A system and method for recycling pickling waste liquid

Abstract

The present invention discloses a system and method for recycling pickling waste liquid, which relates to the technical field of industrial wastewater treatment, and includes: a processing unit, which is used to detect the concentration of each heavy metal ion in the pickling waste liquid, and add corresponding chelating resins to the pickling waste liquid according to the concentration of each heavy metal ion, and collect the recycled acid liquid; a monitoring unit, which is used to collect the pH value and conductivity data of the recycled acid liquid in real time, and input the pH value, conductivity data and heavy metal ion concentration data into the control unit as monitoring data to establish a monitoring database; a control unit, which calculates the optimal control parameters in real time based on the monitoring data in the monitoring database, automatically adjusts the processing unit according to the optimal control parameters, and transports the recycled acid liquid to the pickling process for reuse. The present invention realizes the accurate detection, dynamic optimization treatment and efficient reuse of heavy metal ions in the pickling waste liquid through multi-parameter coordinated monitoring and intelligent adaptive control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of industrial wastewater treatment, in particular to a pickling waste liquid recycling system and a recycling method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new materials industries such as graphite and carbon nanotubes, pickling process has been widely used as a key surface treatment process, and a large amount of acidic waste liquid containing heavy metal ions has also been produced. At present, the technologies for industrial treatment of pickling waste liquid mainly include neutralization precipitation, spray roasting, evaporation crystallization, ion exchange, membrane separation and extraction. The neutralization precipitation method precipitates heavy metal ions by adding alkaline agents to the waste liquid; the spray roasting method and evaporation crystallization method use heating to recover the acid; the ion exchange method uses ion exchange resin to adsorb and separate heavy metal ions; the membrane separation method filters the pickling waste liquid through specific membrane materials; the extraction method uses organic extractants to separate heavy metal ions from the aqueous phase. Chelating resins form stable complexes with heavy metal ions through chelating groups to achieve separation, showing good application prospects in the field of heavy metal wastewater treatment.

[0003] However, the existing treatment technology has many technical problems to be solved in the reuse of pickling waste liquid. Although the neutralization precipitation method can remove heavy metals, it will destroy the composition of the acid solution, resulting in the acid solution cannot be reused; although the spray roasting method and evaporation crystallization method can achieve acid recovery, the energy consumption is high, the cost is high, and the purity of the recovered acid solution is insufficient, making it difficult to directly reuse it in the pickling process; some heavy metal ions still remain in the acid solution after treatment by the ion exchange method and membrane separation method, and the reuse effect is not ideal; the extraction method is prone to cause organic extractants to enter the recovered acid solution, affecting the reuse quality. The following problems mainly exist in the process of recycling pickling waste liquid: First, there is a lack of online monitoring means for the concentration of each heavy metal ion, and it is impossible to grasp the water quality of the recycled acid solution in real time, resulting in unstable quality of the recycled acid solution; second, the existing technology has not established a complete process monitoring system, and it is impossible to obtain key indicators such as pH value and conductivity of the recycled acid solution in real time to ensure the quality of the recycled acid solution; third, the treatment process is too simple and lacks targeted heavy metal removal pretreatment steps. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient pickling waste liquid reuse treatment system, which can add an initial reuse procedure of heavy metal removers before reuse treatment, and then ensure that the quality of the recycled acid meets the requirements of the pickling process through online analysis of the concentration of each heavy metal ion, real-time monitoring of multiple parameters and dosing control, thereby realizing the recycling of the pickling waste liquid. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a system and method for recycling pickling waste liquid, which can solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a pickling waste liquid recycling system, comprising: a processing unit, used to respectively detect the concentration of each heavy metal ion in the pickling waste liquid, add corresponding chelating resins to the pickling waste liquid according to the concentration of each heavy metal ion, and collect the recycled acid liquid; a monitoring unit, used to collect the pH value and conductivity data of the recycled acid liquid in real time, input the pH value, conductivity data and heavy metal ion concentration data into the control unit as monitoring data, and establish a monitoring database; a control unit, which calculates the optimal control parameters in real time based on the monitoring data in the monitoring database, automatically adjusts the processing unit according to the optimal control parameters, and transports the recycled acid liquid to the pickling process for reuse; wherein the control parameters include the speed and addition ratio of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the pickling waste liquid recycling system described in the present invention, the processing unit includes a heavy metal analyzer, a multi-channel variable frequency metering pump and a recovery module; the heavy metal analyzer is provided with ion detection modules of various types of heavy metals, and the ion detection module is provided with an ion selective electrode; the ion selective electrode includes a reference electrode and a measuring electrode, the reference electrode and the measuring electrode form a potential difference, and the heavy metal ion concentration is detected according to the potential difference; the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump includes a plurality of independently controlled metering pump channels, which are divided into two categories: a pre-treatment channel and a post-treatment pump channel, wherein the pre-treatment channel is used to add a heavy metal remover to perform preliminary treatment on the pickling waste liquid to obtain a primary recycling acid solution, and the post-treatment channel is used to quantitatively add a chelating resin for treating various heavy metal ions to the primary recycling acid solution, and a reactor is provided between the outlet of the pre-treatment channel and the inlet of the post-treatment channel; each metering pump channel is communicatively connected with the control unit; the recovery module collects the pickling waste liquid after the chelating resin is added and separates the recycling acid solution; the recovery module includes a collection pump and a liquid storage tank.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the pickling waste liquid recycling system described in the present invention, wherein: the heavy metal analyzer also includes a data processor, the data processor is used to receive the detection signal of the ion selective electrode and convert it into heavy metal concentration data, and transmit it to the data acquisition module in real time; each of the metering pump channels includes a variable frequency motor, a peristaltic pump head and a chelating resin storage tank, and when the control unit detects that the rate of change of the heavy metal ion concentration exceeds the first preset threshold, the graded response mechanism is started; the graded response mechanism includes a first-level response, a second-level response and a third-level response. Among them, the first-level response is to start monitoring and early warning: the heavy metal analyzer and the sampling points A and B set at the inlet and outlet of the reactor synchronously shorten the sampling cycle and increase the data acquisition frequency. If multiple consecutive sampling data show that the heavy metal ion concentration continues to change, the second-level response is started; if multiple consecutive sampling data show that the heavy metal ion concentration fluctuates within a stable range, the normal sampling cycle is restored.

[0009] The second-level response is to adjust the water inlet conditions: reduce the feed rate of the collection pump and increase the residence time of the pickling waste liquid in the treatment unit; if the treatment effect is improved after the residence time is adjusted, maintain the current water inlet conditions; if the treatment effect is not improved, start the third-level response.

[0010] The third level response is to optimize the dosage of the reagent: the variable frequency motor gradually adjusts the speed according to the buffer curve, gives priority to adjusting the pre-treatment channel, and after the speed stabilizes, adjusts the corresponding chelating resin channel speed in turn; if the treatment effect is improved, the current process parameters are recorded; if the treatment effect of a certain heavy metal ion still does not meet the requirements, the residence time of the treatment unit is increased.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the pickling waste liquid reuse system described in the present invention, wherein: the monitoring unit includes a pH sensor, a conductivity sensor and a data acquisition module; the control unit includes an industrial computer, a database server module and a conveying module; wherein the data acquisition module collects the pH value, conductivity data and heavy metal ion concentration data, organizes them into monitoring data and inputs them into the database server module, and the database server module establishes a monitoring database.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the pickling waste liquid recycling system described in the present invention, wherein: the industrial control computer constructs an adaptive optimization control system; the adaptive optimization control system includes a working condition analysis module, a control strategy module and an operation optimization module.

[0013] The working condition analysis module receives the monitoring data of the data acquisition module and establishes the interaction matrix between heavy metal ions. R , generating a characteristic spectrum reflecting the relationship between the concentration changes of each component; the interaction matrix R The calculation formula is:

[0014] ;

[0015] ;

[0016] ;

[0017] ;

[0018] ;

[0019] In the formula, The interaction matrix R An element in i Heavy metal ions and j The degree of interaction between the heavy metal ions; Heavy metal ions i and j The chelation competition coefficient between is the concentration fluctuation coupling coefficient; is the processing efficiency influence coefficient; , Respectively i Species and j Real-time concentration of heavy metal ions, , are the corresponding target concentrations; is the processing efficiency characteristic factor; , Respectively i Species and j The chelation equilibrium constant of heavy metal ions; , Respectively i Species and j The concentration change of heavy metal ions; , Respectively i Species and j Real-time treatment efficiency of various heavy metal ions; , Respectively i Species and j Target treatment efficiency of various heavy metal ions; For the i The weight coefficient of heavy metal ions; n is the number of heavy metal ions; The pH value is i Species and j The influence coefficient of the interaction of heavy metal ions; The conductivity ofi Species and j The influence coefficient of the interaction of heavy metal ions; is the target pH value; is the allowable fluctuation range of pH; EC is the current conductivity; is the target conductivity; This is the allowable fluctuation range of conductivity.

[0020] The control strategy module is based on the characteristic map and combined with the interaction matrix R Calculate the optimal speed and dosing ratio parameter combination of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump. The specific optimization objective function is expressed as:

[0021] ;

[0022] In the formula, To optimize the objective function, the input variable is the speed vector v and the matching vector r ; For the i Target concentration of heavy metal ions; For the i The speed of each metering pump channel; For the j The speed of each metering pump channel; For the i Target ratio for each metering pump channel; For the j Target mix ratio for each metering pump channel.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the pickling waste liquid recycling system of the present invention, the control strategy module determines the speed adjustment priority according to the ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix of each heavy metal ion and other heavy metal ions, and calculates the first element in the interaction matrix. i Heavy metal ions and other heavy metal ions j The ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix; determining the adjustment priority of each heavy metal ion according to the size of the ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix; for the heavy metal ions with a large ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix, increasing the speed adjustment weight coefficient of the corresponding metering pump, and reducing the speed adjustment weight coefficient of the metering pump corresponding to other heavy metal ions; the speed adjustment weight coefficient is equal to the speed ratio of the metering pump.

[0024] The control strategy module also achieves ratio optimization by maintaining the overall dosage of the reagent unchanged and adjusting the speed proportionally; at the same time, when the heavy metal ion concentration, pH value and conductivity displayed by the characteristic map exceed their respective target ranges, the control strategy module gradually adjusts the metering pump speed according to the preset step value; when these parameters return to the target range, the metering pump speed is directly adjusted to the target value; at the same time, according to the real-time fluctuation amplitude of the heavy metal ion concentration, pH value and conductivity, the change step of the metering pump speed is proportionally calculated and adjusted; when multiple heavy metal ions experience abnormal fluctuations at the same time, the control strategy module determines the key heavy metal ions through the eigenvalue decomposition of the interaction influence matrix, sets the metering pump adjustment priority according to the eigenvalue size, and maintains the ratio balance between heavy metal ions with adjacent priorities.

[0025] The operation optimization module evaluates the treatment effect of the optimal speed and dosage ratio parameter combination in real time. If the heavy metal ion removal rate and the chelation reaction rate fluctuate, the interaction matrix is ​​automatically updated according to the preset calculation cycle, and the optimal speed and dosage ratio parameter combination is recalculated based on the updated interaction matrix and the treatment effect is evaluated; if the concentration-ratio-efficiency state space analysis value exceeds the second preset threshold, the metering pump speed and ratio parameters are adjusted step by step according to the preset control rules, and the change in heavy metal ion concentration during the adjustment process is recorded; if the control parameter optimization sequence needs to be determined, the key control variables are identified based on the influence weight value and response time of each control parameter, and an optimization adjustment sequence is established according to the importance ranking.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the pickling waste liquid recycling system described in the present invention, wherein: the collecting pump pumps the pickling waste liquid treated with chelating resin added by the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump into the liquid storage tank for solid-liquid separation; the liquid storage tank separates the chelating resin-heavy metal complex and the recycled acid liquid by sedimentation, and transports the separated recycled acid liquid to the monitoring unit; the transportation module includes a transportation pump and a pipeline system.

[0027] To further solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for recycling pickling waste liquid, comprising the following steps: respectively detecting the concentration of each heavy metal ion in the pickling waste liquid by a heavy metal online analyzer in a processing unit, and adding corresponding chelating resins to the pickling waste liquid according to the concentration of each heavy metal ion by a multi-channel variable frequency metering pump to obtain recycled acid liquid; collecting the pH value and conductivity data of the recycled acid liquid in real time by a pH sensor and a conductivity sensor in a monitoring unit, and inputting the pH value, conductivity data and heavy metal ion concentration data into a control unit as monitoring data through a data acquisition module to establish a monitoring database; an industrial computer in the control unit calculates the optimal control parameters in real time based on the monitoring data in the monitoring database, automatically adjusts the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump according to the optimal control parameters, and transports the recycled acid liquid to the pickling process for reuse.

[0028] A computer device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the pickling waste liquid recycling system as described above when executing the computer program.

[0029] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the pickling waste liquid recycling system as described above.

[0030] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention realizes efficient treatment and reuse of pickling waste liquid through the organic combination of the processing unit, the monitoring unit and the control unit. The processing unit adopts a combination of a heavy metal analyzer and a multi-channel variable frequency metering pump to realize the accurate detection and quantitative dosing of heavy metal ions; the monitoring unit constructs a multi-dimensional monitoring system of pH value, conductivity and heavy metal ion concentration to provide real-time and complete data support for system control; the control unit realizes intelligent regulation of the heavy metal ion treatment process by establishing an interactive influence matrix and a characteristic map, combined with an adaptive optimization algorithm. This systematic technical solution overcomes the problems of detection lag, extensive control, and poor adaptability in traditional treatment methods, and significantly improves the chelation treatment efficiency and reagent utilization rate. Especially in the face of fluctuations in the influent water quality, the system can respond quickly and automatically optimize the control parameters to ensure the stability of the treatment effect, providing reliable technical support for the resource utilization of industrial pickling waste liquid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pickling waste liquid recycling system proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is an overall flow chart of a method for recycling pickling waste liquid proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a diagram of computer equipment in a method for recycling pickling waste liquid proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] Example 1, reference Figure 1 , as an embodiment of the present invention, provides a pickling waste liquid recycling system.

[0038] The existing pickling waste liquid treatment technology has the following key technical problems: first, there is a lack of online monitoring means for the concentration of various heavy metal ions, and the water quality of the recycled acid cannot be grasped in real time, resulting in unstable quality of the recycled acid; second, the existing technology has not established a complete process monitoring system, and it is impossible to obtain key indicators such as the pH value and conductivity of the recycled acid in real time to ensure the quality of the recycled acid; third, the treatment process is too simple and lacks targeted heavy metal removal pretreatment steps.

[0039] The present application provides an effective solution to the above-mentioned problems. Next, multiple embodiments will be combined to explain in detail how to implement the pickling waste liquid recycling system.

[0040] Figure 1 The overall structural diagram of a pickling waste liquid recycling system is shown, including: a processing unit 100, a monitoring unit 200 and a control unit 300.

[0041] First, the concentrations of various heavy metal ions in the pickling waste liquid are detected by the processing unit 100, and corresponding chelating resins are added to the pickling waste liquid according to the concentrations of various heavy metal ions, and the recycled acid liquid is collected.

[0042] Furthermore, the processing unit 100 includes a heavy metal analyzer 101, a multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 and a recovery module 103. The recovery module 103 includes a collection pump 103a and a liquid storage tank 103b.

[0043] Specifically, in the present invention, heavy metal ions include copper ions, nickel ions and chromium ions. The heavy metal analyzer 101 is provided with ion detection modules of various types of heavy metals, mainly including a copper ion detection module, a nickel ion detection module, a chromium ion detection module (all three are provided with ion selective electrodes), and a data processor. Among them, the ion selective electrode includes a reference electrode and a measuring electrode. The measuring electrode of the copper ion detection module uses a copper ion selective membrane electrode, the measuring electrode of the nickel ion detection module uses a nickel ion selective membrane electrode, and the measuring electrode of the chromium ion detection module uses a chromium ion selective membrane electrode. The reference electrode uses a silver chloride electrode. The concentration of heavy metal ions is detected by measuring the potential difference between the reference electrode and the measuring electrode, wherein the magnitude of the potential difference is linearly related to the logarithm of the concentration of heavy metal ions in the solution, thereby realizing the quantitative detection of the concentrations of copper ions, nickel ions and chromium ions in the pickling waste liquid. The data processor receives the detection signal of the ion selective electrode and converts it into heavy metal concentration data, and transmits it to the data acquisition module 203 in real time.

[0044] The characteristic spectrum is a multi-curve graph with time as the horizontal coordinate and the concentration of each heavy metal ion, pH value and conductivity as the vertical coordinate, which is used to characterize the concentration change trend, fluctuation period and interaction relationship of each component during the treatment process. The multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 includes four independently controlled metering pump channels, which are divided into two categories: pre-treatment channel and post-treatment pump channel. Among them, there is one pre-treatment channel for adding heavy metal removers to preliminarily treat the pickling waste liquid to obtain the primary acid solution. The three post-treatment channels are used to quantitatively add chelating resins for treating copper ions, nickel ions and chromium ions to the primary acid solution. A reactor is set between the outlet of the pre-treatment channel and the inlet of the post-treatment channel to ensure the reflection effect of the heavy metal remover. Sampling points A and B are set at the inlet and outlet of the reactor respectively, and cooperate with the heavy metal analyzer to form a complete monitoring network. Each metering pump channel includes a variable frequency motor, a peristaltic pump head and a corresponding reagent storage tank; wherein the speed range of the variable frequency motor is 0-100rpm (this range matches the rheological properties of the chelating resin and the heavy metal remover, which can not only ensure the accuracy of trace addition at low concentrations of heavy metal ions, but also meet the needs of large-dose addition at high concentrations. At the same time, with the three-roller peristaltic pump head structure, the metering accuracy can be controlled within ±1%, which is crucial for maintaining the stoichiometric ratio of the treatment reaction.), which is adjusted by the control signal output by the control unit 300; the peristaltic pump head adopts a three-roller structure to ensure that the metering accuracy is within ±1%; each storage tank is provided with a liquid level sensor for monitoring the reagent reserves and transmitting the reserve data to the data acquisition module 203.

[0045] Each metering pump channel in the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 is connected to the control unit 300. When the industrial computer 301 in the control unit 300 detects that the change rate of the heavy metal ion concentration exceeds the first preset threshold, the hierarchical response mechanism is started. The hierarchical response mechanism includes a first-level response, a second-level response, and a third-level response.

[0046] The first level response is to start monitoring and early warning: the heavy metal analyzer 101 and sampling points A and B will simultaneously shorten the sampling cycle, increase the frequency of data collection, and conduct intensive monitoring of the processing process. If multiple consecutive sampling data show that the heavy metal ion concentration continues to change, the second level response will be initiated; if multiple consecutive sampling data show that the heavy metal ion concentration fluctuates within a stable range, the normal sampling cycle will be restored.

[0047] The second level response is to adjust the water inlet condition: reduce the feed rate of the collection pump 103a in the recovery module 103, and increase the residence time of the pickling waste liquid in the treatment unit 100. If the treatment effect is improved after the residence time adjustment, the current water inlet condition is maintained; if the treatment effect is not significantly improved, the third level response is initiated.

[0048] The third level response is to optimize the dosage of the reagent: the variable frequency motor of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 gradually adjusts the speed according to the buffer curve, among which the pre-treatment channel is adjusted first, and after its speed stabilizes, the speed of the corresponding post-treatment channel is adjusted in turn to avoid instantaneous fluctuations of the reagent. If the treatment effect is improved, the current process parameters are recorded; if the treatment effect of a certain heavy metal ion still does not meet the requirements, the residence time of the treatment unit 100 is increased.

[0049] It should be noted that through this hierarchical response mechanism, the system forms a closed-loop regulation system. Monitoring and early warning ensure timely detection of abnormalities; water inlet condition adjustment provides sufficient reaction time for subsequent treatment; and reagent addition optimization avoids fluctuations through orderly speed regulation. Throughout the process, the three monitoring points continuously collect data to provide data support for the optimization of control parameters until the concentration of each heavy metal ion meets the treatment requirements.

[0050] Preferably, the three post-processing channels of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 in this embodiment respectively process one heavy metal ion. The rationality of such a setting lies in: first, different heavy metal ions have different optimal reaction stoichiometric ratios and reaction kinetic characteristics with their corresponding chelating resins, and independent channels can achieve precise quantitative addition; secondly, since the concentration fluctuations of various heavy metal ions in the pickling waste liquid are often not synchronized, the independent channel design can achieve differentiated regulation, avoiding the problem of excessive or insufficient chelating resin caused by the traditional single addition method.

[0051] It should be noted that the implementation principle of "dosage correspondence" is based on the stoichiometric ratio and reaction kinetics of heavy metal ions and chelating resins: each heavy metal ion has its own specific chelating resin and has an optimal dosing ratio. The industrial computer calculates the required amount of chelating resin based on the preset stoichiometric ratio according to the real-time detection data of each ion concentration by the heavy metal analyzer, and then converts it into the variable frequency motor speed instruction of the corresponding channel. For example, when the copper ion concentration is detected to be 100 mg / L, if the optimal chelating resin dosing ratio is 1:2 (weight ratio), the industrial computer will convert the ratio into the corresponding chelating resin volume flow rate, and then convert it into the variable frequency motor speed for processing the copper ion channel to achieve precise dosing. This dynamic proportioning dosing method based on real-time concentration not only ensures the treatment effect, but also avoids excessive use of chelating resin.

[0052] The recovery module 103 collects the pickling waste liquid after adding the chelating resin and separates the reused acid liquid. The recovery module 103 includes a collection pump 103a and a liquid storage tank 103b. The collection pump 103a pumps the pickling waste liquid after the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 adds the chelating resin to the liquid storage tank 103b for solid-liquid separation; the liquid storage tank 103b settles and separates the chelating resin-heavy metal complex and the reused acid liquid, and transports the separated reused acid liquid to the monitoring unit 200.

[0053] It should be noted that the rationality of using sedimentation separation in liquid storage tank 103b lies in that the chelating resin-heavy metal complex has a large molecular weight and density, and the density difference with the acid solution is significant. The use of gravity sedimentation can not only achieve a good separation effect, but also avoid the problems of high equipment cost and easy clogging that exist in other methods such as membrane separation.

[0054] Preferably, the processing unit 100 mainly solves the technical problems of inaccurate addition of chelating resin and unstable treatment effect caused by fluctuations in the concentration of various heavy metal ions in the pickling waste liquid. The heavy metal analyzer 101 monitors the concentration of each ion in real time, and the independent channel design of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 is used to achieve accurate quantitative addition based on the stoichiometric ratio, avoiding the waste of chelating resin caused by the traditional single addition method. Especially when the concentration of heavy metal ions fluctuates violently, the graded response mechanism ensures the stability of the treatment process by synergistically adjusting the feed rate, the injection rate and the sampling frequency. This technical solution integrating real-time detection, differentiated regulation and adaptive response breaks through the limitations of the simple superposition detection device and the feeding device in the prior art that are difficult to cope with complex working conditions, and realizes efficient and economical treatment of pickling waste liquid.

[0055] Secondly, the pH value and conductivity data of the recycled acid solution are collected in real time through the monitoring unit 200, and the pH value, conductivity data and heavy metal ion concentration data are input into the control unit 300 as monitoring data to establish a monitoring database.

[0056] Furthermore, the monitoring unit 200 includes a pH sensor 201 , a conductivity sensor 202 and a data acquisition module 203 .

[0057] Specifically, the present invention collects the pH value of the recycled acid in real time through the pH sensor 201, collects the conductivity data of the recycled acid in real time through the conductivity sensor 202, and inputs the pH value, conductivity data and heavy metal ion concentration data as monitoring data into the database server module 302 in the control unit 300 through the data acquisition module 203, and the database server module 302 establishes a monitoring database.

[0058] Preferably, in the present invention, the monitoring unit 200 not only collects pH value and conductivity data, but also integrates these data with heavy metal ion concentration data, and uniformly inputs the control unit 300 through the data acquisition module 203. This data integration method enables the system to simultaneously grasp the acid-base characteristics, ionic conductivity and heavy metal residue of the recycled acid solution, and provides multi-dimensional data support for subsequent control decisions. Especially when the heavy metal ion concentration fluctuates, the change trend of pH value and conductivity can be used as an early warning indicator to help the system adjust the control parameters of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 in time to avoid delayed treatment effect. This early warning-regulation mechanism cooperates with the hierarchical response mechanism of the processing unit 100 to jointly improve the response speed and processing accuracy of the system to the fluctuation of heavy metal ion concentration.

[0059] Finally, the control unit 300 calculates the optimal control parameters in real time based on the monitoring data in the monitoring database, and automatically adjusts the processing unit 100 according to the optimal control parameters to transport the recycled acid solution to the pickling process for reuse.

[0060] Furthermore, the control unit 300 includes an industrial computer 301, a database server module 302 and a conveying module 303. The conveying module 303 includes a conveying pump 303a and a pipeline system 303b. The conveying module 303 conveys the recycled acid solution to the pickling process for reuse, and is a key execution device for the control unit 300 to execute the reuse process; the conveying pump 303a adjusts the conveying flow rate according to the control parameters issued by the control unit 300 to ensure that the recycled acid solution is conveyed to the pickling process at an appropriate rate; the pipeline system 303b is used to connect the liquid storage tank 103b and the pickling process to construct a conveying channel for the recycled acid solution, which includes a main conveying pipeline, a distribution branch pipe and a corresponding valve control device to achieve directional conveying and flow control of the recycled acid solution.

[0061] Specifically, the control parameters include the rotation speed and dosing ratio of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump.

[0062] The industrial computer 301 constructs an adaptive optimization control system, which includes a working condition analysis module, a control strategy module and an operation optimization module.

[0063] The working condition analysis module receives the monitoring data from the data acquisition module 203 and establishes the interaction matrix between heavy metal ions. R , generate a characteristic spectrum that reflects the relationship between the concentration changes of each component. It should be noted that the characteristic spectrum is a multi-curve graph with time as the horizontal axis and the concentration of each heavy metal ion, pH value and conductivity as the vertical axis. It is used to characterize the concentration change trend, fluctuation cycle and interaction relationship of each component during the treatment process. The fluctuation characteristics and cross positions of each curve reflect the degree of mutual influence between different heavy metal ions, providing a basis for the formulation of metering pump speed adjustment strategy. Interaction influence matrixR The calculation formula is:

[0064] ;

[0065] In the formula, The interaction matrix R An element in i Heavy metal ions and j The degree of interaction between the heavy metal ions; Heavy metal ions i and j The chelation competition coefficient between is the concentration fluctuation coupling coefficient; is the processing efficiency influence coefficient; , Respectively i Species and j Real-time concentration of various heavy metal ions; , are the corresponding target concentrations; is the processing efficiency characteristic factor; The pH value is i Species and j The influence coefficient of the interaction of heavy metal ions; The conductivity of i Species and j The influence coefficient of the interaction of heavy metal ions; is the target pH value; The pH fluctuation range is allowed; EC is the current conductivity; is the target conductivity; This is the allowable fluctuation range of conductivity.

[0066] Chelation competition coefficient It is used to characterize the competitive relationship between different heavy metal ions for chelation sites. The calculation formula is:

[0067] ;

[0068] Chelation competition coefficient Reflects the i Species and j The competitive ability ratio of the heavy metal ions to the chelating agent binding sites. , Respectively i Species and j The chelation equilibrium constant of heavy metal ions; It represents the ratio of equilibrium constants, reflecting the intrinsic competitive ability. Indicates the degree of deviation between the actual concentration and the target concentration. When it is greater than 1, it indicates i Heavy metal ions have a competitive advantage.

[0069] Concentration fluctuation coupling coefficient The interaction strength used to characterize the treatment efficiency between heavy metal ions is calculated as follows:

[0070] ;

[0071] In the formula, , Respectively i Species and j The concentration change of heavy metal ions. Concentration fluctuation coupling coefficient Describes the i Species and j The correlation between the concentration changes of the heavy metal ions was calculated by the normalized concentration change ratio. A measure of the synchronization of the fluctuations of the concentrations of two ions. When it is close to 1, it indicates that the concentration changes are strongly correlated.

[0072] Processing efficiency influence coefficient The interaction strength used to characterize the treatment efficiency between heavy metal ions is calculated as follows:

[0073] ;

[0074] In the formula, , Respectively i Species and j Real-time treatment efficiency of various heavy metal ions; , Respectively i Species and j Target treatment efficiency of heavy metal ions; Treatment efficiency influence coefficient Characterizes the i Species and j The mutual constraints between the treatment efficiencies of various heavy metal ions are calculated using the normalized efficiency ratio. To evaluate the trade-off between the two ion removal effects, Deviations from 1 indicate significant efficiency disturbances.

[0075] Processing efficiency characteristic factor It is used to characterize the overall treatment effect of the chelation reaction, and its calculation formula is:

[0076] ;

[0077] In the formula, For the i The weight coefficient of heavy metal ions; n is the number of heavy metal ion types. Treatment efficiency characteristic factor Comprehensive evaluation by weighted average n The treatment effect of various heavy metal ions, among which Indicates i The deviation between the actual efficiency and the target efficiency of the heavy metal ion; the denominator For normalization, Smaller values ​​indicate better overall processing effects.

[0078] The control strategy module calculates the optimal speed and dosing ratio parameter combination of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 based on the characteristic spectrum and combined with the interaction influence matrix; its optimization objective function is:

[0079] ;

[0080] In the formula, To optimize the objective function, the input variable is the speed vector v and the matching vector r .

[0081] Item 1 middle:

[0082] n is the number of heavy metal ions; For the i Real-time concentration of various heavy metal ions; For the i Target concentration of heavy metal ions; It is the absolute difference between the real-time concentration and the target concentration.

[0083] Item 2: middle:

[0084] For the i The speed of each metering pump channel; For the j The speed of each metering pump channel; For the i Target ratio for each metering pump channel; For the j Target ratio for each metering pump channel; is the actual speed ratio; is the target ratio; It is the absolute value of the deviation between the actual speed ratio and the target ratio.

[0085] Calculate the interaction matrix iHeavy metal ions and other heavy metal ions j The ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix is ​​determined; the adjustment priority of each heavy metal ion is determined according to the ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix; for heavy metal ions with a large ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix, the speed adjustment weight coefficient of the corresponding metering pump is increased, and the speed adjustment weight coefficient of the metering pump corresponding to other heavy metal ions is reduced; the speed adjustment weight coefficient is equal to the speed ratio of the metering pump.

[0086] The control strategy module also optimizes the ratio by maintaining the overall dosage of the reagent unchanged and adjusting the speed proportionally. At the same time, the control strategy module determines the speed adjustment timing of the metering pump according to the fluctuation period of the heavy metal ion concentration, pH value and conductivity displayed in the characteristic spectrum. Specifically, the speed adjustment time interval of each metering pump is determined based on the fluctuation period of the heavy metal ion concentration, pH value and conductivity in the characteristic spectrum; when the heavy metal ion concentration exceeds the target range and shows an upward trend, the speed adjustment amplitude of the metering pump is proportional to the concentration change rate; when the heavy metal ion concentration exceeds the target range and shows a downward trend, the speed adjustment amplitude of the metering pump is proportional to the concentration change rate, and a larger proportional coefficient is used to achieve rapid response; when the pH value or conductivity exceeds the target range, the speed of the metering pump corresponding to the affected heavy metal ion is adjusted accordingly, and the adjustment amplitude is proportional to the degree of deviation of the pH value or conductivity. In addition, when multiple heavy metal ions experience abnormal fluctuations at the same time, the control strategy module determines the key heavy metal ions by eigenvalue decomposition of the interaction matrix considering the influence of pH value and conductivity, sets the metering pump adjustment priority according to the size of the eigenvalue, and maintains the ratio balance between heavy metal ions with adjacent priorities, specifically: performing eigenvalue decomposition on the interaction matrix including the influence of pH value and conductivity; arranging the eigenvalues ​​in descending order, and the size of the eigenvalue represents the importance of the dominant ion in the corresponding eigenvector; determining the metering pump adjustment priority according to the size of the eigenvalue; and controlling the difference between the speed ratio of the metering pumps corresponding to the heavy metal ions with adjacent priorities and the ratio of their ratio parameters within a preset range.

[0087] The operation optimization module evaluates the treatment effect of the optimal speed and dosage ratio parameter combination in real time. If the heavy metal ion removal rate and the chelation reaction rate fluctuate, the interaction matrix is ​​automatically updated according to the preset calculation cycle, and the optimal speed and dosage ratio parameter combination is recalculated based on the updated matrix and its treatment effect is evaluated; if the concentration-ratio-efficiency state space analysis value exceeds the second preset threshold, the metering pump speed and ratio parameters are adjusted step by step according to the preset control rules, and the changes in heavy metal ion concentration during the adjustment process are recorded; if the optimization sequence of control parameters needs to be determined, the key control variables are identified based on the influence weight value and response time of each parameter, and an optimization adjustment sequence is established according to the order of importance, in which pH value and conductivity participate in the optimization process as constraints.

[0088] It should be noted that the heavy metal ion removal rate is the ratio of the heavy metal ion concentration in the effluent to the heavy metal ion concentration in the influent; the chelation reaction rate is the amount of heavy metal ions adsorbed by the chelating resin per unit time, which is characterized by the reduction in the heavy metal ion concentration in the waste liquid per unit time; the concentration-ratio-efficiency state space analysis value is the Euclidean distance between the state vector composed of the heavy metal ion concentration vector, the reagent ratio parameter vector and the treatment efficiency vector and the target state vector. The preset control rules refer to determining the adjustment priority based on the removal effect of heavy metal ions; determining the metering pump speed adjustment step according to the state vector deviation; and adjusting the operating parameters of each metering pump in sequence according to the priority order.

[0089] It should be noted that the industrial computer 301 calculates the interaction influence matrix according to the monitoring data through the working condition analysis module R The dynamic relationship between heavy metal ions is analyzed, and then the control strategy module uses the interaction matrix to optimize the calculation of pump group parameters and output the optimal speed and ratio combination. Finally, the treatment effect is evaluated by running the optimization module and the results are fed back to achieve dynamic optimization of control parameters. The system continuously executes the above process to maintain the optimal operating state of the treatment system.

[0090] Preferably, the control unit 300 solves the technical problems of low control accuracy, delayed response, poor adaptability, etc. in the traditional pickling waste liquid treatment system through the collaborative work of the industrial computer 301, the database server module 302 and the conveying module 303. The core of this unit is to build an adaptive optimization control system, which includes a working condition analysis module, a control strategy module and an operation optimization module, and realizes intelligent decision-making and dynamic regulation based on multi-dimensional data. In particular, by establishing the interaction matrix R between heavy metal ions, the system can accurately describe and quantify the complex relationships such as chelation competition and concentration coupling between different ions, overcoming the limitation that the traditional control system cannot cope with multi-component collaborative treatment. Based on the characteristic spectrum and the interaction matrix, the control strategy module can calculate the optimal speed and dosing ratio parameter combination of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump in real time, and realize the ratio optimization by maintaining the overall agent dosage unchanged, effectively improving the chelation treatment efficiency and agent utilization rate. When the system detects abnormal fluctuations, the control unit can automatically adjust the speed change gradient of the metering pump based on the characteristics of ion concentration changes, realizing rapid response and precise regulation to working condition fluctuations. At the same time, the operation optimization module continuously evaluates the treatment effect and updates the interaction matrix, so that the system has self-learning and self-adaptive capabilities, and can automatically optimize the control parameters according to the changes in the influent water quality, ensuring the stability of the treatment effect. This control solution based on mathematical models and intelligent algorithms breaks through the limitations of traditional PID control, realizes the intelligent and precise control of the pickling waste liquid treatment process, and provides a reliable technical guarantee for the efficient reuse of industrial waste liquid.

[0091] In summary, the present invention realizes efficient treatment and reuse of pickling waste liquid through the organic combination of processing unit, monitoring unit and control unit. The processing unit adopts a combination of heavy metal analyzer and multi-channel variable frequency metering pump to realize accurate detection and quantitative dosing of heavy metal ions; the monitoring unit constructs a multi-dimensional monitoring system of pH value, conductivity and heavy metal ion concentration to provide real-time and complete data support for system control; the control unit realizes intelligent regulation of the heavy metal ion treatment process by establishing an interactive influence matrix and characteristic map, combined with an adaptive optimization algorithm. This systematic technical solution overcomes the problems of detection lag, extensive control, and poor adaptability in traditional treatment methods, and significantly improves the chelation treatment efficiency and reagent utilization rate. Especially in the face of fluctuations in influent water quality, the system can respond quickly and automatically optimize control parameters to ensure the stability of the treatment effect, providing reliable technical support for the resource utilization of industrial pickling waste liquid.

[0092] Example 2, reference Figure 2 , as an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for recycling pickling waste liquid.

[0093] Figure 2 The overall flow chart of a pickling waste liquid recycling system is shown, including:

[0094] S1: The concentration of each heavy metal ion in the pickling waste liquid is detected by the heavy metal online analyzer 101 in the processing unit 100, and the corresponding chelating resin is added to the pickling waste liquid according to the concentration of each heavy metal ion by the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 to obtain a reused acid solution;

[0095] S2: The pH value and conductivity data of the recycled acid solution are collected in real time through the pH sensor 201 and the conductivity sensor 202 in the monitoring unit 200, and the pH value, conductivity data and heavy metal ion concentration data are input as monitoring data into the control unit 300 through the data acquisition module 203 to establish a monitoring database;

[0096] S3: The industrial computer 301 in the control unit 300 calculates the optimal control parameters in real time based on the monitoring data in the monitoring database, and automatically adjusts the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump 102 according to the optimal control parameters to transport the reused acid solution to the pickling process for reuse.

[0097] Example 3, reference Figure 3, is an embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the previous embodiment in that: if the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0098] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0099] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0100] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0101] Example 4 is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a pickling waste liquid recycling system. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0102] In order to verify the treatment efficiency of the present invention, a comparative experiment was designed in this embodiment. The pickling wastewater produced by a certain electroplating plant was selected as the treatment object, which mainly contained Cu 2+ 、Ni 2+ and Cr 3+ Three heavy metal ions. The waste liquid was treated by the present invention (denoted as Scheme A) and the traditional fixed parameter control system (denoted as Scheme B). During the experiment, the adaptability of the two schemes to water quality fluctuations was tested by changing the influent water quality conditions; at the same time, key indicators such as heavy metal removal efficiency, chelating resin adsorption capacity and system operation stability were compared and analyzed.

[0103] During the 120-hour continuous operation cycle, water samples were collected every 4 hours and relevant parameters were tested. The present invention adopts multi-parameter collaborative monitoring and adaptive optimization algorithm to dynamically adjust the dosage ratio and reaction conditions of different types of chelating resins according to real-time monitoring data; while the traditional system operates with fixed process parameters. During the experiment, a sudden change in influent water quality was specially set up to verify the dynamic response capability and processing stability of the two systems.

[0104] Table 1 Comparison of heavy metal removal efficiency of different treatment schemes

[0105]

[0106] From the comparison data of heavy metal removal efficiency in Table 1, it can be seen that the present invention has a significant effect on Cu 2+ 、Ni 2+ and Cr 3+ All three heavy metal ions showed excellent removal effects. During the 120-hour continuous operation, the Cu 2+ 、Ni 2+ and Cr 3+The removal rates increased from the initial 92.5%, 91.8% and 90.6% to 94.8%, 94.2% and 93.1%, respectively, showing a steady upward trend; while the removal efficiency of the traditional scheme B continued to decline, and after 120 hours, the removal rates of the three ions dropped to 86.8%, 85.4% and 84.9%, respectively. Especially after 72 hours, the performance difference between the two schemes further expanded, and the difference in removal rates between schemes A and B exceeded 7 percentage points, which fully demonstrated that the present invention can improve the treatment effect by continuously optimizing parameters, while the traditional fixed parameter control system gradually decays due to the lack of optimization mechanism.

[0107] Table 2 Water quality fluctuation adaptability test results

[0108]

[0109] The dynamic response characteristics of the two schemes can be deeply analyzed through the water quality fluctuation adaptability test results in Table 2. As the fluctuation amplitude of the influent concentration increases from 10% to 50%, Scheme A shows excellent anti-interference ability: the treatment efficiency fluctuation only increases from 2.1% to 5.1%, the parameter adjustment time increases from 2.5 minutes to 5.2 minutes, and the system stable recovery time increases from 8.5 minutes to 18.5 minutes; while the various indicators of Scheme B under the same conditions show significant deterioration. When the influent concentration fluctuates by 50%, the treatment efficiency fluctuates by as much as 25.4%, the parameter adjustment time reaches 20.2 minutes, and the system stable recovery time is extended to 52.5 minutes. This set of comparative data clearly shows that the present invention has stronger adjustment ability and faster recovery speed when dealing with water quality fluctuations, and can effectively maintain the stable operation of the system, which is of great significance for practical industrial applications.

[0110] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pickling waste liquid recycling system, characterized in that: include: The processing unit (100) is used to detect the concentration of each heavy metal ion in the pickling waste liquid, add corresponding chelating resins to the pickling waste liquid according to the concentration of each heavy metal ion, and collect the recycled acid liquid; A monitoring unit (200) is used to collect pH value and conductivity data of the recycled acid solution in real time, and input the pH value, conductivity data and heavy metal ion concentration data into a control unit (300) as monitoring data to establish a monitoring database; A control unit (300) calculates optimal control parameters in real time based on the monitoring data in the monitoring database, and automatically adjusts the processing unit (100) according to the optimal control parameters to transport the reused acid solution to the pickling process for reuse; wherein the control parameters include the rotation speed and dosing ratio of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump; The monitoring unit (200) comprises a pH sensor (201), a conductivity sensor (202) and a data acquisition module (203); The control unit (300) comprises an industrial computer (301), a database server module (302) and a conveying module (303); The data acquisition module (203) collects the pH value, conductivity data and heavy metal ion concentration data, organizes them into monitoring data and inputs them into the database server module (302), and the database server module (302) establishes a monitoring database; The industrial control computer (301) constructs an adaptive optimization control system; the adaptive optimization control system comprises an operating condition analysis module, a control strategy module and an operation optimization module; The working condition analysis module receives the monitoring data from the data acquisition module (203) and establishes an interaction matrix between heavy metal ions. R , generating a characteristic spectrum reflecting the relationship between the concentration changes of each component; the interaction matrix R The calculation formula is: ； ； ； ； ； In the formula, The interaction matrix R An element in i Heavy metal ions and j The degree of interaction between the heavy metal ions; Heavy metal ions i and j The chelation competition coefficient between is the concentration fluctuation coupling coefficient; is the processing efficiency influence coefficient; , Respectively i Species and j Real-time concentration of heavy metal ions, , are the corresponding target concentrations; is the processing efficiency characteristic factor; , Respectively i Species and j The chelation equilibrium constant of heavy metal ions; , Respectively i Species and j The concentration change of heavy metal ions; , Respectively i Species and j Real-time treatment efficiency of various heavy metal ions; , Respectively i Species and j Target treatment efficiency of various heavy metal ions; For the i The weight coefficient of heavy metal ions; n is the number of heavy metal ions; The pH value is i Species and j The influence coefficient of the interaction of heavy metal ions; The conductivity of i Species and j The influence coefficient of the interaction of heavy metal ions; pH * is the target pH value; The pH fluctuation range is allowed; EC is the current conductivity; EC * is the target conductivity; The permissible fluctuation range of conductivity; The characteristic spectrum is a multi-curve graph with time as the horizontal axis and the concentration of each heavy metal ion, pH value and conductivity as the vertical axis, which is used to characterize the concentration change trend, fluctuation period and interaction relationship of each component during the treatment process; The control strategy module is based on the characteristic map and combined with the interaction matrix R The optimal speed and dosing ratio parameter combination of the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump (102) is calculated, and the specific optimization objective function is expressed as: ； In the formula, To optimize the objective function, the input variable is the speed vector v and the matching vector r ; For the i Target concentration of heavy metal ions; For the i The speed of each metering pump channel; For the j The speed of each metering pump channel; For the i Target ratio for each metering pump channel; For the j Target mix ratio for each metering pump channel.

2. The pickling waste liquid recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing unit (100) comprises a heavy metal analyzer (101), a multi-channel variable frequency metering pump (102) and a recovery module (103); The heavy metal analyzer (101) is provided with ion detection modules for various types of heavy metals, and the ion detection modules are provided with ion selective electrodes; the ion selective electrodes include a reference electrode and a measuring electrode, the reference electrode and the measuring electrode form a potential difference, and the heavy metal ion concentration is detected according to the potential difference; The multi-channel variable frequency metering pump (102) comprises a plurality of independently controlled metering pump channels, which are divided into two categories: a pre-treatment channel and a post-treatment pump channel, wherein the pre-treatment channel is used to add a heavy metal remover to preliminarily treat the pickling waste liquid to obtain a primary acid solution, and the post-treatment channel is used to quantitatively add a chelating resin for treating various heavy metal ions to the primary acid solution, and a reactor is provided between the outlet of the pre-treatment channel and the inlet of the post-treatment channel; each metering pump channel is in communication connection with the control unit (300); The recovery module (103) collects the pickling waste liquid after the chelating resin is added and separates the acid liquid for reuse; the recovery module (103) comprises a collection pump (103a) and a liquid storage tank (103b).

3. The pickling waste liquid recycling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heavy metal analyzer (101) further comprises a data processor, which is used to receive the detection signal of the ion selective electrode and convert it into heavy metal concentration data, and transmit it to the data acquisition module (203) in real time; Each metering pump channel comprises a variable frequency motor, a peristaltic pump head and a chelating resin storage tank, and when the control unit (300) detects that the change rate of the heavy metal ion concentration exceeds a first preset threshold, a graded response mechanism is started; the graded response mechanism comprises a first level response, a second level response and a third level response; The first level response is to initiate monitoring and early warning: the heavy metal analyzer (101) and the sampling points A and B arranged at the inlet and outlet of the reactor simultaneously shorten the sampling cycle and increase the data collection frequency. If the continuous sampling data show that the heavy metal ion concentration continues to change, the second level response is initiated; if the continuous sampling data show that the heavy metal ion concentration fluctuates within a stable range, the normal sampling cycle is restored; The second-level response is to adjust the water inlet condition: reduce the feed rate of the collection pump (103a) and increase the residence time of the pickling waste liquid in the treatment unit (100); if the treatment effect is improved after the residence time is adjusted, maintain the current water inlet condition; if the treatment effect is not improved, start the third-level response; The third level response is to optimize the dosage of the reagent: the variable frequency motor gradually adjusts the speed according to the buffer curve, gives priority to adjusting the pre-treatment channel, and after the speed stabilizes, adjusts the speed of the corresponding chelating resin channel in turn; if the treatment effect is improved, the current process parameters are recorded; if the treatment effect of a certain heavy metal ion still does not meet the requirements, the residence time of the treatment unit (100) is increased.

4. The pickling waste liquid recycling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control strategy module determines the speed adjustment priority according to the ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix of each heavy metal ion and other heavy metal ions, and calculates the first element in the interaction matrix. i Heavy metal ions and other heavy metal ions j The ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix; determining the adjustment priority of each heavy metal ion according to the ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix; for the heavy metal ions with a large ratio of the elements of the interaction matrix, increasing the speed adjustment weight coefficient of the corresponding metering pump, while reducing the speed adjustment weight coefficient of the metering pump corresponding to other heavy metal ions; the speed adjustment weight coefficient is equal to the speed ratio of the metering pump; The control strategy module also achieves ratio optimization by maintaining the overall dosage of the reagent unchanged and adjusting the speed ratio; at the same time, the control strategy module determines the metering pump speed adjustment timing according to the fluctuation period of the heavy metal ion concentration, pH value and conductivity displayed in the characteristic spectrum, and gradually adjusts the metering pump speed according to the preset step value when the heavy metal concentration, pH value and conductivity exceed their respective target ranges; when these parameters return to the target range, the metering pump speed is directly adjusted to the target value; at the same time, according to the real-time fluctuation amplitude of the heavy metal ion concentration, pH value and conductivity, the change step of the metering pump speed is proportionally calculated and adjusted; when multiple heavy metal ions experience abnormal fluctuations at the same time, the control strategy module determines the key heavy metal ions through the eigenvalue decomposition of the interaction influence matrix, sets the metering pump adjustment priority according to the eigenvalue size, and maintains the ratio balance between the heavy metal ions with adjacent priorities; The operation optimization module evaluates the treatment effect of the optimal rotation speed and dosing ratio parameter combination in real time. If the heavy metal ion removal rate and the chelation reaction rate fluctuate, the interaction influence matrix is ​​automatically updated according to the preset calculation cycle, and the optimal rotation speed and dosing ratio parameter combination is recalculated based on the updated interaction influence matrix and the treatment effect is evaluated; If the concentration-ratio-efficiency state space analysis value exceeds the second preset threshold, the metering pump speed and ratio parameters are adjusted step by step according to the preset control rules, and the change of heavy metal ion concentration during the adjustment process is recorded; If it is necessary to determine the optimization order of control parameters, the key control variables are identified based on the impact weight value and response time of each control parameter and the optimization adjustment sequence is established according to the order of importance.

5. The pickling waste liquid recycling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collecting pump (103a) pumps the pickling waste liquid treated with chelating resin added by the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump (102) into the liquid storage tank (103b) for solid-liquid separation; the liquid storage tank (103b) separates the chelating resin-heavy metal complex and the recycled acid liquid by sedimentation, and transports the separated recycled acid liquid to the monitoring unit (200); The delivery module (303) comprises a delivery pump (303a) and a pipeline system (303b).

6. A method for recycling pickling waste liquid, based on the pickling waste liquid recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are included: The concentration of each heavy metal ion in the pickling waste liquid is detected by a heavy metal online analyzer (101) in the processing unit (100), and corresponding chelating resins are added to the pickling waste liquid according to the concentration of each heavy metal ion by a multi-channel variable frequency metering pump (102) to obtain a recycled acid solution; The pH value and conductivity data of the recycled acid solution are collected in real time by means of a pH sensor (201) and a conductivity sensor (202) in the monitoring unit (200), and the pH value, conductivity data and heavy metal ion concentration data are input as monitoring data into a control unit (300) by means of a data collection module (203), so as to establish a monitoring database; The industrial computer (301) in the control unit (300) calculates optimal control parameters in real time based on the monitoring data in the monitoring database, and automatically adjusts the multi-channel variable frequency metering pump (102) according to the optimal control parameters to transport the reused acid solution to the pickling process for reuse.

7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the pickling waste liquid recycling system described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the pickling waste liquid recycling system described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

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