A floating reflective charging cable for ships and its manufacturing method

Abstract

This application relates to the field of cable technology, specifically disclosing a surface-floating reflective charging cable for ships and its manufacturing method. By applying the base material of this application, the tensile strength of the cable outer sheath can be significantly improved, making it less prone to tensile fracture and contributing to the stable operation of shore power systems. Furthermore, the addition of fluorescent powder provides the cable with increased visibility, making it more conspicuous at night and on rainy days, helping to prevent snagging by passing ships and port machinery. Moreover, the cable outer sheath is less prone to tensile fracture when snagged by ships, further contributing to the stable operation of shore power systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cable technology, and more specifically, to a floating reflective charging cable for ships and a method for manufacturing the same. Background Technology

[0002] As countries worldwide place increasing emphasis on environmental pollution, international regulations and standards regarding exhaust pollution generated by ships while berthed in ports are becoming increasingly stringent. Against this backdrop, shore power systems, which supply power to ships via a shore-based power supply system and an onboard power receiving system, generate no exhaust pollution during berthing and effectively meet relevant regulatory requirements. The widespread adoption of this technology contributes to energy conservation, emission reduction, and the promotion of green shipping, and has become a major development trend in the shipping industry.

[0003] Currently, shore power systems employ various power connection methods, the most common being barge connections, dockside mobile connections, container connections, and shipboard connections. Regardless of the connection method used, shore power cables are ultimately required. As technology matures, the specifications and weight of shore power cables are gradually increasing, and the operating conditions they face are becoming increasingly complex.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that during the use of shore power cables, they frequently need to withstand tension from ships, drums, and winches. In special circumstances, they also need to withstand tension generated when they snag on passing ships, reefs, shells, or other seabed obstacles. The cable outer sheath is often the most direct target of this tension. However, the tensile strength of cable outer sheaths currently available on the market is limited. When ships are anchored at night, insufficient visibility can easily lead to snagging, causing cable damage or even breakage, which will affect the reliability of the shore power system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Currently available cables have limited tensile strength in their outer sheaths. When ships are moored at night, the cables are easily damaged or even broken due to snagging, which can affect the reliability of shore power systems. To address this deficiency, this application provides a floating, reflective charging cable for ships and its manufacturing method.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a floating, reflective charging cable for ships, employing the following technical solution:

[0007] A floating, reflective marine charging cable includes a core and an outer sheath. The outer sheath covers the surface of the core and is coated with an anti-fouling coating. The outer sheath comprises the following components: 1.8-2.0 wt% additives, 3.0-3.2 wt% pigments, 5-8 wt% fillers, 5-8 wt% fluorescent powder, 5-10 wt% flame retardant, 1.0-1.2 wt% dispersant, with the balance made up to 100 wt% from the base material. The base material comprises TPU, polycaprolactone, cellulose nanocrystals, and nano-aluminum hydroxide.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, this application specifies that the base material composition includes TPU, polycaprolactone, cellulose nanocrystals, and nano-aluminum hydroxide. The main chain of TPU consists of soft segments and hard segments. The hard segments mainly provide mechanical strength, while the soft segments endow TPU with a certain degree of deformability. Polycaprolactone can act as a plasticizer to improve the flexibility of TPU and is easily dispersed in TPU. Polycaprolactone dispersed in the base material can work with the soft segments in TPU to absorb and disperse the tensile stress on the outer sheath, reducing stress concentration in local areas of the outer sheath. Both cellulose nanocrystals and nano-aluminum hydroxide have a large number of hydroxyl groups on their surfaces, which can form strong hydrogen bonds with TPU through the hydroxyl groups. In addition, some hydroxyl groups can also react with the isocyanate groups in the TPU raw material, which not only promotes the tight bonding of cellulose nanocrystals and nano-aluminum hydroxide with TPU, but also plays a plasticizing role, thereby synergistically improving the flexibility of TPU with polycaprolactone. By applying the base material described in this application, the tensile strength of the cable outer sheath can be significantly improved, making it less prone to tensile fracture when snagged by ships, thus contributing to the stable operation of the shore power system. Furthermore, the addition of fluorescent powder provides the cable with increased visibility, making it more visible at night and on rainy days, helping to prevent snagging by passing ships and port machinery, and reducing the risk of tensile fracture.

[0009] Preferably, the wire core includes an inner core, a foamed insulating sleeve, and a braided layer; the inner core includes multiple conductors and multiple foam fillers; the conductors include stranded conductors and insulating sleeves, the stranded conductors are formed by stranding multiple soft copper conductors around an aramid core material, and the insulating sleeves cover the surface of the stranded conductors; the foam fillers fill the gaps between adjacent conductors; the foamed insulating sleeves cover the outside of the inner core, the braided layer covers the surface of the foamed insulating sleeves, and the outer sheath covers the surface of the braided layer.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, this application further defines the internal structure of the conductor. In the conductor of this application, since the stranded conductor uses aramid core material as the central component, the high tensile strength of the aramid core material can be fully utilized, which helps to reduce the frequency of core breakage during cable use. The design of the foam filler and foam insulation layer reduces the cable's self-weight, helping to reduce creep during water immersion.

[0011] Preferably, the cellulose nanocrystals are prepared according to the following method:

[0012] Microcrystalline cellulose and sulfuric acid solution were mixed and stirred and heated to obtain cellulose acid hydrolysate; ice water was added to the cellulose acid hydrolysate to stop the reaction, and the mixture was allowed to stand and separate into layers. After removing the supernatant, the suspension at the bottom was centrifuged and washed to obtain centrifuged liquid; the centrifuged liquid was dialyzed until the pH was neutral to obtain dialysate, which was then ultrasonically dispersed and freeze-dried to obtain cellulose nanocrystals.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, this application uses sulfuric acid to acid hydrolyze microcrystalline cellulose, thereby destroying the amorphous region of microcrystalline cellulose and obtaining cellulose nanocrystals with a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface.

[0014] Preferably, the nano-aluminum hydroxide is prepared according to the following method:

[0015] Ammonia solution was continuously added to a saturated alum solution, and the pH value was monitored. Once the pH reached neutral, the addition of ammonia was stopped, and the mixture was centrifuged. After discarding the supernatant, water was added and stirred, and the mixture was centrifuged again. After discarding the supernatant, aluminum hydroxide colloid was obtained. The aluminum hydroxide colloid was mixed with polyether and then stirred and sheared to disperse it. The mixture was then distilled and dehydrated to obtain nano-aluminum hydroxide.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, this application uses alum as the aluminum source, converts aluminum ions into aluminum hydroxide by adding ammonia, and then extracts the aluminum hydroxide through subsequent steps to obtain nano-aluminum hydroxide with a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface.

[0017] Preferably, the base material further includes lead cesium bromide, which is mixed with the polyurethane prepolymer solution in the method for preparing the base material.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, lead cesium bromide has a certain fluorescent effect. By adding lead cesium bromide to the base material, the fluorescent effect of lead cesium bromide can be used to form a synergistic effect with the phosphor, making the cable more visible at night and on rainy days. This helps to avoid the cable being snagged by passing ships and port machinery and equipment, and reduces the risk of the cable breaking under tension.

[0019] Preferably, the base material is prepared according to the following method:

[0020] A polyurethane prepolymer solution is prepared by adding cellulose nanocrystals, nano-aluminum hydroxide, and a chain extender to the polyurethane prepolymer solution in sequence. After stirring, the solution is kept warm and cured. The cured product is then melt-blended with lead bromide, cesium bromide, and polycaprolactone to obtain the base material.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, this application has optimized the preparation method of the base material. By adding cellulose nanocrystals and nano-aluminum hydroxide to the prepolymer, a strong chemical bond can be formed between TPU and the two, which helps to fully enhance the tensile strength of the outer sheath.

[0022] Preferably, the filler comprises barium sulfate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, this application preferentially uses barium sulfate as the filler component of the outer sheath. The dispersant in the outer sheath component enables the barium sulfate to be uniformly dispersed. Under external force, barium sulfate and the base material can move and deform together, thereby increasing the effective cross-sectional area for bearing external loads and helping to enhance the tensile strength of the outer sheath.

[0024] Preferably, the filler also includes glass microspheres and ceramic microspheres, wherein the average particle size of the glass microspheres and ceramic microspheres is 2-5 μm.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, this application preferably uses glass microspheres and ceramic microspheres with an average particle size of 2-5μm as fillers. Ceramic microspheres and glass microspheres have retroreflective function, which can make the incident light return in the opposite direction of the light source, providing sufficient visibility for the cable at night and helping to reduce the snagging of the cable by passing ships.

[0026] Secondly, this application provides a method for manufacturing a floating reflective marine charging cable, which adopts the following technical solution.

[0027] A method for manufacturing a floating reflective charging cable for ships includes the following steps:

[0028] (1) Assemble the wire core for later use; prepare the anti-fouling coating for later use; mix the additives, pigments, fillers, fluorescent powder, flame retardants, dispersants and base materials, and obtain the sheath material after kneading for later use;

[0029] (2) The wire core and the sheath material are co-extruded to obtain an outer sheath covering the surface of the wire core;

[0030] (3) Apply a layer of antifouling coating to the surface of the outer sheath, and let it stand to cure the antifouling coating into an antifouling coating to obtain a floating reflective marine charging cable.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, this application first prepares the wire core, anti-fouling coating and sheath material, then wraps the outer sheath made of the sheath material around the surface of the wire core, and then coats the surface of the outer sheath with an anti-fouling coating to obtain a water-floating reflective marine charging cable.

[0032] Preferably, the antifouling coating comprises modified bentonite, which is prepared according to the following method:

[0033] The spice extract was added to ethanol, and then bentonite was added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a dispersion. The dispersion was dried to obtain modified bentonite. The spice extract has the following structure: HO(CH3)2CCH2NHCOCH=CHCH2CH2CH2CH3.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, this application dissolves spice extract in ethanol and absorbs the spice extract with bentonite to obtain modified bentonite containing spice extract. This spice extract can inhibit the attachment of barnacle larvae. By using modified bentonite as a component of antifouling coating, the number of barnacles adhering to the cable surface can be reduced, which helps to maintain the cleanliness of the cable surface.

[0035] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. This application specifies that the base material comprises TPU, polycaprolactone, cellulose nanocrystals, and nano-aluminum hydroxide. By applying the base material of this application, the tensile strength of the cable outer sheath can be significantly improved, making the cable outer sheath less prone to tensile fracture when hooked by a ship, thus helping to maintain the stable operation of the shore power system.

[0037] 2. This application incorporates fluorescent powder into the outer sheath. The addition of fluorescent powder provides the cable with a certain degree of visibility, making the cable more conspicuous at night and on rainy days. This helps to prevent the cable from being snagged by passing ships and port machinery, and reduces the risk of the cable breaking under tension.

[0038] 3. This application uses bentonite as a carrier to add a spice extract to the antifouling coating on the surface of the outer sheath, which can reduce the number of barnacles adhering to the cable surface and help maintain the cleanliness of the cable surface. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a water-floating reflective marine charging cable according to an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 1. Outer sheath; 2. Braided layer; 3. Foamed insulating sleeve; 4. Foamed filler; 5. Insulating sleeve; 6. Soft copper wire; 7. Aramid core material. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, preparation examples and comparative examples. The raw materials involved in the present application can all be obtained commercially.

[0043] Example of base material preparation

[0044] The following explanation uses Preparation Example 1 as an example.

[0045] Preparation Example 1

[0046] The cellulose nanocrystals involved in this preparation example were prepared according to the following method:

[0047] 50g of microcrystalline cellulose and 750mL of 64wt% sulfuric acid solution were mixed and heated at 45℃ with stirring for 60min to obtain cellulose acid hydrolysate. The reaction was stopped by adding ten times the weight of ice water to the cellulose acid hydrolysate and allowing it to stand and separate into layers. After removing the supernatant, the suspension at the bottom was centrifuged and washed to obtain centrifuged liquid. The centrifuged liquid was dialyzed until the pH was neutral to obtain dialysate. The dialysate was ultrasonically dispersed and freeze-dried to obtain cellulose nanocrystals.

[0048] The nano-aluminum hydroxide involved in this preparation example was prepared according to the following method:

[0049] A 25 wt% ammonia solution was continuously added to a saturated alum solution, with continuous stirring and pH monitoring. Once the pH reached neutral, the addition of ammonia was stopped, followed by centrifugation. The supernatant was discarded, water was added, and the mixture was centrifuged again, discarding the supernatant to obtain aluminum hydroxide colloid. The aluminum hydroxide colloid was then reacted with polytetramethyl ether glycol (M... n =1000) were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:3, stirred and sheared to disperse, and then the mixture was distilled and dehydrated under oil bath heating at 110℃ to obtain nano aluminum hydroxide.

[0050] This preparation example provides a base material prepared according to the following method:

[0051] Polytetramethyl ether glycol and diphenylmethane diisocyanate were weighed in a 1:3 weight ratio. The polytetramethyl ether glycol was heated to 115°C and dehydrated under vacuum at 0.09 MPa for 2 hours. Then, it was cooled to 50°C, and diphenylmethane diisocyanate and a catalyst were added. The temperature was raised to 80°C and reacted in a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 hours. After vacuum degassing for 0.5 hours, DMF was added to prepare a polyurethane prepolymer solution with a solid content of 40 wt%. Cellulose nanocrystals, nano-alumina hydroxide, and chain extenders were added to the polyurethane prepolymer solution in sequence (the weights of cellulose nanocrystals, nano-alumina hydroxide, and chain extenders were equivalent to 1%, 2%, and 1% of the solid content of the polyurethane prepolymer solution, respectively). After stirring for 20 minutes, the solution was cured at 80°C for 48 hours. After standing at room temperature (20°C) for 5 days, the cured product was melt-blended with polycaprolactone in a 15:1 weight ratio to obtain the base material.

[0052] Preparation Example 2

[0053] The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 1 is that, in the method for preparing the base material, the cured product is melt-blended with polycaprolactone and lead cesium bromide to obtain the base material, and the weight of lead cesium bromide is equivalent to 2% of the solid content of the polyurethane prepolymer solution.

[0054] The preparation example of the antifouling coating is described below using preparation example 3.

[0055] Preparation Example 3

[0056] In this preparation example, the spice powder is Sichuan pepper powder with an average particle size of 4.5 μm.

[0057] This preparation example provides an antifouling coating, which is prepared according to the following method:

[0058] (1) Using tetrahydrofuran as solvent and dibutyltin lauryl ester as catalyst, triclosan and isocyanate isocyanate are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1 and reacted. After reacting at 55°C for 24 hours, the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation at 50°C to obtain vinyl-modified triclosan for later use.

[0059] (2) Mix vinyl-modified triclosan and butyl acrylate in a molar ratio of 1:5, and then add a solvent prepared by ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and xylene in a weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain a monomer dispersion with a monomer mass fraction of 25%; after heating the monomer dispersion at 80°C for 2 hours, add n-dodecyl mercaptan at a weight of 20% of the monomer weight, continue to keep the reaction at the temperature for 2 hours, then add initiator AIBN at a weight of 4% of the total monomer weight, and continue to react for 2 hours to obtain antifouling resin;

[0060] (3) Mix 30g antifouling resin, 9g rosin, 7g xylene, 7g ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, 0.3g BYK163, 0.3g BYK104S, 5g zineb, 5g diuron, 15g spice powder, 1g zinc oxide, 1g barium sulfate, 1g iron oxide, 0.5g BYK052, 0.35g BYK354, and 15g bentonite and ball mill for 48h. Then add the ball-milled product to a solvent prepared by mixing ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and xylene in a weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain an antifouling coating with a solid content of 70%.

[0061] Preparation Example 4

[0062] The difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 3 is that bentonite is replaced with modified bentonite, which is prepared according to the following method:

[0063] The spice extract, ethanol, and bentonite were weighed according to a weight ratio of 1:50:10. First, the spice extract was added to the ethanol, then the bentonite was added to the ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a dispersion. The dispersion was then dried to obtain modified bentonite for later use. In this method, the spice extract has the following structure: HO(CH3)2CCH2NHCOCH=CHCH2CH2CH2CH3.

[0064] Example

[0065] The following description uses Example 1 as an example.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] This embodiment provides a floating reflective charging cable for ships, referring to... Figure 1 The floating reflective marine charging cable includes a conductor and an outer sheath 1. The outer sheath 1 covers the surface of the conductor and is coated with an anti-fouling coating. The conductor includes an inner core, a foamed insulating sleeve 3, and a braided layer 2. The inner core includes three conductors and three foam fillers 4. The conductors include stranded conductors and an insulating sleeve 5. The stranded conductors are made of 19 soft copper conductors 6 twisted around an aramid core material 7. The aramid core material 7 is made of 7 strands of 1100 aramid fibers twisted together. The insulating sleeve 5 covers the surface of the stranded conductors. The foam fillers 4 fill the gaps between adjacent conductors. The foamed insulating sleeve 3 covers the outside of the inner core, the braided layer 2 covers the surface of the foamed insulating sleeve 3, and the outer sheath 1 covers the surface of the braided layer 2.

[0068] In this embodiment, the outer sheath comprises the following components: 1.8 wt% additives, 3.0 wt% pigments, 5 wt% fillers, 5 wt% phosphors, 5 wt% flame retardants, 1.0 wt% dispersants, with the balance made up to 100 wt% from the base material. The additives include antioxidants and light stabilizers. The antioxidants are a mixture of BASF 1010, BASF 168, Kexua 412s, Yinjing antioxidant 300#, and BASF copper stabilizer 1024 in a weight ratio of 5:3:5:3:2. The light stabilizers are a mixture of BASF light stabilizer 944 and BASF UV absorber 326 in a weight ratio of 1:1. The pigment used is carbon black powder (Cabot BP800), the filler is barium sulfate, the phosphor is green silicate phosphor (Interma G 1758), the flame retardant is Zhejiang Xusen XS-FR-8370 nitrogen-phosphorus halogen-free flame retardant, the dispersant is Shandong Siker V172 silane coupling agent, and the base material is prepared according to the method of Preparation Example 1.

[0069] This embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a floating reflective charging cable for ships, comprising the following steps:

[0070] (1) Produce and assemble the wire core for later use; prepare the antifouling coating according to the method of Preparation Example 3 for later use; mix the additives, pigments, fillers, fluorescent powder, flame retardants, dispersants and base materials, and obtain the sheath material after kneading for later use;

[0071] (2) The wire core and the sheath material are co-extruded to obtain an outer sheath covering the surface of the wire core;

[0072] (3) Apply antifouling coating to the surface of the outer sheath and allow it to cure by static curing to form an antifouling coating with a thickness of 300μm, thereby obtaining a floating reflective marine charging cable.

[0073] As shown in Table 1, the main difference between Examples 1-3 is that the raw material ratio of the outer sheath is different.

[0074] Table 1. Raw material ratio of the outer sheath

[0075]

[0076] Example 4

[0077] The difference between this embodiment and Example 3 is that the base material is prepared according to the method of Preparation Example 2.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 4 is that the filler is composed of barium sulfate, glass microspheres and ceramic microspheres in a weight ratio of 1:2:1, and the average particle size of the glass microspheres and ceramic microspheres is 5 μm.

[0080] Example 6

[0081] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that the average particle size of the glass microspheres and ceramic microspheres is 3.5 μm.

[0082] Example 7

[0083] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that the average particle size of the glass microspheres and ceramic microspheres is 2 μm.

[0084] Example 8

[0085] The difference between this embodiment and Example 7 is that the antifouling coating is prepared according to the method of Preparation Example 4.

[0086] Comparative Example

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the base material is replaced with TPU elastomer (Wanhua Chemical TPUWHT-1195).

[0089] Comparative Example 2

[0090] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the base material does not include polycaprolactone.

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the base material does not include cellulose nanocrystals.

[0093] Comparative Example 4

[0094] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the base material does not include nano-aluminum hydroxide.

[0095] Comparative Example 5

[0096] The difference between this comparative example and Comparative Example 1 is that the outer sheath surface is not coated with an anti-fouling coating.

[0097] Performance testing methods

[0098] In the following tests, except for Comparative Example 5, all sample surfaces had a 300 μm thick anti-fouling coating.

[0099] I. Tensile Strength Testing

[0100] The sheathing materials from each embodiment and comparative example were selected as the test objects. Referring to the national standard GB / T 1040.3-2006 "Determination of Tensile Properties of Plastics", five dumbbell-shaped specimens were obtained using an adhesive strength testing machine (QT-6201S) for testing. The testing speed was 50 mm / min, and the gauge length was 25 mm. Three dumbbell specimens were taken from each group of samples for testing, and the average value was taken as the experimental result. Using the tensile strength measured in Comparative Example 1 as a benchmark, the ratio between the tensile strength of each embodiment and comparative example and the tensile strength of Comparative Example 1 was calculated. This ratio was recorded as the relative tensile strength, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0101] 2. The sheath material in each embodiment and comparative example was selected as the test object. The fluorescence intensity was tested using a fluorescence spectrophotometer (LS-45 / 55, Perkin Elmer, USA). The sample size was a circular film with a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. It was fixed on the solid sample holder of the spectrometer. The excitation wavelength was set to 513 nm, and the wavelength test range was 450-650 nm.

[0102] Using the fluorescence intensity measured in Comparative Example 1 as a benchmark, the ratio between the fluorescence intensity of each embodiment and the fluorescence intensity of Comparative Example 1 was calculated, and this ratio was recorded as the relative fluorescence intensity. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0103] III. Retroreflection Coefficient

[0104] The sheath materials of Examples 5-8 were selected as the test objects, and the retroreflection coefficient was tested according to the method specified in GB / T 16311-1996. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0105] IV. Adhesion Coefficient

[0106] Cables from each embodiment and comparative example were selected as the test objects. A 6cm long cable was immersed in a container filled with artificial sterile seawater. One hundred reticulated barnacle larvae were added to the container for cultivation. After 120 hours, the number of barnacles adhering to the cable surface was counted, and the ratio of this number to the initial number of 100 was recorded as the adhesion rate of the sample. Five parallel tests were set up for each group of samples. The average adhesion rate measured in the five parallel tests was rounded off as the final result. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0107] Table 2 Detection Results

[0108] sample Relative tensile strength / % Relative fluorescence intensity / % <![CDATA[Retroreflection coefficient / (mcd / lxm 2 )]]> Adhesion rate / % Example 1 126.8 99.9 / 52 Example 2 127.4 100.4 / 53 Example 3 129.1 101.7 / 50 Example 4 132.6 116.7 / 51 Example 5 132.9 117.6 190 50 Example 6 133.6 119.9 210 52 Example 7 134.8 120.1 240 51 Example 8 134.9 120.0 240 32 Comparative Example 1 100.0 100.0 / 51 Comparative Example 2 104.4 99.8 / 52 Comparative Example 3 111.7 99.9 / 51 Comparative Example 4 109.6 99.8 / 53 Comparative Example 5 126.5 100.0 / 88

[0109] As can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4, and Table 2, the cables of Examples 1-3 exhibit higher tensile strength. This is because the polycaprolactone dispersed in the base material can work with the soft segments in the TPU to absorb and disperse the tensile stress on the outer sheath, reducing stress concentration in localized areas of the outer sheath. Simultaneously, both cellulose nanocrystals and nano-aluminum hydroxide have numerous hydroxyl groups on their surfaces, which can form strong hydrogen bonds with TPU. Furthermore, some hydroxyl groups can react with the isocyanate groups in the TPU raw material, promoting a tight bond between the cellulose nanocrystals and nano-aluminum hydroxide and TPU, while also acting as a plasticizer. This synergistic effect with polycaprolactone improves the flexibility of the TPU. However, when pure TPU is used as a substitute base material, or when any of the polycaprolactone, cellulose nanocrystals, or nano-aluminum hydroxide is lacking in the base material, the aforementioned synergistic effect is difficult to fully achieve, resulting in poorer tensile performance of the outer sheath.

[0110] As can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 5, and Table 2, the adhesion rate measured in Example 1 is significantly lower than that in Comparative Example 5, indicating that this application effectively reduces the adhesion of barnacles to the cable surface through the application of an anti-fouling coating.

[0111] Combining Examples 3 and 4 with Table 2, it can be seen that the cable of Example 4 has a higher fluorescence intensity. This is because lead cesium bromide has a certain fluorescence effect. By adding lead cesium bromide to the base material, the fluorescence effect of lead cesium bromide can be used to form a combination with the phosphor, making the cable more visible at night and on rainy days. This helps to avoid the cable being snagged by passing ships and port machinery and equipment, and reduces the risk of the cable breaking under tension.

[0112] As can be seen from Examples 4 and 5-7 and Table 2, barium sulfate, glass microspheres and ceramic microspheres can all improve the tensile strength of the outer sheath. The addition of glass microspheres and ceramic microspheres can also give the outer sheath a certain retroreflective effect. By combining with phosphor, the cable can be made more visible at night and on rainy days.

[0113] Based on Examples 7 and 8 and Table 2, it can be seen that the adhesion rate measured in Example 8 is lower than that in Example 7, indicating that the spice extract introduced with bentonite as a carrier can further reduce the adhesion of barnacles to the cable surface.

[0114] The above embodiments are merely explanations of this application and are not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments of this application without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A floating, reflective charging cable for ships, characterized in that, The device includes a wire core and an outer sheath (1). The outer sheath covers the surface of the wire core and is coated with an anti-fouling coating. The outer sheath comprises the following components: 1.8-2.0 wt% additives, 3.0-3.2 wt% pigments, 5-8 wt% fillers, 5-8 wt% fluorescent powder, 5-10 wt% flame retardant, 1.0-1.2 wt% dispersant, with the balance made up to 100 wt% from the base material. The base material comprises TPU, polycaprolactone, cellulose nanocrystals, and nano-aluminum hydroxide. The additives include antioxidants and light stabilizers. The pigments are selected from carbon black powder. The fillers include barium sulfate, glass microspheres, and ceramic microspheres. The average particle size of the glass microspheres and ceramic microspheres is 2-5 μm. The base material is prepared according to the following method: Polytetramethyl ether glycol and diphenylmethane diisocyanate were weighed in a weight ratio of 1:

3. The polytetramethyl ether glycol was heated to 115°C and dehydrated under vacuum at 0.09 MPa for 2 hours. Then, it was cooled to 50°C, and diphenylmethane diisocyanate and a catalyst were added. The temperature was raised to 80°C and reacted under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 hours. After vacuum degassing for 0.5 hours, DMF was added to prepare a polyurethane prepolymer solution with a solid content of 40 wt%. Cellulose nanocrystals, nano-aluminum hydroxide, and a chain extender were added to the polyurethane prepolymer solution. After stirring for 20 minutes, the solution was cured at 80°C for 48 hours. After standing at room temperature at 20°C for 5 days, the cured product was melt-blended with polycaprolactone in a weight ratio of 15:1 to obtain the base material.

2. The floating reflective marine charging cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core includes an inner core, a foamed insulating sleeve (3), and a braided layer (2); the inner core includes multiple conductors and multiple foam fillers (4); the conductors include stranded conductors and insulating sleeves (5), the stranded conductors are formed by multiple soft copper conductors (6) stranded around an aramid core material (7), and the insulating sleeves (5) cover the surface of the stranded conductors; the foam fillers (4) fill the gaps between two adjacent conductors; the foamed insulating sleeve (3) covers the outside of the inner core, the braided layer (2) covers the surface of the foamed insulating sleeve (3), and the outer sheath (1) covers the surface of the braided layer (2).

3. The floating reflective marine charging cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cellulose nanocrystals were prepared according to the following method: Microcrystalline cellulose and sulfuric acid solution were mixed and stirred and heated to obtain cellulose acid hydrolysate; ice water was added to the cellulose acid hydrolysate to stop the reaction, and the mixture was allowed to stand and separate into layers. After removing the supernatant, the suspension at the bottom was centrifuged and washed to obtain centrifuged liquid; the centrifuged liquid was dialyzed until the pH was neutral to obtain dialysate, which was then ultrasonically dispersed and freeze-dried to obtain cellulose nanocrystals.

4. The floating reflective marine charging cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nano-aluminum hydroxide was prepared according to the following method: Ammonia solution was continuously added to a saturated alum solution, and the pH value was monitored. Once the pH reached neutral, the addition of ammonia was stopped, and the mixture was centrifuged. After discarding the supernatant, water was added and stirred, and the mixture was centrifuged again. After discarding the supernatant, aluminum hydroxide colloid was obtained. The aluminum hydroxide colloid was mixed with polyether and then stirred and sheared to disperse it. The mixture was then distilled and dehydrated to obtain nano-aluminum hydroxide.

5. The floating reflective marine charging cable according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base material also includes lead cesium bromide, which is mixed with the polyurethane prepolymer solution in the method for preparing the base material.

6. The method for manufacturing a water-floating reflective marine charging cable according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Assemble the wire core for later use; prepare the antifouling coating for later use; mix the additives, pigments, fillers, fluorescent powder, flame retardants, dispersants and base materials, and obtain the sheath material after kneading for later use; (2) The wire core and the sheath material are co-extruded to obtain an outer sheath covering the surface of the wire core; (3) Apply a layer of antifouling coating to the surface of the outer sheath, and let it stand to cure so that the antifouling coating is cured into an antifouling coating to obtain a floating reflective marine charging cable.

7. The method for manufacturing a floating reflective marine charging cable according to claim 6, characterized in that, The antifouling coating comprises modified bentonite, which is prepared according to the following method: The spice extract was added to ethanol, and then bentonite was added to ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a dispersion. The dispersion was dried to obtain modified bentonite. The spice extract has the following structure: HO(CH3)2CCH2NHCOCH=CHCH2CH2CH2CH3.

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