A soft rock tunnel excavation and support system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and discloses a soft rock tunnel excavation support system, which comprises two support frames composed of a plurality of support frame assemblies and connecting assemblies, the support frame assembly comprises a support rod, a convex knob is arranged on the support rod, the connecting assembly comprises a connecting plate arranged on the support rod, the convex knob is rotationally connected to the connecting plate, part of the side portions of the connecting plates are fixed with stable protrusions, a retaining rod and a linkage bolt are threadedly connected to the stable protrusions, the side portions of the support rods are provided with positioning assemblies, the positioning assembly comprises a stable sleeve fixed to the side portion of the support rod, and a positioning rod is movably sleeved in the stable sleeve, the folded support frame is transported into the tunnel in a pre-installation mode, the support frame is unfolded to support the tunnel through traction, the use rate of hoisting equipment can be reduced, vibration generation can be reduced, and the dismounting and mounting of the support can be quickly completed, and the safety of the support construction is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel support, in particular to a soft rock tunnel excavation support system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The soft rock tunnel refers to the tunnel constructed under the soft rock or weak rock geological conditions, and the soft rock tunnel is often located in the unstable geological environment, the rock strength and stability are poor, deformation and collapse are prone to occur, and the hydrological conditions are complex, the water seepage problem is more serious, and the drainage and waterproof measures need to be done well.

[0003] The support system of the soft rock tunnel is an important structure for ensuring the safety and stability of the tunnel under the soft rock or weak rock geological conditions, and due to the characteristics of the soft rock, the support device needs to have high strength, good adaptability and stability.

[0004] At present, most of the traditional soft rock tunnel excavation support methods adopt the sectional excavation method, and after excavating a section of the tunnel, the support steel frame structure is spliced and built in the tunnel, and due to the complicated construction of the support steel structure and slow progress, and in the process of construction, the hoisting equipment and construction technology are prone to generate large vibration, and due to the different characteristics of the soft rock tunnel, the stability is poor, and after being subjected to vibration, deformation and collapse are prone to occur when the support steel structure is built, which poses certain danger to the construction personnel. SUMMARY

[0005] (I) Technical problems solved

[0006] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present application provides a soft rock tunnel excavation support system, which has the advantages of being able to quickly complete the support work of the soft rock tunnel, and solves the problems of slow soft rock support method, easy generation of large vibration, high risk of tunnel deformation and collapse.

[0007] (II) Technical scheme

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a soft rock tunnel excavation support system, comprising two support frames composed of a plurality of support components and connecting components, the support component comprises a support rod, a knob is arranged on the support rod, a connecting component is arranged between adjacent support components, and the connecting component can realize the functions of folding and unfolding.

[0009] The connecting component comprises a connecting plate mounted on the support rod, and the knob is rotatably connected to the connecting plate, wherein a stable protrusion is fixed to the side of part of the connecting plate, a retaining rod and a connecting bolt are threadedly connected to the stable protrusion, the support frame as a whole can realize the effect of horizontal or vertical folding, the retaining rod is threadedly connected in the corresponding retaining hole, and the angle of the unfolded support frame is locked.

[0010] The side of the support rod is provided with a positioning assembly, the positioning assembly comprises a stable sleeve fixed on the side of the support rod, and a positioning rod movably sleeved in the stable sleeve, the positioning rod can smoothly extend and retract in the stable sleeve, the positioning rod can move outward while following the opening of the support frame, and is attached to a corresponding position in the tunnel, thereby fixing the position of the support frame.

[0011] The support frame is provided with a traction assembly, the traction assembly comprises a traction device, a traction groove is formed in the traction device, and a traction chain is arranged in the traction groove, one end of the traction chain is fixed on a linkage bolt, and the traction device is used for pulling the traction chain to open the support frame at both ends for supporting.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the side of the support rod is fixed with a connecting protrusion, a rotating wheel is rotatably connected in the connecting protrusion, a driving bevel gear is fixed on one end of the rotating wheel, and a transmission bevel gear is rotatably connected in the stable sleeve, and the driving bevel gear and the transmission bevel gear are meshed.

[0013] Through the above technical scheme, when the rotating wheel drives the driving bevel gear to rotate, the transmission bevel gear is reversely rotated.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above scheme, one end of the positioning rod is fixed with an extension rod, the extension rod is movably sleeved in the transmission bevel gear, and the other end of the positioning rod is fixed with a drill rod.

[0015] Through the above technical scheme, the transmission bevel gear drives the extension rod to rotate, so that the drill rod is drilled into the soft soil.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the side of the extension rod is provided with a linkage sliding groove, and a linkage protrusion is arranged in the transmission bevel gear and slidably connected in the linkage sliding groove.

[0017] Through the above technical scheme, the extension rod can move up and down while rotating.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above scheme, one end of the extension rod is fixed with a threaded rod, a connecting button is rotatably connected on one end of the threaded rod, a linkage plate is fixed on one end of the connecting button, and a moving rod is fixed on one end of the linkage plate.

[0019] Through the above technical scheme, the threaded rod rotates on the connecting button, and when the threaded rod moves in the vertical direction, the moving rod can be driven to move simultaneously.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a barb is rotatably connected on the moving rod, and a butt joint is formed on the side of the stable sleeve, and the barb is movably sleeved in the butt joint.

[0021] Through the technical scheme, the bar moves up and down in the vertical direction, and the bar is fixed to the tunnel wall or separated from the tunnel wall through the flip of the bar.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the stable sleeve is internally fixed with a stable plate, and the threaded rod is threadedly connected in the stable plate, and the moving rod is movably sleeved in the stable plate.

[0023] Through the technical scheme, the telescopic rod drives the threaded rod to rotate in the linkage plate, so that the positioning rod at the top end rotates and moves up and down in the vertical direction, and the moving rod moves smoothly in the stable plate.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the side of the rotating wheel is fixed with a hydraulic rod, and a sleeving ring is rotatably connected to one end of the hydraulic rod, and the sleeving ring is fixed on the traction chain.

[0025] Through the technical scheme, the traction chain is subjected to tension, so that the hydraulic rod drives the rotating wheel to rotate, and the output end of the hydraulic rod extends to form a supporting force between the traction chain and the support rod.

[0026] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the tractor is rotatably connected with a first gear and a second gear, and the two gears are meshed, and the side of the tractor is fixed with a driving motor, and the output end of the driving motor is fixed on any gear.

[0027] Through the technical scheme, the driving motor is used to drive the two gears to rotate.

[0028] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the side of the first gear and the second gear is fixed with a winding roller, and one end of the traction chain is fixed on the winding roller.

[0029] Through the technical scheme, the gear drives the winding roller to rotate, winds the traction chain, and makes the support frame open to support.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a soft rock tunnel excavation support system, which has the following

[0031] Advantages:

[0032] 1. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system adopts a pre-installation mode, and the folded support frame is transported into the tunnel, and the support frame is unfolded to support the tunnel through traction, so that the use rate of hoisting equipment can be reduced, vibration can be reduced, and the disassembly and assembly of the support can be quickly completed, and the safety of the support construction is improved.

[0033] 2. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system, through the traction force makes the support frame unfold, at the same time, the hydraulic rod drives the rotating wheel to rotate, the positioning rod is extended and drives the drill rod to drill into the corresponding position of the soil in the tunnel, at the same time, the barb is turned over and inserted into the tunnel side wall, and the triangular support force is formed between the hydraulic rod and the traction chain, which effectively improves the stability of the support, and when the support frame is disassembled and folded, the positioning rod and the barb can be operated reversely to be withdrawn, further improving the efficiency of disassembly and assembly of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the device of the application;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall connection structure of the support, connection and positioning assembly of the application;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of A in the application; Figure 1

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of B in the application; Figure 1

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the rotating wheel, positioning rod and barb of the application;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the stable plate, positioning rod and moving rod of the application;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the meshing structure of the driving and transmission bevel gears of the application;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the stable sleeve, positioning rod and barb of the application;

[0042] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the traction assembly of the application;

[0043] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the motor, first and second gears of the application.

[0044] In the drawings, the components represented by each reference numeral are listed as follows:

[0045] 1. Support frame;

[0046] 11. Support assembly; 111. Support rod; 112. Knob; 113. Connection lug; 114. Rotating wheel; 115. Driving bevel gear; 116. Hydraulic rod; 117. Sleeve ring;

[0047] ​​21, connecting assembly; 211, connecting plate; 212, stable lug; 213, retaining rod; 214, connecting bolt;

[0048] 31, positioning assembly; 311, stable sleeve; 312, stable plate; 313, threaded rod; 314, telescopic rod; 3141, connecting chute; 315, positioning rod; 316, transmission bevel gear; 3161, connecting lug; 317, connecting knob; 318, connecting plate; 319, moving rod; 320, barb; 321, butt joint; 322, drill rod;

[0049] 41, traction assembly; 411, tractor; 412, first gear; 413, second gear; 414, winding roller; 415, drive motor; 416, traction groove; 417, traction chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] Embodiment one

[0052] Please refer to Figures 1-2 and Figure 4 It is shown that the soft rock tunnel excavation support system proposed in the embodiment includes two support frames 1 composed of a plurality of support assembly 11 and connecting assembly 21. The support assembly 11 includes a support rod 111, and a knob 112 is arranged on the support rod 111. The connecting assembly 21 is installed between adjacent support assembly 11, which can realize the functions of folding and unfolding support.

[0053] The connecting assembly 21 includes a connecting plate 211 installed on the support rod 111, and the knob 112 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 211. Part of the side of the connecting plate 211 is fixed with a stable lug 212, and a retaining rod 213 and a connecting bolt 214 are threadedly connected to the stable lug 212. Holes are formed at both ends of the connecting plate 211, and the knobs 112 on adjacent support rods 111 are rotatably connected to the corresponding holes, so that the whole support frame 1 can realize the effect of horizontal or vertical folding. Through vertical folding, the effect of fine adjustment according to the width of the tunnel can be realized. Meanwhile, the both ends of the stable lug 212 are threadedly connected with the retaining rod 213, and a plurality of retaining holes are formed on the support rod 111, so that when the support frame 1 is horizontally opened to any angle, the retaining rod 213 is threadedly connected in the corresponding retaining hole, which realizes the locking effect of the opening angle, so that the support frame 1 can maintain at any angle for continuous support.

[0054] The supporting principle of the soft rock tunnel excavation supporting system is that, in use, the two supporting frames 1 are moved into the tunnel and placed at the two ends of a section of the tunnel, and the two supporting rods are gradually unfolded in the form of "< >" with the two connecting assemblies 21 as the center points by the traction force generated by the traction assembly 4 (see Embodiment 3 for details), until they are completely unfolded and attached to the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0055] Embodiment Two

[0056] As shown in Figures 1-8 On the basis of Embodiment One, the soft rock tunnel excavation supporting system further comprises a positioning assembly 31 mounted on the side of the supporting rod 111, the positioning assembly 31 comprising a stable sleeve 311 fixed on the side of the supporting rod 111, and a positioning rod 315 movably sleeved in the stable sleeve 311, the diameter of the positioning rod 315 being consistent with the diameter of the interface of the stable sleeve 311, so as to improve the stability of the extension and retraction of the positioning rod 315, and when the two supporting frames 1 are unfolded outward in the form of "< >", the positioning rod 315 moves outward at the same time and is attached to the top and bottom of the tunnel, thereby playing a role in fixing the position of the supporting frame 1.

[0057] The side of the supporting rod 111 is fixed with a connecting protrusion 113, a rotating wheel 114 is rotatably connected in the connecting protrusion 113, a driving bevel gear 115 is fixed on one end of the rotating wheel 114, and a transmission bevel gear 316 is rotatably connected in the stable sleeve 311, and the driving bevel gear 115 and the transmission bevel gear 316 are engaged.

[0058] When the rotating wheel 114 drives the driving bevel gear 115 to rotate, the transmission bevel gear 316 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction through the gear engagement.

[0059] One end of the positioning rod 315 is fixed with an extension rod 314, the extension rod 314 is movably sleeved in the transmission bevel gear 316, and the other end of the positioning rod 315 is fixed with a drill rod 322.

[0060] When the transmission bevel gear 316 rotates, the extension rod 314 is also driven to rotate, so that the drill rod 322 is drilled into the soft rock soil, thereby playing a role in fixing the position of the supporting frame 1 and avoiding the phenomenon of slipping during traction.

[0061] The side of the extension rod 314 is provided with a linkage sliding groove 3141, and the transmission bevel gear 316 is provided with a linkage protrusion 3161, which is slidingly connected in the linkage sliding groove 3141.

[0062] When the transmission bevel gear 316 rotates, the telescopic rod 314 is driven to rotate and move up and down synchronously under the action of the force of the side of the connecting block 3161 abutting against the side wall of the connecting chute 3141.

[0063] One end of the telescopic rod 314 is fixed with the threaded rod 313, the threaded rod 313 is rotationally connected with the connecting knob 317 at one end, the connecting knob 317 is fixed with the connecting plate 318 at one end, and the connecting plate 318 is fixed with the moving rod 319 at one end.

[0064] When the telescopic rod 314 drives the threaded rod 313 to rotate, the connecting knob 317 does not drive the connecting plate 318 to rotate, but when the telescopic rod 314 moves up and down, the moving rod 319 can move up and down simultaneously under the action of the connecting plate 318.

[0065] The moving rod 319 is rotationally connected with the barb 320, and the side of the stable sleeve 311 is provided with the butt joint 321, and the barb 320 is movably sleeved in the butt joint 321.

[0066] When the moving rod 319 moves upward, the barb 320 abuts against the top surface of the butt joint 321 and gradually moves outward, and is inserted into the side wall of the tunnel, and when the moving rod 319 moves downward, the barb 320 abuts against the bottom of the butt joint 321 and gradually moves inward, and is separated from the side wall of the tunnel, so that the support frame 1 and the tunnel side wall are quickly fixed and separated.

[0067] The stable sleeve 311 is fixed with the stable plate 312, and the threaded rod 313 is threadedly connected in the stable plate 312, and the moving rod 319 is movably sleeved in the stable plate 312.

[0068] When the telescopic rod 314 drives the threaded rod 313 to rotate, the telescopic rod 314 drives the positioning rod 315 to rotate under the action of the force of the side of the threaded rod 313 threadedly connected with the connecting plate 318, and the telescopic effect can be realized, and when the telescopic rod 314 moves up and down in the stable plate 312, the stability of the moving rod 319 moving in the vertical direction is ensured.

[0069] The retaining working principle of the soft rock tunnel excavation support system provided in the embodiment is as follows: when in use, under the traction of the traction assembly 4, the support frame 1 is unfolded, the sleeve joint ring 116 is pulled, the rotating wheel 114 is rotated, under the transmission of the driving and transmission bevel gear 316, the telescopic rod 314 is rotated and driven, under the force of the threaded rod 313 at the bottom end being connected with the inner thread of the stabilizing plate 312, the positioning rod 315 is rotated and moved upward, the drill rod 322 at the front end is drilled into the soil on the top surface and the ground in the tunnel, when the positioning rod 315 moves outwards from the stabilizing sleeve 311, the moving rod 319 is simultaneously moved by the linkage plate, the barb 320 at the side of the moving rod 319 is turned outward and inserted into the sidewall of the tunnel, and the support frame 1 is retained.

[0070] Embodiment three

[0071] Please refer to Figures 1-2 and Figures 9-10 The soft rock tunnel excavation support system provided in the embodiment further comprises the traction assembly 41 installed between the support frames 1 on the basis of the first embodiment, the traction assembly 41 comprises the tractor 411, the traction groove 416 is formed in the tractor 411, and the traction chain 417 is installed in the traction groove 416. One end of the traction chain 417 is fixed on the linkage bolt 214. When the tractor 411 operates, the traction chain 417 can be pulled inward, so that the support frames 1 at both ends can be expanded laterally and outward, and the support frames 1 can be supported on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0072] The hydraulic rod 116 is fixed on the side of the rotating wheel 114, the sleeve joint ring 117 is rotatably connected to one end of the hydraulic rod 116, and the sleeve joint ring 117 is fixed on the traction chain 417.

[0073] Under the action of the traction force, the support rod 111 is expanded, when the sleeve joint ring 117 is moved to a set distance, the hydraulic rod 116 is rotated around the connecting protrusion 113, and when the sleeve joint ring 117 is pulled to the limit, the output end of the hydraulic rod 116 is extended to form a supporting force on the support rod 111.

[0074] The first gear 412 and the second gear 413 are rotatably connected in the tractor 411, the two gears are engaged, the side of the tractor 411 is fixed with the driving motor 415, and the output end of the driving motor 415 is fixed on any gear.

[0075] The output end of the driving motor 415 has a bidirectional rotation function, when the motor operates, the connected gear is rotated, and another gear is reversely rotated under the action of the gear engagement force.

[0076] The side of the first gear 412 and the second gear 413 is fixed with a winding roller 414, one end of the traction chain 417 is fixed on the winding roller 414.

[0077] When the two gears rotate synchronously, the winding roller 414 winds the installed traction chain 417, realizes the traction effect of the two end support frames 1, and makes the support frame 1 keep the supporting state. When the traction chain 417 is released, the support frame 1 can be quickly folded.

[0078] The working principle of the traction assembly of the soft rock tunnel excavation support system is: in use, the first gear and the second gear are driven to rotate by the driving motor 415, the traction chain 417 is wound by the winding roller 414, the traction force of pulling the two end support frames 1 to the middle part is generated, the support frame 1 is gradually unfolded in the shape of "< >", and the support frame 1 is completely unfolded for supporting.

[0079] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soft rock tunnel excavation support system, characterized by, The utility model provides a support frame, including two support frames which are composed of a plurality of support frame components and connecting components, the support frame component includes support pole, and the knob is arranged on the support pole, The connecting component includes the connecting plate installed on the support pole, and the knob is rotatably connected to the connecting plate, wherein the side of part of the connecting plate is fixed with the stable lug, and the retention rod and the linkage bolt are threadedly connected to the stable lug, The side of the support pole is provided with the positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly includes the stable sleeve fixed to the side of the support pole, and the positioning rod is movably sleeved in the stable sleeve, The traction assembly is installed between the support frames, and the traction assembly includes the tractor, the traction groove is formed in the tractor, the traction chain is installed in the traction groove, and one end of the traction chain is fixed to the linkage bolt, The side of the support pole is fixed with the connecting lug, the rotating wheel is rotatably connected to the connecting lug, the driving bevel gear is fixed to one end of the rotating wheel, the transmission bevel gear is rotatably connected to the stable sleeve, and the driving bevel gear and the transmission bevel gear are meshed, One end of the positioning rod is fixed with the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is movably sleeved in the transmission bevel gear, and the other end of the positioning rod is fixed with the drill rod, The side of the telescopic rod is provided with the linkage sliding groove, and the linkage lug is arranged in the transmission bevel gear and is slidably connected in the linkage sliding groove.

2. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system of claim 1, wherein: One end of the telescopic rod is fixed with the threaded rod, the connecting button is rotatably connected to one end of the threaded rod, the linkage plate is fixed to one end of the connecting button, and the moving rod is fixed to one end of the linkage plate.

3. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system of claim 2, wherein: The barb is rotatably connected to the moving rod, and the side of the stable sleeve is provided with the butt joint, and the barb is movably sleeved in the butt joint.

4. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system of claim 3, wherein: The stable plate is fixed in the stable sleeve, the threaded rod is threadedly connected in the stable plate, and the moving rod is movably sleeved in the stable plate.

5. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system of claim 1, wherein: The side of the rotating wheel is fixed with the hydraulic rod, the sleeving ring is rotatably connected to one end of the hydraulic rod, and the sleeving ring is fixed to the traction chain.

6. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system of claim 1, wherein: The first gear and the second gear are rotatably connected in the tractor and are meshed, the side of the tractor is fixed with the driving motor, and the output end of the driving motor is fixed to any gear.

7. A soft rock tunnel excavation support system according to claim 6, characterised in that: The side of the first gear and the second gear is fixed with the winding roller, and one end of the traction chain is fixed to the winding roller.

Images