Satellite positioning antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of satellite positioning, and discloses a satellite positioning antenna, which comprises a passive antenna board, an antenna receiving circuit board and a plurality of connecting pieces, the passive antenna plate is provided with a plurality of coupling feed units, a GNSS first frequency radiation unit and a GNSS second frequency radiation unit. The antenna receiving circuit board comprises a feed network and a receiving circuit; the feed network comprises a plurality of feed points and a plurality of couplers which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of coupling feed units; the GNSS feed network comprises a plurality of feed points and a first coupler, a second coupler and a third coupler in the plurality of couplers; the Lband feed network comprises a plurality of feed points and a first coupler, a second coupler and a fourth coupler in the plurality of couplers; the receiving circuit comprises a GNSS receiving circuit coupled to the third coupler, an Lband receiving circuit coupled to the fourth coupler and a combining and amplifying circuit, and the combining and amplifying circuit is coupled to the GNSS receiving circuit and the Lband receiving circuit respectively. According to the invention, receiving of right-handed GNSS signals and left-handed Lband satellite-based signals is realized at the same time by using one set of antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of satellite positioning technology, and in particular to a satellite positioning antenna and a positioning receiving device. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are required in GNSS receivers, and cellular communication and WiFi / Bluetooth communication functions are required to meet data communication functions. With the development of technology, GNSS devices are moving towards functional diversification, lightness and miniaturization. The integration of multi-function antennas is becoming more and more important, but also challenging. The mutual coupling after antenna integration also affects the performance of GNSS antennas. The general requirements of this type of integrated antenna include: 1) omnidirectional high gain to ensure coverage and reception of satellite signals; 2) low axial ratio to improve circular polarization gain and reduce multipath interference; 3) stable phase center to meet the centimeter / millimeter accuracy requirements of dual-frequency GNSS positioning; 4) high communication efficiency to meet the requirements for communication quality in different scenarios; 5) compact structure suitable for terminal product integration. On the other hand, satellite-based Lband differential positioning has become more and more popular. The current mainstream receiving antenna integrates right-hand GNSS and right-hand Lband satellite-based signals into the same antenna and RF receiving channel. The most direct way to achieve right-hand GNSS and left-hand Lband satellite-based signal reception is to use two independent receiving antennas and receivers to receive GNSS signals and Lband satellite-based signals respectively, but this will lead to an increase in system complexity and cost.

[0003] This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the present application as recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art as disclosed by virtue of its inclusion in this section. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a satellite positioning antenna, which can simultaneously receive right-handed GNSS signals and left-handed Lband satellite-based signals.

[0005] The present application discloses a satellite positioning antenna, comprising: a passive antenna board and an antenna receiving circuit board arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of connectors, wherein the plurality of connectors are used to connect the passive antenna board and the antenna receiving circuit board;

[0006] The passive antenna board is provided with a plurality of coupling and feeding units, a GNSS first frequency radiation unit and a GNSS second frequency radiation unit located around the plurality of coupling and feeding units, and the GNSS first frequency radiation unit is arranged opposite to the GNSS second frequency radiation unit and connected through a metal via;

[0007] The antenna includes a feeding network and a receiving circuit, wherein the feeding network includes: a plurality of feeding points arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of coupling feeding units, and a plurality of couplers; wherein the GNSS feeding network includes the plurality of feeding points and the first coupler, the second coupler and the third coupler among the plurality of couplers, and the Lband feeding network includes the plurality of feeding points and the first coupler, the second coupler and the fourth coupler among the plurality of couplers; the receiving circuit includes a GNSS receiving circuit coupled to the third coupler, an Lband receiving circuit coupled to the fourth coupler, and a combining amplifier circuit, wherein the combining amplifier circuit is coupled to the GNSS receiving circuit and the Lband receiving circuit, respectively.

[0008] In a preferred example, the feeding network includes four coupling feeding units, four feeding points corresponding to the four coupling feeding units, and four couplers; wherein the first feeding point and the second feeding point are respectively coupled to the output end and the coupling end of the second coupler, the third feeding point and the fourth feeding point are respectively coupled to the output end and the coupling end of the first coupler, the input end and the isolation end of the first coupler are respectively coupled to the coupling end of the fourth coupler and the output end of the third coupler, the input end and the isolation end of the second coupler are respectively coupled to the output end of the fourth coupler and the coupling end of the third coupler, the isolation end of the third coupler and the isolation end of the fourth coupler are respectively connected to the grounding resistor, the input end of the third coupler is coupled to the GNSS receiving circuit, and the input end of the fourth coupler is coupled to the Lband receiving circuit.

[0009] In a preferred example, the passive antenna board is a double-layer PCB board and includes a top plate and a bottom plate arranged opposite to each other, the multiple coupling feed units are multiple coupling feed units located on the bottom plate and are independent of each other, the GNSS first frequency radiation unit is an annular structure having the same center as the multiple fan-shaped coupling feed units and surrounding the multiple fan-shaped coupling feed units, and the GNSS second frequency radiation unit is a circular structure located on the top plate, and the circumference of the circular structure of the GNSS second frequency radiation unit corresponds to being located between the outer circumference and inner circumference of the annular structure of the GNSS first frequency radiation unit.

[0010] In a preferred example, the top plate is further provided with coupling connection points located in the GNSS second frequency radio frequency unit and arranged one-to-one with the multiple coupling feed units, and the coupling connection points are connected to the coupling feed units through metal vias.

[0011] In a preferred example, the coupling connection points and the feeding points are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are connected through the connecting member.

[0012] In a preferred example, the GNSS receiving circuit includes a first filter, a first low noise amplifier and a second filter connected in sequence.

[0013] In a preferred example, the Lband receiving circuit includes a third filter, a second low noise amplifier and a fourth filter which are connected in sequence.

[0014] In a preferred example, the combiner amplifier circuit includes a third low-noise amplifier and an output connector connected in sequence, and the third low-noise amplifier is coupled to the second filter and the fourth filter respectively.

[0015] In a preferred example, it also includes: a 4G antenna and a WiFi antenna respectively located at the edge of the passive antenna board.

[0016] The present application also discloses a positioning receiving device using the satellite positioning antenna as described above.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the main differences and effects of the embodiments of the present application are:

[0018] 1) Existing GNSS antenna technology solutions generally use low-loss dielectric materials, which have problems such as complex processing and high cost. This technical solution is an air dielectric antenna implemented using high-frequency PCB technology, which has the advantages of high antenna efficiency, light weight, mature and simple PCB processing technology, and low cost;

[0019] 2) The existing GNSS antenna technology solution can only support the reception of right-handed Lband satellite-based signals, but cannot receive left-handed Lband satellite-based signals. This technology solution can simultaneously receive right-handed GNSS signals and left-handed Lband satellite-based signals, and the two frequency band signals are combined into the same RF port and output to the GNSS receiver, avoiding the problem that the split receiving system needs to use two sets of independent antennas and receivers.

[0020] The specification of the present application records a large number of technical features, which are distributed in various technical solutions. If all possible combinations of technical features of the present application (i.e., technical solutions) are to be listed, the specification will be too long. In order to avoid this problem, the various technical features disclosed in the above-mentioned invention content of the present application, the various technical features disclosed in the various embodiments and examples below, and the various technical features disclosed in the accompanying drawings can be freely combined with each other to form various new technical solutions (these technical solutions should all be regarded as having been recorded in this specification), unless the combination of such technical features is technically infeasible. For example, in one example, feature A+B+C is disclosed, and in another example, feature A+B+D+E is disclosed, and features C and D are equivalent technical means that play the same role. Technically, only one can be used, and it is impossible to use them at the same time. Feature E can be combined with feature C technically. Then, the solution of A+B+C+D should not be regarded as having been recorded because it is technically infeasible, and the solution of A+B+C+E should be regarded as having been recorded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a satellite positioning antenna according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a top plate of a passive antenna board according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom plate of a passive antenna board according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a circuit principle block diagram of an antenna receiving circuit board in one embodiment of the present application.

[0025] In the accompanying drawings, the symbols are as follows:

[0026] 101: passive antenna board;

[0027] 102: antenna receiving circuit board;

[0028] 103: Connector;

[0029] 201: top plate of the passive antenna board;

[0030] 202: a bottom plate of a passive antenna board;

[0031] 2011: GNSS high frequency radiation unit;

[0032] 2021: Coupled feed unit;

[0033] 2022: GNSS high-frequency radiation unit;

[0034] 301: Feeding network;

[0035] 302: receiving circuit;

[0036] 3011-3014: first to fourth couplers;

[0037] 30111, 30121, 30131, 30141: input ends of the first to fourth couplers;

[0038] 30112, 30122, 30132, 30142: isolation ends of the first to fourth couplers;

[0039] 30113, 30123, 30133, 30143: output ends of the first to fourth couplers;

[0040] 30114, 30124, 30134, 30144: coupling ends of the first to fourth couplers;

[0041] 3021, 3023, 3024, 3026: filter;

[0042] 3022, 3025, 3027: low noise amplifier;

[0043] 3028: Output connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In the following description, many technical details are provided to help readers better understand the present application. However, those skilled in the art can understand that the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0045] Description of some concepts:

[0046] 3dB bridge coupler: a device in the field of electronics or communications, which is used to split the input signal into two equal-amplitude signal outputs with a phase difference of 90°.

[0047] GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is a system that uses satellites for global positioning, navigation and timing. It can provide accurate location information for any location on the earth's surface, including longitude, latitude and altitude, and can also accurately provide speed and time information. In GNSS, right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) refers to the polarization of electromagnetic waves of a signal. During the propagation of a right-hand polarized signal, the electric field vector rotates in a spiral shape, following the right-hand rule.

[0048] Lband refers to the radio spectrum with a frequency range of 1 GHz to 2 GHz. In Lband, left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) means that during the propagation of electromagnetic waves, the electric field vector rotates along the propagation direction according to the left-hand rule.

[0049] A filter is an electronic or signal processing device or system that selectively allows signals in a specific frequency range to pass while suppressing signals of other frequencies.

[0050] A low noise amplifier (LNA) is an electronic amplifier that amplifies weak signals while minimizing noise.

[0051] A connector is a device used to physically and electrically connect two electronic components, devices or systems. The main function of a connector is to provide a reliable electrical signal or data transmission channel and to facilitate plugging and unplugging operations.

[0052] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present application, a satellite positioning antenna is disclosed, and its structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the satellite positioning antenna includes a passive antenna board 101, an antenna receiving circuit board 102, and a plurality of connectors 103. The passive antenna board 101 is arranged opposite to the antenna receiving circuit board 102, and the plurality of connectors 103 are used to connect the passive antenna board 101 and the antenna receiving circuit board 102.

[0054] The passive antenna board 101 is provided with a plurality of coupling feed units, a GNSS first frequency radiation unit located around the plurality of coupling feed units, and a GNSS second frequency radiation unit arranged opposite to the GNSS first frequency radiation unit. The plurality of coupling feed units, the GNSS first frequency radiation unit and the GNSS second frequency radiation unit together constitute a GNSS / Lband compatible antenna part. In one embodiment, the GNSS first frequency radiation unit may be a GNSS low frequency radiation unit, the GNSS second frequency radiation unit may be a GNSS high frequency radiation unit, and the GNSS / Lband compatible antenna part includes both the GNSS high frequency radiation unit and the GNSS low frequency radiation unit, thereby realizing the antenna function covering the GNSS high frequency band and the low frequency band. The GNSS high frequency radiation unit and the GNSS low frequency radiation unit are connected by metal vias. In one embodiment, the passive antenna board 101 is a double-layer printed circuit board (PCB) board and includes a top plate and a bottom plate arranged opposite to each other. Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing a top plate 201 of a passive antenna board 101 is shown, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the bottom plate 202 of the passive antenna board 101 is shown. It should be noted that the top plate 201 of the passive antenna board 101 is arranged facing the antenna receiving circuit board 102, and the bottom plate 202 of the passive antenna board 101 is arranged away from the antenna receiving circuit board 102.

[0055] In one embodiment, the passive antenna board 101 may be a circular structure.

[0056] In one embodiment, the antenna receiving circuit board 102 may be a circular structure. In one embodiment, the size of the antenna receiving circuit board 102 may be larger than the passive antenna board 101. It should be understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the size of the antenna receiving circuit board 102 may be equal to the size of the passive antenna board 101, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0057] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the top plate 201 of the passive antenna board 101 includes a GNSS high-frequency radiation unit 2011, wherein the GNSS high-frequency radiation unit 2011 is a circular structure. The bottom plate 202 of the passive antenna board 101 includes a plurality of coupling feed units 2021 and a GNSS low-frequency radiation unit 2022, wherein the GNSS low-frequency radiation unit 2022 surrounds the plurality of coupling feed units 2021. The GNSS high-frequency radiation unit 2011 and the GNSS low-frequency radiation unit 2022 are arranged opposite to each other and connected through metal vias. The plurality of coupling feed units 2021 are a plurality of independent sector-shaped coupling feed units located in the same circular structure on the bottom plate 202, and the GNSS low-frequency radiation unit 2022 is a ring structure having the same center as the plurality of sector-shaped coupling feed units 2021 and surrounding the plurality of sector-shaped coupling feed units 2021. In one embodiment, the circumference of the circular structure of the GNSS high-frequency radiation unit 2011 is correspondingly located between the outer circumference and the inner circumference of the annular structure of the GNSS low-frequency radiation unit 2022, and the circular structure of the GNSS high-frequency radiation unit is connected to the annular structure of the GNSS low-frequency radiation unit through a plurality of metal vias (not shown in the figure). It should be noted that the circular structure of the GNSS high-frequency radiation unit 2011 is not limited to being correspondingly set between the outer circumference and the inner circumference of the annular structure of the GNSS low-frequency radiation unit 2022, and the present application is not limited thereto. For example, the circular structure of the GNSS high-frequency radiation unit 2011 can also be set to coincide with the outer circumference of the annular structure of the GNSS low-frequency radiation unit 2022, or to surround the annular structure of the GNSS low-frequency radiation unit 2022, and so on.

[0058] In one embodiment, the satellite positioning antenna further includes a 4G antenna and a WiFi antenna respectively located at the edge of the passive antenna board 101. Figure 2 As shown, the top plate 201 of the passive antenna board 101 includes a 4G antenna 2012 and a WiFi antenna 2013. The passive antenna board integrates communication antenna functions such as 4G and BT-WiFi, and is isolated from the central GNSS / Lband compatible antenna part by a grounded metal column, which can simultaneously ensure the omnidirectional low axial ratio characteristics of the GNSS / Lband circularly polarized antenna.

[0059] In one embodiment, the GNSS / Lband compatible antenna portion includes four coupling feed units 2021 , such as four sector-shaped coupling feed units. Figure 4The circuit principle block diagram of the antenna receiving circuit board 102 in one embodiment is shown. The antenna receiving circuit board 102 includes a feeding network 301 and a receiving circuit 302. The feeding network 301 includes four feeding points and four couplers that are arranged one by one with four coupling feeding units. For example, the feeding network 301 includes a first feeding point P1, a second feeding point P2, a third feeding point P3, a fourth feeding point P4, a first coupler 3011, a second coupler 3012, a third coupler 3013, and a fourth coupler 3014. The first feeding point P1 and the second feeding point P2 are coupled to the output terminal 30123 and the coupling terminal 30214 of the second coupler 3012, respectively; the third feeding point P3 and the fourth feeding point P4 are coupled to the output terminal 30113 and the coupling terminal 30114 of the first coupler 3011, respectively; the input terminal 30111 and the isolation terminal 30112 of the first coupler 3011 are coupled to the coupling terminal 30144 of the fourth coupler 3014 and the output terminal 30133 of the third coupler 3013, respectively; the input terminal 3012 of the second coupler 3012 is coupled to the coupling terminal 30144 of the fourth coupler 3014 and the output terminal 30133 of the third coupler 3013, respectively; The output terminal 30121 and the isolation terminal 30122 are respectively coupled to the output terminal 30143 of the fourth coupler 3014 and the coupling terminal 30131 of the third coupler 3013, the isolation terminal 30132 of the third coupler 3013 and the isolation terminal 30142 of the fourth coupler 3014 are respectively connected to a grounding resistor (for example, a 50 ohm grounding resistor), the input terminal 30131 of the third coupler 3013 is coupled to the GNSS right-hand receiving circuit, and the input terminal 30141 of the fourth coupler 3014 is coupled to the Lband left-hand receiving circuit.

[0060] In one embodiment, the coupler can be a 3dB bridge coupler, which is a passive microwave device mainly used for power distribution and synthesis. Its working principle is based on the basic concept of a directional coupler, which is a four-port network including an input end, an output end, a coupling end, and an isolation end. When a signal is input from the input end, a part of the power is directly output from the output end, while another part of the power is coupled to the coupling end output, and will not be output from the isolation end. If the coupling end is in the same direction as the output end, it is called a co-directional directional coupler. An important technical indicator of a 3dB bridge coupler is the coupling degree, which is defined as the logarithm of the ratio of the input power to the coupling end power. For a 3dB bridge coupler, its coupling degree is 3dB, which means that the input power is equal to the coupling end power, i.e. -3dB.

[0061] In one embodiment, the top plate 201 of the passive antenna board 101 is also provided with coupling connection points located in the GNSS high-frequency radio frequency unit 2011 and arranged one-to-one with multiple coupling feed units 2021 on the bottom plate 202 of the passive antenna board 101. For example, the bottom plate 202 of the passive antenna board 101 includes four coupling feed units 2021, and four coupling connection points D1, D2, D3, and D4 are arranged on the top plate 201 of the passive antenna board 101. The four coupling connection points D1, D2, D3, and D4 are arranged one-to-one with the coupling feed units 2021, and the coupling connection points D1, D2, D3, and D4 are connected to the coupling feed units 2021 through metal vias. In one embodiment, the coupling connection points D1, D2, D3, and D4 are arranged one-to-one with the feeding points P1, P2, P3, and P4 and are connected through connectors.

[0062] In this embodiment, the passive antenna board adopts an air dielectric antenna solution implemented by a high-frequency PCB process, and is connected and fed with a receiving circuit board through a metal column (i.e., a connector). The air between the antenna board and the PCB circuit board acts as the antenna medium, which has the advantages of high antenna efficiency and light weight.

[0063] In one embodiment, the GNSS right-hand receiving circuit includes a first filter 3021 , a first low noise amplifier 3022 , and a second filter 3023 connected in sequence.

[0064] In one embodiment, the Lband left-hand receiving circuit includes a third filter 3024, a second low noise amplifier 3025 and a fourth filter 3026 which are connected in sequence.

[0065] In one embodiment, the combiner amplifier circuit includes a third low noise amplifier 3027 and an output connector 3028 connected in sequence, and the third low noise amplifier 3027 is coupled to the second filter 3023 and the fourth filter 3026 respectively.

[0066] Through the above bridge coupler connection mode, when feeding at the output end 30133 of the third coupler 3013, the signals of the feeding points P1, P2, P3, and P4 meet the same amplitude and the phase decreases by 90° in sequence, thereby realizing the function of the GNSS right-hand circular polarization feeding network, that is, through multiple couplers, the phase of the feeding signal increases in sequence along the direction of multiple feeding points (such as counterclockwise direction) to form a GNSS right-hand feeding network. The GNSS right-hand circular polarization feeding signal is then filtered and amplified by the GNSS right-hand receiving circuit. When feeding at the input end 30141 of the fourth coupler 3014, the signals of the feeding points P1, P2, P3, and P4 meet the same amplitude and the phase increases by 90° in sequence, thereby realizing the function of the Lband left-hand circular polarization feeding network, that is, through multiple couplers, the phase of the feeding signal increases in sequence along the direction of multiple feeding points (such as clockwise direction) to form an Lband left-hand feeding network. The Lband left-hand circular polarization feed is then filtered and amplified by the Lband left-hand receiving circuit. The two signals are merged and output to the same RF port after passing through the filtering and amplification circuits respectively. The right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization antenna feeding networks of this technical solution reuse the feeding points P1, P2, P3, P4 of the same passive antenna and the corresponding first coupler 3011 and second coupler 3012 of the feeding bridge, so that the antenna structure and the feeding network structure are simplified, solving the problem of integrating the functions of the right-hand antenna and the left-hand antenna.

[0067] The present application adopts the same antenna radiation structure and constructs a right-handed GNSS antenna feeding network and a left-handed Lband antenna feeding network through a bridge coupler, which simplifies the antenna structure design and avoids the coupling isolation problem of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized antennas.

[0068] In summary, this application provides an integrated antenna technology solution that integrates right-hand GNSS full-band, left-hand Lband satellite-based, cellular 4G communication, and WiFi / Bluetooth communication functions. This technology solution simultaneously receives right-hand GNSS full-band and left-hand Lband satellite-based signals to achieve GNSS satellite-based differential positioning. At the same time, this technology solution uses a high-frequency PCB board to realize the antenna function, which has the characteristics of light weight, low cost, and reliable structure.

[0069] It should be noted that in the application documents of this patent, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one" do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements. In the application documents of this patent, if it is mentioned that an action is performed according to an element, it means that the action is performed at least according to the element, which includes two situations: performing the action only according to the element, and performing the action according to the element and other elements. Expressions such as multiple, multiple, and multiple include 2, 2 times, 2 kinds, and more than 2, more than 2 times, and more than 2 kinds.

[0070] The term "coupled to" and its derivatives may be used herein. "Coupled" may mean that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact. However, "coupled" may also mean that two or more elements are in indirect contact with each other, but still cooperate or interact with each other, and may mean that one or more other elements are coupled or connected between the elements referred to as being coupled to each other.

[0071] This specification includes combinations of the various embodiments described herein. Individual references to an embodiment (e.g., "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" or "optional embodiments") do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment; however, these embodiments are not mutually exclusive unless indicated as mutually exclusive or it is clear to a person skilled in the art that they are mutually exclusive. It should be noted that the word "or" is used in this specification in a non-exclusive sense unless the context clearly indicates or requires otherwise.

[0072] All documents mentioned in this specification are considered to be included in the disclosure of this application as a whole, so that they can be used as a basis for modification when necessary. In addition, it should be understood that the above is only a preferred embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification should be included in the scope of protection of one or more embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. A satellite positioning antenna, characterized in that: include: A passive antenna board and an antenna receiving circuit board arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of connectors, wherein the plurality of connectors are used to connect the passive antenna board and the antenna receiving circuit board; The passive antenna board is provided with a plurality of coupling and feeding units, a GNSS first frequency radiation unit and a GNSS second frequency radiation unit located around the plurality of coupling and feeding units, and the GNSS first frequency radiation unit is arranged opposite to the GNSS second frequency radiation unit and connected through a metal via; The antenna includes a feeding network and a receiving circuit, wherein the feeding network includes: a plurality of feeding points arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of coupling feeding units, and a plurality of couplers; wherein the GNSS feeding network includes the plurality of feeding points and the first coupler, the second coupler and the third coupler among the plurality of couplers, and the Lband feeding network includes the plurality of feeding points and the first coupler, the second coupler and the fourth coupler among the plurality of couplers; the receiving circuit includes a GNSS receiving circuit coupled to the third coupler, an Lband receiving circuit coupled to the fourth coupler, and a combining amplifier circuit, wherein the combining amplifier circuit is coupled to the GNSS receiving circuit and the Lband receiving circuit, respectively.

2. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding network includes four coupling feeding units, four feeding points corresponding to the four coupling feeding units, and four couplers; wherein the first feeding point and the second feeding point are respectively coupled to the output end and the coupling end of the second coupler, the third feeding point and the fourth feeding point are respectively coupled to the output end and the coupling end of the first coupler, the input end and the isolation end of the first coupler are respectively coupled to the coupling end of the fourth coupler and the output end of the third coupler, the input end and the isolation end of the second coupler are respectively coupled to the output end of the fourth coupler and the coupling end of the third coupler, the isolation end of the third coupler and the isolation end of the fourth coupler are respectively connected to the grounding resistor, the input end of the third coupler is coupled to the GNSS receiving circuit, and the input end of the fourth coupler is coupled to the Lband receiving circuit.

3. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive antenna board is a double-layer PCB board and includes a top plate and a bottom plate arranged opposite to each other. The multiple coupling feed units are multiple coupling feed units located on the bottom plate and are independent of each other. The GNSS first frequency radiation unit is an annular structure having the same center as the multiple fan-shaped coupling feed units and surrounding the multiple fan-shaped coupling feed units. The GNSS second frequency radiation unit is a circular structure located on the top plate, and the circumference of the circular structure of the GNSS second frequency radiation unit corresponds to being located between the outer circumference and the inner circumference of the annular structure of the GNSS first frequency radiation unit.

4. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top plate is also provided with coupling connection points located in the GNSS second frequency radio frequency unit and arranged one-to-one with the multiple coupling feed units, and the coupling connection points are connected to the coupling feed units through metal vias.

5. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coupling connection points are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the feeding points and are connected through the connection member.

6. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The GNSS receiving circuit includes a first filter, a first low noise amplifier and a second filter connected in sequence.

7. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Lband receiving circuit includes a third filter, a second low noise amplifier and a fourth filter which are connected in sequence.

8. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The combiner amplifier circuit includes a third low noise amplifier and an output connector connected in sequence, and the third low noise amplifier is coupled to the second filter and the fourth filter respectively.

9. The satellite positioning antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The 4G antenna and the WiFi antenna are respectively located at the edge of the passive antenna board.

10. A positioning receiving device, characterized in that: A satellite positioning antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used.

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