Fusible link and electronic circuit

Abstract

The application provides an excitation fuse and an electronic circuit, which comprises a shell provided with a first cavity, a second cavity and at least one arc extinguishing cavity, a first conductive part arranged in the first cavity as a current input end, a second conductive part arranged in the second cavity as a current output end, a metal fuse provided with at least one fuse part, and an impact piece; two ends of the metal fuse are respectively inserted into the first cavity and the second cavity and connected with the first conductive part and the second conductive part; each arc extinguishing cavity comprises an arc extinguishing cavity and at least one exhaust slot penetrating the wall of the arc extinguishing cavity and communicating with the first cavity or the second cavity; the at least one fuse part is arranged in the at least one arc extinguishing cavity, and the two ends of the metal fuse are penetrated out of the at least one exhaust slot; the arc extinguishing cavity is filled with arc extinguishing medium wrapping the fuse part; when the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact piece is driven to impact the metal fuse by an external excitation signal, so that the fuse part of the metal fuse is broken.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of emergency protection device technology, specifically relating to an excitation fuse and electronic circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the structure of excitation fuses on the market mainly includes a gas generating device, conductive components, and various arc-extinguishing structures. When an equipment malfunction occurs, the gas generating device generates high-pressure gas to drive a piston to break the conductive components, and the arc is extinguished through the arc-extinguishing structure.

[0003] However, in the existing technology, the arc extinguishing structure is generally a closed space. The arc extinguishing filler in the arc extinguishing structure tightly wraps the molten metal. When the circuit voltage is too high, the arc extinguishing filler decomposes at high temperature, causing the arc extinguishing structure to generate high pressure. There is a risk of it bursting due to excessive pressure inside the chamber, which makes it impossible to safely cut off the circuit current. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an excitation fuse and electronic circuit to reduce the pressure inside the arc extinguishing cavity and safely switch the circuit current.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an energized fuse, comprising a housing, an impact member, a first conductive component, a second conductive component, and a molten metal element;

[0006] The housing is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, the first conductive component is disposed in the first cavity as a current input terminal; the second conductive component is disposed in the second cavity as a current output terminal.

[0007] One end of the molten metal passes through the first cavity and is connected to the first conductive component, and the other end of the molten metal passes through the second cavity and is connected to the second conductive component;

[0008] The housing is further provided with at least one arc-extinguishing cavity, each of the arc-extinguishing cavities including an arc-extinguishing chamber and at least one exhaust groove, the at least one exhaust groove penetrating the cavity wall of the arc-extinguishing cavity and communicating with the first cavity or the second cavity;

[0009] At least one melting section of the molten metal is disposed in the at least one arc-extinguishing cavity, and both ends of the molten metal protrude from the at least one venting groove; the arc-extinguishing cavity is filled with an arc-extinguishing medium, the arc-extinguishing medium envelops the melting section of the molten metal in the arc-extinguishing cavity, and each melting section is provided with at least one melting point;

[0010] When the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impactor is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the molten metal, thereby causing the molten metal to break at its melting point.

[0011] Secondly, this application provides an electronic circuit including the excitation fuse described in the first aspect.

[0012] As can be seen, in this application, a first cavity, a second cavity, and at least one arc-extinguishing cavity are first provided in the shell. Then, a first conductive component is provided in the first cavity as a current input terminal, and a second conductive component is provided in the second cavity as a current output terminal. At the same time, the two ends of the molten metal are respectively connected to the first conductive component in the first cavity and the second conductive component in the second cavity. An exhaust groove is provided in each arc-extinguishing cavity. Finally, at least one arc-extinguishing cavity is respectively wrapped around at least one molten metal fracture portion. When the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact member is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the molten metal, causing the molten metal fracture portion to break, generate an electric arc, and heat up. This causes the arc-extinguishing medium to decompose under heat, generating arc-extinguishing gas to extinguish the electric arc, thus achieving the arc-extinguishing effect. At the same time, the arc-extinguishing gas can be exhausted through the exhaust groove when blowing the arc, so that the pressure in the arc-extinguishing cavity is maintained within a preset range, reducing the risk of arc-extinguishing cavity explosion. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of excitation fuse provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mold provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of excitation fuse provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third type of excitation fuse provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth type of excitation fuse provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-extinguishing cavity provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fifth type of excitation fuse provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, systems, products, or apparatuses.

[0024] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] The following is a brief introduction to the relevant terminology used in this application.

[0026] Triggered fuses: These are a new type of fuse that uses an electrical signal to trigger an excitation device and release stored energy to quickly cut off the circuit for protection. Compared to traditional fuses, triggered fuses have advantages such as high current carrying capacity, small size, high sensitivity, low power consumption, and controllable safety. Triggered fuses are suitable for high-voltage, high-power circuits and have broad application prospects in the field of new energy vehicles.

[0027] Currently, the structure of excitation fuses on the market mainly includes a gas generating device, conductive components, and various arc-extinguishing structures. When an equipment malfunction occurs, the gas generating device generates high-pressure gas to drive a piston to break the conductive components, and the arc is extinguished through the arc-extinguishing structure.

[0028] However, in the existing technology, the arc extinguishing structure is generally a closed space. The arc extinguishing filler in the arc extinguishing structure tightly wraps the molten metal. When the circuit voltage is too high, the arc extinguishing filler decomposes at high temperature, causing the arc extinguishing structure to generate high pressure. There is a risk of it bursting due to excessive pressure inside the chamber, which makes it impossible to safely cut off the circuit current.

[0029] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an excitation fuse. This excitation fuse can be applied to overcurrent protection scenarios. It can be implemented by configuring a first cavity, a second cavity, and at least one arc-extinguishing cavity within a housing. A first conductive component is placed in the first cavity as a current input terminal, and a second conductive component is placed in the second cavity as a current output terminal. Simultaneously, both ends of a molten metal are connected to the first conductive component in the first cavity and the second conductive component in the second cavity, respectively. An exhaust groove is provided in each arc-extinguishing cavity. Finally, at least one arc-extinguishing cavity is wrapped around at least one fusible portion of the molten metal. When the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, an impactor is driven by an external excitation signal to strike the molten metal, causing the fusible portion of the molten metal to break, generating an electric arc and increasing its temperature. This causes the arc-extinguishing medium to decompose under heat, generating arc-extinguishing gas that extinguishes the arc, achieving the arc-extinguishing effect. Simultaneously, the arc-extinguishing gas can be exhausted through the exhaust groove during arc extinguishing, maintaining the pressure within the arc-extinguishing cavity within a preset range and reducing the risk of arc-extinguishing cavity explosion. This solution is applicable to various scenarios, including but not limited to the applications mentioned above.

[0030] The following is a detailed introduction to specific excitation fuses.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-7 This application provides an excitation fuse, including a housing 10, an impact member 70, a first conductive component 20, a second conductive component 40, and a molten metal 30; the housing 10 is provided with a first cavity 50-1 and a second cavity 50-2, the first conductive component 20 is disposed in the first cavity 50-1 as a current input terminal; the second conductive component 40 is disposed in the second cavity 50-2 as a current output terminal; one end of the molten metal 30 passes through the first cavity 50-1 and is connected to the first conductive component 20, and the other end of the molten metal 30 passes through the second cavity 50-2 and is connected to the second conductive component 40; the housing 10 is also provided with at least one arc-extinguishing cavity (such as...). Figure 1 The first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1, or Figure 4The arc extinguishing chamber 50-1 and the arc extinguishing chamber 50-2 are configured in the above-mentioned arc extinguishing chamber. Each arc extinguishing chamber includes an arc extinguishing cavity and at least one exhaust groove. The at least one exhaust groove penetrates the cavity wall of the arc extinguishing chamber and communicates with the first cavity 50-1 or the second cavity 50-2. At least one melting part of the molten metal 30 is disposed in the at least one arc extinguishing chamber, and both ends of the molten metal 30 protrude from the at least one exhaust groove. The arc extinguishing cavity is filled with an arc extinguishing medium, which surrounds the melting part of the molten metal 30 in the arc extinguishing chamber. At least one melting point is provided on each melting part. When the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact member 70 is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the molten metal 30, so that the melting part of the molten metal 30 breaks.

[0032] The cavity size of the first cavity 50-1 is adapted to the first conductive component 20, and the cavity size of the second cavity 50-2 is adapted to the second conductive component 40. When the first conductive component 20 and the second conductive component 40 are disposed in the first cavity 50-1 and the second cavity 50-2, a portion of the conductors of the first conductive component 20 and the second conductive component 40 can be exposed outside the first cavity 50-1 and the second cavity 50-2 for connection to an external circuit or power supply.

[0033] In addition, both the first cavity 50-1 and the second cavity 50-2 can be connected to the arc extinguishing cavity, so that the two ends of the molten metal 30 can be connected in series between the first conductive component 20 and the second conductive component 40, thereby enabling the external current to form a conductive loop with the external circuit or power supply through the excitation fuse product.

[0034] In practice, the arc-extinguishing chamber is filled with an arc-extinguishing medium, and an exhaust groove is provided on the chamber wall. The arc-extinguishing medium is made of at least one of the following gas-generating materials: polyamide resin, poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide), and melamine. The arc-extinguishing chamber is connected to either the first chamber 50-1 or the second chamber 50-2 via the exhaust groove. The molten metal 30 enters the first chamber 50-1 or the second chamber 50-2 from the exhaust groove and connects to either the first conductive component 20 or the second conductive component 40. When the current increases, the temperature of the melting point of the molten metal 30 rises. When the temperature reaches the melting point, the arc-extinguishing medium around the melting point decomposes and vaporizes to generate arc-extinguishing gas, which extinguishes the arc generated by the melting point. After the arc-extinguishing gas blows away the arc, it can be discharged from the arc-extinguishing chamber through the exhaust groove, reducing the internal pressure of the arc-extinguishing chamber and lowering the probability of explosion.

[0035] The filling of the arc-extinguishing medium is as follows Figure 2As shown, firstly, quartz sand and other arc-extinguishing materials are mixed with silicone resin powder and a binder to form granules. These granules are then filled into a first mold 64 and a second mold 65, which are of the same shape and size as the half-piece arc-extinguishing cavity. After high-temperature curing, a pre-formed arc-extinguishing medium block is obtained. Two identical pre-formed arc-extinguishing medium blocks are placed into half-piece arc-extinguishing cavities of the same size. The two half-piece arc-extinguishing cavities are then placed on both sides of the fusion section 311 in the first melt, second melt, or third melt. The corresponding fusion sections 311 are clamped together and tightened with bolts to obtain a complete arc-extinguishing cavity structure filled with arc-extinguishing medium.

[0036] In one possible embodiment, each portion of the molten metal 30 in the arc-extinguishing chamber is provided with at least one melting point; that is, one melting point or multiple melting points can be provided in the arc-extinguishing chamber. Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, only one arc-extinguishing chamber and only one predicted melting point are provided on the molten metal 30, allowing for more precise control of the melting location. Ideally, the molten metal 30 melts only at this melting point. Alternatively, multiple melting points can be provided in one arc-extinguishing chamber, which is beneficial for improving the melting speed of the molten metal 30.

[0037] In one possible embodiment, the housing 10 further includes a movable groove in which the impact member 70 is disposed; when the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact member 70 is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the molten metal 30 along the movable groove, so as to break the molten metal 30.

[0038] In its implementation, the excitation fuse includes a gas generator. When the current in the circuit is too high, the gas generator receives an excitation signal and then generates an impact force to drive the impactor 70 to strike the molten metal 30 along the movable groove. This impact force applies to the molten metal 30, and because the fuse is at a high temperature, it is more easily broken by the impact force. Ultimately, the molten metal 30 breaks off at the fuse location. The additional impact force allows the fuse to break faster, improving the breaking capacity.

[0039] In one possible embodiment, the excitation fuse further includes a third cavity 80, the arc-extinguishing cavity being disposed in the third cavity 80, the molten metal 30 comprising a first molten metal 31, a third molten metal 33 and a second molten metal 32 connected in sequence, and at least one arc-extinguishing cavity being distributed on the first molten metal 31, the second molten metal 32 and the third molten metal 33.

[0040] In its specific implementation, the excitation fuse is provided with a third cavity 80. The molten metal 30 passes through the first cavity 50-1, the arc-extinguishing cavity, the third cavity 80, and the second cavity 50-2, respectively. That is, the third cavity 80 is connected to the arc-extinguishing cavity and / or the second cavity 50-2. When only one arc-extinguishing cavity is provided, the third cavity 80 is connected to both the arc-extinguishing cavity and the second cavity 50-2. When multiple arc-extinguishing cavities are provided, the third cavity 80 is connected to each of the multiple arc-extinguishing cavities. This allows the arc-extinguishing cavity to exhaust gas into the third cavity 80 through the exhaust groove, thereby reducing the pressure within the arc-extinguishing cavity. The internal space of the third cavity 80 is significantly larger than that of the first cavity 50-1, the second cavity 50-2, and the arc-extinguishing cavity.

[0041] The third melt 33 in the molten metal 30 is disposed in the third cavity 80. The third melt 33 is disposed at the connection between the third cavity 80 and the movable groove, so that the impact member 70 can accurately impact the third melt 33 along the movable groove. Since the third cavity 80 has a movable space, the impact member 70 has enough stroke to apply impact force to the third melt 33, and finally impact the third melt 33 to the opposite side of the connection in the third cavity 80, so as to ensure that the melt section of the molten metal 30 is broken.

[0042] In one possible embodiment, as shown in the figure, the molten metal 30 is bent into an open rectangle with only three rectangular sides, namely the first molten metal 31, the second molten metal 32, and the third molten metal 33. Furthermore, the third molten metal 33 can also be arc-shaped, thus making the overall molten metal 30 U-shaped. The third molten metal 33 can also be provided with grooves adapted to the impact shape, so that when the impactor 70 impacts the third molten metal 33, the impact force is not dispersed through the grooves, improving the impact effect.

[0043] In one possible embodiment, an exhaust port may also be provided in the third cavity 80 so that the gas discharged from the arc extinguishing cavity can be discharged from the excitation fuse to reduce the pressure in the third cavity 80.

[0044] In one possible embodiment, when there is at least one arc-extinguishing cavity, it can be disposed on any one of the first melt 31, the second melt 32, and the third melt 33. For example... Figure 1As shown, taking the arc-extinguishing cavity disposed on the first molten body 31 as an example, assuming that at least one venting groove includes a first venting groove 61-1 and a second venting groove 62-1, the first molten body 31 passes through the first venting groove 61-1, leaving the molten part of the first molten body 31 in the arc-extinguishing cavity, and then passes out through the second venting groove 62-1 and enters the first cavity 50-1 to connect with the first conductive component 20. Since the second molten body 32 and the first molten body 31 are symmetrical, the arc-extinguishing cavity is disposed on the second molten body 32 in a similar manner to that disposed on the first molten body 31, and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, when the arc-extinguishing cavity is mounted on the third melt 33, the first end of the third melt 33 is connected to the first melt 31; the second end of the third melt 33 enters from the first vent groove, exits from the second vent groove, and blocks the connection between the third cavity 80 and the movable groove, finally connecting to the second melt 32. The outer side of the cavity wall where the second vent groove of the arc-extinguishing cavity is located is in close contact with the outer side of the cavity wall of the movable groove.

[0046] The location of the arc-extinguishing chambers will be explained below using two arc-extinguishing chambers as an example.

[0047] In one possible embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, at least one arc-extinguishing cavity includes a first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1 and a second arc-extinguishing cavity 60-2. A first fusible part is provided on the first molten body 31, and a second fusible part is provided on the second molten body 32. The first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1 is disposed on the first molten body 31 and surrounds the first fusible part. The second cavity 60-2 is disposed on the second molten body 32 and surrounds the second fusible part. One end of the molten metal 30 passes through the venting groove of the first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1 in sequence and enters the first cavity 60-1 to connect with the first conductive component 20. The other end of the molten metal 30 passes through the venting groove of the second arc-extinguishing cavity 60-2 in sequence and enters the second cavity 60-2 to connect with the second conductive component 40.

[0048] In specific implementation, when two arc-extinguishing cavities are provided (i.e., the first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1 and the second arc-extinguishing cavity 60-2), the first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1 includes at least one exhaust groove (e.g., Figure 4 The second arc-extinguishing chamber includes at least one exhaust groove (such as the first exhaust groove 61-1 and the second exhaust groove 62-1). Figure 4 (Two exhaust slots, the third exhaust slot 61-2 and the fourth exhaust slot 62-2).

[0049] The first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1 and the second arc-extinguishing cavity 60-2 are respectively disposed on the symmetrical first melt 31 and the second melt 32 (the specific arrangement has been described above and will not be repeated here). The two ends of the third melt 33 are connected to the first melt 31 and the second melt 32 respectively, and the third melt 33 blocks the communication port between the third cavity 80 and the movable groove, so that the impact member 70 can directly impact the third melt 33 along the movable groove. The third cavity 80 is connected to the exhaust grooves of the first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1 and the second arc-extinguishing cavity 60-2 respectively. The first melt 31 is provided with a first melting part, and the second melt 32 is provided with a second melting part. At this time, the first melting part is wrapped in the first arc-extinguishing medium 63-1 of the first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1, and the second melting part is wrapped in the second arc-extinguishing medium 63-2 of the second arc-extinguishing cavity 60-2. When the current exceeds the preset value, at least one of the first and second fuses is melted. The high temperature vaporizes the arc-extinguishing medium in the corresponding arc-extinguishing chamber, generating arc-extinguishing gas to extinguish the arc generated by the fuse. Furthermore, the arc-extinguishing gas is reflected by the guide groove in the exhaust groove, generating return gas to enhance the airflow and improve the arc-blowing ability, so as to quickly blow away the electrons and ions in the arc column and improve the segmentation speed.

[0050] Furthermore, since the first melt 31 and the second melt 32 are symmetrical to each other, and both the first melt 31 and the second melt 32 are perpendicular to the third melt 33, when the impactor 70 impacts the third melt 33, there will be no other obstruction, and the first and second melt sections can be directly broken by the third melt 33, thereby increasing the breaking speed. When the impactor impacts the third melt 33, the first and second melt sections will break simultaneously or with a slight delay, and move downwards along with the impactor 70 into the third cavity 80.

[0051] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the provision of two arc-extinguishing cavities can improve the melting effect of the molten metal 30, enable rapid response to large currents, and improve the breaking capacity of the excitation fuse.

[0052] It is understandable that there can be at least one arc-extinguishing cavity, but there can also be three, four or more, which is not limited here.

[0053] In one possible embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The exhaust groove includes a guide groove and an exhaust hole. The guide groove includes a ramp. The first ramp and the second ramp are respectively connected to the first hole wall and the second hole wall of the exhaust hole. The first exhaust hole is connected to the first cavity 50-1.

[0054] The following example illustrates the concept of an arc-extinguishing chamber comprising two exhaust channels.

[0055] In a specific implementation, taking the first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1 as an example, the first arc-extinguishing cavity 60-1 includes a first exhaust groove 61-1 and a second exhaust groove 62-1. The first exhaust groove 61-1 includes a first guide groove 611 and a first exhaust hole 612. The second exhaust groove 62-1 includes a second guide groove 621 and a second exhaust hole 622. The first guide groove 611 includes a first ramp 613, and the second guide groove 621 includes a second ramp 623.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first ramp 613 and the second ramp 623 are conical, forming two funnel shapes with the first vent hole 612 and the second vent hole 622, respectively. When the arc-extinguishing medium vaporizes at high temperature to generate arc-extinguishing gas, the conical part of the first ramp 613 and the second ramp 623 is used to guide the arc-extinguishing gas to the first vent hole 612 and the second vent hole 622, so that it can be vented through the first vent hole 612 and the second vent hole 622 to reduce the pressure in the arc-extinguishing cavity. In addition, when the arc-extinguishing gas is guided to the first vent hole 612 and the second vent hole 622 by the first ramp 613 of the first guide groove 611 and the second ramp 623 of the second guide groove 621, the exhaust volume of the first vent hole 612 and the second vent hole 622 is less than the gas production volume of the arc-extinguishing medium. Therefore, the first ramp 613 and the second ramp 623 will also rebound some of the arc-extinguishing gas and blow it back to the melting part, strengthening the backflow and enhancing the arc-extinguishing effect. It is understandable that the structure of the second arc-extinguishing cavity is the same as that of the first arc-extinguishing cavity, and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, when the fuse breaks, the arc-extinguishing medium around the fuse begins to decompose and generate a first airflow. This first airflow first blows the arc and flows towards the exhaust groove. When it collides with the first or second slope of the exhaust groove, it generates a first return gas. This first return gas flows to the fuse to blow the arc a second time, thereby enhancing the arc blowing effect and improving the breaking capacity.

[0058] It is understandable that one or more exhaust channels can be set in the arc extinguishing chamber. The more exhaust channels there are, the better the exhaust pressure reduction effect will be, but it will affect the overall structural strength of the arc extinguishing chamber. Therefore, the number of exhaust channels needs to be controlled according to the actual situation.

[0059] In one possible embodiment, please continue reading Figure 5 The at least one exhaust groove includes a first exhaust groove and a second exhaust groove; the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are respectively disposed on the cavity wall of the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 in a first direction and a second direction, the first direction being the opposite direction of the second direction.

[0060] In a specific implementation, when two venting channels are provided, the first venting channel and the second venting channel can be respectively located on the cavity walls in the first and second directions. Since the first and second directions are opposite directions, the first and second venting channels are also two venting channels in opposite positions. In this case, the molten metal 30 can pass through the first venting channel, through the internal cavity of the arc-extinguishing cavity, and then through the second venting channel to enter the first cavity 50-1 or the second cavity 50-2 and connect with the first conductive component 20 or the second conductive component 40.

[0061] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the two exhaust channels allow for exhaust from two directions, which enhances the pressure reduction efficiency and also enhances the effect of backflow arc extinguishing.

[0062] In one possible embodiment, the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove can be arranged on the same axial plane.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, taking two exhaust channels as an example, the two exhaust channels are respectively set on two opposite cavity walls of the arc-extinguishing chamber. In this case, if the two exhaust channels with opposite directions are set on the same cross section, the purpose of enhancing exhaust and arc extinguishing effects can also be achieved. However, if the two exhaust channels with opposite directions are set on the same cross section, it will cause the rebounding arc-extinguishing gas to collide, resulting in mutual cancellation of wind force, making it difficult for electrons and ions in the arc column to leave the arc range, thus reducing the arc extinguishing effect.

[0064] Therefore, in one possible embodiment, the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are located on two different axial planes. In this embodiment, the two exhaust grooves in opposite directions can be staggered, that is, set in different axial sections, so that the arc-extinguishing gases on both sides cannot be offset, thereby enhancing the backflow effect, accelerating the efficiency of blowing away electrons and ions in the arc column, and improving the arc-extinguishing effect.

[0065] In a better example, please refer to [the following text is missing]. Figure 7 The molten metal 30 is designed with a U-shaped bending structure. Its horizontal part bends along the bottom end face of the arc-extinguishing cavity. The first molten metal is always kept in the middle position of the vent hole. Therefore, when the molten metal 30 is subjected to impact force and needs to be broken, the first molten metal needs to bend towards the inner wall of the vent hole before being pulled tight and broken at the fuse section. Thus, it has a certain buffering effect on the impact force, which affects the sensitivity of the excitation fuse product to break.

[0066] Therefore, improvements have been made in this embodiment. The two exhaust grooves in the arc-extinguishing cavity are not placed in the exact center of their respective cavity walls. Taking the first exhaust groove 61-1 and the second exhaust groove 62-1 as examples, the first exhaust groove is located on the left side of the cavity wall, and the second exhaust groove is located on the right side of the cavity wall. After the molten metal 30 is welded to the inner end of the first conductive component 20, it bends downward and fits tightly against the left side wall of the first exhaust hole until the end of the first exhaust hole. Then it bends and extends to the right side wall of the second exhaust hole, and finally extends along the right side wall of the second exhaust hole to one side of the third molten metal and connects with the third molten metal. Thus, when the impact device is activated, the impact force will act directly on the breaking point through the fixed point, thereby improving the sensitivity of the excitation fuse breaking.

[0067] It is understandable that the arc extinguishing chamber may have more than one exhaust groove on each side, but may have two, three or more, and there is no limit to the number.

[0068] In one possible embodiment, the at least one exhaust groove includes a first exhaust groove and a second exhaust groove; the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are respectively disposed on the cavity wall in a third direction and a fourth direction of the arc extinguishing cavity, and the angle between the third direction and the fourth direction is 90 degrees.

[0069] In a specific implementation, taking the first arc-extinguishing chamber 60-1 with two exhaust channels as an example, the two exhaust channels are respectively located on two mutually perpendicular chamber walls of the first arc-extinguishing chamber 60-1. This arrangement allows the first return gas on the first exhaust channel and the second return gas on the second exhaust channel to merge and be blown in a third direction during arc-extinguishing gas recirculation. This third direction is the direction of the resultant force of the first and second return gases. This ensures blowing in a specific direction, improving the arc-extinguishing effect and thus enhancing the breaking capacity.

[0070] In one possible embodiment, two exhaust grooves can be formed on two adjacent cavity walls of the arc extinguishing cavity, and are preferably located on the cavity wall corresponding to the melting part of the molten metal 30, i.e., the third direction points to the melting part, thereby greatly improving the arc extinguishing effect.

[0071] Specifically, we can first determine a third direction, which can point to the fuse section. Then, by calculating and reverse-engineering the directions of the first and second return gases, we can finally determine the positions of the first and second exhaust channels based on their directions. In this way, we can accurately determine the positions of the first and second exhaust channels.

[0072] In one possible embodiment, the opening of at least one exhaust groove occupies less than or equal to 50% of the total area of ​​the arc-extinguishing cavity surface area.

[0073] In practice, while adding venting grooves significantly improves the arc-extinguishing performance of the arc-extinguishing chamber, it reduces the structural strength of the chamber itself. In other words, more venting grooves mean more holes need to be drilled in the arc-extinguishing chamber, further reducing its structural strength and making it more prone to breakage and damage. It may break as the gas pressure inside the chamber increases, or it may shatter due to the explosive pressure generated at the moment the molten metal breaks. Therefore, more venting grooves are not necessarily better. The total area of ​​the venting grooves on the insulator surface should be controlled to less than 50% of the surface area of ​​the arc-extinguishing chamber without venting grooves. This satisfies the arc-extinguishing requirements while maintaining a certain level of explosion-proof capability for the arc-extinguishing chamber.

[0074] This application also provides an electronic circuit, including the excitation fuse described in the embodiments of this application.

[0075] In practice, the excitation fuse is connected in series in the electronic circuit as an emergency protection device. It can be connected in series between the power supply and the power consumption circuit, or it can be set between the back-end circuit and the front-end circuit that needs protection. When the current in the circuit is too large, the metal molten element in the excitation fuse is melted. At the same time, the impact component is controlled by the excitation signal to impact the metal molten element, which accelerates the breaking of the metal molten element.

[0076] In one possible embodiment, please refer to Figure 8 The electronic circuit 100 includes a power supply 110, an excitation fuse 120, at least one electrical appliance 130, and a controller 140. The excitation fuse 120 is connected to the power supply 110 and the at least one electrical appliance 130 via a power bus. The controller 140 is connected to the power supply 110, the excitation fuse 120, and the electrical appliance 130. The controller 140 is used to output a first control signal to the excitation fuse 120 according to a control strategy, and to send a second control signal to the excitation fuse 120 when a forced reset operation of the excitation fuse 120 is required.

[0077] The controller can be a controller in an in-vehicle terminal or a controller in other devices, used to process some signals in the electronic circuit, for example, to detect the power bus current and generate a corresponding control signal to excite the fuse 120.

[0078] In specific implementation, the controller's control strategy can be the corresponding instruction generated by the user operating the vehicle terminal, or it can be the instruction generated by the electronic circuit 100 itself (such as the corresponding instruction generated by detecting the power supply status, appliance status, and other operating conditions). That is, when the current in the electronic circuit 100 is greater than the preset value, a control signal is sent to the impulse element of the excitation fuse to cut off all or part of the current in the electronic circuit 100.

[0079] In addition, electronic circuit 100 can also be the charging circuit in a charging pile, or in other application scenarios that require high current, and is not limited to a single application.

[0080] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of variations or substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and alterations can be made, including combinations of the different functions and implementation steps described above, as well as software and hardware implementation methods, all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An excitation fuse, characterized in that, Includes a housing, an impact component, a first conductive component, a second conductive component, and molten metal; The housing is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, the first conductive component is disposed in the first cavity as a current input terminal; the second conductive component is disposed in the second cavity as a current output terminal. One end of the molten metal passes through the first cavity and is connected to the first conductive component, and the other end of the molten metal passes through the second cavity and is connected to the second conductive component; The housing is further provided with at least one arc-extinguishing cavity, each of the arc-extinguishing cavities including an arc-extinguishing chamber and at least one exhaust groove, the at least one exhaust groove penetrating the cavity wall of the arc-extinguishing cavity and communicating with the first cavity or the second cavity; At least one melting section of the molten metal is disposed in at least one arc-extinguishing cavity, and both ends of the molten metal extend out from at least one venting groove; the arc-extinguishing cavity is filled with an arc-extinguishing medium, which surrounds the melting section of the molten metal in the arc-extinguishing cavity, and each melting section is provided with at least one melting point; the arc-extinguishing medium is made of at least one of polyamide resin and melamine gas-generating material; when the current increases, the temperature of the melting section of the molten metal rises, and when the temperature reaches the melting temperature, the arc-extinguishing medium around the melting section decomposes and vaporizes to generate arc-extinguishing gas, which extinguishes the arc generated by the melting of the melting section; When the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impactor is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the molten metal, so that the molten metal fractures. The excitation fuse further includes a third cavity, the arc-extinguishing cavity is disposed in the third cavity, the molten metal includes a first molten metal, a third molten metal and a second molten metal connected in sequence, and the arc-extinguishing cavity is disposed on the third molten metal; the housing further includes a movable groove, the impact member is disposed in the movable groove, and the third molten metal is disposed at the communication port between the third cavity and the movable groove; The exhaust channel includes a guide channel and an exhaust hole. The guide channel includes a ramp that connects to the wall of the exhaust hole. The exhaust hole communicates with the third cavity. The ramp is conical and forms a funnel shape with the exhaust hole; The ramp is a cone-shaped part of a funnel used to guide the arc-extinguishing gas to the exhaust port, and then exhaust it into the third cavity through the exhaust port; the ramp is used to bounce some of the arc-extinguishing gas back towards the fuse part.

2. The excitation fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one exhaust groove includes a first exhaust groove and a second exhaust groove; the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are respectively disposed on the cavity wall of the arc extinguishing cavity in a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction is the opposite direction of the second direction.

3. The excitation fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are located on two different axial planes.

4. The excitation fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are on the same axial plane.

5. The excitation fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one exhaust groove includes a first exhaust groove and a second exhaust groove; the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are respectively disposed on the cavity wall of the arc extinguishing cavity in a third direction and a fourth direction, and the angle between the third direction and the fourth direction is 90 degrees.

6. The excitation fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impactor is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the molten metal along the movable groove, so as to break the melt section of the molten metal.

7. The excitation fuse according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The at least one arc-extinguishing cavity includes a first arc-extinguishing cavity and a second arc-extinguishing cavity, wherein a first melting part is provided on the first melt and a second melting part is provided on the second melt; The first arc-extinguishing cavity is disposed on the first molten material and encloses the first fusible portion; the second cavity is disposed on the second molten material and encloses the second fusible portion. One end of the molten metal passes through the exhaust groove of the first arc-extinguishing cavity in sequence and enters the first cavity to connect with the first conductive component; the other end of the molten metal passes through the exhaust groove of the second arc-extinguishing cavity in sequence and enters the second cavity to connect with the second conductive component.

8. An electronic circuit, characterized in that, Including the excitation fuse as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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