Vibrating head power guide shoe

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of cementing tools, specifically a vibrating head power guide shoe, comprising a power assembly, a swing joint assembly, and a vibrating head assembly. The vibrating head power guide shoe converts the energy of the internal drilling fluid into rotational and vibratory forces. By aligning the swing joint assembly and the vibrating head assembly, the casing shoe head rotates and vibrates within a defined range. This provides a reaming function, better completing casing running operations and wellbore trimming, and providing good preparation conditions for cementing operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum equipment, and in particular relates to a vibrating head type power guide shoe used for running casing and repairing and cleaning wellbores. Background Art

[0002] The drilling and completion industry is currently facing the challenge of deeper and deeper wells, especially in the eastern South China Sea, where the reservoir characteristics are "low, marginal, dense, and deep." Development is becoming increasingly difficult, with an increasing number of extended-reach wells, more marginal oil fields, and increasingly complex wellbore trajectories. These factors are making casing installation increasingly difficult and risky. Failure to properly install casing will cause significant trouble for future operations, and may even lead to failure.

[0003] Casing running is a critical step in the cementing process and one of the most problematic aspects of the entire drilling process. With most oil and gas field development in China entering the mid-to-late stages, oil and gas exploration and development are moving into complex areas such as unconventional, deep formations, and deepwater. This poses a significant challenge to the smooth running of the casing string. Casing run-in resistance can extend the running time and even cause the casing to be pulled out of the wellbore and unable to reach the intended depth. This not only impacts the normal progress of drilling operations but can, in severe cases, lead to the scrapping of the entire well. During the casing running process, the casing relies on its own gravity to be lowered along the wellbore. This is affected by factors such as the wellbore trajectory, wellbore stability, drilling fluid properties, casing string stiffness, and centralizers, leading to frequent casing stuck accidents.

[0004] Based on the above reasons, it is of great significance to develop a vibrating head type power guide shoe for application in the field of oil equipment. The vibrating head type power guide shoe uses high-pressure drilling fluid to generate power to drive the guide shoe head to rotate, and the rotation is accompanied by high-frequency vibration; when the casing lowering operation encounters resistance, it moves up and down several times to allow the guide pipe to pass. If it still cannot pass, the casing is lifted to a free state, the pump circulation is started on the ground, and the turbine drives the front guide shoe to rotate and drill the hole, pass the resistance point, and lower it to the bottom. During the entire lowering process, the casing string or tail pipe string does not rotate, thereby effectively avoiding damage to the casing and casing accessories. The relatively independent high-frequency vibration of the guide shoe effectively stirs the cuttings and scrapes the well wall more finely to form a better quality wellbore. It is of great significance to the existing casing lowering operation and provides a unique design idea. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a vibrating-head powered guide shoe to address the difficulties associated with casing running operations described in the background art and improve wellbore cleaning and finishing capabilities. With this vibrating-head powered guide shoe, only the rocking and vibrating assemblies experience significant vibration displacement, while the remaining components, the attached casing, and casing accessories are minimally affected by the vibration. The vibrating guide shoe significantly improves the wellbore cleaning effect, while the smooth wellbore ensures smooth casing passage, contributing to improved cementing results.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a vibrating head type power guide shoe, which is characterized in that: the vibrating head type power guide shoe is located under the casing string and is connected to the casing string, including a power assembly, a swing joint assembly, and a vibrating head assembly: the power assembly includes an upper joint, a filter cartridge, an anti-drop pressure head, an overcurrent pressure plate, a stator upper pressure ring, a turbine stator, a turbine rotor, a rotor lower pressure ring, a stator lower pressure ring, a turbine casing, a string bearing, a lower plug, a turbine core shaft, a rotor upper pressure ring, a limit bearing A, and a limit bearing B; the turbine stator and rotor provide power for rotational scraping for the lower structure.

[0007] The rocking joint assembly includes a movable hinge cover, a torsion movable hinge head, and a movable hinge joint; the connecting part of the movable hinge joint and the torsion movable hinge head is an inner arc surface, and the two fit tightly; the inner bottom surface of the movable hinge cover is a circle of grooves evenly distributed in the circumference, and the degree of screwing in of the thread between the movable hinge cover and the movable hinge joint is adjusted, and the space between the groove and the movable hinge joint changes accordingly, thereby affecting the vibration displacement of the lower guide shoe head to cope with complex naked eye conditions; the movable hinge joint is connected to the turbine core shaft through a thread, and the movable hinge joint and the lower plug rotate relative to each other. The torsion movable hinge head is a spherical structure with a flow channel for liquid circulation in the middle, and 8 small ball heads are evenly distributed around the spherical surface. The movable hinge cover and the movable hinge joint are connected through a thread, and there are independent small grooves corresponding to the small ball heads inside it. The torsion movable hinge head is a two-layer thread design, which is connected to the vibrating body shell through a straight thread and connected to the vibration upper joint through a tapered thread;

[0008] The vibrating head assembly includes a vibrating body shell, a flow collecting tube, a vibrating lower joint, a guide shoe head, a guide shoe connector, a limit bearing C, an eccentric power rod, a limit bearing D, and a vibrating upper joint; the eccentric power rod rotates under the action of high-pressure drilling fluid and generates violent vibrations in an eccentric dynamic unbalanced state; the guide shoe head scrapes the well wall in multiple dimensions under the combined action of rotation and vibration; three water outlets are opened on the vibrating upper joint, and most of the liquid in the flow channel flows into the annulus formed by the vibrating body shell, the flow collecting tube and the guide shoe connector through these three water outlets, and the eccentric power rod rotates under the action of high-pressure drilling fluid to generate high-frequency vibrations; the eccentric power rod is connected to the vibrating upper joint and the vibrating lower joint through rotating bearings A and rotating bearings B respectively so that they can rotate independently, the vibrating lower joint is connected to the guide shoe connector through a spline, the vibrating body shell and the vibrating lower joint are connected by threads, the flow collecting tube is pressed against the inner cavity wall of the vibrating body shell, and the guide shoe head is connected to the guide shoe connector through threads;

[0009] The rocking joint assembly rotates together with the vibration head assembly, and the torsional movable hinge head and the parts below it generate vibrations with a certain displacement amplitude under the vibration of the vibration head assembly.

[0010] There are three circumferentially evenly distributed waist-shaped grooves on the overflow pressure plate to allow drilling fluid to circulate. The filter cartridge is evenly distributed with small holes around it, which is pressed against the end face of the overflow pressure plate through the upper joint. The overflow pressure plate presses the turbine stator through the stator upper pressure ring to achieve axial limitation of the turbine stator; the rotor upper pressure ring and the rotor lower pressure ring are used to limit the axial position of the rotor. The stator lower pressure ring not only limits the stator but also limits the direct impact of drilling fluid on the turbine casing; the rotor lower pressure ring and the turbine core shaft are provided with matching holes, the turbine casing and the lower plug are connected by threads, and a dynamic seal is used between the lower plug and the movable hinge joint.

[0011] The hinge cover presses the torsion hinge head onto the hinge joint through a thread. The six independent chambers formed by the hinge cover and the hinge joint can be adjusted to adjust the vibration amplitude of the device.

[0012] The eccentric power rod is an eccentric screw structure with dynamic unbalance characteristics. It rotates independently inside the vibrating body shell under the action of drilling fluid, generating high-frequency vibration; the guide shoe connector and the vibration lower connector are connected to each other through a spline, and the guide shoe connector is also provided with three evenly distributed waist-shaped through holes; the guide shoe head and the guide shoe connector are connected through a thread, and there are three water holes on the guide shoe head; when the guide shoe head rotates to cut the wellbore, the head maintains high-frequency vibration, the cutting teeth scrape the well wall, and the rock cuttings are stirred at the same time.

[0013] The lower vibrating head assembly generates high-frequency vibrations under the action of drilling fluid. Due to the degree of freedom of the swing joint, the guide shoe generates high-frequency vibrations, and the casing string and casing accessories connected to the upper part are less affected by the vibration. While the guide shoe finely scrapes the well wall, it stirs the accumulated cuttings bed, achieving a more ideal wellbore dressing effect and creating good prerequisites for subsequent operations.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Compared with the traditional guide shoe, the present invention provides power to the guide shoe head while having an adjustable vibration displacement. (2) Compared with the screw, the circulating pressure is lower, and the power can ensure effective eye clearance with low counter-torque. (3) The vibrating guide shoe head greatly improves the efficiency and quality of eye clearance, effectively prevents the formation of cuttings beds, eliminates "dog legs", and smoothes the well wall to ensure smooth casing lowering while having minimal impact on the casing itself. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the vibrating head type power guide shoe of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 1The names of the parts are: 1-upper joint, 2-filter cartridge, 3-anti-drop pressure head, 4-flow pressure plate, 5-turbine housing, 6-turbine stator, 7-turbine rotor, 8-rotor lower pressure ring, 9-stator lower pressure ring, 10-series bearing, 11-turbine core shaft, 12-stator upper pressure ring, 13-rotor upper pressure ring, 14-limit bearing A, 15-limit bearing B, 16-lower plug, 17-living hinge joint, 18-torsion living hinge head, 19-living hinge cover, 20-vibrating body housing, 21-vibrating upper joint; 22-flow focusing cylinder, 23-rotating bearing A, 24-eccentric power rod, 25-rotating bearing B, 26-vibrating lower joint, 27-guide shoe connector, 28-guide shoe head, 29-cutting tooth;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the vibrating head type power guide shoe of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a BB cross-sectional view of the vibrating head type power guide shoe of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a CC cross-sectional view of the vibrating head type power guide shoe of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is the 18-torsion movable hinge head of the vibration head type power guide shoe of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 The 24-eccentric power rod of the vibrating head type power guide shoe of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0023] In order to make the characteristics, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is as follows: the upper joint 1 is connected to the upper casing string. When the auxiliary casing operation encounters resistance, it moves up and down several times to guide the casing through; if it still cannot pass, the casing is lifted to a free state, the pump is turned on according to the recommended displacement, and the casing is slowly lowered to control and try to pass; the drilling fluid flows into the upper joint 1, is filtered through the filter cartridge 2, and then flows into the turbine group through the flow pressure plate 4, and then flows into the flow channel of the turbine core shaft 11 from the opening on the rotor lower pressure ring 8 and the turbine core shaft 11. Under the drive of the turbine, the turbine core shaft 11 starts to rotate, and the turbine core shaft 11 is connected to the movable hinge. The head 17 is a threaded connection, and the movable joint 17 rotates with the turbine core shaft 11; at this time, the small ball joint on the torsion movable joint 18 plays a role similar to a spline, transmitting the torque to the lower parts; the drilling fluid enters the cavity of the vibrating body shell 20 from the diversion port on the vibrating upper joint 21, providing a power source for the rotation of the eccentric power rod 24, and the two ends of the eccentric power rod 24 are connected to other parts by bearings to ensure its free rotation; finally, the drilling fluid flows through the flow channel of the guide shoe connector 27, flows out from the water hole of the guide shoe head 28, and impacts the rock cuttings.

[0025] See also Figure 2 There are three circumferentially evenly distributed arc-shaped slot structures on the flow pressure plate, which ensures that sufficient drilling fluid enters the power part while leaving enough installation space for the rotating bearing A23 and the rotating bearing B25 to meet the rotation requirements of the turbine core shaft 11.

[0026] See also Figure 3 , there are 8 small ball joints evenly distributed on the spherical surface of the main body of the torsion movable joint 18. These 8 small ball joints are placed in the space formed by the movable joint cover 19 and the movable joint 17. While transmitting torque, they also have a certain degree of freedom to ensure the vibration displacement range of the lower guide shoe head;

[0027] See also Figure 4 The eccentric power rod 24 generates power through the drilling fluid. It has a waist-shaped slot through-hole and an eccentric structure. Under the action of the drilling fluid, the eccentric power rod starts to rotate and generates high-frequency vibration. The vibrating body assembly composed of the components below is connected to the torsional hinge head 18 to generate high-frequency micro-swing, which has a highly efficient cleaning effect on the well wall.

[0028] See also Figure 5 The vibration lower joint 26 is connected to the guide shoe connector 27 through a spline. The spline step of the vibration lower joint 26 is used to implement axial limit on the vibration part. The guide shoe connector 27 also has a flow arrangement similar to the flow pressure plate 4.

[0029] In a specific implementation example, the upper part of the vibrating head power guide shoe is connected to the casing string. When encountering a candied haws wellbore, there is an obstruction below the casing. The ground personnel start the pump, and the drilling fluid drives the vibrating head power guide shoe to start working. The guide shoe head rotates and is accompanied by high-frequency vibration, preventing rock cuttings from accumulating and compacting at the bottom of the well, and grinding and crushing large-particle rock cuttings; greatly improving the speed of casing lowering and the quality of the well wall.

Claims

1. Vibrating head type power guide shoe, characterized by: The upper part of the vibration head type power guide shoe is connected to the centralizer, including the power assembly, swing joint assembly, and vibration head assembly: The power assembly comprises an upper joint (1), a filter cartridge (2), an anti-drop pressure head (3), an over-flow pressure plate (4), a stator upper pressure ring (12), a turbine stator (6), a turbine rotor (7), a rotor lower pressure ring (8), a stator lower pressure ring (9), a turbine housing (5), a series bearing (10), a lower plug (16), a turbine core shaft (11), a rotor upper pressure ring (13), a limit bearing A (14), and a limit bearing B (15); the power assembly transmits power downward through the turbine core shaft (11); The swing joint assembly includes a hinge cover (19), a torsion hinge head (18), and a hinge joint (17); the hinge joint (17) is connected to the turbine core shaft (11) through a thread, the hinge joint (17) and the lower plug (16) rotate relative to each other, the torsion hinge head (18) is a spherical structure, a flow channel for liquid circulation is provided in the middle, and 8 small ball heads are evenly distributed around the sphere, the hinge cover (19) is connected to the hinge joint (17) through a thread, and an independent small groove corresponding to the small ball head is provided inside the hinge head (18), and the torsion hinge head (18) is a two-layer thread design, connected to the vibration body shell (20) through a straight thread, and connected to the vibration upper joint (21) through a tapered thread; The vibrating head assembly comprises a vibrating body shell (20), a flow collecting tube (22), a vibrating lower joint (26), a guide shoe head (28), a guide shoe connector (27), a rotating bearing A (23), an eccentric power rod (24), a rotating bearing B (25), a vibrating upper joint (21), and a cutting tooth (29); three water outlets are provided on the vibrating upper joint (21), and most of the liquid in the flow channel flows into the annulus formed by the vibrating body shell (20), the flow collecting tube (22) and the guide shoe connector (27) through the three water outlets. The eccentric power rod (24) is in the high pressure The eccentric power rod (24) is connected to the upper vibration joint (21) and the lower vibration joint (26) through the rotating bearing A (23) and the rotating bearing B (25) respectively so as to rotate independently. The lower vibration joint (26) is connected to the guide shoe connector (27) through a spline. The vibrating body shell (20) is connected to the lower vibration joint (26) through a thread. The flow collecting tube (22) is pressed against the inner cavity wall of the vibrating body shell (20). The guide shoe head (28) is connected to the guide shoe connector (27) through a thread. The rocking joint assembly and the vibration head assembly rotate together, and the torsion movable hinge head (18) and its lower parts generate vibrations with a certain displacement amplitude under the vibration of the vibration head assembly; The over-current pressure plate (4) is provided with three waist-shaped grooves evenly distributed in the circumferential direction for the circulation of drilling fluid. The filter cartridge (2) is provided with evenly distributed small holes around its body and is pressed against the end face of the over-current pressure plate (4) through the upper joint (1). The over-current pressure plate (4) presses the turbine stator (6) through the stator upper pressure ring (12) to achieve axial limitation of the turbine stator (6); the rotor upper pressure ring (13) and the rotor lower pressure ring (8) are used to limit the axial position of the rotor, and the stator lower pressure ring (9) not only limits the stator but also limits the direct impact of the drilling fluid on the turbine housing (5); the rotor lower pressure ring (8) and the turbine core shaft (11) are provided with matching holes, the turbine housing (5) and the lower plug (16) are connected by threads, and a dynamic seal is used between the lower plug (16) and the movable hinge joint (17).

2. The vibrating head type power guide shoe according to claim 1 is characterized in that The hinge cover (19) presses the torsion hinge head (18) onto the hinge joint (17) through a thread, and the six independent chamber spaces formed by the hinge cover (19) and the hinge joint (17) can be adjusted to adjust the vibration amplitude of the device.

3. The vibration head type power guide shoe according to claim 1 is characterized in that The eccentric power rod (24) is an eccentric screw structure with a dynamic unbalance characteristic, and rotates independently inside the vibrating body housing (20) under the action of drilling fluid to generate high-frequency vibration; the guide shoe connector (27) and the vibration lower connector (26) are connected to each other through a spline, and the guide shoe connector (27) is also provided with three waist-shaped through holes evenly distributed; the guide shoe head (28) is connected to the guide shoe connector (27) through a thread, and the guide shoe head (28) is provided with three water holes; when the guide shoe head rotates to cut the wellbore, the head maintains high-frequency vibration, the cutting teeth scrape the well wall, and the rock cuttings are stirred at the same time.

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