Glacier and lake type debris flow on-line monitoring equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, in particular to glacier and ice lake type debris flow online monitoring equipment which comprises a stand column and a base connected to the bottom of the stand column. A sliding groove with an opening in one side is formed in the stand column in the height direction, a lifting mechanism is arranged in the sliding groove, a transverse rod is connected to the lifting mechanism in a sleeved mode, and the lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the height of the transverse rod. A sleeve is inserted into the cross rod, and a translation mechanism for driving the sleeve to translate in the horizontal direction is arranged in the cross rod; a rotating shaft is rotationally arranged at the end, away from the translation mechanism, of the sleeve and fixedly sleeved with a first rotating mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism. A first sealing cylinder is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve. According to the equipment, the equipment body can be protected and reinforced in time when the water level of water flow in a valley rises, meanwhile, the impact force of debris flow on the equipment can be reduced when the debris flow occurs, and the safety of the monitoring equipment is improved. In addition, the equipment can monitor the rainfall in real time through the water discharging frequency of the water collecting cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The patent of this invention relates to the field of geological disaster monitoring technology, specifically, to an online monitoring device for glacier and ice-lake type debris flows. Background Art

[0002] Glacial lake debris flow is a special landform formed by the erosion of snow and ice meltwater or glacial lake outburst floods, containing a large amount of mud, sand and rocks. Compared with rainstorm debris flow, this type of debris flow has obvious different characteristics. First, it is larger in scale and can carry more mud, sand and rocks. Secondly, glacial lake debris flow also flows for a longer time. This is because they usually occur on large bedrock hills where glaciers flow. When the ice layer fails to cover the hills completely, the ice flow erodes the ice slope and both sides, and moraine accumulates at the tail of the back ice surface, forming a large-scale debris flow. In addition, this type of debris flow often occurs in the summer and autumn seasons when the temperature rises and meltwater is concentrated. It can occur on sunny, cloudy and rainy days, showing the diversity of its occurrence conditions.

[0003] In the prior art, the monitoring of debris flow is all aimed at monitoring equipment for rainstorm debris flow, such as the real-time monitoring device for debris flow disclosed in the Chinese invention patent (CN116754009A). The detection equipment is provided with a turntable, and a connecting rod is provided at an equal arc length distance on the rotating surface of the turntable. The end of the connecting rod away from the turntable is fixed with a rotating blade. When a debris flow occurs, the flow of the debris flow pushes the rotating blade to rotate around the turntable. The speed sensor monitors the rotation speed of the turntable and calculates the flow rate of the debris flow. At the same time, a rain gauge is also provided to detect the rainfall in real time to predict the debris flow in advance.

[0004] However, for glacier ice lake type debris flow, hydrothermal conditions are the triggering factors of glacier debris flow, which are divided into two aspects: temperature and precipitation. The influence of temperature is a concept of long time scale, which affects the evolution of glaciers; while the influence of precipitation is a concept of short time scale, and the reaction of glacier debris flow to hydrothermal conditions has a certain lag. When the temperature rises, the glacier ice lake melts, and the water level in the valley will rise. Therefore, if you want to predict this type of debris flow in advance, it is not enough to just set up a rain gauge. Therefore, in view of the temperature triggering factor of glacier ice lake type debris flow, the applicant has proposed a monitoring device that can directly monitor the water flow velocity and water level in the valley to predict the occurrence of debris flow in advance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an online monitoring device for glacier ice lake debris flow, which can timely protect and reinforce the device body when the water level in the valley rises, and can reduce the impact of the debris flow on the device when the debris flow occurs, thereby improving the safety of the monitoring device. In addition, the device can also monitor the rainfall in real time through the frequency of water discharge from the water collection tube.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: an online monitoring device for glacier ice lake type debris flow comprises a column and a base connected to the bottom of the column; a slide groove with one side opening is opened in the column along the height direction, a lifting mechanism is arranged in the slide groove, a cross bar is sleeved on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the height of the cross bar; a sleeve is inserted in the cross bar, and a translation mechanism for driving the sleeve to translate in the horizontal direction is arranged in the cross bar; a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the end of the sleeve away from the translation mechanism, and a first rotating mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft; a sealing cylinder body 1 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve, and the pressurizing end of the pressurizing mechanism is located in the sealing cylinder body 1; a second rotating mechanism is rotatably installed at the end of the rotating shaft away from the sleeve;

[0007] The first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism both include a rotating disk, a plurality of connecting rods and a plurality of rotating blades; the ends of the plurality of connecting rods are fixedly installed along the side of the rotating disk and are arranged with equal arc lengths; the ends of the plurality of connecting rods away from the rotating disk are respectively fixedly connected to the plurality of rotating blades, and the length of the connecting rod of the first rotating mechanism is less than the length of the connecting rod of the second rotating mechanism;

[0008] The online monitoring device also includes two groups of stabilizing mechanisms; the stabilizing mechanisms include a fixed baffle, an airbag, a guide plate and a plurality of supporting units; the fixed baffles of the two stabilizing mechanisms are distributed on both sides of the base in a "human" shape, and the airbag is arranged between the guide plate and the fixed baffle; the plurality of supporting units are fixedly installed around the base, the air inlet end of the supporting unit is connected to the airbag, and the airflow flowing out of the airbag drives the supporting unit to reinforce the base; the fixed baffle is provided with an air leakage hole connected to the airbag, and a one-way valve is also arranged in the air leakage hole;

[0009] An air inlet pipe and an air injection pipe are fixedly installed at the end of the sealing cylinder body 1, and a one-way valve is installed in the air inlet pipe and the air injection pipe. The end of the air injection pipe away from the sealing cylinder body 1 is connected to two air bags at the same time;

[0010] The online monitoring device is also provided with a rainfall monitoring mechanism, which is used to monitor the rainfall in real time.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressurizing mechanism includes a half gear, a reciprocating ring and a piston; the half gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, the top and bottom of the reciprocating ring are both tooth surfaces, and the half gear can alternately engage with the two tooth surfaces when rotating; a piston is fixedly installed at the end of the reciprocating ring, and the piston slides along the inner seal of the sealing cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the supporting unit includes a connecting tube, a sealing cylinder body 2, a push rod, a spring 1 and a reinforcement plate; the two ends of the connecting tube are respectively fixedly connected to the airbag and the sealing cylinder body 2, one end of the push rod is located inside the sealing cylinder body 2 and is in sealed sliding contact, and the other end of the push rod is located outside the sealing cylinder body 2 and is fixedly connected to the reinforcement plate; the spring 1 is located inside the sealing cylinder body 2, and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the push rod and the end of the sealing cylinder body 2.

[0013] Furthermore, a fixing ring is provided around the base, and the sealing cylinders of the plurality of supporting units are all fixedly mounted on the fixing ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the one-way valve includes a support frame, a limiting ring, a spring three and a sealing baffle; the two ends of the spring three are respectively fixedly connected to the sealing baffle and the support frame; and the sealing baffle is in contact with the limiting ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism and the translation mechanism have the same structure, including a servo motor and a threaded rod, the output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded rod, the cross bar is sleeved on the threaded rod of the lifting mechanism, and the sleeve is sleeved on the threaded rod of the translation mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the rainfall monitoring mechanism includes a water collecting cylinder, a float, multiple U-shaped rods, a limit cylinder and two water discharge units; the water discharge unit is installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder to control the opening and closing state of the bottom of the water collecting cylinder, the limit cylinder is sleeved on the water discharge unit, the float is located in the water collecting cylinder, and the top of the float is connected to the top of the limit cylinder by a U-shaped rod; when the limit cylinder is in contact with the water discharge unit, the water discharge unit is in a closed state, otherwise it is open; a support rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, the water discharge unit includes a sealing cylinder body three, a transmission rod, a supporting roller, a spring two and a movable plate; the sealing cylinder body three is fixedly installed on the side wall of the water collecting cylinder, the movable plate is located in the sealing cylinder body three and slides, the movable plates of the two water discharge units can touch each other, the end of the movable plate is fixedly connected to the transmission rod, the end of the transmission rod away from the movable plate passes through the sealing cylinder body three and is fixedly connected to the support plate of the supporting roller, the spring two is sleeved on the transmission rod, and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing cylinder body three and the support plate of the supporting roller; a second air leakage hole is also opened in the side wall of the sealing cylinder body three, and the second air leakage hole is connected to the inside of the sealing cylinder body three when the two movable plates touch each other; a pressurizing device for pressurizing the inside of the sealing cylinder is also provided on the sealing cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, the pressurizing device includes a pressurizing pipe and a pressurizing pump. The pressurizing pipe is connected to the end of the sealing cylinder body 3, and the other end of the pressurizing pipe is connected to the exhaust end of the pressurizing pump. The pressurizing pump is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the water collecting cylinder.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a guide rod and a connecting frame, the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the guide rod, the connecting frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the water collecting cylinder, and the floating ball is sleeved on the guide rod.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. A first rotating mechanism and a second rotating mechanism are provided. The connecting rod length of the first rotating mechanism is shorter than the connecting rod length of the second transmission mechanism. At the same time, the pressurizing mechanism and the first rotating mechanism are both installed on the rotating shaft. Under the condition of normal valley water level, only the second rotating mechanism can be driven to rotate. When the water flow height rises, the first rotating mechanism can be rotated. In this way, not only can the occurrence of debris flow be predicted by measuring the change of water flow level, but also the power of the first rotating mechanism can be used to drive the pressurizing mechanism to pressurize and reinforce the airbag and the supporting unit, thereby enhancing the protective effect of the monitoring equipment. In addition, the flow velocity of the valley water flow can also be monitored in real time through the two sets of rotating mechanisms, providing more parameters for predicting debris flow.

[0022] 2. The two fixed baffles are arranged in a "human" shape, so that the debris flow that hits the front can be diverted and decompressed, improving the protection effect. In addition, an air bag is arranged between the fixed baffle and the guide plate, and the air bag is connected to the inside of the second sealing cylinder through a connecting pipe. In this way, under the impact of the debris flow, the gas in the air bag will rush into the second sealing cylinder, which not only achieves a buffering effect through the air bag, but also uses the internal gas to make the reinforcement plate of the support unit reinforce the equipment body;

[0023] 3. A movable plate is arranged in the sealing cylinder body 3, and the movable plate is connected to the supporting roller through a transmission rod. The supporting roller is limited by the limiting cylinder. A spring 2 is sleeved on the transmission rod. The two ends of the spring 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the supporting roller and the outer wall of the sealing cylinder body 3. At the same time, the floating ball and the limiting cylinder are connected through a U-shaped rod. In this way, when the water level in the water collecting cylinder rises, the floating ball floats along the water level line, and the limiting cylinder is lifted upward through the U-shaped rod. When the limiting cylinder is separated from the supporting roller, the movable plate is moved to both sides under the action of the spring 2, thereby releasing the rainwater in the water collecting cylinder; the staff can calculate the amount of rainfall by collecting the time from the closing to the opening of the movable plate;

[0024] 4. A guide rod is set in the water collecting tube, and the float is mounted on the guide rod. When the water level in the water collecting tube rises, the float can move stably along the direction of the guide rod, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the use of the rainfall monitoring mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an online monitoring device for glacier-ice-lake debris flow provided by embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the pressurizing mechanism and the sealing cylinder 1 provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 is a top view of a stabilizing mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rainfall monitoring mechanism in an initial state provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Cross-section at the middle BB;

[0032] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a rainfall monitoring mechanism provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention when the movable plate is in an open state after the water level rises;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of an online monitoring device for glacier-ice-lake debris flow provided in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals in the above drawings:

[0035] 1. Column; 2. Threaded rod; 3. Crossbar; 4. Air injection pipe; 5. Airbag; 6. Guide plate; 7. Fixed baffle; 8. Fixed ring; 9. Base; 10. Reinforcement plate; 11. Sealing cylinder 2; 12. Reciprocating ring; 13. Half gear; 14. Turntable; 15. Connecting rod; 16. Rotating blade; 17. Sealing cylinder 1; 18. Rotating shaft; 19. Sleeve; 20. Camera; 21. Water collecting cylinder; 22. Slide; 23. Servo motor; 24. Intake pipe; 25. Active Plug; 26. Connecting pipe; 27. Push rod; 28. Vent hole one; 29. ​​Spring three; 30. Sealing baffle; 31. Limiting ring; 32. Support frame; 33. U-shaped rod; 34. Limiting cylinder; 35. Support rod; 36. Movable plate; 37. Float; 38. Sealing cylinder three; 39. Transmission rod; 40. Pressurizing pipe; 41. Pressurizing pump; 42. Guide rod; 43. Connecting frame; 44. Support roller; 45. Spring two; 46. Vent hole two; 47. Spring one. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0038] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of this embodiment correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Reference Figure 1-8 The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1: An online monitoring device for glacier-glacial lake debris flow, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a column 1 and a base 9 connected to the bottom of the column 1; a slide groove 22 with one side opening is opened in the column 1 along the height direction, and a lifting mechanism is arranged in the slide groove 22, and a cross bar 3 is sleeved on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the height of the cross bar 3; the cross bar 3 is hollow inside and has an opening at the right end, a sleeve 19 is inserted in the cross bar 3, and a translation mechanism for driving the sleeve 19 to translate in the horizontal direction is installed in the cross bar 3; in this embodiment, the lifting mechanism and the translation mechanism have the same structure, and are both composed of a servo motor 23 and a threaded rod 2, The output end of the servo motor 23 is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded rod 2. In the lifting mechanism, the servo motor 23 is fixedly installed on the top of the slide 22, and the other end of the threaded rod 2 is connected to the bottom of the slide 22 by means of a bearing. The cross bar 3 is sleeved on the threaded rod 2, so that when the threaded rod 2 rotates, the height of the cross bar 3 can be adjusted; in the translation mechanism, the servo motor 23 is fixedly installed inside the cross bar 3, and the sleeve 19 is directly sleeved on the threaded section of the threaded rod 2, so that when the threaded rod 2 rotates, the sleeve 19 can be driven to extend outward or retract inward. The end of the sleeve 19 away from the translation mechanism is connected to a rotating shaft 18, and the rotating shaft 18 and the sleeve 19 are connected by means of a bearing. The first rotating mechanism and the pressurizing mechanism are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 18; a sealing cylinder 17 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve 19, and the pressurizing end of the pressurizing mechanism is located in the sealing cylinder 17; the end of the rotating shaft 18 away from the sleeve 19 is rotatably installed with a second rotating mechanism;

[0041] The first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism have the same structure. Figure 1As shown, it specifically includes a turntable 14, 8 connecting rods 15 and 8 rotating blades 16; the ends of the 8 connecting rods 15 are fixedly installed along the side of the turntable 14 and are set with equal arc lengths; the ends of the 8 connecting rods 15 away from the turntable 14 are fixedly connected to multiple rotating blades 16 respectively, and the length of the connecting rod 15 of the first rotating mechanism is less than the length of the connecting rod 15 of the second rotating mechanism; the method of judging whether the water level of the flowing water in the ditch rises by the two rotating mechanisms is that, under normal conditions, the height of the cross bar 3 is adjusted by the servo motor 23, so that the rotating blades 16 of the second rotating mechanism are just below the water level line, so that the second rotating mechanism can be driven to rotate when the water flows. In this embodiment, in order to be able to measure the flow velocity, a speed sensor can be set in the rotating shaft 18. The speed sensor is used to monitor the rotation speed of the turntable 14, and the water flow velocity can be obtained through the rotation speed and the length of the connecting rod 15. Under normal circumstances, the first rotating mechanism is not in contact with the water flow. If the upstream glacier and ice lake melts on a large scale, for example, the temperature rises, the water flow in the ditch will become larger and the water level will become higher. At this time, if the water flow hits the first rotating mechanism, the first rotating mechanism will also start to rotate. If the weather is sunny, it can be judged that the upstream glacier and ice lake has begun to melt in large quantities.

[0042] In order to improve the safety of monitoring equipment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the online monitoring device of this embodiment also includes two groups of stabilizing mechanisms; the stabilizing mechanisms include fixed baffles 7, airbags 5, guide plates 6 and two supporting units; the fixed baffles 7 of the two stabilizing mechanisms are distributed on both sides of the base 9 and are distributed in a "human" shape. It should be noted that when installing the detection device, the contact ends of the two fixed baffles 7 need to face the upstream of the valley. Figure 4 The airbag 5 is arranged between the guide plate 6 and the fixed baffle 7 and is connected to them at the same time. Four support units are fixedly installed around the base 9. The air inlet end of the support unit is connected to the airbag 5, and the airflow flowing out of the airbag 5 drives the support unit to reinforce the base 9; the fixed baffle 7 is provided with a vent hole 28 connected to the airbag 5, and a one-way valve is installed in the vent hole 28; it should be noted that the installation of the base 9 of the present detection equipment is the same as that of the conventional monitoring equipment, which is directly fixed on the ground on one side of the valley, and the fixed baffle 7 of the present embodiment is also fixedly installed on the ground.

[0043] In this embodiment, if Figure 4As shown, the support unit includes a connecting tube 26, a sealing cylinder 11, a push rod 27, a spring 47 and a reinforcement plate 10; the two ends of the connecting tube 26 are fixedly connected to the airbag 5 and the sealing cylinder 11, respectively; one end of the push rod 27 is located in the sealing cylinder 11 and is in sealing sliding contact, and the other end of the push rod 27 is located outside the sealing cylinder 11 and is fixedly connected to the reinforcement plate 10; the spring 47 is located in the sealing cylinder 11, and the two ends are fixedly connected to the push rod 27 and the end of the sealing cylinder 11. When a debris flow occurs, the debris flow impacts the guide plate 6, and the guide plate 6 squeezes the airbag 5 so that part of the gas in the airbag 5 enters the sealing cylinder 11 and pushes the push rod 27 and the reinforcement plate 10 to move forward, and the reinforcement plate 10 will be in close contact with the base 9, so that the impact force of the debris flow can be directly used to stabilize the detection equipment, further improving the safety and stability of the equipment. During the specific installation, a fixing ring 8 is fixedly installed around the base 9, and the fixing ring 8 is fixedly installed on the ground. The sealing cylinders 11 of the four supporting units are all fixedly installed on the fixing ring 8.

[0044] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, an air inlet pipe 24 and an air injection pipe 4 are fixedly installed at the end of the sealing cylinder 17, and a one-way valve is installed in the air inlet pipe 24 and the air injection pipe 4. The end of the air injection pipe 4 away from the sealing cylinder 17 is connected to two air bags 5 at the same time. The one-way valve in the air inlet pipe 24 can only allow external gas to flow into the sealing cylinder 17 in one direction, while the one-way valve in the air injection pipe 4 allows the gas in the sealing cylinder 17 to flow into the air bag 5 in one direction. In this way, when exhausting air, the airflow enters the sealing cylinder 17 through the air inlet pipe 24, and when exhausting air, due to the action of the one-way valve, the airflow is discharged into the air bag 5 through the air injection pipe 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the one-way valve is as follows: Figure 3As shown, it specifically includes a support frame 32, a limiting ring 31, a spring three 29 and a sealing baffle 30; the two ends of the spring three 29 are fixedly connected to the sealing baffle 30 and the support frame 32 respectively; the sealing baffle 30 is in contact with the limiting ring 31. It should be noted that the elastic coefficient of the spring three 29 of the one-way valve in the gas injection pipe 4 is smaller than the elastic coefficient of the spring one 47 in the sealing cylinder two 11, and the elastic coefficient of the spring one 47 in the sealing cylinder two 11 is smaller than the elastic coefficient of the spring three 29 in the air leakage hole one 28, so that when the airflow enters the airbag 5, after the airbag 5 reaches a certain expansion amount, it will preferentially enter the sealing cylinder two 11, at this time, part of the reinforcement plate 10 will push forward to support and reinforce the base 9; especially when the debris flow impacts the guide plate 6, the airbag 5 is squeezed, and the airflow in the airbag 5 also preferentially enters the sealing cylinder two 11, if the reinforcement plate 10 has been in contact with the base 9, at this time, the squeezed part of the gas will be discharged from the one-way valve of the air leakage hole one 28. The one-way valve of this embodiment not only has the function of one-way flow guidance, but also can achieve the effect of pressure relief, thereby preventing the airbag 5 from bursting after being squeezed.

[0046] In this embodiment, the pressurizing mechanism converts the impact force of the water flow into elastic potential energy and stores it in the airbag 5. The specific structure of the pressurizing mechanism is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes a half gear 13, a reciprocating ring 12 and a piston 25; the half gear 13 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 18, and the top and bottom of the reciprocating ring 12 are both tooth surfaces. When the half gear 13 rotates, it can alternately mesh with the two tooth surfaces; a piston 25 is fixedly installed at the end of the reciprocating ring 12, and the piston 25 slides along the sealing cylinder 17. After the half gear 13 meshes with a section of the tooth surface in the reciprocating ring 12, it will immediately mesh with another section of the tooth surface, so that when the half gear 13 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 18, the reciprocating ring 12 can achieve left and right reciprocating translation; when moving to the left, the piston 25 discharges the gas in the sealing cylinder 17 into the airbag 5 through the gas injection pipe 4, and when moving to the right, the piston 25 forms a negative pressure in the sealing cylinder 17, allowing the external airflow to enter the sealing cylinder 17, so that as long as the rotating shaft 18 is rotating, the airbag 5 can be continuously inflated.

[0047] In this embodiment, two rotating mechanisms are provided, which are mainly designed for the characteristics of glacial ice lake debris flow. Even if there is no rainfall, once the water level in the valley rises, it is very easy for debris flow to occur. Therefore, as long as the first rotating mechanism rotates, the staff can be reminded that there is a risk of debris flow.

[0048] Embodiment 2: An online monitoring device for glacier ice lake debris flow. Since glacier ice lakes are also prone to debris flow under rainfall, the monitoring device of this embodiment is also fixedly installed with a rainfall monitoring mechanism on the crossbar 3. Figure 5-Figure 8As shown. Specifically, it includes a water collecting cylinder 21, a floating ball 37, two U-shaped rods 33, a limiting cylinder 34 and two water discharge units; the water discharge unit is installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder 21 to control the opening and closing state of the bottom of the water collecting cylinder 21, the limiting cylinder 34 is sleeved on the water discharge unit, the floating ball 37 is located in the water collecting cylinder 21, and the top of the floating ball 37 is connected to the top of the limiting cylinder 34 through the U-shaped rod 33; when the limiting cylinder 34 is in contact with the water discharge unit, the water discharge unit is in a closed state, otherwise it is open; a support rod 35 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder 21, and the support rod 35 is used to support the entire rainfall monitoring mechanism, and the support rod 35 is installed on the cross bar 3; in this embodiment, for the stability of the device, a guide rod 42 is also provided in the water collecting cylinder 21, and a connecting frame 43 is installed on the top side wall of the guide rod 42, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the connecting frame 43 fixes the guide rod 42, and the float 37 is sleeved on the guide rod 42, so that when the water level rises, the float 37 will move along the guide rod 42.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, the water discharge unit includes a sealing cylinder body 38, a transmission rod 39, a support roller 44, a spring 2 45 and a movable plate 36; the sealing cylinder body 38 is fixedly installed on the bottom side wall of the water collecting cylinder 21, and the movable plate 36 is located in the sealing cylinder body 38 and slides in a sealed manner. The movable plates 36 of the two water discharge units are closed when they touch each other, and the end of the movable plate 36 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 39. The end of the transmission rod 39 away from the movable plate 36 passes through the sealing cylinder body 38 and is fixedly connected to the support plate of the support roller 44. The spring 2 45 is sleeved on the transmission rod 39, and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sealing cylinder body 38 and the support plate of the support roller 44; a second air leakage hole 46 is also opened in the side wall of the sealing cylinder body 38, and the second air leakage hole 46 is connected to the inside of the sealing cylinder body 38 when the two movable plates 36 touch each other; a pressurizing device for pressurizing the inside of the sealing cylinder is also provided on the sealing cylinder.

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown, the pressurizing device includes a pressurizing pipe 40 and a pressurizing pump 41. The pressurizing pipe 40 is connected to the end of the sealing cylinder 38, and the other end of the pressurizing pipe 40 is connected to the exhaust end of the pressurizing pump 41. The pressurizing pump 41 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the water collecting cylinder 21.

[0051] In this embodiment, a pressure sensor (not marked in the figure) is also provided on the outer wall of the sealing cylinder body 38, and the sensing end of the pressure sensor is connected to the spring 2 45, so that the rainfall amount is determined by judging the pressure change of the pressure sensor.

[0052] The specific working principle is: when it rains, the liquid level in the water collecting barrel 21 rises, and the float 37 moves upward under the action of buoyancy, which will drive the U-shaped rod 33 and the limiting barrel 34 to move upward synchronously. At this time, the spring 2 45 is in a compressed state, and the elastic force sensed by the pressure sensor is at a large value. When the limiting barrel 34 is separated from the supporting roller 44, the supporting roller 44, the transmission rod 39 and the movable plate 36 move to both sides under the elastic force of the spring 2 45. At this time, all the rainwater in the water collecting barrel 21 flows out; the staff only needs to know the time period between the two elastic force changes of the spring 2 45 from the beginning of squeezing to the final release to calculate the average rainfall. When all the water is discharged, the pressure pump 41 pressurizes and injects air into the pressure pipe 40, so that the two movable plates 36 touch each other. At this time, since the liquid level in the water collecting cylinder 21 is the lowest, the limit cylinder 34, the U-shaped rod 33 and the float 37 will all fall down, and finally the limit cylinder 34 will be squeezed and contacted with the supporting roller 44, so that the rainfall amount can be monitored in real time.

[0053] Embodiment 3: An online monitoring device for glacier ice lake debris flow. Since a large amount of dust will fall on the camera 20 during the debris flow, this embodiment directly uses the collected rainwater to clean the lens of the camera 20. Fig. 9 As shown, the difference from Example 2 is that the entire rainfall monitoring mechanism is arranged directly above the camera 20, so that when the movable plate 36 is opened, rainwater can directly clean the lens position of the camera 20, and at the same time, the non-lens position of the camera 20 can be shielded to avoid affecting the shooting of the camera 20 when the rainfall is heavy.

[0054] It should be noted that the monitoring device of this embodiment can be powered by a conventional external power supply or a solar cell panel to supply power to components such as the pressure pump 41 .

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online monitoring device for glacier-ice lake debris flow, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a column (1) and a base (9) connected to the bottom of the column (1); a slide groove (22) with one side opening is opened in the column (1) along the height direction, a lifting mechanism is arranged in the slide groove (22), a cross bar (3) is sleeved on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the height of the cross bar (3); a sleeve (19) is inserted in the cross bar (3), and a translation mechanism for driving the sleeve (19) to translate in the horizontal direction is arranged in the cross bar (3); a rotating shaft (18) is rotatably arranged at the end of the sleeve (19) away from the translation mechanism, and a first rotating mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (18); a sealing cylinder (17) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve (19), and the pressurizing end of the pressurizing mechanism is located in the sealing cylinder (17); a second rotating mechanism is rotatably installed at the end of the rotating shaft (18) away from the sleeve (19); The first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism both comprise a rotating disk (14), a plurality of connecting rods (15) and a plurality of rotating blades (16); the ends of the plurality of connecting rods (15) are fixedly installed along the side of the rotating disk (14) and are arranged with equal arc lengths; the ends of the plurality of connecting rods (15) away from the rotating disk (14) are respectively fixedly connected to the plurality of rotating blades (16), and the length of the connecting rod (15) of the first rotating mechanism is less than the length of the connecting rod (15) of the second rotating mechanism; The online monitoring device also includes two groups of stabilizing mechanisms; the stabilizing mechanisms include a fixed baffle (7), an airbag (5), a guide plate (6) and a plurality of support units; the fixed baffles (7) of the two stabilizing mechanisms are distributed on both sides of the base (9) and are distributed in a "human" shape, and the airbag (5) is arranged between the guide plate (6) and the fixed baffle (7); the plurality of support units are fixedly installed around the base (9), the air inlet end of the support unit is connected to the airbag (5), and the airflow flowing out of the airbag (5) drives the support unit to reinforce the base (9); the fixed baffle (7) is provided with an air leakage hole (28) connected to the airbag (5), and a one-way valve is also arranged in the air leakage hole (28); An air intake pipe (24) and an air injection pipe (4) are fixedly installed at the end of the sealing cylinder body (17), and a one-way valve is installed in the air intake pipe (24) and the air injection pipe (4). The end of the air injection pipe (4) away from the sealing cylinder body (17) is connected to two air bags (5) at the same time; The online monitoring device is also provided with a rainfall monitoring mechanism, which is used to monitor the rainfall in real time.

2. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism comprises a half gear (13), a reciprocating ring (12) and a piston (25); the half gear (13) is fixedly sleeved on a rotating shaft (18), the top and bottom of the reciprocating ring (12) are both tooth surfaces, and the half gear (13) can alternately mesh with the two tooth surfaces when rotating; a piston (25) is fixedly installed at the end of the reciprocating ring (12), and the piston (25) slides along the inner seal of a sealing cylinder (17).

3. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support unit comprises a connecting tube (26), a second sealing cylinder (11), a push rod (27), a spring (47) and a reinforcing plate (10); the two ends of the connecting tube (26) are respectively fixedly connected to the airbag (5) and the second sealing cylinder (11); one end of the push rod (27) is located inside the second sealing cylinder (11) and is in sealing sliding contact; the other end of the push rod (27) is located outside the second sealing cylinder (11) and is fixedly connected to the reinforcing plate (10); the spring (47) is located inside the second sealing cylinder (11), and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the push rod (27) and the end of the second sealing cylinder (11).

4. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A fixing ring (8) is arranged around the base (9), and the sealing cylinder bodies (11) of the plurality of supporting units are all fixedly mounted on the fixing ring (8).

5. The online monitoring device for glacier-glacial lake debris flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The one-way valve comprises a support frame (32), a limiting ring (31), a spring three (29) and a sealing baffle (30); the two ends of the spring three (29) are respectively fixedly connected to the sealing baffle (30) and the support frame (32); and the sealing baffle (30) is in contact with the limiting ring (31).

6. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism and the translation mechanism have the same structure, comprising a servo motor (23) and a threaded rod (2), wherein the output end of the servo motor (23) is fixedly connected to the end of the threaded rod (2), the cross bar (3) is sleeved on the threaded rod (2) of the lifting mechanism, and the sleeve (19) is sleeved on the threaded rod (2) of the translation mechanism.

7. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainfall monitoring mechanism comprises a water collecting cylinder (21), a floating ball (37), a plurality of U-shaped rods (33), a limiting cylinder (34) and two water discharge units; the water discharge unit is installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder (21) to control the opening and closing state of the bottom of the water collecting cylinder (21); the limiting cylinder (34) is sleeved on the water discharge unit; the floating ball (37) is located in the water collecting cylinder (21); the top of the floating ball (37) is connected to the top of the limiting cylinder (34) via the U-shaped rod (33); when the limiting cylinder (34) contacts the water discharge unit, the water discharge unit is in a closed state, otherwise it is opened; a support rod (35) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water collecting cylinder (21).

8. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water discharge unit comprises a sealing cylinder body (38), a transmission rod (39), a supporting roller (44), a spring (45) and a movable plate (36); the sealing cylinder body (38) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the water collecting cylinder (21); the movable plate (36) is located in the sealing cylinder body (38) and slides; the movable plates (36) of the two water discharge units can touch each other; the end of the movable plate (36) is fixedly connected to the transmission rod (39); the end of the transmission rod (39) away from the movable plate (36) passes through the sealing cylinder body (38) and the movable plate (36) passes through the sealing cylinder body (38). 38) and is fixedly connected to the support plate of the support roller (44); the second spring (45) is sleeved on the transmission rod (39), and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing cylinder body three (38) and the support plate of the support roller (44); a second air leakage hole (46) is also opened in the side wall of the sealing cylinder body three (38), and the second air leakage hole (46) is connected to the inside of the sealing cylinder body three (38) when the two movable plates (36) are in contact; and a pressurizing device for pressurizing the inside of the sealing cylinder body is also provided on the sealing cylinder body.

9. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressurizing device comprises a pressurizing pipe (40) and a pressurizing pump (41). The pressurizing pipe (40) is connected to the end of the sealing cylinder body (38), and the other end of the pressurizing pipe (40) is connected to the exhaust end of the pressurizing pump (41). The pressurizing pump (41) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the water collecting cylinder (21).

10. The glacier-glacial lake debris flow online monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a guide rod (42) and a connecting frame (43), wherein the connecting frame (43) is fixedly connected to the guide rod (42), the connecting frame (43) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the water collecting cylinder (21), and the floating ball (37) is sleeved on the guide rod (42).

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