Simultaneous multi-panel uplink data transmission

Abstract

A wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information indicating a first set of SRS resources and a second set of SRS resources. The WTRU may receive a first DCI including a first UL grant. The first DCI may include a first indication for simultaneous transmission with a plurality of panels. The first DCI may include a second indication that associates each panel of the plurality of panels with a respective one of the first set of SRS resources or the second set of SRS resources for the first UL grant. The second indication may indicate that the first set of SRS resources is to be used for a first transmission using a first panel, and the second set of SRS resources is to be used for a second transmission using a second panel, and vice versa. In accordance with the first indication and the second indication, the WTRU may simultaneously transmit the first transmission via the first panel and the second transmission via the second panel.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 334,874 filed on April 26, 2022 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 394,808 filed on August 3, 2022, the entireties of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Art

[0003] The mobile device can communicate wirelessly, for example, over a cellular network. The mobile device can also communicate with multiple transmit / receive points by transmitting and receiving from one or more panels. Generally speaking, the term "panel" can be used to refer to one or more antennas and / or one or more antenna arrays for transmitting and / or receiving. Transmission and reception between devices (e.g., mobile devices) having multiple panels and transmit / receive points can be improved. The technology described herein includes methods and systems for communicating between devices having multiple panels and transmit / receive points for transmitting and receiving. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present disclosure as a whole relates to devices, methods and systems for wireless communications. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to uplinks that use multiple panels to send data. For example, the present disclosure provides, among other things, a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) configured to dynamically determine a subset of antenna panels for simultaneous multi-panel (SMP) transmission. The WTRU may be configured to dynamically select antenna ports for non-SMP operation mode and SMP operation mode. The WTRU may be configured to transmit a random access channel (or process) (RACH) with SMP based on a preamble index. The WTRU may be configured to determine the SMP operation mode and one or more associated sounding reference signal (SRS) resource indicators (SRIs), transmit / transmit pre-decoding matrix indicators (TPMIs), and the number of layers for each panel. The WTRU may be configured to dynamically select one or more physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) scrambling identifiers based on the SMP operation mode. The WTRU may be configured to apply a power scaling factor when transmitting in SMP.

[0005] A wireless transmit receive unit ("WTRU") may have and / or utilize multiple panels (e.g., any number of panels greater than one) to utilize a transmit / receive point (TRP) to transmit and / or receive. The WTRU has a processor programmed with executable instructions stored in a memory. The executable instructions cause the WTRU to determine to include in an uplink transmission an indication that the WTRU has multiple panels capable of one or more simultaneous multi-panel (SMP) transmit modes. The indication may indicate that the WTRU is capable of transmitting a transmission on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) using multiple panels. The WTRU may determine from a downlink transmission that the WTRU has received an indication as to whether the WTRU is scheduled for transmission on one or more of the WTRU panels on the PUSCH. The WTRU may determine an SMP mode of operation for transmission on the PUSCH. For example, the WTRU may determine the SMP mode of operation based on one or more explicit indications received in a downlink transmission scheduling a PUSCH transmission (e.g., in downlink control information (DCI) containing an uplink grant) and / or based on one or more pre-configured parameters. The WTRU may determine one or more associated sounding reference signal (SRS) resource indicators (SRIs), one or more associated transmit precoding matrix indicators (TPMIs), and / or the number of layers to transmit based on the determined SMP operation mode. For example, the WTRU may determine one or more SRIs, TPMIs, and / or the number of layers for each panel to transmit based on the determined SMP operation mode.

[0006] The WTRU processor may be programmed with executable instructions for determining a first PUSCH scrambling parameter for a first panel and a second PUSCH scrambling parameter for a second panel based on one or more downlink transmissions. The WTRU may determine the first PUSCH scrambling parameter and / or the second PUSCH scrambling parameter based on the determined SMP operation mode. The WTRU may apply the first scrambling parameter to the PUSCH transmission associated with the first panel and may apply the second scrambling parameter to the PUSCH transmission associated with the second panel.

[0007] The WTRU processor may be programmed with executable instructions to adjust the power of the first panel and the second panel based on determining a power scaling factor for adjusting the power allocation between the first panel and the second panel. The WTRU may apply the power scaling factor to adjust the power allocation between the first panel and the second panel for transmission from the first panel and the second panel.

[0008] The WTRU may have a first antenna panel, a second antenna panel, and a processor programmed with executable instructions that determine whether to operate in a non-SMP operation mode or an SMP operation mode based on downlink control information received from a network. In the non-SMP operation mode, the WTRU transmits from the first antenna panel or the second antenna panel at a first time, and in the SMP operation mode, the WTRU transmits from the first antenna panel and the second antenna panel at a second time.

[0009] The WTRU may have a processor programmed with executable instructions to dynamically determine a panel subset for SMP transmission, dynamically determine antenna ports selected for non-SMP operation mode and SMP operation mode, and / or determine to transmit a RACH with SMP based on a preamble index.

[0010] A wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) may include a processor configured to receive configuration information indicating a first sounding reference signal (SRS) resource set and a second SRS resource set. The WTRU may receive a first downlink control information (DCI) including a first UL grant. The first DCI may include a first indication for simultaneous transmission using multiple panels. The first DCI may include a second indication associating each of the multiple panels with a corresponding one of the first SRS resource set or the second SRS resource set for the first UL grant. The second indication may indicate that the first SRS resource set will be used for a first transmission using the first panel, and the second SRS resource set will be used for a second transmission using the second panel. Alternatively, the second indication may indicate that the second SRS resource set will be used for a first transmission using the first panel, and the first SRS resource set will be used for a second transmission using the second panel. The WTRU may be configured to transmit the first transmission via the first panel and transmit the second transmission via the second panel (e.g., simultaneously) according to the first indication and the second indication.

[0011] In some examples, the configuration information may indicate a first scrambling ID associated with a first panel and / or a second scrambling ID associated with a second panel. A first transmission using the first panel may use a first scrambling sequence determined based on an index of the first panel and the first scrambling ID, and a second transmission using the second panel may use a second scrambling sequence determined based on an index of the second panel and the second scrambling ID. The first scrambling sequence may be initialized with an index of the first panel, and the second scrambling sequence may be initialized with an index of the second panel. In some examples, a first transmission using the first panel may use a first predecoder based on a first number of layers associated with the first panel, and / or a second transmission using the second panel may use a second predecoder based on a second number of layers associated with the second panel.

[0012] In some examples, the first DCI may include a third indication associating the first pre-decoder with a first number of layers and associating the second pre-decoder with a second number of layers. In some examples, the first SRS resource set may correspond to a first spatial filter and / or the second SRS resource set may correspond to a second spatial filter. Finally, in some examples, the WTRU may be configured to determine a power scaling factor to adjust the power allocation between the first panel and the second panel, and apply the power scaling factor to adjust the power allocation between the first panel and the second panel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] A more detailed understanding may be obtained from the following description given by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals indicate similar elements.

[0014] Figure 1A is a system diagram illustrating an example communication system in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented.

[0015] Figure 1B It shows that Figure 1A A system diagram of an example wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) for use within a communication system is shown.

[0016] Figure 1C It shows that Figure 1A System diagram of an example radio access network (RAN) and an example core network (CN) for use within a communication system is shown.

[0017] Figure 1D It shows that Figure 1A A system diagram of another example RAN and another example CN used within the communication system shown.

[0018] Figure 2 is an example of a Simultaneous Multi-Panel (SMP) mode of operation for two transmit / receive points.

[0019] Figure 3 is a sample panel selection table.

[0020] Figure 4 is a sample panel selection table for two replicates.

[0021] Figure 5 is a table of example antenna port indications.

[0022] Figure 6 is an example DMRS port indication table.

[0023] Figure 7 is a table showing example dynamic switching of non-SMP and SMP.

[0024] Figure 8is an example diagram showing a WTRU and network elements configured according to an example configuration of the above-described features. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Figure 1A 1 is a diagram illustrating an example communication system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. The communication system 100 may be a multiple access system that provides content such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast, etc. to multiple wireless users. The communication system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content through sharing of system resources (including wireless bandwidth). For example, the communication system 100 may employ one or more channel access methods such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero tail unique word DFT spread OFDM (ZT UW DTS-s OFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block filtered OFDM, filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC), etc.

[0026] like Figure 1A As shown, the communication system 100 may include wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, RAN 104 / 113, CN 106 / 115, public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, Internet 110 and other networks 112, but it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and / or network elements. Each of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and / or communicate in a wireless environment. By way of example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d (any of which may be referred to as a “station” and / or “STA”) may be configured to send and / or receive wireless signals and may include user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a subscription-based unit, a pager, a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smart phone, a laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor, a hotspot or Mi-Fi device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable device, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or automated process chain environment), a consumer electronic device, a device operating on a commercial and / or industrial wireless network, etc. Any of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d may be interchangeably referred to as a UE.

[0027] The communication system 100 may also include a base station 114a and / or a base station 114b. Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may be any type of device that is configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access to one or more communication networks, such as the CN 106 / 115, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. By way of example, the base stations 114a, 114b may be a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node B, an eNode B, a Home Node B, a Home eNode B, a gNB, an NR Node B, a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, and the like. Although the base stations 114a, 114b are each depicted as a single element, it will be appreciated that the base stations 114a, 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and / or network elements.

[0028] The base station 114a may be part of the RAN 104 / 113, which may also include other base stations and / or network elements (not shown), such as a base station controller (BSC), a radio network controller (RNC), a relay node, etc. The base station 114a and / or the base station 114b may be configured to send and / or receive wireless signals on one or more carrier frequencies (which may be referred to as cells (not shown)). These frequencies may be in a licensed spectrum, an unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of licensed and unlicensed spectrums. A cell may provide coverage of wireless services to a specific geographic area, which may be relatively fixed or may change over time. The cell may be further divided into cell sectors. For example, a cell associated with the base station 114a may be divided into three sectors. Therefore, in one embodiment, the base station 114a may include three transceivers, i.e., one transceiver for each sector of the cell. In an embodiment, the base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology and may utilize multiple transceivers for each sector of the cell. For example, beamforming may be used to send and / or receive signals in a desired spatial direction.

[0029] The base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 116, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, micrometer wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.). The air interface 116 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).

[0030] More specifically, as noted above, the communication system 100 may be a multiple access system and may employ one or more channel access schemes such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, etc. For example, the base station 114a in the RAN 104 / 113 and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), which may use Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) to establish the air interface 115 / 116 / 117. WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA) and / or Evolved HSPA (HSPA+). HSPA may include High Speed ​​Downlink (DL) Packet Access (HSDPA) and / or High Speed ​​UL Packet Access (HSUPA).

[0031] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) that may establish the air interface 116 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and / or Advanced LTE (LTE-A) and / or Advanced LTE Pro (LTE-APro).

[0032] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as NR radio access, which may establish the air interface 116 using New Radio (NR).

[0033] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies. For example, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may together implement LTE radio access and NR radio access, for example using dual connectivity (DC) principles. Thus, the air interface utilized by the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and / or transmissions transmitted to / from multiple types of base stations (e.g., eNBs and gNBs).

[0034] In other embodiments, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (i.e., Wireless Fidelity (WiFi)), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), etc.

[0035] Figure 1A The base station 114b in may be, for example, a wireless router, a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or an access point, and may utilize any suitable RAT to facilitate wireless connectivity in a local area, such as a business location, a home, a vehicle, a campus, an industrial facility, an air corridor (e.g., for use by drones), a road, and the like. In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology (such as IEEE 802.11) to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN). In an embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology (such as IEEE 802.15) to establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN). In yet another embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may utilize a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, etc.) to establish a picocell or a femtocell. As Figure 1A As shown, base station 114b may have a direct connection to Internet 110. Therefore, base station 114b may not need to access Internet 110 via CN 106 / 115.

[0036] The RAN 104 / 113 may be in communication with the CN 106 / 115, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, applications, and / or Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d. The data may have different quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as different throughput requirements, latency requirements, error tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, etc. The CN 106 / 115 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, prepaid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and / or perform advanced security functions, such as user authentication. Although not described in detail in the text, the CN 106 / 115 may be configured to provide voice, data, applications, and / or Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d. The data may have different quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as different throughput requirements, latency requirements, error tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, etc. The CN 106 / 115 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, prepaid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and / or perform advanced security functions, such as user authentication. Figure 1AAlthough not shown in the figure, it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 / 113 and / or the CN 106 / 115 may be in direct or indirect communication with other RANs that employ the same RAT as the RAN 104 / 113 or a different RAT. For example, in addition to being connected to the RAN 104 / 113, which may utilize NR radio technology, the CN 106 / 115 may also be in communication with another RAN (not shown) that employs GSM, UMTS, CDMA 2000, WiMAX, E-UTRA, or WiFi radio technology.

[0037] The CN 106 / 115 may also serve as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. The PSTN 108 may include a circuit-switched telephone network that provides plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 110 may include a global system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use common communication protocols, such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and / or the Internet Protocol (IP) in the TCP / IP Internet protocol suite. The networks 112 may include wired communication networks and / or wireless communication networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. For example, the networks 112 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs, which may employ the same RAT as the RAN 104 / 113 or a different RAT.

[0038] Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communication system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities (e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks via different wireless links). Figure 1A The illustrated WTRU 102c may be configured to communicate with the base station 114a, which may employ a cellular-based radio technology, and with the base station 114b, which may employ an IEEE 802 radio technology.

[0039] Figure 1B is a system diagram illustrating an example WTRU 102. Figure 1B As shown, the WTRU 102 may include, among other things, a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit / receive element 122, a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display / touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and / or other peripherals 138. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may include any sub-combination of the foregoing elements while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0040] The processor 118 may be a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors associated with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, etc. The processor 118 may perform signal decoding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functionality that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment. The processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit / receive element 122. Although Figure 1B The processor 118 and the transceiver 120 are depicted as separate components, but it is understood that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated together in an electronic package or chip.

[0041] The send / receive element 122 may be configured to send a signal to a base station (e.g., base station 114a) or receive a signal from a base station via an air interface 116. For example, in one embodiment, the send / receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to send and / or receive an RF signal. In an embodiment, the send / receive element 122 may be a transmitter / detector configured to send and / or receive, for example, an IR, UV or visible light signal. In another embodiment, the send / receive element 122 may be configured to send and / or receive both an RF signal and an optical signal. It should be understood that the send / receive element 122 may be configured to send and / or receive any combination of wireless signals.

[0042] Although the transmit / receive element 122 Figure 1B 1 as a single element, the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit / receive elements 122. More specifically, the WTRU 102 may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit / receive elements 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 116.

[0043] The transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate signals to be transmitted by the transmit / receive element 122 and to demodulate signals received by the transmit / receive element 122. As noted above, the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities. For example, the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers for enabling the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs, such as NR and IEEE 802.11.

[0044] The processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, and / or a display / touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display unit) and may receive user input data therefrom. The processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker / microphone 124, the keypad 126, and / or the display / touchpad 128. In addition, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in any type of suitable memory, such as a non-removable memory 130 and / or a removable memory 132. The non-removable memory 130 may include a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device. The removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD) memory card, and the like. In other embodiments, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in a memory that is not physically located on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or a home computer (not shown).

[0045] The processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134 and may be configured to distribute and / or control power to other components in the WTRU 102. The power source 134 may be any suitable device for powering the WTRU 102. For example, the power source 134 may include one or more dry cell batteries (e.g., nickel cadmium (NiCd), nickel zinc (NiZn), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, etc.

[0046] The processor 118 may also be coupled to the GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102. In addition to or in lieu of the information from the GPS chipset 136, the WTRU 102 may receive location information from a base station (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b) over the air interface 116 and / or determine its location based on the timing of signals received from two or more nearby base stations. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may acquire location information by any suitable location-determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0047] The processor 118 may also be coupled to other peripherals 138, which may include one or more software modules and / or hardware modules that provide additional features, functionality, and / or wired or wireless connectivity. For example, the peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an electronic compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (for photos and / or video), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands-free headset, module, a frequency modulation (FM) radio unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser, a virtual reality and / or augmented reality (VR / AR) device, an activity tracker, etc. The peripheral device 138 may include one or more sensors, which may be one or more of the following: a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a Hall effect sensor, a magnetometer, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a time sensor; a geolocation sensor; an altimeter, a light sensor, a touch sensor, a magnetometer, a barometer, a gesture sensor, a biometric sensor, and / or a humidity sensor.

[0048] The WTRU 102 may include a full-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all signals (e.g., associated with specific subframes for UL (e.g., for transmission) and downlink (e.g., for reception)) may be concurrent and / or simultaneous. The full-duplex radio may include an interference management unit 139 for reducing and / or substantially eliminating self-interference via signal processing performed by hardware (e.g., a choke) or via a processor (e.g., a separate processor (not shown) or via the processor 118). In an embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include a half-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all signals (e.g., associated with specific subframes for UL (e.g., for transmission) or downlink (e.g., for reception)) may be concurrent and / or simultaneous.

[0049] Figure 1C 1 is a system diagram showing the RAN 104 and the CN 106 in accordance with an embodiment. As noted above, the RAN 104 may employ an E-UTRA radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 104 may also be in communication with the CN 106.

[0050] The RAN 104 may include evolved Node-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 may include any number of evolved Node-Bs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The evolved Node-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In one embodiment, the evolved Node-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may implement MIMO technology. Thus, the evolved Node-B 160a, for example, may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to and / or receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a.

[0051] Each of the evolved Node Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in UL and / or DL, etc. Figure 1C As shown, the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may communicate with one another via an X2 interface.

[0052] Figure 1C The illustrated CN 106 may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, a serving gateway (SGW) 164, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (or PGW) 166. While each of the foregoing elements is depicted as being part of the CN 106, it should be understood that any of these elements may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0053] The MME 162 may be connected to each of the evolved Node-Bs 162a, 162b, 162c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface and may serve as a control node. For example, the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, bearer activation / deactivation, selecting a particular serving gateway during an initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, etc. The MME 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as GSM and / or WCDMA.

[0054] The SGW 164 may be connected to each of the evolved Node-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface. The SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to / from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. The SGW 164 may perform other functions, such as anchoring the user plane during inter-evolved Node-B handover, triggering paging when DL data is available for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, managing and storing the context of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.

[0055] The SGW 164 may be connected to the PGW 166, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.

[0056] The CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and traditional land-line communications devices. For example, the CN 106 may include or may be in communication with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired networks and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers.

[0057] Although the WTRU Figures 1A to 1D Although described as a wireless terminal, it is contemplated that in certain representative embodiments, such a terminal may (eg, temporarily or permanently) use a wired communications interface with a communications network.

[0058] In a representative embodiment, the other network 112 may be a WLAN.

[0059] A WLAN in infrastructure basic service set (BSS) mode may have an access point (AP) for the BSS and one or more stations (STA) associated with the AP. The AP may have access or an interface to a distribution system (DS) or another type of wired / wireless network that carries traffic to and / or carries traffic away from the BSS. Traffic originating from outside the BSS and leading to the STA may be reached by the AP and may be delivered to the STA. Traffic originating from the STA and leading to a destination outside the BSS may be transmitted to the AP to be delivered to the corresponding destination. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be transmitted by the AP, for example, wherein the source STA may transmit traffic to the AP, and the AP may deliver traffic to the destination STA. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be considered and / or referred to as point-to-point traffic. Point-to-point traffic may be transmitted between the source STA and the destination STA (e.g., directly between them) using a direct link establishment (DLS). In certain representative embodiments, the DLS may use 802.11e DLS or 802.11z tunnel DLS (TDLS). A WLAN using an independent BSS (IBSS) mode may not have an AP, and STAs (eg, all STAs) within or using the IBSS may communicate directly with each other. The IBSS communication mode may sometimes be referred to herein as an "ad hoc" communication mode.

[0060] When using the 802.11ac infrastructure operation mode or a similar operation mode, the AP may send beacons on a fixed channel (such as a primary channel). The primary channel may be a fixed width (e.g., a 20 MHz wide bandwidth) or a width dynamically set via signaling. The primary channel may be an operating channel of the BSS and may be used by the STA to establish a connection with the AP. In certain representative embodiments, carrier sense multiple access / collision avoidance (CSMA / CA) may be implemented, for example, in an 802.11 system. For CSMA / CA, a STA (e.g., each STA) (including the AP) may listen to the primary channel. If the primary channel is listened / detected and / or determined to be busy by a particular STA, the particular STA may back off. One STA (e.g., only one station) may transmit at any given time in a given BSS.

[0061] High throughput (HT) STAs may communicate using a 40 MHz wide channel, for example, via a combination of a primary 20 MHz channel and adjacent or non-adjacent 20 MHz channels to form a 40 MHz wide channel.

[0062] Very high throughput (VHT) STA can support 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz and / or 160MHz wide channels. 40MHz channels and / or 80MHz channels can be formed by combining continuous 20MHz channels. 160MHz channels can be formed by combining 8 continuous 20MHz channels, or by combining two non-continuous 80MHz channels (this can be called 80+80 configuration). For 80+80 configuration, after channel coding, the data can pass through a segment parser that can divide the data into two streams. Each stream can be processed by inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) and time domain processing separately. These streams can be mapped to two 80MHz channels, and data can be sent by the transmitter STA. At the receiver of the receiver STA, the above-mentioned operation for the 80+80 configuration can be reversed, and the combined data can be transmitted to the medium access control (MAC).

[0063] 802.11af and 802.11ah support operating modes below 1GHz. Channel operating bandwidths and carriers are reduced in 802.11af and 802.11ah relative to those used in 802.11n and 802.11ac. 802.11af supports 5MHz, 10MHz, and 20MHz bandwidths in the TV White Space (TVWS) spectrum, and 802.11ah supports 1MHz, 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz, and 16MHz bandwidths using non-TVWS spectrum. According to a representative embodiment, 802.11ah may support instrument type control / machine type communications, such as MTC devices in macro coverage areas. MTC devices may have certain capabilities, such as limited capabilities, including support for (e.g., only support for) certain bandwidths and / or limited bandwidths. MTC devices may include batteries with battery life above a threshold (e.g., to maintain very long battery life).

[0064] WLAN systems that can support multiple channels and channel bandwidths (such as 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11af, and 802.11ah) include channels that can be designated as primary channels. The primary channel may have a bandwidth equal to the maximum common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS. The bandwidth of the primary channel may be set and / or limited by a STA (which supports the minimum bandwidth operating mode) from all STAs operating in the BSS. In the example of 802.11ah, for STAs (e.g., MTC-type devices) that support (e.g., only support) a 1MHz mode, the primary channel may be 1MHz wide, even if the AP and other STAs in the BSS support 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz, 16MHz, and / or other channel bandwidth operating modes. Carrier sensing and / or network allocation vector (NAV) settings may depend on the state of the primary channel. If the primary channel is busy, for example, because a STA (supporting only a 1MHz operating mode) is sending to the AP, the entire available band may be considered busy even if most of the band remains idle and may be available.

[0065] In the United States, the available frequency band for 802.11ah is 902MHz to 928MHz. In South Korea, the available frequency band is 917.5MHz to 923.5MHz. In Japan, the available frequency band is 916.5MHz to 927.5MHz. The total bandwidth available for 802.11ah is 6MHz to 26MHz, depending on the country code.

[0066] Figure 1D 1 is a system diagram showing the RAN 113 and the CN 115 in accordance with an embodiment. As noted above, the RAN 113 may employ NR radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 113 may also be in communication with the CN 115.

[0067] The RAN 113 may include gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 113 may include any number of gNBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In one embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement MIMO technology. For example, the gNBs 180a, 180b may utilize beamforming to send signals to and / or receive signals from the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c. Thus, the gNB 180a may, for example, use multiple antennas to send wireless signals to and / or receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a. In an embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement carrier aggregation technology. For example, the gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to the WTRU 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be on an unlicensed spectrum, while the remaining component carriers may be on a licensed spectrum. In an embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement coordinated multi-point (CoMP) technology. For example, the WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from the gNB 180a and the gNB 180b (and / or the gNB 180c).

[0068] The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with parameter sets that may be scalable. For example, OFDM symbol spacing and / or OFDM subcarrier spacing may vary for different transmissions, different cells, and / or different portions of the wireless transmission spectrum. The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using subframes or transmit time intervals (TTIs) of varying or scalable lengths (e.g., containing varying numbers of OFDM symbols and / or varying absolute time lengths over time).

[0069] The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in a standalone configuration and / or a non-standalone configuration. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c while also not accessing other RANs (e.g., such as the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c). In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may use one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c as mobility anchors. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using signals in an unlicensed band. In a non-standalone configuration, the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate / connect with the gNB 180a, 180b, 180c while also communicating / connecting with another RAN, such as the evolved Node-B 160a, 160b, 160c. For example, the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c may implement the DC principle to communicate with one or more gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c and one or more evolved Node-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c substantially simultaneously. In a non-standalone configuration, the evolved Node-B 160a, 160b, 160c may act as a mobility anchor for the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c, and the gNB 180a, 180b, 180c may provide additional coverage and / or throughput for serving the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c.

[0070] Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in UL and / or DL, support of network slicing, dual connectivity, interworking between NR and E-UTRA, routing of user plane data towards a user plane function (UPF) 184a, 184b, routing of control plane information towards an access and mobility management function (AMF) 182a, 182b, etc. Figure 1D As shown, gNBs 180a, 180b, and 180c may communicate with each other via an Xn interface.

[0071] Figure 1DThe illustrated CN 115 may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one session management function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and possible data networks (DNs) 185a, 185b. Although each of the foregoing elements is depicted as part of the CN 115, it should be understood that any of these elements may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0072] The AMF 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via the N2 interface and may act as a control node. For example, the AMF 182a, 182b may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c, support for network slicing (e.g., handling of different PDU sessions with different requirements), selecting a specific SMF 183a, 183b, management of registration areas, termination of NAS signaling, mobility management, etc. The AMF 182a, 182b may use network slicing to customize CN support for the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c based on the type of service utilized by the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c. For example, different network slices may be established for different use cases, such as services relying on ultra-reliable low latency (URLLC) access, services relying on enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) access, services for machine type communication (MTC) access, etc. The AMF 162 may provide control plane functionality for switching between the RAN 113 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro and / or non-3GPP access technologies such as WiFi.

[0073] The SMF 183a, 183b may be connected to the AMF 182a, 182b in the CN 115 via the N11 interface. The SMF 183a, 183b may also be connected to the UPF 184a, 184b in the CN 115 via the N4 interface. The SMF 183a, 183b may select and control the UPF 184a, 184b, and configure the traffic routing through the UPF 184a, 184b. The SMF 183a, 183b may perform other functions, such as managing and allocating UE IP addresses, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing downlink data notification, etc. The PDU session type may be IP-based, non-IP-based, Ethernet-based, etc.

[0074] The UPF 184a, 184b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via the N3 interface, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices. The UPF 184, 184b may perform other functions, such as routing and forwarding packets, enforcing user plane policies, supporting multi-homed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, buffering downlink packets, providing mobility anchoring, etc.

[0075] The CN 115 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 115 may include or may communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) that serves as an interface between the CN 115 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 115 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired networks and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. In one embodiment, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to local data networks (DNs) 185a, 185b via the UPF 184a, 184b via an N3 interface to the UPF 184a, 184b and an N6 interface between the UPF 184a, 184b and the DN 185a, 185b.

[0076] Given that Figures 1A to 1D as well as Figures 1A to 1D , one or more or all of the functions described herein for one or more of the following may be performed by one or more simulation devices (not shown): WTRU 102a-102d, base station 114a-114b, evolved Node B 160a-160c, MME 162, SGW 164, PGW 166, gNB 180a-180c, AMF 182a-182ab, UPF 184a-184b, SMF 183a-183b, DN 185a-185b and / or any other device described herein. The simulation device may be one or more devices configured to mimic one or more or all of the functions described herein. For example, the simulation device may be used to test other devices and / or simulate network and / or WTRU functions.

[0077] The simulation device may be designed to implement one or more tests of other devices in a laboratory environment and / or in an operator network environment. For example, one or more simulation devices may perform one or more functions or all functions while being fully or partially implemented and / or deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network in order to test other devices within the communication network. One or more simulation devices may perform one or more functions or all functions while being temporarily implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. The simulation device may be directly coupled to another device for testing purposes and / or may use over-the-air wireless communications to perform testing.

[0078] One or more simulation devices can perform one or more (including all) functions without being implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. For example, the simulation device can be used in a test scenario in a test laboratory and / or a non-deployed (e.g., testing) wired communication network and / or wireless communication network to implement testing of one or more components. One or more simulation devices can be test equipment. Direct RF coupling and / or wireless communication via RF circuits (e.g., which may include one or more antennas) can be used by the simulation device to send and / or receive data.

[0079] Unless otherwise specified, "a" and "an" and similar phrases should be interpreted as "one or more" and "at least one". Unless otherwise specified, any term with "(a)" should be interpreted as "one or more" and "at least one". For example, the term "may" should be interpreted as "can".

[0080] The following abbreviations and acronyms are used in this document: component carrier (CC); configuration grant (CG); dynamic grant (DG); MAC control element (MAC CE); acknowledgement (ACK); block error rate (BLER); bandwidth part (BWP); coherent joint transmission (C-JT); cyclic prefix (CP); conventional OFDM (cyclic prefix dependent) (CP-OFDM); channel quality indicator (CQI); cyclic redundancy check (CRC); channel state information (CSI); downlink assignment index (DAI); downlink control information (DCI); downlink (DL); demodulation reference signal (DM-RS); data radio bearer (DRB); frequency division duplex (FDD); hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ); long term evolution (e.g., from 3GPP LTE R8 and higher) (LTE); Negative ACK (NACK); Multiple TRP or Multi-TRP (mTRP); Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS); Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO); Non-Coherent Joint Transmission (NC-JT); New Radio (NR); Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM); Physical Layer (PHY); Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI); Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH); Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS); Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH); Random Access Channel (or Procedure) (RACH); Random Access Response (RAR) Radio Front End (RF); Radio Link Failure (RLF); Radio Link Monitoring (RLM); Radio Network Identifier (RNTI); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Radio resource management (RRM); reference signal (RS); reference signal received power (RSRP); received signal strength indicator (RSSI); service data unit (SDU); simultaneous multi-panel (SMP); SRS resource indicator (SRI); sounding reference signal (SRS); synchronization signal (SS); secondary synchronization signal (SSS); semi-persistent scheduling (SPS); supplementary uplink (SUL); single transmit receive point (sTRP); transport block (TB); transport block size (TBS); time division multiplexing (TDM); transmit / transmit precoding matrix indicator (TPMI); transmit / receive point (TRP); uplink (UL); ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC); and wireless local area networks and related technologies (IEEE 802.xx domain) (WLAN).

[0081] The disclosure described herein may be implemented in an NR network or a network supporting multiple transmit / receive points. NR supports multi-TRP (mTRP) uplink transmission of PUSCH repetitions, such as in TDM mode. The WTRU may send multiple copies to different TRPs at different time instances. Sending multiple copies to different TRPs at different time instances may improve the reliability of PUSCH transmission.

[0082] For UL NR PUSCH transmission granting a single DCI (e.g., sDCI), there is a difference between a single (e.g., sTRP) and an mTRP. For an sTRP, there is typically one TPMI indicated (e.g., UL PMI codebook index), one SRI (e.g., UL beam indication), one frequency domain resource allocation (FDRA) and / or time domain resource allocation (TDRA), a set of power control parameters, and a set of DM-RS antenna ports. For an mTRP, there may be 2 TPMIs, which may have the same number of layers mapped to repetitions (e.g., cyclic, sequential, etc.); two SRIs mapped to repetitions; one FDRA (e.g., the same for both TRPs), one TDRA indicating that the TPMI / SRI is mapped to the repetitions; two sets of power control parameters; and a set of DMRS antenna ports.

[0083] In NR, the WTRU may be a multi-panel WTRU. A multi-panel WTRU may report its multi-panel capabilities to the network for dynamic panel switching. The WTRU may report a list (e.g., a set) of WTRU capability values, which may facilitate WTRU-initiated panel activation and selection. The WTRU capability value set may include the number of SRS ports (e.g., the maximum number of SRS ports). The WTRU capability value set may be different. The WTRU capability value set may be common across BWP / CCs in the same frequency band.

[0084] The WTRU may report an index to a set of WTRU capability values ​​(e.g., a set). The WTRU may report an index to a set of WTRU capability values ​​for each reported CRI / SSBRI in a beam report (e.g., a beam report), which may be used for WTRU-initiated panel activation and selection.

[0085] The disclosure herein may include simultaneous transmission of PUSCH, such as Figure 2 as shown in . Figure 2 is a diagram of a system 200 illustrating a simultaneous multi-panel (SMP) mode of operation for two transmit / receive points (eg, TRP1 and TRP2). Figure 2Two WTRU panels are shown, such as Panel 1 and Panel 2; however, it should be understood that a WTRU, such as WTRU 202, may have multiple panels (e.g., any number greater than one). The WTRU may use simultaneous multi-panel UL transmissions. Simultaneous multi-panel UL transmissions may result in higher UL throughput / reliability. For example, throughput / reliability for frequency range 2 (e.g., FR2, 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz) and multiple TRPs may be improved, assuming a maximum of 2 TRPs and a maximum of 2 panels. Example applications include customer premises equipment (CPE) applications, fixed wireless access (FWA) applications, vehicular applications (e.g., V2X, V2V, etc.), industrial equipment (e.g., IoT, etc.), and the like.

[0086] The WTRU may use an UL pre-coding indication for PUSCH. For example, for the case where no new codebook is introduced for simultaneous transmission of multiple panels, the WTRU may use an UL pre-coding indication for PUSCH. The number of layers across all panels may be up to four layers. The number of codewords across all panels may be up to two. The WTRU may determine the number of layers and / or the number of codewords based on a single DCI and a multi-TRP operation based on multiple DCIs.

[0087] The WTRU may use UL beam indication for PUCCH / PUSCH. For example, the WTRU may use UL beam indication for PUCCH / PUSCH to implement a unified TCI framework extension. The WTRU may use UL beam indication for PUCCH / PUSCH to implement a unified TCI framework extension for single DCI based and multi-DCI based multi-TRP operation. The WTRU may send PUSCH and PUSCH (e.g., PUSCH+PUSCH) or PUCCH and PUCCH (e.g., PUCCH+PUCCH) across two panels, which may be in the same CC. For example, for multi-DCI based multi-TRP operation, the WTRU may send PUSCH+PUSCH or PUCCH+PUCCH across two panels in the same CC.

[0088] For some applications, it is not possible to schedule PUSCH in, for example, an SMP transmission mode. For example, a WTRU may receive a grant indicating that one (e.g., only one) UL pre-decoder / beam may be used at a time. A WTRU using, for example, an mTRP mode may not be able to flexibly configure grant parameters because the grant parameters are limited to specific applications for repetition to improve reliability. The grant parameters may be, for example, but not limited to, TPMI, SRI, FDRA, TDRA, antenna port, and the like. In addition, the WTRU may be limited to using, for example, but not limited to, the same rank, the same resource allocation, the same number of ports for two TRPs. SMP may cause inter-panel interference due to overlapping PUSCH transmissions and separate power control procedures at the same time instance, etc. The power control of the WTRU on one TRP may be determined without considering other simultaneous transmissions. Therefore, the disclosure provided herein provides devices, methods, and systems for determining how to transmit PUSCH in an SMP operating mode, determining one or more SMP transmission parameters (e.g., TPMI, antenna port, etc.), and / or mitigating inter-panel interference.

[0089] The WTRU may send or receive a physical channel or a reference signal. The physical channel or the reference signal may be received according to at least one spatial domain filter. The term "beam" may refer to a spatial domain filter.

[0090] The WTRU may use a spatial domain filter to transmit a physical channel or signal. The spatial domain filter may be the same / similar spatial domain filter of the received RS (e.g., CSI-RS) or SS block. The WTRU transmission may be referred to as a "target". The received RS or SS block may be referred to as a "reference" or "source". In this way, the WTRU may transmit a target physical channel or signal based on a spatial relationship relative to the RS or SS block.

[0091] The WTRU may transmit a physical channel or signal according to the same spatial domain filter as used to transmit a second physical channel or signal. The first transmission may be referred to as the "target". The second transmission may be referred to as the "reference" or "source". In this way, the WTRU may transmit a first (i.e., target) physical channel or signal according to a spatial relationship with a second (i.e., reference) physical channel or signal.

[0092] In one or more cases, the spatial relationship may be implicit, configured by RRC, or signaled by MAC CE or DCI. For example, the WTRU may implicitly send the PUSCH and DM-RS for the PUSCH based on the same / similar spatial domain filter as the SRS indicated by the SRS Resource Indicator (SRI) indicated in the DCI or configured by RRC. In another example, the WTRU may configure the spatial relationship for the SRI via RRC. In another example, the MAC CE may signal the spatial relationship for the PUCCH. The spatial relationship may also be referred to as "beam indication".

[0093] The WTRU may receive a (i.e., target) downlink channel or signal. The downlink channel or signal may be received based on a spatial domain filter or spatial reception parameter that is the same / similar to that of a second (i.e., reference) downlink channel or signal. For example, such an association may exist between a physical channel (e.g., PDCCH or PDSCH) and its corresponding DM-RS. Such an association may exist when the first signal and the second signal are reference signals and when the WTRU is configured with a quasi-co-location (QCL) assumption type D between corresponding antenna ports. The association may be configured as a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. The WTRU may receive an indication including an association between a CSI-RS or SS block and a DM-RS indexed by a set of TCI states configured by RRC and / or an indexed set of TCI states signaled by a MAC CE. The indication may also be referred to as a "beam indication."

[0094] Unless otherwise specified, RS may be used interchangeably with one or more of RS resources, RS resource sets, RS ports, and RS port groups. Unless otherwise specified, RS may be used interchangeably with one or more of SSB, CSI-RS, SRS, and DM-RS. Unless otherwise specified, TRP may be used interchangeably with one or more of TP (transmit point), RP (receive point), RRH (radio remote head), DA (distributed antenna), BS (base station), sector (of BS), and cell (e.g., a geographic cell area served by a BS). In addition, unless otherwise specified, multi-TRP may be used interchangeably with one or more of MTRP, M-TRP, and multi-TRP.

[0095] In one or more cases, the WTRU may be configured with one or more TRPs (or may receive configuration of one or more TRPs). The WTRU may send and / or receive from one or more TRPs. The WTRU may be configured with one or more TRPs for one or more cells. For example, the cell may be a serving cell and / or a secondary cell.

[0096] The WTRU may be configured with at least one RS. The RS may be used for channel measurement. The RS may be represented as a channel measurement resource (CMR). The RS may include a CSI-RS, an SSB, and / or other downlink RSs. The CSI-RS, the SSB, and / or other downlink RSs may be sent to the WTRU from the TRP. The CMR may be configured with or associated with a TCI state. The WTRU may be configured with a CMR group. The CMR group may include one or more CMR indexes. A CMR group with one or more CRI indexes may be sent from the same TRP. A CMR group may be identified by a CMR group index (e.g., group 1). The WTRU may be configured with a CMR group for each TRP. The WTRU may receive a link between a CMR group index and another CMR group index from the TRP and / or a link between an RS index in a CMR group and another RS ​​index in another group. The WTRU may determine that the linked resource may be configured for C-JT MTRP channel or CSI measurement. The WTRU may determine the linked resource based on the received TRP transmission.

[0097] The WTRU may be configured with or receive configuration of one or more path loss (PL) reference groups (e.g., sets) and / or one or more SRS groups, SRS resource indicators (SRIs), or SRS resource sets. The PL reference group may correspond to or may be associated with a TRP. The PL reference group may include, identify, correspond to, or be associated with one or more TCI states, SRIs, reference signal sets (e.g., CSI-RS sets, SRI sets), CORESET indices, and / or reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS, SSBs).

[0098] The WTRU may receive a configuration (e.g., any configuration described herein). The configuration may be received from a TRP or a gNB. For example, the WTRU may receive a configuration (e.g., configuration information) of one or more TRPs, one or more PL reference groups, and / or one or more SRI sets. The WTRU may implicitly determine the association between the RS set / group and the TRP. For example, for a case where the WTRU is configured with two SRS resource sets, the WTRU may determine to send to TRP1 with the SRS in the first resource set and to send to TRP2 with the SRS in the second resource set. The WTRU may be configured to send resource sets via RRC signaling.

[0099] The WTRU may receive an indication of a primary TRP and a secondary TRP. The WTRU may determine that one of the TRPs is a primary TRP or an anchor TRP based on, for example, a WTRU configured with multiple TRPs. In one or more cases, the WTRU may determine the primary TRP or the anchor TRP based on the network configuration. In one or more cases, the WTRU may determine the primary TRP or the anchor TRP by determining that the received signal quality of one TRP is higher than the received signal quality of all other TRPs or higher than a threshold signal quality. The WTRU may determine the primary TRP or the anchor TRP by comparing the received signal quality of one or more TRPs and / or comparing the received signal quality to a threshold signal quality. The threshold signal quality may be predetermined and / or stored in the WTRU memory.

[0100] Unless otherwise specified, TRP, PL reference set, SRI set and SRI collection are used interchangeably. Unless otherwise specified, the terms "collection" and "group" are used interchangeably.

[0101] A joint transmission system with two TRPs is described as an example. However, it should be understood that any number of TRPs can be used. In the described example, one TRP is considered to be the primary TRP.

[0102] The characteristics of the grant or assignment may include one or more of the following: frequency allocation; an aspect of time allocation (e.g., duration); priority; modulation and / or coding scheme; transport block size; number of spatial layers; number of transport blocks; TCI state, CRI, and / or SRI; number of repetitions; determining whether the repetition scheme is type A or type B; determining whether the grant is a configuration grant type 1, type 2, or a dynamic grant; determining whether the assignment is a dynamic assignment or a semi-persistent scheduling (configuration) assignment; configuring a grant index or a semi-persistent assignment index; configuring the periodicity of the grant or assignment; channel access priority class (CAPC); any parameters provided in the DCI, MAC, and / or RRC to determine whether the grant is for a single TRP transmission or multiple TRP transmissions; determining whether the grant is for an UL transmission from a single WTRU panel (TxSP) or simultaneous UL transmissions from multiple WTRU panels (STxMP); and / or determining whether the grant is for a C-JT transmission or an NC-JT transmission. In one example, the TCI state, CRI, or SRI may be for each WTRU panel, such as for the case where multiple panels are used for UL transmissions. Parameters provided in DCI, MAC and / or RRC may be used for scheduling grants or assignments.

[0103] The WTRU may report a subset of channel state information (CSI) components. The CSI components may correspond to one or more of the following: CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI); SSB resource indicator (SSBRI); an indication of a panel received at the WTRU; measurements obtained from the SSB or CSI-RS, such as L1-RSRP, L1-SINR; and / or other channel state information. The indication of a panel received at the WTRU may be, for example, but not limited to, a panel identifier or a group identifier. The measurements obtained from the SSB or CSI-RS, such as L1-RSRP, L1-SINR may be, for example, but not limited to, cri-RSRP, cri-SINR, ssb-Index-RSRP, ssb-Index-SINR, etc. Other channel state information may be, for example, but not limited to, one or more of a rank indicator (RI), a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a layer index (LI), etc.

[0104] The WTRU may be configured with a scrambler. In the uplink, the WTRU may send data over the PUSCH. As part of UL processing, the WTRU may determine to transmit a transport block (TB). The TB may be channel decoded using a low-density parity check (LDPC) encoder. The TB may be rate matched to obtain a target decoding rate. The WTRU may apply a scrambler to the decoded bits before modulation. For example, after rate matching, the WTRU may apply a scrambler to the decoded bits before modulation. The WTRU may determine the scrambler based on the scrambling sequence. The scrambling sequence may be generated based on an initial seed (e.g., c_init). The WTRU may determine the seed based on a parameter (e.g., dataScramblingIdentityPUSCH). A function of the parameter may be configured in the PUSCH. The seed may be a function of the RNTI. For example, the seed may be a function of the RNTI associated with the PUSCH (e.g., C-RNTI), as shown in the following equation:

[0105]

[0106] n_ID may be equal to the dataScramblingIdentityPUSCH value. The dataScramblingIdentityPUSCH value may be in the integer range {0,…,1023}.

[0107] The WTRU may receive an indication of an SMP mode of operation. For codebook based uplink transmissions, the WTRU may receive an indication of precoding information. For example, the WTRU may receive an indication with precoding information based on its transmission channel. For the case where the WTRU has multiple panels, the WTRU may receive a separate indication for each panel that is activated for transmission. Based on the TRP TPMI indication, the WTRU may provide PUSCH repetition for uplink reliability improvement.

[0108] The WTRU may determine the SMP mode of operation for the PUSCH. The WTRU may indicate its multi-panel uplink transmit capability. For example, the WTRU may indicate its multi-panel uplink transmit capability by reporting the number of panels, the number of SRS ports per panel, and / or the coherence capability per panel.

[0109] For example, the WTRU may indicate its multi-panel transmit capability. The WTRU may receive an explicit indication or an implicit indication as to whether the WTRU will be scheduled to transmit using one or two panels. In response to the WTRU indicating its multi-panel transmit capability, the WTRU may receive an explicit indication or an implicit indication. In one or more cases, the WTRU may report the WTRU capability. The WTRU may receive an indication of the use of a codebook for each panel. The WTRU may receive an indication of the use of a codebook for each panel based on the WTRU reporting the WTRU capability. In one example, the WTRU may report a 2-port SRS capability on one panel and a 4-port SRS capability on another panel, where the WTRU is configured with a 2-port codebook for both panels.

[0110] In another example, the WTRU may receive an indication of whether the WTRU may receive one or more TPMIs for its uplink transmission. For example, the WTRU may receive the indication based on receiving a configuration with multiple panels. In one or more cases, the WTRU may apply the indicated TPMI across panels, where, for example, a single TPMI indication is applied. For example, the WTRU may receive and apply a TPMI for N-layer transmissions, where x layers are mapped on a first panel and Nx layers are mapped on a second panel. In another example, the WTRU may receive and apply an indication of N antenna ports mapped on a first panel and Nx antenna ports mapped on a second panel. The WTRU may receive an indication to determine x. In some cases, the WTRU may determine x based on a codebook configured for each panel. In other cases, the WTRU may extend the DCI field for antenna port indication by a single bit to distinguish the indicated ports for each panel.

[0111] The WTRU may receive one or more SRIs and / or TPMIs indicating the number of layers for each panel. The maximum number of total layers may be fixed. The maximum number of total layers may be based on the capabilities reported by the WTRU. In one or more other cases, the first TPMI may indicate the number of layers N. The WTRU may be configured with a number of layers L (e.g., a maximum number). The WTRU may determine a second TPMI based on a subset of the TPMI codebook. For example, the WTRU may determine a second TPMI based on a subset of the TPMI codebook so that the TPMI with NL layers may be considered. In one or more cases, the WTRU may be configured with a codebook subset for SMP (e.g., SMPtxMode). The codebook subset may include a subset of TPMIs. The subset of TMPIs may come from a set of pre-decoders (e.g., a full set of pre-decoders). The WTRU may determine that one or more TPMI indexes received in the grant may be mapped to a codebook subset corresponding to the SMP.

[0112] The WTRU may receive a single DCI containing two TPMI / SRIs for PUSCH repetition (TDM). For example, in a single DCI multi-TRP operation (e.g., transmissions on the same number of layers), the WTRU may receive a single DCI containing two TPMI / SRIs. A WTRU configured with SMP mode may be configured to receive scheduling for uplink transmissions using the same or different number of layers. In one or more cases, the WTRU may use one or more of the following. For example, the WTRU may receive an indication for determining whether it is in SMP mode or non-SMP mode, as well as an indication containing precoding and rank information. In another example, the WTRU may receive a single dynamic indication. In another example, a multi-panel WTRU configured for multi-TRP transmission may receive a DCI with an enhanced ability to transfer transmissions from any panel to any TRP. In another example, the WTRU may receive an enhanced TDRA table in which the WTRU may be configured with a mapping of SRI and TPMI to PUSCH repetitions or transmissions.

[0113] The WTRU may receive a first indication for determining whether the first indication is in SMP mode or non-SMP mode. The WTRU may receive a second indication including pre-coding and rank information. In one example, the WTRU may receive a MAC CE or a DCI as a first indication to determine SMP mode or non-SMP mode. In another example, the WTRU may receive an RRC configuration for SMP mode or non-SMP mode. In another example, the WTRU may receive and interpret an indication (e.g., a second indication) to determine pre-coding and other scheduling information for each panel. For example, once the WTRU determines SMP mode, the WTRU may receive and interpret these indications.

[0114] The WTRU may receive a single dynamic indication (e.g., a DCI). For example, the single dynamic indication may include an SMP mode determination for each panel, pre-coding information, and other scheduling information. In one or more cases, the WTRU may receive an explicit indication or an implicit indication for identifying an SMP mode. For example, the WTRU may receive a DCI including an explicit indication (e.g., a flag) indicating an SMP mode. In another example, the WTRU may be configured with one or more reference signals designated for an SMP operating mode or a non-SMP operating mode. The WTRU may determine the SMP mode by determining whether the configured reference signal (e.g., the indicated SRI) belongs to the set. In another example, the WTRU may receive an implicit indication identifying an SMP mode.

[0115] The WTRU may be a multi-panel WTRU configured for multi-TRP transmission. The multi-panel WTRU may receive a DCI with the ability to transfer transmission from any panel to any TRP. The enhancement of the DCI may be based on adding a single bit to the existing TPMI field to implement PUSCH repetition. In one example, the addition of a single bit may be explicit. For example, by adding the bit directly to the TPMI field, the addition of a single bit may be explicit. In another example, the addition of a bit to mark and distinguish the SMP panel may be implicit. For example, the implicit association of the SMP mode and the panels involved may be based on the indicated SRI. For example, the WTRU may receive an SRI for a specific range of SMP. A first subset of the range may be used for an implicit indication of a first panel. A second subset of the range may be used for an implicit indication of a second panel. In another example, the WTRU may receive a link of an SRI for SMP. The WTRU may determine to transmit in SMP mode based on a grant of an SRI containing two links. The WTRU may receive the link as part of an SRS resource configuration. SRS resources or resource set IDs (e.g., different SRS resources or resource set IDs) may be linked to implement an SMP mode of operation. In another example, the WTRU may identify linked SRIs based on a semi-static configuration (e.g., RRC). Alternatively or in combination, the WTRU may receive a MAC-CE including an activation command or a deactivation command for different SRI pairs. The WTRU may indicate one or more preferred SRI pairs in, for example, a CSI report for SMP or a MAC-CE. The WTRU may explicitly indicate an SMP flag as well as a preferred pair (e.g., SRI1 and SRI2).

[0116] The WTRU may receive three bits. The first bit may indicate the panel. The remaining bits may indicate the intended recipient TRP and / or the ordering of the panels / TRPs. For example, the WTRU may receive an enhanced DCI and determine that the received indications are as follows: 000sTRP1; 001sTRP2; 010TRP1-TRP2; 011TRP2-TRP1; 100SMP (e.g., panel 1TRP1; and panel 2TRP2); and 101SMP (e.g., panel 2TRP1; and panel 1TRP2).

[0117] The WTRU may receive a TDRA table (e.g., an enhanced TDRA table). For example, the WTRU may receive a TDRA table in which the WTRU is configured with a mapping of SRI and TPMI to PUSCH repetitions or transmissions. For example, the TDRA may include an "SMP" mapping type flag. The TDRA may include an SMP mapping type flag, in which the WTRU may determine that 0 indicates that the PUSCH is sent in a non-SMP manner and 1 indicates that the PUSCH is sent in SMP. The WTRU may determine the mapping of repetitions to panels based on the SMP operating mode. In some cases, the WTRU may determine the mapping of repetitions to panels. When the WTRU sends more than two repetitions, the WTRU may determine the mapping of repetitions to panels. The WTRU may determine the mapping of repetitions to panels based on a pre-configured mapping. In one or more cases, when the WTRU sends more than two repetitions, the WTRU may determine the mapping of repetitions to panels based on a pre-configured mapping. For example, the WTRU may determine that four repetitions are sent at time instances t1, t2, t3, and t4 in non-SMP mode. In SMP mode, the WTRU may send repetition 1 and repetition 2 on panel 1 at time instance t1, and repetition 3 and repetition 4 on panel 2 at time instance t2. TDRA may include a PUSCH mapping type for SMP other than mapping type A or B (e.g., a new PUSCH mapping type). The WTRU may determine the association between K2 offsets based on the mapping type. The WTRU may determine the association between K2 offsets based on the mapping type, where more than one PUSCH transmission may be mapped to the same K2 offset. The K2 offset may be an offset from the DCI to the PUSCH transmission.

[0118] The WTRU may determine a redundancy version (RV) mapping for an SMP mode of operation. The WTRU may map a pair of RV values ​​for each time instant to an SMP PUSCH transmission. When scheduling in SMP mode, the WTRU may determine a default SMP configuration. For example, for a case where the WTRU does not receive a TDRA, the WTRU may adopt a default SMP configuration when scheduling in SMP mode. The WTRU may determine a default configuration, which may include transmitting duplicate PUSCHs on two panels.

[0119] The WTRU may use SMP to send msgA PUSCH. The WTRU may indicate SMP through preamble selection. The WTRU may use SMP to send msgA PUSCH. The WTRU may indicate the SMP operation mode, for example, as a function of the preamble index. The WTRU may use a two-step RACH procedure. The WTRU may select from a pool of preamble indices and initiate the transmission of a preamble. For example, in a two-step RACH procedure, the WTRU may select from a pool of preamble indices and initiate the transmission of a preamble. The WTRU may send on a PUSCH resource linked to a preamble index (e.g., a selected preamble index). The PUSCH may be defined as msgA PUSCH. The WTRU may indicate SMP for msgA PUSCH through preamble selection. The WTRU may divide preamble subsets. For example, the WTRU may divide the preamble subsets into a preamble subset for single-panel transmission of msgA PUSCH and a second set of preambles for SMP transmission of msgA PUSCH. The WTRU may map the msgA PUSCH to two panels and transmit both panels simultaneously. For example, for the case where the WTRU selects the SMP preamble, the WTRU maps the msgA PUSCH to two panels and transmits both panels simultaneously. The receiver may decode the preamble of msgA. The receiver may determine that the decoded preamble belongs to a set of preambles for SMP. The receiver may expect to receive an SMP msgA transmission.

[0120] The WTRU may determine a subset and / or mode of antenna panels for SMP PUSCH transmissions. As described herein, the WTRU may receive bits (e.g., new bits) in the DCI. These bits may indicate dynamic switching between a non-SMP mode of operation and an SMP mode of operation. Based on the active antenna panels, the WTRU may have one or more modes of operation (e.g., a multi-panel mode of operation).

[0121] For example, in an operating mode (e.g., non-SMP1), the WTRU may transmit from a single antenna panel at a given time. For example, the WTRU may transmit from a single antenna panel, where the antenna panel may include one or more of a panel index, an antenna element group, or an antenna port group. In one or more cases, the WTRU may have multiple antenna panels. For example, the WTRU may have multiple antenna panels in non-SMP1 mode, one of which is active. An active antenna panel may be an antenna panel on which the WTRU receives (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, TRS, DM-RS) or sends (e.g., SRS, DMRS) reference signals for the purpose of channel tracking or measurement. The WTRU may be scheduled to transmit on an active antenna panel in non-SMP1 mode. In some cases, the WTRU may report the index of the active panel (e.g., in a CSI report). In other cases, the WTRU may receive a control message from the network to indicate the active panel. The control message may include, for example, but not limited to, a MAC-CE or RRC reconfiguration containing the index of the panel to be activated. The WTRU may respond to the control message by transmitting a message with the requested information to the network.

[0122] In another example, in a second operating mode (e.g., non-SMP2), the WTRU may have more than one active antenna panel. For example, the WTRU may transmit from one antenna panel at a time, for example, in a non-SMP2 mode. The WTRU may receive DCI from an active panel (e.g., any active panel) to dynamically schedule the PUSCH. In some cases, the WTRU may indicate a set of active antenna panels (e.g., in a CSI report). In other cases, the WTRU may receive a control message from the network to indicate the set of active panels. The control message may include, for example, but not limited to, a MAC-CE or RRC reconfiguration containing an index of the panel to be activated. The WTRU may respond to the control message by transmitting a message with the requested information to the network.

[0123] In another example, in a third operating mode (e.g., SMP or STxMP), the WTRU may have more than one active antenna panel. The WTRU may transmit from more than one antenna panel in the same time slot, for example, in SMP or STxMP mode. The WTRU may receive a DCI or MAC-CE indicating a set of panels for SMP. In some cases, the WTRU may indicate the set of panels that support STxMP in a CSI report. In some cases, the WTRU may indicate the set of panels that support STxMP in a UL MAC-CE. The UL MAC-CE may indicate a panel index. In other cases, the WTRU may receive a control message to indicate a panel for STxMP. The control message may include, for example, but not limited to, a MAC-CE that includes an index of a panel paired with STxMP or RRC reconfiguration. The WTRU may respond to the control message by transmitting a message with the requested information to the network.

[0124] The WTRU may dynamically switch between operating modes. For example, the WTRU may dynamically switch between different multi-panel operating modes. The WTRU may receive a DCI from the network with a set of bits indicating an operating mode (e.g., an SMP operating mode). The set of bits may indicate one or more panel indexes for the SMP. For example, the WTRU may report the capability of the operating mode (e.g., the SMP operating mode) and / or the set of indexes to the network. The set of panel indexes may indicate the location (e.g., panel 1 and panel 2) where the WTRU is scheduled for SMP. The WTRU may determine a subset of panels to be used in the SMP. The WTRU may determine a subset of panels to be used in the SMP based on bits received in the DCI from the network. For example, the WTRU may be equipped with 4 panels. The WTRU may report that a subset of panels 1, 2, or 3 may be used for SMP. The WTRU may receive a bit indicating SMP and a bit indicating that a panel (e.g., panel 1 and panel 2) is to be used for SMP. The WTRU may receive a panel selection table from the network (e.g., via RRC configuration). The table field indicates the panel selection. For example, as Figure 3 As shown in Table 1 of , the WTRU may include 3 panels indexed as P1, P2 and P3. For the case where the received bit field is, for example, 01, SRI1 and SRI2 refer to the SRS resource sets of P1 and P3, respectively. The WTRU may receive a DCI that schedules a PUSCH, and / or the DCI may include a bit field (e.g., 00) for panel selection, SRI1 and / or SRI2. The WTRU may determine that the PUSCH is sent with panel P1 and panel P2 in the SMP, and the WTRU may determine that SRI1 and SRI2 refer to the SRS resource sets of P1 and P2, respectively. The WTRU may make this determination based on the DCI received from the network.

[0125] The WTRU may cycle through different panel index pairs in a predetermined pattern based on the received panel selection table and / or according to the repetition index. The WTRU may be configured, for example, by the network, with a separate panel selection table for multiple repetitions. The WTRU may receive a repetition index (e.g., TDRA) from the network in a DCI. For example, Figure 4 As shown in Table 2, the WTRU receives two repetitions of the bit field of the SMP and the corresponding panel index from the network. For example, for the case where the bit field is 00, the WTRU uses the panel {P1, P2} in the first repetition and uses the panel {P1, P3} in the second repetition to send. In another example, for the case where the bit field is 11, the WTRU uses {P1, P2} in two repetitions to send. In some cases, the WTRU may receive a mode in the mode pre-configured by RRC. In some cases, the WTRU may receive a MAC-CE for a mode in the activation mode via MAC-CE. In some cases, the WTRU may receive the bit field in the DCI that schedules the PUSCH.

[0126] In one or more cases, the WTRU may determine the antenna port mapping based on the STxMP operation mode. For example, the WTRU may receive a DCI scheduling a PUSCH with a field for antenna port indication. The WTRU may determine the table based on one or more of rank (e.g., 1 to 4), transform precoder (e.g., DFT or CP OFDM), or DMRS type and configuration. The WTRU may send the PUSCH with a DMRS port. The WTRU may perform rate matching around the DMRS CDM group as indicated by the antenna port indicator.

[0127] The WTRU may determine an antenna port table based on the SMP mode of operation. For example, the WTRU may determine an antenna port table with antenna port configurations based on the SMP mode of operation. The antenna port table may be, for example, a new antenna port table or an existing antenna port table. The WTRU may determine an association between the panel and the antenna port indication based on a DCI field (e.g., a received DCI field). For example, for a case where the WTRU receives a non-SMP mode of operation, the WTRU may determine to use Figure 2Table 1. In one example, the operating mode may be dynamically indicated in the DCI or configured by MAC-CE. In some cases, the WTRU may receive a bit indicating the SMP operating mode. For example, the SRI ordering in the DCI may be a first SRI from SRS resource set 1 or panel 1, and a second SRI from SRS resource set 2 or panel 2. Based on the ordering of the SRIs in the DCI, the WTRU may determine that the first port (e.g., 0) is associated with panel 1 and the second port is associated with panel 2 (e.g., 1). The antenna ports may be divided evenly or unevenly between panels (e.g., for other tables where the rank indication is greater than 2). For example, based on the SRS resource rank, the WTRU may determine the number of ports per panel. For example, the first SRI may indicate an SRS resource with rank 1, and the second SRI may indicate an SRS resource with rank 2. The WTRU may associate one port (e.g., port 0) to the first panel indicated by the first SRI. The WTRU may associate two ports (e.g., port 1 and port 2) to the second panel indicated by the second SRI.

[0128] The WTRU may use the SRS resource set indicator to determine an SMP operation mode with an association with an antenna port indication. For example, the WTRU may receive a DCI with two SRSs (e.g., SRI1 and SRI2), one or more bits (e.g., new bits) indicating an SMP operation mode, and one or more of the SRS resource set indicators. For example, for a case where the SMP operation mode indicates non-SMP, the SRS resource set indicator indicates legacy operation. For example, 01 and 11 indicate an ordering of SRIs that match repetitions. For the indicated SMP operation mode, for a case where an SRS resource set indicator of 00 is received, the WTRU determines to use SRI1 on panel 1 (e.g., non-SMP2 panel 1). For the indicated SMP operation mode, for a case where an SRS resource set indicator of 01 is received, the WTRU determines to use SRI2 on panel 2 (e.g., non-SMP2 panel 2). For the indicated SMP operation mode, for the case where an SRS resource set indicator of 10 is received, the WTRU determines to use SRI1 and SRI2, where SRI1 corresponds to panel 1 and SRI2 corresponds to panel 2 (SMP). For the indicated SMP operation mode, for the case where an SRS resource set indicator of 11 is received, the WTRU determines that SRI1 corresponds to panel 1 and SRI2 corresponds to panel 3 (SMP).

[0129] When the DCI indicates a non-SMP mode of operation, the WTRU may use conventional tables such as Figure 53. The DCI may indicate a non-SMP mode of operation, for example, by means of an SRS resource set indicator and / or a bit field for SMP. In one or more cases, when the DCI indicates an SMP mode of operation, the WTRU may use a table such as Figure 6 As shown in Table 4.

[0130] The WTRU may be configured to determine antenna port mapping and / or SMP operation mode. For example, the WTRU may determine antenna port mapping and / or SMP operation mode based on antenna port indication. The WTRU may determine an antenna port mapping table (e.g., a new antenna port mapping table) for SMP operation. The antenna port mapping table may indicate SMP or non-SMP operation mode. For example, the WTRU may determine an antenna port mapping and / or SMP operation mode based on an antenna port indication. Figure 7 Table 5 (which shows an example of an SMP antenna port table) is used to determine whether to transmit in SMP operation mode or non-SMP operation mode. In one example, any value greater than or equal to 7 corresponds to an SMP mode in which two antenna ports are used and are associated with different panels. In another example, if the indication value is 0, the WTRU transmits a PUSCH with DMRS port 0 and DMRS port 1 on a single antenna panel. In another example, if the indication value is 7, the WTRU transmits a PUSCH with DMRS port 0 and DMRS port 1 on panel 0 and panel 1, respectively. In one or more cases, when a single panel is indicated, the WTRU may use a single PUSCH scrambling identifier. In one or more cases, when two panels are indicated, the WTRU may use two PUSCH scrambling identifiers.

[0131] The WTRU may receive one or more PUSCH scrambling parameters, for example, from a gNB. The PUSCH scrambling parameters may be, for example, but not limited to, PUSCH-related sequence initialization parameters, datascramblingidentityPUSCH values, and the like. The WTRU may use the PUSCH scrambling parameters for transmission of PUSCH. For example, the WTRU may use the PUSCH scrambling parameters to transmit PUSCH, for example, for interference randomization / mitigation between cells and / or between WTRU / TRP ULs. Note that the examples provided herein involve one or more PUSCH scrambling parameters, including a first PUSCH scrambling parameter for TRP1 and / or WTRU panel 1 and a second PUSCH scrambling parameter for TRP2 and / or WTRU panel 2. However, it should be understood that the examples provided herein may be applicable to more than two TRPs and / or more than two WTRU panels considered / applied for communication between a gNB (e.g., a gNB employing at least TRP1 and TRP2) and a WTRU (e.g., a WTRU employing / using at least WTRU panel 1 and WTRU panel 2). One of the TRPs may be, for example, a primary TRP (eg, TRP1).

[0132] The WTRU may receive an indication / configuration of one or more PUSCH scrambling parameters with a scrambling ID (e.g., a first scrambling ID) that may be used / applied to TRP1. For example, the one or more PUSCH scrambling parameters with a scrambling ID may be used / applied to TRP1 associated with a first CORESETpool index or a first TRP indicator, and / or WTRU panel 1. The WTRU may receive an indication / configuration of one or more PUSCH scrambling parameters with a second scrambling ID that may be used / applied to TRP2. For example, the one or more PUSCH scrambling parameters with a second scrambling ID may be used / applied to TRP2 associated with a second CORESETpool index or a second TRP indicator, and / or WTRU panel 2.

[0133] The WTRU may (be configured to) apply / use a scrambling ID (e.g., a first scrambling ID or a second scrambling ID) to send a PUSCH. For example, when a PUSCH is scheduled to be sent to TRP1 or TRP2, the WTRU may apply / use a scrambling ID to send a PUSCH. The WTRU may apply / use a scrambling ID to send a PUSCH based on, for example, determining whether at least one or more of the following conditions are satisfied.

[0134] The first condition for applying / using the scrambling ID may include receiving a DCI including a scheduling grant for the PUSCH. The DCI including the scheduling grant for the PUSCH may be received via a CORESET associated with TRP1 or TRP2 (e.g., based on the CORESET). For example, the CORESET may be associated with TRP1 or TRP2 based on one or more of a CORESETpoolIndex value, a TRP indicator, etc.

[0135] The second condition for applying / using the scrambling ID may correspond to receiving a beam / TCI indication associated with TRP1 or TRP2 for the scheduled PUSCH. The beam / TCI indication may be associated with TRP1 or TRP2 for the scheduled PUSCH, for example, by a UL-TCI state, by an SRS resource indicator (SRI), by a unified TCI applicable to multiple channels / signals, or by a separate / direct beam / TCI state indicated for the PUSCH. For example, the WTRU may receive an mTRP-UL-TCI with more than one (unified) TCI state. The TCI state may be, for example, a unified TCI state. The WTRU may determine (or receive an indication) that each of more than one TCI may be associated with each PUSCH scrambling ID (e.g., for each TRP). In another example, the WTRU may receive a grant with two SRIs belonging to two SRS resource sets. The WTRU may apply a first scrambling identifier to the SRI from the first resource set and apply a second scrambling identifier to the transmission with the SRI from the second resource set.

[0136] The third condition for applying / using the scrambling ID may correspond to receiving an indication / configuration of a semi-static selection of the scrambling ID. For example, the WTRU may receive an RRC configuration in which the PUSCH scrambling ID is associated with the corresponding TRP and / or based on receiving an indication of which TRP the scrambling ID is to be associated with for updating / activating. The PUSCH scrambling ID may be associated with the corresponding TRP based on a fixed association rule. The WTRU may receive an indication of updating / activating the scrambling ID via, for example, a MAC-CE.

[0137] A fourth condition for applying / using a scrambling ID may be based on receiving a dynamic indication (e.g., via a DCI) of a scrambling ID for PUSCH for each TRP. The WTRU may receive the dynamic indication, for example, via a DCI. The WTRU may receive a dynamic indication of a scrambling ID for PUSCH for each TRP, for example, for interference randomization. In one example, the WTRU may receive a DCI1 including a first field and separately receive a DCI2 including a second field. For example, the first field may be a DMRS-related field. For example, the second field may be a DMRS-related field. DCI1 including the first field may indicate a first scrambling ID for TRP1. DCI2 including the second field may indicate a second scrambling ID for TRP2. In another example, the WTRU may receive a DCI including a field (e.g., a DMRS-related field) containing a code point. The code point may be associated with an SMP mode / parameter. The codepoint may indicate that the WTRU applies a first scrambling ID to a first set of layers / ports of the PUSCH (e.g., sent from WTRU panel 1) and a second scrambling ID to a second set of layers / ports of the PUSCH (e.g., sent from WTRU panel 1). The first set of layers / ports may be sent, for example, from WTRU panel 1. For example, the second set of layers / ports may be sent from WTRU panel 1. The scheduled PUSCH is received at TRP1 and TRP2. The scheduled PUSCH is received at TRP1 and TRP2 based on layer / port domain separation of the PUSCH. The layer / port domain separation of the PUSCH may be, for example, a "layer / port domain separated" SMP-PUSCH. In an example, the DMRS layer / port indication for SMP may be based on one or more codepoints in the DMRS-related field of the DCI. One or more reserved codepoints of the DMRS-related field may be reused to indicate the SMP port. The WTRU may determine the PUSCH scrambling ID. For example, the WTRU may determine the PUSCH scrambling ID based on receiving the DMRS-related field. The DMRS-related field may include, for example, an indication of an SMP port.The DMRS-related field may include an indication of an SMP port according to an antenna port indicated by a codepoint in the one or more codepoints.

[0138] The WTRU may receive an explicit indication or an implicit indication, for example, via a DCI. The indication may indicate whether a scrambling ID of one or more PUSCH scrambling parameters will be applied to the scheduled PUSCH. For example, the scrambling ID may be associated with a TRP.

[0139] The WTRU may receive a DCI, such as a second DCI. The received second DCI may schedule a PUSCH to be sent to TRP2. The WTRU may use the received DCI to schedule the PUSCH to be sent to TRP2. The second DCI that schedules the PUSCH to be sent to TRP2 may be based on one or more of the CORESETpoolIndex value of the CORESET used to receive the second DCI, the TRP indicator, the beam / TCI indication for the PUSCH, the WTRU panel ID, etc. The WTRU may determine that the DCI (e.g., the second DCI) includes an explicit indication or an implicit indication to apply a scrambling ID to the PUSCH. The indication to apply the scrambling ID to the PUSCH may be, for example, for the purpose of interference randomization. The WTRU may send the PUSCH based on applying the scrambling ID to the PUSCH. For example, in response to determining that the second DCI includes an indication to apply the scrambling ID, the WTRU sends the PUSCH based on applying the scrambling ID to the PUSCH.

[0140] The WTRU may receive a DCI (e.g., a third DCI) scheduling a PUSCH (e.g., a third PUSCH) to be sent to TRP2. The WTRU may determine that the DCI (e.g., the third DCI) includes an explicit indication or an implicit indication that a scrambling ID is not to be applied to the PUSCH (e.g., the third PUSCH). For example, the WTRU may determine that the third DCI includes an indication that a scrambling ID is not to be applied to the third PUSCH, for example based on an effective interference management policy of the network, i.e., prioritizing the assignment of orthogonal DMRS ports (without applying a scrambling ID) to the PUSCH, rather than applying a scrambling ID to produce an interference randomization effect. The WTRU may send the PUSCH without applying the scrambling ID to the PUSCH. For example, in response to determining that the DCI includes an indication that a scrambling ID is not to be applied to the PUSCH, the WTRU may send the PUSCH without applying the scrambling ID to the PUSCH.

[0141] Applying a scrambling ID to the PUSCH of a WTRU (or WTRU panel) or not applying a scrambling ID (which may be determined dynamically (e.g., via DCI)) may provide advantages in terms of UL interference mitigation and / or performance improvement, as there may be a (performance) trade-off between the following. For example, ensuring DMRS port orthogonality between WTRUs and other WTRUs (or between a WTRU panel and other WTRU panels of the same WTRU) in a cell / TRP (or across cells / TRPs) may improve performance without applying a scrambling ID to the PUSCH (e.g., when high correlation between WTRU panels is observed / determined / considered when scheduling PUSCH). In another example, applying a scrambling ID to the PUSCH to achieve an interference randomization effect may improve performance (e.g., when low correlation (in terms of beam directions) between WTRU panels is observed / determined / considered when scheduling PUSCH, (e.g., DMRS port orthogonality may not be a dominant factor due to beam domain separation between WTRU panels)). These advantages may be achieved in lieu of strict DMRS port orthogonality. The WTRU may receive a grant (e.g., DCI) for the transmission of a PUSCH, wherein a dynamic indication to apply or not apply scrambling on a PUSCH with a scrambling ID may be received based on (e.g., associated with) the grant (e.g., wherein the PUSCH is to be sent to multiple TRPs (e.g., as SMP-PUSCH) or is to be sent to a single (selected) TRP (e.g., as non-SMP-PUSCH)). The WTRU may receive the grant for the transmission of a PUSCH based on taking into account the above advantages / tradeoffs.

[0142] In one or more cases, for msgA PUSCH, the WTRU may determine to use a scrambling identifier (e.g., two scrambling identifiers) based on the preamble index. A subset of preamble indices may be associated with two different scrambling identifiers. The WTRU may use a preamble from the subset to initiate msgA transmission. The WTRU may determine a pair of scrambling identifiers. The WTRU may use one scrambling identifier from the pair of scrambling identifiers for each panel.

[0143] The WTRU may initiate a RACH procedure by selecting a preamble index and / or sending a msgA preamble and PUSCH using resources allocated for a preamble index for a 2-step RACH. In one or more other cases, in a 4-step RACH, the WTRU may select a preamble and send the preamble (e.g., msg1). The WTRU may receive a response from the network containing a grant (e.g., msg2). The WTRU may send a request using the allocated grant (e.g., msg3). The WTRU may receive a contention resolution (e.g., msg4) from the network.

[0144] The WTRU may send msgA PUSCH or msg3 in SMP operation mode. The WTRU may send msgA PUSCH or msg3 in SMP operation mode by, for example, selecting a preamble from a subset of preambles associated with SMP. For example, preambles 1 to N may be associated with SMP. For the case where the WTRU sends a preamble with index 1<=n<=N, the WTRU may send msgA PUSCH or msg3 in SMP. The WTRU may use a default configuration of an SMP panel with preconfigured msgA PUSCH or msg3. For example, the default configuration of the SMP panel may include panel 1 and panel 2 for SMP with msgA having SRI1 and SRI2. In some cases, for each panel, the WTRU may associate a scrambling identifier (e.g., panel 1 scrambling identifier 1 and panel 2 scrambling identifier 2) with a panel index. In other cases, the WTRU may receive a msg2 grant, which includes an indication of the SMP operation mode and associated parameters.

[0145] A WTRU with multiple panels may be able to adjust its power for each panel. The WTRU may use different transmit powers depending on the panel and / or TRP to which the UL transmission is directed. Since the path loss towards one TRP may be different from the path loss to another TRP, the WTRU may adjust the power of each of its panels.

[0146] The WTRU grant may include a set (e.g., two) of power control parameters. The set of power control parameters may be, for example, open loop and closed loop commands, such as α, P0, and TPC. The power control parameters may be determined based on the TRP and / or TDM transmission. The WTRU may implement two power control loops and / or scaling rules based on the EIRP limit and / or TotRadPw (total radiated power) for each UL spatial filter (e.g., beam). The WTRU may implement two power control loops and / or scaling rules using two simultaneous transmissions on two different panels.

[0147] Power levels may be determined for different form factors. Power levels may be defined based on, for example, but not limited to, one or more of EIRP, TotRadPw, spherical coverage, etc. In some cases, the WTRU may transmit using a single beam. In some cases, the WTRU may use two beams and two panels for simultaneous transmission. For situations where the WTRU may transmit using two beams and two panels simultaneously, the WTRU may use one or more scaling rules for a specified TotRadPw limit. A WTRU panel may be rated as having omnidirectional EIRP power capability and / or complying with a TotRadPw limit. In this way, the WTRU may use one or more scaling rules to comply with a specified TotRadPw limit because each panel may be rated as having omnidirectional EIRP power capability, thereby complying with the TotRadPw limit. In other cases, the WTRU may determine scaling rules based on hardware limitations at the WTRU (e.g., power limitations of each panel). Based on the path loss to each TRP, if the UL grant is different (e.g., throughput case) with respect to the same UL grant (e.g., reliability case), the allocated power may be different. For example, even if the path loss to each TRP is approximately the same, the allocated power may be different if the UL grant is different for the same UL grant.

[0148] The primary TRP or pTRP can be the cell that broadcasts the SSB. Other TRPs may be referred to as secondary TRPs or aTRPs. Auxiliary TRPs may be added to the configuration. pTRPs and aTRPs may be served by different panels. The TRP may receive a set of outer loop (OL) parameters. The set of OL parameters may be different for each TRP. The set of OL parameters may be associated with an antenna port or SRI. Examples are described herein with reference to power control of PUSCH. It should be understood that the power control description may apply to SRS and / or PUCCH transmissions.

[0149] The UL grant for each TRP may be approximately the same. For example, Pcmax_panel1 = Pcmax_panel2 = Pcmax_panel. This may be applicable in the case where there is the same RB and MCS allocation without P-MPR. This may provide reliable power control for the WTRU.

[0150] The WTRU may start power allocation for the pTRP. The WTRU may evaluate the power allocation against Pcmax_panel. Pcmax_panel may be a determined or stored value. The WTRU may consider EIRP_panel1 and TotRadPw_panel1. The WTRU may determine whether the power allocated on the pTRP exceeds Pcmax_panel. The WTRU may scale the power allocation for the pTRP and / or aTRP based on comparing EIRP_panel1 and TotRadPw_panel1 to Pcmax_panel. For example, the WTRU may reduce aTRP transmission (e.g., due to lack of power resources). In another example, for a situation where the power allocated on the pTRP exceeds Pcmax_panel, the WTRU may scale accordingly, for example, by discarding aTRP transmission due to lack of power resources.

[0151] The WTRU may perform power allocation for panel 2. The WTRU may verify the TotRadPw of each WTRU from both panels. A WTRU with 2 panels may provide spherical coverage in a composite mode. That is, each panel may have 50% of the sphere. TotRadPw may be divided into two spatial regions. TotRadPw may be additive. TotRadPw may result in independent EIRP levels with their own EIRP limits. The global TotRadPw may be a limit (e.g., for simultaneous UL transmissions). In one or more other cases, the WTRU panels may have separate EIRP thresholds. For the relevant TotRadPw within the spherical coverage, the EIRP threshold may be less than Pcmax_panel. Scaling may be performed based on the TotRadPw of each WTRU and the aTRP-related panels. For example, when simultaneous transmissions occur, scaling may be performed based on the TotRadPw of each WTRU and the aTRP-related panels (e.g., only on the aTRP-related panels).

[0152] The WTRU may have an UL grant for pTRP and aTRP (which may be different). That is, the RB and MCS are different and may undergo one or more independent link adaptation processes. This may apply throughput power control. The WTRU may start its power allocation by comparing the pTRP UL grant with the corresponding Pcmax_panel1. The WTRU may determine the power allocation for the aTRP UL grant corresponding to Pcmax_panel2. The WTRU panel may be subject to a common power level limit for EIRP for each panel. Since each panel complies with the common power level limit for EIRP for each panel, the WTRU may verify its power limit based on the TotRadPw limit of each WTRU as shown below:

[0153] TotRadPw_panel1+TotRadPw_panel2<=TotRadPw

[0154] If the WTRU determines that the above equation is not satisfied, the WTRU may perform a scaling operation to comply with the TotRadPw limit for each WTRU. The scaling may be performed based on one or more of the following rules or priorities: (i) PUCCH with ACK / NACK has a higher priority than PUCCH with CSI; (ii) PUSCH with UCI has a higher priority than PUSCH without UCI; (iii) PUSCH+PUSCH without UCI or CSI may result in pTRP transmission priority; (iv) For the case where P-MPR is applied to a panel transmission, another panel may receive power allocation priority; (v) The WTRU may determine that a codeword (e.g., one codeword) has a higher priority than another codeword (e.g., where codeword 1 is transmitted on panel 1 and codeword 2 is transmitted on panel 2); and (vi) The WTRU may determine that the two PUSCH transmissions are for different service types with different reliability requirements. The WTRU may determine that two PUSCH transmissions are for different traffic types with different reliability requirements, one PUSCH for high reliability (e.g., URLLC) and the second PUSCH for high throughput (e.g., eMBB). The WTRU may, for example, apply a scaling factor to the high throughput transmission.

[0155] The WTRU may determine to transmit using a single panel. For example, for a case where the applied scaling factor is greater than a threshold, the WTRU may determine to transmit using a single panel. In some cases, the WTRU may receive a scaling threshold as part of an SMP power control configuration. In other cases, the WTRU may receive a scaling threshold as part of a per-TRP power control configuration (e.g., SRI power control). The WTRU may store the threshold in a memory. The threshold may be a stored WTRU parameter. The WTRU may apply a threshold for each panel. For example, the WTRU may apply a threshold for each panel such that if the scaling factor applied to panel 1 is greater than a threshold, the WTRU may discard, for example, panel 1. The WTRU may transmit on panel 2. In other cases, the WTRU may transmit from the panel to which the smallest scaling factor is applied (e.g., only transmit). For example, for a case where the WTRU determines to apply scaling factors a1 and a2 to panel 1 and panel 2, respectively, and a1>a2>threshold, the WTRU may determine to transmit on panel 2 (e.g., only on panel 2). In some cases, the WTRU may include an indication of the scaled power of a single panel in the PHR. The WTRU may include a single PH value in the PHR. A single PH value may implicitly indicate fallback to single panel transmission. In other cases, the WTRU may include an explicit flag indication to fallback to single panel transmission.

[0156] The scaling factor may be determined and / or applied for each panel. For example, the WTRU may determine P1 as the power transmission for panel 1 based on the power control parameters of panel 1 and based on the power control algorithm. The WTRU may determine P2 as the power transmission for panel 2 based on the power control parameters of panel 2 and the power control algorithm. When the WTRU determines that scaling is to be performed for panel 1, the WTRU may apply a scaling factor α as α*P1, and the WTRU may set its transmit power to α*P1.

[0157] The WTRU may receive a configuration including a set of power scaling factors (e.g., α values) or a codebook. For example, the WTRU may receive an indication that the WTRU may select α from the set {0.5, 0.25, 0.1}. The WTRU may indicate the index of the α used (e.g., in a power headroom report (PHR)). The PHR may include additional bits to indicate the α index for each PH value and the index of the panel to which the α is applied.

[0158] The WTRU may determine to apply a scaling factor α based on one or more thresholds. For example, the WTRU may receive a configuration with multiple α (e.g., {0.5, 0.25, 0.1}) and a set of power thresholds (e.g., {threshold1, threshold2, threshold3}). The WTRU may calculate Δ=P1-P2. If Δ>threshold1, the WTRU may select 0.5. If threshold1>=Δ>threshold2, the WTRU may select 0.25. If threshold2>=Δ, the WTRU may select 0.1. If threshold3>Δ, the WTRU may not apply a scaling factor.

[0159] Figure 8 is an example diagram 800 showing a WTRU 802 and a network element 804 configured according to an example configuration of the above-described features. In diagram 800, the WTRU 802 may receive a configuration for an mTRP STxMP at 806. For example, the mTRP STxMP configuration may include multiple SRS resource sets (e.g., one SRS resource set per TRP) each including one or more SRS resources and / or multiple PUSCH scrambling IDs (e.g., one PUSCH scrambling ID for each of a plurality of panels). For example, the mTRP STxMP configuration may include two SRS resource sets (e.g., one for each of two TRPs) each including one or more SRS resources and two PUSCH scrambling IDs, one for each of a first panel and a second panel.

[0160] At 808, the WTRU 802 may include a DCI. The DCI may include a UL grant. The DCI may include a transmit mode indication indicating a single panel transmission or a simultaneous multi-panel (STxMP) transmission. In some examples, the transmit mode indication may be one or more bits (e.g., additional bits in the DCI), such as 1 bit. For example, by extending the existing 2-bit SRS resource set indicator (SRSSI) in the DCI to 3 bits and reusing these bits as described herein, a transmit mode indication may be provided via a DCI including three bits as the most significant bit of the 3 bits. The DCI may include an indication of which panel to use for each resource set (e.g., 1 bit: the LSB of the 3 bits when the indicated tx mode is STxMP). For example, which panel is used for each resource set may be indicated via a 3-bit SRSSI, where when the first bit is 0: single panel mode with Release 17 option; 000: single TRP1; 001: single TRP2; 010: TDM TRP1-TRP2; 011: TDM TRP2-TRP1; and when the first bit is 1: multi-panel mode configured with STxMP option, such as 100: panel 1 / 2 with SRS resource set 1 / 2, 101: panel 1 / 2 with SRS resource set 2 / 1. The DCI may include an indication (e.g., via TPMI or SRI) of the precoder for one or more (e.g., each) layers, such as a first precoder and a first number of layers (L1) and a second precoder and a second number of layers (L2), where L1<>L2.

[0161] At 810, the WTRU may transmit a PUSCH with STxMP based on the configuration information (e.g., received at 806) and / or the DCI (e.g., received at 808). For example, based on the indication of which panel to use for each resource set, the WTRU may send a PUSCH transmission using (e.g., based on) the first panel via SRS resources in the first set and using (e.g., based on) the second panel via SRS resources in the second set (e.g., as shown in 812). Alternatively, based on the indication of which panel to use for each resource set, the WTRU may send a PUSCH transmission using (e.g., based on) the first panel in the second set via SRS resources and use (e.g., based on) the second panel in the first set via SRS resources (e.g., as shown in 814). In some examples, transmissions using each panel use scrambling based on an index of the corresponding panel, and a corresponding scrambling ID and precoding (e.g., based on a corresponding TPMI or SRI in the DCI) are applied to the corresponding layer numbers of each panel (e.g., L1 and L2 for panel 1 and panel 2, respectively).

[0162] Although features and elements are described above in specific combinations, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that each feature or element may be used alone or in any combination with other features and elements. In addition, the methods described herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware incorporated in a computer-readable medium for execution by a computer or processor. Examples of computer-readable media include electronic signals (sent via a wired or wireless connection) and computer-readable storage media. Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), registers, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media (such as built-in hard disks and removable disks), magneto-optical media, and optical media (such as CD-ROM disks and digital versatile disks (DVDs)). A processor associated with software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for a WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC, or any host.

Claims

1. A wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), the WTRU comprising: A processor, the processor being configured to: receiving configuration information indicating a first sounding reference signal (SRS) resource set and a second SRS resource set; receiving first downlink control information (DCI) including a first UL grant, the first DCI including a first indication to transmit simultaneously using a plurality of panels and a second indication associating each of the plurality of panels with a respective one of the first SRS resource set or the second SRS resource set for the first UL grant, wherein the second indication indicates: The first SRS resource set is to be used for a first transmission using a first panel and the second SRS resource set is to be used for a second transmission using a second panel, or the second SRS resource set is to be used for the first transmission using the first panel and the first SRS resource set is to be used for the second transmission using the second panel; as well as According to the first indication and the second indication, the first transmission is sent via the first panel and the second transmission is sent via the second panel at the same time.

2. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the configuration information indicates a first scrambling ID associated with a first panel and a second scrambling ID associated with a second panel.

3. The WTRU of claim 2 , wherein the first transmission using the first panel uses a first scrambling sequence determined based on an index of the first panel and the first scrambling ID, and the second transmission using the second panel uses a second scrambling sequence determined based on an index of the second panel and the second scrambling ID.

4. The WTRU of claim 3, wherein the first scrambling sequence is initialized with the index of the first panel and the second scrambling sequence is initialized with the index of the second panel.

5. The WTRU of claim 3 , wherein the first transmission using the first panel uses a first pre-decoder based on a first number of layers associated with the first panel, and the second transmission using the second panel uses a second pre-decoder based on a second number of layers associated with the second panel.

6. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the first DCI further comprises a third indication associating the first precoder with a first number of layers and associating the second precoder with a second number of layers.

7. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the first set of SRS resources corresponds to a first spatial filter and the second set of SRS resources corresponds to a second spatial filter.

8. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to: determining a power scaling factor to adjust power distribution between the first panel and the second panel; and The power scaling factor is applied to adjust the power distribution between the first panel and the second panel.

9. A method comprising: receiving configuration information indicating a first sounding reference signal (SRS) resource set and a second SRS resource set; receiving first downlink control information (DCI) including a first UL grant, the first DCI including a first indication to transmit simultaneously using a plurality of panels and a second indication associating each of the plurality of panels with a respective one of the first SRS resource set or the second SRS resource set for the first UL grant, wherein the second indication indicates: The first SRS resource set is to be used for a first transmission using a first panel and the second SRS resource set is to be used for a second transmission using a second panel, or the second SRS resource set is to be used for the first transmission using the first panel and the first SRS resource set is to be used for the second transmission using the second panel; as well as According to the first indication and the second indication, the first transmission is sent via the first panel and the second transmission is sent via the second panel at the same time.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the configuration information indicates a first scrambling ID associated with a first panel and a second scrambling ID associated with a second panel.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first transmission using the first panel uses a first scrambling sequence determined based on an index of the first panel and the first scrambling ID, and the second transmission using the second panel uses a second scrambling sequence determined based on an index of the second panel and the second scrambling ID.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first scrambling sequence is initialized with the index of the first panel, and the second scrambling sequence is initialized with the index of the second panel.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the first transmission using the first panel uses a first pre-decoder based on a first number of layers associated with the first panel, and the second transmission using the second panel uses a second pre-decoder based on a second number of layers associated with the second panel.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the first DCI further comprises a third indication associating the first precoder with a first number of layers and associating the second precoder with a second number of layers.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein the first SRS resource set corresponds to a first spatial filter and the second SRS resource set corresponds to a second spatial filter.

16. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: determining a power scaling factor to adjust power distribution between the first panel and the second panel; as well as The power scaling factor is applied to adjust the power distribution between the first panel and the second panel.

Images