 9,572.92 yuan / t, and the treatment cost of phosphorus (P) in water is 10,000 yuan / t; i is the i-th water pollutant category in the study area.

[0197] Step b16, calculate the species conservation value based on habitat quality using the following formula:

[0198] G bio =[r m ×δ×[N i +0.1∑(E m ×N m )×N m ]×τ×θ] / P con

[0199] This formula is based on the concept of species conservation and renewal service functions, on the basis of the species diversity conservation value assessment model, combined with the habitat quality module of the InVEST model, and uses the species conservation energy value to calculate the species conservation value. bio is the species conservation value (ten thousand yuan), r m is the species renewal rate, with a value of 0.01 for plants and 0.1 for animals, and δ is the habitat quality adjustment coefficient, which is calculated based on habitat quality by the habitat quality module of the InVEST model, with 2000 as the base year. i is the number of terrestrial vertebrate species in the study area, E m is the index of different endangered levels, Nm is the number of endangered species, which is extracted from the GBIF database, τ is the energy conversion rate of a single species, θ is the proportion of ecological land area in the study area, and P con The conservation renewal rate value of a unit species is taken as the mean value of the energy value / currency ratio in the Yangtze River Delta, 2.04×1012 (sej / yuan).

[0200] Step b17, according to the cultural service suitability index value, use the following formula to calculate the leisure tourism value:

[0201]

[0202] Where V (Culture) For leisure tourism value, CES x is the cultural service suitability index value of grid x, CES sum The sum of the cultural service suitability index values ​​in the study area, V sum For tourism income.

[0203] According to the data availability and comparability of evaluation units, the present invention uses the physical quantity of cultural services to spatially process the tourism income statistical data, where the number of tourists and tourism income data are derived from the Statistical Yearbook of Shanghai and its districts, the Statistical Communiqué of National Economic and Social Development, local chronicles, etc.

[0204] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the market value method and the replacement cost method to calculate the output value of agricultural products, water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value and water purification value, calculates the species conservation value and leisure tourism value according to the set formula, quantifies the non-market value of ecosystem services, provides a multi-angle economic evaluation, and increases the comprehensiveness of the evaluation.

[0205] In some embodiments, step S104, calculating the total value of urban ecosystem services according to the sub-service values, includes:

[0206] Step S1041, calculating the value of product supply services based on the output value of agricultural products.

[0207] Step S1042, calculate and adjust the service value according to the water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value and species conservation value.

[0208] Step S1043, calculating the value of cultural services based on the leisure tourism value.

[0209] Step S1044, determining the total value of urban ecosystem services based on the sum of product supply service value, regulation service value and cultural service value.

[0210] By accounting for different types of service values, the importance of different service functions in urban ecosystems can be more accurately identified and emphasized.

[0211] In some embodiments, the total value of urban ecosystem services includes the sum of the value of product supply services, regulation services, and cultural services, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0212] GEP=EPV+ERV+ECV

[0213]

[0214]

[0215]

[0216] In the formula, GEP is the total value of urban ecosystem services, EPV is the value of product supply services, ERV is the value of regulatory services, ECV is the value of cultural services, and EP is the value of i is the output of the i-th ecosystem product, P i is the price of the i-th ecosystem product, ER j is the amount of regulatory service function of the j-th ecosystem, P j The price of the jth ecosystem regulation service function, EC k is the cultural service function of the kth ecosystem, P k The price of the cultural service function of the kth ecosystem.

[0217] In one example, the urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting method according to an embodiment of the present invention calculates the physical quantity of sub-services, the value of sub-services, and the total value of urban ecosystem services obtained by a city for visualization, such as Figures 4 to 18 shown.

[0218] The urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting method of the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0219] 1. Based on high-resolution geospatial data sets and electronic statistical data for preset time periods, models such as InVEST are used to simulate and evaluate regional food production, water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation, water purification, habitat quality and other functions. This can accurately identify the importance of regional ecosystem service functions and sensitive areas, providing a solid foundation for further calculating the value of ecological products, and providing a reference for building a regional ecological security pattern.

[0220] 2. Use geospatial data sets and statistical data from different times to evaluate the urban ecosystem service functions, calculate the value of the physical quantity corresponding to each indicator, and explore the spatiotemporal change trends of ecosystem services.

[0221] 3. Based on the high-precision urban ecosystem service function assessment results, the value of each urban ecosystem service is accurately calculated using the replacement cost method and market value method, thereby improving the accuracy of ecosystem service value calculation.

[0222] 4. The method proposed in this invention can be promoted and applied in other regions, incorporated into urban ecological management, and a normalized urban ecosystem service value accounting system can be established to serve urban construction work such as urban construction project decision-making and spatial planning.

[0223] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for evaluating and calculating the service function of an urban ecosystem. Fig.19 As shown, including:

[0224] The data acquisition module 201 is used to acquire geographic spatial data sets and electronic statistical data of a preset time period;

[0225] A physical quantity calculation module 202 is used to calculate the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in the pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system based on the geospatial data set and electronic statistical data of a preset time period;

[0226] The sub-service value calculation module 203 is used to calculate the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category according to the physical quantity;

[0227] The total value calculation module 204 is used to calculate the total value of urban ecosystem services based on the sub-service values.

[0228] The urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting device of the embodiment of the present invention obtains a geographic spatial data set and electronic statistical data of a preset time period, calculates the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in a pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system according to the geographic spatial data set and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period, calculates the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category according to the physical quantity, and calculates the total value of urban ecosystem services according to the sub-service value. It can finely obtain the physical quantity, sub-service value and total value of urban ecosystem services corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in each grid in the study area, thereby obtaining an accurate urban ecosystem service value, improving the accuracy of ecological product value accounting, finding out the "family background" of ecological resources, identifying high and low areas of ecosystem service value, and providing basic support for the subsequent realization of ecological product value.

[0229] Furthermore, the ecosystem service sub-service categories include agricultural product sub-service, water conservation sub-service, soil conservation sub-service, carbon fixation sub-service, water quality purification sub-service, species conservation sub-service and leisure and tourism sub-service. The physical quantities corresponding to the agricultural product sub-service, water conservation sub-service, soil conservation sub-service, carbon fixation sub-service, water quality purification sub-service, species conservation sub-service and leisure and tourism sub-service are grain output, water conservation, soil conservation, carbon dioxide fixation, water quality purification, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index value, respectively. The water quality purification quantity includes COD purification, nitrogen purification and phosphorus purification.

[0230] Correspondingly, the physical quantity calculation module 202 is also used to calculate the food production, water conservation, soil conservation, fixed carbon dioxide, water purification, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index value based on the geospatial data set and electronic statistical data of the preset time period.

[0231] Furthermore, the geospatial data set includes land use / cover type data, digital elevation data, normalized vegetation index, soil data, bedrock depth data, precipitation data, evaporation data, slope data, road data and scenic spot POI data for each grid in the city map; the electronic statistical data for the preset time period includes statistical yearbook data for the specified year.

[0232] Correspondingly, the physical quantity calculation module 202 includes:

[0233] The grain yield calculation module is used to calculate the grain yield of each grid according to the following formula:

[0234]

[0235] In the formula, G (x) is the grain yield of grid x, NDVI x is the value of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index of raster x, NDVI sum is the sum of the normalized vegetation index values ​​of all grids in the city map, G sum is the total grain output, which is obtained based on the data from the Statistical Yearbook;

[0236] The water conservation capacity calculation module is used to calculate the annual water production of each grid based on the precipitation data and evaporation data of each grid, using the water production module of the InVEST model, calculate the runoff velocity coefficient and terrain index according to the digital elevation data, and calculate the water conservation capacity according to the following formula:

[0237]

[0238] In the formula, R is the water conservation capacity, V is the runoff velocity coefficient, TI is the terrain index, K is the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, and Y is the annual water yield;

[0239] A soil conservation calculation module is used to calculate soil conservation using the soil conservation module of the InVEST model based on land use / cover type data, digital elevation data, normalized difference vegetation index, soil data, and bedrock depth data;

[0240] The carbon fixation calculation module is used to calculate the fixed carbon dioxide amount using the carbon storage module of InVEST based on the land use / cover type data and the carbon density reference value corresponding to each land use / cover type;

[0241] The water quality purification physical quantity calculation module is used to calculate the nitrogen output and phosphorus output of each grid based on digital elevation data, land use / cover type data and the pollutant interception efficiency corresponding to each land use / cover type, using the nutrient delivery rate module of the InVEST model, evaluate the potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification function, and calculate the purified COD amount, nitrogen purification amount and phosphorus purification amount based on the potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification function;

[0242] A habitat quality calculation module is used to calculate the habitat quality of each grid using the habitat quality module of the InVEST model based on the land use / cover type data and the threat factor data corresponding to each land use / cover type;

[0243] The cultural service suitability calculation module is used to analyze the importance and contribution rate of various environmental variables to cultural services based on the POI data of scenic spots using the Maxent model, and calculate the cultural service suitability index value of each grid based on the importance and contribution rate of each environmental variable. The environmental variables include digital elevation, slope, normalized vegetation index, distance to roads, and distance to water bodies. The distance to roads and distance to water bodies are obtained based on road data.

[0244] Furthermore, the values ​​corresponding to the agricultural product sub-service, water conservation sub-service, soil conservation sub-service, carbon fixation sub-service, water purification sub-service, species conservation sub-service and leisure tourism sub-service are respectively the output value of agricultural products, the value of water conservation, the value of soil conservation, the value of carbon fixation, the value of water purification, the value of species conservation and the value of leisure tourism. The value of soil conservation includes the value of reducing sediment deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution. The value of water purification includes the value of purifying COD, the value of total nitrogen purification and the value of total phosphorus purification.

[0245] Correspondingly, the sub-service value calculation module 203 is also used for:

[0246] The agricultural product output value, water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value, species conservation value and leisure and tourism value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-category are calculated based on the physical quantity.

[0247] The sub-service value calculation module 203 includes:

[0248] The agricultural product output value calculation module is used to calculate the agricultural product output value based on the grain output using the market value method;

[0249] The water conservation value calculation module is used to calculate the water conservation value based on the water conservation amount using the market value method;

[0250] A soil conservation value calculation module is used to calculate the value of reducing sediment deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution based on the soil conservation amount by using the replacement cost method, and obtain the soil conservation value based on the sum of the value of reducing sediment deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution;

[0251] A carbon fixation value calculation module is used to calculate the carbon fixation value using the market value method based on the fixed carbon dioxide amount;

[0252] A water purification value calculation module is used to calculate the purified COD value, the total nitrogen purification value and the total phosphorus purification value by using the replacement cost method according to the purified COD amount, the nitrogen output amount and the phosphorus output amount, and obtain the water purification value based on the sum of the purified COD value, the total nitrogen purification value and the total phosphorus purification value;

[0253] The species conservation value calculation module is used to calculate the species conservation value based on habitat quality using the following formula:

[0254] G bio =[r m ×δ×[N i +0.1∑(E m ×N m )×N m ]×τ×θ] / P con

[0255] In the formula, G bio is the species conservation value, r m is the species renewal rate, δ is the habitat quality adjustment coefficient, which is calculated based on the habitat quality by the habitat quality module of the InVEST model, and N i is the number of terrestrial vertebrate species in the study area, E m is the index of different endangered levels, N m is the number of endangered species, τ is the energy conversion rate of a single species, θ is the proportion of ecological land area in the study area, P con is the conservation regeneration rate value of a unit species;

[0256] The leisure tourism value calculation module is used to calculate the leisure tourism value according to the cultural service suitability index value using the following formula:

[0257]

[0258] Where V (Culture) For leisure tourism value, CES x is the cultural service suitability index value of grid x, CES sum The sum of the cultural service suitability index values ​​in the study area, V sum For tourism income.

[0259] Furthermore, the total value calculation module 204 includes:

[0260] The supply service value calculation module is used to calculate the supply service value of products based on the output value of agricultural products;

[0261] The module for calculating the value of regulatory services is used to calculate the value of regulatory services based on water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value and species conservation value;

[0262] The cultural service value calculation module is used to calculate the cultural service value based on the leisure tourism value;

[0263] The total value accounting module is used to determine the total value of urban ecosystem services based on the sum of the value of product supply services, regulatory services and cultural services.

[0264] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device, such as Fig. 20 As shown, the computer device includes: one or more processors 10, a memory 20, and interfaces for connecting various components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. Various components are connected to each other using different buses for communication, and can be installed on a common mainboard or installed in other ways as needed. The processor can process the instructions executed in the computer device, including instructions stored in or on the memory to display the graphical information of the GUI on an external input / output device (such as, a display device coupled to the interface). In some optional embodiments, if necessary, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used together with multiple memories and multiple memories. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, and each device provides some necessary operations (for example, as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multi-processor system). Fig. 20 A processor 10 is taken as an example.

[0265] The processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor or a combination thereof. The processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be a dedicated integrated circuit, a programmable logic device or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device, a field programmable gate array, a general purpose array logic or any combination thereof.

[0266] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10, so that at least one processor 10 executes the method shown in the above embodiment.

[0267] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the computer device, etc. In addition, the memory 20 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some optional embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0268] The memory 20 may include a volatile memory, such as a random access memory; the memory may also include a non-volatile memory, such as a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0269] The computer device also includes an input device 30 and an output device 40. The processor 10, the memory 20, the input device 30 and the output device 40 may be connected via a bus or other means. Fig. 20 The example of connecting through bus is taken in the following.

[0270] The input device 30 can receive input digital or character information, and generate key signal input related to the user settings and function control of the computer device, such as a touch screen, a keypad, a mouse, a track pad, a touch pad, an indicator bar, one or more mouse buttons, a trackball, a joystick, etc. The output device 40 may include a display device, an auxiliary lighting device (e.g., an LED) and a tactile feedback device (e.g., a vibration motor), etc. The above-mentioned display device includes but is not limited to a liquid crystal display, a light emitting diode, a display and a plasma display. In some optional embodiments, the display device can be a touch screen.

[0271] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or can be implemented as a computer code that can be recorded in a storage medium, or can be implemented as a computer code that is originally stored in a remote storage medium or a non-temporary machine-readable storage medium and will be stored in a local storage medium through a network download, so that the method described herein can be stored in such software processing on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. Among them, the storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, a random access memory, a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid-state hard disk, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include a combination of the above types of memories. It can be understood that a computer, a processor, a microprocessor controller, or programmable hardware includes a storage component that can store or receive software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by a computer, a processor, or hardware, the method shown in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0272] A part of the present invention may be applied as a computer program product, such as a computer program instruction, which, when executed by a computer, can call or provide the method and / or technical solution according to the present invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art should understand that the existence of the computer program instruction in a computer-readable medium includes, but is not limited to, a source file, an executable file, an installation package file, etc., and accordingly, the way in which the computer program instruction is executed by the computer includes, but is not limited to: the computer directly executes the instruction, or the computer compiles the instruction and then executes the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reads and executes the instruction, or the computer reads and installs the instruction and then executes the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium may be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to the computer.

[0273] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating and calculating the service function of an urban ecosystem, characterized in that: include: Access geospatial datasets and electronic statistical data for pre-defined time periods; Calculate the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in the pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system based on the geospatial data set and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period; Calculate the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category based on the physical quantity; The total value of urban ecosystem services is calculated based on the value of the sub-services.

2. The urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ecosystem service sub-service categories include agricultural product sub-service, water conservation sub-service, soil conservation sub-service, carbon fixation sub-service, water purification sub-service, species conservation sub-service and leisure tourism sub-service. The physical quantities corresponding to agricultural product sub-service, water conservation sub-service, soil conservation sub-service, carbon fixation sub-service, water purification sub-service, species conservation sub-service and leisure tourism sub-service are respectively food production, water conservation, soil conservation, carbon dioxide fixation, water purification, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index value. Water purification includes COD purification, nitrogen purification and phosphorus purification. Correspondingly, the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in the pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system is calculated based on the geospatial data set and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period, including: The food production, water conservation, soil conservation, carbon dioxide fixation, water purification, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index values ​​are calculated based on the geospatial data set and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period.

3. The urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The geospatial data set includes land use / cover type data, digital elevation data, normalized difference vegetation index, soil data, bedrock depth data, precipitation data, evaporation data, slope data, road data and scenic spot POI data of each grid in the city map; The electronic statistical data for the preset time period includes statistical yearbook data for a specified year; Calculate the food production, water conservation, soil conservation, fixed carbon dioxide, water purification, habitat quality and cultural service suitability index values ​​based on the geospatial data set and the electronic statistical data for the preset time period, including: The grain yield of each grid is calculated according to the following formula: In the formula, G (x) is the grain yield of grid x, NDVI x is the value of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index of raster x, NDVI sum is the sum of the normalized vegetation index values ​​of all grids in the city map, G sum is the total grain output, which is obtained based on the data from the Statistical Yearbook; Based on the precipitation data and evaporation data of each grid, the water yield module of the InVEST model is used to calculate the annual water yield of each grid, the runoff velocity coefficient and terrain index are calculated according to the digital elevation data, and the water conservation capacity is calculated according to the following formula: In the formula, R is the water conservation capacity, V is the runoff velocity coefficient, TI is the terrain index, K is the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, and Y is the annual water yield; The soil conservation module of the InVEST model is used to calculate soil conservation based on land use / cover type data, digital elevation data, normalized difference vegetation index, soil data, and bedrock depth data; Based on the land use / cover type data and the carbon density reference values ​​corresponding to each land use / cover type, the fixed carbon dioxide amount is calculated using the carbon storage module of InVEST; Based on digital elevation data, land use / cover type data and pollutant interception efficiency corresponding to each land use / cover type, the nutrient delivery rate module of the InVEST model was used to calculate the nitrogen output and phosphorus output of each grid, and the potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification function was evaluated. Based on the potential of the ecosystem for COD and ammonia nitrogen purification function, the amount of purified COD, nitrogen purification and phosphorus purification was calculated; Based on the land use / cover type data and the threat factor data corresponding to each land use / cover type, the habitat quality module of the InVEST model was used to calculate the habitat quality of each grid; Based on the POI data of scenic spots, the Maxent model was used to analyze the importance and contribution rate of each environmental variable to cultural services. The cultural service suitability index value of each grid was calculated based on the importance and contribution rate of each environmental variable. Among them, the environmental variables included digital elevation, slope, normalized vegetation index, distance to roads, and distance to waters. The distance to roads and distance to waters were obtained based on road data.

4. The urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The corresponding values ​​of agricultural product sub-service, water conservation sub-service, soil conservation sub-service, carbon fixation sub-service, water purification sub-service, species conservation sub-service and leisure tourism sub-service are respectively the output value of agricultural products, water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value, species conservation value and leisure tourism value. The soil conservation value includes the value of reducing sediment deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution. The water purification value includes the value of purifying COD, the value of purifying total nitrogen and the value of purifying total phosphorus. Correspondingly, the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category is calculated based on the physical quantity, including: Based on the physical quantities mentioned above, the agricultural product output value, water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value, species conservation value and leisure and tourism value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category are calculated.

5. The urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The agricultural product output value, water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value, species conservation value and leisure tourism value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-category are calculated based on the physical quantity, including: Based on the grain output, the market value method is used to calculate the output value of agricultural products; According to the water conservation amount, the water conservation value is calculated by using the market value method; According to the soil conservation amount, the replacement cost method is used to calculate the value of reducing sediment deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution, and the soil conservation value is obtained based on the sum of the value of reducing sediment deposition and the value of reducing non-point source pollution; The market value method is used to calculate the value of carbon sequestration based on the amount of fixed carbon dioxide; According to the purified COD amount, nitrogen output and phosphorus output, the replacement cost method is used to calculate the purified COD value, total nitrogen purification value and total phosphorus purification value, and the water quality purification value is obtained based on the sum of the purified COD value, total nitrogen purification value and total phosphorus purification value; Based on habitat quality, the species conservation value is calculated using the following formula: G bio =[r m ×δ×[N i +0.1∑(E m ×N m )×N m ]×τ×θ] / P con In the formula, G bio is the species conservation value, r m is the species renewal rate, δ is the habitat quality adjustment coefficient, which is calculated based on the habitat quality by the habitat quality module of the InVEST model, and N i is the number of terrestrial vertebrate species in the study area, E m is the index of different endangered levels, N m is the number of endangered species, τ is the energy conversion rate of a single species, θ is the proportion of ecological land area in the study area, P con is the conservation regeneration rate value of a unit species; According to the cultural service suitability index value, the leisure tourism value is calculated using the following formula: Where V (Culture) For leisure tourism value, CES x is the cultural service suitability index value of grid x, CES sum The sum of the cultural service suitability index values ​​in the study area, V sum For tourism income.

6. The urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The total value of urban ecosystem services is calculated based on the value of the sub-services, including: Calculate the value of product supply services based on the output value of agricultural products; Calculate and adjust the service value based on water conservation value, soil conservation value, carbon fixation value, water purification value and species conservation value; Calculate the value of cultural services based on the value of leisure tourism; The total value of urban ecosystem services is determined based on the sum of the value of product supply services, regulatory services and cultural services.

7. An urban ecosystem service function assessment and value accounting device, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module, used to acquire geospatial data sets and electronic statistical data for a preset time period; A physical quantity calculation module, used to calculate the physical quantity corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category in the pre-constructed urban ecosystem service function evaluation and value accounting indicator system according to the geospatial data set and the electronic statistical data of the preset time period; A sub-service value calculation module, used to calculate the sub-service value corresponding to each ecosystem service sub-service category according to the physical quantity; The total value calculation module is used to calculate the total value of urban ecosystem services based on the sub-service values.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the urban ecosystem service function assessment and value accounting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 by executing the computer instructions.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the urban ecosystem service function assessment and value accounting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the urban ecosystem service function assessment and value accounting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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