Hatch cover with locking structure

Abstract

The application discloses a hatch cover with a locking structure, and belongs to the technical field of ship tools, which comprises a circular bottom plate, a cylinder is fixedly installed on the circular bottom plate, four fan-shaped cover plates are arranged, the opening mode of the traditional hatch cover can be changed, the space required for opening the hatch cover can be saved, the transmission assembly and the position adjusting assembly are matched with each other, the position of the fan-shaped cover plates can be quickly adjusted, the fan-shaped cover plates can quickly cover the hatch, the limiting assembly is arranged, the rotation direction of the position adjusting screw rod can be limited, the position of the fan-shaped cover plates can be locked, the overall structural strength of the hatch cover can be enhanced, and therefore the stability and safety of the hatch cover are ensured, and the limiting rod is arranged, the position of the fan-shaped cover plates can be limited, and therefore the relative movement between the fan-shaped cover plates can be prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ship tools, in particular to a hatch cover with a locking structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] One of the main functions of the hatch cover is to ensure the watertightness of the ship's hull, preventing water from entering the cargo hold, thereby protecting the cargo from water damage. The locking structure can enhance the fit of the hatch cover with the hatch coaming, ensuring that the hatch cover remains tightly closed under various sea conditions, effectively preventing seawater from seeping in. This is crucial for the safe navigation of the ship, especially in adverse weather conditions such as heavy winds and waves. The locking structure can prevent the hatch cover from shifting or deforming, further ensuring the safety of the ship and cargo. The existing hatch cover has poor stability, which can lead to accidental opening due to misoperation or external factors, thereby compromising the safety of equipment and personnel. Therefore, the present application provides a hatch cover with a locking structure. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a hatch cover with a locking structure to overcome the problem of poor stability of existing hatch covers, which can lead to accidental opening due to misoperation or external factors, thereby compromising the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a hatch cover with a locking structure, comprising a circular bottom plate, a cylindrical cylinder fixedly installed on the circular bottom plate, and an annular slide plate movably arranged on the circular bottom plate. Four fan-shaped cover plates are slidably installed in a circumferential array on the annular slide plate, and the fan-shaped cover plates are used to cover the cylindrical cylinder. A transmission assembly is provided on the annular slide plate for adjusting the position of the four fan-shaped cover plates. A positioning assembly is symmetrically arranged between the annular slide plate and the circular bottom plate. The positioning assembly comprises a positioning screw rod rotatably installed on the circular bottom plate. An installation circular plate is fixedly arranged symmetrically on the annular slide plate. A transmission shaft is rotatably installed on the installation circular plate. The transmission shaft and the positioning screw rod form a screw pair. A limiting assembly is arranged between the positioning screw rod and the circular bottom plate. The limiting assembly comprises a limiting outer ratchet wheel and a limiting inner ratchet wheel for limiting the rotation direction of the positioning screw rod.

[0005] Further, an auxiliary slide plate is fixedly arranged symmetrically on the annular slide plate. The auxiliary slide plate is in sliding cooperation with the circular bottom plate. The installation circular plate and the auxiliary slide plate are arranged in an interval. Two installation circular plates and two auxiliary slide plates are arranged in a circumferential array relative to the axis of the cylindrical cylinder.

[0006] Further, the four sector cover plates are located at the closest positions to form a complete circular plate, the sector cover plates are provided with sector grooves for engaging the sector cover plates and the cylinder, the transmission assembly comprises a ring-shaped rotating plate rotatably installed on the annular slide plate, four arc-shaped groove plates are fixedly arranged in a circumferential array on the ring-shaped rotating plate, the sector cover plates are fixedly provided with transmission stubs, and the arc-shaped groove plates are movably connected with the corresponding transmission stubs.

[0007] Further, the sector cover plates are movably provided with auxiliary sector plates at the ends closest to the cylinder axis, the four auxiliary sector plates are located at the closest positions to also form a complete circular plate, eight limiting rods are fixedly arranged in a circumferential array on the circular bottom plate, the sector cover plates are provided with two limiting holes matched with the limiting rods, and the limiting rods and the limiting holes are used for limiting the positions of the sector cover plates.

[0008] Further, the transmission shaft is rotatably installed with a driven gear, a torsion spring is arranged between the driven gear and the corresponding transmission shaft, a driven gear ring is fixedly installed on the ring-shaped rotating plate, the driven gears are meshed with the driven gear ring to form a gear pair, a transmission gear is fixedly installed on each position adjusting screw, a transmission gear ring is rotatably installed on the circular bottom plate, and the transmission gears are meshed with the transmission gear ring to form a gear pair.

[0009] Further, there is a friction force between the transmission shaft and the corresponding position adjusting screw, and the elastic force of the torsion spring between the driven gear and the corresponding transmission shaft is always greater than the friction force between the transmission shaft and the corresponding position adjusting screw.

[0010] Further, the limiting outer ratchet wheel is fixedly installed on the corresponding position adjusting screw, the limiting inner ratchet wheel is fixedly provided with limiting slide plates symmetrically, the limiting slide plates are slidably matched with the circular bottom plate, limiting springs are arranged between the limiting slide plates and the circular bottom plate, and the limiting outer ratchet wheel and the limiting inner ratchet wheel form a ratchet mechanism when engaged.

[0011] Further, the position adjusting screw is further fixedly installed with an auxiliary circular plate, the limiting assembly further comprises an auxiliary ratchet wheel rotatably installed on the circular bottom plate, the auxiliary circular plate is uniformly provided with auxiliary ratchet teeth on one-half of the circumferential array, and the auxiliary ratchet teeth on the auxiliary circular plate and the corresponding auxiliary ratchet wheel form a ratchet mechanism when engaged, the limiting inner ratchet wheel is fixedly provided with a pressing short rod, and the auxiliary ratchet wheel is fixedly provided with a pressing strip plate for pushing the pressing short rod to move.

[0012] Further, the circular bottom plate is fixedly provided with a circular cover plate one and a circular cover plate two, the circular cover plate one and the circular cover plate two are used for protecting the parts on both sides of the circular bottom plate, the circular cover plate one and the circular cover plate two are provided with through holes equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder, and the through hole on the circular cover plate one, the through hole on the circular cover plate two and the axis of the cylinder are on the same straight line.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are: (1) the present application can change the opening mode of the traditional hatch cover by setting four fan-shaped cover plates, thereby saving the space required for opening the hatch cover; (2) the present application can realize the quick adjustment of the position of the fan-shaped cover plate through the cooperation of the transmission assembly and the position adjusting assembly, thereby realizing the quick covering of the hatch cover by the fan-shaped cover plate; (3) the present application can realize the locking of the position of the fan-shaped cover plate by limiting the rotation direction of the position adjusting screw rod, and can also enhance the overall structural strength of the hatch cover, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the hatch cover; (4) the present application can realize the limitation of the position of the fan-shaped cover plate by setting the limiting rod, thereby preventing the relative movement between the fan-shaped cover plates; (5) the present application can manually realize the locking of the position of the fan-shaped cover plate by setting the auxiliary fan-shaped plate, thereby further improving the stability of the hatch cover. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the structure at the cylinder of the present application.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at the position adjusting motor of the present application.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission assembly of the present application.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission assembly of the present application. Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of position A in the present application.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission assembly of the present application. Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of position B in the present application.

[0020] Figure 7 It is a top view of the structure at the annular slide plate of the present application.

[0021] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at the auxiliary fan-shaped plate of the present application.

[0022] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting assembly of the present application.

[0023] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting assembly of the present application. Figure 9 It is a partial enlarged view of position C in the present application.

[0024] Figure 11 It is a top view of the limiting assembly of the present application.

[0025] Reference signs: 101 - round bottom plate; 102 - cylinder; 103 - round cover plate one; 104 - round cover plate two; 105 - annular slide plate; 106 - fan-shaped cover plate; 107 - transmission gear ring; 108 - limiting rod; 109 - limiting hole; 110 - auxiliary fan-shaped plate; 111 - transmission gear; 112 - driven gear; 113 - driven gear ring; 114 - transmission shaft; 115 - adjusting screw rod; 116 - annular rotating plate; 117 - arc-shaped groove plate; 118 - transmission short column; 119 - fan-shaped handle; 120 - fan-shaped groove; 121 - auxiliary round plate; 122 - limiting outer ratchet wheel; 123 - limiting inner ratchet wheel; 124 - auxiliary ratchet wheel; 125 - pressing strip plate; 126 - pressing short rod; 127 - auxiliary ratchet; 128 - limiting spring; 129 - limiting slide plate; 130 - mounting round plate; 131 - auxiliary slide plate; 132 - adjusting motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] Embodiment: Reference Figures 1-11 A hatch cover with locking structure, comprising a round bottom plate 101, a cylinder 102 is fixedly installed on the round bottom plate 101, an annular slide plate 105 is movably arranged on the round bottom plate 101, four fan-shaped cover plates 106 are slidably installed on the annular slide plate 105 in a circumferential array, the fan-shaped cover plates 106 are used to realize the covering of the cylinder 102, the four fan-shaped cover plates 106 are located at the nearest positions to form a complete round plate, a fan-shaped groove 120 is arranged on each of the fan-shaped cover plates 106, the fan-shaped groove 120 is used to make the fan-shaped cover plate 106 and the cylinder 102 engage, and the fan-shaped grooves 120 on the four fan-shaped cover plates 106 form an annular groove when the four fan-shaped cover plates 106 engage with each other.

[0028] A transmission assembly is arranged on the annular slide plate 105, the transmission assembly is used to adjust the positions of the four fan-shaped cover plates 106, the transmission assembly comprises an annular rotating plate 116 rotatably installed on the annular slide plate 105, four arc-shaped groove plates 117 are fixedly arranged on the annular rotating plate 116 in a circumferential array, a transmission short column 118 is fixedly arranged on each of the fan-shaped cover plates 106, the arc-shaped groove plate 117 and the corresponding transmission short column 118 are movably connected, the annular rotating plate 116 is driven to rotate, the four arc-shaped groove plates 117 synchronously rotate, under the action of the arc-shaped groove plate 117, the transmission short column 118 moves towards the direction close to the axis of the annular rotating plate 116, that is, the fan-shaped cover plate 106 moves towards the direction close to the axis of the annular rotating plate 116, and finally the four fan-shaped cover plates 106 move to the positions closest to the axis of the annular rotating plate 116, at this time, the four fan-shaped cover plates 106 form a complete round plate.

[0029] The auxiliary sector plates 110 are movably arranged on the end of the sector cover plates 106 closest to the axis of the cylinder 102, and when the four auxiliary sector plates 110 are located at the closest positions, a complete circular plate is formed, the sector handles 119 are fixedly arranged on the auxiliary sector plates 110, when the four auxiliary sector plates 110 are combined to form a circular plate, the four sector handles 119 are combined to form a circular handle, and when the four sector cover plates 106 are combined to form a circular plate, the circular handle formed by rotating the four sector handles 119 enables the auxiliary sector plates 110 to be combined with two sector cover plates 106 at the same time, and the position of the sector cover plates 106 is locked under the action of the auxiliary sector plates 110.

[0030] The adjusting assemblies are symmetrically arranged between the annular sliding plate 105 and the circular bottom plate 101, and each adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting screw rod 115 rotatably arranged on the circular bottom plate 101, the annular sliding plate 105 is symmetrically fixedly provided with mounting circular plates 130, and the annular sliding plate 105 is also symmetrically fixedly provided with auxiliary sliding plates 131, the auxiliary sliding plates 131 are in sliding fit with the circular bottom plate 101, the mounting circular plates 130 and the auxiliary sliding plates 131 are arranged at intervals, and the two mounting circular plates 130 and the two auxiliary sliding plates 131 are arranged in a circumferential array relative to the axis of the cylinder 102.

[0031] The mounting circular plates 130 are rotatably arranged with transmission shafts 114, the transmission shafts 114 and the adjusting screw rods 115 form a screw pair, friction exists between the transmission shaft 114 and the corresponding adjusting screw rod 115, the transmission shaft 114 is rotatably arranged with a driven gear 112, a torsion spring is arranged between the driven gear 112 and the corresponding transmission shaft 114, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected with the driven gear 112, the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected with the corresponding transmission shaft 114, the elastic force of the torsion spring between the driven gear 112 and the corresponding transmission shaft 114 is always greater than the friction between the transmission shaft 114 and the corresponding adjusting screw rod 115, the driven gear ring 113 is fixedly arranged on the annular rotating plate 116, the driven gears 112 are all in meshing fit with the driven gear ring 113 to form a gear pair, the transmission gears 111 are all fixedly arranged on the adjusting screw rods 115, and the transmission gear ring 107 is rotatably arranged on the circular bottom plate 101, the transmission gears 111 are all in gear engagement with the transmission gear ring 107.

[0032] Eight limiting rods 108 are fixedly arranged in a circumferential array on the circular bottom plate 101, and two limiting holes 109 for cooperating with the limiting rods 108 are arranged on each sector cover plate 106, and the limiting rods 108 and the limiting holes 109 are used for limiting the position of the sector cover plates 106.

[0033] When the initial position, the four sector cover plate 106 is located at the farthest position, the ring-shaped slide plate 105 is located at the farthest position from the circular bottom plate 101, the limit rod 108 is engaged with the corresponding limit hole 109 at this time, and the torsion spring between the driven gear 112 and the transmission shaft 114 is not compressed.

[0034] Drive one of the two positioning screw rods 115 to rotate, under the action of the transmission gear 111, the transmission gear ring 107 rotates, that is, the two transmission gears 111 rotate synchronously. Because of the friction between the transmission shaft 114 and the positioning screw rod 115 and the torsion spring between the driven gear 112 and the transmission shaft 114, the transmission gear 111, the driven gear 112, the transmission shaft 114, and the positioning screw rod 115 rotate synchronously at this time, that is, the driven gear ring 113 rotates, and the ring-shaped rotating plate 116 rotates, under the action of the ring-shaped rotating plate 116, the four sector cover plates 106 move to the position closest to the axis of the ring-shaped rotating plate 116 and are engaged to form a complete circular plate. At this time, the limit hole 109 on the sector cover plate 106 moves directly above the corresponding limit rod 108, and the limit hole 109 moves directly above the end face of the cylinder 102.

[0035] When the sector cover plate 106 moves to the position closest to the axis of the ring-shaped rotating plate 116, the ring-shaped rotating plate 116 cannot continue to rotate, that is, the driven gear ring 113 cannot continue to rotate, and the driven gear 112 cannot continue to rotate. Because the elastic force of the torsion spring between the driven gear 112 and the corresponding transmission shaft 114 is always greater than the friction between the transmission shaft 114 and the corresponding positioning screw rod 115, the positioning screw rod 115 overcomes the friction between the transmission shaft 114 and the positioning screw rod 115 and rotates relative to the transmission shaft 114 at this time, and the transmission shaft 114 moves in the direction close to the circular bottom plate 101. Under the action of the installed circular plate 130, the ring-shaped slide plate 105 moves in the direction close to the circular bottom plate 101, the auxiliary slide plate 131 slides relative to the circular bottom plate 101, that is, the sector cover plate 106 moves in the direction close to the cylinder 102, the limit hole 109 on the sector cover plate 106 engages with the corresponding limit rod 108, the sector-shaped groove 120 on the sector cover plate 106 engages with the end face of the cylinder 102, and finally the ring-shaped slide plate 105 moves to the position closest to the circular bottom plate 101. At this time, the annular groove formed by the four sector-shaped grooves 120 is completely engaged with the end face of the cylinder 102, that is, there is no gap between the sector cover plate 106 and the cylinder 102 at this time, that is, the sealing between the sector cover plate 106 and the cylinder 102 is achieved. At this time, the positioning screw rod 115 continues to rotate, and because the ring-shaped slide plate 105 cannot continue to move, that is, the positioning screw rod 115 cannot rotate relative to the transmission shaft 114, the transmission shaft 114 and the positioning screw rod 115 rotate synchronously at this time, and the torsion spring between the transmission shaft 114 and the driven gear 112 is compressed.

[0036] When the reverse driving adjustment screw 115 rotates, the torsion spring between the driven gear 112 and the transmission shaft 114 is fully restored, at which time the limiting rod 108 and the limiting hole 109 are in engagement, that is, at this time the sector cover plate 106 cannot move away from the axis of the annular rotating plate 116 under the action of the limiting rod 108 and the limiting hole 109, at which time the driven gear 112 cannot rotate, and then the coarse adjustment screw 115 overcomes the friction between the adjustment screw 115 and the transmission shaft 114 to rotate relative to the transmission shaft 114, that is, the annular sliding plate 105 moves away from the circular bottom plate 101, and finally the limiting rod 108 is disengaged from the limiting hole 109, at which time the sector-shaped groove 120 is disengaged from the cylinder 102, and the adjustment screw 115 continues to rotate, and the transmission gear 111, the driven gear 112, the transmission shaft 114, and the adjustment screw 115 rotate synchronously, that is, the four sector cover plates 106 move away from the axis of the annular rotating plate 116.

[0037] The adjustment screw 115 is provided with a limiting assembly between the circular bottom plate 101, and the limiting assembly comprises a limiting outer ratchet wheel 122 and a limiting inner ratchet wheel 123. The limiting outer ratchet wheel 122 and the limiting inner ratchet wheel 123 are used to limit the rotation direction of the adjustment screw 115. The limiting outer ratchet wheel 122 is fixedly installed on the corresponding adjustment screw 115. The limiting inner ratchet wheel 123 is symmetrically provided with a limiting sliding plate 129. The limiting sliding plate 129 is in sliding fit with the circular bottom plate 101. A limiting spring 128 is arranged between the limiting sliding plate 129 and the circular bottom plate 101. The limiting outer ratchet wheel 122 and the limiting inner ratchet wheel 123 constitute a ratchet mechanism when they are engaged.

[0038] The adjustment screw 115 is further fixedly installed with an auxiliary circular plate 121. The limiting assembly further comprises an auxiliary ratchet wheel 124 rotatably installed on the circular bottom plate 101. A torsion spring is arranged between the auxiliary ratchet wheel 124 and the circular bottom plate 101. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected with the circular bottom plate 101, and the other end is fixedly connected with the auxiliary ratchet wheel 124. The auxiliary circular plate 121 is uniformly provided with auxiliary ratchet teeth 127 on one-half of the circumference. The auxiliary ratchet teeth 127 on the auxiliary circular plate 121 and the corresponding auxiliary ratchet wheel 124 constitute a ratchet mechanism when they are engaged. A pressing short rod 126 is fixedly arranged on the limiting inner ratchet wheel 123. A pressing strip plate 125 is fixedly arranged on the auxiliary ratchet wheel 124. The pressing strip plate 125 is used to push the pressing short rod 126 to move.

[0039] When the initial position, the four sector cover plate 106 is located at the farthest position, the torsion spring between the auxiliary ratchet 124 and the circular bottom plate 101 is not compressed, the pressing strip plate 125 is located at the farthest end from the axis of the auxiliary ratchet 124, the auxiliary ratchet 127 on the auxiliary circular plate 121 is not in contact with the corresponding auxiliary ratchet 124, and the limiting spring 128 is not compressed, that is, the limiting inner ratchet 123 is not engaged with the corresponding limiting outer ratchet 122.

[0040] The driving adjustment screw rod 115 is rotated, first making the four sector cover plates 106 into a circular plate, and then making the sector cover plate 106 engage with the cylinder 102, at this time the auxiliary ratchet 127 on the auxiliary circular plate 121 is not in contact with the auxiliary ratchet 124, the adjustment screw rod 115 continues to rotate, the torsion spring between the driven gear 112 and the transmission shaft 114 is compressed, the auxiliary ratchet 127 engages with the corresponding auxiliary ratchet 124, under the action of the auxiliary ratchet 127, the auxiliary ratchet 124 and the pressing strip plate 125 rotate synchronously, the torsion spring between the auxiliary ratchet 124 and the circular bottom plate 101 is compressed, the pressing strip plate 125 contacts the corresponding pressing short rod 126, under the action of the pressing strip plate 125, the pressing short rod 126 moves towards the circular bottom plate 101, that is, the limiting inner ratchet 123 moves towards the circular bottom plate 101, the limiting spring 128 is compressed, that is, the limiting outer ratchet 122 engages with the limiting inner ratchet 123 during rotation to form a ratchet mechanism, finally under the action of the pressing strip plate 125 and the pressing short rod 126, the limiting outer ratchet 122 and the limiting inner ratchet 123 are completely engaged, at this time the limiting outer ratchet 122 cannot rotate in the opposite direction under the action of the limiting outer ratchet 122 and the limiting inner ratchet 123, that is, the position of the sector cover plate 106 is locked.

[0041] When the position of the sector cover plate 106 needs to be locked, the adjustment screw rod 115 continues to be driven to rotate, that is, the limiting outer ratchet 122 continues to rotate relative to the limiting inner ratchet 123, the pressing strip plate 125 is separated from the pressing short rod 126, that is, the limiting inner ratchet 123 contacts the limiting outer ratchet 122 in the direction of rotation, that is, the direction of rotation of the adjustment screw rod 115 is limited, the adjustment screw rod 115 continues to rotate, and finally the pressing strip plate 125 rotates to the initial position, at this time the driving adjustment screw rod 115 is reversely rotated, that is, the sector cover plate 106 returns to the initial position.

[0042] The circular bottom plate 101 is fixedly provided with a circular cover plate one 103 and a circular cover plate two 104, the circular cover plate one 103 and the circular cover plate two 104 are respectively used for protecting parts on both sides of the circular bottom plate 101, the circular cover plate one 103 and the circular cover plate two 104 are both provided with through holes equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder 102, the through hole on the circular cover plate one 103, the through hole on the circular cover plate two 104 and the axis of the cylinder 102 are on the same straight line, the circular cover plate one 103 is fixedly installed with a position adjusting motor 132, the output shaft of the position adjusting motor 132 is connected with a corresponding position adjusting lead screw 115.

[0043] Working principle: start the position adjusting motor 132 to drive the corresponding position adjusting lead screw 115 to rotate, under the action of the transmission gear 111, the driven gear 112, the driven gear ring 113, the transmission shaft 114 and the position adjusting lead screw 115, first make the four sector cover plates 106 joint to form a complete circular plate, that is, form a complete hatch cover plate, then make the annular slide plate 105 move to the direction close to the circular bottom plate 101, that is, make the sector-shaped grooves 120 on the sector cover plates 106 all engage with the cylinder 102, that is, make the hatch cover plate formed by the sector cover plates 106 engage with the cylinder 102, at this time, the limiting rod 108 engages with the limiting hole 109, under the action of the limiting rod 108 and the limiting hole 109, the sector cover plates 106 cannot move to the direction away from the axis of the annular rotating plate 116, the position adjusting lead screw 115 continues to rotate, the torsion spring between the driven gear 112 and the transmission shaft 114 is compressed, under the action of the auxiliary circular plate 121, the auxiliary ratchet wheel 124, the pressing strip plate 125 and the pressing short rod 126, the limiting inner ratchet wheel 123 engages with the limiting outer ratchet wheel 122, that is, the rotating direction of the position adjusting lead screw 115 is limited, that is, the position of the position adjusting lead screw 115 is locked, and then the position of the sector cover plates 106 is locked, then the circular handle formed by the four sector handles 119 can be manually rotated, the circular plate formed by the four auxiliary sector plates 110 is rotated, that is, the auxiliary sector plates 110 simultaneously engage with two sector cover plates 106, and then the position of the sector cover plates 106 is locked again.

[0044] The present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes without creative labor, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hatch cover with locking structure, comprising a circular bottom plate (101), a cylinder (102) is fixedly installed on the circular bottom plate (101), characterized in that: An annular slide plate (105) is movably arranged on the circular bottom plate (101), four sector-shaped cover plates (106) are circumferentially arranged and slidably installed on the annular slide plate (105), the sector-shaped cover plates (106) are used for covering the cylinder (102), a transmission assembly is arranged on the annular slide plate (105) and used for adjusting the positions of the four sector-shaped cover plates (106), a position adjusting assembly is symmetrically arranged between the annular slide plate (105) and the circular bottom plate (101), the position adjusting assembly comprises a position adjusting screw rod (115) rotatably installed on the circular bottom plate (101), an installation circular plate (130) is fixedly arranged on the annular slide plate (105) in a symmetrical manner, a transmission shaft (114) is rotatably installed on the installation circular plate (130), the transmission shaft (114) and the position adjusting screw rod (115) form a screw pair, a limiting assembly is arranged between the position adjusting screw rod (115) and the circular bottom plate (101), the limiting assembly comprises a limiting outer ratchet wheel (122) and a limiting inner ratchet wheel (123), the limiting outer ratchet wheel (122) and the limiting inner ratchet wheel (123) are used for limiting the rotating direction of the position adjusting screw rod (115); A driven gear (112) is rotatably installed on the transmission shaft (114), a torsional spring is arranged between the driven gear (112) and the corresponding transmission shaft (114), a driven gear ring (113) is fixedly installed on an annular rotating plate (116), the driven gear (112) is meshed with the driven gear ring (113) to form a gear pair, a transmission gear (111) is fixedly installed on the position adjusting screw rod (115), a transmission gear ring (107) is rotatably installed on the circular bottom plate (101), the transmission gear (111) forms a gear pair with the transmission gear ring (107); The limiting outer ratchet wheel (122) is fixedly installed on the corresponding position adjusting screw rod (115), the limiting inner ratchet wheel (123) is fixedly arranged on the limiting slide plate (129) in a symmetrical manner, the limiting slide plate (129) is slidably matched with the circular bottom plate (101), a limiting spring (128) is arranged between the limiting slide plate (129) and the circular bottom plate (101), the limiting outer ratchet wheel (122) and the limiting inner ratchet wheel (123) form a ratchet mechanism when they are engaged; An auxiliary circular plate (121) is further fixedly installed on the position adjusting screw rod (115), the limiting assembly further comprises an auxiliary ratchet wheel (124) rotatably installed on the circular bottom plate (101), the auxiliary ratchet wheels (127) are uniformly fixedly arranged on one-half of the circumference of the auxiliary circular plate (121), the auxiliary ratchet wheels (127) on the auxiliary circular plate (121) and the corresponding auxiliary ratchet wheel (124) form a ratchet mechanism when they are engaged, a pressing short rod (126) is fixedly arranged on the limiting inner ratchet wheel (123), a pressing strip plate (125) is fixedly arranged on the auxiliary ratchet wheel (124), the pressing strip plate (125) is used for pushing the pressing short rod (126) to move.

2. A hatch cover with locking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular slide plate (105) is also symmetrically provided with auxiliary slide plates (131), the auxiliary slide plates (131) are in sliding fit with the circular bottom plate (101), the mounting circular plates (130) and the auxiliary slide plates (131) are arranged at intervals, and the two mounting circular plates (130) and the two auxiliary slide plates (131) are arranged in a circumferential array relative to the axis of the cylinder (102).

3. A hatch cover with locking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four sector cover plates (106) form a complete circular plate when located at the closest positions, the sector cover plates (106) are provided with sector grooves (120), the sector grooves (120) are used for connecting the sector cover plates (106) and the cylinder (102), the transmission assembly comprises a circular rotating plate (116) rotatably mounted on the annular slide plate (105), the circular rotating plate (116) is circumferentially and fixedly provided with four arc-shaped groove plates (117), the sector cover plates (106) are fixedly provided with transmission short columns (118), and the arc-shaped groove plates (117) are movably connected with the corresponding transmission short columns (118).

4. A hatch cover with locking structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sector cover plates (106) are movably provided with auxiliary sector plates (110) at the ends closest to the axis of the cylinder (102), the four auxiliary sector plates (110) also form a complete circular plate when located at the closest positions, the circular bottom plate (101) is circumferentially and fixedly provided with eight limiting rods (108), the sector cover plates (106) are provided with two limiting holes (109) matched with the limiting rods (108), and the limiting rods (108) and the limiting holes (109) are used for limiting the positions of the sector cover plates (106).

5. A hatch cover with locking structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frictional force between the transmission shaft (114) and the corresponding position-adjusting lead screw (115) is smaller than the elastic force of the torsion spring between the driven gear (112) and the corresponding transmission shaft (114).

6. A hatch cover with locking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circular bottom plate (101) is fixedly provided with a circular cover plate one (103) and a circular cover plate two (104), the circular cover plate one (103) and the circular cover plate two (104) are used for protecting the components on the two sides of the circular bottom plate (101), the circular cover plate one (103) and the circular cover plate two (104) are provided with through holes with the same diameter as the inner diameter of the cylinder (102), and the through hole in the circular cover plate one (103), the through hole in the circular cover plate two (104) and the axis of the cylinder (102) are on the same straight line.

Images