A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system based on a rule engine, which relates to the field of intelligent regulation of photovoltaic greenhouses and includes: a photovoltaic unit, a photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit, a crop recognition unit, a data transmission unit, an integrated control unit, and a regulation unit. The regulation unit is used to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit and / or control the environmental regulation equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instructions generated by the integrated control unit, adjust the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and crop recognition data to realize the adjustment of the lighting environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse, and / or control the environmental regulation equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent regulation of photovoltaic greenhouses, and specifically, to a photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system based on a rule engine. Background Art

[0002] Modern agricultural production is facing the challenges of improving energy efficiency and achieving sustainable development. With the increasingly severe global climate change and environmental problems, green ecology, high quality and high efficiency have become important directions for agricultural development. The emergence of photovoltaic greenhouse technology combines solar power generation with modern greenhouse technology, effectively utilizes renewable energy, and reduces the burden on the ecological environment. Photovoltaic greenhouses convert solar energy into electrical energy through photovoltaic modules installed on the greenhouse roof, which is used for equipment such as supplementary lighting, ventilation, and irrigation in the greenhouse to achieve energy self-sufficiency.

[0003] In the existing intelligent greenhouse technology, CN118605660A discloses an intelligent control method for agricultural greenhouses based on the Internet of Things. This method extracts biological characteristics and environmental characteristics from biological data and environmental data, calculates the matching coefficient of environmental data, and can compare whether the current greenhouse crops are suitable for the greenhouse environment. And in the rule engine, the difference value between the matching coefficient and the environmental characteristics and the standard environmental characteristics is used to correspond to the equipment to be regulated and adjusted, so that the adjustment can accurately match the growth situation and environment of the greenhouse crops, improving the efficiency of managing greenhouse crops.

[0004] However, for the adjustment of the greenhouse light intensity, this method adopts a scheme of shading with a sunshade board. This scheme requires additional construction of a sunshade board, which undoubtedly increases the construction cost of the greenhouse. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and crop recognition data to achieve the adjustment of the light environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse, and / or control the environmental regulation equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0006] The present invention adjusts the light intensity in different areas of the greenhouse based on the crop category and the growth situation of the crops without additionally installing a sunshade board.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system based on a rule engine, and the system includes:

[0008] A photovoltaic unit, which is used to generate electrical energy based on solar energy and store the electrical energy for use by electrical equipment in the photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system;

[0009] A photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit, which is used to monitor the photovoltaic greenhouse environment to obtain photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data;

[0010] A crop recognition unit, which is used to recognize the crop category, crop name, crop growth stage and crop location in the photovoltaic greenhouse to obtain crop recognition data;

[0011] A data transmission unit, which is used to transmit the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop recognition data to the integrated control unit in real time, and transmit the control instructions issued by the integrated control unit to the regulation unit;

[0012] An integrated control unit, which is used to generate corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop recognition data, and issue the control instructions to the data transmission unit;

[0013] A regulation unit, which is used to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit and / or control the environment regulation equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instructions.

[0014] Among them, in a photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system based on a rule engine of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation and energy storage devices are integrated through a photovoltaic unit to provide a stable power supply for the electrical equipment in the greenhouse photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system. The photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop recognition data are respectively obtained through the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit and the crop recognition unit, and then the data is transmitted to the integrated control unit in real time through the data transmission unit. The integrated control unit is the core of the photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system of the present invention, and a rule engine component is configured inside it. The rule engine can concurrently process the data from the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit and the crop recognition unit, automatically make decisions according to the preset rules, and at the same time generate corresponding control instructions and send them to the regulation unit to realize the intelligent and automatic management of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0015] Among them, the integrated control unit in this system can judge whether the current environment is suitable for the current crop growth based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop recognition data, generate corresponding control instructions based on the judgment result, issue the control instructions to the data transmission unit, and then use the regulation unit to regulate the environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instructions to adjust it to a growth environment suitable for the current crop. The environmental adjustment methods include adjusting the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit, that is, adjusting the light, and / or controlling the environment regulation equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse. The environment regulation equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse can be one or several of temperature, humidity, and light.

[0016] In a traditional photovoltaic greenhouse system, the photovoltaic units are generally fixedly deployed, that is, their arrangement and position are fixed and unchanged. Therefore, it is impossible to adjust the environment inside the greenhouse by adjusting the photovoltaic units. Moreover, it will even increase the construction cost of the greenhouse due to the shading of sunlight by the photovoltaic units or the occupation of land. Based on this, the present invention adopts a mobile photovoltaic unit design, and the photovoltaic units are deployed on the top of the greenhouse. The arrangement and position of the photovoltaic units are adjusted by a control unit, so that the amount or intensity of light irradiated to different positions inside the greenhouse changes, realizing the environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse, thus omitting the construction of a shading system and not occupying extra land, saving resources while reducing the construction cost of the greenhouse.

[0017] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic unit includes: a plurality of first movable components, a plurality of second movable components, a slide rail component and a controller; the slide rail component is fixed on the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and both the first movable component and the second movable component are slidably connected to the slide rail component. The controller is used to control the positions of the first movable component and the second movable component based on the control instructions of the control unit. The first movable component and the second movable component are respectively loaded with a non-transparent photovoltaic panel and a transparent photovoltaic panel.

[0018] Among them, the first movable component and the second movable component can move on the slide rail by using the sliding connection with the slide rail component. The controller is used to control the positions of the first movable component and the second movable component on the slide rail. The first movable component and the second movable component are respectively loaded with a non-transparent photovoltaic panel and a transparent photovoltaic panel. By the first movable component and the second movable component stopping at different positions on the slide rail, different arrangement and positions of the non-transparent photovoltaic panel and the transparent photovoltaic panel are realized. Since the non-transparent photovoltaic panel can block sunlight and the transparent photovoltaic panel can transmit sunlight, the adjustment of the sunlight irradiation position in the photovoltaic greenhouse is realized, and thus the positions of the non-transparent photovoltaic panel and the transparent photovoltaic panel can be adjusted according to the sunlight requirements for crop growth.

[0019] It should be noted that the transparent photovoltaic panel, namely the transparent luminescent solar concentrator (TLSC), is a solar photovoltaic device that can convert windows or glass into solar photovoltaic cells, and has the advantages of high transparency, good aesthetics, and simplified structure. In the photovoltaic greenhouse control system of the present invention, the transparent photovoltaic panel can not only generate electricity using solar energy, but also allow sunlight to pass through itself and enter the interior of the photovoltaic greenhouse. The non-transparent photovoltaic panel, namely the conventional photovoltaic panel, does not have light transmissibility compared with the TLSC and can block sunlight. The different arrangements and position distributions of the non-transparent photovoltaic panel and the transparent photovoltaic panel correspond to the changes in the light amount (or light intensity) in different regions of the photovoltaic greenhouse, thereby realizing the regulation of the environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0020] In the existing photovoltaic greenhouse systems, generally only non-transparent photovoltaic panels are used, and they are usually fixedly deployed on the top or adjacent positions of the greenhouse. When the photovoltaic modules are deployed on the top of the greenhouse, they will inevitably block part of the natural sunlight shining into the greenhouse. Therefore, when the light is insufficient, the greenhouse often needs to be supplemented with artificial light, resulting in a waste of energy.

[0021] If the photovoltaic modules are deployed on the open spaces around the greenhouse, although the blocking of light can be avoided, it will occupy land resources. In addition, due to the possible situation of too strong light, this method usually requires the installation of special sunlight blocking facilities in the greenhouse, which will undoubtedly further increase the construction and maintenance costs of the system.

[0022] The photovoltaic unit of the present invention not only does not need to occupy additional space, but also can realize the function of a sunshade by using the light-impermeable property of the conventional photovoltaic panel, effectively solving the above problems.

[0023] Among them, the comprehensive control unit determines whether the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse need light based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data. If light is needed, the comprehensive control unit obtains the incident angle of the current sunlight relative to the roof of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and based on the incident angle and the first planting area of the crops, calculates and obtains the first penetration area corresponding to the roof of the photovoltaic greenhouse through which the sunlight directly shines on the first planting area, and adjusts the photovoltaic panels corresponding to the first penetration area to transparent photovoltaic panels.

[0024] Among them, based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data, it can be determined whether the crop needs light. If light is needed, the integrated control unit needs to control the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit so that sunlight shines through the transparent photovoltaic panels and then onto the crop planting area. Since there is a certain height between the photovoltaic panels and the planting area, and there is a certain incident angle between sunlight and the photovoltaic greenhouse, in order to accurately move the photovoltaic panels so that sunlight can accurately shine on the corresponding crop planting area, the present invention obtains the incident angle of the current sunlight relative to the roof of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and then based on the incident angle and the first planting area of the crop, accurately calculates the first penetration area corresponding to the roof of the photovoltaic greenhouse through which sunlight directly shines on the first planting area. Then, the photovoltaic panels corresponding to the distribution of the first penetration area are adjusted to transparent photovoltaic panels, so that sunlight can shine through the first penetration area and accurately shine on the corresponding crop planting area.

[0025] Among them, based on the incident angle and the first planting area of the crop, calculating the first penetration area corresponding to the roof of the photovoltaic greenhouse through which sunlight directly shines on the first planting area specifically includes:

[0026] Based on the first planting area of the crop, obtain the contour coordinate information of the first planting area;

[0027] Based on the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information, the height of the planting area from the roof of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and the incident angle, calculate the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information of the first penetration area;

[0028] Based on the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information of the first penetration area, obtain the first penetration area.

[0029] Among them, a three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed. Through image recognition, the first planting area of the crop and the contour coordinate information of the first planting area can be obtained. Assume that the points on the contour of the first planting area are the first points, and then the normal line passing through the first points is obtained. This normal line is perpendicular to both the crop planting plane and the photovoltaic greenhouse roof plane at the same time. The intersection point of this normal line and the photovoltaic greenhouse roof plane is the second point. A right triangle is constructed in the vertical plane. This right triangle includes the first right side located in the photovoltaic greenhouse roof plane and the second right side formed by the connection line between the first point and the second point. And the angle between one of the non-right angles, that is, the first right side and the hypotenuse of the right triangle, is obtained through the incident angle, and then the size of the other non-right angle can be obtained. In the right triangle, when the three angles and one side length of the right triangle are known, the sine and cosine theorems can be applied to calculate the size of the first right side. Furthermore, through the size of the first right side, the coordinate point information corresponding to the first point in the first penetration area can be obtained. By adopting the above calculation method for each point, the contour coordinate information corresponding to the entire first penetration area can be obtained.

[0030] Among them, when the outdoor sunlight is sufficient and it is detected that the light of a certain crop at a certain position in the greenhouse is insufficient, the non-transparent photovoltaic panels at the corresponding position on the greenhouse roof are driven to be replaced with transparent photovoltaic panels, so that sunlight can directly supplement the light of the crop at this place through the transparent photovoltaic panels, reducing the use of artificial light sources and saving energy.

[0031] For another example, when the light intensity at a certain position is too strong and may cause damage to the working leaves, the non-transparent photovoltaic panels are driven to block this place, so as to ensure that the environment in the greenhouse always maintains the best state for crop growth.

[0032] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit includes:

[0033] An air temperature sensor for collecting air temperature data in the photovoltaic greenhouse;

[0034] An air humidity sensor for collecting air humidity data in the photovoltaic greenhouse;

[0035] An irradiance sensor for collecting irradiance data inside and outside the photovoltaic greenhouse;

[0036] A soil humidity sensor for collecting soil humidity data in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0037] Among them, air temperature, air humidity, light intensity, and soil humidity are key factors affecting crop growth and need to be strictly controlled. The air temperature sensor, air humidity sensor, irradiance sensor, and soil humidity sensor can accurately perceive these factors.

[0038] Among them, the specific manner in which the crop recognition unit obtains crop recognition data is as follows:

[0039] Construct a spatial coordinate system; using the spatial coordinate system, coordinate annotation can be carried out, and then the coordinates of the target in the image, such as the coordinates of the crop, can be obtained;

[0040] The crop recognition unit captures a first image of the crop planting area;

[0041] Based on the spatial coordinate system, the first image is analyzed to obtain coordinate data of the planting area, and the crop position is obtained based on the coordinate data of the planting area;

[0042] The first image is analyzed to determine whether there is a crop identity code in the first image. If there is, the crop category and crop name are obtained based on the crop identity code; if not, the first image is analyzed to obtain a crop local feature map, and the crop category and crop name are obtained by analyzing the local feature map; the first image is analyzed to obtain crop growth size information, and the crop growth stage is obtained based on the crop growth size information, crop category, and crop name; among them, the crop local features include: crop leaves and / or stems and / or flower features.

[0043] Among them, the key point of the present invention is to identify and obtain the crop category and crop name, and then adopt corresponding environmental regulation according to different crop categories and crop names to meet the different crop growth requirements. Therefore, the present invention needs to accurately identify the crops. However, the applicant's research found that during the seedling stage or the nursery period of the crops, the seedlings of many crops are very similar and cannot be distinguished because the roots, stems, and leaves have not fully developed and have not blossomed during the seedling period, and the characteristics are not obvious. Therefore, in order to accurately identify the crops, the present invention can obtain the name and category of the crops through the crop identity code on the border or frame of the planting area. If the crop is not in the seedling stage, then its leaves are likely to have blocked the crop identity code, and the name and category of the crops cannot be obtained through the crop identity code. However, at this time, the crop has grown and formed, and its distinguishing features from other crops are obvious, and it can be accurately identified through the model. For example, the roots, stems, and leaves have developed well and may have blossomed, so the name and type of the crops can be accurately identified. The crop recognition unit in the system of the present invention can accurately identify crops at different growth stages through the above methods.

[0044] Among them, the system further includes:

[0045] A first detection unit, which is used to detect faults in each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit; if a faulty photovoltaic panel is detected, the comprehensive control unit issues an instruction to the regulation unit, and the regulation unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement;

[0046] A second detection unit, which is used to perform surface detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit to obtain a surface detection result; based on the surface detection result, it is judged whether the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged and whether there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; if the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged, the integrated control unit issues an instruction to the regulation unit, and the regulation unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the integrated control unit issues a purging instruction to the purging unit;

[0047] A purging unit, which is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the purging instruction.

[0048] Among them, a photovoltaic greenhouse usually has a large volume and requires a large number of photovoltaic panels to cover the top. The photovoltaic panels are prone to damage or failure during use and need to be repaired or replaced. In the traditional method, since the photovoltaic panels are fixed and cannot be moved, the first method is: when someone needs to repair, they climb onto the photovoltaic greenhouse roof and then walk to the location of the damaged photovoltaic panel through professional walking equipment for repair or replacement. The second method is: use a hoisting tool to hoist the repair personnel above the damaged photovoltaic panel and then carry out repair or replacement; among them, the first method requires professional walking equipment, with a high cost, and it is easy to scratch or damage other photovoltaic panels during the walking process. The second method requires hoisting equipment, which is inconvenient to use, requires a large site area and has a high cost. However, the photovoltaic panels in this system can be moved. After the first detection unit discovers that a certain photovoltaic panel fails, the faulty photovoltaic panel is moved to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement. At this time, the repair personnel only need to set up a ladder to carry out replacement and repair, without the need for professional walking equipment or hoisting equipment, with a low cost, little restriction on the site requirements, and not easy to damage other photovoltaic panels.

[0049] Among them, the applicant's research found that the surface of the photovoltaic panel is prone to damage, scratching, cracking or having an obstruction during use. Surface damage, scratching or cracking will cause the inability to generate electricity or a decrease in power generation efficiency, and the presence of an obstruction on the surface will also lead to a decrease in power generation efficiency. Therefore, in order to detect the surface damage and obstruction of the photovoltaic panel, the present invention designs a second detection unit, which can perform surface detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit to obtain a surface detection result; based on the surface detection result, it is judged whether the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged and whether there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; specifically, a real-time image of the surface of the photovoltaic panel can be obtained and compared with a standard image to obtain a difference image, and the difference image can be identified to judge whether the surface is damaged and whether there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0050] If the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged, the integrated control unit issues an instruction to the regulation unit, and the regulation unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement, enabling quick and convenient repair or replacement of the damaged photovoltaic panel; if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the integrated control unit issues a purging instruction to the purging unit. Usually, the obstructions on the surface of the photovoltaic panel are fallen leaves. A large number of fallen leaves will block sunlight, resulting in a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. Using the purging unit to blow off the obstructions such as fallen leaves from the surface of the photovoltaic panel can enable the photovoltaic panel to generate electricity normally.

[0051] Among them, the purging unit includes:

[0052] An unmanned aerial vehicle and a purging device. The unmanned aerial vehicle is used to carry the purging device to fly above the photovoltaic panel to be purged based on the purging instruction, and to move with the purging device during the purging process, and to return or fly to the next photovoltaic panel to be purged with the purging device after the purging is completed; the purging device is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the purging instruction.

[0053] Among them, the present invention designs the purging unit. Using an unmanned aerial vehicle to carry a purging device can purge the photovoltaic panel with obstructions on its surface, eliminating the need for manual climbing to the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse for cleaning, resulting in higher efficiency.

[0054] Among them, in the existing photovoltaic greenhouse environment regulation system, an overall regulation strategy is adopted, that is, the environmental parameters inside the entire greenhouse are uniformly adjusted. At the same time, in order to improve the utilization efficiency of the greenhouse space and economic benefits, growers often cultivate multiple different crops in the same greenhouse. Under this multi-crop co-planting mode, the overall regulation strategy lacks sufficient pertinence and flexibility. Specifically, for the specific environmental parameters of a certain crop, it may not be conducive to the growth of other crops. For example, setting the optimal light intensity for a certain crop may cause other crops to be hindered in growth due to insufficient or excessive light.

[0055] Based on this, the present invention obtains information such as the name, category, location, and growth stage of the crop through the crop identification unit, and then adjusts the environment (such as light intensity, soil humidity, etc.) at this location based on this information, enhancing the pertinence and flexibility of the regulation system.

[0056] In some embodiments, the regulation unit is further used to regulate the air temperature, air humidity, irradiation intensity, and soil humidity of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instruction.

[0057] Among them, the regulation unit further includes:

[0058] A heating device, used to provide heating when the temperature is low and regulate the air temperature of the greenhouse;

[0059] A fan device, used for ventilation and cooling, and regulating the air temperature and air humidity in the greenhouse;

[0060] A wet curtain device, used for cooling and humidifying, and regulating the air temperature and air humidity in the greenhouse;

[0061] A supplementary lighting device, used for providing artificial light source when natural light is insufficient, and regulating the irradiation intensity in the greenhouse;

[0062] An irrigation device, used for watering crops, and regulating the soil humidity in the greenhouse.

[0063] In some embodiments, generating corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop recognition data specifically includes:

[0064] Obtaining the crop recognition data;

[0065] Matching the optimal environmental parameters corresponding to the crop category, crop name and crop growth stage based on a preset rule library;

[0066] Comparing the optimal environmental parameters with the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data;

[0067] Generating corresponding control instructions based on the comparison result and the crop position coordinates, and controlling the regulation unit to adjust the environment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0068] Among them, the present invention uniformly converts the optimal environmental conditions required for the normal growth of different crops at different growth stages into general semantic rules recognizable by a computer, and stores them in the rule library in the integrated control unit. Users can create, modify and delete rules in a visual way, which is beneficial to reducing the user's learning cost and improving the flexibility and scalability of the regulation system.

[0069] The integrated control unit real-time converts the original signals (such as digital signals or analog signals) of the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data received into semantics that can be compared with the above rules, and eliminates outliers generated due to sensor failures, measurement errors or other abnormal factors during this process, and then compares these data with the rules configured in the rule library. If the monitoring data does not meet the set conditions of the rules, an instruction to execute the corresponding operation is issued; if the monitoring data meets the rules, no operation is performed.

[0070] In some embodiments, the optimal environmental parameters are the optimal environmental parameters of the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0071] In some embodiments, the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse is determined through the following steps:

[0072] Based on the economic value of the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse in the market, an economic value evaluation result is obtained;

[0073] Based on the environmental sensitivity of the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse at different growth stages, an environmental sensitivity evaluation result is obtained;

[0074] Based on the market demand for the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse, a market demand evaluation result is obtained;

[0075] Based on the economic value evaluation result, the environmental sensitivity evaluation result, and the market demand evaluation result, the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse are prioritized to obtain the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0076] Among them, the present invention determines the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse by establishing a complete set of crop evaluation methods. This system includes three dimensions: economic value evaluation, environmental sensitivity evaluation, and market demand evaluation. By comprehensively considering these three dimensions, the crops that need to be focused on in the current greenhouse can be accurately identified. Subsequently, the system automatically adjusts the environmental conditions in the greenhouse according to the optimal environmental parameters of the crop to ensure that the crop is in the best growth state.

[0077] One or more technical solutions provided by the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0078] The present invention can adjust the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data and crop identification data to achieve the adjustment of the light environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse, and / or control the environmental control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0079] The present invention adjusts the light quantity in different areas of the greenhouse shed based on the crop category and the growth situation of the crops without installing additional sunshades.

[0080] The crop identification unit in the system of the present invention can accurately identify the crops at different growth stages.

[0081] The present invention can move the faulty photovoltaic panels to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement, without the need for professional walking equipment or hoisting equipment, with low cost, small site requirements, and not easily damaging other photovoltaic panels.

[0082] The present invention can detect the surface of the photovoltaic panels and automatically purge the obstacles.

[0083] By applying rule engine technology, the present invention realizes the efficient conversion of crop growth environment rules into computer-recognizable and executable semantics, constructs a set of rule bases and corresponding rule engines, and through the rule engines, realizes the automated and intelligent management of the regulation units in the photovoltaic greenhouse by the integrated control unit, breaks the phenomenon of data islands and information islands, improves the automation level of the environment regulation in the photovoltaic greenhouse, maintains the optimal environment for crop growth in real time, and improves the crop quality and yield.

[0084] The photovoltaic unit of the present invention adopts a combined configuration of non-transparent photovoltaic panels and transparent photovoltaic panels. By moving the two to form different arrangement patterns and position distributions on the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, on the one hand, it avoids the disadvantages of conventional non-transparent photovoltaic panels blocking incident sunlight or occupying land, and on the other hand, it also omits the construction of some sunlight shielding facilities in the photovoltaic greenhouse, saving costs.

[0085] The present invention collects the position information of the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse, which is beneficial to the targeted environmental regulation of the crops at that position and improves the flexibility of the system.

[0086] The present invention ranks different crops in the same photovoltaic greenhouse in terms of priority. When conflicts occur in the optimal environmental parameters required by different crops, the crops with the highest priority are satisfied first to ensure the highest economic value. Description of the Drawings

[0087] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, form a part of the present invention, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system based on a rule engine in the present invention;

[0089] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic unit;

[0090] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the coordinate points on the planting area of the photovoltaic greenhouse and the coordinate points on the penetration area;

[0091] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the purging unit;

[0092] Among them, 1 - photovoltaic greenhouse roof, 2 - non-transparent photovoltaic panel, 3 - transparent photovoltaic panel, 4 - slide rail assembly, 5 - drone, 6 - landing gear, 7 - fixed bracket, 8 - purging device. Detailed Embodiments

[0093] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0094] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described within the scope hereof. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0095] Embodiment 1;

[0096] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the composition of a photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system based on a rule engine. Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system based on a rule engine, and the system includes:

[0097] A photovoltaic unit, which is used to generate electric energy based on solar energy and store the electric energy for use by electrical equipment in the photovoltaic greenhouse regulation system;

[0098] A photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit, which is used to monitor the photovoltaic greenhouse environment to obtain photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data;

[0099] A crop identification unit, which is used to identify the crop category, crop name, crop growth stage, and crop location in the photovoltaic greenhouse to obtain crop identification data;

[0100] A data transmission unit, which is used to transmit the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data to the comprehensive control unit in real time, and transmit the control instructions issued by the comprehensive control unit to the regulation unit;

[0101] A comprehensive control unit, which is used to generate corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data, and issue the control instructions to the data transmission unit;

[0102] A regulation unit, which is used to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit and / or control the environmental regulation equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instructions.

[0103] Among them, in the embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic unit in the present invention includes a number of photovoltaic panels and corresponding power supply and electrical equipment, as well as a power supply and circuit processing and supporting facilities. The number of photovoltaic panels can be adaptively adjusted according to the size of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and the present invention does not make corresponding limitations in this regard. The photovoltaic power generation, transmission, use, and storage in the photovoltaic unit belong to the basic technologies in photovoltaic power generation, and the present invention does not make corresponding elaborations in this regard.

[0104] The data transmission unit can adopt wired transmission methods such as optical fibers or data lines, or wireless transmission methods such as Bluetooth or communication networks. The present invention does not make corresponding limitations.

[0105] The integrated control unit and the regulation unit can be corresponding computers, processors or controllers. The present invention does not make corresponding limitations.

[0106] Among them, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to enable the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit to move, the present invention improves the photovoltaic unit, and the photovoltaic unit includes:

[0107] A plurality of first movable components, a plurality of second movable components, a slide rail component and a controller; the slide rail component is fixed on the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and both the first movable component and the second movable component are slidably connected to the slide rail component. The controller is used to control the positions of the first movable component and the second movable component based on the control instructions of the regulation unit. The first movable component and the second movable component are respectively loaded with non-transparent photovoltaic panels and transparent photovoltaic panels.

[0108] Among them, the structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic unit is as Figure 2 shown Figure 2 In the figure, 1 is the roof of the photovoltaic greenhouse, 2 is the non-transparent photovoltaic panel, 3 is the transparent photovoltaic panel, and 4 is the slide rail component.

[0109] Among them, the first movable component and the second movable component are components that can move on the slide rail component, such as a sliding trolley, an electric slider, or a remote control car, etc., and can move, start, and stop on the slide rail component through corresponding control instructions. The specific implementation manners of the first movable component and the second movable component are not specifically limited in the present invention. The slide rail component can be a guide rail or a slide rail, etc. The guide rail or the slide rail can be arranged horizontally or vertically, or can be arranged in other ways. The embodiments of the present invention do not make corresponding limitations. The wheels of the sliding trolley are in contact with the guide rail and can move on the guide rail. The controller is connected to the driving component and the braking component in the first movable component and the second movable component, and is used to control the movement, start, and stop of the first movable component and the second movable component. The movement and control of the sliding trolley on the slide rail belong to the prior art, and the present invention does not make corresponding elaborations. For example, in order to adapt to the movement characteristics of the movable component, the corresponding connecting wires or electric wires of the photovoltaic module can be lengthened, or a rotatable connecting head can be used, or a flexible connection method can be used for connection, or other processing methods can be used. The embodiments of the present invention do not make corresponding limitations. Among them, both the upper surfaces of the first movable component and the second movable component are provided with fixed ends or fixing parts for fixing the photovoltaic panel, which are used to fix the photovoltaic panel. For example, it can be fixed by a buckle, fixed by a card slot, fixed by bonding, or fixed by a screw. The present invention does not specifically limit the fixing method. The slide rail component can include multiple slide rails, and the slide rails are laid flat in parallel on the surface of the photovoltaic roof, and the corresponding movable components are on each guide rail. Among them, in the embodiments of the present invention, the comprehensive control unit determines whether the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse need light based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop recognition data. If light is needed, the comprehensive control unit obtains the incident angle of the current sunlight relative to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, and based on the incident angle and the first planting area of the crop, calculates and obtains the first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof through which the sunlight directly irradiates and covers the first planting area, and adjusts the photovoltaic panels corresponding to the first penetration area to transparent photovoltaic panels.

[0110] Among them, the incident angle of the sunlight relative to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof can be measured by a sunlight angle measuring instrument or a measuring device. The measuring device can refer to CN210774002U, CN110608715A, etc. The embodiments of the present invention do not make corresponding limitations.

[0111] Among them, the comprehensive control unit determines whether the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse need light based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop recognition data. Specifically, if the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data shows that the temperature is relatively low or the light is insufficient, then light is needed, etc. The specific judgment method or basis can be adjusted according to actual needs. The embodiments of the present invention do not make corresponding limitations. Among them, please refer to Figure 3 ,Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the coordinate point A on the planting area of the photovoltaic greenhouse and the coordinate point B on the penetration area Figure 3 It can be seen that the incident angle is a, the coordinate point on the first planting area is A, the coordinates of A are known, the height h of the photovoltaic greenhouse is known, the magnitude of the incident angle a can be obtained, a right triangle AOB is constructed, a and b are acute angles, c is a right angle, h is known, and the length of the BO side can be calculated by the sine or cosine theorem. The coordinate information of O can be obtained by converting the coordinates of A and the height h. Based on the coordinates of O and the length of BO, the coordinates of B can be obtained, that is, the coordinate point information on the first penetration area can be obtained.

[0112] Among them, in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the incident angle and the first planting area of the crop, the first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof penetrated by the direct sunlight covering the first planting area is calculated and obtained, specifically including:

[0113] Based on the first planting area of the crop, the contour coordinate information of the first planting area is obtained; for example, if the first planting area is a rectangle, the contour of the first planting area is the four sides of the rectangle, and the coordinate information of the four sides of the rectangle needs to be obtained;

[0114] Based on the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information, the height of the planting area from the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, and the incident angle, the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information of the first penetration area is calculated; reference can be made to Figure 3 and the corresponding calculation method.

[0115] Based on the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information of the first penetration area, the first penetration area is obtained.

[0116] Among them, in the embodiment of the present invention, the specific method for the crop recognition unit to obtain crop recognition data is:

[0117] Construct a space coordinate system, such as an xyz coordinate system;

[0118] The crop recognition unit takes the first image of the crop planting area; the image can be obtained by shooting with a camera or a video camera or a camera, and the embodiment of the present invention does not make specific limitations

[0119] Based on the spatial coordinate system, analyze the first image to obtain the coordinate data of the planting area, and obtain the crop position based on the coordinate data of the planting area; the coordinate information of the target can be obtained through an image processing library or image processing software, such as using OpenCV to implement target detection and coordinate positioning, or using GetData to obtain the coordinate point data of the picture; by identifying the planting area in the image, the coordinate data of the planting area can be obtained, and then the position data of the crop can be obtained;

[0120] Analyze the first image to determine whether there is a crop identity code in the first image. If so, obtain the crop category and crop name based on the crop identity code; if not, analyze the first image to obtain a crop local feature map, and analyze the local feature map to obtain the crop category and crop name; analyze the first image to obtain crop growth size information, and obtain the crop growth stage based on the crop growth size information, crop category and crop name; wherein, the crop local features include: crop leaves and / or stems and / or flower features. Among them, the crop growth size information can be obtained by analyzing the crop image, the crop name and type can be obtained by separately targeting the image, and after obtaining the size and name of the crop, the growth stage of the current crop can be obtained by querying the crop growth database or comparison table;

[0121] Among them, the crop identity code can be a QR code or a bar code or text or numbers or a combination. By scanning to obtain the corresponding crop identity information, the crop category and crop name can be obtained.

[0122] Among them, analyzing the first image includes: using a target recognition model or the target recognition function of image processing software to identify the crop, then obtaining the complete crop image, identifying the leaves and / or stems and / or flowers of the crop from the complete crop image through the target recognition model or image processing software, then cropping to obtain the local image corresponding to the leaves and / or stems and / or flowers, and then identifying the category or name of the leaves and / or stems and / or flowers. Based on the recognition result, the crop category and crop name can be obtained, because the leaves and / or stems and / or flower features of different crops are different, such as the shape, size, color and quantity of the leaves, etc. In the embodiment of the present invention, the images of the leaves and / or stems and / or flowers of different crops can be collected first, then labeled to obtain a training set, and then the training set is used to train the target recognition model, and a target recognition model with the function of recognizing leaves and / or stems and / or flowers can be obtained.

[0123] Among them, in the embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes:

[0124] The first detection unit is used to detect faults in each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit. Each photovoltaic panel has a corresponding circuit, and detecting the voltage or current of this circuit can achieve the fault detection of the photovoltaic panel. Specifically, existing photovoltaic panel fault detectors or devices can be used, and the embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations. If a faulty photovoltaic panel is detected, the comprehensive control unit issues an instruction to the regulation unit, and the regulation unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement. Since each photovoltaic panel has a separate branch line, when a fault in this branch line is found, the number of the faulty photovoltaic panel can be obtained according to the number of the branch, and based on the number of the faulty photovoltaic panel, the identity information of the movable component carrying this faulty photovoltaic panel can be obtained, and then this movable component is controlled to move to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, that is, the side end point or the outermost edge on both sides, and then repair or replacement is carried out.

[0125] The second detection unit is used to perform surface detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit to obtain a surface detection result; based on the surface detection result, it is judged whether the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged and whether there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; if the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged, the comprehensive control unit issues an instruction to the regulation unit, and the regulation unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the comprehensive control unit issues a purging instruction to the purging unit.

[0126] The purging unit is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the purging instruction.

[0127] Among them, the surface detection of the photovoltaic panel can also be realized by artificial intelligence or deep learning or object recognition models. For example, images of several normal photovoltaic panels and photovoltaic panels with abnormal surfaces are collected, and the types of surface abnormalities are marked, and then a training set is obtained. The training set is used to train the object recognition model to obtain a model capable of recognizing surface abnormalities of the photovoltaic panel, such as whether the surface is damaged or whether there is an obstruction on the surface. Among them, when the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged or scratched, there will be scratches or cracks, and the color of the scratches or cracks is usually different from the color of the photovoltaic panel body. Therefore, these faults can be identified through training, and obstructions on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, such as leaves, can be identified by the object recognition model to determine the type of the obstruction.

[0128] Among them, if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the comprehensive control unit also sends the coordinate information of the photovoltaic panel with the obstruction to the drone, and the drone automatically flies above this coordinate point and then hovers. After hovering, the comprehensive control unit issues a purging instruction to the purging unit. After the purging unit is turned on, the drone moves forward or backward or circles at a constant low speed or follows other flight trajectories to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel with the obstruction, and purges the obstruction away from this photovoltaic panel.

[0129] After the shielding on the photovoltaic panel is purged, the drone continues to photograph the surface of the photovoltaic unit to check for any remaining shielding. If there is shielding, the purging process continues. Usually, the purging is carried out in a fixed or specified direction to prevent the shielding from staying between multiple photovoltaic panels, thereby improving the efficiency of purging the shielding.

[0130] In an embodiment of the present invention, the purging unit includes:

[0131] A drone and a purging device. The drone is used to fly above the photovoltaic panel to be purged with the purging device based on the purging instruction, move with the purging device during the purging process, and return or fly to the next photovoltaic panel to be purged with the purging device after the purging is completed. The purging device is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the purging instruction.

[0132] The purging device can be a blower or a hair dryer. The purging device can be fixed to the bottom of the drone through a fixing bracket. Usually, a drone with landing gears is selected. There is a hollow area between the landing gears that can be used to suspend the purging device between the landing gears through the fixing bracket. The purging direction of the purging device can be obliquely downward in the direction of the drone's flight. The specific orientation and inclination angle can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0133] If the surface shielding is snow, the comprehensive control unit controls the purging device to blow hot air to purge the snow, which helps the snow to melt quickly. Snow can affect the power generation of the photovoltaic device.

[0134] The comprehensive control unit is also used to record the cumulative time of purging the shielding on the surface of a single photovoltaic panel. When the cumulative time is greater than the threshold, the purging direction is changed to purge the shielding. The specific reason is that some leaves or impurities adhere closely to the surface of the photovoltaic panel. When the angle is not suitable, the pressure provided by the purging is not enough to blow the leaves off the surface of the photovoltaic panel. Therefore, changing the purging direction and angle can find the suitable angle and direction for purging the shielding, which is conducive to improving the purging effect.

[0135] The comprehensive control unit is also used to analyze the acquired image of the shielding to obtain the highest coordinate point of the shielding, that is, the highest point of the height of the shielding, and then obtain the side of the shielding closest to the highest point. Then, the side is purged. Since the leaves are irregular in shape, some of their areas will fit well with the photovoltaic panel, and the gap between the two is small. Purging this surface causes less pressure and it is not easy to blow the leaves away. By obtaining the side closest to the highest point, the side with a larger gap distance between the leaves and the photovoltaic panel can be obtained, and then purging this side can increase the pressure caused by the purging and improve the purging effect.

[0136] Among them, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which is a schematic structural diagram of the purging unit, Figure 4 where 5 is a drone, 6 is a landing gear, 7 is a fixed bracket, and 8 is a purging device.

[0137] Among them, the present invention also provides a fault handling method for a photovoltaic unit in the system, and the steps are as follows:

[0138] Step 1: Perform fault detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit. If a faulty photovoltaic panel is detected, execute Step 2; if no fault is detected, execute Step 3;

[0139] Step 2: The integrated control unit issues an instruction to the regulation unit, and the regulation unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement;

[0140] Step 3: Perform surface detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit to obtain a surface detection result; based on the surface detection result, determine whether the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged and whether there is an obstacle on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; if the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged, the integrated control unit issues an instruction to the regulation unit, and the regulation unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; if there is an obstacle on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the integrated control unit issues a purging instruction to the purging unit to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0141] The data transmission unit preferably integrates a data transmission unit with MQTT Broker function. As the core component in the MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol, MQTT Broker can support a large number of client connections, well meeting the requirements of using a large number of sensors in the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring. In addition, it also has advantages such as low energy consumption and high security.

[0142] Specifically, when there is sufficient outdoor sunlight and it is detected that the illumination of a certain specific crop at a certain location in the greenhouse is insufficient, the non-transparent photovoltaic panel at the corresponding position on the greenhouse roof is driven away and replaced with a transparent photovoltaic panel, so that sunlight can directly supplement the light to the crops at the target position through the transparent photovoltaic panel, reducing the use of artificial light sources and saving energy.

[0143] For another example, when the illumination intensity at a certain position is too high and may cause damage to the leaves of the crops, the non-transparent photovoltaic panel is driven to block that position, thereby ensuring that the environment in the greenhouse maintains the best state for crop growth.

[0144] Among them, the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit may include one or several of the following sensors:

[0145] An air temperature sensor for collecting air temperature data in a photovoltaic greenhouse;

[0146] An air humidity sensor for collecting air humidity data in a photovoltaic greenhouse;

[0147] An irradiance sensor for collecting irradiance data inside and outside a photovoltaic greenhouse;

[0148] A soil humidity sensor for collecting soil humidity data in a photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0149] Among them, the specific quantity, type, and installation location of the sensors can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations.

[0150] It should be noted that collecting crop images and coordinate data of crops in a photovoltaic greenhouse, and an image recognition network model automatically recognizing crop names and growth stages based on the collected images are all prior arts that those skilled in the art can obtain, and the present invention does not elaborate on its principles. Obtaining coordinate data of crops in a photovoltaic greenhouse can refer to the published patent application CN116126733A; crop recognition can be constructed with reference to the published patent CN116030344A.

[0151] Among them, the regulation unit is further configured to regulate the air temperature, air humidity, irradiance intensity, and soil humidity of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instruction.

[0152] Among them, the regulation unit includes:

[0153] A heating device for providing heating when the temperature is low to regulate the air temperature in the greenhouse;

[0154] A fan device for ventilation and cooling to regulate the air temperature and air humidity in the greenhouse;

[0155] A wet curtain device for cooling and humidifying to regulate the air temperature and air humidity in the greenhouse;

[0156] A supplementary lighting device for providing artificial light when natural light is insufficient to regulate the irradiance intensity in the greenhouse;

[0157] An irrigation device for watering crops to regulate the soil humidity in the greenhouse.

[0158] For the specific specifications and models of the heating device, fan device, wet curtain device, supplementary lighting device, and irrigation device, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and the present invention does not make limitations thereon.

[0159] Among them, generating the corresponding control instruction based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop recognition data specifically includes:

[0160] Obtain the crop recognition data;

[0161] Match the optimal environmental parameters corresponding to the crop category, crop name, and crop growth stage based on a preset rule base;

[0162] Compare the optimal environmental parameters with the photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data;

[0163] Generate corresponding control instructions based on the comparison result and the crop position coordinates, and control the regulation unit to adjust the environment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0164] This embodiment provides a specific example, including the following steps:

[0165] S1. Configure rule semantics based on the optimal conditions required for the normal growth of different crops at different growth stages, and store them in the rule base. The semantic rules include the following content:

[0166] Crop category, crop name, crop growth stage, judgment conditions for crop growth, condition category, judgment logic, judgment threshold, operations to be performed after triggering the rule, controlled devices, operations to be performed on the devices, extended scripts for complex control instructions, execution time interval for each rule.

[0167] For example, a rule is: The control rule for the fruiting period of tomatoes is executed once every 30 minutes. Each time, it is judged whether the current light intensity is lower than 30,000 lux, and whether the SPAD value is lower than 40 (the SPAD value is a relative index of chlorophyll content, and the higher the value, the higher the chlorophyll content). If the light intensity is lower than 30,000 lux and the SPAD value is lower than 40, then start the power control device to execute the photovoltaic module arrangement script permutation.

[0168] Convert this rule into a semantic rule as follows:

[0169] Crop category: Cash crop;

[0170] Crop name: Tomato;

[0171] Crop growth stage: Fruiting period;

[0172] Judgment conditions for crop growth:

[0173] (1) Condition category: Light intensity, judgment logic: Lower than, judgment threshold: 30,000;

[0174] (2) Condition category: SPAD value, judgment logic: Lower than, judgment threshold: 40;

[0175] Operations to be performed after triggering the rule:

[0176] Controlled device: Power control device;

[0177] Operations performed on the device: Start;

[0178] Expansion script for complex control instructions: permutation;

[0179] Execution time interval for each rule: 1800000.

[0180] S2. Transmit the collected photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data and crop identification data to the integrated control unit in real time through the MQTT Broker. The integrated control unit obtains information such as the location, category, and growth stage of the crops, and converts the photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data into semantics that can be compared with the rules.

[0181] For example, the crop identification data shows that the tomatoes at a certain location in the greenhouse are in the fruiting stage at a certain moment, the photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data shows that the light intensity at that place is 20000 lux, and the SPAD value of the tomatoes is 32. Then the semantics after conversion and processing of this original digital signal are:

[0182] Light intensity: 20000, SPAD value 32.

[0183] S3. The integrated control unit further compares the converted semantics with the rules in the rule library. If the data does not meet the set conditions of the rules, corresponding instructions are issued to perform corresponding operations; conversely, if the data meets the rules, no operation is performed.

[0184] For example, the current light intensity value is 20000 lux, lower than the rule threshold of 30000 lux, and the SPAD value is 32, lower than the rule threshold of 40, triggering the rule to perform the corresponding operation.

[0185] S4. The integrated control unit generates control instructions and sends them to the regulation unit through the MQTT Broker.

[0186] For example, after triggering the light intensity control rule for the tomato fruiting stage, the operation to be performed is to start the power control device to execute the photovoltaic module arrangement script permutation to move the non-transparent photovoltaic panels at the corresponding position on the greenhouse roof away, so that sunlight can pass through to supplement the light for the tomatoes at that place.

[0187] It should be noted that according to the differences in the photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data and crop identification data, the permutation script will return different photovoltaic module arrangement methods to achieve the adjustment of the photovoltaic greenhouse environment.

[0188] Among them, as a message middleware, the MQTT Broker correctly distributes control instructions to each control device in the regulation unit.

[0189] Among them, environmental regulation devices such as heating devices, light supplement devices, and wet curtain devices are in a dormant state before receiving instructions. When receiving control instructions, they start to execute corresponding operations.

[0190] The rules involved in the above examples are only for explanatory purposes and can be adjusted according to actual needs. The present invention does not make specific limitations.

[0191] Among them, the optimal environmental parameters are the optimal environmental parameters of the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0192] Among them, the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse is determined through the following steps:

[0193] Based on the economic value of the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse in the market, an economic value evaluation result is obtained;

[0194] Based on the environmental sensitivity of the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse at different growth stages, an environmental sensitivity evaluation result is obtained;

[0195] Based on the market demand for the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse, a market demand evaluation result is obtained;

[0196] Based on the economic value evaluation result, the environmental sensitivity evaluation result, and the market demand evaluation result, the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse are ranked in priority to obtain the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0197] Among them, by obtaining the name of the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse and querying the selling price of the corresponding crops, it can be queried on the Internet, in a database, or on a vegetable trading website. The embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations. Based on the economic value in the market, that is, the selling price, the economic value evaluation result can be obtained. For example, if the selling price is lower than the first preset price, the economic value evaluation result is poor; if the selling price is higher than the first preset price and lower than the second preset price, the economic value evaluation result is medium; if the selling price is higher than the second preset price and lower than the third preset price, the economic value evaluation result is good; if the selling price is higher than the third preset price, the economic value evaluation result is excellent, and so on for evaluation methods. The economic value evaluation result can be reflected by the price. The specific embodiment method of the present invention does not make specific limitations. Among them, the first preset price is less than the second preset price, the second preset price is less than the third preset price, and the first to third preset prices can be set according to actual needs or according to the historical average price of the same period. The present invention does not make specific limitations.

[0198] Among them, the demand situation of the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse can be obtained through the demand data or purchase data released by the vegetable trading network, or the vegetable demand data released by the vegetable trading market, as well as the demand data of agricultural products regularly released by the statistical departments and statistical agencies of various countries. There are many ways to obtain the demand situation data of specific crops, and the embodiments of the present invention do not specifically limit them. After obtaining the crop market demand data, the market demand assessment result can be obtained. For example, if the market demand data is lower than the first preset demand, the market demand assessment result is poor; if the market demand data is higher than the first preset demand and lower than the second preset demand, the market demand assessment result is medium; if the market demand data is higher than the second preset demand and lower than the third preset demand, the market demand assessment result is good; if the market demand data is higher than the third preset demand, the market demand assessment result is excellent, and so on. The market demand assessment result can be reflected by the market demand data, and the specific reflection method is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present invention. Among them, the first preset demand is less than the second preset demand, the second preset demand is less than the third preset demand, and the first to third preset demands can be set according to actual needs or according to the average demand in the same historical period, and the present invention does not specifically limit them. For example, the excellent, good, medium, and poor assessment results can correspond to different scores. For example, excellent is 10 points, good is 8 points, medium is 5 points, and poor is 3 points.

[0199] Among them, the evaluation of the sensitivity of the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse to the environment at different growth stages includes:

[0200] S1. Divide each environmental factor into stages respectively, and assign a sensitivity coefficient of the crop to the environment at the corresponding stage. Among them, the sum of the environmental sensitivity coefficients of each stage of the same environmental factor is 1.

[0201] For example, in this embodiment, the environmental factor of air temperature is divided into three stages:

[0202] The first stage: 15 - 20 °C;

[0203] The second stage: 20 - 25 °C;

[0204] The third stage: 25 - 30 °C;

[0205] When the crop is in different temperature stages, it shows different sensitivities to temperature changes. Therefore, a temperature sensitivity coefficient is assigned to the crop in each temperature stage. For example, during the tomato fruiting period, when the temperature is in the second stage, its sensitivity to temperature changes is relatively low, while the sensitivity is relatively high in the second or third stage. Therefore, the sensitivity coefficients of the tomato fruiting period in each air temperature stage are set in sequence as: S 1 = 0.7, S 2 = 0.3, S 3 = 0.5.

[0206] Meanwhile, the air humidity is also divided into three stages:

[0207] The first stage: relative humidity below 30%;

[0208] The second stage: relative humidity of 30% - 70%;

[0209] The third stage: relative humidity above 70%;

[0210] The humidity sensitivity coefficients of the tomato fruiting period for the above - mentioned stages are set as follows: H 1 = 0.4, H 2 = 0.2, H 3 = 0.4.

[0211] S2. Calculate the average sensitivity of the crop to each environmental factor based on the environmental sensitivity coefficient.

[0212] For example, in this embodiment, the weighted average method is used to calculate the average sensitivity of the tomato fruiting period to air temperature according to the following formula:

[0213] The sensitivity to air temperature is M 空气温度 , and the calculation method is , where W i is the weight of the i - th temperature stage, S i is the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the i - th temperature stage.

[0214] When calculating, a certain weight needs to be assigned to each stage of the environmental factor. The weight can be determined according to the importance of the crop growth in this stage. For example, the tomato fruiting period is more conducive to increasing yield at 25 - 30 °C. Therefore, the weight in this stage is larger, set to 0.6, followed by 20 - 35 °C with a weight of 0.3, and the least is 15 - 20 °C with a weight of 0.1.

[0215] Finally, the average sensitivity of the crop to air temperature M 空气温度 = 0.7×0.1 + 0.3×0.3 + 0.5×0.6 = 0.46;

[0216] Calculate the average sensitivity of the tomato fruiting period to air humidity in the same way:

[0217] The sensitivity to air humidity is M 空气湿度 , , where W j is the weight of the j - th humidity stage, H j is the humidity sensitivity coefficient of the j - th humidity stage, M 空气湿度=0.4×0.2 + 0.2×0.6 + 0.4×0.2 = 0.28; where 0.2, 0.6, and 0.2 are the weights of each air humidity stage respectively.

[0218] S3. Combine the average sensitivities of each environmental factor to obtain the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index.

[0219] The combination can be carried out by methods such as weighted sum, product, geometric mean, etc. In this embodiment, the weighted sum method is used for combination. Here, only two environmental factors, air temperature and air humidity, are taken as examples, and the weights of both are assigned 0.5. Finally:

[0220] Comprehensive environmental sensitivity index = 0.46×0.5 + 0.28×0.5 = 0.37.

[0221] Among them, after obtaining the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index, the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index can be compared with the corresponding index threshold to obtain the environmental sensitivity evaluation result. For example, if the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index is greater than the first threshold, the environmental sensitivity evaluation result is easily sensitive; if the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index is less than the first threshold and greater than the second threshold, the environmental sensitivity evaluation result is sensitive; if the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index is less than the second threshold and greater than the third threshold, the environmental sensitivity evaluation result is not easily sensitive; if the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index is less than the third threshold, the environmental sensitivity evaluation result is not sensitive. Among them, the first to third thresholds decrease in sequence, and the numerical values of the first to third thresholds can be adjusted according to actual needs. In the embodiment of the present invention, no specific limitation is made. During the scoring process, different environmental sensitivity evaluation results can correspond to different scores. For example, not sensitive is 10 points, not easily sensitive is 8 points, sensitive is 5 points, and easily sensitive is 3 points.

[0222] The rules involved in the above examples are only for explanation and illustration, and the present invention does not make specific limitations.

[0223] After obtaining the economic value evaluation result, the environmental sensitivity evaluation result, and the market demand evaluation result, each result can be converted into a corresponding score, and then the scores can be summed to obtain the total score of each crop. The crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse can be ranked according to the total score to obtain the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse. Among them, in practical applications, corresponding weight coefficients can also be considered when calculating the scores according to the importance differences and other differences of the economic value evaluation result, the environmental sensitivity evaluation result, and the market demand evaluation result, so that the obtained total score can better reflect the value of the crop. The specific calculation methods of the total score and the scores are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0224] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications can be made to these embodiments by those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0225] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine, characterized in that: The system comprises: Photovoltaic unit, used to generate electricity based on solar power and store the electricity for use by electrical equipment in the photovoltaic greenhouse control system; A photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit is used to monitor the photovoltaic greenhouse environment and obtain photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data; A crop identification unit, used to identify the crop category, crop name, crop growth stage and crop location of crops in the planting area of ​​the photovoltaic greenhouse to obtain crop identification data; A data transmission unit, used to transmit the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data to the integrated control unit in real time, and to transmit the control instructions issued by the integrated control unit to the control unit; An integrated control unit, configured to generate corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data, and send the control instructions to the data transmission unit; A control unit, used to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit and / or control the environmental control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instruction; The photovoltaic unit comprises: A plurality of first movable components, a plurality of second movable components, a slide rail component and a controller; the slide rail component is fixed to the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, the first movable component and the second movable component are both slidably connected to the slide rail component, the controller is used to control the positions of the first movable component and the second movable component based on the control instructions of the control unit, and the first movable component and the second movable component respectively carry a non-transparent photovoltaic panel and a transparent photovoltaic panel; The integrated control unit determines whether the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse need light based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data. If light is needed, the integrated control unit obtains the incident angle of the current sunlight relative to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, and based on the incident angle and the first planting area of ​​the crop, calculates and obtains the first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof through which the sunlight directly covers the first planting area, and adjusts the photovoltaic panels distributed corresponding to the first penetration area to transparent photovoltaic panels; Based on the incident angle and the first planting area of ​​the crop, calculating and obtaining a first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof through which the sunlight directly covers the first planting area specifically includes: Based on the first planting area of ​​the crop, obtaining contour coordinate information of the first planting area; Calculate the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information of the first penetration area based on the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information, the height of the planting area from the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, and the incident angle; Obtaining the first penetration area based on coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information of the first penetration area; The system further comprises: A first detection unit, the first detection unit is used to perform fault detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit; if a faulty photovoltaic panel is detected, the integrated control unit sends an instruction to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; A second detection unit, the second detection unit is used to perform surface detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit to obtain a surface detection result; based on the surface detection result, it is determined whether the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged and whether there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; if the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged, the integrated control unit sends an instruction to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the integrated control unit sends a purge instruction to the purge unit; A purge unit, the purge unit is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on a purge instruction; The purge unit comprises: A drone and a purge device, wherein the drone is used to carry the purge device and fly above the photovoltaic panel to be purged based on the purge instruction, and to carry the purge device to move during the purge process, and to carry the purge device to return or fly to the next photovoltaic panel to be purged after the purge is completed; the purge device is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the purge instruction; The integrated control unit is also used to record the cumulative time of blowing away the shielding on the surface of a single photovoltaic panel, and when the cumulative time is greater than a threshold, the blowing direction is changed to blow away the shielding; The integrated control unit is further used to acquire an image of the shielding object, analyze and obtain the highest coordinate point of the shielding object, then obtain the side of the shielding object closest to the highest coordinate point, and then purge the side; The specific method for the crop identification unit to obtain the crop identification data is: constructing a spatial coordinate system; The crop recognition unit captures and obtains a first image of the crop planting area; Based on the spatial coordinate system, the first image is analyzed to obtain coordinate data of the planting area, and the position of the crop is obtained based on the coordinate data of the planting area; The first image is analyzed to determine whether there is a crop identification code in the first image, and if so, the crop category and crop name are obtained based on the crop identification code; if not, the first image is analyzed to obtain a crop local feature map, and the local feature map is analyzed to obtain the crop category and crop name; the first image is analyzed to obtain crop growth size information, and the crop growth stage is obtained based on the crop growth size information and the crop category and crop name; wherein the crop local features include: crop leaf and / or stem and / or flower features.

2. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generating corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data specifically includes: obtaining the crop identification data; Match the optimal environmental parameters corresponding to crop categories, crop names and crop growth stages based on a preset rule base; Comparing the optimal environmental parameters with the photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data; Based on the comparison results and the crop position coordinates, corresponding control instructions are generated to control the control unit to adjust the environment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

3. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optimal environmental parameters are the optimal environmental parameters for the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

4. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse is determined by the following steps: Based on the economic value of crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse in the market, the economic value assessment results are obtained; Based on the sensitivity of crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse to the environment at different growth stages, the environmental sensitivity assessment results are obtained; Based on the market demand for crops in photovoltaic greenhouses, the market demand assessment results are obtained; Based on the economic value assessment result, the environmental sensitivity assessment result and the market demand assessment result, the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse are prioritized to obtain the highest priority crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

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