Preparation method of multipurpose rapid germinated rice
Through long-initiation technology and antioxidant treatment, the problems of traditional germinated rice storage and nutritional loss are solved, and the overnight rapid germination and high nutritional value of brown rice are achieved, which is suitable for multi-purpose food production.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411450835.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional germinated rice is difficult to store, has serious nutritional losses, high time cost, and uncertain grain quality, making it difficult to achieve rapid overnight germination.
Using long initiation technology, seeds are rapidly germinated overnight by swelling at 25-30°C until the germ is exposed, and then dried to 10-15% water content, and treated by sodium silicate or sodium selenite. Improve antioxidant effects.
It achieves rapid overnight germination of brown rice, retains high nutritional value and grain quality, simplifies the preparation process, and is suitable for urgent order needs in homes and commercial kitchens.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the field of food science and technology, and particularly relates to multi-purpose germinated rice and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Sprouted rice is rich in bioactive ingredients, such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), vitamins B and E, phenols, oryzanol, etc., which are beneficial to human health. In particular, GABA is significantly correlated with germination and has the potential to prevent diabetes and Alzheimer's syndrome. Although germination can improve the nutritional content of rice, sprouted rice faces many limitations in practical applications, including: 1. Storage difficulty: Rice sprouts have a short shelf life, are prone to deterioration and breakage, and are difficult to store and transport; drying can easily cause nutritional loss.
[0003] 2. Time cost: The traditional germination process is time-consuming, usually more than 2 days. If you want to germinate the rice at home, you need to spend 2 days to keep an eye on the germinated rice, which is time-consuming and energy-intensive. If you can achieve overnight germination, you only need to hydroponically culture the rice in the rice cooker overnight (you can cook it into porridge the next morning by appointment). For commercial kitchens, it is not realistic to accept urgent orders within 2 days to make germinated rice dishes, but overnight germination allows you to get germinated rice the next morning.
[0004] 3. Uncertainty of seed quality: Since cultivation conditions (such as temperature, water and nutrient supply) are not completely controllable like in a laboratory, there is a certain gap from ideal conditions. Seeds that are originally insufficient in vitality may not germinate or even deteriorate after imbibition, producing toxic and harmful substances or causing the reproduction of harmful microorganisms.
[0005] In short, traditional soaking can produce germinated rice, but it takes a long time, and the operator needs to pay close attention to the germinated brown rice within 2 days, which is labor-intensive. Moreover, even if soaked in advance, there is still the problem of balancing storage resistance and nutrition, because rice sprouts are not as convenient to store as seeds, and if rice sprouts are dried and then packaged and transported, they are easy to break, affecting the quality and nutrition of the germinated rice. Rapid germination may achieve both. It can be stored as seeds before germination, and can be made into germinated brown rice in a short time when it is needed.
[0006] In agriculture, in order to increase seed vitality and shorten the germination cycle, researchers have explored the "priming" technology, which uses a series of antioxidant, cell membrane repair and DNA repair processes produced during seed swelling to swell the seeds to a state before they turn white and then dry them, thereby accelerating seed germination. However, existing studies have found that seeds that have been dried after "priming" technology are still difficult to germinate overnight (within 12 hours). Summary of the invention
[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-purpose germinated rice that is easy to store, has stable grain quality, is rich in nutrition, and can germinate quickly overnight, and a preparation method thereof. The multi-purpose germinated rice provided by the present invention is hydroponically cultivated in series, so that brown rice can germinate overnight, while the germinated rice can be stored as seeds or used as lightly germinated brown rice after shelling without hydroponics.
[0008] To achieve the above object, the inventor provides a method for preparing multi-purpose germinated rice, which comprises the following steps: Step 1: Wrap the seeds with a breathable layer and place them in an imbibition medium, allowing the imbibition medium to submerge the seeds. Control the seeds to imbibition at 25-30°C until the seeds reach embryo exposure. Step 2: Then collect seeds every 6 hours, observe and estimate the whitening rate until the whitening rate exceeds 80%; Step 3: Drying the seeds after swelling and whitening at 30-38° C. to a moisture content of 10-15% to obtain the multi-purpose germinated rice.
[0009] Through the above preparation method, the seeds are first swelled until they are white, and then dried to the original state, that is, the prolonged priming (PLP) technology is applied. The prepared germinated rice not only contains a large amount of γ-aminobutyric acid and is rich in nutrition, but also retains the storage resistance of the seeds, which is convenient for maintaining its nutritional value. When it is needed, the husks are removed to make brown rice. Therefore, users can choose to use the germinated rice prepared by the present invention in the form of germinated brown rice or white brown rice as needed. According to user needs, the germinated rice of the present invention can be used to make porridge, sushi or as an ingredient of other foods such as gluten-free brown rice beer, providing rich nutrition.
[0010] In addition, the multi-purpose germinated rice prepared by the present invention can quickly germinate within 12 hours by soaking, which can not only realize the overnight germination of brown rice and accelerate the accumulation of nutrients, but also meet the needs of commercial kitchens for making urgent dishes.
[0011] The long-primed multipurpose germinated rice prepared by the present invention can be used in the form of germinated brown rice or whitened brown rice, can be used to make porridge, sushi or as an ingredient of other foods such as gluten-free brown rice beer, and provides rich nutrition.
[0012] Furthermore, in step 1, the swelling medium is pure water or agarose gel solution with a mass concentration of 0.4%, and the solvent of the agarose gel solution is water. By swelling in 0.4% agarose gel solution, the osmotic pressure can be better controlled to avoid cell lysis.
[0013] Furthermore, the variety of the seed is one of the following: IRAT109, Zhaxima ZXM or Hanyou 73. IRAT109 and Hanyou 73 are both drought-resistant rice varieties, and the desiccation damage during dehydration is relatively small compared to non-drought-resistant varieties. Zhaxima ZXM is an upland rice and a red rice, and it is possible to form a higher phenolic content in the rice bran through induction.
[0014] Furthermore, in step 2, when the seed whitening rate exceeds 80%, the seed vitality is judged and seeds with qualified seed vitality are selected, thereby improving the grain quality of the germinated rice.
[0015] Furthermore, when pure water is used as the medium for imbibition in step 1 instead of agarose, according to step 2, after soaking the seeds for 16 hours, the seeds are soaked in a 0.5-2 mM sodium silicate solution for 6-8 hours; finally, the seeds are washed with water and then soaked in pure water (sodium silicate soaking for too long will cause stress). Since rice is a silicon-rich crop, adding sodium silicate is beneficial to strengthening its cell wall, and silicic acid has an antioxidant effect. Soaking the seeds in a sodium silicate solution can improve the antioxidant effect of the seeds.
[0016] Furthermore, when pure water is used as the swelling medium in step 1 and the seed whitening rate reaches 75% in step 2, the seeds are soaked in a sodium selenite aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 15-20 mg / L for 8 hours until the seed whitening rate reaches more than 80%, and finally the seeds are washed with water. By finally soaking the seeds in a sodium selenite aqueous solution, rice sprouts rich in organic selenium can be obtained.
[0017] The present invention also discloses a multi-purpose germinated rice, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method. The germinated rice grains prepared by the present invention have stable quality. If directly connected with hydroponics, the brown rice can be germinated overnight and quickly applied. If not connected with hydroponics, the germinated rice after initiation can continue to be stored as seeds or used as lightly germinated brown rice after shelling.
[0018] The invention also discloses brown rice, which is prepared by removing husks from the multi-purpose germinated rice husk. The brown rice has been long-primed, and some seeds have very slight germination. The nutritional value of the white brown rice is significantly better than that of conventional brown rice.
[0019] The present invention also discloses another brown rice, which is prepared by removing the husk from the multi-purpose germinated rice husk and soaking in water at 30-40° C. for 8-15 hours (for example, pre-germination and heat preservation in an electric rice cooker). Through further germination, the content of gamma-aminobutyric acid in the brown rice is greatly increased, and the nutrition is rich.
[0020] Different from the prior art, the above technical solution has the following advantages: The present invention utilizes the characteristic that seeds still retain a certain degree of dehydration resistance in the early stage of germination, and innovatively proposes a new processing technology "prolonged priming" (PLP), that is, by making the seeds swell to the whitening stage and then drying them. The germinated rice prepared by the present invention can be stored like conventional seeds before removing the husk, and can be directly used as whitening brown rice after removing the husk, or can be made into germinated brown rice through hydroponics. Even if it is used as whitening brown rice, because it has been long-primed, some seeds have very slight germination, and the nutritional value of whitening brown rice is significantly better than that of conventional brown rice; and the nutritional value is further improved by making germinated brown rice through hydroponics. Therefore, the present invention uses PLP technology to maintain the nutritional advantages of germinated rice and the easy storage of seeds, and overcomes the defects of germinated rice prepared by traditional methods that are not easy to store and difficult to germinate quickly.
[0021] Furthermore, the long nutritional priming (PLP) technology of the present invention is used to prepare germinated rice, which can significantly increase the germination rate and synthesis of nutrient components of rice in a short period of time compared with conventional priming, and maintain significantly higher grain integrity after ridge laying.
[0022] Compared with the conventional method for preparing brown rice, the method for preparing germinated rice of the present invention is simpler and more convenient to operate, and can be directly implemented in a container inside a home or kitchen. The prepared germinated rice can be directly made into fresh germinated brown rice, or the rice seeds can be stored without hydroponics, which has good compatibility.
[0023] In summary, the present invention utilizes PLP technology, which has significant advantages over the prior art in terms of seed germination rate, GABA content, protein content, grain integrity, etc. PLP can promote the high nutritional value of rice while retaining the storage properties of seeds, has broad application prospects, and may be applicable to other crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to explain the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the technical solution in detail, the following is a detailed description in conjunction with specific embodiments. Example 1
[0025] A method for preparing multi-purpose fast-germinating rice comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the seeds (type: Hanyou 73, HY73) between two layers of filter paper, put the seeds and filter paper into pure water and let the pure water submerge the seeds, control the seeds to swell at 25-30℃ until the seeds reach embryo exposure; Step 2: Then collect seeds every 5 hours, observe and estimate the whitening rate until the whitening rate exceeds 80%; judge the seed vitality and select seeds with qualified seed vitality; Step 3: Drying the seeds after swelling and whitening at 35° C. to a moisture content of 12% to obtain the multi-purpose germinated rice. Example 2
[0026] A method for preparing multi-purpose fast-germinating rice comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the seeds (type is Zhaxima ZXM) between two layers of filter paper, put the seeds and filter paper into pure water and let the pure water immerse the seeds, control the seeds to swell at 25-30℃ until the seeds reach embryo exposure; Step 2: Then collect seeds every 7 hours, observe and estimate the whitening rate until the whitening rate exceeds 80%; determine the vitality of the seeds and select seeds with qualified vitality; Step 3: Drying the seeds after swelling and whitening at 35° C. to a moisture content of 12% to obtain the multi-purpose germinated rice. Example 3
[0027] A method for preparing multi-purpose fast-germinating rice comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the seeds (type IRAT109) between two layers of filter paper, put the seeds and filter paper into pure water and let the pure water submerge the seeds, control the seeds to swell at 25-30℃ until the seeds reach embryo exposure; Step 2: Then collect seeds every 6 hours, observe and estimate the whitening rate until the whitening rate exceeds 80%; determine the seed vitality and select seeds with qualified seed vitality; Step 3: Drying the seeds after swelling and whitening at 30° C. to a moisture content of 15% to obtain the multi-purpose germinated rice.
[0028] Example 4 A method for preparing multi-purpose fast-germinating rice comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the seeds (type: Hanyou 73) in a mesh bag and bury them in vermiculite. Place the seeds in pure water and allow the pure water to submerge the seeds. Control the seeds to swell at 25-30°C until the seeds reach embryo exposure. Step 2: Then collect the seeds every 6 hours, observe and estimate the whitening rate, until the whitening rate exceeds 75%; then soak the seeds in a sodium selenite aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 17 mg / L for 8 hours, until the whitening rate reaches more than 80%, and then wash the seeds with pure water; judge the seed vitality and select the seeds with qualified seed vitality; Step 3: Drying the seeds after swelling and whitening at 38° C. to a moisture content of 10% to obtain the multi-purpose germinated rice. Example 5
[0029] A method for preparing multi-purpose fast-germinating rice comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the seeds (type: Hanyou 73) between two layers of filter paper, put the seeds and filter paper into 0.4% agarose gel solution and let the agarose gel solution immerse the seeds, control the seeds to swell at 25-30℃ until the seeds reach embryo exposure; Step 2: Then collect seeds every 5 hours, observe and estimate the whitening rate until the whitening rate exceeds 80%; judge the seed vitality and select seeds with qualified seed vitality; Step 3: Drying the seeds after swelling and whitening at 35° C. to a moisture content of 12% to obtain the multi-purpose germinated rice.
[0030] Example 6 A method for preparing multi-purpose fast-germinating rice comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the seeds (type: Hanyou 73) in a mesh bag, then put the seeds into pure water and let the pure water submerge the seeds, control the seeds to swell at 25-30℃ until the seeds reach embryo exposure; Step 2: After soaking the seeds for 16 hours, soak them in 1 mM sodium silicate solution for another 7 hours; finally, wash the seeds with water and soak them in pure water; Then, collect the seeds every 6 hours, observe and estimate the whitening rate, until the whitening rate exceeds 75%; soak the seeds in a sodium selenite aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 20 mg / L for 8 hours, until the whitening rate reaches more than 80%, and then wash the seeds with pure water; judge the seed vitality and select the seeds with qualified seed vitality; Step 3: Drying the seeds after swelling and whitening at 38° C. to a moisture content of 10% to obtain the multi-purpose germinated rice.
[0031] In another embodiment, brown rice can be prepared by removing husks from the multi-purpose germinated rice husk prepared in some embodiments 1-6.
[0032] In another embodiment, the multi-purpose germinated rice prepared in some embodiments 1-6 is husked and soaked in water at 30° C. for 12 hours to prepare germinated brown rice.
[0033] Test Example 1: PLP promotes germination
[0034] The multi-purpose germinated rice (seed type: Hanyou 73) prepared in Example 1 and the multi-purpose germinated rice (seed type: Zhaxima ZXM) prepared in Example 2 were added to different containers for hydroponics at room temperature. After 10 hours, the germination rates were both over 60%.
[0035] Meanwhile, conventional seeds (seed type: Hanyou 73) without PLP treatment were hydroponically cultured at room temperature for 10 h as the control group.
[0036] Specific germination rate test data are shown in Table 1. According to Table 1, after 10 hours of hydroponics, the germination rates of the germinated rice in Example 1 and Example 2 both reached more than 60%, while the germination rate of the conventional seeds in the control group that were not treated with PLP was about 20%. It can be seen that the germination rate of the germinated rice treated with PLP in hydroponics is much higher than that of the conventional seeds that were not treated with PLP. At the same time, the germination rate of the germinated rice treated with PLP reached more than 60% after 10 hours.
[0037] Table 1 Germination rate test data of Example 1 and Example 2 Germination time Germination rate of control group (HY73) Example 1 Germination rate (HY73) Example 2 Germination rate (ZXM) 3 0 7% 19% 5 0 22% 33% 7 0 43% 46% 10 22% 62% 66% Detection Example 2: PLP significantly increases the content of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
[0038] The multi-purpose germinated rice (seed type: Hanyou 73) prepared in Example 1 and the multi-purpose germinated rice (seed type: IRAT109) prepared in Example 3 were respectively added to different containers for hydroponics at room temperature. After 10 hours, the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content in the rice grains was detected (by liquid chromatography).
[0039] Meanwhile, conventional seeds (seed type: Hanyou 73) without PLP treatment were hydroponically cultured at room temperature for 10 h as the control group.
[0040] The test results are shown in Table 2. As shown in Table 2, after 10 hours of hydroponics, the GABA content of the germinated rice in Example 1 reached 23%, the GABA content of the germinated rice in Example 3 reached 43%, and the GABA content of the conventional seeds in the control group that were not treated with PLP was 6%, which was significantly lower than that of the germinated rice treated with PLP.
[0041] Table 2 γ-aminobutyric acid detection data of Example 1 and Example 3 Germination time GABA content in the control group (HY73) Example 1 GABA content (HY73) Example 3 GABA content (IRAT109) 0 0.60% 12% 6% 5 0 8% 12% 10 6% 23% 43% Test Example 3: Treatment to maintain kernel integrity
[0042] 250 g of the germinated rice prepared in Example 1 was taken and the husks were removed. It was found that the rough rice rate of the germinated rice in Example 1 was 78%, and the whole rice rate was 74%.
[0043] 250 g of the germinated rice prepared in Example 2 was taken and the husks were removed. It was found that the rough rice rate of the germinated rice in Example 2 was 79%, and the whole rice rate was 76%.
[0044] At the same time, taking the seeds of the Hanyou 73 model that had not been treated with PLP as an example, 250 g of seeds were taken and the husks were removed, the rough rice rate was 74% and the whole rice rate was 67%.
[0045] From the above test data, it can be seen that seeds treated with PLP can better maintain the integrity of the grains (high roughness rate, high whole rice rate) and reduce the breakage rate of rice during the shelling process compared to seeds not treated with PLP.
[0046] Detection Example 4: PLP treatment of oxidative stress indicators
[0047] Before hydroponics, the hardness of the multipurpose germinated rice prepared in Example 1 and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the rice grains were tested. The multipurpose germinated rice prepared in Example 1 (seed type: Hanyou 73) was hydroponically cultured at room temperature, and after 10 hours, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and hardness in the rice grains were tested again.
[0048] According to the test data, the hardness of the multi-purpose germinated rice prepared in Example 1 before hydroponics is 115 (Kgf / mm 2 The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in rice grains was 10 (mmol g -1 DW); After 10 hours of hydroponics, the hardness of the multi-purpose germinated rice was 46 (Kgf / mm 2 The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in rice grains was 12.1 (mmol g -1 DW). Therefore, it can be seen that after hydroponics, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the rice grains of multi-purpose germinated rice did not increase significantly, indicating a low level of oxidative stress, and the hardness of the rice grains was significantly reduced.
[0049] It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described in this article, the patent protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the present invention, changes and modifications made to the embodiments described herein, or equivalent structures or equivalent process changes made using the contents of the present invention specification, directly or indirectly applying the above technical solutions to other related technical fields are all included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing multi-purpose fast-germinating rice, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Wrap the seeds with a breathable layer and place them in an imbibition medium, allowing the imbibition medium to submerge the seeds. Control the seeds to imbibition at 25-30°C until the seeds reach embryo exposure. Step 2: Then collect seeds every 5-7 hours, observe and estimate the whitening rate until the whitening rate exceeds 80%; Step 3: Drying the seeds after swelling and whitening at 30-38° C. to a moisture content of 10-15% to obtain the multi-purpose germinated rice.
2. The method for preparing the multi-purpose germinated rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the swelling medium is pure water or agarose gel solution with a mass concentration of 0.4%, and the solvent of the agarose gel solution is water.
3. The method for preparing the multi-purpose germinated rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variety of the seeds in step 1 is one of the following: IRAT109, Zhaxima ZXM or Hanyou 73.
4. The method for preparing the multi-purpose germinated rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, when the seed whitening rate exceeds 80%, the seed vitality is judged and seeds with qualified seed vitality are selected.
5. The method for preparing multi-purpose germinated rice according to claim 2, characterized in that: When pure water is used as the swelling medium in step 1, in step 2, after soaking the seeds for 16 hours, the seeds are soaked in a 0.5-2 mM sodium silicate solution for 6-8 hours; finally, the seeds are washed with water and then soaked in pure water.
6. The method for preparing multi-purpose germinated rice according to claim 2, characterized in that: When pure water is used as the swelling medium in step 1 and the seed whitening rate reaches 75% in step 2, the seeds are soaked in a sodium selenite aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 15-20 mg / L for 8 hours until the seed whitening rate reaches more than 80%, and finally the seeds are washed with pure water.
7. A multi-purpose germinated rice, characterized in that: The compound is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
8. A brown rice, characterized in that: The multi-purpose germinated rice huller is prepared by removing the hulls of claim 8.
9. A brown rice, characterized in that: The invention is prepared by removing the husks of the multi-purpose germination rice husk and soaking it in water at 30-40°C for 8-15 hours for germination.