Device and method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage container

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic fire extinguishing and cooling device and method for an energy storage container, and the device comprises an energy storage container body, a plurality of groups of energy storage equipment, an automatic fire extinguishing control device, a fire detection alarm device, a plurality of groups of superfine water mist nozzles capable of freely rotating up, down, left and right, and a special air conditioner. Wherein the energy storage container body is used for loading other equipment and devices; the automatic fire extinguishing control device is connected with the fire detection alarm device through a line, and the fire detection alarm device feeds back a fire characteristic signal to the automatic fire extinguishing control device; and a plurality of groups of superfine water mist nozzles are mounted at the top end in the energy storage container body, are positioned above the energy storage equipment and are connected with the automatic fire extinguishing control device. And when the energy storage equipment is in fire, the automatic fire extinguishing control device triggers corresponding fire fighting measures according to the received fire characteristic signal. According to the invention, the control level of the energy storage system in case of a fire is improved, the fire extinguishing and cooling efficiency is improved, and the loss of the energy storage system after the fire is reduced to the minimum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage safety technology, and in particular to a device and method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of an energy storage container. Background Art

[0002] With the in-depth implementation of my country's "dual carbon" strategy, people's research, development and utilization of renewable energy are entering a new stage of rapid development. Energy storage containers can collect, store and transport electricity converted from green energy, which is conducive to the promotion and utilization of new energy. Energy storage containers are an integrated energy storage system that mainly relies on energy storage equipment (such as battery modules, etc.) installed in the container to store electricity. As a reserve energy source, it is often used to collect, store, transport electricity and emergency power supply. It has been widely used in new energy development, power construction, medical emergency, petrochemical, mining and oil fields. The energy storage equipment in the energy storage container is prone to thermal runaway during repeated charging and discharging. If it is not controlled, it will cause thermal runaway to spread, and then cause multiple groups or all energy storage equipment to fail, posing a greater threat to the life and property safety of the operator. Therefore, the safety of energy storage containers has attracted more and more attention from researchers. The current technical solutions mostly adopt the method of full flooding to suppress the thermal runaway phenomenon of energy storage devices. Although this can achieve the purpose of extinguishing fire and cooling, the fire extinguishing efficiency is low, a large amount of fire extinguishing agent is wasted, and most of the energy storage devices that have been soaked cannot continue to work and need to be replaced as a whole, resulting in large losses. In addition, the existing technical solutions generally equip energy storage containers with heptafluoropropane or perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing systems, which have relatively high manufacturing costs and are not suitable for large-scale industrial promotion and application. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers with fast response speed, high fire extinguishing and cooling efficiency, low operation and maintenance cost, and little damage to energy storage equipment, in order to address the problems of low working efficiency of fire extinguishing and cooling devices in existing energy storage containers, inability to effectively suppress thermal runaway of energy storage equipment, high cost of fire extinguishing agents, and serious damage to energy storage equipment by full flooding.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, comprising an energy storage container body, multiple groups of energy storage equipment, an automatic fire extinguishing control device, a fire detection alarm device, several groups of ultra-fine water mist nozzles that can rotate freely up, down, left and right, and multiple groups of special air conditioners, wherein the energy storage container body is used to load other equipment and devices, multiple groups of energy storage equipment are arranged side by side inside the energy storage container body, and the special air conditioners are arranged inside the energy storage container body. The automatic fire extinguishing control device is arranged in the middle position inside the energy storage container body, and is connected to the fire detection alarm device through a line, and the fire detection alarm device feeds back a fire characteristic signal to the automatic fire extinguishing control device; several groups of ultra-fine water mist nozzles are installed at the top of the inner part of the energy storage container body, located above the energy storage equipment, and are connected to the automatic fire extinguishing control device through a line for control.

[0005] Furthermore, the energy storage container body is a rectangular structure with a length, width and height between 1 and 20 meters, and a pedestrian passage and maintenance space are provided inside; an emergency power-off switch, an exhaust fan, an industrial camera and an explosion-proof window are also installed on the side wall of the energy storage container body. The emergency power-off switch is installed near the door of the energy storage container body, and is mainly used to control the opening or blocking of the charging and discharging process of the energy storage equipment. It is controlled by the automatic fire extinguishing control device through a line connection, and can be automatically opened and closed by the automatic fire extinguishing control device, and can also be manually opened and closed; the exhaust fan is triggered to run by the automatic fire extinguishing control device, and can also be manually started or closed; the industrial camera is used to monitor the situation inside the energy storage container body in real time.

[0006] Furthermore, the energy storage device is composed of 1 to 80 groups of battery modules, each group of battery modules is integrated and installed on a fixed battery rack in a symmetrical arrangement, and liquid cooling pipes are installed between different battery modules; the battery module is composed of 2 or more battery cells connected in series, and each battery cell is composed of 2 or more battery cells combined in series and parallel.

[0007] Furthermore, the ultra-fine water mist nozzles are installed at the top of the energy storage container body, directly above the battery module, and the ratio of the number of battery modules to the ultra-fine water mist nozzles ranges from 10:1 to 1:10.

[0008] Furthermore, the ultra-fine water mist nozzle includes a fixed base, a two-way pan-tilt head and a special nozzle. The fixed base is installed at a designated position on the top of the energy storage container body, and the two-way pan-tilt head is installed below the fixed base for carrying the special nozzle, so that the horizontal rotation angle of the special nozzle reaches 360° and the vertical rotation angle reaches 90°; the special nozzle is in the shape of a truncated cone or a regular polygonal cone, and 2 to 6 different nozzles are evenly distributed on its side. The flow rate, average particle size and water mist dispersion state of the ultra-fine water mist sprayed by each nozzle are different. The special nozzle is switched by the automatic fire extinguishing control device and selected for use according to the size of the fire and the spread speed; the flow range of the special nozzle is 1 to 50L / min.

[0009] Furthermore, the ultrafine water mist specifically refers to a group of water mist particles with an average droplet diameter of less than 100 μm.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of temperature detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, hydrogen detectors, and smoke concentration detectors are installed on the inner top of the energy storage container body, which are respectively connected to the fire detection and alarm device through lines to monitor and feedback the temperature and gas concentration in real time.

[0011] Furthermore, the explosion-proof window adopts a steel window frame and is equipped with a special hinge and explosion-proof device. The window sash glass adopts safety glass with a thickness of 2 to 25 mm or double-layer laminated safety glass, and the glass area is 10×10 cm 2 ~100×100cm 2 The explosion relief pressure value is set to 1-20 kPa; the explosion relief window is reusable and can still be opened or closed normally after explosion relief.

[0012] The technical solution described in the present invention also requests protection for a method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of an energy storage container. The above-mentioned device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of an energy storage container is used. When a fire occurs in the energy storage equipment in the energy storage container, the fire detection alarm device receives a fire characteristic signal that exceeds the warning range and immediately issues an alarm prompt. The automatic fire extinguishing control device triggers corresponding fire fighting measures according to the received fire characteristic signal, confirms the fire location, and controls the nearest ultra-fine water mist nozzle to directional spray ultra-fine water mist; after the flame is extinguished, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles begin to spray ultra-fine water mist over a wide area, forming a layer of "water mist film" in the energy storage container that covers the energy storage equipment and continues to cool down.

[0013] Furthermore, when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 450ppm or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 500ppm or the local temperature T is greater than 80℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 3℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device issues a first-level warning, initiates a first-level response, turns off the emergency power switch, turns off the dedicated air conditioner, turns on the exhaust fan, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles spray water mist in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 10L / min. Other ultra-fine water mist nozzles spray in a wide area at a flow rate of 5L / min. The spray flow rate is adjusted in real time and monitored until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 300ppm and less than 450ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 350ppm and less than 500ppm, or the local temperature T of the battery module exceeds 70℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 2℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device issues a second-level warning, The second-level response is initiated, the air-conditioning temperature is lowered by 10°C, the exhaust fan is started, and then the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles continuously spray the high-temperature areas at a flow rate of 8L / min, and other ultra-fine water mist nozzles rotate and spray in a wide area at a flow rate of 3L / min. The spray flow rate is adjusted in real time and monitored until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when the carbon monoxide concentration is detected to be greater than 150ppm and less than 300ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 200ppm and less than 350ppm, or the local temperature T of the battery module is greater than 60°C or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 1°C / s, the fire detection and alarm device issues a third-level warning and initiates a third-level response. The exhaust fan is started and continues to operate, the wind speed of the special air-conditioning is increased, and the temperature is lowered by 5°C. The adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles continuously spray the high-temperature areas at a flow rate of 5L / min, and monitor in real time until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range.

[0014] Furthermore, the fire detection alarm device collects and analyzes fire characteristic signals at a frequency of 1 to 60 times / min according to the operating status of the energy storage device.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention improves the control level of the energy storage system when a fire occurs by adopting a fire-fighting device that combines wide-area spraying and cooling with fixed-point liquid fire extinguishing, improves the efficiency of fire extinguishing and cooling, and reduces the loss of the energy storage system after a fire occurs to a minimum; the present invention can be used as a reserve energy in national large-scale wind power, photovoltaic bases, industrial parks and other places, and can also be used as an emergency power supply for short-term power supply of key facilities and adjustment of seasonal regional load curves. It has a wide range of applications and a bright future. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of the energy storage container of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of the energy storage container of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery module in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ultra-fine water mist nozzle of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the special nozzle structure of the ultra-fine water mist nozzle of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 Another structural schematic diagram of the special nozzle of the ultra-fine water mist nozzle of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 The emergency handling procedure of the automatic fire extinguishing control device of the present invention;

[0023] In the figure: 1. Energy storage container body, 2. Emergency power off switch, 3. Special air conditioner, 4. Energy storage equipment, 5. Automatic fire extinguishing control device, 6. Exhaust fan, 7. Fire detection alarm device, 8. Ultra-fine water mist nozzle, 9. Explosion venting window, 10. Industrial camera, 11. Battery module, 12. Battery unit, 13. Battery cell, 14. Hydrogen detector, 15. Carbon monoxide detector, 16. Smoke concentration detector, 17. Temperature detector, 18. Battery rack, 19. Fixed base, 20. Two-way pan / tilt head, 21. Special nozzle, 22. Nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various components of the present invention. They do not specifically mean that any component in the present invention must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Embodiment 1,

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers includes an energy storage container body 1, multiple groups of energy storage equipment 4, an automatic fire extinguishing control device 5, a fire detection alarm device 7, several groups of ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 that can rotate freely up and down and left and right, and two groups of special air conditioners 3. The energy storage container body 1 is used to load other equipment and devices, and is made of stainless steel plates. The overall shape is a rectangular parallelepiped. The specific design size is determined according to the volume of the energy storage equipment 4 to be installed, and the volume is 9×2.5×3m 3 , in order to achieve the main functions of energy storage and emergency power supply, it has beautiful appearance, solid overall structure and good sealing. There are also pedestrian passages and maintenance space inside.

[0029] The energy storage container body 1 is equipped with an energy storage device 4, which consists of 20 groups of battery modules 11. The arrangement is reasonably arranged according to the space in the container, preferably symmetrically arranged. Each group of battery modules 11 is integrated and installed on a fixed battery rack 18 made of flame-retardant alloy material. Liquid cooling pipes are installed between different battery modules 11 to absorb and remove the heat released during the charging and discharging process of the battery modules 11. Figure 3 As shown, each battery module 11 is composed of 2 or more battery cells 12 connected in series, and each battery cell 12 is composed of 2 or more battery cells 13 connected in series and parallel; at the same time, in order to improve the system capacity of the entire energy storage device 4, different battery modules 11 are connected in parallel. The two groups of dedicated air conditioners 3 are arranged at the two end sides of the overall layout of the energy storage device 4. According to the external ambient temperature, the air conditioning cooling and heating system is controlled through the thermal management strategy to ensure that the temperature in the energy storage container is in a suitable range to extend the battery life. The dedicated air conditioner 3 operates for a long time and the set temperature is 26°C.

[0030] An emergency power-off switch 2, an exhaust fan 6, an industrial camera 10 and an explosion-proof window 9 are also installed on the side wall of the energy storage container body 1. The emergency power-off switch 2 is installed near the door of the energy storage container body 1, and is controlled by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 through a line connection. It is mainly used to control the opening or closing of the charging and discharging process of the energy storage device 4 to prevent short circuits during spray fire extinguishing; it can also be manually turned on and off. An exhaust fan 6 is installed in a corner of the side wall of the energy storage container, and is triggered to run by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5. The motor drives the fan impeller to rotate and exhaust the gas. The fan impeller is circular with a diameter of 10 to 40 cm; it can also be started or closed manually. The industrial camera 10 is used to monitor the situation inside the energy storage container body 1 in real time, and can realize remote viewing and control. It has the characteristics of waterproof, explosion-proof, stable and high resolution. An explosion-proof window 9 is installed on the side wall of the energy storage container. It uses a steel window frame and is equipped with special hinges and explosion-proof devices (such as explosion-proof bolts). The window glass uses safety glass with a thickness of 3 to 10 mm or double-layer laminated safety glass, and the glass area is 30×40 cm 2The explosion relief pressure value is set to 2kPa; the explosion relief window 9 is reusable, releasing gas outward to reduce the internal air pressure to prevent explosions, thereby protecting the safety of personnel and equipment in the container to the greatest extent, and can still be opened or closed normally after explosion relief.

[0031] The automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 is arranged in the middle of the above-mentioned 20 groups of battery modules 11, and is connected to the fire detection alarm device 7 through lines. The fire detection alarm device 7 includes a monitoring system for parameters such as temperature, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and smoke concentration, which can feedback fire characteristic signals to the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5, so as to facilitate real-time monitoring of changes in temperature, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and smoke concentrations in the energy storage device integration area; correspondingly, a temperature detector 17 and a smoke concentration detector 16 are arranged on the top of each group of battery modules 11, and a temperature detector 17, a smoke concentration detector 16, a carbon monoxide detector 15, and a hydrogen detector 14 are also installed on the middle area of ​​the inner top wall of the energy storage container body 1, which are respectively connected to the fire detection alarm device 7 through lines, so as to monitor, collect and feedback fire characteristic signals such as temperature and gas concentration in real time in all directions.

[0032] The ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 is installed at the top of the energy storage container body 1, located directly above the battery module 11, and is connected to the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 through a line. On average, two ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 are symmetrically installed above every five battery modules 11. Figure 4 As shown, the ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 includes a fixed base 19, a two-way pan-tilt head 20 and a special nozzle 21. The fixed base 19 is fixedly installed at a designated position on the top of the energy storage container body 1 by bolts. The two-way pan-tilt head 20 is installed below the fixed base 19 to carry the special nozzle 21, so that the special nozzle 21 can rotate freely up and down, left and right, and its horizontal rotation angle reaches 360° and the vertical rotation angle reaches 90°, thereby realizing directional spraying. Figure 5As shown, the special nozzle 21 is arranged in a truncated cone shape, and three different nozzles 22 are arranged on it, one of which is located at the bottom center of the special nozzle 21, and the other two are located on the side of the special nozzle 21, and are equidistantly distributed; the flow rate, average particle size, and water mist dispersion state of the ultrafine water mist sprayed by each nozzle 22 are different. For example, the ultrafine water mist flow rate sprayed by the nozzle 22 located at the bottom center is 35L / min, the average particle size is 100μm, and the water mist is concentrated in a columnar spray. The two nozzles 22 located on the side wall of the special nozzle 21 have ultrafine water mist flow rates of 25L / min and 20L / min, respectively, and are diffusely sprayed. The specific nozzle 22 is selected and used according to the size and spread speed of the fire, and the special nozzle 21 is controlled by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 to select and switch the nozzle 22. The flow range of the special nozzle 21 is 1-50L / min, and the ultrafine water mist specifically refers to a group of water mist particles with an average droplet diameter of less than 100μm. The ultra-fine water mist mainly relies on surface cooling, suffocation, impact emulsification and dilution mechanisms to extinguish fires. The extremely small water droplets have a large specific surface area and can quickly absorb the heat of the flame and convert into water vapor. At the same time, the volume expands 1700 to 5800 times, causing the temperature near the ignition point to drop rapidly and oxygen and other combustible gases to be isolated, making it difficult to maintain combustion and gradually extinguishing the fire due to lack of oxygen.

[0033] The manufacturing material of the energy storage container body 1 is not limited to stainless steel plates, but can also be aluminum alloy profiles, fiberglass, wood, etc.

[0034] A method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, using the above-mentioned device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, when a fire occurs in the energy storage device 4 in the energy storage container body 1, the fire detection alarm device 7 receives a fire characteristic signal that exceeds the warning range, and immediately issues an alarm prompt, and the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 triggers the corresponding fire fighting measures according to the received fire characteristic signal, confirms the fire location coordinates, and controls the nearest ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 to spray ultra-fine water mist in a directional manner. Due to the flame entrainment effect, the ultra-fine water mist will be sucked into the flame to extinguish the flame that has just been ignited. After the flame is extinguished, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 begin to spray ultra-fine water mist in a wide area, forming a layer of "water mist film" in the energy storage container body 1 that covers the energy storage device 4, isolating it from the air, preventing the flame from rekindling, blocking the spread of thermal runaway, and effectively reducing the thermal runaway battery temperature and ambient temperature. At the same time, the ultra-fine water mist adheres to the surface of the battery module 11 and does not cause damage to the battery. Therefore, this method achieves the purpose of fire extinguishing and cooling without affecting the normal function of the battery module 11.

[0035] As a further optimized technical solution of the above automatic fire extinguishing and cooling method, combined with Figure 7As shown, when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 450ppm or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 500ppm or the local temperature T is greater than 80℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 3℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a first-level warning, starts a first-level response, the alarm device sounds an alarm and transmits the alarm signal to the central control room, the emergency power off switch 2 is turned off, the exhaust fan 6 is turned on, the dedicated air conditioner 3 is turned off, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 sprays water mist in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 10L / min. Other ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 rotate and spray over a wide area at a flow rate of 5L / min for 5min, timely reducing the temperature of the thermal runaway battery and the ambient temperature to prevent the battery from re-igniting and thermal runaway propagation, and adjust the spray flow in real time and monitor until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 300ppm and less than 450ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 350ppm and less than 500ppm, or the local temperature of the battery module 11 exceeds 70℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 2℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a second-level warning and starts a second-level response. The air-conditioning temperature of the dedicated air-conditioning 3 is lowered by 10°C, the exhaust fan 6 is started, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 spray water mist to the high temperature area in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 8L / min for 2 minutes. Subsequently, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 rotate and spray in a wide area at a flow rate of 3L / min for 2 minutes. The spray flow rate is adjusted in real time and monitored until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 150ppm and less than 300ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 200ppm and less than 350ppm, or the local temperature T of the battery module is greater than 60°C or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 1°C / s, the fire detection and alarm device 7 issues a third-level warning and starts a third-level response. The exhaust fan 6 is started and runs continuously for 20 minutes. The wind speed of the dedicated air-conditioning 3 is increased and the temperature is lowered by 5°C to facilitate the discharge of harmful gases in the container. The adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 spray the high temperature area continuously at a flow rate of 5L / min, and monitor in real time until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range. If none of the above situations occur, no response is required. Repeat this cycle to complete fire extinguishing and temperature control.

[0036] The fire detection alarm device 7 collects and analyzes fire characteristic signals at a frequency of 1 to 60 times / min according to the operating status of the energy storage device 4 .

[0037] Embodiment 2,

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers includes an energy storage container body 1, multiple groups of energy storage equipment 4, an automatic fire extinguishing control device 5, a fire detection alarm device 7, several groups of ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 that can rotate freely up and down and left and right, and two groups of special air conditioners 3. The energy storage container body 1 is used to load other equipment and devices, and is made of aluminum alloy profiles. The overall shape is a rectangular parallelepiped. The specific design size is determined according to the volume of the energy storage equipment 4 to be installed, and the volume is 9×2.5×3m 3 , in order to achieve the main functions of energy storage and emergency power supply, it has beautiful appearance, solid overall structure and good sealing. There are also pedestrian passages and maintenance space inside.

[0039] The energy storage container body 1 is equipped with an energy storage device 4, which consists of 40 groups of battery modules 11. The arrangement is reasonably arranged according to the space in the container, preferably symmetrically arranged. Each group of battery modules 11 is integrated and installed on a fixed battery rack 18 made of flame-retardant alloy material. Liquid cooling pipes are installed between different battery modules 11 to absorb and remove the heat released during the charging and discharging process of the battery modules 11. Figure 3 As shown, each battery module 11 is composed of more than two battery cells 12 connected in series, and each battery cell 12 is composed of two or more battery cells 13 connected in series and parallel; at the same time, in order to improve the system capacity of the entire energy storage device 4, different battery modules 11 are connected in parallel. The two groups of dedicated air conditioners 3 are arranged at the two end sides of the overall layout of the energy storage device 4. According to the external ambient temperature, the air conditioning cooling and heating system is controlled through the thermal management strategy to ensure that the temperature in the energy storage container is in a suitable range to extend the battery life. The dedicated air conditioner 3 operates for a long time and the set temperature is 26°C.

[0040] An emergency power-off switch 2, an exhaust fan 6, an industrial camera 10 and an explosion-proof window 9 are also installed on the side wall of the energy storage container body 1. The emergency power-off switch 2 is installed near the door of the energy storage container body 1, and is controlled by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 through a line connection. It is mainly used to control the opening or closing of the charging and discharging process of the energy storage device 4 to prevent short circuits during spray fire extinguishing; it can also be manually turned on and off. An exhaust fan 6 is installed in a corner of the side wall of the energy storage container, and is triggered to run by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5. The motor drives the fan impeller to rotate and exhaust the gas. The fan impeller is circular with a diameter of 25 cm; it can also be started or closed manually. The industrial camera 10 is used to monitor the situation inside the energy storage container body 1 in real time, and can realize remote viewing and control. It has the characteristics of waterproof, explosion-proof, stable and high resolution. An explosion-proof window 9 is installed on the side wall of the energy storage container. It uses a steel window frame and is equipped with special hinges and explosion-proof devices (such as explosion-proof bolts). The window glass is made of 6mm thick safety glass or double-layer laminated safety glass, and the glass area is 30×40cm 2The explosion relief pressure value is set to 5kPa; the explosion relief window 9 is reusable, releasing gas outward to reduce the internal air pressure to prevent explosions, thereby protecting the safety of personnel and equipment in the container to the greatest extent, and can still be opened or closed normally after explosion relief.

[0041] The automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 is arranged in the middle of the above-mentioned 40 groups of battery modules 11, and is connected to the fire detection alarm device 7 through lines. The fire detection alarm device 7 includes a monitoring system for parameters such as temperature, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and smoke concentration, which can feedback fire characteristic signals to the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5, so as to facilitate real-time monitoring of changes in temperature, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and smoke concentrations in the energy storage device integration area; correspondingly, a temperature detector 17 and a smoke concentration detector 16 are arranged on the top of each group of battery modules 11, and a temperature detector 17, a smoke concentration detector 16, a carbon monoxide detector 15, and a hydrogen detector 14 are also installed on the middle area of ​​the inner top wall of the energy storage container body 1, which are respectively connected to the fire detection alarm device 7 through lines, so as to monitor, collect and feedback fire characteristic signals such as temperature and gas concentration in real time in all directions.

[0042] The ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 is installed at the top of the energy storage container body 1, located directly above the battery module 11, and is connected to the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 through a line. On average, only one ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 is installed above every five battery modules 11. Figure 4 As shown, the ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 includes a fixed base 19, a two-way pan-tilt head 20 and a special nozzle 21. The fixed base 19 is fixedly installed at a designated position on the top of the energy storage container body 1 by bolts. The two-way pan-tilt head 20 is installed below the fixed base 19 to carry the special nozzle 21, so that the special nozzle 21 can rotate freely up and down, left and right, and its horizontal rotation angle reaches 360° and the vertical rotation angle reaches 90°, thereby realizing directional spraying. Figure 6As shown, the special nozzle 21 is in the shape of a regular tetrahedron, on which five different nozzles 22 are arranged, one of which is located at the bottom center of the special nozzle 21, and the other four nozzles 22 are respectively located on the four sides of the regular tetrahedron nozzle, all in the center of the corresponding sides; the flow rate, average particle size, and water mist dispersion state of the ultrafine water mist sprayed by each nozzle 22 are different. For example, the four nozzles 22 located on the side wall of the special nozzle 21 have ultrafine water mist flow rates of 30L / min, 25L / min, 20L / min, and 10L / min, respectively, which are diffusely sprayed. The specific nozzle 22 is selected and used according to the size of the fire and the spread speed. The automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 controls the special nozzle 21 to select and switch between the nozzles 22. The flow range of the special nozzle 21 is 50L / min, and the ultrafine water mist specifically refers to a group of water mist particles with an average droplet diameter of less than 100μm. The ultra-fine water mist mainly relies on surface cooling, suffocation, impact emulsification and dilution mechanisms to extinguish fires. The extremely small water droplets have a large specific surface area and can quickly absorb the heat of the flame and convert into water vapor. At the same time, the volume expands 5000 times, causing the temperature near the ignition point to drop rapidly and oxygen and other combustible gases to be isolated, making it difficult to maintain combustion and gradually extinguishing the fire due to lack of oxygen.

[0043] The manufacturing material of the energy storage container body 1 is not limited to aluminum alloy profiles, but can also be fiberglass, wood, etc.

[0044] A method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, using the above-mentioned device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, when a fire occurs in the energy storage device 4 in the energy storage container body 1, the fire detection alarm device 7 receives a fire characteristic signal that exceeds the warning range, and immediately issues an alarm prompt, and the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 triggers the corresponding fire fighting measures according to the received fire characteristic signal, confirms the fire location coordinates, and controls the nearest ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 to spray ultra-fine water mist in a directional manner. Due to the flame entrainment effect, the ultra-fine water mist will be sucked into the flame to extinguish the flame that has just been ignited. After the flame is extinguished, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 begin to spray ultra-fine water mist in a wide area, forming a layer of "water mist film" in the energy storage container body 1 that covers the energy storage device 4, isolating it from the air, preventing the flame from rekindling, blocking the spread of thermal runaway, and effectively reducing the thermal runaway battery temperature and ambient temperature. At the same time, the ultra-fine water mist adheres to the surface of the battery module 11 and does not cause damage to the battery. Therefore, this method achieves the purpose of fire extinguishing and cooling without affecting the normal function of the battery module 11.

[0045] As a further optimized technical solution of the above automatic fire extinguishing and cooling method, combined with Figure 7As shown, when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 450ppm or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 500ppm or the local temperature T is greater than 80℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 3℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a first-level warning, starts a first-level response, the alarm device sounds an alarm and transmits the alarm signal to the central control room, the emergency power off switch 2 is turned off, the exhaust fan 6 is turned on, the dedicated air conditioner 3 is turned off, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 sprays water mist in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 10L / min. Other ultra-fine water mist nozzles rotate and spray over a wide area at a flow rate of 5L / min for 10min, timely reducing the temperature of the thermal runaway battery and the ambient temperature to prevent the battery from re-igniting and thermal runaway propagation, and adjust the spray flow in real time and monitor until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 300ppm and less than 450ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 350ppm and less than 500ppm, or the temperature of the battery module 11 exceeds 70℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 2℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a second-level warning and starts a second-level response. The air-conditioning temperature of the dedicated air-conditioning 3 is lowered by 10°C, the exhaust fan 6 is started, and the ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 sprays water mist to the high temperature area in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 8L / min. Subsequently, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 rotate and spray over a wide area at a flow rate of 3L / min for 2 minutes. The spray flow rate is adjusted in real time and monitored until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 150ppm and less than 300ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 200ppm and less than 350ppm, or the local temperature T of the battery module is greater than 60°C or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 1°C / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a third-level warning and starts a third-level response. The exhaust fan 6 is started and runs continuously for 20 minutes. The wind speed of the dedicated air-conditioning 3 on the left side is increased and the temperature is lowered by 5°C to facilitate the discharge of harmful gases in the container. The adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 continuously spray the high temperature area at a flow rate of 5L / min, and monitor in real time until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range. If none of the above situations occur, no response is required. Repeat this cycle to complete fire extinguishing and temperature control.

[0046] The fire detection alarm device 7 collects and analyzes fire characteristic signals at a frequency of 30 times / min according to the operating status of the energy storage device 4.

[0047] Embodiment 3,

[0048] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers includes an energy storage container body 1, multiple groups of energy storage equipment 4, an automatic fire extinguishing control device 5, a fire detection alarm device 7, several groups of ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 that can rotate freely up and down and left and right, and two groups of special air conditioners 3. The energy storage container body 1 is used to load other equipment and devices, and is made of stainless steel plates. The overall shape is a rectangular parallelepiped. The specific design size is determined according to the volume of the energy storage equipment 4 to be installed, and the volume is 10×3×3.5m3 , in order to achieve the main functions of energy storage and emergency power supply, it has beautiful appearance, solid overall structure and good sealing. There are also pedestrian passages and maintenance space inside.

[0049] The energy storage container body 1 is equipped with an energy storage device 4, which consists of 20 groups of battery modules 11. The arrangement is reasonably arranged according to the space in the container, preferably symmetrically arranged. Each group of battery modules 11 is integrated and installed on a fixed battery rack 18 made of flame-retardant alloy material. Liquid cooling pipes are installed between different battery modules 11 to absorb and remove the heat released during the charging and discharging process of the battery modules 11. Figure 3 As shown, each battery module 11 is composed of 6 battery cells 12 connected in series, and each battery cell 12 is composed of 2 or more battery cells 13 connected in series and parallel; at the same time, in order to improve the system capacity of the entire energy storage device 4, different battery modules 11 are connected in parallel. The two groups of dedicated air conditioners 3 are arranged at the two end sides of the overall layout of the energy storage device 4. According to the external ambient temperature, the air conditioning cooling and heating system is controlled through the thermal management strategy to ensure that the temperature in the energy storage container is in a suitable range to extend the battery life. The dedicated air conditioner 3 operates for a long time and the set temperature is 26°C.

[0050] An emergency power-off switch 2, an exhaust fan 6, an industrial camera 10 and an explosion-proof window 9 are also installed on the side wall of the energy storage container body 1. The emergency power-off switch 2 is installed near the door of the energy storage container body 1, and is controlled by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 through a line connection. It is mainly used to control the opening or closing of the charging and discharging process of the energy storage device 4 to prevent short circuits during spray fire extinguishing; it can also be manually turned on and off. An exhaust fan 6 is installed in a corner of the side wall of the energy storage container, and is triggered to run by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5. The motor drives the fan impeller to rotate and exhaust the gas. The fan impeller is circular with a diameter of 25 cm; it can also be started or closed manually. The industrial camera 10 is used to monitor the situation inside the energy storage container body 1 in real time, and can realize remote viewing and control. It has the characteristics of waterproof, explosion-proof, stable and high resolution. An explosion-proof window 9 is installed on the side wall of the energy storage container. It uses a steel window frame and is equipped with special hinges and explosion-proof devices (such as explosion-proof bolts). The window glass is made of 10mm thick safety glass or double-layer laminated safety glass, and the glass area is 40×40cm 2 The explosion relief pressure value is set to 2kPa; the explosion relief window 9 is reusable, releasing gas outward to reduce the internal air pressure to prevent explosions, thereby protecting the safety of personnel and equipment in the container to the greatest extent, and can still be opened or closed normally after explosion relief.

[0051] The automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 is arranged in the middle of the above-mentioned 20 groups of battery modules 11, and is connected to the fire detection alarm device 7 through lines. The fire detection alarm device 7 includes a monitoring system for parameters such as temperature, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and smoke concentration, which can feedback fire characteristic signals to the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5, so as to facilitate real-time monitoring of changes in temperature, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and smoke concentrations in the energy storage device integration area; correspondingly, a temperature detector 17 and a smoke concentration detector 16 are arranged on the top of each group of battery modules 11, and a temperature detector 17, a smoke concentration detector 16, a carbon monoxide detector 15, and a hydrogen detector 14 are also installed on the middle area of ​​the inner top wall of the energy storage container body 1, which are respectively connected to the fire detection alarm device 7 through lines, so as to monitor, collect and feedback fire characteristic signals such as temperature and gas concentration in real time in all directions.

[0052] The ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 is installed at the top of the energy storage container body 1, located directly above the battery module 11, and is connected to the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 through a line. Only one ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 is installed above the interior of the entire energy storage container body 1. Figure 4 As shown, the ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 includes a fixed base 19, a two-way pan-tilt head 20 and a special nozzle 21. The fixed base 19 is fixedly installed at a designated position on the top of the energy storage container body 1 by bolts. The two-way pan-tilt head 20 is installed below the fixed base 19 to carry the special nozzle 21, so that the special nozzle 21 can rotate freely up and down, left and right, and its horizontal rotation angle reaches 360° and the vertical rotation angle reaches 90°, thereby realizing directional spraying. Figure 5 As shown, the special nozzle 21 is arranged in a truncated cone shape, and 4 different nozzles 22 are arranged on it, one of which is located at the bottom center of the special nozzle 21, and the other three are located on the side of the special nozzle 21, and are equidistantly distributed; the flow rate, average particle size, and water mist dispersion state of the ultrafine water mist sprayed by each nozzle 22 are different, and are selected and used according to the size of the fire and the spread speed, and the special nozzle 21 is controlled by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 to select and switch the nozzle 22. The flow range of the special nozzle 21 is 30L / min, and the ultrafine water mist specifically refers to a group of water mist particles with an average droplet diameter of less than 100μm. The ultrafine water mist mainly relies on surface cooling, suffocation, impact emulsification and dilution mechanisms to extinguish fires. The extremely small water droplets have a large specific surface area, which can quickly absorb the heat of the flame and convert it into water vapor. At the same time, the volume expands by 1700 to 5800 times, so that the temperature near the ignition point is rapidly reduced and oxygen and other combustible gases are isolated, so that it is difficult to maintain combustion and gradually lack of oxygen to extinguish the fire to achieve the purpose of fire extinguishing.

[0053] The manufacturing material of the energy storage container body 1 is not limited to stainless steel plates, but can also be aluminum alloy profiles, fiberglass, wood, etc.

[0054] A method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, using the above-mentioned device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, when a fire occurs in the energy storage device 4 in the energy storage container body 1, the fire detection alarm device 7 receives a fire characteristic signal that exceeds the warning range, and immediately issues an alarm prompt, and the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 triggers the corresponding fire fighting measures according to the received fire characteristic signal, confirms the fire location coordinates, and controls the nearest ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 to spray ultra-fine water mist in a directional manner. Due to the flame entrainment effect, the ultra-fine water mist will be sucked into the flame to extinguish the flame that has just been ignited. After the flame is extinguished, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 begin to spray ultra-fine water mist in a wide area, forming a layer of "water mist film" in the energy storage container body 1 that covers the energy storage device 4, isolating it from the air, preventing the flame from rekindling, blocking the spread of thermal runaway, and effectively reducing the thermal runaway battery temperature and ambient temperature. At the same time, the ultra-fine water mist adheres to the surface of the battery module 11 and does not cause damage to the battery. Therefore, this method achieves the purpose of fire extinguishing and cooling without affecting the normal function of the battery module 11.

[0055] As a further optimized technical solution of the above automatic fire extinguishing and cooling method, combined with Figure 7As shown, when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 450ppm or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 500ppm or the local temperature T is greater than 80℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 3℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a first-level warning, initiates a first-level response, the emergency power off switch 2 is closed, the exhaust fan 6 is turned on, the dedicated air conditioner 3 is turned off, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 sprays water mist in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 10L / min, and other ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 rotate and spray over a wide area at a flow rate of 5L / min to timely reduce the temperature of the thermal runaway battery and the ambient temperature to prevent the battery from re-igniting and thermal runaway propagation, and adjust the spray flow in real time and monitor until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 300ppm and less than 450ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 350ppm and less than 500ppm, or the temperature of the battery module 11 exceeds 70℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 2℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a second Level 1 warning, start level 2 response, the air conditioning temperature of the dedicated air conditioner 3 is lowered by 10℃, the exhaust fan 6 is started, the ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 sprays water mist to the high temperature at a flow rate of 8L / min, and then all ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 spray in a wide area at a flow rate of 3L / min, and the spray flow rate is adjusted in real time and monitored until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 150ppm and less than 300ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 200ppm and less than 350ppm, or the local temperature T of the battery module is greater than 60℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 1℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a level 3 warning, starts the level 3 response, the exhaust fan 6 is started and runs continuously for 20min, the wind speed of the dedicated air conditioner 3 on the left side is accelerated to facilitate the discharge of harmful gases in the container, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 continuously sprays the high temperature at a flow rate of 5L / min, and monitors in real time until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range. If none of the above situations occur, there is no need to respond, and the cycle is repeated to complete the fire extinguishing and temperature control.

[0056] The fire detection alarm device 7 collects and analyzes fire characteristic signals at a frequency of 60 times / min according to the operating status of the energy storage device 4.

[0057] Embodiment 4,

[0058] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers includes an energy storage container body 1, multiple groups of energy storage equipment 4, an automatic fire extinguishing control device 5, a fire detection alarm device 7, several groups of ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 that can rotate freely up and down and left and right, and two groups of special air conditioners 3. The energy storage container body 1 is used to load other equipment and devices, and is made of stainless steel plates. The overall shape is a rectangular parallelepiped. The specific design size is determined according to the volume of the energy storage equipment 4 to be installed, and the volume is 9×2.5×3m 3, in order to achieve the main functions of energy storage and emergency power supply, it has beautiful appearance, solid overall structure and good sealing. There are also pedestrian passages and maintenance space inside.

[0059] The energy storage container body 1 is equipped with an energy storage device 4, which consists of 20 groups of battery modules 11. The arrangement is reasonably arranged according to the space in the container, preferably symmetrically arranged. Each group of battery modules 11 is integrated and installed on a fixed battery rack 18 made of flame-retardant alloy material. Liquid cooling pipes are installed between different battery modules 11 to absorb and remove the heat released during the charging and discharging process of the battery modules 11. Figure 3 As shown, each battery module 11 is composed of 2 or more battery cells 12 connected in series, and each battery cell 12 is composed of 2 or more battery cells 13 connected in series and parallel; at the same time, in order to improve the system capacity of the entire energy storage device 4, different battery modules 11 are connected in parallel. The two groups of dedicated air conditioners 3 are arranged at the two end sides of the overall layout of the energy storage device 4. According to the external ambient temperature, the air conditioning cooling and heating system is controlled through the thermal management strategy to ensure that the temperature in the energy storage container is in a suitable range to extend the battery life. The dedicated air conditioner 3 operates for a long time and the set temperature is 26°C.

[0060] An emergency power-off switch 2, an exhaust fan 6, an industrial camera 10 and an explosion-proof window 9 are also installed on the side wall of the energy storage container body 1. The emergency power-off switch 2 is installed near the door of the energy storage container body 1, and is controlled by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 through a line connection. It is mainly used to control the opening or closing of the charging and discharging process of the energy storage device 4 to prevent short circuits during spray fire extinguishing; it can also be manually turned on and off. An exhaust fan 6 is installed in a corner of the side wall of the energy storage container, and is triggered to run by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5. The motor drives the fan impeller to rotate and exhaust the gas. The fan impeller is circular and has a diameter of 30 cm; it can also be started or closed manually. The industrial camera 10 is used to monitor the situation inside the energy storage container body 1 in real time, and can realize remote viewing and control. It has the characteristics of waterproof, explosion-proof, stable and high resolution. An explosion-proof window 9 is installed on the side wall of the energy storage container, using a steel window frame and equipped with special hinges and explosion-proof devices (such as explosion-proof bolts). The window glass is made of safety glass with a thickness of 2 to 25 mm or double-layer laminated safety glass, and the glass area is 100×40 cm 2 The explosion relief pressure value is set to 10kPa; the explosion relief window 9 is reusable, releasing gas outward to reduce the internal air pressure to prevent explosions, and protecting the safety of personnel and equipment in the container to the greatest extent. It can still be opened or closed normally after explosion relief.

[0061] The automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 is arranged in the middle of the above-mentioned 20 groups of battery modules 11, and is connected to the fire detection alarm device 7 through lines. The fire detection alarm device 7 includes a monitoring system for parameters such as temperature, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and smoke concentration, which can feedback fire characteristic signals to the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5, so as to facilitate real-time monitoring of changes in temperature, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and smoke concentrations in the energy storage device integration area; correspondingly, a temperature detector 17, a smoke concentration detector 16, a carbon monoxide detector 15, and a hydrogen detector 14 are also installed in the middle area of ​​the inner top wall of the energy storage container body 1, which are respectively connected to the fire detection alarm device 7 through lines, so as to monitor, collect, and feedback fire characteristic signals such as temperature and gas concentration in real time in all directions.

[0062] The ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 is installed at the top of the energy storage container body 1, located directly above the battery module 11, and is connected to the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 through a line. On average, two ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 are symmetrically installed above every 10 groups of battery modules 11. Figure 4 As shown, the ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 includes a fixed base 19, a two-way pan-tilt head 20 and a special nozzle 21. The fixed base 19 is fixedly installed at a designated position on the top of the energy storage container body 1 by bolts. The two-way pan-tilt head 20 is installed below the fixed base 19 to carry the special nozzle 21, so that the special nozzle 21 can rotate freely up and down, left and right, and its horizontal rotation angle reaches 360° and the vertical rotation angle reaches 90°, thereby realizing directional spraying. Figure 5 As shown, the special nozzle 21 is arranged in a truncated cone shape, and two or more different nozzles 22 are arranged on it. The flow rate, average particle size, and water mist dispersion state of the ultrafine water mist sprayed by each nozzle 22 are selected and used according to the size of the fire and the spread speed. The special nozzle 21 is controlled by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 to select and switch the nozzle 22. The flow rate range of the special nozzle 21 is 1-50L / min, and the ultrafine water mist specifically refers to a group of water mist particles with an average droplet diameter of less than 100μm. The ultrafine water mist mainly relies on surface cooling, suffocation, impact emulsification and dilution mechanisms to extinguish fires. The extremely small water droplets have a large specific surface area and can quickly absorb the heat of the flame and convert into water vapor. At the same time, the volume expands by 1700-5800 times, so that the temperature near the ignition point is rapidly reduced and oxygen and other combustible gases are isolated, so that it is difficult to maintain combustion and gradually lack of oxygen to extinguish the fire to achieve the purpose of fire extinguishing.

[0063] The manufacturing material of the energy storage container body 1 is not limited to stainless steel plates, but can also be aluminum alloy profiles, fiberglass, wood, etc.

[0064] A method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, using the above-mentioned device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, when a fire occurs in the energy storage device 4 in the energy storage container body 1, the fire detection alarm device 7 receives a fire characteristic signal that exceeds the warning range, and immediately issues an alarm prompt, and the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 triggers the corresponding fire fighting measures according to the received fire characteristic signal, confirms the fire location coordinates, and controls the nearest ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 to spray ultra-fine water mist in a directional manner. Due to the flame entrainment effect, the ultra-fine water mist will be sucked into the flame to extinguish the flame that has just been ignited. After the flame is extinguished, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 begin to spray ultra-fine water mist in a wide area, forming a layer of "water mist film" in the energy storage container body 1 that covers the energy storage device 4, isolating it from the air, preventing the flame from rekindling, blocking the spread of thermal runaway, and effectively reducing the thermal runaway battery temperature and ambient temperature. At the same time, the ultra-fine water mist adheres to the surface of the battery module 11 and does not cause damage to the battery. Therefore, this method achieves the purpose of fire extinguishing and cooling without affecting the normal function of the battery module 11.

[0065] As a further optimized technical solution of the above automatic fire extinguishing and cooling method, combined with Figure 7As shown, when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 450ppm or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 500ppm or the local temperature T is greater than 80℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 3℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a first-level warning, starts a first-level response, the alarm device sounds an alarm and transmits the alarm signal to the central control room, the emergency power off switch 2 is turned off, the exhaust fan 6 is turned on, the dedicated air conditioner 3 is turned off, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 sprays water mist in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 10L / min. Other ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 rotate and spray over a wide area at a flow rate of 5L / min for 5min, timely reducing the temperature of the thermal runaway battery and the ambient temperature to prevent the battery from re-igniting and thermal runaway propagation, and adjust the spray flow in real time and monitor until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 300ppm and less than 450ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 350ppm and less than 500ppm, or the local temperature of the battery module 11 exceeds 70℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 2℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a second-level warning and starts a second-level response. The air-conditioning temperature of the dedicated air-conditioning 3 is lowered by 10°C, the exhaust fan 6 is started, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 spray water mist to the high temperature area in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 8L / min for 2 minutes. Subsequently, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 rotate and spray in a wide area at a flow rate of 3L / min for 2 minutes. The spray flow rate is adjusted in real time and monitored until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 150ppm and less than 300ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 200ppm and less than 350ppm, or the local temperature T of the battery module is greater than 60°C or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 1°C / s, the fire detection and alarm device 7 issues a third-level warning and starts a third-level response. The exhaust fan 6 is started and runs continuously for 20 minutes. The wind speed of the dedicated air-conditioning 3 is increased and the temperature is lowered by 5°C to facilitate the discharge of harmful gases in the container. The adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 spray the high temperature area continuously at a flow rate of 5L / min, and monitor in real time until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range. If none of the above situations occur, no response is required. Repeat this cycle to complete fire extinguishing and temperature control.

[0066] The fire detection alarm device 7 collects and analyzes fire characteristic signals at a frequency of 1 time / min according to the operating status of the energy storage device 4.

[0067] Embodiment 5,

[0068] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers includes an energy storage container body 1, multiple groups of energy storage equipment 4, an automatic fire extinguishing control device 5, a fire detection alarm device 7, several groups of ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 that can rotate freely up and down and left and right, and two groups of special air conditioners 3. The energy storage container body 1 is used to load other equipment and devices, and is made of stainless steel plates. The overall shape is a rectangular parallelepiped. The specific design size is determined according to the volume of the energy storage equipment 4 to be installed, and the volume is 9×2.5×3m 3 , in order to achieve the main functions of energy storage and emergency power supply, it has beautiful appearance, solid overall structure and good sealing. There are also pedestrian passages and maintenance space inside.

[0069] The energy storage container body 1 is equipped with an energy storage device 4, which consists of 12 groups of battery modules 11. The arrangement is reasonably arranged according to the space in the container, preferably symmetrically arranged. Each group of battery modules 11 is integrated and installed on a fixed battery rack 18 made of flame-retardant alloy material. Liquid cooling pipes are installed between different battery modules 11 to absorb and remove the heat released during the charging and discharging process of the battery modules 11. Figure 3 As shown, each battery module 11 is composed of 2 or more battery cells 12 connected in series, and each battery cell 12 is composed of 2 or more battery cells 13 connected in series and parallel; at the same time, in order to improve the system capacity of the entire energy storage device 4, different battery modules 11 are connected in parallel. The two groups of dedicated air conditioners 3 are arranged at the two end sides of the overall layout of the energy storage device 4. According to the external ambient temperature, the air conditioning cooling and heating system is controlled through the thermal management strategy to ensure that the temperature in the energy storage container is in a suitable range to extend the battery life. The dedicated air conditioner 3 operates for a long time and the set temperature is 23°C.

[0070] An emergency power-off switch 2, an exhaust fan 6, an industrial camera 10 and an explosion-proof window 9 are also installed on the side wall of the energy storage container body 1. The emergency power-off switch 2 is installed near the door of the energy storage container body 1, and is controlled by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 through a line connection. It is mainly used to control the opening or closing of the charging and discharging process of the energy storage device 4 to prevent short circuits during spray fire extinguishing; it can also be manually turned on and off. An exhaust fan 6 is installed in a corner of the side wall of the energy storage container, and is triggered to run by the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5. The motor drives the fan impeller to rotate and exhaust the gas. The fan impeller is circular with a diameter of 35 cm; it can also be started or closed manually. The industrial camera 10 is used to monitor the situation inside the energy storage container body 1 in real time, and can realize remote viewing and control. It has the characteristics of waterproof, explosion-proof, stable and high resolution. An explosion-proof window 9 is installed on the side wall of the energy storage container. It uses a steel window frame and is equipped with special hinges and explosion-proof devices (such as explosion-proof bolts). The window glass is made of 25mm thick safety glass or double-layer laminated safety glass, and the glass area is 50×60cm 2The explosion relief pressure value is set to 8kPa; the explosion relief window 9 is reusable, releasing gas outward to reduce the internal air pressure to prevent explosions, thereby protecting the safety of personnel and equipment in the container to the greatest extent, and can still be opened or closed normally after explosion relief.

[0071] The automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 is arranged in the middle of the above-mentioned 12 groups of battery modules 11, and is connected to the fire detection alarm device 7 through lines. The fire detection alarm device 7 includes a monitoring system for parameters such as temperature, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and smoke concentration, which can feedback fire characteristic signals to the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5, so as to facilitate real-time monitoring of changes in temperature, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and smoke concentrations in the energy storage device integration area; correspondingly, a temperature detector 17 and a smoke concentration detector 16 are arranged on the top of each group of battery modules 11, and a temperature detector 17, a smoke concentration detector 16, a carbon monoxide detector 15, and a hydrogen detector 14 are also installed on the middle area of ​​the inner top wall of the energy storage container body 1, which are respectively connected to the fire detection alarm device 7 through lines, so as to monitor, collect and feedback fire characteristic signals such as temperature and gas concentration in real time in all directions.

[0072] The ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 is installed at the top of the energy storage container body 1, located directly above the battery module 11, and is connected to the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 through a line. On average, one ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 is installed above every three battery modules 11. Figure 4 As shown, the ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 includes a fixed base 19, a two-way pan-tilt head 20 and a special nozzle 21. The fixed base 19 is fixedly installed at a designated position on the top of the energy storage container body 1 by bolts. The two-way pan-tilt head 20 is installed below the fixed base 19 to carry the special nozzle 21, so that the special nozzle 21 can rotate freely up and down, left and right, and its horizontal rotation angle reaches 360° and the vertical rotation angle reaches 90°, thereby realizing directional spraying. Figure 6As shown, the special nozzle 21 is in the shape of a square pyramid, on which 9 different nozzles 22 are arranged, one of which is located at the bottom center of the special nozzle 21, and the other eight nozzles 22 are respectively located on the four sides of the square pyramid nozzle, all at the center of the corresponding side, and arranged up and down; the flow rate, average particle size, and dispersion state of the ultrafine water mist sprayed by each nozzle 22 are selected and used according to the size of the fire and the spread speed, and the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 controls the special nozzle 21 to select and switch between the nozzles 22; the ultrafine water mist specifically refers to a group of water mist particles with an average droplet diameter of less than 100μm. The ultrafine water mist mainly relies on surface cooling, suffocation, impact emulsification and dilution mechanisms to extinguish fires. The extremely small water droplets have a large specific surface area, which can quickly absorb the heat of the flame and convert it into water vapor. At the same time, the volume expands by 1700 to 5800 times, so that the temperature near the ignition point is rapidly reduced and oxygen and other combustible gases are isolated, so that it is difficult to maintain combustion and gradually lack of oxygen to extinguish the fire to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire.

[0073] The manufacturing material of the energy storage container body 1 is not limited to stainless steel plates, but can also be aluminum alloy profiles, fiberglass, wood, etc.

[0074] A method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, using the above-mentioned device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, when a fire occurs in the energy storage device 4 in the energy storage container body 1, the fire detection alarm device 7 receives a fire characteristic signal that exceeds the warning range, and immediately issues an alarm prompt, and the automatic fire extinguishing control device 5 triggers the corresponding fire fighting measures according to the received fire characteristic signal, confirms the fire location coordinates, and controls the nearest ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 to spray ultra-fine water mist in a directional manner. Due to the flame entrainment effect, the ultra-fine water mist will be sucked into the flame to extinguish the flame that has just been ignited. After the flame is extinguished, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 begin to spray ultra-fine water mist in a wide area, forming a layer of "water mist film" in the energy storage container body 1 that covers the energy storage device 4, isolating it from the air, preventing the flame from rekindling, blocking the spread of thermal runaway, and effectively reducing the thermal runaway battery temperature and ambient temperature. At the same time, the ultra-fine water mist adheres to the surface of the battery module 11 and does not cause damage to the battery. Therefore, this method achieves the purpose of fire extinguishing and cooling without affecting the normal function of the battery module 11.

[0075] As a further optimized technical solution of the above automatic fire extinguishing and cooling method, combined with Figure 7As shown, when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 450ppm or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 500ppm or the local temperature T is greater than 80℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 3℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a first-level warning, starts a first-level response, the alarm device sounds an alarm and transmits the alarm signal to the central control room, the emergency power off switch 2 is turned off, the exhaust fan 6 is turned on, the dedicated air conditioner 3 is turned off, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 sprays water mist in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 10L / min. Other ultra-fine water mist nozzles rotate and spray over a wide area at a flow rate of 5L / min for 10min, timely reducing the temperature of the thermal runaway battery and the ambient temperature to prevent the battery from re-igniting and thermal runaway propagation, and adjust the spray flow in real time and monitor until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when it is detected that the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 300ppm and less than 450ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 350ppm and less than 500ppm, or the temperature of the battery module 11 exceeds 70℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 2℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a second-level warning and starts a second-level response. The air-conditioning temperature of the dedicated air-conditioning 3 is lowered by 10°C, the exhaust fan 6 is started, and the ultra-fine water mist nozzle 8 sprays water mist to the high temperature area in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 8L / min. Subsequently, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 rotate and spray over a wide area at a flow rate of 3L / min for 2 minutes. The spray flow rate is adjusted in real time and monitored until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when the carbon monoxide concentration is greater than 150ppm and less than 300ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 200ppm and less than 350ppm, or the local temperature T of the battery module is greater than 60°C or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 1°C / s, the fire detection alarm device 7 issues a third-level warning and starts a third-level response. The exhaust fan 6 is started and runs continuously for 20 minutes. The wind speed of the dedicated air-conditioning 3 on the left side is increased and the temperature is lowered by 5°C to facilitate the discharge of harmful gases in the container. The adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles 8 continuously spray the high temperature area at a flow rate of 5L / min, and monitor in real time until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range. If none of the above situations occur, no response is required. Repeat this cycle to complete fire extinguishing and temperature control.

[0076] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers, characterized in that: It includes an energy storage container body, multiple groups of energy storage equipment, an automatic fire extinguishing control device, a fire detection alarm device, several groups of ultra-fine water mist nozzles that can rotate freely up, down, left and right, and multiple groups of special air conditioners, wherein the energy storage container body is used to load other equipment and devices, multiple groups of energy storage equipment are arranged side by side inside the energy storage container body, and the special air conditioners are arranged inside the energy storage container body. The automatic fire extinguishing control device is arranged in the middle position inside the energy storage container body and is connected to the fire detection alarm device through a line. The fire detection alarm device feeds back a fire characteristic signal to the automatic fire extinguishing control device; several groups of ultra-fine water mist nozzles are installed at the top of the inner part of the energy storage container body, located above the energy storage equipment, and are connected to the automatic fire extinguishing control device through a line for control.

2. The device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy storage container body is a rectangular structure with a length, width and height between 1 and 20 meters, and is provided with a pedestrian passage and maintenance space inside; an emergency power-off switch, an exhaust fan, an industrial camera and an explosion-proof window are also installed on the side wall of the energy storage container body. The emergency power-off switch is installed near the door of the energy storage container body, and is mainly used to control the opening or blocking of the charging and discharging process of the energy storage equipment. It is controlled by the automatic fire extinguishing control device through a line connection, and can be automatically opened and closed by the automatic fire extinguishing control device, and can also be manually opened and closed; the exhaust fan is triggered to run by the automatic fire extinguishing control device, and can also be manually started or closed; the industrial camera is used to monitor the situation inside the energy storage container body in real time.

3. The device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy storage device is composed of 1 to 80 groups of battery modules, each group of battery modules is integrated and installed on a fixed battery rack in a symmetrical arrangement, and liquid cooling pipes are installed between different battery modules; the battery module is composed of 2 or more battery units connected in series, and each battery unit is composed of 2 or more battery cells combined in series and parallel.

4. The device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ultra-fine water mist nozzles are installed at the top of the energy storage container body, directly above the battery module, and the ratio of the number of battery modules to the ultra-fine water mist nozzles ranges from 10:1 to 1:

10.

5. The device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ultra-fine water mist nozzle includes a fixed base, a two-way pan-tilt head and a special nozzle. The fixed base is installed at a designated position on the top of the energy storage container body, and the two-way pan-tilt head is installed below the fixed base for carrying the special nozzle, so that the horizontal rotation angle of the special nozzle reaches 360° and the vertical rotation angle reaches 90°; the special nozzle is in the shape of a truncated cone or a regular polygonal cone, and 2 to 6 different nozzles are evenly distributed on its side. The flow rate, average particle size and water mist dispersion state of the ultra-fine water mist sprayed by each nozzle are different. The special nozzle is switched by controlling the automatic fire extinguishing control device, and is selected for use according to the size of the fire and the spread speed; the flow range of the special nozzle is 1 to 50L / min.

6. The device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The ultrafine water mist specifically refers to a group of water mist particles with an average droplet diameter of less than 100 μm.

7. The device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of temperature detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, hydrogen detectors, and smoke concentration detectors are also installed on the inner top of the energy storage container body, which are respectively connected to the fire detection and alarm device through lines to monitor and feedback the temperature and gas concentration in real time.

8. The device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The explosion-proof window adopts a steel window frame and is equipped with special hinges and explosion-proof devices. The window sash glass adopts safety glass with a thickness of 2 to 25 mm or double-layer laminated safety glass, and the glass area is 10×10 cm 2 ~100×100cm 2 The explosion relief pressure value is set to 1-20 kPa; the explosion relief window is reusable and can still be opened or closed normally after explosion relief.

9. A method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of an energy storage container, using the device for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of an energy storage container as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: When a fire occurs in the energy storage equipment in the energy storage container, the fire detection alarm device receives a fire characteristic signal that exceeds the warning range and immediately issues an alarm prompt. The automatic fire extinguishing control device triggers corresponding fire fighting measures based on the received fire characteristic signal, confirms the fire location, and controls the nearest ultra-fine water mist nozzle to spray ultra-fine water mist in a directional manner. After the flame is extinguished, all ultra-fine water mist nozzles begin to spray ultra-fine water mist over a wide area, forming a layer of "water mist film" in the energy storage container that covers the energy storage equipment and continuously cools it down.

10. A method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the carbon monoxide concentration is detected to be greater than 450ppm or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 500ppm or the local temperature T is greater than 80℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 3℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device will issue a first-level warning and initiate a first-level response. The emergency power off switch will be turned off, the dedicated air conditioner will be turned off, the exhaust fan will be turned on, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles will spray water mist in a directional and continuous manner at a flow rate of 10L / min. Other ultra-fine water mist nozzles will spray in a wide area at a flow rate of 5L / min. The spray flow rate will be adjusted in real time and monitored until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range. When the carbon monoxide concentration is detected to be greater than 300ppm and less than 450ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 350ppm and less than 500ppm, or the local temperature T of the battery module exceeds 70℃ or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 2℃ / s, the fire detection alarm device will issue a second-level warning and initiate a second-level response. Level 2 response: the air conditioning temperature is lowered by 10°C, the exhaust fan is started, and then the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles continuously spray the high temperature at a flow rate of 8L / min, and other ultra-fine water mist nozzles rotate and spray over a wide area at a flow rate of 3L / min. The spray flow rate is adjusted in real time and monitored until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range; when the carbon monoxide concentration is detected to be greater than 150ppm and less than 300ppm, or the hydrogen concentration is greater than 200ppm and less than 350ppm, or the local temperature T of the battery module is greater than 60°C or the temperature rise ΔT is greater than 1°C / s, the fire detection and alarm device issues a level 3 warning and initiates a level 3 response. The exhaust fan is started and runs continuously, the wind speed of the special air conditioner is increased and the temperature is lowered by 5°C, and the adjacent ultra-fine water mist nozzles continuously spray the high temperature at a flow rate of 5L / min, and monitor in real time until the temperature and gas concentration fall out of this warning range.

11. A method for automatic fire extinguishing and cooling of energy storage containers according to claim 10, characterized in that: The fire detection alarm device collects and analyzes fire characteristic signals at a frequency of 1 to 60 times / min according to the operating status of the energy storage device.

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