Electric vehicle power battery with protection mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses an electric vehicle power battery with a protection mechanism and relates to the technical field of electric vehicle power batteries. The electric vehicle power battery comprises a main protection mechanism, a vehicle battery body is arranged in the main protection mechanism, a battery support plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main protection mechanism, a plurality of heavy-load springs are connected to the lower end of the battery support plate, a bottom plate is connected to the lower ends of the heavy-load springs, a plurality of connecting plates are fixedly connected to the periphery of the bottom plate, a carbon dioxide jet component is arranged at the upper end of the main protection mechanism, a dry powder jet tank is arranged at the lower part of the main protection mechanism, the carbon dioxide jet component and the dry powder jet tank are connected with a movable pushing component, and an automatic expansion component is arranged between the movable pushing component and the connecting plates. When a collision occurs, the automatic expansion component expands, the movable pushing component is pushed to move, the carbon dioxide jet component and the dry powder jet tank are further caused to work, and fire extinguishing and temperature reduction are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle power battery technology, specifically to an electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Power batteries are the core component of new energy vehicles and an important direction for future energy transformation. They differ primarily from starter batteries used to start car engines, and mostly employ valve-sealed lead-acid batteries, open-type tubular lead-acid batteries, and lithium iron phosphate batteries. During transportation, electric vehicle power batteries are protected and secured using protective mechanisms to prevent them from suffering excessive impact.

[0003] While existing electric vehicle power batteries have protective mechanisms, these mechanisms can still be damaged upon impact. Furthermore, impacts can cause damage to the metal casing, leakage of internal electrolyte, and even sparks from friction. Therefore, these technologies do not meet current requirements. To address this, we propose an electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism, comprising a main protective structure and an automotive battery body. A battery support plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main protective structure, and the automotive battery body is disposed on the battery support plate and within the main protective structure. A base plate is provided below the battery support plate, and multiple heavy-duty springs are provided between the base plate and the battery support plate. Multiple connecting plates are fixedly connected around the base plate, and the connecting plates surround the main protective structure.

[0006] An automatic expansion component is fixedly connected to the inner side of the upper end of the connecting plate. A carbon dioxide jet component is fixedly connected to the upper end of the main protective structure. A dry powder jet canister is provided at the lower end of the main protective structure. The dry powder jet canister is fixed to the base plate. A movable pushing component is also provided between the automatic expansion component and the main protective structure. The upper end of the movable pushing component is movably connected to the carbon dioxide jet component, and the lower end of the movable pushing component is movably connected to the dry powder jet canister. One end of the dry powder jet canister is provided with a nozzle, and a plug is inserted into the nozzle. The automatic expansion component can expand when the connecting plate collides. After expanding, the automatic expansion component can drive the movable pushing component to act on the carbon dioxide jet component and the dry powder jet canister, so that the carbon dioxide jet component and the dry powder jet canister work to cool down and extinguish the fire of the car battery body.

[0007] Preferably, the main protective structure includes multiple support frames, each of which corresponds to a connecting plate. Each support frame has an inner slot through which a buffer plate is inserted.

[0008] Preferably, the movable pushing component includes a movable plate movably disposed at the front end of the support frame, and a first push column is fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable plate. The first push column is configured to correspond one-to-one with the carbon dioxide jet component, and the first push column enters the carbon dioxide jet component.

[0009] Preferably, the carbon dioxide jetting component includes a tank shell fixedly connected to a support frame. An inner support plate is fixedly connected to the interior of the tank shell along its long axis. A baffle is radially provided inside the tank shell. The upper end of the baffle is hinged to the upper end of the interior of the tank shell. A curved spring is connected to one end of the baffle. One end of the curved spring is connected to the upper end face of the interior of the tank shell. A storage box is placed on the upper end of the inner support plate. The first push post and the baffle respectively abut against the two ends of the storage box. After the automatic expansion component expands, it drives the first push post to move closer to the baffle. After the baffle is squeezed, it moves closer to the upper end face of the tank shell, causing the storage box to fall off the inner support plate. The storage box has holes.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the outer shell of the tank is filled with a strong acid solution, the liquid level of the strong acid solution does not exceed the inner support plate, and the storage box is filled with sodium bicarbonate powder; after the storage box falls off the inner support plate, the sodium bicarbonate powder inside the storage box reacts with the strong acid solution to generate carbon dioxide gas; the outer shell of the tank is also provided with a pressure relief valve.

[0011] Preferably, a pushing assembly is fixedly connected to the lower end of the movable plate. The pushing assembly is configured one-to-one with the dry powder spray can. Each pushing assembly includes a horizontal plate and at least two second push rods. The at least two second push rods are located on the outside of the dry powder spray can. The front end of each second push rod is fixedly connected to the movable plate, and the rear end is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate. The horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the plug. After the automatic expansion component expands, it drives the second push rods to move towards the horizontal plate, causing the horizontal plate to dislodge the plug, thus enabling the dry powder spray can to operate.

[0012] Preferably, a support block is fitted onto the surface of the second pusher, and the lower end of the support block is fixedly connected to the base plate.

[0013] Preferably, the dry powder spray canister contains a dry powder extinguishing agent.

[0014] Preferably, the automatic expansion component includes a deformable shell and a partition, the partition being disposed within the deformable shell and dividing the deformable shell into a first inner cavity and a second inner cavity, the first inner cavity being located above the second inner cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the deformable shell is located between the connecting plate and the movable plate. The two ends of the partition abut against the inner wall of the deformable shell, simultaneously pressing the outer wall of the deformable shell into contact with the surfaces of the movable plate and the connecting plate. The deformable shell is made of an elastic soft rubber material, and the partition is made of a fragile material. The first inner cavity is filled with sodium bicarbonate powder, and the second inner cavity is filled with a strong acid solution. When the connecting plate collides, the connecting plate approaches the movable plate, causing the partition to shatter. The sodium bicarbonate powder in the first inner cavity enters the second inner cavity and reacts with the strong acid solution in the second inner cavity.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. When the battery is impacted, the automatic expansion component expands, squeezing the movable pushing component. The movable pushing component acts on the carbon dioxide spray component and the dry powder spray canister, causing the carbon dioxide spray component to spray carbon dioxide and the dry powder spray canister to spray dry powder fire extinguishing agent, thereby achieving the effect of cooling and extinguishing the car battery.

[0018] 2. When the connecting plate and the automatic expansion component are impacted, the movable pushing component operates, causing the first and second push columns to run simultaneously. This, in turn, causes the upper carbon dioxide jet component and the lower dry powder jet canister to run simultaneously. Consequently, the carbon dioxide jet component and the dry powder jet canister simultaneously provide fireproofing and cooling to the upper and lower ends of the car battery body. The carbon dioxide jet component utilizes carbon dioxide for fireproofing, while the dry powder jet canister utilizes dry powder for fireproofing. The combined use of the two makes the cooling effect more significant.

[0019] 3. After the automatic expansion component expands, it pushes the first pusher of the movable plate to the rear end. The first pusher compresses the storage box, forcing it to move backward. During this backward movement, the storage box compresses the baffle, which overcomes the elastic force of the curved spring and moves closer to the upper surface of the tank shell. Due to the large gap between the inner support plate and the inner wall of the tank shell, the storage box moves a certain distance and then detaches from the inner support plate, falling into the lower part of the tank shell. The surface of the entire storage box is covered with numerous micropores. These micropores prevent sodium bicarbonate powder from escaping. When the storage box falls from the inner support plate to the lower part of the tank shell, the strong acid solution in the lower part of the tank shell enters the storage box through the micropores on its surface. At this time, the strong acid solution and sodium bicarbonate powder mix and produce a large amount of carbon dioxide. Finally, the carbon dioxide is released from the pressure relief valve on the outer surface of the carbon dioxide jet component. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The disclosure of this invention will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. Furthermore, similar numbers in the drawings are used to denote similar components, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the overall internal structure and the movable actuating components of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view of the entire invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the movable propulsion component, the carbon dioxide jet component, and the dry powder jet canister in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the active propulsion component, carbon dioxide jet component, and dry powder jet can of the present invention in another state;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main protection architecture in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Connecting plate; 2. Movable pushing component; 201. Movable plate; 202. First push column; 203. Second push column; 204. Support block; 205. Horizontal plate; 3. Carbon dioxide spray component; 301. Tank shell; 302. Inner support plate; 303. Storage box; 304. Baffle; 305. Curved spring; 4. Automatic expansion component; 401. First inner cavity; 402. Partition; 403. Second inner cavity; 5. Main protective structure; 501. Support frame; 502. Inner slot; 503. Buffer plate; 6. Car battery body; 7. Dry powder spray can; 8. Plug; 9. Battery support plate; 10. Heavy-duty spring; 11. Pressure relief valve; 12. Base plate; 13. Nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0030] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the workpiece of this invention is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This invention provides an electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism, including a main protective structure 5 and an automotive battery body 6. A battery support plate 9 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main protective structure 5. The automotive battery body 6 is disposed on the battery support plate 9 and is located within the main protective structure 5. A base plate 12 is provided below the battery support plate 9. Multiple heavy-duty springs 10 are provided between the base plate 12 and the battery support plate 9. Multiple connecting plates 1 are fixedly connected around the base plate 12, and the connecting plates 1 surround the main protective structure 5. An automatic expansion component 4 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the upper end of the connecting plate 1. A carbon dioxide spray component 3 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the main protective frame 5. A dry powder spray canister 7 is provided at the lower end of the main protective frame 5. The dry powder spray canister 7 is fixed on the base plate 12. A movable pushing component 2 is also provided between the automatic expansion component 4 and the main protective frame 5. The upper end of the movable pushing component 2 is movably connected to the carbon dioxide spray component 3, and the lower end of the movable pushing component 2 is movably connected to the dry powder spray canister 7. One end of the dry powder spray canister 7 is provided with a nozzle 13, and a plug 8 is inserted into the nozzle 13. The automatic expansion component 4 can expand when the connecting plate 1 is impacted. After the automatic expansion component 4 expands, it can drive the movable pushing component 2 to act on the carbon dioxide spray component 3 and the dry powder spray canister 7, so that the carbon dioxide spray component 3 and the dry powder spray canister 7 work to cool down and extinguish the fire of the car battery body 6.

[0036] Multiple heavy-duty springs 10 are positioned between the battery support plate 9 and the base plate 12, providing a supportive connection between them and supporting multiple vehicle battery bodies 6 on the upper part of the main protective structure 5. In the event of a collision, the multiple heavy-duty springs 10 act as a buffer for the vehicle battery bodies 6.

[0037] The main protective structure 5 includes multiple support frames 501, each with a through-hole slot 502. A buffer plate 503 is inserted into the slot 502. Each support frame 501 corresponds to a connecting plate 1. Preferably, there are four support frames 501 and four connecting plates 1. The four support frames 501 serve to limit and fix the multiple automotive battery bodies 6, thus providing protection. Furthermore, by providing the through-hole slot 502 within the support frame 501 and inserting the buffer plate 503 into it, the buffer plate 503, made of a soft material, can absorb some of the impact force when the main protective structure 5 is subjected to a collision, further improving the overall protective effect of the main protective structure 5.

[0038] The aforementioned movable pushing component 2 includes a movable plate 201 located at the front end of the support frame 501. A first pusher 202 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the upper end of the movable plate 201. The first pusher 202 is correspondingly arranged with the carbon dioxide spray component 3 and is inserted into the interior of the corresponding tank shell 301. A pushing assembly is fixedly connected to the rear side of the lower end of the movable plate 201. The pushing assembly is correspondingly arranged with the dry powder spray tank 7. Each pushing assembly includes a horizontal plate 205 and at least two second pushers 203. The at least two second pushers 203 are located on the outside of the dry powder spray tank 7. The front end of each second pusher 203 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 201, and the rear end is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate 205. The horizontal plate 205 is fixedly connected to the pin plug 8. After the automatic expansion component 4 expands, it drives the second pusher 203 to move closer to the horizontal plate 205. Under the action of the horizontal plate 205, the pin plug 8 falls off, at which time the dry powder spray tank 7 sprays dry powder extinguishing agent. Furthermore, a support block 204 is fitted on the surface of the second push column 203. The lower end of the support block 204 is fixedly connected to the base plate 12. The support block 204 has a through hole at the front and rear. The second push column 203 is inserted into the through hole to increase the stability of the second push column 203 in lateral movement.

[0039] The carbon dioxide jetting component 3 includes a tank shell 301 fixedly connected to the upper end of a support frame 501. A baffle 304 is provided in the middle of the tank shell 301. The upper end of the baffle 304 is connected to the upper end of the interior of the tank shell 301 via a hinge. A curved spring 305 is connected to one end of the baffle 304, and the other end of the curved spring 305 is connected to the upper end face of the interior of the tank shell 301. An inner support plate 302 is fixedly connected inside the tank shell 301. The inner support plate 302 is arranged along the length of the tank shell 301 and extends from one side of the tank shell 301 to the position of the baffle 304. A storage box 303 is placed on the upper end of the inner support plate 302. The distance between the inner support plate 302 and the other side of the tank shell 301 is greater than the length of the storage box 303, allowing the storage box 303 to fall from the inner support plate 302 to the lower part of the tank shell 301.

[0040] The tank shell 301 contains a strong acid solution at its bottom, with the solution level not exceeding that of the inner support plate 302. The storage box 303 contains sodium bicarbonate powder. After the storage box 303 falls off the inner support plate 302, the strong acid solution can enter, causing the sodium bicarbonate powder inside to react with the acid solution and generate carbon dioxide gas. The tank shell 301 is also equipped with a pressure relief valve 11, from which carbon dioxide gas can be ejected.

[0041] In practice, holes can be provided at the top of the storage box 303. When the storage box 303 is placed on the inner support plate 302, the holes at the top of the storage box 303 are far away from the strong acid solution, preventing the strong acid solution at the bottom of the tank shell 301 from entering the storage box 303 due to vehicle movement. If the storage box 303 falls, the strong acid solution can enter the storage box 303 through these holes.

[0042] When the overall moving push component 2 is not moving, the overall baffle 304 is located at the upper end of the inner support plate 302. Under the action of the extension force of the curved spring 305, the baffle 304 moves towards one side of the storage box 303, preventing the storage box 303 from falling into the strong acid solution inside the tank shell 301 when the vehicle shakes without the push of the first push column 202.

[0043] The automatic expansion component 4 includes a deformable shell and a partition 402. The partition 402 is disposed within the deformable shell and divides the deformable shell into a first inner cavity 401 and a second inner cavity 403. The first inner cavity 401 is located above the second inner cavity 403. In one possible implementation, the deformable shell is located between the connecting plate 1 and the movable plate 201. The two ends of the partition 402 abut against the inner wall of the deformable shell, while simultaneously pressing the outer wall of the deformable shell into contact with the surfaces of the movable plate 201 and the connecting plate 1. The deformable shell is made of an elastic soft rubber material, such as PVC (Polyvinyl chloride). The partition 402 is made of a fragile material, such as PS (Polystyrene), and to ensure that the partition 402 can break under stress, it is designed to have a small wall thickness. The first inner cavity 401 is filled with sodium bicarbonate powder, and the second inner cavity 403 is filled with a strong acid solution. When the connecting plate 1 collides, the connecting plate 1 approaches the movable plate 201, causing the partition 402 to break. The sodium bicarbonate powder in the first inner cavity 401 enters the second inner cavity 403 and reacts with the strong acid solution in the second inner cavity 403.

[0044] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 When the partition 402 shatters upon collision with the connecting plate 1 and the automatic expansion component 4, sodium bicarbonate powder inside the upper part of the first inner cavity 401 enters the second inner cavity 403. The sodium bicarbonate powder reacts with the strong acid solution contained in the second inner cavity 403 to produce a large amount of carbon dioxide. It is worth noting that even if the automatic expansion component 4 is damaged after the collision, the carbon dioxide produced by this chemical reaction remains, thus giving the entire automatic expansion component 4 fire-resistant and fire-extinguishing properties.

[0045] After the automatic expansion component 4 expands, the movable plate 201 pushes the first push column 202 to the rear end. The first push column 202 squeezes the storage box 303, forcing the storage box 303 to move backward. During the backward movement of the storage box 303, the storage box 303 squeezes the baffle 304. The baffle 304 overcomes the elastic force of the curved spring 305 and moves closer to the upper end face of the tank shell 301. Since there is a large gap between the inner support plate 302 and the inner wall of the tank shell 301, the storage box 303 moves a certain distance and then detaches from the inner support plate 302 and falls into the lower part of the tank shell 301. The upper part or top of the storage box 303 has a large number of holes. When the storage box 303 is placed on the inner support plate 302, the sodium bicarbonate powder will not fall out from these holes. When the storage box 303 falls from the inner support plate 302 to the lower part of the tank shell 301, the strong acid solution in the lower part of the tank shell 301 will enter the storage box 303 through the holes. After the strong acid solution and sodium bicarbonate powder are mixed, a large amount of carbon dioxide is generated. Finally, the carbon dioxide is released from the pressure relief valve 11 on the outer surface of the carbon dioxide jet component 3.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the connecting plate 1 and the automatic expansion component 4 are impacted, the movable pushing component 2 operates, causing the first push column 202 and the second push column 203 to operate simultaneously. This drives the upper carbon dioxide spray component 3 and the lower dry powder spray canister 7 to operate simultaneously. The carbon dioxide spray component 3 sprays carbon dioxide, and the dry powder spray canister 7 sprays dry powder. Both simultaneously extinguish and cool the upper and lower ends of the car battery body 6. The combined use of the two is beneficial to improve the fire extinguishing and cooling effect.

[0047] The working process of the electric vehicle power battery with the aforementioned protective mechanism includes:

[0048] When the battery is not subjected to strong external impact, the overall frame of the battery is intact, the automatic expansion component 4 is in a "dormant" state, the carbon dioxide jet component 3 does not produce carbon dioxide, and the dry powder jet canister 7 does not spray dry powder extinguishing agent.

[0049] When the battery is impacted and causes the connecting plate 1 to be squeezed and deformed, the separator 402 inside the automatic expansion component 4 breaks, and the first inner cavity 401 and the second inner cavity 403 are connected. The sodium bicarbonate powder inside the upper end of the first inner cavity 401 enters the second inner cavity 403 and reacts with the strong acid solution inside the second inner cavity 403 to produce a large amount of carbon dioxide.

[0050] As the amount of carbon dioxide inside the automatic expansion component 4 increases, the automatic expansion component 4 expands rapidly. Since the connecting plate 1 is in a fixed state and the movable plate 201 is in a movable state, the expanding automatic expansion component 4 will push the movable plate 201 to move away from the connecting plate 1. Then, the movable plate 201 will drive the first pusher 202 and the second pusher 203 to move.

[0051] The first pusher 202 squeezes the storage box 303, forcing it to move backward. As the storage box 303 moves backward, it squeezes the baffle 304, causing the baffle 304 to move upward against the elastic force of the spring 305. Finally, the storage box 303 falls from the upper end of the inner support plate 302 into the strong acid solution at the lower end of the tank shell 301. At this time, the strong acid solution enters the storage box 303 and mixes with the sodium bicarbonate powder inside the storage box 303, generating a large amount of carbon dioxide gas inside the tank shell 301. Finally, the carbon dioxide gas inside the tank shell 301 is released from the pressure relief valve 11 outside the carbon dioxide jet component 3, providing fire prevention and extinguishing treatment above the car battery body 6.

[0052] While the movable plate 201 pushes the first push column 202 to move laterally, the movable plate 201 also pushes the second push column 203 at the lower end. The second push column 203 drives the horizontal plate 205 on one side to move to the rear end. The plug 8 fixedly connected to one side of the horizontal plate 205 is dislodged from the nozzle 13, so that the dry powder extinguishing agent in the dry powder spray tank 7 is sprayed out from the nozzle 13 to fireproof and cool the lower end of the car battery body 6.

[0053] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism, comprising a main protective structure (5) and an automotive battery body (6), characterized in that: A battery support plate (9) is fixed at the lower end of the main protective structure (5). The car battery body (6) is located on the battery support plate (9) and inside the main protective structure (5). Multiple heavy-duty springs (10) are provided between the battery support plate (9) and the bottom plate (12) located below it. Multiple connecting plates (1) are fixed around the bottom plate (12). The connecting plates (1) surround the main protective structure (5). An automatic expansion component (4) is fixed to the inner side of the upper end of the connecting plate (1). A carbon dioxide jet component (3) is fixed to the upper end of the main protective structure (5), and a dry powder jet tank (7) is provided at the lower end. An active pushing component (2) is provided between the automatic expansion component (4) and the main protective structure (5). The upper end of the active pushing component (2) is movably connected to the carbon dioxide jet component (3), and the lower end is movably connected to the dry powder jet tank (7). The carbon dioxide jet component (3) is provided with a storage box (303) containing sodium bicarbonate powder and a strong acid solution below the storage box (303). The dry powder jet tank (7) is fixed on the base plate (12), and the nozzle (13) of the dry powder jet tank is plugged inside. The main protective structure (5) includes multiple support frames (501) and a movable pushing component (2) including a movable plate (201) movably disposed at the front end of the support frame (501). The upper end of the movable plate (201) is fixedly connected to a first push post (202), which abuts against the storage box (303). The lower end of the movable plate (201) is fixedly connected to a pushing assembly, which includes a horizontal plate (205) and a second push post (203). The horizontal plate (205) is fixedly connected to the plug (8), and the front end of the second push post (203) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (201) and the rear end is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate (205). When the connecting plate (1) collides, the automatic expansion component (4) expands and drives the movable pushing component (2) to move, causing the first pusher (202) at the upper end of the movable plate (201) to push the storage box (303) into the strong acid solution so that the sodium bicarbonate powder comes into contact with the strong acid solution and reacts. At the same time, the second pusher (203) at the lower end of the movable plate (201) pushes the transverse plate (205), and the transverse plate (205) causes the plug (8) to fall off.

2. The electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (501) is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the connecting plate (1). The support frame (501) is provided with an inner slot (502) through it. A buffer plate (503) is inserted into the inner slot (502).

3. The electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pusher (202) is configured to correspond one-to-one with the carbon dioxide jet component (3), and the first pusher (202) enters the carbon dioxide jet component (3).

4. The electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide jet component (3) includes a tank shell (301) fixedly connected to a support frame (501). An inner support plate (302) is fixedly connected to the inside of the tank shell (301) along its long axis. A baffle (304) is provided radially inside the tank shell (301). The upper end of the baffle (304) is connected to the upper end of the inside of the tank shell (301) by a hinge. A curved spring (305) is connected to one end of the baffle (304). One end of the curved spring (305) is connected to the upper end of the inside of the tank shell (301). At the end face, a storage box (303) is placed on the upper end of the inner support plate (302). The first pusher (202) and the baffle (304) respectively abut against the two ends of the storage box (303). After the automatic expansion component (4) expands, it drives the first pusher (202) to move closer to the baffle (304). After the baffle (304) is squeezed, it moves closer to the upper end face of the tank shell (301), causing the storage box (303) to fall off the inner support plate (302). The storage box (303) is provided with holes.

5. The electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer shell (301) of the tank is filled with a strong acid solution, the liquid level of which does not exceed the inner support plate (302). The storage box (303) is filled with sodium bicarbonate powder. After the storage box (303) falls off the inner support plate (302), the sodium bicarbonate powder inside the storage box (303) reacts with the strong acid solution to generate carbon dioxide gas. The outer shell (301) of the tank is also provided with a pressure relief valve (11).

6. The electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pushing components are configured one-to-one with the dry powder spray can (7). Each pushing component includes a horizontal plate (205) and at least two second pushers (203). The at least two second pushers (203) are located on the outside of the dry powder spray can (7). The front end of each second pusher (203) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (201), and the rear end is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate (205). The horizontal plate (205) and the plug (8) are fixedly connected. After the automatic expansion component (4) expands, it drives the second pusher (203) to move closer to the horizontal plate (205), so that the horizontal plate (205) drives the plug (8) to fall off, and the dry powder spray can (7) works.

7. An electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface of the second pusher (203) is fitted with a support block (204), and the lower end of the support block (204) is fixedly connected to the base plate (12).

8. An electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dry powder spray tank (7) contains dry powder extinguishing agent.

9. An electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The automatic expansion component (4) includes a deformable shell and a partition (402). The partition (402) is disposed inside the deformable shell and divides the deformable shell into a first inner cavity (401) and a second inner cavity (403). The first inner cavity (401) is located above the second inner cavity (403).

10. An electric vehicle power battery with a protective mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: The deformable shell is located between the connecting plate (1) and the movable plate (201). The two ends of the partition (402) abut against the inner wall of the deformable shell, while squeezing the outer wall of the deformable shell into contact with the surfaces of the movable plate (201) and the connecting plate (1). The deformable shell is made of elastic soft rubber material, and the partition (402) is made of fragile material. The first inner cavity (401) is filled with sodium bicarbonate powder, and the second inner cavity (403) is filled with a strong acid solution. When the connecting plate (1) collides, the connecting plate (1) approaches the movable plate (201), causing the partition (402) to break. The sodium bicarbonate powder in the first inner cavity (401) enters the second inner cavity (403) and reacts with the strong acid solution in the second inner cavity (403).

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