Beam reporting enhancements for beam prediction

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive control signaling that identifies a set of quantized values for beam measurement reporting for a plurality of beams. The UE may receive a set of reference signals, and each reference signal may be associated with a beam of the plurality of beams. The UE may transmit a report indicating a set of power values based on the set of quantized values and the set of reference signals. Each power value of the set of power values may be associated with a respective beam of the plurality of beams. The control signaling may also indicate a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for the plurality of beams. The report may include a vector report and may indicate the set of power values, the set of power values based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 832,073 filed by Bai et al. on June 3, 2022, entitled "BEAM REPORT ENHANCEMENTS FOR BEAM PREDICTION", which is transferred to the assignee of this application and is expressly incorporated by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, including beam reporting enhancements for beam prediction. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems (such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as new radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ techniques such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more network nodes, each of which supports wireless communication for communication devices, which may be referred to as user equipment (UE). In some wireless communication systems, network nodes may use machine learning models for beam management. In some cases, the prior art for beam management using machine learning models may be defective. Summary of the invention

[0005] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction. For example, the described technology provides a format for reference signal measurement reports that supports machine learning models at network nodes. In some examples, a user equipment (UE) may receive control signaling that identifies a set of quantized values ​​for multiple beams from multiple sets of quantized values ​​for beam measurement reports configured at the UE for multiple beams. The UE may receive a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the multiple beams, and each reference signal in the set of reference signals may be associated with a beam in the multiple beams. The UE may send a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE. Each power value in the set of power values ​​may be associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams. In some examples, the control signaling may indicate a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for the multiple beams. In such examples, the report may include a vector report and may indicate the set of power values based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE. In some examples, such techniques for beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction can reduce network inefficiency and other possible benefits.

[0006] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include: receiving control signaling that identifies, for a set of multiple beams, a set of quantized values ​​from a set of multiple sets of quantized values ​​for beam management reports configured at the UE for the set of multiple beams; receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams; and sending a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0007] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive control signaling that identifies a set of quantized values ​​for a set of multiple beams from a set of multiple sets of quantized values ​​for beam management reports configured at the UE for the set of multiple beams; receive a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams; and send a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0008] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include: a component for receiving control signaling that identifies, for a set of multiple beams, a set of quantized values ​​from a set of multiple sets of quantized values ​​for beam management reports configured at the UE for the set of multiple beams; a component for receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams; and a component for sending a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to perform the following operations: receiving control signaling that identifies a set of quantized values ​​for a set of multiple beams from a set of multiple sets of quantized values ​​for beam management reports configured at the UE for the set of multiple beams; receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams; and sending a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0010] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the control signaling identifying the set of quantization values ​​may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following operations: receiving an indication of a codebook, which may be one of a set of multiple codebooks configured at the UE for beam management reporting of the set of multiple beams, wherein the set of quantization values ​​may be identified by the codebook.

[0011] In some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, receiving the control signaling identifying the set of quantized values ​​may include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an indication of activation of a report configuration associated with the set of quantized values, wherein the set of quantized values ​​may be identified by the report configuration.

[0012] Some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components or instructions for sending a second control signaling indicating a set of quantized values ​​identified by the UE, wherein receiving the control signaling may be based on the second control signaling.

[0013] In some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, the set of quantized values ​​may be identified by the UE based on measurement accuracy supported by the UE and associated with the set of power values, the power state associated with the battery at the UE, or both.

[0014] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following operations: sending a second control signaling indicating an error value associated with the set of power values; and receiving a third control signaling that identifies a second set of quantization values ​​from a set of multiple sets of quantization values ​​configured at the UE based on the indicated error value.

[0015] In some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, the error value corresponds to a standard deviation of the error associated with the set of power values, an average error associated with the set of power values, an estimated error of each power value in the set of power values, or any combination thereof.

[0016] Some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following operations: sending a second control signaling indicating the number of quantization value sets that can be supported at the UE; and receiving a third control signaling that configures a set of multiple sets of quantization values ​​for the UE at least in part in response to the number of quantization value sets that can be supported at the UE.

[0017] Some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending a second control signaling indicating a quantization level supported at the UE, rules for reporting reference signals supported by the UE, or both.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of quantized values ​​may be based on a machine learning model at a network node.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the set of quantization values ​​includes a quantization range, a quantization level, a number of bits, or any combination thereof.

[0020] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include: receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams; receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams; and sending a vector report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

[0021] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams; receive a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams; and send a vector report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

[0022] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include: means for receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams; means for receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams; and means for sending a vector report indicating a set of power values ​​based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

[0023] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams; receive a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams; and send a vector report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

[0024] In some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, sending the vector report may include an operation, feature, component, or instruction for sending an indication of the set of power values ​​and an index set associated with the set of power values, each index in the set of indexes associated with the corresponding power values ​​and corresponding to the corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0025] In some examples of methods, devices, and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, the vector report may be sent based on determining that the UE fails to receive a reference signal associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams, and the index corresponding to the beam includes a default index, and the power value associated with the index includes a minimum power value in the set of power values.

[0026] Some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following operations: determining that the UE fails to receive a reference signal associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams; and interpolation of power values ​​corresponding to the beam based on the determination, wherein sending the vector report may be based on the interpolation.

[0027] Some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving a second control signaling indicating a function to be used for interpolation of a power value by the UE, wherein the function may be based on a historical power value reported by the UE, and wherein interpolation of the power value may be based on the function.

[0028] In some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, receiving the control signaling indicating the set of rules for vector-based beam management reports may include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an indication of a number of vector reports, where the vector report may be sent based on the indicated number of vector reports.

[0029] In some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, sending the vector report may include an operation, feature, component, or instruction for sending an indication of the set of power values ​​and a timestamp associated with the set of power values, each of the power values ​​corresponding to a corresponding time instance before the time instance of the timestamp.

[0030] In some examples of methods, devices, and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, the control signaling also indicates the number of measurements associated with the timestamp, and the set of power values ​​may be based on the indicated number.

[0031] Some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an indication of a format for a vector-based beam management report, where the vector report further indicates the corresponding time instance of each power value in the set of power values ​​based on the format.

[0032] In some examples of methods, devices and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, receiving the control signaling indicating the set of rules for vector-based beam management reports may include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving an indication of the sorting of the set of power values, wherein the vector report indicating the set of power values ​​may be sent according to the sorting.

[0033] In some examples of methods, devices, and non-transitory computer readable media described herein, based on the ordering, a first number of bits may be used to indicate a first power value in the set of power values, and a second number of bits may be used to indicate a second power value in the set of power values, the first power value greater than the second power value and the first number of bits greater than the second number of bits.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the second power value corresponds to a power value difference relative to the first power value.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the vector report includes an identifier associated with the set of power values, the identifier corresponding to the set of beams. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 and Figure 2 Each illustrates an example of a wireless communication system supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 3 and Figure 4 Each illustrates an example of a process flow supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 5 and Figure 6 A block diagram of an apparatus supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0039] Figure 7 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 8 A diagram of a system including a device supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0041] Figures 9 to 12 A flow chart illustrating a method of supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Some wireless communication systems may support beamforming operations for directional communications. For example, a wireless communication device operating within a wireless communication system may communicate via directional transmissions (e.g., beams), where beamforming may be applied (e.g., using one or more antenna elements) to form (e.g., select, shape, or direct) a beam in a certain direction. For example, a first communication device (e.g., a network entity, a network node) may apply beamforming to form one or more beams (e.g., one or more uplink receive beams or one or more downlink transmit beams) for communicating with a second communication device (e.g., a user equipment (UE)). In some examples, the beamforming applied by the network node may be based on measurements performed at the UE, such as based on a reference signal sent by the network node. For example, a network node may perform a beam management procedure in which the network node may use multiple (e.g., different) beams to send multiple reference signals to a UE, and the UE may report measurements performed at the UE on the multiple reference signals.

[0043] For some beam management procedures, a network node may use one or more machine learning models to predict a suitable or compatible beam for wireless communication with a UE. For example, a network entity may configure a UE to perform and report measurements of reference signals sent from a network node using multiple beams, such that the network node may use the reported measurements (e.g., reference signal measurements) as input to one or more machine learning models. However, in some examples, the format used for reference signal measurement reports may not provide suitable or compatible input to the machine learning model. For example, a UE may be configured to report reference signal measurements with a fixed quantization error value that may exceed the beam prediction accuracy of a machine learning model.

[0044] Additionally or alternatively, as part of the beam management procedure, the network node may indicate to the UE a set of reference signals to be used for reference signal measurement reporting at the UE (e.g., may indicate a set of time and frequency resources during which the network node may send reference signals). In such examples, each reference signal may be associated with a respective beam. In some examples, the UE may not be able to report reference signal measurements for each reference signal in the indicated set. Therefore, the UE may select a subset of reference signals (e.g., from the indicated set of reference signals) for reference signal measurement reporting. However, in some examples, the network node may have trained a machine learning model using the indicated set of reference signals (e.g., using measurements or other information associated with the indicated set of reference signals). In such examples, the subset of reference signal measurements (e.g., corresponding to the selected subset of reference signals) may not be sufficient (e.g., suitable, adequate, compatible) input for the machine learning model, and may therefore degrade the beam prediction accuracy of the machine learning model. Furthermore, in some examples, the UE may be configured to report a single reference signal measurement of each reference signal of the selected subset (eg, performed at a single time instance), and some machine learning models may rely on multiple (eg, series of) reference signal measurements performed over a period of time.

[0045] Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to techniques for beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction, and more specifically to a format for reference signal measurement reporting that supports a machine learning model at a network node. For example, a UE may be configured with multiple sets of quantization values, and each set of quantization values ​​may include a quantization range, a quantization level, or a number of bits, or any combination thereof, to be used by the UE to report reference signal measurements to a network (e.g., a network node). In some examples, each set of quantization values ​​may be represented as a codebook. For example, a UE may be configured with multiple codebooks, and a network node may indicate to the UE which codebook may be used by the UE for reference signal measurement reporting. In some examples, the codebook indicated to the UE (e.g., from a network node) may be based on one or more machine learning models used for beam prediction or other beam management procedures at the network node.

[0046] In some examples, a network node may configure a UE to perform vector-based beam measurement reporting, wherein the UE may send a vector report (e.g., a report formatted in a vector format, including one or more vectors) associated with measurements performed using a reference signal set (e.g., all of the reference signal set) indicated from the network node to the UE. In some examples, the vector report may include a single identifier (ID) for the reference signal set, and thus may reduce overhead associated with sending the vector report to the network node. Additionally or alternatively, the network node may configure the UE to perform differential vector-based measurement reporting, wherein the UE may report multiple (e.g., a series of) reference signal measurements performed at the UE at multiple time instances. In some examples, the multiple time instances at which reference signal measurements are performed at the UE may be based on a timestamp (or multiple corresponding timestamps) indicated to the UE. In some examples, the differential vector report may indicate multiple reference signal measurements based on an ordering that may be based on corresponding values ​​(e.g., power values) measured for each reference signal in the indicated set.

[0047] Certain aspects of the subject matter described herein may be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. For example, the techniques employed by the described communication device (e.g., UE, network node) may provide benefits and enhancements to the operation of the communication device, including implementing a format for reference signal measurement reports that supports machine learning models at network nodes. In some examples, operations performed by the described communication device may improve communication reliability within a wireless communication system. In some examples, operations performed by the described communication device to improve communication reliability within a wireless communication system may include configuring a set of quantized values ​​for the communication device or one or more rules (or both) for vector-based beam measurement reports. In some other examples, operations performed by the described communication device may also support increased throughput and higher data rates as well as other benefits.

[0048] The aspects of the present disclosure are first described in the context of a wireless communication system. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described by and with reference to process flows, device diagrams, system diagrams, and flow diagrams related to beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction.

[0049] Figure 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a long term evolution (LTE) network, an advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a new radio (NR) network, or a network operating according to other systems and radio technologies (including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein).

[0050] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100, and may include devices in different forms or with different capabilities. In different examples, the network entities 105 may be referred to as network nodes, network elements, mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, or network equipment, etc. In some examples, the network entities 105 and the UE 115 may communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, the network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area), and the UE 115 and the network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125 within the coverage area. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area in which the network entity 105 and the UE 115 may support signal communications according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0051] The UE 115 may be distributed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100 , and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. The UE 115 may be a device in different forms or with different capabilities. In Figure 1 Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1 . The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices, such as Figure 1 Other UEs 115 or network entities 105 are shown.

[0052] As described herein, a node of the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as a network node or a wireless node) may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable or compatible processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, the node may be a UE 115. As another example, the node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, references to UE 115, network entity 105, device, device, computing system, etc. may include disclosure of UE 115, network entity 105, device, device, computing system, etc. as nodes. For example, the disclosure of the UE 115 configured to receive information from the network entity 105 also discloses that the first node is configured to receive information from the second node.

[0053] In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with each other, or both. For example, the network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other via the backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols) directly (e.g., directly between the network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130). In some examples, the network entities 105 may communicate with each other via the midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., according to the midhaul interface protocol) or the fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., according to the fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication links 120, the midhaul communication links 162, or the fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, optical fiber links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc. or various combinations thereof. UE 115 may communicate with core network 130 via communication link 155 .

[0054] One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a transceiver base station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), a next-generation Node B, or a gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as a gNB), a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), a home Node B, a home evolved Node B, or other suitable terms). In some examples, the network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, stand-alone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as a base station 140).

[0055] In some examples, the network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, the network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near real-time RIC (near RT RIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a service management and orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. The RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmit receive point (TRP). One or more components of network entity 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of network entity 105 may be located in a distributed location (eg, separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of the decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (eg, virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0056] The functional split between CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between CU 160 and DU 165 such that CU 160 may support one or more layers of a protocol stack and DU 165 may support one or more different layers of a protocol stack. In some examples, CU 160 may host higher protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, and the one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170 may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between the DU 165 and the RU 170, such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170). In some cases, the functional split between CU 160 and DU 165 or between DU 165 and RU 170 may be within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer may be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 may be further functionally split into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via midhaul communication links 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via fronthaul communication links 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, the mid-transmission communication link 162 or the preamble communication link 168 may be implemented according to an interface (eg, a channel) between layers of the protocol stack, supported by corresponding network entities 105 communicating via such communication links.

[0057] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., wireless communication system 100), infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be controlled in part by one or more CUs 160 associated with a donor network entity 105 (e.g., a donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication links 120). The IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by a DU 165 of a coupled IAB donor. The IAB-MT may include a collection of independent antennas for relaying communications with the UE 115, or may share the same antenna of the IAB node 104 (e.g., of the RU 170) for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of the IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0058] In the case where the techniques described herein are applied in the context of a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture may be configured to support beam reporting enhancements for beam prediction as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by UE 115 or network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., IAB node 104, DU 165, CU 160, RU 170, RIC 175, SMO 180).

[0059] UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable term, where a "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, etc. UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0060] The UE 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices such as other UE 115 that can sometimes act as relays and network entities 105 and network equipment including macro eNB or gNB, small cell eNB or gNB, relay base station, etc., such as Figure 1 shown.

[0061] The UE 115 and the network entity 105 may use resources associated with one or more carriers to wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links). The term "carrier" may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure to support the communication link 125. For example, a carrier for the communication link 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operations, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communication system 100 may support communications with the UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, the UE 115 may be configured to have multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation may be used for both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between the network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between a device and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of the network entity 105. For example, the terms "send," "receive," or "communicate" when referring to the network entity 105 may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU 160, DU 165, RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0062] The signal waveform transmitted via the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and the subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), so that a relatively large number of resource elements (e.g., within the transmission duration) and a relatively high-order modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers, beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0063] The time interval for the network entity 105 or the UE 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit, which may be, for example, a sampling period T s =1 / (Δf max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max It can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and N f Can represent the supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. The time intervals of the communication resources may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (eg, 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (eg, range from 0 to 1023).

[0064] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, the frame may be divided into subframes (e.g., in the time domain), and each subframe may be further divided into a certain number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a certain number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, the time slot may also be divided into multiple mini-time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., N f The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0065] A subframe, time slot, micro-slot, or symbol may be the minimum scheduling unit of wireless communication system 100 (eg, in the time domain) and may be referred to as a sending time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (eg, a certain amount of symbol period in the TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the minimum scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (eg, in a shortened TTI (sTTI) burst).

[0066] Physical channels may be multiplexed according to various techniques to communicate using a carrier. For example, physical control channels and physical data channels may be multiplexed for signaling transmission via a downlink carrier using one or more of a time division multiplexing (TDM) technique, a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technique, or a hybrid TDM-FDM technique. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) of a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across a system bandwidth or a subset of a system bandwidth of a carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a group of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search the control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. The aggregation level of the control channel candidates may refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with the coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space sets may include a common search space set configured for transmitting control information to a plurality of UEs 115 , and a UE-specific search space set for transmitting control information to a specific UE 115 .

[0067] In some examples, the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140, RUs 170) may be mobile and thus provide communication coverage for mobile coverage areas 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 provide coverage for various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0068] The wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). The UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private communication or group communication, and may be supported by one or more services (such as push-to-talk, video or data). Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0069] In some examples, the UE 115 may be configured to support communication directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in a group that are performing D2D communication may be within a coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled) by the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in such a group may be outside of the coverage area 110 of the network entity 105, or may be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from the network entity 105 for other reasons. In some examples, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system, in which each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 may facilitate scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be performed between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0070] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity for managing access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity for routing packets or interconnecting to an external network (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW)), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity may manage non-access layer (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be delivered through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to an IP service 150 for one or more network operators. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0071] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands that may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Typically, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range is about one decimeter to one meter. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves may be sufficient to penetrate structures so that macro cells provide services to UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter distances (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to communications using smaller frequencies and longer waves in the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0072] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ license assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology using unlicensed bands (such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band). When operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entity 105 and the UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for conflict detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) combined with component carriers operating using licensed bands. Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among others.

[0073] The network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ technologies such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of the network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located in one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with the network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a collection of multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communications with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals sent via the antenna ports.

[0074] The network entity 105 or UE 115 may use MIMO communication to utilize multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by sending or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such technology may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. For example, multiple signals may be sent by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, multiple signals may be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO technologies include: single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are sent to the same receiving device; and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), in which multiple spatial layers are sent to multiple devices.

[0075] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that may be used at a sending device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or direct an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the sending device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining signals conveyed via antenna elements of an antenna array so that some signals propagating at a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to signals conveyed via antenna elements may include the sending device or the receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to signals carried via antenna elements associated with the device. Adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the sending device or the receiving device or relative to some other orientation).

[0076] The network entity 105 or UE 115 may use beam scanning techniques as part of a beamforming operation. For example, the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be sent multiple times by the network entity 105 along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may send signals according to different sets of beamforming weights associated with different transmission directions. Transmission along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as network entity 105), or by a receiving device (such as UE 115)) a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the network entity 105.

[0077] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be sent by a sending device (e.g., sending network entity 105, sending UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with a receiving device (such as receiving network entity 105 or receiving UE 115)). In some examples, the beam direction associated with the transmission along the single beam direction may be determined based on signals sent along one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals sent by network entity 105 along different directions, and may report to network entity 105 an indication of the signal received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0078] In some examples, transmission by a device (e.g., by network entity 105 or UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from network entity 105 to UE 115). UE 115 may report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Network entity 105 may send a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)), which may or may not be precoded. UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-faceted codebook, a linear combination codebook, a port selection codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals sent in one or more directions by network entities 105 (eg, base station 140, RU 170), UE 115 may use similar techniques for sending signals multiple times in different directions (eg, for identifying beam directions for subsequent transmission or reception by UE 115), or for sending signals in a single direction (eg, for sending data to a receiver device).

[0079] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may perform receiving operations according to multiple receiving configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from a receiving device (e.g., network entity 105). For example, the receiving device may perform reception according to multiple receiving directions by: receiving via different antenna subarrays, processing the received signals according to different antenna subarrays, receiving according to different receiving beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or processing the received signals according to different receiving beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as "listening" according to different receiving configurations or receiving directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single receiving configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). A single reception configuration may be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different reception configuration directions (eg, a beam direction determined to have the highest signal intensity, the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0080] The wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, the communication at the bearer layer or the PDCP layer may be IP-based. The RLC layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate through logical channels. The MAC layer may perform priority processing and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer may also implement error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmission to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC layer may provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection that supports radio bearers of user plane data between the UE 115 and the network entity 105 or the core network 130. The PHY layer may map transport channels to physical channels.

[0081] The wireless communication system 100 may support technology that provides a format for reference signal measurement reporting that supports a machine learning model at a network node (e.g., network entity 105 or one or more other network nodes). For example, UE 115 may receive control signaling that identifies a set of quantized values ​​for beam management reporting for multiple beams. UE 115 may receive a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the multiple beams. For example, each reference signal of the set of reference signals may be associated with a beam in the multiple beams. UE 115 may send a report indicating a set of power values ​​based on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by UE 115. For example, each power value may be based on one or more measurements performed at the UE on the corresponding reference signal. Thus, each power value in the set may be associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams. In some examples, the control signaling may indicate a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for the multiple beams. In such examples, the report may include a vector report, and the indicated set of power values ​​may be based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by UE 115. In some examples, reporting measurements of reference signals sent from a network node (e.g., reporting reference signal measurements) in a format that supports a machine learning model at the network node may improve wireless communications between UE 115 and the network node, among other possible benefits.

[0082] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction is illustrated in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, wireless communication system 200 may implement one or more aspects of wireless communication system 100 or may be implemented by the one or more aspects. For example, wireless communication system 200 may include a UE 215 which may be a reference Figure 1 The wireless communication system 200 may further include a network node 205, which may be as described in reference Figure 1An example of the one or more network entities 105 (eg, CU, DU, RU, base station, IAB node, TRP, or one or more other network nodes). The network node 205 and the UE 215 may communicate within the coverage area 210, which may be as referenced. Figure 1 In some examples, the network node 205 and the UE 215 can communicate within the coverage area 210 using the communication link 235, which can be as shown in FIG. Figure 1 An example of the communication link 125 is shown. Figure 2 In the example, the communication link 135 may be an example of an uplink, a downlink, or some other communication link that supports wired or wireless communication between the UE 215 and the network node 205 . In some examples, wireless communication system 200 may be an example of a RAN and may include features for improving communication between the UE 215 and network node 205 and other possible benefits.

[0083] In some examples, the network node 205 may support one or more beam management procedures, where the network node 205 may use multiple (e.g., different) beams to send multiple reference signals to the UE 215. In response, the UE 215 may report measurements (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) measurements) performed at the UE 215 on the multiple reference signals. For example, the network node 205 may perform beam scanning, such as synchronization signal block (SSB) beam scanning or CSI-RS beam scanning, where the network node 205 may send multiple reference signals (e.g., SSB or CSI-RS) in multiple beamforming directions (e.g., using different beams). In such examples, the UE 215 may be configured to perform measurements (e.g., RSRP measurements or SINR measurements) and report these measurements to the network entity (e.g., via RSRP beam reports or SINR beam reports). In some examples, these measurements (eg, reference signal measurements) may be L1 measurements (eg, L1-RSRP measurements or L1-SINR measurements) that may be reported using an L1 report (eg, L-RSRP beam report or L1-SINR beam report).

[0084] In some examples, the network node 205 may use the reported measurements as input to one or more machine learning models at the network node 205. For example, the network node 205 may use one or more machine learning models to improve beam management procedures at the network node 205. The machine learning models may be used for beam prediction (e.g., in the time domain, in the spatial domain, or both) to improve beam selection accuracy and reduce overhead and latency associated with the beam prediction procedures 255. For example, Figure 2, the network node 205 may use one or more beams 230 to send a reference signal to the UE 215, and in response, the UE 215 may send a measurement report 225 to the network node 205. The measurement report 225 may include a power value 240 (e.g., an RSRP value, a SINR value) associated with the reference signal sent from the network node 205 using one or more of the beams 230. The network node 205 may use the power value 240 as an input to a beam predictor 245 (e.g., comprising a machine learning model), and the beam predictor 245 may output a beam prediction 250.

[0085] In some examples, the machine learning model may include one or more neural network functions (NNFs), which may be examples of functions (e.g., in the form of Y=F(X)) that may be supported by the neural network model. Some examples of neural network models (e.g., neural networks) may include recursive neural networks (RNNs), convolutional neural networks (CNNs), deep neural networks (deep NNs), long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks, or gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural networks, etc. Each NNF may be identified by an NNF ID, which may be configured at the network node 205 or the UE 215 or both (e.g., for some types of extensions). In some examples, the input (X) and output (Y) of each NFF may also be configured. For example, an information element (IE) may be used to indicate the input (X) and output (Y) of each NFF. In some examples, such IEs may be used (e.g., flexibly) by the network node 205 (or UE 215) based on the specific implementation of the corresponding communication device. Additionally or alternatively, the NNF may be supported by multiple neural network models (e.g., based on one or more specific implementations). In some examples, the neural network model may include a model structure and a set of parameters. The model structure may be identified by a model ID (eg, including a default parameter set or another parameter set), which may be associated with NFF. In some examples, the parameter set may include weights (eg, coefficients) of the neural network model and other configuration parameters. Additionally or alternatively, the parameter set may be based on a location or configuration associated with the neural network model.

[0086] In some examples, network node 205 may train a machine learning model (e.g., an algorithm) to predict a power value (e.g., a future RSRP value, a future SINR value) of a beam (or a set of multiple beams) at a future time instance. For example, network node 205 may use a machine learning model to predict a power value of a signal sent using one or more of the beams (e.g., one or more of the beams 230, or other beams) at a future time instance based on historical measurements of signals sent using beam 230 (e.g., previously measured RSRP values, previously measured SINR values). In such examples, input values ​​(e.g., measured RSRP values, measured SINR values) to the machine learning model may be associated with a time instance (e.g., a previous time instance, a past time instance, a time instance before beam prediction is performed using the machine learning model). For example, the input value (X) may be described according to Equation 1:

[0087] X[k:(k+1-n)]. (1)

[0088] Where n may represent the number of measurements (e.g., historical measurements, measurements performed during previous time instances), and k may represent the index of the time instance associated with each measurement. Thus, the input values ​​(e.g., measured RSRP values, measured SINR values) of the first beam set (e.g., including beam 230-a corresponding to index #1, beam 230-b corresponding to index #2, and beam 230-c corresponding to index #3) may be formatted according to the data structure of Table 1 below:

[0089]

[0090] In such examples, the output value of the machine learning model (eg, the predicted RSRP value, the predicted SINR value) may be associated with a future time instance (or the current time instance, the time instance after the time instance associated with the input value). For example, output value It can be described according to equation 2:

[0091]

[0092] Therefore, the output values ​​(eg, predicted RSRP values, predicted SINR values) of the second beam set (eg, including beams corresponding to indexes 1′ to m′) may be formatted according to the data structure of Table 2 below:

[0093]

[0094] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the first beam set (e.g., beam 230-a corresponding to index #1, beam 230-b corresponding to index #2, and beam 230-c corresponding to index #3) and the second beam set (e.g., beams corresponding to indexes #1' to #m') may include the same beam, some of the same beams, or different beams (e.g., the first beam set and the second beam set may overlap, partially overlap, or not overlap). That is, the machine learning model may use the measured power values ​​performed on the signals transmitted using some beams to predict the power values ​​of the signals transmitted using the same beam or other beams.

[0095] For example, the network node 205 may utilize power values ​​measured using a subset of SSBs (or CSI-RSs) to predict power values ​​for another set of SSBs (or CSI-RSs) at a future time instance. Additionally or alternatively, the network node 205 may utilize power values ​​measured using SSBs (e.g., transmitted using SSB beams) to predict power values ​​for CSI-RSs (e.g., transmitted using relatively refined CSI-RS beams), such as for unicast physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmissions. That is, the network node 205 may utilize power values ​​measured for reference signals transmitted using relatively wide beams (e.g., SSBs transmitted using SSB beams) to predict power values ​​for reference signals transmitted using relatively narrow beams (e.g., CSI-RSs transmitted using CSI-RS beams). Additionally or alternatively, the output of the machine learning model may include a beam ID (e.g., a CSI-RS beam ID or an SSB beam ID) at a future time instance or other related metrics at a future time instance.

[0096] In some examples, the machine learning model may rely on relatively infrequent measurements. Accordingly, the network node 205 may reduce the frequency with which the network node 205 sends reference signals (e.g., to track a beam or channel), and may therefore reduce signaling overhead for the network node 205. Accordingly, the frequency with which the UE 215 may perform reference signal measurements and send feedback (e.g., reports including feedback for channel estimation or other beam management techniques at the network node 205) may be reduced, thereby reducing power consumption at the UE 215.

[0097] In some examples, the machine learning model (e.g., algorithm) may include a recursive neural network or some other algorithm. The machine learning model (e.g., algorithm) may be trained and maintained at the network node 205 and used (e.g., run) at the network node 205 or the UE 215 or both. In some examples, if the machine learning model is used at the UE 215, the network node 205 may configure the machine learning model at the UE 215. For example, in some deployments where the machine learning model may be used at the network node 205, the UE 215 may send feedback (e.g., may feedback channel state information (CSI), send CSI reports), beam reports (e.g., L1-RSRP beam reports, L1-SINR beam reports), or sounding reference signals (SRS) to the network node 205. The network node 205 may use the machine learning model based on the feedback, beam reports, or measurements performed on the SRS at the network node 205. In some examples, the network node 205 may use the output of the machine learning model (e.g., beam prediction 250) to make scheduling decisions. For example, network node 205 may schedule transmission (eg, downlink transmission, uplink transmission) based on beam prediction 250 or select a beam for wireless communication with UE 215 . In some examples, a machine learning model may be used (eg, run) at the network node 205 based on the power level of UE 215 (eg, associated with the battery at UE 215) or compute constraints.

[0098] In some other deployments, the machine learning model may be used at the UE 215. In such examples, the machine learning model may be configured at the UE 215 by the network node 205. The UE 215 may use the machine learning model based on measurements performed at the UE 215 (e.g., local measurements) and signaling sent from the network node 205. The UE 215 may report the output (e.g., prediction results) of the machine learning model based on the configuration or the triggering condition (or both). In some examples, using the machine learning model at the UE 215 may result in a reduction in the overhead associated with measurement reporting (e.g., due to the UE 215 performing an increased number of measurements relative to the network node 205). However, in some examples, using the machine learning model at the UE 215 may also result in an increase in computation (e.g., and power consumption) at the UE 215.

[0099] In some deployments, for example, where a machine learning model is used at the network node 205, the network node 205 may configure the UE 215 to send feedback (e.g., CSI reports), or beam reports or SRS periodically, semi-persistently, aperiodically, or any combination of two or more of periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically. For example, the network node 205 may configure the UE 215 to send CSI reports based on a configuration or a trigger condition (or both). In some examples, the network node 205 may configure the UE 215 for CSI reporting via RRC signaling, and may activate (or deactivate) CSI reporting via a medium access control control element (MAC-CE). Additionally or alternatively, the network node 205 may use downlink control information (DCI) that may include a trigger state ID to trigger CSI reporting at the UE 215. In some examples, the CSI reporting configuration may instruct the UE 215 to feedback (e.g., include in the CSI report) a specific report quantity, such as L1-RSRP or L1-SINR (or both). For example, the network node 205 may send an indication of one or more CSI reporting configurations to the UE 215 (e.g., using a CSI-ReportConfig information element (IE)), which may include a CSI reporting configuration ID and a report quantity (e.g., using a reportQuantity parameter of the CSI-ReportConfig IE). It should be understood that the names of the IEs and parameters described herein may change based on the specific implementation of one or more devices (e.g., UE 215, network node 205, or both), and the examples described herein should not be considered to be limiting to the scope of the claims or the present disclosure.

[0100] Additionally or alternatively, the CSI report configuration (or another report configuration) may indicate whether the report is to be sent periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically, the amount of resources to be used to send the report (e.g., may indicate one or more report resources), and a set of reference signal resources to be measured at the UE 215 (e.g., a CSI-RS resource list or a SSB resource list). For example, the UE 215 may be configured with a set of multiple reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS or SSB) to measure, and the UE may feedback a subset of power values ​​in the report (e.g., up to about four L1-RSRP values ​​or up to about four L1-SINR values). The subset of power values ​​may correspond to a subset of the configured reference signal set.

[0101] In some examples, a subset of reference signals for which UE 215 may provide feedback may be selected (e.g., chosen, determined) to be included in a report at UE 215. That is, the subset of power values ​​may correspond to a subset of reference signals selected at UE 215 from a set of configured reference signals. For example, UE 215 may determine to report power values ​​corresponding to a certain number of beams (e.g., about four), which may be associated with a maximum power value (or other suitable, acceptable, or compatible power value). In such examples (e.g., if the feedback corresponds to a subset of reference signals configured for UE 215), UE 215 may include an identifier (e.g., CSI RS ID or SSB ID) in the report to indicate which reference signals the reported power values ​​correspond to. In some examples, differential reporting may be used at UE 215 for feedback (e.g., L1-RSRP beam reporting or L1-SINR beam reporting). In such an example, a certain number of bits (e.g., about 7) may be used to report a maximum (or other suitable) power value (e.g., a maximum or other suitable RSRP value (e.g., at or above a threshold), or a maximum or other suitable SINR value (e.g., at or above a threshold)), and another number of bits (e.g., about 4) may be used to indicate a remaining power value. Additionally or alternatively, the power value may be quantized in the report based on a rule that may indicate a quantization value (e.g., a quantization step size of about 2 dB) for the power value (e.g., for the L1-RSRP value, for the L1-SINR value).

[0102] However, in some examples, such reports may not provide suitable or compatible inputs for machine learning models used at network node 205. For example, some machine learning models (e.g., beam prediction algorithms) used at network node 205 (e.g., based on power values ​​reported from UE 215) may rely on a particular set of beams as inputs. For example, network node 205 may train a machine learning model using a number of beams (e.g., the number of measured power values ​​each associated with a respective beam) that may be increased relative to the number of power values ​​reported from UE 215 (e.g., the network node may train a machine learning model using more than about four beams). Thus, the reported power values ​​may not be sufficient (e.g., suitable, compatible) inputs for the machine learning model. Additionally or alternatively, reporting an increased number of power values ​​(e.g., to accommodate the number of beams used to train the machine learning model) may result in increased overhead for UE 215. For example, to predict power values ​​for relatively narrow beams (eg, CSI-RS beams), machine learning models may rely on an increased number of power values ​​measured using relatively wide beams (eg, about 16 or about 64 SSB beams), which may result in an increase in overhead associated with measurement reports.

[0103] In some examples, UE 215 may be configured to report a reference signal measurement with a fixed quantization error value (eg, about 2 dB) that may exceed the beam prediction accuracy of the machine learning model. The quantization error value (eg, quantization step size) may depend on the prediction model (eg, machine learning model), or one or more capabilities of the UE 215, or both.

[0104] Additionally or alternatively, the network node 205 may determine to perform beam prediction on a particular beam (e.g., using a machine learning model), and may not be able to specify which beam (e.g., which reference signal resources, which CSI-RS, which SSB) to report to the UE 215 (e.g., as an input to a beam prediction algorithm). That is, the UE 115 may select which reference signals (e.g., from a set of configured reference signals) to include in the report, regardless of the beam for which the network node 205 may determine to perform beam prediction.

[0105] Additionally or alternatively, the UE 215 may be configured to report a single reference signal measurement (e.g., performed at a single time instance) for each beam (e.g., associated with a corresponding reference signal in a subset of selected reference signals), and some machine learning models may rely on multiple (e.g., a series of) reference signal measurements performed during a period of time. That is, the UE 215 may be able to report a power value measured during a single reporting opportunity (e.g., a relatively recently measured RSRP value), but, for a time-domain beam prediction algorithm, the input to the machine learning model may include multiple power values ​​measured at multiple time instances (e.g., may include a time series of past RSRP measurements). Additionally or alternatively, a beam report sent from the UE 215 may not be sent from the UE 215 (e.g., the UE may be skipped) (e.g., because the UE 215 sends relatively higher priority uplink control information during the same time instance). That is, the UE 215 may avoid performing measurements on the reference signal during a time instance so that the UE 215 may send uplink control information during the time instance. In such examples, the power value of the reference signal may be unavailable to the UE 215. That is, the UE 215 may not be able to report the power value that is unavailable to the UE 215 in a report sent from the UE 215 at a subsequent occasion (e.g., because the UE avoids performing measurements on the reference signal). Therefore, the power value obtained at the network node 205 (e.g., using the report) may not be a suitable (e.g., compatible) input for future beam prediction using a machine learning model (e.g., a beam prediction algorithm) (e.g., may not include a series of power values ​​measured during multiple time instances). Therefore, techniques that enable the UE 215 to report multiple power values ​​of the same beam (e.g., past RSRP values ​​corresponding to different measurement time instances) in a single reporting occasion can reduce the number of reporting occasions and provide one or more benefits for beam prediction using a machine learning model.

[0106] In some examples, the techniques for beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction as described herein may provide one or more benefits for beam prediction using machine learning models. In some examples, such techniques may support a framework for beam management using machine learning models (e.g., artificial intelligence). For example, beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction as described herein may support terminology, capability indications, configuration procedures (e.g., training and inference procedures), verification and testing procedures, and management of data and machine learning models (e.g., artificial intelligence models) for beam management within the wireless communication system 200. In some examples, such techniques may provide CSI feedback enhancements (e.g., overhead reduction and improved accuracy of beam prediction) and positioning accuracy enhancements (e.g., for scenarios where non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions may be relatively harsh).

[0107] like Figure 2 As illustrated in the example of , the techniques for beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction as described herein may provide one or more enhancements or benefits to beam measurement reports sent from UE 215 and used for beam prediction at network node 205. Some enhancements may include one or more quantization tables (e.g., codebooks, quantization codebooks) for beam prediction to reduce quantization errors. For example, UE 215 may be configured with multiple sets of quantization values ​​(e.g., quantization codebooks, quantization tables), and network node 205 may indicate to UE 215 to use one or more sets of quantization values ​​based on a machine learning model used for beam prediction at network node 205 (e.g., based on beam prediction algorithm constraints). Additionally or alternatively, some enhancements may include vector-based reporting of power values ​​(e.g., RSRP values, SINR values) for configured reference signals (e.g., all configured CSI-RS or all configured SBS). In some examples, vector-based reports may exclude reference signal IDs (eg, CSI-RS IDs or SSB IDs) associated with the reported measurement (eg, reported power values), which may result in a reduction in overhead (eg, the number of bits included in the report may be reduced by up to about 6 bits per reference signal).

[0108] Additionally or alternatively, the techniques for beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction as described herein may provide one or more rules for reporting reference signal measurements corresponding to reference signal measurements that previously failed to be sent from UE 215 in a vector-based report (e.g., a vector report) (e.g., a skipped measurement). For example, a differential reporting format design may be applied to vector reports. In some examples, a differential reporting format design may be applied to vector reports to reduce overhead. Additionally or alternatively, a differential reporting format design (e.g., applied to vector reports) may enable UE 215 to report (e.g., in a single reporting opportunity) multiple reference signal measurements performed at UE 215 during multiple (e.g., different) time instances (e.g., a time series of RSRP values, a time series of SINR values) as inputs to beam prediction at network node 205. In some examples, a timestamp corresponding to each power value (e.g., RSRP, SINR) may be included in the report, for example, together with the power value. Additionally or alternatively, a timestamp corresponding to each power value included in the report may be implicitly identified, for example based on one or more rules or configurations.

[0109] like Figure 2As illustrated in the example of , UE 215 may receive control signaling 220 from network node 205. In some examples, control signaling 220 may identify a set of quantization values ​​(e.g., quantization range, quantization level, number of bits) to be used at UE 215 for beam management reporting for multiple beams (e.g., multiple beams at network node 205). For example, control signaling 220 may indicate a codebook (e.g., a quantization codebook), which may be one of multiple codebooks configured at UE 215 for beam management reporting. In such examples, a set of quantization values ​​may be identified in the codebook. For example, the codebook may define a quantization range, a quantization level, and bits to be used for beam management reporting.

[0110] In some examples, UE 215 may receive a reference signal set corresponding to a beam set (e.g., beam 230-a corresponding to index #1, beam 230-b corresponding to index #2, and beam 230-c corresponding to index #3) used to transmit the reference signal set at network node 205. That is, each reference signal of the reference signal set may be associated with a beam of the plurality of beams at network node 205. For example, the reference signal set may include a reference signal transmitted to UE 215 using beam 230-a (e.g., corresponding to index #1), a reference signal transmitted to UE 215 using beam 230-b (e.g., corresponding to index #2), and a reference signal transmitted to UE 215 using beam 230-c (e.g., corresponding to index #3). UE 215 may send a measurement report 225 indicating a set of power values ​​(e.g., power value set 240), which may be based on the set of quantized values ​​and a set of reference signals received at UE 215 (e.g., using beam 230). For example, each power value (e.g., in power value set 240) may be associated with a corresponding beam of the set of beams. For example, power value set 240 may include received power (e.g., RSRP value or SINR value) measured at UE 215 for a reference signal sent to UE 215 using beam 230-a, a reference signal sent to UE 215 using beam 230-b, and a reference signal sent to UE 215 using beam 230-c.

[0111] In some examples, control signaling 220 may indicate a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting of the plurality of beams. In such examples, measurement report 225 may include a vector report. For example, UE 215 may send a vector report (e.g., measurement report 225) indicating a set of power values ​​240 based on the set of rules (e.g., indicated using control signaling 220) and a set of reference signals received at UE 215. Network node 205 may use the set of power values ​​240 (e.g., indicated using measurement report 225) as input to beam prediction procedure 255. In some examples, using power values ​​240 as input to beam prediction procedure 255 may improve the accuracy of output beam prediction 250, as well as other possible benefits.

[0112] Figure 3 An example of a process flow 300 supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction is illustrated in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. Process flow 300 may implement one or more aspects of wireless communication system 100 and wireless communication system 200 or may be implemented in the one or more aspects. For example, process flow 300 may include a network node 305 and a UE 315, which may be as referenced Figure 1 and Figure 2 Examples of the corresponding devices described. Figure 3 In the example of FIG. 1 , the network node 305 may be as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2 300. The process flow 300 may be implemented at the network node 305, the UE 315, or both. In the following description of the process flow 300, the operations between the network node 305 and the UE 315 may occur in a different order than shown or at a different time. Some operations may be omitted from the process flow 300, and other operations may be added to the process flow 300. The process flow 300 may include features for improving communication between the UE 315 and the network node 305 and other possible benefits.

[0113] like Figure 3As illustrated in the example of , the network node 305 may configure a set of quantization values ​​for beam measurement reporting for the UE 315. For example, to achieve higher accuracy of beam prediction (e.g., at the network node 305 using the machine learning model), the network node 305 may indicate to the UE 315 that power values ​​(e.g., RSRP feedback) are reported according to a reduced quantization level (e.g., a relatively refined quantization level). In some examples, the quantization level (e.g., a minimum quantization level or other suitable quantization level (e.g., at or below a threshold level)) indicated to the UE 315 (e.g., and used in the measurement report) may be based on one or more capabilities of the UE 315, such as the UE's measurement error capability. Additionally or alternatively, the quantization level may depend on the machine learning model (e.g., beam prediction algorithm) used at the network node 305.

[0114] At 330, the UE 315 may receive a quantization value indication from the network node 305. For example, the UE 315 may receive control signaling (e.g., including a quantization value indication) that identifies, for a plurality of beams, a set of quantization values ​​for beam management reporting of the plurality of beams. The set of quantization values ​​may be one of a plurality of sets of quantization values ​​configured at the UE 315. For example, the network node 305 may configure a plurality of codebooks (e.g., quantization codebooks) at the UE 315. In such examples, the set of quantization values ​​may be identified using a codebook. For example, the network node 305 may indicate a codebook to be used at the UE 315. The codebook may identify the number of bits to be used to represent (e.g., in a measurement report) a power value (e.g., an RSRP value, an SINR value) and a quantization range (e.g., a range of values ​​for RSRP quantization, a range of values ​​for SINR quantization), etc. In some examples, the codebook (e.g., one of a plurality of codebooks configured at the UE 315) may correspond to a default codebook (e.g., for L1 beam reporting). Additionally or alternatively, each codebook may correspond to (eg, define) a quantization range, a quantization level, and a number of bits to be used for measuring a report (eg, a number of bits to be used to indicate an absolute value of a power measurement, or a number of bits to be used to indicate a differential value of a differential report, or both).

[0115] In some examples, the network node 305 may indicate to the UE 315 which codebook may be used at the UE 315 for the reporting occasion. For example, the UE 315 may receive an indication to activate a reporting configuration associated with the set of quantization values. That is, the quantization value indication may be dynamically sent to the UE 315, for example, using a MAC-CE or DCI for activating the reporting configuration. In such examples, the set of quantization values ​​may be identified using the activated reporting configuration. Additionally or alternatively, the quantization value indication may be sent to the UE 315 (e.g., at 330) using RRC signaling, such as using a reporting configuration IE (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig IE). For example, the codebook (e.g., including the set of quantization values) may be indicated as part of a reporting quantity IE. For example, the network node 305 may indicate the codebook using a reportQuantity parameter and setting the reportQuantity parameter to "RSRP (codebook 1)" or "RSRP (codebook 2)".

[0116] In some examples, the UE 315 may indicate (e.g., recommend) a codebook (e.g., a quantization codebook) to the network node 305. For example, at 320, the UE 315 may send the identified quantization value indication to the network node 305. In some examples, the UE 315 may send the identified quantization value indication using control signaling. For example, the UE 315 may send control signaling indicating a set of quantization values ​​identified at the UE 315. In such examples, the quantization value indication (e.g., received at the UE 315 at 330) may be based on the identified quantization value indication sent from the UE 315 at 325. In some examples, the identified quantization value indication (e.g., sent from the UE 315 at 320) may be based on one or more capabilities of the UE 315. For example, the codebook indicated using the identified quantization value indication may be based on a measurement accuracy capability of the UE 315 (e.g., a measurement accuracy supported at the UE 315). Additionally or alternatively, the codebook (e.g., indicated using the identified quantization value indication) may be based on a power state associated with a battery at the UE (e.g., battery charge). For example, using a relatively coarse quantization level may reduce the frequency with which the UE 315 may send measurement reports to the network node 305 (e.g., may result in relatively less frequent feedback). Thus, if the power level of the battery associated with the UE 315 is relatively low, the UE 315 may determine to use (e.g., may determine to indicate to the network node 305) a relatively coarse quantization level.

[0117] At 335 , the UE 315 may receive a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams (eg, among multiple beams). In some examples, each reference signal of the set of reference signals may be associated with a beam in the plurality of beams. That is, network node 305 may use the set of beams to transmit the set of reference signals.

[0118] At 340, UE 315 may send a measurement report indicating a set of power values ​​based on the set of quantized values ​​(e.g., indicated to the UE using the quantized value indication) and the set of reference signals received at UE 315. In some examples, each power value in the set of power values ​​may be associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams. That is, each power value may correspond to a measurement performed on a reference signal (e.g., in the set of reference signals) transmitted using a beam (e.g., in the set of beams).

[0119] In some examples, the UE 315 may feedback an error metric for a reported set of power values ​​(e.g., a reported RSRP value, a reported SINR value) to the network node 305. For example, the UE 315 may send control signaling indicating an error value associated with the set of power values. In response, the UE 315 may receive control signaling from the network node 305 that identifies another set of quantization values ​​(e.g., from a plurality of sets of quantization values ​​configured at the UE 315) based on the indicated error value. In some examples, the control signaling may indicate a codebook from a plurality of codebooks configured at the UE 315. The indicated error value (e.g., error metric) may include a standard deviation of an error (e.g., for a set of power values) determined at the UE 315, for example, due to noise and interference in the power measurement. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 315 may report a single error value (e.g., a single error metric) as an average error (or standard deviation) for the set of power values. In some examples, UE 315 may report an estimated error value (e.g., an estimated error metric) for each reference signal measurement in a measurement report (e.g., a measurement report sent from UE 315 at 340). That is, the indicated error value may correspond to a standard deviation of the errors associated with the set of power values, a mean error associated with the set of power values, an estimated error for each power value in the set of power values, or any combination thereof.

[0120] In some examples, the UE 315 may report one or more capabilities of the UE 315 associated with the quantization of the power value included in the measurement report. For example, at 325, the UE 315 may send a UE capability indication to the network node 305. In some examples, the UE capability indication may indicate the ability of the UE 315 to quantize reference signal measurements (e.g., RSRP quantization, SINR quantization). In some examples, the UE 315 may report a quantization level (e.g., a minimum quantization level or other suitable quantization level (e.g., at or below a threshold level)) in the measurement report sent at 340. In some examples, the quantization level may be based on the measurement accuracy capability of the UE 315. For example, the UE 315 may indicate a quantization level equal to or greater than the measurement accuracy supported at the UE 315 (e.g., if the UE 315 is capable of achieving a measurement accuracy of approximately 1 dB, the UE 315 may indicate a quantization level equal to or greater than 1 dB). Additionally or alternatively, the UE capability indication may indicate one or more dynamic indications (e.g., from the network node 305) of whether the UE 315 may support one or more quantization rules for reference signal measurement reporting (e.g., RSRP reporting, SINR reporting). For example, the UE 315 may send control signaling indicating the quantization levels supported at the UE 315, the rules for reference signal reporting supported at the UE 315, or both. In some examples, the set of quantization values ​​indicated to the UE 315 (e.g., using the quantization value indication sent at 330) may be based on the UE capability indication.

[0121] For example, the UE capability indication may indicate the number of codebooks (e.g., quantization codebooks) that can be supported at the UE 315 (e.g., simultaneously). In some examples, the UE 315 may support a single codebook. In some other examples, the UE 315 may support multiple codebooks. In such examples (e.g., if the UE 315 supports more than one codebook), the network may configure multiple codebooks for the UE 315 (e.g., additional codebooks for beam prediction). For example, the UE 315 may send control signaling (e.g., the UE capability indication at 325), which indicates the number of quantization value sets that can be supported at the UE 315. In response, the UE 315 may receive control signaling that configures multiple sets of quantization values ​​(e.g., multiple codebooks) for the UE 315. In some examples, configuring multiple sets of quantization values ​​(e.g., multiple codebooks) for the UE 315 may improve beam prediction at the network node 305, and may result in increased throughput and higher data rates within the wireless communication system, as well as other possible benefits.

[0122] Figure 4An example of a process stream 400 supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction is illustrated in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. Process flow 400 may implement one or more aspects of wireless communication system 100 , wireless communication system 200 , and process flow 300 , or may be implemented in the one or more aspects. For example, process flow 400 may include a network node 405 and a UE 415, which may be as referenced Figures 1 to 3 Examples of the corresponding devices described. Figure 4 In the example of FIG. 1 , the network node 405 may be as shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 3 The process flow 400 may include features for improving communication between the UE 415 and the network node 405 and other possible benefits.

[0123] like Figure 4 As illustrated in the example of , the network node 405 may configure one or more rules for vector-based beam measurement reporting for the UE 415. For example, at 430, the UE 315 may receive control signaling (e.g., a vector-based reporting rule indication) from the network node 405, which indicates a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for multiple beams. In some examples, the network node 405 may configure (e.g., using a vector-based reporting rule indication) a set of reference signals to be measured at the UE 415 (e.g., a list of CSI-RS or SSBs) for the UE 415.

[0124] In some examples, a report configuration IE (e.g., CSI-ReportConfig IE) may be used to indicate vector-based reporting rule indication to the UE 415. For example, a report quantity parameter (e.g., reportQuantity parameter) may be included in the report configuration IE to indicate vector-based reporting to the UE 415 (e.g., to distinguish vector-based reporting from other types of beam measurement reports). For example, for vector-based reporting, the report quantity parameter may be set to "vector L1-RSRP reporting". In such examples, the report quantity parameter may indicate (e.g., identify) one or more rules for vector-based reporting to the UE 415. For example, if the report quantity parameter is set to "L1-RSRP reporting", the UE 415 may report a certain number of power values ​​(e.g., up to about four power values ​​corresponding to up to about four configured reference signals) and corresponding reference signal IDs. However, if the report quantity parameter is set to "vector L1-RSRP reporting", the UE 415 may report another number of power values ​​(e.g., all power values ​​corresponding to all configured reference signals) in a vector report, which may exclude the indication of the corresponding reference signal ID.

[0125] Additionally or alternatively, the UE 415 may determine (e.g., implicitly) to perform vector-based reporting based on one or more other configurations. For example, the vector-based reporting rule indication may include a timestamp that may indicate to the UE 415 that the beam measurement report will be used as an input to beam prediction (e.g., using a machine learning model). In such examples, the reporting configuration may indicate a timestamp corresponding to a measurement to be included in the vector-based report (e.g., the reported measurement). For example, the timestamp may indicate to the UE 415 that the number of power values ​​measured using the configured reference signal (e.g., relatively recently) during a duration associated with the timestamp (e.g., multiple time instances before, around, or after the time instance associated with the timestamp) is included. In some examples, including the timestamp may indicate to the UE 415 that the report will be used for beam prediction (e.g., at the network node 405). Therefore, the UE 415 may determine to send a vector-based report (e.g., autonomously based on including the timestamp). In some examples, if timestamps are excluded from a reporting configuration, UE 415 may determine to use a default measurement report (eg, associated with one or more other rules).

[0126] At 435 , the UE 415 may receive a set of reference signals (eg, corresponding to the configured set of reference signals) from the network node 405 . The UE 415 may measure and report the power value (eg, RSRP value, SINR value) of the configured reference signal (eg, all reference signals) in a vector report.

[0127] For example, at 440, UE 415 may send a vector measurement report (e.g., a vector report) indicating a set of power values ​​based on a set of rules (e.g., configured at UE 415 using the vector-based reporting rule indication received at 430) and a set of reference signals received at UE 415. In some examples, each power value in the set of power values ​​may be associated with a beam in the set of beams. In some examples, the vector report may exclude an identifier (e.g., an explicit identifier) ​​of the reported reference signal (e.g., a CSI-RS ID or an SSB ID). For example, an index of the power value may be included in the report, the index of the power value indicating a reference signal ID for each corresponding power value of the reported vector (e.g., each RSRP value or each SINR value included in the vector report). That is, the mth entry of the vector report may correspond to the power value of the mth reference signal in the configured reference signal set (e.g., the mth entry in the configured reference signal list).

[0128] In some examples, UE 415 may not be able to measure the configured reference signal. For example, the measurement timing of the configured reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS or SSB) may conflict with (e.g., overlap in time) other scheduled downlink signals, and therefore, UE 415 may avoid measuring the reference signal during the measurement timing (e.g., may not receive the reference signal). That is, UE 415 may determine that UE 415 failed to receive a reference signal associated with a beam (e.g., in a beam set indicated to UE 415), and therefore, the corresponding power value (e.g., measurement timing) is not available for UE 415 (e.g., may be skipped at the UE). In such examples, UE 415 may use a default (e.g., reserved) index to indicate the power value of the unavailable reference signal (e.g., skipped measurement timing). In some examples, the default index may correspond to a relatively lowest power value in a vector report range (e.g., a relatively lowest or other suitable power value (e.g., at or below a threshold) in a power value range included in the vector report). That is, the index corresponding to the beam used to send the unavailable reference signal may include a default index, and the power value associated with the default index may correspond to a relatively lowest (or other suitable) power value (eg, at or below a threshold) in the set of power values.

[0129] Additionally or alternatively, if the power value of the reference signal is not available to the UE 415 (e.g., not measured at the UE 415), the UE 415 may interpolate the power value of the unavailable reference signal. In some examples, the network node 405 may configure a formula (e.g., a function) for the UE 415, which may indicate how to interpolate the power value (e.g., how to obtain the unavailable power value based on the power value measured relatively recently at the UE 415). For example, the UE 415 may receive control signaling indicating a function (e.g., an interpolation function) to be used at the UE 415 to interpolate the power value. In some examples, the function may be based on historical power values ​​reported from the UE 415 (e.g., power values ​​measured relatively recently at the UE 415). In such examples, the power value of the unavailable reference signal may be based on the indicated function.

[0130] In some examples, the network node 405 may configure the UE 415 to apply a differential reporting format design to the vector report (e.g., to further reduce overhead). In such examples, the highest power value (or other suitable power value (e.g., at or above a threshold)) may be reported as measured at the UE 415 (e.g., as an absolute value), while other power values ​​(e.g., corresponding to other received powers associated with other beams included in the vector report) may be reported as differences relative to the highest (or other suitable) power value (e.g., at or above the threshold). In some examples, the highest (or other suitable) power value may correspond to the strongest (or other suitable) received power (e.g., which may be at or above a threshold) of a beam in a beam set (e.g., any one of the beams included in the vector report).

[0131] In some examples, the format of the vector-based differential report may instruct the UE 415 to report the beam ID (or reference signal ID) of the strongest (or other suitable) beam (or the strongest or other suitable reference signal (e.g., at or above a threshold)) and the corresponding power value (e.g., using an absolute value). In such examples, the beam ID (or reference signal ID) included in the report (e.g., an ID associated with the strongest or other suitable beam or the strongest or other suitable reference signal) may be the same ID in the power value included in the vector report (e.g., the report may exclude the original beam ID or the original reference signal ID). That is, the report may exclude beam IDs (or reference signal IDs) that may not correspond to power values ​​of the highest (or other suitable) power value (e.g., at or above a threshold). For example, the network node 405 may send a certain number of reference signals (e.g., approximately 64 SSBs), and the UE 415 may include a portion of the converted SSBs (e.g., SSBs corresponding to indexes 1, 3, 5, and 64) in the report. In such examples, UE 415 may report a single beam ID (or reference signal ID) for each reference signal of the included portion (e.g., corresponding to each SSB of indexes 1, 3, 5, and 64). In some examples, the included beam IDs (or reference signal IDs) may correspond to the ID of the beam (or reference signal) associated with the highest (or other suitable) power value (e.g., the strongest or other suitable SSB received power (e.g., at or above a threshold)). Additionally or alternatively, UE 415 may indicate a number of bits (e.g., approximately 2 bits) for the beam ID (or reference signal ID), which may be relatively smaller than the number of bits (e.g., approximately 6 bits) that may be used to indicate multiple beam IDs (or reference signal IDs) of the included portion of the reference signal.

[0132] In some examples, the order of the remaining power values ​​(e.g., beams that may not correspond to the strongest or other suitable beams) included in the vector report may be determined based on one or more rules (e.g., indicated to the UE 415 using a vector-based reporting rule indication). In some examples, the one or more rules may instruct the UE 415 to sort the power values ​​based on the order of the reference signal index (or beam index). For example, based on the sorting, a first number of bits may be used to indicate a first power value in a set of power values ​​(e.g., a power value that is first in order in the vector report, a power value corresponding to a highest or other suitable power value), and a second number of bits may be used to indicate a second power value in a set of power values ​​(e.g., a power value that is second in order in the vector report). In such examples, the first power value may exceed (e.g., be greater than) the second power value (e.g., the first power value may correspond to a highest or other suitable power value), and the first number of bits may exceed (e.g., be greater than) the second number of bits. For example, the second power value may correspond to a power value difference relative to the first power value.

[0133] As an illustrative example, the network node 405 may indicate to the UE 415 that a particular number of SSBs (e.g., 8 SSBs out of 64 SSBs sent from the network node 405) is to be measured. For some beam measurement report formats, the network node 405 may configure two PUCCH reporting opportunities for the UE 415, and each PUCCH reporting opportunity (e.g., each configuration) may correspond to a subset of the number of beams (e.g., approximately 4 SBSs, approximately 4 beams). Additionally or alternatively, for each beam, the UE 415 may be configured to use a particular number of bits (e.g., approximately 6 bits) to indicate the SSB ID. Thus, for each PUCCH reporting opportunity, the UE 415 may use a particular number of bits (e.g., approximately 7 bits) to report the power value corresponding to the strongest (or other suitable) beam, and another number of bits (e.g., approximately 4 bits) to report other power values ​​corresponding to other beams. Thus, the report sent from the UE 415 for each reporting opportunity may include a certain number of bits (e.g., approximately 84 bits).

[0134] In other examples, the UE 415 may use a vector-based reporting format, in which the UE 415 may use approximately 7 bits to indicate the power value for each beam. In such examples, the vector report sent from the UE 415 (e.g., for each reporting opportunity) may include approximately 56 bits. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 415 may use a differential vector-based reporting format, in which the UE 415 may use a specific number of bits (e.g., approximately 7 bits) to indicate the power value corresponding to the strongest (or other suitable) beam, use a specific number of bits (e.g., approximately 3 bits) to indicate the corresponding beam ID (or reference signal ID), and use a specific number of bits (e.g., approximately 4 bits) to indicate the power value for each of the other beams. In such examples, the differential vector report sent from the UE 415 (e.g., for each reporting opportunity) may include a specific number of bits (e.g., approximately 38 bits), which may be less than the report sent from the UE 415 for each reporting opportunity discussed above (in one example, approximately 84 bits). Thus, sending differential vector reports may result in reduced overhead while enabling reporting of an increased number of power values ​​(eg, power values ​​for an increased number of beams, power values ​​for approximately 8 or more beams).

[0135] In some examples, the network node 405 may configure a list of transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states at the UE 415, where each TCI state may be defined based on a reference signal ID (e.g., a source reference signal ID) and may represent a beam associated with a reference signal corresponding to the reference signal ID. The TCI state may be applied to indicate a beam for a scheduled downlink or uplink transmission (e.g., scheduled for the UE 415). For example, if the TCI state is applied to at least an uplink channel or uplink signal (e.g., a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal, a physical uplink control channel signal (PUCCH), an SRS), the network node 405 may configure a power control parameter and one or more path loss reference signals (PL-RS) associated with the TCI state and the corresponding uplink channel or the corresponding uplink signal. In some examples, to calculate the type 1 power headroom based on an uplink signal (e.g., a PUSCH signal, a reference PUSCH signal), the UE 415 may use one or more uplink power control parameters (i.e., PL-RS, transmit power (P0), a fraction of path loss (α) that the UE 415 may be able to compensate for, a closed loop index (h)) associated with a TCI state (e.g., for PUSCH transmission) of the UE 415. The PL-RS may be a reference signal (e.g., SSB) transmitted from a cell different from a cell serving (e.g., currently serving) the UE 415. In such examples, the PL-RS configuration for the uplink signal (e.g., PUSCH transmission) may be configured for the UE 415 (e.g., optionally) by using a physical cell ID (PCI) configuration using RRC signaling (e.g., which may indicate a PCI associated with the PL-RS SSB).

[0136] UE 415 may be configured to measure one or more sets of reference signals and detect whether a beam failure may occur (e.g., for a specific cell or TRP). In some examples, if a beam failure event is detected, UE 415 may perform a beam failure recovery procedure. For example, UE 415 may send a beam failure recovery MAC-CE, which may indicate a cell ID or TRP ID (or both) associated with the beam failure and another beam ID (e.g., one or more replacement beam IDs) to be used by UE 415 (e.g., after performing the beam failure recovery procedure). UE 415 may be configured to monitor beam failures in multiple serving cells. For example, if a beam failure is detected in multiple serving cells, beam failure recovery information for a first serving cell (e.g., with cell-specific beam failure recovery) and a second serving cell (e.g., with TRP-specific beam failure recovery) may be reported in the same MAC-CE (e.g., the same beam failure recovery MAC-CE). In some examples, if at least one serving cell (e.g., a first serving cell or a second serving cell or both) is associated with a cell-specific reference signal set (e.g., indicated as q0) and multiple TRP-specific reference signal sets (e.g., indicated as q0,1 and q1,1), the UE 415 may provide (e.g., in a beam failure recovery MAC-CE) one or more indexes for the one or more cells. For example, for each serving cell in at least one serving cell, the UE 415 may provide (e.g., in a beam failure recovery MAC-CE): one or more indexes for one or more cells having a cell-specific reference signal set (e.g., q0), which cell-specific reference signal set may have a reduced radio link quality (e.g., a radio link quality less than a predefined threshold, such as may be indicated using a Qout,LR IE); one or more indications of one or more alternative beams (e.g., the presence of one or more replacement beams); or one or more indications of reference signal IDs from a corresponding TRP-specific reference signal set (e.g., q1,0 or q1,1 or both).

[0137] In some examples of differential vector based reporting, the UE 415 may report multiple power values ​​(e.g., multiple RSRP values, multiple SINR values) for a beam, which may be indicated using a single reference signal ID or a single TCI state ID in one reporting opportunity. The UE 415 may report multiple power values, which may correspond to the same beam (e.g., corresponding to the same reference signal ID, the same TCI state ID, or the same beam ID) and multiple (e.g., different) time instances. For example, a differential vector based report may include multiple power values ​​measured at multiple time instances for a single beam or for multiple beams that may be indicated using the same reference signal ID (or beam ID).

[0138] In some examples, the time instance at which the reported power value is measured may be reported to the network node 405 (e.g., using a timestamp) or may be identified according to one or more rules (e.g., indicated to the UE 415 using a vector-based reporting rule indication). For example, at 420, the UE 415 may receive a reporting quantity indication that may indicate that the UE 415 reports a number (N) of power values ​​corresponding to measurements (e.g., previous measurements) performed at the UE 415 (e.g., prior to a reporting opportunity that may be indicated via a timestamp included in the vector-based reporting rule indication). In such examples, the UE 415 may send an indication of a set of power values ​​and a timestamp associated with the set of power values ​​(e.g., in a vector measurement report sent from the UE 415 at 440). In such examples, the time instance may be identified based on the timestamp and the reporting quantity indication. For example, each power value in the set of power values ​​may correspond to a corresponding time instance prior to the time instance of the timestamp.

[0139] Additionally or alternatively, UE 415 may use vector reporting to report power values ​​measured across different time instances to reduce overhead. For example, network node 405 may configure a differential vector-based measurement reporting format for UE 415, wherein UE 415 may report power values ​​using a two-dimensional (2D) index that may include an index corresponding to the measured time instance and an ID of the corresponding beam (e.g., (time, beam ID)). In such examples, the ordering of power values ​​in a vector report (e.g., a vector measurement report sent from the UE at 440) may be based on beams (e.g., power values ​​may be indicated sequentially in the report based on associated beam IDs) or time instances (e.g., power values ​​may be indicated sequentially in the report based on associated time instances). That is, the differential vector based measurement reporting format can be applied to report power values ​​in the time domain (e.g., in an order based on the time instances in which the measurements are performed), the beam domain (e.g., in an order based on the ID of the corresponding beam), or across both the time domain and the beam domain (e.g., jointly based on the time instances in which the measurements are performed and the corresponding beam ID).

[0140] As an illustrative example, the network may configure the UE 415 to report reference signal measurements for a certain number (N) of reference signals (e.g., the number of reference signals indexed from 1 to N) at a certain number (M) of time instances (e.g., the number of time instances ranging from 0 to M). In such examples, the UE 415 may be configured to report the highest (or other suitable) power value (e.g., corresponding to the strongest or other suitable beam) as the first value (e.g., the first power value) of the values ​​included in the report. In such examples, the first power value may be indicated as an absolute value. Additionally or alternatively, the remaining power values ​​(e.g., indicated as differences relative to the first power value, differential power values) may be indicated in order based on the time instance in which the measurement occurred (e.g., the power value measured at time instance 0 may be reported before the power value measured at a subsequent time instance (such as time instance 1)). In such examples, the power values ​​corresponding to the same time instance may be indicated in order based on the beam identifier. For example, the power value associated with the relatively smallest beam ID may be reported before the largest (or other suitable) beam ID. That is, for the same time instance (e.g., and after the first power value), the remaining power values ​​may be ordered sequentially within the report from time instance 0 to time instance m, and the power values ​​associated with the same time instance may be ordered from the first smallest reference signal ID (e.g., the reference signal ID with the relatively smallest value) to the largest beam ID (e.g., the reference signal ID with the relatively largest value). For example, the differential vector report may be formatted according to the data structure of Table 3:

[0141]

[0142] In some examples, UE 415 may report one or more capabilities of UE 415 for vector-based measurement reporting. For example, at 425, UE 415 may send a UE capability indication to network node 405. In some examples, the UE capability indication may indicate the length of the vector report supported at UE 415 (e.g., a maximum length or other suitable length). In some examples, UE 415 may indicate the length of the vector report as the number of reference signals. In some examples, configuring a format (e.g., one or more rules) for UE 415 for vector-based measurement reporting (e.g., and differential vector-based measurement reporting) may improve beam prediction at network node 405 and may result in increased throughput and higher data rates within the wireless communication system, among other possible benefits.

[0143] Figure 5A block diagram 500 of a device 505 supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 505 can be an example of various aspects of the UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communication manager 520. The device 505 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses). The device 505 may also include one or more processors, a memory coupled to the one or more processors, and instructions stored in the memory, which can be executed by the one or more processors to enable the one or more processors to perform the beam reporting features discussed herein. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0144] The receiver 510 may provide means for receiving information such as packets associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beam report enhancements for beam prediction), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. The information may be communicated to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0145] The transmitter 515 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beam report enhancements for beam prediction), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with the receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0146] The communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction as described herein. For example, the communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0147] In some examples, the communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit system). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof that is configured to or otherwise supports components for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, a processor and a memory coupled to the processor may be configured to perform one or more functions described herein (e.g., by executing instructions stored in the memory by the processor).

[0148] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 520, the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure).

[0149] In some examples, communication manager 520 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, send) using or otherwise cooperating with receiver 510, transmitter 515, or both. For example, communication manager 520 may receive information from receiver 510, transmit information to transmitter 515, or be integrated in conjunction with receiver 510, transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0150] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 520 may support wireless communications at a UE (e.g., device 505). For example, the communication manager 520 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for receiving control signaling that identifies, for a set of multiple beams, a set of quantized values ​​from a set of multiple sets of quantized values ​​for beam management reports configured at the UE for the set of multiple beams. The communication manager 520 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. The communication manager 520 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for sending a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0151] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 520 may support wireless communications at a UE (e.g., device 505) according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 520 may be configured to or otherwise support means for receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams. The communication manager 520 may be configured to or otherwise support means for receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. The communication manager 520 may be configured to or otherwise support means for sending a vector report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

[0152] By including or configuring a communication manager 520 according to examples as described herein, a device 505 (e.g., a processor controlling or otherwise coupled to a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, a communication manager 520, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for more efficiently utilizing communication resources.

[0153] Figure 6 A block diagram 600 of a device 605 supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 605 may be an example of aspects of the device 505 or UE 115 as described herein. The device 605 may include a receiver 610, a transmitter 615, and a communication manager 620. The device 605 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0154] The receiver 610 may provide means for receiving information such as packets associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beam report enhancements for beam prediction), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. The information may be communicated to other components of the device 605. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0155] The transmitter 615 may provide means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 605. For example, the transmitter 615 may transmit information such as packets associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to beam report enhancements for beam prediction), user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 615 may be co-located with the receiver 610 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 615 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0156] The device 605 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction as described herein. For example, the communication manager 620 may include a quantization value indication component 625, a reference signal component 630, a reporting component 635, a rule indication component 640, or any combination thereof. The communication manager 620 may be an example of various aspects of the communication manager 520 as described herein. In some examples, the communication manager 620 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, send). For example, the communication manager 620 may receive information from the receiver 610, transmit information to the transmitter 615, or be integrated with the receiver 610, the transmitter 615, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0157] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 620 may support wireless communications at a UE (e.g., device 605). The quantization value indication component 625 may be configured to or otherwise support means for receiving control signaling that identifies a set of quantization values ​​for a set of multiple beams from a set of multiple sets of quantization values ​​for beam management reports configured at the UE for the set of multiple beams. The reference signal component 630 may be configured to or otherwise support means for receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. The reporting component 635 may be configured to or otherwise support means for sending a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantization values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0158] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 620 may support wireless communications at a UE (e.g., device 605) according to examples as disclosed herein. The rule indication component 640 may be configured to or otherwise support means for receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams. The reference signal component 630 may be configured to or otherwise support means for receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. The reporting component 635 may be configured to or otherwise support means for sending a vector report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

[0159] In some cases, the quantized value indicating component 625, the reference signal component 630, the reporting component 635, and the rule indicating component 640 can each be a processor (e.g., a transceiver processor, or a radio processor, or a transmitter processor, or a receiver processor) or at least a part of the processor. The processor can be coupled to a memory and execute instructions stored in the memory, which enable the processor to perform or promote the features of the quantized value indicating component 625, the reference signal component 630, the reporting component 635, and the rule indicating component 640 discussed herein. The transceiver processor can be co-located with the transceiver of the device and / or communicate with it (e.g., guide its operation). The radio processor can be co-located with the radio device of the device (e.g., NR radio device, LTE radio device, Wi-Fi radio device) and / or communicate with it (e.g., guide its operation). The transmitter processor can be co-located with the transmitter of the device and / or communicate with it (e.g., guide its operation). The receiver processor can be co-located with the receiver of the device and / or communicate with it (e.g., guide its operation).

[0160] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 of a communication manager 720 supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communication manager 720 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 520, the communication manager 620, or both as described herein. The communication manager 720 or its various components can be examples of means for performing various aspects of beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction as described herein. For example, the communication manager 720 may include a quantization value indication component 725, a reference signal component 730, a reporting component 735, a rule indication component 740, a codebook indication component 745, an error value component 750, a timestamp component 755, an interpolation component 760, a format component 765, or any combination thereof. Each of these components can communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0161] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communications at a UE. The quantization value indication component 725 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for receiving control signaling that identifies a set of quantization values ​​for a set of multiple beams from a set of multiple sets of quantization values ​​for beam management reports configured at the UE for the set of multiple beams. The reference signal component 730 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. The reporting component 735 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for sending a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantization values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0162] In some examples, to support receiving the control signaling identifying the set of quantization values, the codebook indication component 745 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for receiving an indication of a codebook, which is one of a set of multiple codebooks for beam management reporting for the set of multiple beams configured at the UE, wherein the set of quantization values ​​is identified by the codebook.

[0163] In some examples, to support receiving the control signaling identifying the set of quantization values, the quantization value indication component 725 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for receiving an indication to activate a reporting configuration associated with the set of quantization values, wherein the set of quantization values ​​is identified by the reporting configuration.

[0164] In some examples, the quantization value indicating component 725 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for sending a second control signaling indicating a set of quantization values ​​identified by the UE, wherein receiving the control signaling is based on the second control signaling. In some examples, the set of quantization values ​​is identified by the UE based on a measurement accuracy supported by the UE and associated with the set of power values, a power state associated with a battery at the UE, or both.

[0165] In some examples, the error value component 750 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for sending a second control signaling indicating an error value associated with the set of power values. In some examples, the quantization value indication component 725 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for receiving a third control signaling that identifies a second set of quantization values ​​from a set of multiple sets of quantization values ​​configured at the UE based on the indicated error value. In some examples, the error value corresponds to a standard deviation of the error associated with the set of power values, an average error associated with the set of power values, an estimated error for each power value in the set of power values, or any combination thereof.

[0166] In some examples, the quantization value indication component 725 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for sending a second control signaling indicating the number of quantization value sets that can be supported at the UE. In some examples, the quantization value indication component 725 may be configured to or otherwise support a means for receiving a third control signaling that configures the UE with a set of multiple sets of quantization values ​​at least in part in response to the number of the quantization value sets that can be supported at the UE.

[0167] In some examples, the quantization value indicating component 725 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for sending a second control signaling indicating a quantization level supported at the UE, a rule for a reference signal report supported by the UE, or both. In some examples, the quantization value set is based on a machine learning model at a network node. In some examples, the quantization value set includes a quantization range, a quantization level, a number of bits, or any combination thereof.

[0168] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communications at the UE according to examples as disclosed herein. The rule indication component 740 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams. In some examples, the reference signal component 730 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. In some examples, the reporting component 735 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for sending a vector report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

[0169] In some examples, to support sending the vector report, the reporting component 735 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for sending an indication of the set of power values ​​and a set of indexes associated with the set of power values, each index in the set of indexes being associated with a corresponding power value and corresponding to a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0170] In some examples, the vector report is sent based on determining that the UE failed to receive a reference signal associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. In some examples, the index corresponding to the beam includes a default index, and the power value associated with the index includes a lowest power value in the set of power values.

[0171] In some examples, the reference signal component 730 may be configured to or otherwise support means for determining that the UE failed to receive a reference signal associated with a beam in the set of the plurality of beams. In some examples, the interpolation component 760 may be configured to or otherwise support means for interpolating a power value corresponding to the beam based on the determination, wherein sending the vector report is based on the interpolation.

[0172] In some examples, the interpolation component 760 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for receiving a second control signaling indicating a function to be used by the UE to interpolate a power value, wherein the function is based on historical power values ​​reported by the UE, and wherein the power value is interpolated based on the function.

[0173] In some examples, to support receiving the control signaling indicating the rule set for vector-based beam management reporting, the rule indication component 740 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for receiving an indication of a number of vector reports, wherein the vector reports are sent based on the indicated number of vector reports.

[0174] In some examples, to support sending the vector report, the timestamp component 755 can be configured to or otherwise support means for sending an indication of the set of power values ​​and a timestamp associated with the set of power values, each power value in the set of power values ​​corresponding to a respective time instance prior to the time instance of the timestamp. In some examples, the control signaling further indicates a measurement quantity associated with the timestamp. In some examples, the set of power values ​​is based on the indicated quantity.

[0175] In some examples, format component 765 may be configured as or otherwise support components for receiving an indication of a format for a vector-based beam management report, wherein the vector report further indicates the corresponding time instance of each power value in the set of power values ​​based on the format.

[0176] In some examples, to support receiving the control signaling indicating the rule set for vector-based beam management reporting, the rule indication component 740 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for receiving an indication of an ordering of the power value set, wherein the vector report indicating the power value set is sent according to the ordering.

[0177] In some examples, based on the ordering, a first number of bits is used to indicate a first power value in the power value set, and a second number of bits is used to indicate a second power value in the power value set, the first power value being greater than the second power value and the first number of bits being greater than the second number of bits.

[0178] In some examples, the second power value corresponds to a power value difference relative to the first power value. In some examples, the vector report includes an identifier associated with the set of power values, the identifier corresponding to the set of beams.

[0179] In some cases, the quantized value indication component 725, the reference signal component 730, the reporting component 735, the rule indication component 740, the codebook indication component 745, the error value component 750, the timestamp component 755, the interpolation component 760, and the format component 765 can each be a processor (e.g., a transceiver processor, or a radio processor, or a transmitter processor, or a receiver processor) or at least a part of the processor. The processor can be coupled to a memory and execute instructions stored in the memory, which enable the processor to perform or facilitate the features of the quantized value indication component 725, the reference signal component 730, the reporting component 735, the rule indication component 740, the codebook indication component 745, the error value component 750, the timestamp component 755, the interpolation component 760, and the format component 765 discussed herein.

[0180] Figure 8 A diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 805 may be an example of a device 505, a device 605, or a UE 115 as described herein or include components of these devices. The device 805 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The device 805 may include components for two-way voice and data communications, including components for sending and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 820, an input / output (I / O) controller 810, a transceiver 815, an antenna 825, a memory 830, a code 835, and a processor 840. These components may be electronically communicated or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 845).

[0181] I / O controller 810 can manage input and output signals of device 805. I / O controller 810 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 805. In some cases, I / O controller 810 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 810 can utilize a computer such as a 805. In some cases, a user may interact with device 805 via I / O controller 810 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 810.

[0182] In some cases, the device 805 may include a single antenna 825. However, in some other cases, the device 805 may have more than one antenna 825, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 815 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 825, a wired link, or a wireless link as described herein. For example, the transceiver 815 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 815 may also include a modem for: modulating packets to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 825 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 825. The transceiver 815 or the transceiver 815 and one or more antennas 825 may be examples of transmitters 515, transmitters 615, receivers 510, receivers 610, or any combination or components thereof as described herein.

[0183] The memory 830 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 830 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 835 including instructions that, when executed by the processor 840, cause the device 805 to perform various functions described herein. The code 835 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium (such as system memory or another type of memory). In some cases, the code 835 may not be directly executable by the processor 840, but may (e.g., when compiled and executed) cause the computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 830 may include a basic I / O system (BIOS), etc., which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0184] The processor 840 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 840 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 840. The processor 840 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., a memory 830) to enable the device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., various functions or tasks supporting beam report enhancement for beam prediction). For example, the device 805 or a component of the device 805 may include a processor 840 and a memory 830 coupled to or coupled to the processor 840, and the processor 840 and the memory 830 are configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0185] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communications at a UE (e.g., device 805). For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for receiving control signaling that identifies a set of quantized values ​​for a set of multiple beams from a set of multiple sets of quantized values ​​for beam management reports for the set of multiple beams configured at the UE. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for sending a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0186] Additionally or alternatively, according to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communications at the UE. For example, the communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. The communication manager 820 may be configured to or otherwise support a component for sending a vector report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

[0187] By including or configuring a communications manager 820 according to examples as described herein, the device 805 can support techniques for improving communications reliability, reducing latency, more efficiently utilizing communications resources, and improving coordination between devices.

[0188] In some examples, the communication manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, monitor, transmit) using or otherwise cooperating with the transceiver 815, one or more antennas 825, or any combination thereof. Although the communication manager 820 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 820 may be supported or performed by the processor 840, the memory 830, the code 835, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 835 may include instructions that are executable by the processor 840 to cause the device 805 to perform various aspects of beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction as described herein, or the processor 840 and the memory 830 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations.

[0189] Fig. 9 A flowchart illustrating a method 900 for supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 900 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 900 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described in reference to Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described herein may be executed. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0190] At 905, the method may include: receiving control signaling that identifies, for a set of multiple beams, a set of quantized values ​​from a set of multiple sets of quantized values ​​for beam management reports for the set of multiple beams configured at the UE. The operations of 905 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 905 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The quantized value instructs component 725 to execute.

[0191] At 910, the method may include receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. The operations of 910 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 910 may be performed by Figure 7 The reference signal component 730 is used to perform the above.

[0192] At 915, the method may include sending a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams. The operations of 915 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 915 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The reporting component 735 is used to execute.

[0193] Fig.10 A flow chart illustrating a method 1000 for supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described in reference to Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described herein may be executed. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0194] At 1005, the method may include: receiving an indication of a codebook, the codebook being one of a set of multiple codebooks for beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams configured at the UE, wherein the set of quantized values ​​is identified by the codebook. The operations of 1005 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1005 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The codebook indication component 745 is executed.

[0195] At 1010, the method may include receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. The operations of 1010 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1010 may be performed by Figure 7 The reference signal component 730 is used to perform the above.

[0196] At 1015, the method may include: sending a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams. The operations of 1015 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1015 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The reporting component 735 is used to execute.

[0197] Fig.11A flowchart illustrating a method 1100 for supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described in reference to Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described herein may be executed. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0198] At 1105, the method may include: receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams. The operations of 1105 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1105 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The rule instructs component 740 to execute.

[0199] At 1110, the method may include receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of the plurality of beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of the plurality of beams. The operations of 1110 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1110 may be performed by Figure 7 The reference signal component 730 is used to perform the above.

[0200] At 1115, the method may include sending a vector report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams. The operations of 1115 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1115 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The reporting component 735 is used to execute.

[0201] Fig.12 A flowchart illustrating a method 1200 for supporting beam reporting enhancement for beam prediction according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a UE or a component thereof as described in reference to Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described herein may be executed. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform various aspects of the described functions.

[0202] At 1205, the method may include receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a set of multiple beams. The operations of 1205 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The rule instructs component 740 to execute.

[0203] At 1210, the method may include receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the set of multiple beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the set of multiple beams. The operations of 1210 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by Figure 7 The reference signal component 730 is used to perform the above.

[0204] At 1215, the method may include sending an indication of a set of power values ​​and a set of indices associated with the set of power values, each index in the set of indices being associated with a respective power value and corresponding to a respective beam in the set of beams. The operations of 1220 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1220 may be performed as described in reference to Figure 7 The reporting component 735 is used to execute.

[0205] The following provides an overview of various aspects of the disclosure:

[0206] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, the method comprising: receiving control signaling, the control signaling identifying a set of quantization values ​​for multiple beams from multiple sets of quantization values ​​reported by beam management for the multiple beams configured at the UE; receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to the set of beams in the multiple beams, each reference signal in the reference signal set being associated with a beam in the multiple beams; and sending a report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being at least partially based on the set of quantization values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

[0207] Aspect 2: A method according to Aspect 1, wherein receiving the control signaling identifying the set of quantization values ​​includes: receiving an indication of a codebook, wherein the codebook is one of a plurality of codebooks configured at the UE for beam management reporting of the plurality of beams, wherein the set of quantization values ​​is identified by the codebook.

[0208] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 1, wherein receiving the control signaling identifying the quantization value set includes: receiving an indication to activate a reporting configuration associated with the quantization value set, wherein the quantization value set is identified by the reporting configuration.

[0209] Aspect 4: According to the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, the method also includes: sending a second control signaling, the second control signaling indicating a set of quantization values ​​identified by the UE, wherein receiving the control signaling is at least partially based on the second control signaling.

[0210] Aspect 5: The method according to aspect 4, wherein the set of quantization values ​​is identified by the UE based at least in part on a measurement accuracy supported by the UE and associated with the set of power values, a power state associated with a battery at the UE, or both.

[0211] Aspect 6: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 5, the method further includes: sending a second control signaling, the second control signaling indicating an error value associated with the power value set; and receiving a third control signaling, the third control signaling identifying a second set of quantization values ​​from multiple sets of quantization values ​​configured at the UE based at least in part on the indicated error value.

[0212] Aspect 7: A method according to Aspect 6, wherein the error value corresponds to a standard deviation of errors associated with the set of power values, a mean error associated with the set of power values, an estimated error for each power value in the set of power values, or any combination thereof.

[0213] Aspect 8: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 7, the method includes: sending a second control signaling, the second control signaling indicating the number of quantization value sets that can be supported at the UE; and receiving a third control signaling, the third control signaling configuring multiple sets of quantization values ​​for the UE at least partially in response to the number of the quantization value sets that can be supported at the UE.

[0214] Aspect 9: According to the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, the method also includes: sending a second control signaling, wherein the second control signaling indicates a quantization level supported at the UE, a rule for reference signal reporting supported by the UE, or both.

[0215] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 9, wherein the set of quantized values ​​is based at least in part on a machine learning model at a network node.

[0216] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 10, wherein the set of quantization values ​​comprises a quantization range, a quantization level, a number of bits, or any combination thereof.

[0217] Aspect 12: A method for performing wireless communications at a UE, the method comprising: receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reports for multiple beams; receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the multiple beams, each reference signal in the reference signal set being associated with a beam in the multiple beams; and sending a vector report indicating a set of power values, the set of power values ​​being at least partially based on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

[0218] Aspect 13: A method according to Aspect 12, wherein sending the vector report includes: sending an indication of the power value set and an index set associated with the power value set, each index in the index set being associated with a corresponding power value and corresponding to a corresponding beam in the beam set.

[0219] Aspect 14: A method according to Aspect 13, wherein the vector report is sent at least in part based on determining that the UE fails to receive a reference signal associated with a beam among the multiple beams, the index corresponding to the beam includes a default index, and the power value associated with the index includes the lowest power value in the power value set.

[0220] Aspect 15: According to the method described in Aspect 13, the method also includes: determining that the UE fails to receive a reference signal associated with a beam among the multiple beams; and interpolating a power value corresponding to the beam based at least in part on the determination, wherein sending the vector report is based at least in part on the interpolation.

[0221] Aspect 16: According to the method according to Aspect 15, the method also includes: receiving a second control signaling, the second control signaling indicating a function to be used by the UE to interpolate the power value, wherein the function is at least partially based on historical power values ​​reported by the UE, and wherein the interpolation of the power value is at least partially based on the function.

[0222] Aspect 17: A method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 16, wherein receiving the control signaling indicating the set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting includes: receiving an indication of the number of vector reports, wherein the vector report is sent at least in part based on the indicated number of vector reports.

[0223] Aspect 18: A method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 17, wherein sending the vector report includes: sending an indication of the power value set and a timestamp associated with the power value set, each power value in the power value set corresponding to a corresponding time instance before the time instance of the timestamp.

[0224] Aspect 19: The method according to aspect 18, wherein the control signaling further indicates a measurement quantity associated with the timestamp, and the set of power values ​​is based at least in part on the indicated quantity.

[0225] Aspect 20: A method according to any one of Aspects 18 to 19, the method comprising: receiving an indication of a format for a vector-based beam management report, wherein the vector report further indicates the corresponding time instance of each power value in the power value set based at least in part on the format.

[0226] Aspect 21: A method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 20, wherein receiving the control signaling indicating the set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting includes: receiving an indication of an ordering of the set of power values, wherein the vector report indicating the set of power values ​​is sent according to the ordering.

[0227] Aspect 22: A method according to Aspect 21, wherein at least in part based on the sorting, a first number of bits is used to indicate a first power value in the power value set, and a second number of bits is used to indicate a second power value in the power value set, the first power value being greater than the second power value and the first number of bits being greater than the second number of bits.

[0228] Aspect 23: The method according to Aspect 22, wherein the second power value corresponds to a power value difference relative to the first power value.

[0229] Aspect 24: A method according to any one of aspects 12 to 23, wherein the vector report comprises an identifier associated with the set of power values, the identifier corresponding to the set of beams.

[0230] Aspect 25: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a UE, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11.

[0231] Aspect 26: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11.

[0232] Aspect 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11.

[0233] Aspect 28: An apparatus for performing wireless communications at a UE, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 24.

[0234] Aspect 29: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing a method according to any one of aspects 12 to 24.

[0235] Aspect 30: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 12 to 24.

[0236] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the various operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0237] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein may also be applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0238] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be mentioned throughout the specification may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0239] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0240] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, each function may be stored as one or more instructions or codes of a computer-readable medium, or sent using the one or more instructions or codes. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hard wiring, or any combination of these items. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located at different locations, including being distributed so that the various parts of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0241] Computer-readable medium includes both non-transient computer storage medium and communication medium, and it includes any medium that facilitates computer program to be transmitted from one place to another place.Non-transient storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by general or special-purpose computer.By way of example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable medium can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage device, disk storage device or other magnetic storage device, or can be used for carrying or storing desired program code member and can be accessed by general or special-purpose computer or general or special-purpose processor in the form of instruction or data structure Any other non-transient medium.Moreover, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable medium.For example, if software is sent from website, server or other remote source using coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave, then coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disks and optical disks as used herein include CDs, laser optical disks, optical optical disks, digital versatile disks (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray disks. Disks can typically reproduce data magnetically, and optical disks can reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0242] As used herein (including in the claims), "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items followed by a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). In addition, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on."

[0243] The term "determining" encompasses a variety of actions, and thus, "determining" may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, database or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like. Furthermore, "determining" may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in a memory), etc. Additionally, "determining" may include parsing, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.

[0244] In the drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference label. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a dash and a second label to distinguish between similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description may apply to any of the similar components having the same first reference label regardless of the second reference label, or other subsequent reference labels.

[0245] The descriptions set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describe example configurations and do not represent all examples that may be implemented or within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration," rather than "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The specific embodiments include specific details to provide an understanding of the technology. However, the technologies may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the examples.

[0246] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receiving control signaling that identifies, for a plurality of beams, a set of quantized values ​​from a plurality of sets of quantized values ​​for beam management reports configured at the UE for the plurality of beams; receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the plurality of beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the plurality of beams; as well as A report is sent indicating a set of power values ​​based at least in part on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to receive the control signaling identifying the set of quantized values ​​by being executable by the processor to: An indication of a codebook is received, the codebook being one of a plurality of codebooks configured at the UE for beam management reporting of the plurality of beams, wherein the set of quantization values ​​is identified by the codebook.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to receive the control signaling identifying the set of quantized values ​​by being executable by the processor to: An indication to activate a reporting configuration associated with the set of quantization values ​​is received, wherein the set of quantization values ​​is identified by the reporting configuration.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to: Second control signaling is sent, the second control signaling indicating a set of quantized values ​​identified by the UE, wherein receiving the control signaling is based at least in part on the second control signaling.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the set of quantized values ​​is identified by the UE based at least in part on a measurement accuracy supported by the UE and associated with the set of power values, a power state associated with a battery at the UE, or both.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to: sending second control signaling indicating an error value associated with the set of power values; and Third control signaling is received that identifies a second set of quantization values ​​from among the plurality of sets of quantization values ​​configured at the UE based at least in part on the indicated error value.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the error value corresponds to a standard deviation of errors associated with the set of power values, a mean error associated with the set of power values, an estimated error for each power value in the set of power values, or any combination thereof.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to: sending second control signaling, wherein the second control signaling indicates the number of quantization value sets that can be supported at the UE; and A third control signaling is received, the third control signaling configuring the plurality of sets of quantization values ​​for the UE responsive at least in part to the number of the sets of quantization values ​​that can be supported at the UE.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to: Second control signaling is sent, the second control signaling indicating quantization levels supported at the UE, rules for reference signal reporting supported by the UE, or both.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of quantized values ​​is based at least in part on a machine learning model at a network node.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the set of quantization values ​​comprises a quantization range, a quantization level, a number of bits, or any combination thereof.

12. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a plurality of beams; receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the plurality of beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the plurality of beams; as well as A vector report is sent indicating a set of power values ​​based at least in part on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to send the vector report by being executable by the processor to: An indication of the set of power values ​​and a set of indices associated with the set of power values ​​is sent, each index in the set of indices being associated with a respective power value and corresponding to a respective beam in the set of beams.

14. The device according to claim 13, wherein: sending the vector report based at least in part on determining that the UE failed to receive a reference signal associated with a beam in the plurality of beams, and The index corresponding to the beam comprises a default index, and the power value associated with the index comprises a lowest power value in the set of power values.

15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to: determining that the UE fails to receive a reference signal associated with a beam in the plurality of beams; and A power value corresponding to the beam is interpolated based at least in part on the determining, wherein sending the vector report is based at least in part on the interpolation.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to: Second control signaling is received, the second control signaling indicating a function to be used by the UE to interpolate a power value, wherein the function is based at least in part on historical power values ​​reported by the UE, and wherein interpolating the power value is based at least in part on the function.

17. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to receive the control signaling indicating the set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting by being executable by the processor to: An indication of a number of vector reports is received, wherein the vector reports are sent based at least in part on the indicated number of vector reports.

18. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to send the vector report by being executable by the processor to: An indication of the set of power values ​​and a timestamp associated with the set of power values ​​is sent, each power value in the set of power values ​​corresponding to a respective time instance prior to a time instance of the timestamp.

19. The device according to claim 18, wherein: The control signaling further indicates a measurement quantity associated with the timestamp, and The set of power values ​​is based at least in part on the indicated quantity.

20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to: An indication of a format for vector-based beam management reporting is received, wherein the vector report further indicates the corresponding time instance of each power value in the set of power values ​​based at least in part on the format.

21. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to receive the control signaling indicating the set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting by being executable by the processor to: An indication of an ordering of the sets of power values ​​is received, wherein the vector report indicating the sets of power values ​​is sent according to the ordering.

22. An apparatus according to claim 21, wherein at least in part based on the ordering, a first number of bits is used to indicate a first power value in the set of power values, and a second number of bits is used to indicate a second power value in the set of power values, the first power value being greater than the second power value and the first number of bits being greater than the second number of bits.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the second power value corresponds to a power value difference relative to the first power value.

24. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the vector report comprises an identifier associated with the set of power values, the identifier corresponding to the set of beams.

25. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving control signaling that identifies, for a plurality of beams, a set of quantized values ​​from a plurality of sets of quantized values ​​for beam management reports configured at the UE for the plurality of beams; receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the plurality of beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the plurality of beams; as well as A report is sent indicating a set of power values ​​based at least in part on the set of quantized values ​​and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a corresponding beam in the set of beams.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein receiving the control signaling identifying the set of quantization values ​​comprises: An indication of a codebook is received, the codebook being one of a plurality of codebooks configured at the UE for beam management reporting of the plurality of beams, wherein the set of quantization values ​​is identified by the codebook.

27. The method of claim 25, wherein receiving the control signaling identifying the set of quantization values ​​comprises: An indication to activate a reporting configuration associated with the set of quantization values ​​is received, wherein the set of quantization values ​​is identified by the reporting configuration.

28. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving control signaling indicating a set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting for a plurality of beams; receiving a set of reference signals corresponding to a set of beams in the plurality of beams, each reference signal in the set of reference signals being associated with a beam in the plurality of beams; as well as A vector report is sent indicating a set of power values ​​based at least in part on the set of rules and the set of reference signals received by the UE, each power value in the set of power values ​​being associated with a beam in the set of beams.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein sending the vector report comprises: An indication of the set of power values ​​and a set of indices associated with the set of power values ​​is sent, each index in the set of indices being associated with a respective power value and corresponding to a respective beam in the set of beams.

30. The method of claim 28, wherein receiving the control signaling indicating the set of rules for vector-based beam management reporting comprises: An indication of a number of vector reports is received, wherein the vector reports are sent based at least in part on the indicated number of vector reports.

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