Bridge suspension cable vibration early warning system

Abstract

The invention, which relates to the technical field of suspension cable vibration, discloses a bridge suspension cable vibration early warning system comprising a vibration sensing module, a data processing module, a driving module and an early warning module. The vibration sensing module comprises a damping characteristic unit, a parameter vibration unit and an aerodynamic characteristic unit, the data processing module comprises a signal processing unit and a depth processing unit to obtain a second signal linear image, and the driving module comprises a driving analysis unit and a program driving unit. The early warning module comprises a prediction unit and an alarm unit. The vibration condition of the bridge suspension cable is predicted and warned through the detailed detection and calculation steps and the combination with software, and the characteristics of the vibration of the bridge are studied from different angles, so that the complete vibration prediction and warning are completed, the real-time monitoring and early warning of the bridge can be realized, and effective support is provided for the maintenance and management of the bridge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of suspension cable vibration, and in particular to a bridge suspension cable vibration early warning system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of transportation, bridges, as important transportation infrastructure, carry increasing traffic volume and weight. However, the safety and stability of bridges are affected by many factors, including material fatigue, environmental changes, traffic loads and natural disasters. In particular, suspension bridges may exhibit significant vibration characteristics under external interference due to their structural characteristics. Therefore, timely monitoring and early warning of their vibration conditions are particularly important. The vibration characteristics of suspension bridges can reflect the health of their structures. Excessive vibration may cause structural damage and even lead to safety accidents. By monitoring bridge vibration, the health of bridges can be evaluated, potential structural problems can be predicted, and timely maintenance and repair suggestions can be provided.

[0003] At present, the Chinese invention patent with application number CN202210544483.6 discloses a method for monitoring and warning the vortex-induced vibration of the main beam of a large-span suspension bridge. The application includes: by monitoring the multi-point vibration acceleration power spectrum of the main beam, determining the start and end time of the multi-modal vortex-induced vibration of the main beam, using principal component analysis to evaluate the proportion of energy concentration coefficients corresponding to different modes, selecting multi-order modal frequencies of vortex-induced vibration, and thus determining the multi-modal vortex-induced vibration results of the main beam of the suspension bridge in real time; it solves the problem that the existing technology cannot solve the multi-modal vortex-induced vibration problem in monitoring the vortex-induced vibration of the main beam, which makes it difficult to perceive the abnormal vibration state of the main beam using the power spectrum data of the main beam. However, when performing bridge early warning, the application cannot predict and warn the vibration of the bridge cable through detailed detection and calculation steps and the combination with software, and cannot study the characteristics of the bridge vibration from different angles to complete the complete vibration prediction and warning. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is that the traditional method, when giving early warning for a bridge, does not predict and warn the vibration of the bridge cables through detailed detection and calculation steps and the combination with software, and cannot study the characteristics of the vibration of the bridge from different angles.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A bridge cable vibration early warning system, comprising: a vibration sensing module, a data processing module, a driving module and an early warning module; The vibration sensing module includes a damping characteristic unit, a parameter vibration unit and an aerodynamic characteristic unit, which are used to obtain a first characteristic data set, a second characteristic data set and a third characteristic data set through a sensor; The data processing module includes a signal processing unit and a depth processing unit, which are used to process the first characteristic data set, the second characteristic data set and the third characteristic data set to obtain a first signal linear image, and obtain a second signal linear image according to the first signal linear image by a modality extraction method; The driving module includes a driving analysis unit and a program driving unit, which are used to analyze the vibration characteristics of the bridge cable according to the second signal linear image, and write a capture function program of the single-chip microcomputer, wherein the capture function program is used to convert the vibration characteristics into corresponding dynamic data through a conversion algorithm to obtain a power driving data set, and obtain a driving instruction set according to the power driving data set; The early warning module includes a prediction unit and an alarm unit, which are used to predict the vibration characteristics and amplitude of the bridge cable according to the time series through a prediction model based on the driving instruction set and the second signal linear image, and convert the prediction results into corresponding alarm signal sequences.

[0006] As a preferred solution of a bridge cable vibration warning system described in the present invention, the damping characteristic unit is used to collect a first characteristic data set through a sensor, and the first characteristic data set includes the damping and mass corresponding to the units of the bridge cable divided by the signal processing unit.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the bridge cable vibration warning system described in the present invention, the parameter vibration unit is used to collect a second characteristic data set through sensors and tensile tests, and the second characteristic data set includes cable length, material properties, cable cross-sectional area, cable tension, and cable cross-sectional shape, and the material properties include Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio.

[0008] As a preferred solution of a bridge cable vibration warning system described in the present invention, the aerodynamic characteristic unit is used to collect a third characteristic data set through a sensor, and the third characteristic data set includes static load parameters and dynamic load parameters, and the load parameters include dead weight and wind load.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the bridge cable vibration early warning system described in the present invention, wherein: the signal processing unit is used to construct a cable simulation model, and draw a first signal linear image according to the cable simulation model; Constructing the cable simulation model includes: dividing the bridge cable into (a+1) units by finite difference method, and the mathematical expression of the length of each unit is: ; in, Indicates the number of nodes, L is the length of the suspension cable; The mathematical expression of the motion equation of the free vibration of the bridge cable is: ; in, represents the n-dimensional displacement vector, represents the second derivative of x, represents the first derivative of x, , and Respectively represent n×n-dimensional mass, damping and stiffness matrices, and the stiffness matrix acquisition logic includes: performing an integral operation according to the material properties of the bridge cable, the cable cross-sectional area and the n-dimensional displacement vector unit to obtain the stiffness matrix; The modal frequency, vibration mode and damping ratio of the bridge cable are calculated by the complex modal eigenvalue analysis method according to the motion equation of the free vibration of the bridge cable, and a finite difference numerical model of the bridge cable is established. The mathematical expression of the finite difference numerical model is: ; in, represents the finite difference numerical model, represents the mass per unit length of the ith node, wherein the mass per unit length is calculated by weighted average of the mass, damping, modal frequency, vibration shape and damping ratio; The theoretical solution of the modal frequency of the bridge cable is calculated according to the classical string vibration cable force theory formula, and the mathematical expression of the classical string vibration cable force theory formula is: ; in, represents the n-dimensional modal theory solution, represents the unit integral value of mass per unit length, Indicates that the calculation involves the length of the suspension cable, represents the order of the mode, represents the horizontal tension of the bridge cables; The vibration amplitude of the cable is simulated according to the finite difference numerical model through the matleb tool library. The vibration amplitude records data according to the length of the bridge cable. The natural frequency of the bridge cable per unit length is obtained according to the theoretical solution of the modal frequency of the bridge cable and the vibration amplitude. The mathematical expression of the natural frequency acquisition logic is: ; in, represents the natural frequency, represents the theoretical solution of the modal frequency of the bridge cables, Indicates the vibration amplitude; Performing a division operation on the damping acquired by the damping characteristic unit to obtain a damping ratio, taking the damping ratio as a target damping ratio, and presetting a damping ratio threshold; If the target damping ratio is higher than the damping ratio threshold, it indicates that the bridge cable has viscoelastic characteristics; if the target damping ratio is lower than the damping ratio threshold, it indicates that the viscoelastic characteristics of the bridge cable are insufficient, and the damping ratio is added to the bridge cable by applying vibration reduction measures, and the vibration reduction measures include installing a mass damper or a dynamic damper; the cable nodes are numbered gradually according to the damping ratio, cable length, cable tension and the mass per unit length, and the rearranged numbers are used as the horizontal coordinate of the first signal linear image, and the distribution characteristics of the bridge cables along the cable length, cable tension and the mass per unit length are plotted to obtain the first signal linear image.

[0010] As a preferred solution of a bridge cable vibration early warning system described in the present invention, the deep processing unit includes: obtaining the dynamic characteristics of the bridge cable through the modal extraction method Block Lanczos based on the first signal linear image, the dynamic characteristics include modal frequency and vibration shape, based on the dynamic characteristics, the material properties and the cross-sectional shape of the cable, by connecting the updated node numbers into a number of units, dividing the units into types, the unit types include BEAM188, BEAM44, LINK10, COMBIN14 and MASS2, calculating the stiffness matrix corresponding to the unit, assembling the stiffness matrices of each unit into a global stiffness matrix according to the node number, applying static or dynamic loads, using finite element analysis software ANSYS to solve the global stiffness matrix, obtaining the displacement and reaction force corresponding to each node, drawing the distribution characteristics of the displacement and reaction force along the cable length, cable tension and the mass per unit length, respectively, adding the distribution characteristics to the first signal linear image, and obtaining the second signal linear image.

[0011] As a preferred solution of a bridge cable vibration early warning system described in the present invention, wherein: the vibration analysis unit is used to analyze the vibration characteristics of the bridge cable according to the second signal linear image, and the analysis of the vibration characteristics of the bridge cable includes: simulating the signal linear image through ANSYS-MATLAB joint simulation, performing a buffeting response analysis, simulating the flow field where the bridge is located by conducting a full-bridge aeroelastic model experiment, obtaining the wind field type of the turbulent field where the bridge is located, arranging the wind field in the form of a rectangular rough element plus a wedge, and comparing and analyzing the wind tunnel test results with the numerical simulation results. The logical process of the comparative analysis includes: calculating the confidence of the numerical values ​​of the wind tunnel test results and the simulation results, and presetting the confidence threshold; If the confidence level is not within the confidence level threshold range, it indicates that the vibration response of the bridge cable is insufficient, and the calculation order of the data processing module is readjusted and the simulation operation is performed again; If the confidence level is within the confidence level threshold range, it means that the vibration response of the bridge cable meets the requirements.

[0012] As a preferred solution of a bridge cable vibration early warning system described in the present invention, wherein: the program driving unit is used to write a capture function program of a single-chip microcomputer, and the capture function program is used to convert the vibration characteristics into corresponding dynamic data through a conversion algorithm. The logic written by the capture function program includes: reading sensor data through the captureVibration function code block, calculating dynamic data through integration through the convertToDynamicsData function code block, generating drive instructions according to the converted dynamic data through the generateDriveCommands function code block, combining all the obtained drive instructions into a drive instruction set, transmitting the drive instruction set to the OneNet cloud platform through the MQTT protocol, and obtaining the drive instructions on the cloud platform through the mobile phone client to obtain the vibration characteristics of the bridge cable, and the vibration characteristics include the displacement and reaction force corresponding to each node, the cable tension force and the mass per unit length.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the bridge cable vibration early warning system described in the present invention, the prediction unit is used to predict the vibration characteristics and amplitude of the bridge cable according to the time series through the prediction model based on the driving instruction set and the second signal linear image, and the prediction logic includes: inputting the driving instruction set and the second signal linear image into the embedding layer respectively to extract important features to obtain a vibration characteristic feature set, inputting the vibration characteristic feature set into the time series prediction model LSTM, and denormalizing the data output by the time series prediction model LSTM to obtain the change of the vibration amplitude corresponding to the predicted vibration characteristics over time.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the bridge cable vibration early warning system described in the present invention, wherein: the alarm unit is used to convert the prediction result into a corresponding alarm signal sequence, and transmit the alarm signal sequence to the program driving unit for automatic alarm, and the conversion logic includes: storing the change of the vibration amplitude corresponding to the predicted vibration characteristic over time in a queue form according to the node, each node corresponds to a prediction queue, the prediction queue includes the vibration amplitude corresponding to the vibration characteristic generated according to time predicted by the node, preset a vibration threshold, and compare the vibration amplitudes in all prediction queues; If the vibration amplitude is greater than the vibration threshold, an alarm driving instruction is generated; If the vibration amplitude is not greater than the vibration threshold, the remaining vibration amplitudes in the queue are continuously searched according to time.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through detailed detection and calculation steps and the combination with software, the vibration of the bridge cables can be predicted and warned, and the vibration characteristics of the bridge can be studied from different angles to complete the complete vibration prediction and warning, so as to realize real-time monitoring and early warning of the bridge and provide effective support for the maintenance and management of the bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A basic flow chart of a bridge cable vibration early warning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 , as an embodiment of the present invention, provides a bridge cable vibration early warning system, characterized in that it includes: a vibration sensing module, a data processing module, a driving module and an early warning module; The vibration sensing module includes a damping characteristic unit, a parameter vibration unit and an aerodynamic characteristic unit, which are used to obtain a first characteristic data set, a second characteristic data set and a third characteristic data set through a sensor; The data processing module includes a signal processing unit and a depth processing unit, which are used to process the first characteristic data set, the second characteristic data set and the third characteristic data set to obtain a first signal linear image, and obtain a second signal linear image according to the first signal linear image by a modality extraction method; The driving module includes a driving analysis unit and a program driving unit, which are used to analyze the vibration characteristics of the bridge cable according to the second signal linear image, and write a capture function program of the single-chip microcomputer, wherein the capture function program is used to convert the vibration characteristics into corresponding dynamic data through a conversion algorithm to obtain a power driving data set, and obtain a driving instruction set according to the power driving data set; The early warning module includes a prediction unit and an alarm unit, which are used to predict the vibration characteristics and amplitude of the bridge cable according to the time series through a prediction model based on the driving instruction set and the second signal linear image, and convert the prediction results into corresponding alarm signal sequences.

[0019] In this embodiment, the damping characteristic unit is used to collect a first characteristic data set through a sensor, and the first characteristic data set includes the damping and mass corresponding to the units divided by the signal processing unit of the bridge cables.

[0020] In this embodiment, the parameter vibration unit is used to collect a second characteristic data set through sensors and tensile tests. The second characteristic data set includes cable length, material properties, cable cross-sectional area, cable tension, and cable cross-sectional shape. The material properties include Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio.

[0021] In this embodiment, the aerodynamic characteristic unit is used to collect a third characteristic data set through a sensor, and the third characteristic data set includes static load parameters and dynamic load parameters. The load parameters include dead weight and wind load.

[0022] In this embodiment, the signal processing unit is used to construct a suspension cable simulation model, and draw a first signal linear image according to the suspension cable simulation model; Constructing the cable simulation model includes: dividing the bridge cable into (a+1) units by finite difference method, and the mathematical expression of the length of each unit is: ; in, Indicates the number of nodes, L is the length of the suspension cable; The mathematical expression of the motion equation of the free vibration of the bridge cable is: ; in, represents the n-dimensional displacement vector, represents the second derivative of x, represents the first derivative of x, , and Respectively represent n×n-dimensional mass, damping and stiffness matrices, and the stiffness matrix acquisition logic includes: performing an integral operation according to the material properties of the bridge cable, the cable cross-sectional area and the n-dimensional displacement vector unit to obtain the stiffness matrix; The modal frequency, vibration mode and damping ratio of the bridge cable are calculated by the complex modal eigenvalue analysis method according to the motion equation of the free vibration of the bridge cable, and a finite difference numerical model of the bridge cable is established. The mathematical expression of the finite difference numerical model is: ; in, represents the finite difference numerical model, represents the mass per unit length of the ith node, wherein the mass per unit length is calculated by weighted average of the mass, damping, modal frequency, vibration shape and damping ratio; The theoretical solution of the modal frequency of the bridge cable is calculated according to the classical string vibration cable force theory formula, and the mathematical expression of the classical string vibration cable force theory formula is: ; in, represents the n-dimensional modal theory solution, represents the unit integral value of mass per unit length, Indicates that the calculation involves the length of the suspension cable, represents the order of the mode, represents the horizontal tension of the bridge cables; The vibration amplitude of the cable is simulated according to the finite difference numerical model through the matleb tool library. The vibration amplitude is recorded according to the length of the bridge cable. The natural frequency of the bridge cable per unit length is obtained according to the theoretical solution of the modal frequency of the bridge cable and the vibration amplitude. Adjusting the parameters of the first characteristic data set, the second characteristic data set or the third characteristic data set is conducive to reducing the possibility of cable bridge resonance. The mathematical expression of the natural frequency acquisition logic is: ; in, represents the natural frequency, represents the theoretical solution of the modal frequency of the bridge cables, Indicates the vibration amplitude; Performing a division operation on the damping acquired by the damping characteristic unit to obtain a damping ratio, taking the damping ratio as a target damping ratio, and manually presetting a damping ratio threshold; If the target damping ratio is higher than the damping ratio threshold, it means that the bridge cable has viscoelastic properties and can more effectively dissipate the energy of the bridge cable vibration; If the target damping ratio is lower than the damping ratio threshold, it indicates that the viscoelastic property of the bridge cable is insufficient, and a damping ratio is added to the bridge cable by applying a vibration reduction measure, wherein the applying a vibration reduction measure includes installing a mass damper or a dynamic damper; The cable nodes are numbered gradually according to the damping ratio, cable length, cable tension and the mass per unit length, and the rearranged numbers are used as the horizontal coordinates of the first signal linear image. The distribution characteristics of the bridge cables along the cable length, cable tension and the mass per unit length are plotted to obtain the first signal linear image.

[0023] In this embodiment, the deep processing unit includes: obtaining the dynamic characteristics of the bridge cable through the modal extraction method Block Lanczos based on the first signal linear image, the dynamic characteristics including modal frequency and vibration shape, based on the dynamic characteristics, the material properties and the cross-sectional shape of the cable, by connecting the updated node numbers into a number of units, dividing the units into types, the unit types include BEAM188, BEAM44, LINK10, COMBIN14 and MASS2, calculating the stiffness matrix corresponding to the unit, assembling the stiffness matrices of each unit into a global stiffness matrix according to the node number, applying static or dynamic loads, using finite element analysis software ANSYS to solve the global stiffness matrix, obtaining the displacement and reaction force corresponding to each node, drawing the distribution characteristics of the displacement and reaction force along the cable length, cable tension and the mass per unit length, respectively, adding the distribution characteristics to the first signal linear image, and obtaining the second signal linear image.

[0024] In this embodiment, the driving analysis unit is used to analyze the vibration characteristics of the bridge cable according to the second signal linear image, and the analysis of the vibration characteristics of the bridge cable includes: simulating the signal linear image through ANSYS-MATLAB joint simulation, performing buffeting response analysis, simulating the flow field where the bridge is located by conducting a full-bridge aeroelastic model experiment, obtaining the wind field type of the turbulent flow field where the bridge is located, arranging the wind field in the form of rectangular rough elements plus wedges, and comparing and analyzing the wind tunnel test results with the numerical simulation results. The logical process of the comparative analysis includes: calculating the confidence of the numerical values ​​of the wind tunnel test results and the simulation results, and manually presetting the confidence threshold; If the confidence level is not within the confidence level threshold range, it indicates that the vibration response of the bridge cable is insufficient, and the calculation order of the data processing module is readjusted and the simulation operation is performed again; If the confidence level is within the confidence level threshold range, it means that the vibration response of the bridge cable meets the requirements, and the aerodynamic stiffness caused by the aerodynamic self-excitation force is ignored.

[0025] Combined with computational fluid dynamics software CFD, the whole process numerical simulation of the buffeting response of the long-span cable-stayed bridge is realized.

[0026] In this embodiment, the program driving unit is used to write a capture function program of the single-chip microcomputer, and the capture function program is used to convert the vibration characteristics into corresponding dynamic data through a conversion algorithm. The logic written by the capture function program includes: reading the data of the sensor through the captureVibration function code block, using a loop to simulate the ADC reading process, calculating the dynamic data through integration through the convertToDynamicsData function code block, generating drive instructions according to the converted dynamic data through the generateDriveCommands function code block, combining all the obtained drive instructions into a drive instruction set, transmitting the drive instruction set to the OneNet cloud platform through the MQTT protocol, and obtaining the drive instructions on the cloud platform through the mobile client to obtain the vibration characteristics of the bridge cable, and the vibration characteristics include the displacement and reaction force corresponding to each node, the cable tension and the mass per unit length.

[0027] The captureVibration function code block, convertToDynamicsData function code block and generateDriveCommands function code block are all existing code blocks.

[0028] In this embodiment, the prediction unit is used to predict the vibration characteristics and amplitude of the bridge cable according to the time series through the prediction model based on the driving instruction set and the second signal linear image. The prediction logic includes: inputting the driving instruction set and the second signal linear image into the embedding layer respectively to extract important features to obtain a vibration characteristic feature set, inputting the vibration characteristic feature set into the time series prediction model LSTM, and denormalizing the data output by the time series prediction model LSTM to obtain the change of the vibration amplitude corresponding to the predicted vibration characteristics over time.

[0029] In this embodiment, the alarm unit is used to convert the prediction result into a corresponding alarm signal sequence, and transmit the alarm signal sequence to the program driving unit for automatic alarm. The conversion logic includes: storing the change of the vibration amplitude corresponding to the predicted vibration characteristic over time into a queue form according to the node, each node corresponds to a prediction queue, and the prediction queue includes the vibration amplitude corresponding to the vibration characteristic generated according to time predicted by the node, presetting the vibration threshold, and comparing the vibration amplitudes in all prediction queues; If the vibration amplitude is greater than the vibration threshold, an alarm driving instruction is generated; If the vibration amplitude is not greater than the vibration threshold, the remaining vibration amplitudes in the queue are continuously searched according to time.

[0030] Among them, the scheme in this embodiment predicts and warns the vibration of the bridge cables through detailed detection and calculation steps and combination with software, and studies the characteristics of the bridge vibration from different angles to complete the complete vibration prediction and warning, which can realize real-time monitoring and early warning of the bridge and provide effective support for the maintenance and management of the bridge.

[0031] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention may provide methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media containing computer-usable program codes. Among them, the storage medium may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, referred to as SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, referred to as EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, referred to as EPROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable Red-Only Memory, referred to as PROM), read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0032] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge cable vibration early warning system, characterized in that: include: Vibration sensing module, data processing module, drive module and early warning module; The vibration sensing module includes a damping characteristic unit, a parameter vibration unit and an aerodynamic characteristic unit, which are used to obtain a first characteristic data set, a second characteristic data set and a third characteristic data set through a sensor; The data processing module includes a signal processing unit and a depth processing unit, which are used to process the first characteristic data set, the second characteristic data set and the third characteristic data set to obtain a first signal linear image, and obtain a second signal linear image according to the first signal linear image by a modality extraction method; The driving module includes a driving analysis unit and a program driving unit, which are used to analyze the vibration characteristics of the bridge cable according to the second signal linear image, and write a capture function program of the single-chip microcomputer, wherein the capture function program is used to convert the vibration characteristics into corresponding dynamic data through a conversion algorithm to obtain a power driving data set, and obtain a driving instruction set according to the power driving data set; The early warning module includes a prediction unit and an alarm unit, which are used to predict the vibration characteristics and amplitude of the bridge cable according to the time series through a prediction model based on the driving instruction set and the second signal linear image, and convert the prediction results into corresponding alarm signal sequences.

2. The bridge cable vibration early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping characteristic unit is used to collect a first characteristic data set through a sensor, and the first characteristic data set includes damping and mass corresponding to the units divided by the signal processing unit of the bridge cables.

3. The bridge cable vibration early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameter vibration unit is used to collect a second characteristic data set through sensors and tensile tests. The second characteristic data set includes cable length, material properties, cable cross-sectional area, cable tension, and cable cross-sectional shape. The material properties include Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio.

4. The bridge cable vibration early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerodynamic characteristic unit is used to collect a third characteristic data set through a sensor, and the third characteristic data set includes static load parameters and dynamic load parameters, and the load parameters include dead weight and wind load.

5. The bridge cable vibration early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing unit is used to construct a suspension cable simulation model and draw a first signal linear image according to the suspension cable simulation model; Constructing the cable simulation model includes: dividing the bridge cable into (a+1) units by finite difference method, and the mathematical expression of the length of each unit is: ; in, Indicates the number of nodes, L is the length of the suspension cable; The mathematical expression of the motion equation of the free vibration of the bridge cable is: ; in, represents the n-dimensional displacement vector, represents the second derivative of x, represents the first derivative of x, , and Respectively represent n×n-dimensional mass, damping and stiffness matrices, and the stiffness matrix acquisition logic includes: performing an integral operation according to the material properties of the bridge cable, the cable cross-sectional area and the n-dimensional displacement vector unit to obtain the stiffness matrix; The modal frequency, vibration mode and damping ratio of the bridge cable are calculated by the complex modal eigenvalue analysis method according to the motion equation of the free vibration of the bridge cable, and a finite difference numerical model of the bridge cable is established. The mathematical expression of the finite difference numerical model is: ; in, represents the finite difference numerical model, represents the mass per unit length of the ith node, wherein the mass per unit length is calculated by weighted average of the mass, damping, modal frequency, vibration shape and damping ratio; The theoretical solution of the modal frequency of the bridge cable is calculated according to the classical string vibration cable force theory formula, and the mathematical expression of the classical string vibration cable force theory formula is: ; in, represents the n-dimensional modal theory solution, represents the unit integral value of mass per unit length, Indicates that the calculation involves the length of the suspension cable, represents the order of the mode, represents the horizontal tension of the bridge cables; The vibration amplitude of the cable is simulated according to the finite difference numerical model through the matleb tool library. The vibration amplitude records data according to the length of the bridge cable. The natural frequency of the bridge cable per unit length is obtained according to the theoretical solution of the modal frequency of the bridge cable and the vibration amplitude. The mathematical expression of the natural frequency acquisition logic is: ; in, represents the natural frequency, represents the theoretical solution of the modal frequency of the bridge cables, Indicates the vibration amplitude; Performing a division operation on the damping acquired by the damping characteristic unit to obtain a damping ratio, taking the damping ratio as a target damping ratio, and presetting a damping ratio threshold; If the target damping ratio is higher than the damping ratio threshold, it indicates that the bridge cable has viscoelastic characteristics; if the target damping ratio is lower than the damping ratio threshold, it indicates that the viscoelastic characteristics of the bridge cable are insufficient, and a damping ratio is added to the bridge cable by applying a vibration reduction measure, and the applying a vibration reduction measure includes installing a mass damper or a dynamic damper; The cable nodes are numbered gradually according to the damping ratio, cable length, cable tension and the mass per unit length, and the rearranged numbers are used as the horizontal coordinates of the first signal linear image. The distribution characteristics of the bridge cables along the cable length, cable tension and the mass per unit length are plotted to obtain the first signal linear image.

6. The bridge cable vibration early warning system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The deep processing unit includes: obtaining the dynamic characteristics of the bridge cable through the modal extraction method Block Lanczos based on the first signal linear image, the dynamic characteristics including modal frequency and vibration shape, and dividing the units into types by connecting the updated node numbers based on the dynamic characteristics, the material properties and the cross-sectional shape of the cable, and the types of the units include BEAM188, BEAM44, LINK10, COMBIN14 and MASS2, calculating the stiffness matrix corresponding to the unit, assembling the stiffness matrices of each unit into a global stiffness matrix according to the node number, applying static or dynamic loads, and using finite element analysis software ANSYS to solve the global stiffness matrix to obtain the displacement and reaction force corresponding to each node, and drawing the distribution characteristics of the displacement and reaction force along the cable length, cable tension and the mass per unit length, respectively, and adding the distribution characteristics to the first signal linear image to obtain the second signal linear image.

7. The bridge cable vibration early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving analysis unit is used to analyze the vibration characteristics of the bridge suspension cable according to the second signal linear image, and the analysis of the vibration characteristics of the bridge suspension cable includes: simulating the signal linear image through ANSYS-MATLAB joint simulation, performing buffeting response analysis, simulating the flow field where the bridge is located by conducting a full-bridge aeroelastic model experiment, obtaining the wind field type of the turbulent field where the bridge is located, arranging the wind field in the form of rectangular rough elements plus wedges, and comparing and analyzing the wind tunnel test results with the numerical simulation results. The logical process of the comparative analysis includes: calculating the confidence of the numerical values ​​of the wind tunnel test results and the simulation results, and presetting the confidence threshold; If the confidence level is not within the confidence level threshold range, it indicates that the vibration response of the bridge cable is insufficient, and the calculation order of the data processing module is readjusted and the simulation operation is performed again; If the confidence level is within the confidence level threshold range, it means that the vibration response of the bridge cable meets the requirements.

8. The bridge cable vibration early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The program driving unit is used to write a capture function program for the single-chip microcomputer, and the capture function program is used to convert the vibration characteristics into corresponding dynamic data through a conversion algorithm. The logic written by the capture function program includes: reading the data of the sensor through the captureVibration function code block, calculating the dynamic data through integration through the convertToDynamicsData function code block, generating drive instructions according to the converted dynamic data through the generateDriveCommands function code block, combining all the obtained drive instructions into a drive instruction set, transmitting the drive instruction set to the OneNet cloud platform through the MQTT protocol, and obtaining the drive instructions on the cloud platform through the mobile phone client to obtain the vibration characteristics of the bridge cable, and the vibration characteristics include the displacement and reaction force corresponding to each node, the cable tension force and the mass per unit length.

9. The bridge cable vibration early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prediction unit is used to predict the vibration characteristics and amplitude of the bridge cable according to the time series through the prediction model based on the driving instruction set and the second signal linear image. The prediction logic includes: inputting the driving instruction set and the second signal linear image into the embedding layer respectively to extract important features to obtain a vibration characteristic feature set, inputting the vibration characteristic feature set into the time series prediction model LSTM, and denormalizing the data output by the time series prediction model LSTM to obtain the change of the vibration amplitude corresponding to the predicted vibration characteristics over time.

10. The bridge cable vibration early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm unit is used to convert the prediction result into a corresponding alarm signal sequence, and transmit the alarm signal sequence to the program driving unit for automatic alarm. The conversion logic includes: storing the change of the vibration amplitude corresponding to the predicted vibration characteristic over time into a queue form according to the node, each node corresponds to a prediction queue, and the prediction queue includes the vibration amplitude corresponding to the vibration characteristic generated according to time predicted by the node, presetting the vibration threshold, and comparing the vibration amplitudes in all prediction queues; If the vibration amplitude is greater than the vibration threshold, an alarm driving instruction is generated; If the vibration amplitude is not greater than the vibration threshold, the remaining vibration amplitudes in the queue are continuously searched according to time.

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