Electrical energy store for motor vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, and motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical energy store (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising a storage cell (2) which is designed to store electrical energy and which is arranged in a store housing (3) having a floor (5) which has an upper floor element (7) and a lower floor element (8), the bottom elements (7, 8) which are designed separately from one another can be detached from one another without damage at least with respect to the bottom elements (7, 8).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle, in particular for an automobile, according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle, in particular an automobile, having such an electrical energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] WO 2021 / 105328 A1 discloses a battery housing for an electrically driven motor vehicle, which is mounted in the vehicle's floor area. The battery housing comprises a frame surrounding at least one battery module and a floor connected to the frame. The floor is equipped with a crash protection device and is constructed as a sandwich structure comprising a lower metal plate, an upper metal plate spaced apart from the lower metal plate, and a structural metal plate located between and connected to the lower and upper metal plates. Furthermore, DE 102016213 832 B4 discloses a lower shell for a battery housing. Furthermore, DE 102016 115611 B3 also discloses a battery holder. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an electrical energy storage device and a motor vehicle having such an electrical energy storage device, which allows particularly advantageous servicing of the electrical energy storage device.

[0004] According to the invention, this object is achieved by an electrical energy store having the features of claim 1 and by a motor vehicle having the features of claim 10. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention relates to an electrical energy storage device (also referred to simply as an energy storage device or storage device) for a motor vehicle, which can preferably be configured as an automobile, in particular a sedan. This means that the motor vehicle (also referred to simply as a vehicle) in its fully manufactured state comprises an electrical energy storage device in which electrical energy can be or has been stored, in particular electrochemically, in or with the aid of the electrical energy storage device. In particular, the motor vehicle in its fully manufactured state comprises at least one electric motor, by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven, in particular purely electrically. Therefore, the motor vehicle is preferably configured as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, in particular a battery electric vehicle (BEV). The electric motor can be supplied with the electrical energy stored in the electrical energy storage device, thereby allowing the electric motor to operate in engine mode and thus as an electric motor. The motor vehicle can be driven, in particular purely electrically, by means of the electric motor. The electrical energy storage device and / or the electric motor are preferably configured as high-voltage components, whose voltage (in particular, the electrical operating voltage or rated voltage) is preferably greater than 50 volts, in particular greater than 60 volts, and particularly preferably several hundred volts. Therefore, the electrical energy storage device is preferably configured as a so-called high-voltage storage device, in particular a so-called high-voltage battery (HV battery).

[0006] An electrical energy storage device comprises storage cells, also referred to simply as cells. The electrical energy can be stored electrochemically using the storage cells. In particular, the storage cells are electrically connected to one another, for example. Furthermore, the electrical energy storage device comprises a storage housing (also referred to simply as a housing) in which the storage cells are arranged. For this purpose, the storage housing directly delimits a receiving area, for example. Each storage cell is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly, and thus at least more than half or completely, arranged in the receiving area. The receiving area is a receiving space or also referred to as a receiving space.

[0007] The storage housing has a bottom portion that, for example, delimits a receiving area at least largely, and thus at least over half, and in particular completely, downwardly in the vertical direction of the motor vehicle when the energy storage device is in its installed position. In other words, the receiving area overlaps at least largely, and thus at least over half, or completely, downwardly in the vertical direction of the motor vehicle when the energy storage device is in its installed position. In particular, it is conceivable that the storage cells each overlap at least largely, and thus at least over half, or completely, downwardly in the vertical direction of the motor vehicle when the energy storage device is in its installed position, thereby covering the bottom portion. The energy storage device assumes its installed position in the fully manufactured state of the motor vehicle equipped with it. The bottom portion is also referred to as the housing bottom. The bottom portion comprises an upper bottom element and a lower bottom element. This should be understood to mean, in particular, that in the installed position of the energy storage device, the upper bottom element is disposed above the lower bottom element in the vertical direction of the vehicle, i.e., disposed higher than the lower bottom element in the vertical direction of the vehicle, and in particular, that the upper bottom element overlaps at least largely, and thus at least over half, or completely, downwardly in the vertical direction of the vehicle when the energy storage device is in its installed position. Thus, in the installed position of the electrical energy store, the lower floor element is arranged below the upper floor element or lower than the upper floor element, as viewed in the vertical direction of the vehicle, in particular such that, in the installed position of the electrical energy store, the lower floor element is at least largely, and thus at least more than half, or completely, covered by the upper floor element and thus overlaps with it, as viewed upward in the vertical direction of the vehicle. Thus, in particular, in the installed position of the electrical energy store, the upper floor element is arranged between the storage cells and the lower floor element, as viewed in the vertical direction of the vehicle.

[0008] In order to enable particularly advantageous, in particular particularly time-saving and economical repair of the electrical energy storage device and thus of the entire motor vehicle, the invention now provides that the separately constructed floor elements can be disassembled without damage, at least with respect to the floor elements themselves, and in this case, for example, at least indirectly, in particular directly, connected to one another. This means that the floor elements can be disassembled from one another and then at least indirectly connected to one another again, and in particular can then be disassembled from one another again, without causing damage or destruction of the floor elements.

[0009] In the fully manufactured state of a motor vehicle, for example, a floor, in particular a storage housing, and in particular an electrical energy storage device, is held on a vehicle body, for example, which is designed as a self-supporting vehicle body, and the interior space (also referred to as a passenger compartment or passenger cabin) of the motor vehicle is formed or bounded by the vehicle body. Here, for example, the floor is arranged in the underbody region of the motor vehicle, in particular the vehicle body, in particular such that a vehicle floor, or also referred to as a main floor, of the vehicle body is arranged between the floor and the interior space in the vertical direction of the vehicle, wherein, for example, the main floor, viewed downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle, at least partially, in particular at least largely, and thus at least more than half or completely, overlaps the floor of the electrical energy storage device. Unless otherwise specified, reference to the floor hereinafter is to be understood as referring to the floor of the electrical energy storage device.

[0010] Since the floor elements are connected to one another in a non-destructive manner, the lower floor element can be detached from the upper floor element and removed without damaging or destroying the floor elements, and in particular, the upper floor element and, for example, the storage cells remain, and thus remain, on the body of the motor vehicle. Thus, for example, if the lower floor element is damaged or destroyed, in particular due to an accident, it is not necessary to detach the storage cells and the entire floor from the body and replace them. Instead, for example, it is sufficient to detach the lower floor element from the upper floor element and the body and replace it with a new, undamaged floor element, while the upper floor element and the storage cells remain on the body and can continue to be used.

[0011] The present invention is based, in particular, on the recognition that, with conventional solutions, if the lower floor, for example, formed by the lower floor element, is damaged, particularly at the lifting limit, the entire electrical energy storage device must be replaced. This is particularly costly when the storage cells are bonded and / or foamed to the storage housing, and the storage housing cannot be replaced separately. It is also conceivable that the electrical energy storage device or the storage housing is directly bonded to the vehicle body, which makes replacement impossible or even more expensive. Overall, this results in very high costs when the lower floor element is damaged. The present invention now avoids these problems and disadvantages.

[0012] In order to achieve particularly favorable accident characteristics and a particularly high rigidity of the electrical energy storage device, even when the base element is connected so that it can be detached without damage, one embodiment of the present invention provides that the storage cells are supported on the upper base element by means of a support structure disposed between the upper base element and the storage cells, and preferably constructed separately from the storage cells and the upper base element. The support structure is preferably also constructed separately from the lower base element. For example, the support structure can be made of plastic, so that the support structure can be constructed as a plastic structure, for example. Alternatively, the support structure can be made of a metallic material, so that the support structure can be constructed as a metallic structure, for example. The metallic material can be, for example, a metal foam or a metal mesh, in particular a metal fabric. Furthermore, the support structure can, for example, comprise a honeycomb structure and thus be constructed as a honeycomb structure. For example, the support structure has a central region, which is disposed between the storage cells and the upper base element, in the vertical direction of the vehicle, in particular when the electrical energy storage device is installed. The support structure, in particular the central region, can be, for example, a particularly compact support, in particular a metal or plastic support. The support is also referred to as a structural support. It is conceivable that the storage cells are bonded to the upper base element via the support. For this purpose, it is conceivable that the storage unit is especially directly bonded and / or foamed with the support, and / or the support is especially directly bonded and / or foamed with the upper bottom element. Therefore, the support is made of the plastic or of the metal material.

[0013] Preferably the support structure is constructed in one piece, thus being formed from a single piece. In other words again, it is preferably provided that the support structure is constructed as a single piece or is formed from a single piece, so that the support structure is manufactured integrally, ie, is manufactured integrally and is therefore a one-piece body.

[0014] To facilitate particularly effective repair of the electrical energy storage device, in particular in the event of damage to the lower base element, another embodiment of the present invention provides that the corresponding side walls of the storage housing adjoin the storage cells on both sides in a first direction, which extends parallel to the plane of the upper base element, in particular the surface of the upper base element facing the storage cells. For example, in the installed position of the electrical energy storage device, the first direction coincides with the transverse vehicle direction of the motor vehicle. In particular, in the installed position of the electrical energy storage device, the surface of the upper base element faces upwards towards the storage cells in the vertical direction of the vehicle.

[0015] The respective side walls extend away from the upper floor element in a second direction that extends obliquely or perpendicularly to the plane and points away from the lower floor element and the upper floor element. Thus, when the electrical energy storage device is in its installed position, the respective side walls extend upwardly away from the upper floor element in the vertical direction of the vehicle. As a result, the storage cells at least partially, and in particular, at least largely or completely, overlap the respective side walls on both sides, as viewed in a first direction. Thus, for example, the side walls and the upper floor element form a tray (also called a housing tray, a receiving tray, or a battery tray), in which each storage cell is at least partially, and in particular, at least largely or completely, accommodated. In particular, it is conceivable that the aforementioned receiving area is delimited on both sides, in particular directly by the side walls, as viewed in the first direction. In particular, the tray allows the lower floor element to be detached and removed from the upper floor element, in particular the tray, without damaging or destroying the lower floor element or the tray, and in particular, during this process, the tray and the storage cells (in particular, via the tray) are retained on the body of the motor vehicle.

[0016] Another embodiment is characterized in that the respective partial regions of the support structure, viewed in the first direction, are arranged between the respective side walls and the storage cells, whereby the storage cells are supported or can be supported on both sides of the side walls in the first direction by the partial regions of the support structure. In particular, it is conceivable that the partial regions of the support structure are integrally formed with the aforementioned central region of the support structure, so that the partial regions of the support structure and the central region of the support structure are preferably formed from a single, single part, thus being formed or constructed as a single piece. This allows for particularly advantageous support and, in particular, retention of the support structure, thereby achieving particularly advantageous crash behavior and particularly high rigidity of the energy storage device. Furthermore, this allows for particularly advantageous servicing of the energy storage device.

[0017] In particular, it is conceivable that the storage cell is foamed via the support structure as a monolithic design or in a support structure as a monolithic design, i.e. via local areas and intermediate areas with the storage housing, in particular with the side walls and upper bottom elements (also called crossbeams or configured as crossbeams).

[0018] In order to achieve particularly favorable accident characteristics in a particularly weight-saving manner, another embodiment of the present invention provides that the respective subregion of the support structure has a plurality of ribs spaced apart from one another, viewed along a spacing direction extending perpendicular to the plane. These ribs preferably each, in particular, have exactly one free end. It is particularly conceivable that the free ends are spaced apart from one another along the spacing direction. It is also conceivable that the free ends can be or are supported at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the respective side wall in the first direction.

[0019] In order to enable particularly simple repair of the electrical energy storage device, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the side walls of the storage housing are formed integrally with the upper base element. This means that the side walls and the upper base element are formed from a single, single part and are thus formed or constructed as a single piece. In other words, it is preferably provided that the side walls and the upper base element do not consist of several components that are formed separately and connected to one another, but rather that the side walls and the upper base element are preferably formed from a single, single part and are thus integrally formed or formed from an integrally constructed or manufactured body.

[0020] In another embodiment of the present invention, the storage cell is connected to the support structure, in particular to the central region of the support structure, in particular by direct bonding and / or by means of foam. The foam may be, for example, PU (polyurethane) foam. This allows the storage cell to be particularly advantageously connected to the support structure and, via the support structure, to the upper floor element. This allows the upper floor element, the storage cell, and the support structure to remain attached to the vehicle body, for example, when replacing the lower floor element.

[0021] To facilitate particularly convenient servicing of the electrical energy storage device, a further embodiment of the invention provides for the storage cell to be connected to the upper floor element via at least one corresponding adhesive connection and / or via foam. This allows the storage cell to be held on the vehicle body, in particular by means of the upper floor element, and the upper floor element can also be held on the vehicle body, while the lower floor element can be detached or separated from the upper floor element, the cell, and the vehicle body and, for example, replaced. The foam can be a polyurethane foam.

[0022] Finally, it has proven particularly advantageous if the upper base element is made of fiber-reinforced plastic. In particular, the upper base element or the fiber-reinforced plastic is made of SMC (sheet molding compound), thereby achieving a particularly high rigidity of the electrical energy storage device while saving weight. Connecting an additional lower base element in particular allows the upper base element to be made of fiber-reinforced plastic, since, for example, connecting the two base elements allows for an advantageously high degree of stability of the electrical energy storage device.

[0023] The upper floor element can be designed, for example, such that the storage cells are each completely covered by the upper floor element toward the lower floor element (in particular viewed downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle in the installed position of the electrical energy storage device) and thus overlap therewith.

[0024] Furthermore, it is conceivable that the upper bottom element is perforated. This is to be understood in particular as meaning that the upper bottom element has through-holes. In particular, it is conceivable that the upper bottom element has at least or exactly one through-hole for each storage cell. In particular, it is conceivable that the respective storage cell has, in particular, a predetermined breaking point of the respective cell housing of the respective storage cell, for example, formed by a rupture disc or in some other way, which is also referred to as the predetermined failure point. If, for example (in particular due to a thermal event), a pressure increase occurs in the respective cell housing, the respective cell housing first fails, in particular bursts or ruptures, at the predetermined breaking point, so that, for example, hot gases can escape from the respective cell housing at the respective predetermined breaking point. In particular, it is conceivable that, viewed downwards in the vertical direction of the vehicle toward the lower bottom element, in particular in the installed position of the electrical energy storage device, the respective predetermined breaking point at least partially, in particular at least largely or completely overlaps with the through-hole of the upper bottom element belonging to the respective storage cell. Thus, gas escaping or flowing out of the respective cell housing at the predetermined breaking point can, for example, pass through the respective through-holes of the upper bottom element belonging to the respective storage cell, thereby enabling targeted and therefore reliable guidance or discharge (also called venting) of the gas.

[0025] Finally, it has proven particularly advantageous to arrange foam, such as polyurethane foam, beneath the storage cells, i.e., between the storage cells and the base, in particular between the cells and the upper base element. This allows for particularly advantageous protection against propagation, electrical insulation of the cells, and short-circuit protection during degassing.

[0026] A second aspect of the present invention relates to a motor vehicle, preferably designed as a car, in particular a passenger car, which comprises an electrical energy storage device according to the first aspect of the present invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention can be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention, and vice versa. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Further details of the present invention are obtained from the following description of preferred embodiments together with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are as follows:

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic sectional view showing a portion of a first embodiment of an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle;

[0029] Figure 2 a schematic sectional view showing a detail of a second embodiment of an electrical energy storage device;

[0030] Figure 3 a schematic sectional view showing a detail of a third embodiment of an electrical energy store; and

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic sectional view shows a detail of a fourth specific embodiment of an electrical energy store. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0033] Figure 1 An electrical energy storage device 1 for a motor vehicle, particularly a car, particularly a passenger car, is shown in a schematic cross-sectional view, partially along a section. This means that the motor vehicle (also referred to as a vehicle for short) comprises an electrical energy storage device 1 in its fully manufactured state, also referred to as a storage device, energy storage device, or high-voltage storage device (HVS). The electrical energy storage device 1 comprises storage cells 2, also referred to as cells or individual cells. The storage cells 2 are separate individual components. For example, a plurality of storage cells 2 are electrically connected to one another. Electrical energy can be stored or stored in, or by, the storage cells 2, particularly electrochemically. The electrical energy storage device 1 also comprises a storage housing 3, which comprises, and particularly directly delimits, a receiving area 4 (also referred to as a receiving space or configured as a receiving space). Each storage cell 2 is at least partially, particularly at least largely, and thus at least more than half or completely, disposed in, and thus accommodated in, the receiving area 4 and, thus, the storage housing 3. The storage housing 3 comprises a bottom 5 (also referred to as a housing bottom), with which, for example, the receiving area 4 at least largely, particularly completely, overlaps when the electrical energy storage device 1 is in its installed position, downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle. The electrical energy storage device 1 assumes its installed position in the fully manufactured state of the motor vehicle equipped with the electrical energy storage device 1 , wherein Figure 1 The installation position of the electrical energy storage device 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 , the vehicle vertical direction of the motor vehicle is indicated by a double arrow 6 .

[0034] exist Figure 1In the first embodiment shown, the floor 5 has a sandwich structure, so that the floor 5 and thus the sandwich structure include an upper floor element 7 and a lower floor element 8. In the sandwich structure, the lower floor element 8 is arranged at a distance A from the upper floor element 7, forming a gap 9 between the floor elements 7 and 8 in the vehicle vertical direction. This distance A extends in the vehicle vertical direction, in particular parallel to the vehicle vertical direction (double-headed arrow 6). In the first embodiment, an energy absorption element 10, also called a deformation element, is arranged in the gap 9. This energy absorption element can deform when subjected to accident-induced forces, either by dissipating or absorbing energy. This means, for example, that when subjected to accident-induced forces, the energy absorption element 10 deforms, thereby converting the accident energy into deformation energy and thus absorbing it. In particular, the energy absorption element 10 is designed separately from the floor elements 7 and 8. For example, the energy absorption element 10 can be supported or is supported, in particular at least indirectly and more particularly directly, in the vehicle vertical direction upward. It is also conceivable that the energy absorption element 10 can be supported or is supported, in particular at least indirectly, in particular directly, in the vehicle vertical direction downward, on the floor element 8. In the present embodiment, i.e., in the first embodiment, energy absorption elements 10 are respectively directly attached to floor elements 7 and 8 . For example, energy absorption elements 10 are formed from foam (also called structural foam) and are thus designed as foam elements. It can be seen that floor elements 7 and 8 are sandwich-structured cover elements that are spaced apart from one another in the vertical direction of the vehicle. Energy absorption element 10 is arranged between these cover elements as the core element of the sandwich structure. This allows for a particularly rigid and weight-saving design of floor 5 .

[0035] In order to be able to repair the energy storage device 1 particularly simply and cost-effectively, for example when the bottom element 8 is damaged while the bottom element 7 and the storage cells 2 are still intact, the bottom elements 7 and 8, which are designed separately from each other, can be disassembled without damage, at least with respect to the bottom elements 7 and 8, and in this case, for example, at least indirectly or directly connected to each other. Figure 1In the embodiment shown, the bottom elements 7 and 8 are, in particular, directly screwed together and thus can be detached from one another without damage. This is to be understood in particular as meaning that the bottom elements 7 and 8 are, in particular, directly screwed together and thus can be detached from one another by means of at least one or preferably a plurality of screw connections 11. The screw connection 11 comprises a screw element 12, for example, in the form of a screw, which penetrates, for example, a corresponding first threaded hole in the bottom element 8. It is conceivable that the bottom element 7 has a second threaded hole corresponding to the first threaded hole, and that the screw element 12 penetrates, for example, and / or is inserted into, the second threaded hole. By means of the screw element 12, the bottom elements 7 and 8 are screwed together and thus can be detached from one another without damage. For this purpose, for example, a thread corresponding to the screw element 12, in particular an internal thread, is provided on the bottom element 7, and the screw element 12 is, for example, screwed to the bottom element, in particular screwed into the bottom element, whereby the bottom elements 7 and 8 are screwed to one another.

[0036] For example, bottom element 8 is made of a metal material, so bottom element 8 is preferably configured as a first bottom metal plate. For example, bottom element 8 is made of steel or aluminum. It is conceivable that bottom element 7 is made of a metal material and thus configured as a second bottom metal plate. For example, bottom element 7 is made of steel or aluminum. However, it has been found to be particularly advantageous if bottom element 7 is made of fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular SMC.

[0037] The bottom element 7, in particular its surface 13 pointing toward the storage cell 2 and thus upward in the vehicle vertical direction and away from the lower bottom element 8 and the energy absorption element, extends in an imaginary plane 14, which extends, for example, perpendicularly to the vehicle vertical direction. Figure 1 In the figure, a first direction is indicated by a double arrow 42, which first direction runs parallel to the imaginary plane 14 and therefore, in particular, perpendicular to the vehicle vertical direction. The first direction indicated by the double arrow 42 runs in particular in the vehicle transverse direction of the motor vehicle, in particular parallel to the vehicle transverse direction, so that the vehicle transverse direction of the motor vehicle is indicated by the double arrow 42. The above-mentioned section is thus formed, for example, through the vehicle transverse direction and the vehicle vertical direction.

[0038] In a first embodiment, the bottom element 7 is a component of the tray 15 (also referred to as the housing tray) of the storage housing 3. It is provided that the corresponding side walls of the tray 15 and thus of the storage housing 3 are connected to the storage cells 2 on both sides in a first direction (double arrow 42).

[0039] One of the side walls of the tray 15 can be seen and is denoted by reference numeral 16. As can be seen from the example of side wall 16, the corresponding side wall of the tray 15 extends in a second direction, indicated by arrow 17, which extends obliquely or perpendicularly to the plane 14 and points away from the base elements 7 and 8 and thus extends, so to speak, upwards in the vehicle (vertical) direction away from the base element 7, whereby the storage cell 2, viewed in the first direction (double arrow 42), overlaps at least partially, in particular at least for the most part, and therefore at least more than half or completely, on both sides with the corresponding side wall of the tray 15. In particular, Figure 1 As can be seen in the figure, the receiving area 4 overlaps the side walls of the tray 15 on both sides in a first direction (double-headed arrow 42), and is in particular directly bounded by the side walls of the tray 15. It is therefore provided that the side walls of the tray 15 are integrally formed with the upper base element 7, so that the side walls of the tray 15 and the upper base element 7 of the tray 15 are formed from a single, single part, and thus from an integrally manufactured or integrally constructed body. It is therefore conceivable that the side walls of the tray 15 are made of the metal material forming the base element 7, or that they are made of the fiber-reinforced plastic forming the base element 7.

[0040] In a first embodiment, the energy absorption element 10 is in particular directly bonded to the bottom element 8. For this purpose, at least one or more Figure 1 8 , by means of which one or more adhesive connections the energy absorption element 10 is in particular directly bonded to the bottom element 8 . It is conceivable that the energy absorption element 10 is not directly connected to the upper bottom element 7 .

[0041] In a first embodiment, the electrical energy storage device 1 includes a sealing element 19, in particular, disposed between the floor elements 7 and 8 in the vertical direction of the vehicle and, for example, configured separately from the floor elements 7 and 8. The sealing element seals the floor elements 7 and 8 relative to one another, in particular such that the sealing element 19 bears directly against the floor element 7 on the one hand and against the floor element 8 on the other hand. In particular, the sealing element 19 is clamped between the floor elements 7 and 8. In the first embodiment, the threaded element 12 also penetrates the sealing element 19. In the first embodiment, the floor element 7 is perforated. Therefore, the floor element 7 has at least or exactly one through-hole 20 for each storage cell 2. As can be seen, each storage cell 2 has a corresponding cell housing 21. For example, at least or exactly two electrodes of the corresponding storage cell 2 are disposed in the corresponding cell housing 21. For example, each cell housing 21 has at least or exactly one predetermined breaking point 22, which, in the first embodiment, is disposed, for example, on the corresponding underside U of the corresponding cell housing 21, pointing downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle. It is conceivable that the respective predetermined breaking point 22 at least partially, in particular, at least largely or completely, overlaps the respective through-hole 20 of the upper floor element 7 in the vertical direction of the vehicle downward and thus toward the lower floor element 8. The respective through-hole 20 is provided at the respective location of the upper floor element 7. As an alternative to the respective through-hole 20, for example, a material thinning of the floor element 7 can be provided at the respective location. The term "material thinning" should be understood to mean that the floor element 7 is thinner at the respective location than in other areas and thus has a first wall thickness that is, for example, smaller than a second wall thickness in the wall area of ​​the floor element 7, in particular, directly adjacent to the respective location. If a pressure increase occurs in the respective cell housing 21, for example (in particular due to a thermal event), the respective cell housing 21 initially fails, in particular ruptures or bursts, at the respective predetermined breaking point 22. Subsequently, in particular hot gases can escape from the respective cell housing 21 at the respective predetermined breaking point 22. The gases can, for example, pass through the through-hole 20 and thus be discharged in a targeted manner from the respective storage cell 2. It is also conceivable that the hot gas penetrates the material thinning or the upper bottom element 7 at said location and then flows through the upper bottom element 7 , whereby the gas can be advantageously discharged.

[0042] exist Figure 1, the elements are denoted by reference numeral 23. The respective element 23 is, for example, a cell support, by means of which, for example, the respective storage cell 2 is supported on the bottom element 7, in particular such that the cell support is supported, on the one hand, in particular directly on the respective storage cell 2, and on the other hand, in particular directly on the bottom element 7, in particular on its surface 13. For example, the cell support is made of plastic. Alternatively or additionally, the respective element 23 can be a respective adhesive connection, by means of which, for example, the respective storage cell 2 is bonded, in particular directly, to the upper bottom element 7, in particular to the surface 13.

[0043] In summary, it can be seen that the lower floor element 8 is designed as a mounting component. For maintenance or repair, for example, the threaded element 12 can be unscrewed. Furthermore, it is conceivable, for example, to cut through the sealing element 19, which is designed, for example, as a butyl seal, without damaging or destroying other components when the floor element 8 is separated from the floor element 7. The floor element 8 can then be separated from the floor element 7 and the storage cells 2 and removed, while the tray 15 and the storage cells 2 remain on the vehicle body, for example, which is designed as a self-supporting vehicle. After unscrewing the threaded element 12 and especially after cutting through the sealing element 19, the floor element 8 is moved downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle, especially together with the energy absorption element 10, especially removed (especially by lifting), especially until, for example, a plastic insert, especially one having an undercut, is removed. This plastic insert, for example, secures the energy absorption element 10 to the tray 15, especially to the floor element 7, especially by forming the aforementioned, especially elastic, undercut.

[0044] The adhesive connection 18 is formed, for example, by adhesive tape. For example, at least or exactly four adhesive connections 18 are provided. In other words, the number of adhesive connections 18 can be in the range of 1 (inclusive) to 4 (inclusive). For example, in a first embodiment, the bottom element 8 is circumferentially connected to the tray 15 by means of threaded elements 12, in particular screwed to the tray 15, in particular by means of sealing elements 19, in a circumferential direction extending about the vertical direction of the vehicle. It is also conceivable that the energy absorption element 10 is fixed to the tray 15 by means of the plastic inserts, in particular between the corresponding monolithic triangular regions. The aforementioned discharge of gas from the corresponding monolithic housing 21 is also referred to as venting or degassing. The gas is, for example, introduced into the gap 9, in particular via the perforated bottom element 7. A hole is provided at the rear end, for example, to allow the gas, in particular its flow, also referred to as the airflow, to be directed from the gap 9 serving as the deformation zone to other areas and thus discharged in a targeted manner.

[0045] Figure 2A second embodiment of an energy storage device 1 is shown in a schematic cross-sectional view, particularly along a cross-sectional plane. In this second embodiment, a structural element 24 is provided, by which the storage cells 2 are supported downwardly, particularly in the vertical direction of the vehicle, on the upper floor element 8. The structural element 24 is, for example, separate from the floor element 8. In particular, the structural element 24 is disposed between the storage cells 2 and the floor element 8, particularly in the vertical direction of the vehicle. The structural element 24 may be, for example, a degassing structure, allowing the aforementioned gas to flow out of the respective storage cells 2 and, in particular, into the degassing structure. The degassing structure allows, for example, gas from the respective cell housing 21 to be discharged in a targeted manner. For example, the structural element 24 may be made of plastic, particularly fiber-reinforced plastic. Thus, for example, the structural element 24 may be a plastic structure. It is conceivable that the storage cells 2 are bonded to the floor element 8 via the structural element 24. In particular, the structural element 24 may be a compact plastic support, which may be made of the aforementioned plastic, particularly fiber-reinforced plastic. For example, the respective storage cells 2 may be bonded directly to the structural element 24, particularly via the respective element 23. Alternatively or additionally, the structural element 24 can be bonded, for example, directly to the upper base element 8, in particular to its surface 13. It is particularly conceivable that the structural element 24 is made of SMC (sheet molding compound), so that the aforementioned fiber-reinforced plastic can be SMC.

[0046] It is conceivable that the cell supports described above can be simultaneously pressed into the structural element 24, in particular into its fiber-reinforced plastic, or into the upper base element 8, in particular into its fiber-reinforced plastic, so that, for example, a separate support structure such as the structural element 24 can be omitted. In particular, a degassing structure provided with degassing channels through which gas can flow for guiding gas away from the storage cell 2 can be integrated into the fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular into the SMC, in particular the base element 8 or the structural element 24.

[0047] exist Figure 2In the second embodiment shown, the structural element 24 is a support structure made of the aforementioned plastic, in particular the aforementioned fiber-reinforced plastic, wherein the structural element 24 comprises the aforementioned degassing structure provided with degassing channels. Here, the structural element 24 and the floor element 8 are components that are constructed separately from one another and at least indirectly, in particular directly, support one another. In the present case, the components at least indirectly, in particular directly, support one another in the vertical direction of the vehicle. In particular, for example, the floor element 8 is directly connected to the structural element 24, in particular adhesively bonded. Instead of using an additional structural element 24, it is conceivable, in particular when the floor element 8 is made of the aforementioned fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular SMC, to dispense with a separate support structure formed by the structural element 24. For example, a single-piece support part can be pressed into the fiber-reinforced plastic of the floor element 8, so that the fiber-reinforced plastic of the floor element 8 forms the degassing structure provided with degassing channels.

[0048] During the installation of the energy storage device 1 according to the second embodiment, before connecting the base element 8 to the base element 7, the energy absorption element 10 is pre-fixed to the base element 8, for example, in particular by means of corresponding adhesive connections 18. Here, for example, the energy absorption element 10 is adhesively bonded to the base element 8 over a wide area by means of corresponding adhesive connections 18, for example, formed by corresponding adhesive tape strips, and thus pre-fixed thereto. In particular, the base element 8 is subsequently screwed together and thereby at least indirectly and releasably connected to the base element 7 and, in particular, sealed all around. In the second embodiment, the base element 8 is screwed together to the tray 15 by means of screw elements 12, for example, such that, in particular, a partial retainer 26 is provided for each screw connection 11. The retainer 26 is, for example, integral with the tray 15 or separate from the tray 15 and connected, in particular, welded, to the tray 15, in particular, to the side wall 16. The base element 8 is screwed together, in particular, directly to the retainer 26 and, via the retainer 26, to the base element 7, thereby being connected to the base element 7 in a releasably non-destructive manner. It can be seen that the threaded element 12 passes through the bottom element 8 and that the threaded element 12 passes through the holder 26 or is embedded in the holder 26. In particular, the thread corresponding to the threaded element 12 is provided on the holder 26 and thus via the holder 26 on the bottom element 7.

[0049] In order to separate the bottom element 8 from the bottom element 7 and to cut the sealing element 19, which is made of butyl in particular, a cutting element 27 is provided, which is designed as a cutting wire or cutting line. This cutting element can be a component of the energy storage device 1 and is at least indirectly held on the tray 15 and / or the bottom element 8. An insertion aid 28 is also provided, which is partially bounded by the holder 26 and partially by the bottom element 8. The cutting element 27 can be inserted into the insertion aid 28, in particular in a first direction, which is indicated by a double-headed arrow 42, whereby the cutting element 27 is guided between the bottom elements 7 and 8 and in particular toward the sealing element 19 by means of the insertion aid 28. By further movement of the cutting element 27 in the first direction, the sealing element 19 is cut by means of the cutting element 27, whereby the bottom elements 7 and 8 are separated from each other without damaging the bottom elements 7 and 8.

[0050] Figure 3 A third embodiment of an energy storage device 1 is shown in a schematic cross-sectional view, particularly along a section plane. In this third embodiment, the energy storage device 1 has a support structure, in this case a plastic structure 41. This means that in this embodiment, the support structure is made of plastic. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the support structure is made of a metallic material, thus forming a metal structure. In this embodiment, the plastic structure 41 is a structure made of plastic, in particular fiber-reinforced plastic, and is also referred to as a plastic element or plastic arrangement. Here, the storage cells 2 are supported on the upper bottom element 7, in particular its surface 13, particularly in the vertical direction of the vehicle, by the plastic structure 41, which is separate from the storage cells 2, separate from the bottom element 7, and separate from the bottom element 8. In particular, the plastic structure 41 is supported directly on the bottom element 7, in particular on the surface 13. It is also conceivable that the plastic structure 41 is supported directly on the storage cells 2. In this third embodiment, the plastic structure 41 has an intermediate region 29, which, for example, forms or is related to the structural element 24 of the second embodiment. In the third embodiment, the storage cell 2 is supported by the intermediate region 29, in particular in the vertical direction of the vehicle (double arrow 6), on the upper floor element 7, in particular on its surface 13. It is conceivable that the intermediate region 29 is supported, in particular, directly on the floor element 7, in particular on the surface 13. It is also conceivable that the intermediate region 29 is supported, in particular, directly on the storage cell 2. In the third embodiment, the intermediate region 29 is in particular directly bonded to the storage cell 2, in particular by means of a corresponding element 23 designed as an adhesive connection. Alternatively or additionally, for example, the intermediate region 29 can be bonded, in particular, directly to the floor element 7, in particular on the surface 13.

[0051] In the third embodiment, it is also provided that, in particular, a corresponding local area 30 of the plastic structure 41 is provided between the corresponding side wall of the tray 15 and the storage cell 2 along the first direction indicated by the double-headed arrow 42, so that the local area of ​​the plastic structure 41 is connected to the storage cell 2 on both sides along the first direction indicated by the double-headed arrow 42. Here, the storage cell overlaps at least partially, in particular at least mostly or completely, with the local area of ​​the plastic structure 41 on both sides along the first direction and here towards the side wall. As a result, the storage cell 2 can be supported or is supported on the side wall of the tray 5 on both sides along the first direction by the local area of ​​the plastic structure 41. In the third embodiment, as can be seen from the example of the local area 30, the corresponding local area of ​​the plastic structure 41 can be supported or is supported on the storage cell 2 on the one hand, in particular directly and on the other hand, can be supported or is supported on the side wall. The local area 30 here is or forms an energy absorbing structure and is therefore a structure for energy absorption. As can be seen from the example of the local area 30 of the plastic structure 41, the energy absorbing structure has a plurality of sections extending perpendicularly to the plane 14 or at right angles to the plane 14. Figure 3 The ribs 32 are spaced apart from one another, as viewed in the spacing direction indicated by the double-headed arrow 31. In this case, each rib 32 has a respective free end facing the side wall 16. Via the respective free end, the respective rib 32 can be supported or is supported, in particular, directly on the respective side wall 16 in the first direction indicated by the double-headed arrow 42. Furthermore, it is provided that the plastic structure 41 is of integral design. This is to be understood in particular as meaning that the intermediate region 29 is integrally formed with the partial region 30 of the plastic structure 41, so that the intermediate region 29 and the partial region 30 of the plastic structure 41 are formed from a single, single part, and are thus integrally formed or formed from an integrally constructed or manufactured body.

[0052] In addition, by Figure 3As can be seen, a device 33 of the electrical energy storage device 1 is at least partially arranged in the central region 29. In particular, the device 33 is constructed separately from the central region 29, in particular from the plastic structure 41. It can be seen that the device 33 has channels 34, which are arranged, in particular, in the vertical direction of the vehicle, between the storage cells 2 and the upper floor element 7, in particular, on the surface 13. Thus, the respective channels 34 are arranged in the vertical direction of the vehicle between the storage cells 2 and the floor element 7, in particular, on the surface 13. The device 33 can, for example, be a venting device or also known as a ventilation device. For example, the gas flowing out of the respective cell housing 21 can flow into the respective channels 34 and then be discharged from the respective storage cells 2 via the respective channels 34. To this end, it is particularly provided that the respective predetermined breaking point 22 at least partially, in particular, at least largely or completely, overlaps with the respective channels 34 in the vertical direction of the vehicle downward and thus toward the lower floor element 8. Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the device 33 is a temperature control device, in particular a cooler, by means of which the temperature of the storage cells 2 can be controlled, i.e., cooled and / or heated. For example, a liquid temperature control medium, for example, can flow through the respective channels 34, with which the storage cells 2 can be temperature-controlled, i.e., cooled and / or heated, in particular via the device 33. In this way, in particular, a heat exchange between the storage cells 2 and the temperature control medium can be achieved via the device 33. For example, the plastic structure 41, in particular the intermediate region 29 and / or the partial region 30, is supported in a planar manner on the device 33 (in particular in a cooler) and / or on the respective storage cells 2.

[0053] from Figure 3 It can be seen that in the third embodiment the energy absorption structure has a rib 35 which is thicker than the rib 32. For example, the rib 35 forms a structure for preventing misoperation and / or for deflation, in particular in the event of an accident.

[0054] at last, Figure 4 A fourth embodiment of an energy storage device 1 is shown. This fourth embodiment is characterized in particular by the fact that the lower floor element 8 is double-walled and has two walls 36 and 37, which are arranged spaced apart from one another in the vertical direction of the vehicle, forming a gap 38 arranged between the walls 36 and 37 in the vertical direction of the vehicle. Energy absorption element 10 is arranged in gap 38 and thus in the vertical direction of the vehicle between walls 36 and 37. No other energy absorption elements, in particular no other structural elements of the electrical energy storage device 1, are arranged between upper wall 36 and upper floor element 7 in the vertical direction of the vehicle. For example, energy absorption element 10 is supported directly on walls 36 and / or 37, in particular in the vertical direction of the vehicle.

[0055] The motor vehicle body, which is preferably designed as a self-supporting body, has two side sills spaced apart from each other in the vehicle transverse direction, whose respective longitudinal extensions extend in the vehicle longitudinal direction of the motor vehicle. The vehicle longitudinal direction is indicated by a double-headed arrow 39. Figure 4 One of the side sills can be seen in the figure and is designated by reference numeral 40. It can be seen that in the fourth embodiment, the lower floor element 8 is screwed directly to the side sill 40 by means of corresponding screw elements 12 and is thereby held thereon, thereby indirectly connecting the lower floor element 8 to the upper floor element 7 in a non-destructive, detachable manner. The screw elements 12 extend through corresponding threaded holes, for example, in the floor element 8, which are designed as through-holes. Furthermore, for example, the screw elements 12 extend through corresponding threaded holes, for example, in the side sill 40, which are designed as through-holes, or the screw elements 12 engage in threaded holes (also referred to as openings) in the side sill 40. In embodiments not shown in the figures, the electrical energy storage device 1 can optionally include a membrane, in particular for internal sealing.

[0056] As in the third embodiment, the partial region 30 of the plastic structure 41 can be used in a side impact, for example, so that when forces, particularly those caused by an accident, act inwardly in the vehicle transverse direction on the electrical energy storage device 1, the loads caused by the accident can be received and supported by the deformation of the partial region 30, and in particular absorbed. In the fourth embodiment, a cutting element 27 is also provided for cutting through the sealing element 19. In the fourth embodiment, the insertion aid 28 is partially bounded by the side sill 40 and partially by the base element 8. The insertion aid 28 is formed in particular such that it extends inwardly in a funnel-shaped manner in the vehicle transverse direction or in the first direction. To enable particularly advantageous energy absorption, it is preferably provided that the plastic structure 41, in particular the central region 29 and / or the partial region 30, has a honeycomb structure with a plurality of, in particular, hexagonal honeycombs. Reference Signs List

[0057] 1Electric energy storage

[0058] 2 storage units

[0059] 3Memory housing

[0060] 4Accommodation area

[0061] 5Bottom

[0062] 6 double-headed arrows

[0063] 7 Upper bottom components

[0064] 8 bottom components

[0065] 9 Gap

[0066] 10Energy absorbing elements

[0067] 11 Threaded connection

[0068] 12 threaded elements

[0069] 13 Surface

[0070] 14 planes

[0071] 15 pallets

[0072] 16 sidewalls

[0073] 17 arrows

[0074] 18 adhesive joints

[0075] 19 Sealing element

[0076] 20 through holes

[0077] 21 Monolithic shell

[0078] 22Predetermined fracture site

[0079] 23 components

[0080] 24 structural elements

[0081] 25 adhesive joints

[0082] 26 retainer

[0083] 27 cutting elements

[0084] 28 Insertion assist device

[0085] 29 Middle Area

[0086] 30 local areas

[0087] 31 double-headed arrow

[0088] 32 ribs

[0089] 33 devices

[0090] 34 channels

[0091] 35 ribs

[0092] 36 walls

[0093] 37 walls

[0094] 38 gaps

[0095] 39 double-headed arrow

[0096] 40 side sills

[0097] 41 Plastic structure

[0098] 42 double-headed arrow

[0099] A spacing

[0100] U bottom side

Claims

1. An electrical energy storage device (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising a storage cell (2) designed to store electrical energy, the storage cell being arranged in a storage housing (3) having a bottom (5) having an upper bottom element (7) and a lower bottom element (8), characterized in that: The separate floor elements (7, 8) can be detached from one another without causing damage, at least with respect to the floor elements (7, 8).

2. The electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The storage cell (2) is supported on the upper bottom element (7) by means of a support structure (41) arranged between the upper bottom element (7) and the storage cell (2).

3. The electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The corresponding side walls (16) of the storage housing (3) are connected to the storage unit (2) on both sides along a first direction (13), the first direction extending parallel to the plane (14) in which the upper bottom element (7) extends, and the corresponding side walls (16) of the storage housing extend away from the upper bottom element (7) along a second direction (17) extending obliquely or perpendicularly to the plane (14) and pointing away from the lower bottom element (8) and the upper bottom element (7), whereby the storage unit (2) overlaps with the corresponding side walls (16) on both sides when viewed along the first direction (13).

4. The electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that The corresponding partial area (30) of the support structure (41) is arranged between the corresponding side wall (16) and the storage unit (2) along the first direction (13), whereby the storage unit (2) is supported or can be supported on the side wall (16) on both sides along the first direction (13) by the partial area (30) of the support structure (41).

5. The electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that The respective partial region (30) of the plastic structure (42) has a plurality of ribs (32) which are spaced apart from one another, viewed in a spacing direction (31) extending perpendicularly to the plane (14).

6. The electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that The side wall (16) is formed integrally with the upper base element (7).

7. The electrical energy storage device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that The storage cells (2) are bonded to the support structure (41) and / or connected by means of foam.

8. The electrical energy storage device (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The storage cell (2) is connected to the upper base element (7) via at least one corresponding adhesive connection (23) and / or via foam.

9. The electrical energy storage device (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The upper base element (7) is made of fiber-reinforced plastic.

10. The electrical energy storage device (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that Foam is arranged between the storage unit (2) and the bottom (5). 11 . A motor vehicle having an electrical energy storage device ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 .

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