Self-triggering arc extinguishing intelligent fuse

Abstract

The invention provides a self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse, and the fuse comprises a conductor which is used for bearing the current of a main loop; the cutting device is used for cutting the conductor; the explosion excitation device is used for pushing the cutting device through explosion to cut off the conductor; the parallel branch is connected with the conductor in parallel and is provided with a controllable power module and an arc extinguishing device which are connected in series; and the signal module is used for generating a control signal for controlling the controllable power module according to electromagnetic field change or arc voltage generated when the conductor is cut off. The controllable power module is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the parallel branch, and the arc extinguishing device is used for fusing and arc extinguishing when the parallel branch is connected. According to the self-triggering arc extinguishing intelligent fuse, the main loop is cut off when the current of the main loop is zero, and the parallel branch is also kept disconnected; and when the main loop has current, the main loop is cut off, and the parallel branches are automatically triggered to be closed and communicated to complete arc extinguishing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of fuses, and in particular relates to a self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse. Background Art

[0002] Smart fuses have been rapidly developed in the field of new energy applications because they can be driven externally to cut off the main circuit according to the magnitude of the fault current and can complete the disconnection action within a few milliseconds. In order to enhance the arc extinguishing ability when the main circuit is disconnected, existing smart fuses usually connect a traditional thermal fuse to the main circuit in parallel. When the main circuit is cut off, the main circuit current quickly switches to the parallel branch. At this time, the current flowing through the thermal fuse causes the thermal fuse to melt to disconnect the parallel branch and complete the arc extinguishing. Summary of the invention

[0003] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse, comprising:

[0004] Conductor, used to carry the main circuit current;

[0005] a cutting device for cutting the conductor;

[0006] An explosion excitation device for pushing the cutting device to cut the conductor by explosion;

[0007] a parallel branch connected in parallel with the conductor and having a controllable power module and an arc extinguishing device connected in series, wherein the controllable power module is used to control the on and off of the parallel branch, and the arc extinguishing device is used to melt and extinguish the arc when the parallel branch is turned on; and

[0008] The signal module is used to generate a control signal for controlling the controllable power module according to the change of the electromagnetic field or the arc voltage generated when the conductor is cut off.

[0009] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse of the present invention, preferably, the signal module includes a transmission conversion module and a filtering and rectifying control module, the transmission conversion module converts the electromagnetic field change or arc voltage into a signal voltage, and the filtering and rectifying control module generates the control signal after filtering and rectifying the signal voltage.

[0010] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse of the present invention, preferably, the transmission conversion module includes an induction coil, and the induction coil converts the electromagnetic field change into a signal voltage.

[0011] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse of the present invention, preferably, the transmission conversion module includes a transformer and an isolation capacitor, the primary end of the transformer is connected in series with the isolation capacitor and electrically connected to the two ends of the conductor pre-break, and the secondary end of the transformer is electrically connected to the filter rectifier control module.

[0012] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse of the present invention, preferably, the controllable power module includes at least one controllable power element.

[0013] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse of the present invention, preferably, the controllable power element is a thyristor, a gate-controlled thyristor, or a giant transistor.

[0014] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse of the present invention, preferably, the cutting device is made of insulating material.

[0015] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse of the present invention, preferably, one end of the cutting device is in surface contact with the explosion excitation device, and the other end is in point contact or line contact with the pre-break opening of the conductor.

[0016] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse of the present invention, preferably, the conductor includes a conductor pre-break, and the conductor pre-break is formed by cutting off a portion of material on the conductor to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor at the position where the conductor pre-break is located.

[0017] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse of the present invention, preferably, the arc-extinguishing device is a fuse or a fusible wire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation structure of the self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the self-triggered arc extinguishing intelligent fuse of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to explain the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0022] The inventors have discovered that there is a potential risk in connecting a traditional hot-melt protection device in parallel with the main circuit: when the main circuit current is zero and it is necessary to cut off the main circuit, since there is no current in the main circuit at this time, there will be no current passing through the parallel branch when the main circuit is disconnected, and the hot-melt protection device will not blow, so that the parallel branch will remain conductive, and the conductive parallel branch will cause the entire circuit to not be completely cut off.

[0023] Therefore, the present invention provides a self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse, such as Figure 1 As shown. Figure 1 It can be seen that it includes a conductor 102 and a conductor pre-break 103 located on the conductor 102; a cutting device 101 is provided on one side of the conductor 102 perpendicular to the extension direction of the conductor 102, one end of the cutting device 101 is in contact with the position where the conductor pre-break 103 is located, and the other end is in contact with the explosion excitation device 108; it also includes a parallel branch connected in parallel with the conductor 102, and a controllable power module 106 and an arc extinguishing device 107 connected in series are arranged on the parallel branch; the control end of the controllable power module 106 is connected to the output end of the signal module 110, and the input end of the signal module 110 is connected to the conductor 102.

[0024] The conductor 102 is used to form a path for the main circuit current, and its material can be gold, silver, copper, aluminum, iron, and various metal alloys. In order to make it easier to cut, a part of the material can be cut off from the conductor 102, so that the cross-sectional area at this place becomes smaller, forming a conductor pre-break 103. Preferably, the pre-break 103 is conical and is arranged on the side of the conductor 102 opposite to the cutting device 101.

[0025] The function of the cutting device 101 is to cut off the conductor 102, so that the main circuit changes from the on state to the off state and maintains the off state. In order to quickly cut off the conductor 102, the cutting device 101 is in direct contact with the conductor 102. Therefore, the cutting device 101 can be made of insulating materials, such as synthetic materials such as PA66, PA6, PC, PBT, PPS, etc. One end of the cutting device 101 is in surface contact with the explosion excitation device 108, and the contact area is as large as possible to obtain a greater thrust under the same gas pressure; the other end of the cutting device 101 is in contact with the position where the conductor pre-break 103 is located, and the contact area is as small as possible, preferably point contact or line contact, so as to obtain a greater pressure under the same pressure.

[0026] The explosion excitation device 108 may be an ignition tube or a micro gas generator, which can quickly generate a large amount of gas after being powered on, and push the cutting device 101 to quickly move to the position where the conductor pre-breaking end 103 is located.

[0027] The arc extinguishing device 107 is a thermal melt device, which can be a fuse or a fuse. When the main circuit current flows through the parallel branch where the arc extinguishing device 107 is located, it quickly melts and consumes electrical energy, thereby achieving arc extinguishing.

[0028] The function of the controllable power module 106 is to conduct under the drive of the control signal, thereby conducting the parallel branch. When the controllable power module 106 is conducted, several thousand amperes of current are allowed to pass, and the current flows through the arc extinguishing device 107 to achieve arc extinguishing. If there is no control signal driving, the controllable power device 106 is in the off state, and then the parallel branch is disconnected, ensuring that the entire circuit is disconnected. According to the actual application needs, several controllable power devices can be used in combination, and several controllable power devices of the same type can be used in combination, or a controllable power device can be used alone. Commonly used controllable power devices include thyristors (SCRs), gate-controlled thyristors (GTOs), giant transistors (GTRs), insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), integrated gate-commutated thyristors (IGCTs), and electron injection enhanced gate transistors (IEGTs).

[0029] When there is current in the main circuit and the conductor 102 is cut off, the signal module 110 senses the change in the electromagnetic field generated when the conductor 102 is cut off and converts it into a control signal, or extracts a part of the arc voltage generated when the conductor 102 is cut off and converts it into a control signal, and the control signal is provided to the control end of the controllable power module 106 to drive the controllable power module 106 to conduct the parallel branch. The signal module 110 may include a transmission conversion module 104 and a filter rectification control module 105, wherein the transmission conversion module 104 may select an element that can sense the change in the electromagnetic field generated by the sudden change of the main circuit current, such as a magnetic induction coil, or a device that can extract part of the arc voltage, such as a transformer, or an optocoupler, etc. The transmission conversion module 104, while generating the signal voltage, also plays the role of isolating the arc voltage and adjusting the signal voltage. The filter rectification control module 105 generates a control signal after filtering and rectifying the signal voltage.

[0030] When the smart fuse is used in a DC circuit, the transmission conversion module 104 may use a transformer. The specific working process is described below. Figure 2As shown, after the isolation capacitor 109 is connected to the primary end of the transformer, it is electrically connected to both ends of the conductor pre-break 103. When the main circuit of normal operation is a DC current, the isolation capacitor 109 plays a role in isolating the DC on the main circuit, and the transmission conversion module 104 does not work; in an abnormal state, after the external signal drives the explosion excitation device 108, the generated explosion gas pushes the cutting device 101 to move to the position where the conductor pre-break 103 is located, cutting off the conductor 102, and arc voltage is generated at both ends of the disconnected conductor pre-break 103. The transmission conversion module 104 extracts a part of the arc voltage, converts it into a signal voltage and sends it to the filter rectification control module 105. The filter rectification control module 105 generates a control signal after filtering and shaping the signal voltage and inputs it into the control end of the controllable power module 106, drives the controllable power module 106 to conduct, connects the parallel branch, and the main circuit current flows through the controllable power module 106 to the arc extinguishing device 107, and the arc extinguishing device 107 is fused, consumes electric energy, realizes arc extinguishing, and disconnects the parallel branch, and then the entire circuit is disconnected.

[0031] When there is no main circuit current in the conductor 102 and the conductor 102 is cut off, there is no change in the electromagnetic field near the main circuit, and accordingly no arc voltage is generated at both ends of the conductor pre-break 103, and the signal module 110 will not generate a control signal, so that the controllable power module 106 will remain turned off, so that the parallel branch will always be in a disconnected state, thereby ensuring that the entire circuit is disconnected.

[0032] The present invention provides a self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse, which cuts off the main circuit when there is current in the main circuit, senses the change in the electromagnetic field generated when the conductor 102 is cut off, or extracts a small amount of arc voltage to generate a control signal to turn on the controllable power module, and connects the parallel branch to complete the arc extinguishing; when there is no current in the main circuit, the main circuit is cut off, the controllable power module will not be triggered to turn on, and the parallel branch remains disconnected, thereby ensuring that the entire circuit is completely disconnected.

[0033] Although the present invention has been described through preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein but includes various changes and modifications that may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse, comprising: Conductor, used to carry the main circuit current; a cutting device for cutting the conductor; An explosion excitation device for pushing the cutting device to cut the conductor by explosion; A parallel branch, which is connected in parallel with the conductor and has a controllable power module and an arc extinguishing device connected in series, wherein the controllable power module is used to control the conduction and disconnection of the parallel branch, and the arc extinguishing device is used to melt and extinguish the arc when the parallel branch is turned on; as well as The signal module is used to generate a control signal for controlling the controllable power module according to the change of the electromagnetic field or the arc voltage generated when the conductor is cut off.

2. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 1, wherein: The signal module includes a transmission conversion module and a filtering and rectifying control module. The transmission conversion module converts the electromagnetic field change or arc voltage into a signal voltage, and the filtering and rectifying control module generates the control signal after filtering and rectifying the signal voltage.

3. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 2, wherein: The transmission conversion module includes an induction coil, which converts the electromagnetic field change into a signal voltage.

4. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 2, wherein: The transmission conversion module includes a transformer and an isolation capacitor. The primary end of the transformer is connected in series with the isolation capacitor and is electrically connected to both ends of the conductor pre-break. The secondary end of the transformer is electrically connected to the filter rectification control module.

5. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The controllable power module includes at least one controllable power element.

6. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 5, wherein: The controllable power element is a thyristor, a gate-controlled thyristor, or a giant transistor.

7. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 1, wherein: The cutting device is made of insulating material.

8. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the cutting device is in surface contact with the explosion excitation device, and the other end is in point contact or line contact with the pre-breaking end of the conductor.

9. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 1, wherein: The conductor comprises a conductor pre-break, which is formed by cutting off a part of material on the conductor so that the conductor cross-sectional area at the position of the conductor pre-break becomes smaller.

10. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent fuse according to claim 1, wherein: The arc extinguishing device is a fuse or a fuse.

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