A harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device harvesting method, the device includes leaf removal mechanism, adjustable one-letter cutter disc mechanism, four-wheel chassis, lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism, collection basket and rack;Letuce harvesting method includes the following steps: S10: judging one-letter type blade height from ground and adjusting to appropriate height;Device is pushed to harvesting area, S20: rough leaf removal ring is aligned with lettuce, and up and down moving assembly drives leaf removal component to remove leaf to lettuce;S30: open lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism and adjustable one-letter cutter disc mechanism total switch;S40: whether one-letter type blade operation is normal, not normal, then brake by electromagnetic chuck and repair;S50: whether the lettuce to be harvested is harvested, and if harvesting is completed, it is transported to rear collection basket;S60: adjust one-letter cutter disc mechanism total switch to close, and operation is finished.The application harvesting method realizes the leaf removal and harvesting work of field lettuce, with the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high efficiency and good interchangeability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lettuce harvesting device technology, and specifically to a harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device. Background Technology

[0002] Lettuce, also known as celtuce, is a biennial or annual herbaceous plant belonging to the genus *Lactuca* of the family Asteraceae, characterized by its fleshy, tender stems. Other names include stem lettuce, lettuce shoots, and green lettuce. The stems and leaves contain lactucin, a bitter compound with analgesic properties. Lettuce is highly adaptable and can be cultivated in spring and autumn or overwintered, with spring cultivation being the primary method and harvesting in summer.

[0003] Currently, lettuce delivered to the market generally requires the removal of the leaves from the top bud. At the same time, the bottom cut of the lettuce needs to be neat and the lettuce itself should not be damaged too much so as not to affect the quality of the lettuce in the market.

[0004] Traditionally, lettuce is harvested manually. One method involves removing the leaves (excluding the terminal bud) from the lettuce using a leaf-removing ring before harvesting and transporting it to the market. Another method involves harvesting the lettuce first, then removing the leaves, and finally transporting it to the market. This separate process results in low harvesting efficiency and cannot guarantee the quality of the lettuce delivered to the market. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problem that the separate operation process in the existing manual harvesting methods for lettuce in the background technology leads to low harvesting efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention proposes a harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device, which includes a frame, a four-wheel chassis, and components mounted on the frame:

[0007] A leaf removal mechanism, comprising an up-and-down moving assembly and a leaf removal assembly; the leaf removal assembly comprises a fine leaf removal assembly and a coarse leaf removal ring at the bottom; the fine leaf removal assembly comprises a DC brushless motor, a pinion and an external gear ring, wherein a flexible leaf removal part is provided on the inner side of the external gear ring;

[0008] An adjustable single-blade cutting head mechanism includes an electric lead screw assembly and a single-blade cutting head mechanism. The single-blade cutting head mechanism includes a single-blade, a DC brushless motor, a blade arm, and several electromagnetic chucks; as well as a lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism and a collection basket located below its output end.

[0009] The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device includes the following steps:

[0010] S10: Power on, the leaf removal component is raised to the highest position by the up-and-down moving component, the operator judges the height of the straight blade from the ground and adjusts it to a suitable height; the operator then uses the handrail on the frame to control the direction of travel and pushes the device into the harvesting area, aiming at the area where the lettuce is about to be harvested;

[0011] S20: The operator visually aligns the coarse defoliation ring with the lettuce to be harvested at the rear of the device, presses the normally open button to start the defoliation mechanism, and the up-and-down moving component moves the defoliation component down to the lowest position. At the same time, the DC brushless motor drives the gear set to rotate, which in turn drives the flexible defoliation parts to rotate at high speed. After the defoliation mechanism stops at the lowest position for a few seconds, it is lifted to the highest position by the up-and-down moving component. The DC brushless motor stops running, and the normally open switch for the defoliation device is released.

[0012] S30: The operator pushes the device forward using the handrail, and at the same time turns on the main switch of the lettuce clamping conveyor mechanism and the second DC brushless motor to run the left and right belts of the lettuce clamping conveyor mechanism and the second DC brushless motor of the one-piece cutter disc mechanism.

[0013] S40: The operator judges whether the straight blade is operating normally. If the straight blade is operating normally, the DC brushless motor 2 drives the straight blade to rotate at high speed; at the same time, the left and right belts reverse at the same speed to clamp the lettuce to be harvested and transport it backward.

[0014] S50: Determine whether the lettuce to be harvested has been harvested by the straight blade. If harvesting is completed, the harvested lettuce is transported to the rear collection basket by the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism.

[0015] S60: Determine whether the harvested lettuce has reached the rear collection basket. If so, the operator will turn off the main switch controlling the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism and the second DC brushless motor; the electromagnetic chuck will be powered on for a few seconds and then powered off to stop the I-shaped blade from rotating, and the harvesting operation will be completed.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the following steps are also included: S12: When the operator determines that the blade is too low or the height is insufficient, if the height is insufficient, the blade lifting button is pressed and the blade is lifted; if the height is too high, the blade lowering button is pressed and the blade is lowered until the appropriate position is reached.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the following steps are also included: S14: The operator selectively adopts the labor-saving push; when the operator needs to push with labor-saving, the operator presses the normally open button of the drive power wheel on the four-wheel chassis, and the power wheel is powered on and rotates.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the following steps are also included: S16: If the operator does not need to use the effort-saving push mode, the operator releases the normally open button of the drive power wheel on the four-wheel chassis, the power wheel is de-energized and stops rotating, and the cycle ends.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the following steps are also included: S42: When the blade is not running properly, the operator opens the blade brake switch, the DC brushless motor is de-energized, the electromagnetic chuck is energized to hold the blade to achieve the purpose of braking, and all the drive stepper motors of the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism are de-energized.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the following steps are also included: S44: The operator handles the abnormal situation to restore the operation of the one-piece blade to normal, the operator turns off the blade disc brake switch, and then the electromagnetic chuck is de-energized, and the harvesting operation ends.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the following steps are also included: S62: When the operator determines that the lettuce has not reached the rear collection basket, the operator returns to step S50 and determines whether the lettuce to be harvested has been harvested by the straight blade, until the harvested lettuce is transported to the rear collection basket by the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the external gear ring is disposed between the upper cover plate and the lower abutment plate of the thrust ball bearing, and the external gear ring is constrained axially by the upper thrust ball bearing and the lower thrust ball bearing; in addition, a transition ring is provided on the outer side of the lower thrust ball bearing, and the external gear ring mates with a plurality of deep groove ball bearings mounted on the transition ring in the radial direction.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the flexible de-leaf part is a rubber band and three support plates that expand it into a triangular shape, and the three support plates are fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer gear ring; or the flexible de-leaf part is a plurality of flexible blades, and the flexible blades are fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer gear ring.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the one-piece cutter head mechanism is equipped with a brake and baffle integrated disc, the brake and baffle integrated disc is equipped with a plurality of electromagnetic chucks, the electromagnetic chucks brake the one-piece cutter head made of stainless steel or iron, and the brake and baffle integrated disc has an arc-shaped baffle on its side.

[0025] The semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device provided by this invention can meet the harvesting needs of lettuce transferred in plains and hilly areas, and is suitable for small and medium-sized lettuce planting fields. The device is a small and medium-sized piece of equipment, and simultaneously meets the dual requirements of efficient leaf removal and complete harvesting. The harvesting device of this invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high efficiency and good interchangeability.

[0026] The lettuce harvesting method provided by this invention allows for adjusting the position of the harvesting device via a four-wheel chassis based on the location of each lettuce, ensuring that the leaf-removing ring is fitted onto the lettuce. The height of the straight blade relative to the ground is adjusted according to the height of each lettuce to ensure proper cutting height, avoiding waste or cutting the lettuce root and failing to meet quality requirements. The harvesting device is controlled by checking whether the straight blade is operating normally and whether the harvested lettuce has reached the rear collection basket, thus achieving safe harvesting.

[0027] In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, this application has other purposes, features, and advantages. A further detailed description of this application will be provided below with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting method of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting method of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting method of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting method of the present invention. Figure 4 ;

[0033] Figure 5 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable slotted cutter head of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the four-wheel chassis of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the leaf removal mechanism's up-and-down moving component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the leaf removal mechanism and leaf removal component of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10This is a side cross-sectional view of the leaf removal mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible leaf removal part of the leaf removal mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the external gear ring in the leaf removal mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Leaf removal mechanism; 2. Adjustable single-blade cutter head mechanism; 3. Four-wheel chassis; 4. Lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism; 5. Collection basket; 6. Frame; 11. Up-down moving assembly; 12. Leaf removal assembly; 103. Synchronous belt mechanism; 104. Linear slide rail slider mechanism; 108. DC brushless motor; 109. Support rib sheet metal; 110. Transition ring; 111. Deep groove ball bearing; 112. Coarse leaf removal ring; 113. External gear ring; 114. Pinion; 115. Upper thrust. 121. Ball bearing; 122. Connecting rod; 123. Lower thrust ball bearing; 124. Lower abutment plate; 125. Upper cover plate of thrust ball bearing; 136. Rubber band; 140. Inner groove; 201. Pressure plate; 202. Brake and baffle integrated disc; 203. Blade arm; 209. DC brushless motor II; 210. Electromagnetic chuck; 212. One-line blade; 301. Drive wheel; 302. Driven wheel I; 303. Driven wheel II; 304. Driven wheel III; 601. Left handrail; 602. Right handrail. Detailed Implementation

[0042] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] like Figures 5-12 As shown, the present invention proposes a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device, including a frame 6, a four-wheel chassis 3, and a leaf-removing mechanism 1 mounted on the frame 6. The leaf-removing mechanism 1 includes a vertical moving assembly 11 and a leaf-removing assembly 12. The leaf-removing assembly 12 includes a fine leaf-removing assembly and a coarse leaf-removing ring at the bottom. The fine leaf-removing assembly includes a DC brushless motor 108, a pinion 114, and an external gear ring 113, with flexible leaf-removing parts provided on the inner side of the external gear ring 113. An adjustable straight blade mechanism 2 includes an electric lead screw assembly and a straight blade mechanism. The straight blade mechanism includes a straight blade 212, a DC brushless motor 209, a blade arm 203, and several electromagnetic chucks. The device also includes a lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4 and a collection basket 5 located below its output end.

[0044] like Figures 1-12 As shown, based on the above-mentioned semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device, the present invention also discloses a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0045] S10: Power on, the leaf removal component is raised to the highest position by the up-and-down moving component, the operator judges the height of the straight blade from the ground and adjusts it to a suitable height; the operator then uses the handrail on the frame to control the direction of travel and pushes the device into the harvesting area, aiming at the area where the lettuce is about to be harvested;

[0046] S20: The operator visually aligns the coarse defoliation ring with the lettuce to be harvested at the rear of the device, presses the normally open button to start the defoliation mechanism, and the up-and-down moving component moves the defoliation component down to the lowest position. At the same time, the DC brushless motor drives the gear set to rotate, which in turn drives the flexible defoliation parts to rotate at high speed. After the defoliation mechanism stops at the lowest position for a few seconds, it is lifted to the highest position by the up-and-down moving component. The DC brushless motor stops running, and the normally open switch for the defoliation device is released.

[0047] S30: The operator pushes the device forward using the handrail, and at the same time turns on the main switch of the lettuce clamping conveyor mechanism and the second DC brushless motor to run the left and right belts of the lettuce clamping conveyor mechanism and the second DC brushless motor of the one-piece cutter disc mechanism.

[0048] S40: The operator judges whether the straight blade is operating normally. If the straight blade is operating normally, the DC brushless motor 2 drives the straight blade to rotate at high speed; at the same time, the left and right belts reverse at the same speed to clamp the lettuce to be harvested and transport it backward.

[0049] S50: Determine whether the lettuce to be harvested has been harvested by the straight blade. If harvesting is completed, the harvested lettuce is transported to the rear collection basket by the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism.

[0050] S60: Determine whether the harvested lettuce has reached the rear collection basket. If so, the operator will turn off the main switch controlling the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism and the second DC brushless motor; the electromagnetic chuck will be powered on for a few seconds and then powered off to stop the I-shaped blade from rotating, and the harvesting operation will be completed.

[0051] The above-mentioned harvesting method based on the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device also includes the following steps: S12: When the operator judges that the blade is too low or not high enough, if the height is not high enough, press the blade lifting button to lift the blade. If the height is too high, press the blade lowering button to lower the blade until it is in the appropriate position.

[0052] The above-mentioned harvesting method based on the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device also includes the following steps: S14: The operator selectively adopts a labor-saving push; when the operator needs to push with labor-saving effort, the operator presses the normally open button on the drive wheel on the four-wheel chassis, and the drive wheel is powered on and rotates.

[0053] The above-mentioned harvesting method based on the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device also includes the following steps: S16: If the operator does not need to use the labor-saving pushing mode, the operator releases the normally open button of the drive power wheel on the four-wheel chassis, the power wheel is de-energized and stops rotating, and the cycle ends.

[0054] The above-mentioned harvesting method based on the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device also includes the following steps: S42: When the blade is not running properly, the operator opens the blade brake switch, the DC brushless motor is de-energized, the electromagnetic chuck is energized to hold the blade to achieve the purpose of braking, and all the drive stepper motors of the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism are de-energized.

[0055] The above-mentioned harvesting method based on the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device also includes the following steps: S44: The operator handles the abnormal situation to restore the operation of the blade to normal, the operator closes the blade brake switch, and then the electromagnetic chuck is de-energized, and the harvesting operation ends.

[0056] The above-mentioned harvesting method based on the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device also includes the following steps: S62: When the operator determines that the lettuce has not reached the rear collection basket, return to step S50 and determine whether the lettuce to be harvested has been harvested by the straight blade, until the harvested lettuce is transported to the rear collection basket by the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism.

[0057] like Figures 5-12 As shown, the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device of the present invention includes a frame 6, a leaf-removing mechanism 1 located at the front end of the frame 6, an adjustable straight blade mechanism 2 located in the lower middle part of the frame 6 (located on the left and right sides of the leaf-removing mechanism 1), a lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4 located in the lower middle part of the frame 6 (located behind the leaf-removing mechanism 1), a four-wheel chassis 3 located at the bottom end of the frame 6, and a collection basket 5 located behind the frame 6 (below the output end of the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4). The left handle 601 and the right handle 602 are part of the frame 6 and are located behind it to allow the operator to operate the present invention and control the direction of the entire device.

[0058] The frame 6, along with the leaf-removing mechanism 1, the adjustable single-blade mechanism 2, the four-wheel chassis 3, the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4, and the collection basket 5, serves to limit their working positions. The collection basket 5 is placed on the frame 6 and located below and behind the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4, and is used to receive the lettuce transported by the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4.

[0059] like Figures 8-12 As shown, the leaf removal mechanism 1 includes two parts: a leaf removal mechanism up-and-down moving assembly 11 and a leaf removal assembly 12. The up-and-down moving assembly 11 is mounted on the frame, while the leaf removal assembly 12 is mounted on the up-and-down moving assembly 11, which has a timing belt and a linear slide block, to realize the function of the leaf removal assembly 12 moving up and down.

[0060] The leaf removal mechanism uses a stepper motor to drive a synchronous belt mechanism to move the connecting parts, thereby enabling the leaf removal assembly to move up and down to achieve the leaf removal function. The leaf removal assembly consists of a ring-shaped leaf removal disc at the bottom, a DC brushless motor in the middle, a gear set, and a flexible leaf removal rubber band embedded in it.

[0061] Specifically, the up-and-down moving assembly 11 consists of a timing belt mechanism 103 and a linear slide rail slider mechanism 104. The timing belt mechanism 103 is mounted on the frame 6, and the linear slide rail slider mechanism 104 is also fixed on the frame 6, and the linear slide rail slider mechanism 104 extends in the vertical direction.

[0062] When the synchronous belt mechanism 103 drives the linear slide rail slider mechanism 104 fixed thereto to move upward (or downward); the leaf removal mechanism leaf removal component 12 is driven by the linear slide rail slider mechanism 104 to make the same movement; the linear slide rail slider mechanism 104 plays an auxiliary constraint role on the leaf removal mechanism leaf removal component 12.

[0063] The leaf removal assembly 12 mainly consists of a coarse leaf removal assembly composed of a fixed ring and a fine leaf removal assembly with flexible leaf removal parts, mainly composed of a set of gears. The fine leaf removal assembly achieves the fine leaf removal function through a set of gears and rubber bands 139. The coarse leaf removal ring 112 at the bottom of the leaf removal assembly 12 performs the coarse leaf removal function. The flexible leaf removal parts can be rubber bands 139, which are stretched into a triangular shape by three supporting sheet metal ribs on the inner side of the outer gear ring 113, or several flexible blades.

[0064] The precision de-leaf assembly is mainly composed of thrust ball bearings and deep groove ball bearings, and contains a set of meshing gears and a DC brushless motor. It is a high-speed rotating component that allows the flexible contact rubber band to be opened by the support sheet metal one, support sheet metal two, and support sheet metal three.

[0065] The outer gear ring 113 in the fine leaf removal assembly has three internal grooves 140, and corresponding support ribs 109 are installed on the three internal grooves 140 to expand the rubber bands 139 into an equilateral triangle shape. The pinion 114 in the fine leaf removal assembly is directly driven by a DC brushless motor 108 fixed on the thrust ball bearing cover plate 126, which in turn drives the meshing outer gear ring 113 to rotate at high speed. Then, through the cooperation of the fine leaf removal assembly and the up-and-down moving assembly 11, the rubber bands 139 or flexible blades move in a spiral motion to remove the leaves from the surface of the lettuce.

[0066] As the vertical moving component moves up and down, the brushless DC motor in the leaf removal component drives the pinion to rotate at high speed, which in turn causes the flexible contact rubber band to rotate at high speed.

[0067] The external gear ring 113 is axially constrained by an upper thrust ball bearing 115 and a lower thrust ball bearing 122. The upper thrust ball bearing 115 is constrained by a thrust ball bearing cover plate 126, and the lower thrust ball bearing 122 is constrained by a transition ring 110 and a lower abutment plate 123. The thrust ball bearing cover plate 126 is connected to the transition ring 110 and the lower abutment plate 123 by four bolts of the same size. The external gear ring 113 is radially constrained by four deep groove ball bearings 111 arranged in a ring array.

[0068] The leaf-removing mechanism leaf-removing assembly 12 also includes a coarse leaf-removing ring 112 located at its lowest point. The coarse leaf-removing ring 112 is connected to the lower abutment plate 123 via several connecting rods 121. The coarse leaf-removing ring 112 is located in a suitable space above the lettuce that is about to be harvested.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, the adjustable cutter head mechanism 2 mainly includes an electric lead screw assembly and a cutter head mechanism. The cutter head mechanism includes a cutter blade 212, a DC brushless motor 209, a cutter arm 203, and several electromagnetic chucks. The electric lead screw assembly adjusts the distance of the cutter blade 212 from the ground.

[0070] A second DC brushless motor 209 and a brake and baffle integrated plate 202 are fixed on the cutter arm 203. The output shaft of the second DC brushless motor 209 is used to firmly fix the straight blade 212 to the output shaft using a pressure plate 201; an electromagnetic chuck 210 is fixed on the brake and baffle integrated plate 202. The electromagnetic chuck 210 is fixed to the brake and baffle integrated plate 202 with bolts, and the other side of the brake and baffle integrated plate 202 is fixed to the cutter arm 203.

[0071] Specifically, the straight blade 212 in the adjustable straight blade mechanism 2 is fixed on the output shaft of the DC brushless motor 209 by the pressure plate 201, and the straight blade 212 is directly driven by the DC brushless motor 209.

[0072] like Figure 7 As shown, a drive wheel and three driven wheels are provided below the frame 6. The drive wheel 301, driven wheel 1 302, driven wheel 2 303 and driven wheel 304 together support the entire device.

[0073] The working principle of the harvesting method based on the semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device of the present invention is briefly described below.

[0074] The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device provided by this invention can be used in small and medium-sized lettuce fields with different terrains. The device is small in size and meets the requirements of efficient leaf removal and complete harvesting. This invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high efficiency, and good interchangeability.

[0075] In addition, this lettuce defoliation and harvesting device can autonomously adjust the height of the straight blade from the ground according to different small and medium-sized lettuce field terrains. It can also remove the leaves from the surface of the lettuce before harvesting, keep the blade as close to the ground as possible during harvesting, and transport the lettuce safely and stably after harvesting. This device fills the vast development space for miniaturized lettuce harvesting devices.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device, characterized in that, The semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device includes a frame (6), a four-wheel chassis (3), and components mounted on the frame (6): Leaf removal mechanism (1), the leaf removal mechanism (1) includes an up-and-down moving assembly (11) and a leaf removal assembly (12); the leaf removal assembly (12) includes a fine leaf removal assembly and a coarse leaf removal ring at the bottom; the fine leaf removal assembly includes a DC brushless motor (108), a pinion (114) and an external gear ring (113), and a flexible leaf removal part is provided on the inner side of the external gear ring (113); The adjustable straight cutter head mechanism (2) includes an electric lead screw assembly and a straight cutter head mechanism. The straight cutter head mechanism includes a straight blade (212), a DC brushless motor (209), a cutter arm (203), and several electromagnetic chucks. as well as Lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism (4) and collection basket (5) located below its output end; The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device includes the following steps: S10: Power on, the leaf removal component is raised to the highest position by the up-and-down moving component, the operator judges the height of the straight blade from the ground and adjusts it to a suitable height; the operator then uses the handrail on the frame to control the direction of travel and pushes the device into the harvesting area, aiming at the area where the lettuce is about to be harvested; S20: The operator visually aligns the coarse defoliation ring with the lettuce to be harvested at the rear of the device, presses the normally open button to start the defoliation mechanism, and the up-and-down moving component moves the defoliation component down to the lowest position. At the same time, the DC brushless motor drives the gear set to rotate, which in turn drives the flexible defoliation parts to rotate at high speed. After the defoliation mechanism stops at the lowest position for a few seconds, it is lifted to the highest position by the up-and-down moving component. The DC brushless motor stops running, and the normally open switch for the defoliation device is released. S30: The operator pushes the device forward using the handrail, and at the same time turns on the main switch of the lettuce clamping conveyor mechanism and the second DC brushless motor to run the left and right belts of the lettuce clamping conveyor mechanism and the second DC brushless motor of the one-piece cutter disc mechanism. S40: The operator judges whether the straight blade is operating normally. If the straight blade is operating normally, the DC brushless motor 2 drives the straight blade to rotate at high speed; at the same time, the left and right belts reverse at the same speed to clamp the lettuce to be harvested and transport it backward. S50: Determine whether the lettuce to be harvested has been harvested by the straight blade. If harvesting is completed, the harvested lettuce is transported to the rear collection basket by the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism. S60: Determine whether the harvested lettuce has reached the rear collection basket. If so, the operator will turn off the main switch controlling the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism and the second DC brushless motor; the electromagnetic chuck will be powered on for a few seconds and then powered off to stop the I-shaped blade from rotating, and the harvesting operation will be completed.

2. The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The procedure also includes the following steps: S12: When the operator determines that the blade is too low or too low from the ground, if the height is too low, press the blade lift button to lift the blade. If the height is too high, press the blade lower button to lower the blade until it reaches the appropriate position.

3. The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S14: The operator selectively uses a labor-saving push; when the operator needs a labor-saving push, the operator presses the normally open button on the drive wheel of the four-wheel chassis, and the drive wheel is powered and rotates.

4. The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S16: If the operator does not need to use the effort-saving push mode, the operator releases the normally open button of the drive wheel on the four-wheel chassis, the drive wheel is de-energized and stops rotating, and the cycle ends.

5. The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following steps are also included: S42: When the blade is not running properly, the operator opens the blade brake switch, the DC brushless motor is de-energized, the electromagnetic chuck is energized to hold the blade to achieve the purpose of braking, and all the drive stepper motors of the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism are de-energized.

6. The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The following steps are also included: S44: The operator handles the abnormal situation to restore the operation of the blade to normal, the operator turns off the blade brake switch, and then the electromagnetic chuck is de-energized, and the harvesting operation ends.

7. The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S62: When the operator determines that the lettuce has not reached the rear collection basket, return to step S50 and determine whether the lettuce to be harvested has been harvested by the straight blade until the harvested lettuce is transported to the rear collection basket by the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism.

8. The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external gear ring (113) is disposed between the upper cover plate (126) and the lower abutment plate (123) of the thrust ball bearing. At the same time, the external gear ring (113) is constrained axially by the upper thrust ball bearing (115) and the lower thrust ball bearing (122). In addition, a transition ring (110) is provided on the outer side of the lower thrust ball bearing (122). The external gear ring (113) is radially engaged with a plurality of deep groove ball bearings (111) mounted on the transition ring (110).

9. The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible de-leaf part is a rubber band (139) and three support plates (109) that expand it into a triangular shape. The three support plates (109) are fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer gear ring (113); or the flexible de-leaf part is a number of flexible blades, which are fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer gear ring (113).

10. The harvesting method based on a semi-automatic lettuce harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one-piece blade mechanism is equipped with a brake and baffle integrated disc (202), and the brake and baffle integrated disc (202) is equipped with several electromagnetic chucks. The electromagnetic chucks brake the one-piece blade (212) made of stainless steel or iron. At the same time, the brake and baffle integrated disc (202) has an arc-shaped baffle on its side.

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