Skin care compositions and methods of use

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to skin care compositions comprising an effective amount of one or more hydrophilic vitamins and an effective amount of a low molecular weight hyaluronic acid or alkali metal hyaluronate (lt; in some embodiments, an average of about 75 kDa) (e.g., an average of 35 kDA to an average of 60 kDA) (e.g., about an average of about 50 kDA).

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related patent applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Application No. 63 / 348,630, entitled SKIN CARE COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF USE, filed on June 3, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to skin care compositions comprising one or more hydrophilic vitamins and low molecular weight hyaluronic acid or alkali metal hyaluronate (< avg 75 kDa) (e.g., avg 35 kDA to avg 60 kDA) (e.g., about avg 50 kDA) and methods of using and making these compositions. Background Art

[0004] Effective topical delivery of hydrophilic ingredients, including hydrophilic vitamins such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C), to viable regions of the skin has long been a challenging task. For example, pure ascorbic acid is a very hydrophilic active, which can limit its transport through the lipid channels that separate the keratinocytes of the outermost stratum corneum and form the primary barrier to active delivery. Although some hydrophilic vitamins can be "derivatized" to increase their hydrophobicity, thereby becoming more permeable alternatives, these derivatives lack the proven efficacy of topical applied hydrophilic vitamins such as ascorbic acid.

[0005] Although skin care compositions are often used to deliver active ingredients, the effects may be short-lived or ineffective because the active agent may not penetrate the layers of the skin. This challenge may be even more significant with the various hydrophilic ingredients used as surface active ingredients in many skin care compositions. Therefore, there is a need to enhance the surface delivery of hydrophilic ingredients such as ascorbic acid so that they can be effectively delivered across the protective barrier layer of the skin to the active areas of the skin. Summary of the invention

[0006] It has been unexpectedly discovered that hyaluronic acid ("HA") has a specific molecular weight correlation that can enhance and increase the skin penetration depth of hydrophilic vitamins (e.g., ascorbic acid). At a defined lower molecular weight (<average 75 kDa) (e.g., average 35 kDa to average 60 kDA) (e.g., about average 50 kDA), hyaluronic acid can have the effect of unexpectedly increasing the absorption and penetration of surface hydrophilic vitamins in the skin.

[0007] Hyaluronic acid (also known as hyaluronan or hyaluronate) is an anionic non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) widely distributed in the connective tissue of vertebrates and is the most abundant high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan in the extracellular matrix of soft periodontal tissue.

[0008] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a skin care composition (Composition 1.0) comprising:

[0009] a. an effective amount of one or more hydrophilic vitamins (eg, ascorbic acid or ascorbyl glucoside) (eg, vitamin B);

[0010] b. An effective amount of hyaluronic acid (HA) or an alkali metal hyaluronate having an average molecular weight (MW) of less than or equal to 75 kDa (eg, 35 kDa to 60 kDa) (eg, about 50 kDA).

[0011] For example, the present disclosure contemplates any of the following compositions (values ​​are given as percentages of the total weight of the composition unless otherwise indicated):

[0012] 1.1 The skin care composition of composition 1.0, wherein the average molecular weight of the hyaluronic acid or alkali metal hyaluronate is from about 30 kDa to about 70 kDa or from about 30 kDa to about 60 kDa. For example, the hyaluronic acid and / or alkali metal hyaluronate can be adjusted to have the following average molecular weight: from about 30 kDa to about 60 kDa, from about 30 kDa to about 55 kDa, from about 30 kDa to about 50 kDa, from about 30 kDa to about 45 kDa, from about 30 kDa to about 40 kDa, from about 30 kDa to about 35 kDa; from about 35 kDa to about 75 kDa, from about 35 kDa to about 60 kDa, from about 35 kDa to about 55 kDa, from about 35 kDa to about 50 kDa, from about 35 kDa to about 45 kDa, from about 35 kDa to about 40 kDa kDa, about 35 kDa to about 35 kDa; about 40 kDa to about 70 kDa, about 40 kDa to about 60 kDa, about 40 kDa to about 55 kDa, about 40 kDa to about 50 kDa, about 40 kDa to about 45 kDa; about 45 kDa to about 70 kDa, about 45 kDa to about 60 kDa, about 45 kDa to about 55 kDa, about 45 kDa to about 50 kDa; about 50 kDa to about 70 kDa, about 50 kDa to about 60 kDa, about 50 kDa to about 55 kDa, or any range or sub-range thereof.

[0013] 1.2. The aforementioned composition, wherein the average molecular weight of the hyaluronic acid or alkali metal hyaluronate polymer is 50 kDa (eg, about 50 kDa).

[0014] 1.3. Any of the foregoing compositions, wherein the composition comprises hyaluronic acid or an alkali metal hyaluronate (e.g., sodium hyaluronate) in an amount of 0.01% to 10% by weight, e.g., 0.01% to 5%, 0.05% to 5%, 0.1% to 2%, or 0.1% to 1.5%, or about 1%, or about 0.5%, or about 0.25% by weight, based on the weight of the oral care composition. The amount of hyaluronic acid and / or alkali metal hyaluronate in the skin care composition may be from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin care composition. For example, the total amount of hyaluronic acid and / or alkali metal hyaluronate in the skin care composition can be from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight, from about 0.5% to about 4% by weight, from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight, from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight, from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight, from about 0.5% to about 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin care composition; from about 0.75% to about 5% by weight, from about 0.75% to about 4% by weight, from about 0.75% to about 3% by weight, from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight, from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight, from about 0.5% to about 1% by weight; % to about 1.5 wt %; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 4 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 2 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 1.5 wt %; about 1.5 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 4 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 2 wt %; about 2 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 2 wt % to about 4 wt %, about 2 wt % to about 3 wt %; about 3 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 3 wt % to about 4 wt %, or any range or subrange thereof.

[0015] 1.4. The aforementioned composition, wherein the composition comprises hyaluronic acid or an alkali metal hyaluronate (eg, sodium hyaluronate) in an amount of 0.05 wt % to 5 wt % based on the weight of the oral care composition.

[0016] 1.5. The aforementioned composition, wherein the composition comprises hyaluronic acid or an alkali metal hyaluronate (eg, sodium hyaluronate) in an amount of 0.025 wt % to 2 wt % based on the weight of the oral care composition.

[0017] 1.6. Any of the preceding compositions, wherein the composition comprises hyaluronic acid or an alkali metal hyaluronate (eg, sodium hyaluronate) in an amount of about 1% by weight, based on the weight of the oral care composition.

[0018] 1.7. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the hydrophilic vitamin comprises vitamin C.

[0019] The skin care composition of 1.8.1.7, wherein the vitamin C is in a form selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid, ascorbyl glucoside, calcium ascorbate, calcium l-ascorbate dihydrate, magnesium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, magnesium L-ascorbyl phosphate (also known as magnesium ascorbyl phosphate or magnesium ascorbyl phosphate), L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate sesquimagnesium salt hydrate, (+) sodium L-ascorbate, dehydro-l-(+)-ascorbic acid dimer, sodium ascorbyl phosphate (also known as sodium ascorbyl phosphate, sodium l-ascorbyl phosphate) , 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt, L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate trisodium salt or L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate sodium), ascorbic acid-2-glucoside, ascorbyl dipalmitate, ascorbyl methylsilanol pectate, ascorbyl stearate, disodium ascorbyl sulfate, ascorbyl 6-palmitate, calcium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate, ascorbyl propionate, ascorbyl stearate, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl dipalmitate, ascorbic acid polypeptide, ethyl ascorbyl ether, ascorbyl ethylsilanol pectate and combinations thereof.

[0020] 1.9.1.8. The skin care composition wherein the vitamin C is ascorbic acid (eg, L-ascorbic acid).

[0021] 1.10.1.8 The skin care composition wherein the vitamin C is ascorbyl glucoside.

[0022] The skin care composition of any of 1.11.1.8 to 1.10 wherein vitamin C (e.g., ascorbic acid or ascorbyl glucoside) is present in an amount of 1% to 25%, e.g., 5% to 25%, or 10% to 25%, or 15% to 25%, or about 20%, by weight of the composition.

[0023] 1.12. Any of the foregoing skin care compositions, wherein the hydrophilic active ingredient comprises a B-complex vitamin (e.g., thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin B 12 , pantothenic acid, and biotin).

[0024] 1.13. The aforementioned skin care composition, wherein the B-complex vitamin is selected from the group consisting of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin B 12 , pantothenic acid, biotin and combinations thereof.

[0025] 1.14. Any of the foregoing skin care compositions, wherein the hydrophilic ingredient comprises vitamin B3 represented by the formula:

[0026]

[0027] wherein R is -CONH2 (ie, nicotinamide), -COOH (ie, nicotinic acid) or -CH2OH (ie, nicotinyl alcohol); derivatives thereof and / or salts thereof.

[0028] 1.15. The aforementioned skin care composition, wherein the vitamin B3 is selected from: nicotinic acid esters, non-vasodilatory nicotinic acid esters, nicotinyl amino acids, nicotinyl alcohol esters of carboxylic acids (e.g., linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, saturated or unsaturated (including aromatic), and substituted or unsubstituted), nicotinic acid N-oxide and nicotinamide N-oxide, tocopheryl nicotinate, and inositol hexanicotinate. Examples of nicotinamide derivatives include nicotinyl amino acids, derived from, for example, the reaction of activated nicotinic acid compounds (e.g., nicotinic acid azide or nicotinyl chloride) with amino acids; and nicotinyl alcohol esters of organic carboxylic acids (e.g., C1-C18). Specific examples of such derivatives include nicotinyl glycine and nicotinyl hydroxamic acid, which have the following chemical structures:

[0029] Nicotinyl Glycine:

[0030]

[0031] Nicotinyl hydroxamic acid:

[0032]

[0033] Additional niacinamide derivatives include nicotinyl alcohol esters, nicotinyl alcohol esters of carboxylic acids, salicylic acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, palmitic acid, etc. Additional examples of niacinamide derivatives include 2-chloronicotinamide, 6-aminonicotinamide, 6-methylnicotinamide, n-methyl-nicotinamide, n,n-diethylnicotinamide, n-(hydroxymethyl)-nicotinamide, quinolinic acid imide, nicotinanilide, n-benzylnicotinamide, n-ethylnicotinamide, nifenazone, nicotinaldehyde, isonicotinic acid, methylisonicotinic acid, thionicotinamide, propionylbenzylamide isoniazid, l-(3-pyridylmethyl)urea, 2-mercaptonicotinic acid, nicomol, niaprazine, and combinations thereof.

[0034] 1.16. Any of the preceding compositions wherein the vitamin B3 compound is present in an amount of from 1% to 25%, for example, from 5% to 25%, or from 10% to 25%, or from 15% to 25%, or from 1% to 10%, or from 1% to 5%, or about 20%, or about 10%, or about 5%, or about 4%, or any range or subrange formed therefrom, all by weight of the composition. The total amount of vitamin B3 present in the skin care composition can be from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin care composition.For example, the skin care composition can include vitamin B in a total amount of about 0.1% to about 5%, about 0.1% to about 4%, about 0.1% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 2%, about 0.1% to about 1%, about 0.1% to about 0.7% based on the total weight of the skin care composition; about 0.3% to about 5%, about 0.3% to about 4%, about 0.3% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 2%, about 0.3% to about 1%, about 0.3% to about 0.7%; about 0.5% to about 5%, about 0.5% to about 10%, about 0.5% to about 15%, about 0.5% to about 10%, about 0.5% to about 15%, about 0.5% to about 10%, about 0.5% to about 15%, about 0.5% to about 10%, about 0.5% to about 15%, about 0.5% to about 10%, about 0.5% to about 15%, about 0.5% to about 10%, about 0.5% to about 15%, about 0.5% to about 10%, about 0. % to about 4 wt%, about 0.5 wt% to about 3 wt%, about 0.5 wt% to about 2 wt%, about 0.5 wt% to about 1 wt%, about 0.5 wt% to about 0.7 wt%; about 0.7 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 0.7 wt% to about 4 wt%, about 0.7 wt% to about 3 wt%, about 0.7 wt% to about 2 wt%, about 0.7 wt% to about 1 wt%; about 1 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 8 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 6 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 4 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 3 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 2 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 1.5 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 1.25 wt %; about 1.25 wt % to about 10 wt %, about 1.25 wt % to about 8 wt %, about 1.25 wt % to about 6 wt %, about 1.25 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 1.25 wt % to about 4 wt %, about 1.25 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 1.25 wt % to about 2 wt %; about 1.5 wt % to about 10 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 8 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 6 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 4 wt %, about 1.25 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 1.25 wt % to about 2 wt %; % to about 10 wt %, about 2 wt % to about 8 wt %, about 2 wt % to about 6 wt %, about 2 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 2 wt % to about 4 wt %, about 2 wt % to about 3 wt %; about 3 wt % to about 10 wt %, about 3 wt % to about 8 wt %, about 3 wt % to about 6 wt %, about 3 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 3 wt % to about 4 wt %; about 4 wt % to about 10 wt %, about 4 wt % to about 8 wt %, about 4 wt % to about 6 wt %, about 4 wt % to about 5 wt %; about 5 wt % to about 10 wt %, about 5 wt % to about 8 wt %, about 5 wt % to about 6 wt %, or any range or sub-range thereof.

[0035] 1.17. The skin care composition of any of the preceding compositions wherein the vitamin B3 compound comprises niacinamide.

[0036] 1.18. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the composition comprises water.

[0037] 1.19. The aforementioned skin care composition, wherein the amount of water is 25 wt % to 90 wt %, such as about 30 wt %, about 40 wt %, about 50 wt %, about 60 wt %, about 70 wt %, about 80 wt %, about 90 wt %, or any range or sub-range thereof, based on the total weight of the skin care composition. For example, the total amount of water present in the skin care composition can be from about 25% to about 96% by weight, from about 40% to about 96% by weight, from about 50% to about 96% by weight, from about 60% to about 96% by weight, from about 70% to about 96% by weight, from about 80% to about 96% by weight, from about 85% to about 96% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin care composition; from about 25% to about 90% by weight, from about 40% to about 90% by weight; from about 50% to about 90% by weight, from about 60% to about 90% by weight, from about 70% to about 96% by weight, from about 80% to about 96% by weight, from about 85% to about 96% by weight; % to about 80 weight %, about 40 weight % to about 80 weight %, about 50 weight % to about 80 weight %, about 60 weight % to about 80 weight %, about 70 weight % to about 80 weight %; about 25 weight % to about 70 weight %, about 40 weight % to about 70 weight %, about 50 weight % to about 70 weight %, about 60 weight % to about 70 weight %; about 25 weight % to about 60 weight %, about 40 weight % to about 60 weight %, about 50 weight % to about 60 weight %; about 25 weight % to about 50 weight %, about 40 weight % to about 50 weight %, about 50 weight % to about 50 weight %, about 60 weight % to about 50 weight %, or any range or sub-range thereof.

[0038] 1.20. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the skin care composition further comprises a gelling agent, an additional antioxidant, a fragrance, or a combination thereof.

[0039] 1.21. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, wherein the skin care composition is topically delivered to the skin in a form selected from the group consisting of serums, creams, moisturizers, masks, cleansers, oils, salves, lotions, gels, ointments, pastes, facial make-up, toners, fragrances, and balms (e.g., lip balms).

[0040] 1.22. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the skin care composition further comprises an additional vitamin selected from the group consisting of vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, and combinations thereof.

[0041] 1.23. Any of the foregoing skin care compositions, wherein the composition comprises one or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of arginine, lysine, serine, citrulline, ornithine, creatine, histidine (e.g., a thiourea derivative of histidine, such as ergothioneine), diaminobutyric acid, diaminopropionic acid, alanine, aminobutyric acid, asparagine, cysteine, cystine, glutamine, glycine, hydroxyproline, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, taurine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine, and salts thereof, and combinations thereof. The skin care composition may comprise the one or more amino acids in an amount of about 0.01% to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin care composition.In some embodiments, the skin care composition can include an amino acid in an amount of about 0.01% to about 2% by weight, about 0.01% to about 1.7% by weight, about 0.01% to about 1.4% by weight, about 0.01% to about 1.2% by weight, about 0.01% to about 1% by weight, about 0.01% to about 0.8% by weight, about 0.01% to about 0.6% by weight, about 0.01% to about 0.4% by weight, about 0.01% to about 0.2% by weight, about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight, about 0.01% to about 0.05% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin care composition. % by weight; about 0.05 % by weight to about 3 % by weight, about 0.05 % by weight to about 2 % by weight, about 0.05 % by weight to about 1.7 % by weight, about 0.05 % by weight to about 1.4 % by weight, about 0.05 % by weight to about 1.2 % by weight, about 0.05 % by weight to about 1 % by weight, about 0.05 % by weight to about 0.8 % by weight, about 0.05 % by weight to about 0.6 % by weight, about 0.05 % by weight to about 0.4 % by weight, about 0.05 % by weight to about 0.2 % by weight, about 0.05 % by weight to about 0.1 % by weight; about 0.1 % by weight to about 3 % by weight, about 0.1 % by weight to about 2 % by weight, about 0.1 % by weight to about 1 .7 wt %, about 0.1 wt % to about 1.4 wt %, about 0.1 wt % to about 1.2 wt %, about 0.1 wt % to about 1 wt %, about 0.1 wt % to about 0.8 wt %, about 0.1 wt % to about 0.6 wt %, about 0.1 wt % to about 0.4 wt %, about 0.1 wt % to about 0.2 wt %; about 0.3 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 2 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 1.7 wt %; about 0.3 wt % to about 1.4 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 1.2 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 1 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 0.8 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 0.6 wt %; about 0.6 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 2 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 1.7 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 1.4 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 1.2 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 1 wt %; about 1 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 2 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 1.7 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 1.4 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 1.2 wt %; about 1.5 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 2 wt %, about 2 wt % to about 3 wt %, or any range or sub-range thereof.

[0042] 1.24. The total amount of amino acids present in the skin care composition can be from about 0.1% to about 7% by weight, based on the total weight of the skin care composition. For example, the total amount of amino acids in the skin care composition can be from about 0.1% to about 6%, from about 0.1% to about 5%, from about 0.1% to about 3%, from about 0.1% to about 2%, from about 0.1% to about 1.7%, from about 0.1% to about 1.4%, from about 0.1% to about 1.2%, from about 0.1% to about 1%, from about 0.1% to about 0.8%, from about 0.1% to about 0.1 ... 6 wt %, about 0.1 wt % to about 0.4 wt %, about 0.1 wt % to about 0.2 wt %; about 0.3 wt % to about 7 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 2 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 1.7 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 1.4 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 1.2 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 1 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 0.8 wt %, about 0.3 wt % to about 0. .6 wt %; about 0.6 wt % to about 7 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 2 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 1.7 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 1.4 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 1.2 wt %, about 0.6 wt % to about 1 wt %; about 1 wt % to about 7 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 2 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 1. 7 weight %, about 1 weight % to about 1.4 weight %, about 1 weight % to about 1.2 weight %; about 1.5 weight % to about 7 weight %, about 1.5 weight % to about 5 weight %, about 1.5 weight % to about 3 weight %, about 1.5 weight % to about 2 weight %, about 2 weight % to about 7 weight %, about 2 weight % to about 5 weight %, about 2 weight % to about 3 weight %; about 3 weight % to about 7 weight %, about 3 weight % to 5 weight %, about 4 weight % to about 7 weight %, about 4 weight % to 6 weight %, or any range or sub-range thereof.

[0043] 1.25. The aforementioned skin care composition wherein the composition comprises taurine, arginine, and glycine.

[0044] 1.26. The aforementioned skin care composition, wherein the weight ratio of taurine:arginine:glycine is (1.5 to 69):(0.5 to 40):(0.5 to 1.5), respectively. For example, the skin care composition can be formulated to have a weight ratio of taurine to arginine to glycine (taurine:arginine:glycine) of about 85:45:1 to about 45:24:1. In some embodiments, the skin care composition has a weight ratio of taurine to arginine to glycine of about 80:42:1 to about 50:30:1; about 75:40:1 to about 55:29:1; about 70:37:1 to about 60:31:1, or any range or subrange thereof.

[0045] 1.27. The aforementioned composition wherein the weight ratio of taurine:arginine:glycine is approximately (65):(34):(1), respectively.

[0046] 1.28. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, wherein the composition comprises an additional ingredient selected from the group consisting of carnosine, cica (asiatica sideroside), magnesium sulfate, sugar isomerates, ketocarotenoids (e.g., astaxanthin), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), and combinations of two or more thereof.

[0047] 1.29. Any of the preceding skin care compositions further comprising a topically acceptable carrier.

[0048] 1.30. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein one or more ingredients are encapsulated in a delivery vesicle (eg, a multilamellar vesicle (MLV)).

[0049] 1.31. The aforementioned skin care composition, wherein the MLV comprises a liposomal amount of polyglyceryl-10 dioleate and at least one of polyglyceryl-10 dilinoleate or polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate, wherein the weight ratio of polyglyceryl-10 dioleate to at least one of polyglyceryl-10 dilinoleate or polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate is 300:1 to 5:1.

[0050] 1.32. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the MLV comprises one or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of polyglyceryl-10 dilinoleate, polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate, polyglyceryl-10 dioleate, caprylic / capric triglyceride, and combinations of two or more thereof.

[0051] 1.33. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the skin care composition is delivered via transdermal injection (eg, mesotherapy).

[0052] 1.34. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, comprising:

[0053] - an effective amount of hyaluronic acid (e.g., 30 kDa to 60 kDa) (e.g., about 50 kDa); and

[0054] - An effective amount of ascorbic acid (eg, L-ascorbic acid).

[0055] 1.35. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, comprising:

[0056] - 1 to 5 wt. % of hyaluronic acid of about 50 kDa; and

[0057] - 1 to 25 wt. % ascorbic acid (eg, L-ascorbic acid), wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

[0058] 1.36. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, comprising:

[0059] - an effective amount of hyaluronic acid (e.g., 30 kDa to 60 kDa) (e.g., about 50 kDa); and

[0060] - An effective amount of ascorbyl glucoside.

[0061] 1.37. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, comprising:

[0062] - 1 to 5 wt. % of hyaluronic acid of about 50 kDa; and

[0063] - 1 to 25 wt. % ascorbyl glucoside, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

[0064] 1.38. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, comprising:

[0065] - an effective amount of hyaluronic acid (e.g., 30 kDa to 60 kDa) (e.g., about 50 kDa); and

[0066] - Effective amounts of ascorbic acid (eg, L-ascorbic acid) and ascorbyl glucoside.

[0067] 1.39. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the skin care composition is delivered via transdermal injection (eg, mesenchymal therapy).

[0068] 1.40. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein one or more ingredients are encapsulated in a delivery vesicle (eg, a multilamellar vesicle (MLV)).

[0069] 1.41. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, wherein the skin care composition is in a form selected from the group consisting of serums, creams, moisturizers, masks, cleansers, oils, salves, lotions, gels, ointments, pastes, facial makeup, and balms (e.g., lip balms).

[0070] 1.42. Any of the preceding compositions wherein the composition comprises a thickener.

[0071] 1.43. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the thickener comprises a gum optionally selected from xanthan gum, carrageenan, and combinations of two or more thereof.

[0072] 1.44. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the composition comprises a humectant, optionally wherein the humectant is selected from glycerin, sorbitol, and combinations of two or more thereof.

[0073] 1.45. Any of the preceding skin care compositions comprising an additional antioxidant selected from the group consisting of flavonoids, phytoalexins, carnosine, tocotrienols, lipoic acid, carotenoids, melatonin, and any combination thereof.

[0074] 1.46. Any of the foregoing skin care compositions, further comprising an anti-inflammatory agent selected from the group consisting of dexamethasone, prednisolone, corticosterone, budesonide, sulfasalazine, mesalazine, cetirizine, diphenhydramine, antipyrine, methyl salicylate, loratadine, thymol, carvacrol, bisabolol, allantoin, eucalyptol, phenazone, propyphenazone, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and any combination thereof.

[0075] 1.47. Any of the preceding compositions further comprising an antipruritic agent, wherein the antipruritic agent is selected from methylsulfonylmethane, sodium bicarbonate, calamine, allantoin, kaolin, peppermint, tea tree oil, camphor, menthol, hydrocortisone, and any combination of two or more thereof.

[0076] 1.48. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, wherein the skin care composition comprises:

[0077] - alpha-tocopherol;

[0078] - pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid ("PCA") and / or its salts (e.g., sodium PCA);

[0079] - Niacinamide;

[0080] - hyaluronic acid (e.g., average molecular weight 50 kDa); and

[0081] - Ascorbic acid and / or ascorbyl glucoside.

[0082] 1.49. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, wherein the skin care composition comprises:

[0083] - alpha-tocopherol;

[0084] - pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid ("PCA") and / or its salts (e.g., sodium PCA);

[0085] - Hyaluronic acid (eg, average 50 kDa); and

[0086] - Vitamin B.

[0087] 1.50. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and / or salt thereof comprises L-pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and / or salt thereof. In some embodiments, the skin care composition comprises pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and / or salt thereof in an amount of about 0.1 wt. % to about 5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the personal care composition. For example, the total amount of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and / or salt thereof present in the skin care composition can be from about 0.1 wt % to about 5 wt %, from about 0.1 wt % to about 4 wt %, from about 0.1 wt % to about 3 wt %, from about 0.1 wt % to about 2 wt %, from about 0.1 wt % to about 1 wt %, from about 0.1 wt % to about 0.7 wt %; from about 0.3 wt % to about 5 wt %, from about 0.3 wt % to about 4 wt %, from about 0.3 wt % to about 3 wt %, from about 0.1 wt % to about 2 wt %, from about 0.3 wt % to about 1 wt %, from about 0.3 wt % to about 0.7 wt %; from about 0.5 wt % to about 5 wt %, from about 0.5 wt % to about 4 wt %, from about 0.5 wt % to about 3 wt %, from about 0.5 wt % to about 2 wt %, from about 0.5 wt % to about 1 wt %, from about 0.5 wt % to about 0.7 wt %; .7 wt % to about 4 wt %, about 0.7 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 0.7 wt % to about 2 wt %, about 0.7 wt % to about 1 wt %; about 1 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 4 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 2 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 1.5 wt %, about 1 wt % to about 1.25 wt %; about 1.25 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 1.25 wt % to about 4 wt %. %, about 1.25 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 1.25 wt % to about 2 wt %; about 1.5 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 4 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 3 wt %, about 1.5 wt % to about 2 wt %; about 2 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 2 wt % to about 4 wt %, about 2 wt % to about 3 wt %; about 3 wt % to about 5 wt %, about 3 wt % to about 4 wt %, or any range or sub-range thereof.

[0088] 1.51. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the hyaluronic acid is acetylated.

[0089] 1.52. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the composition comprises sodium hyaluronate.

[0090] 1.53. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the hydrophilic vitamin is a polar compound comprising one or more ionic groups.

[0091] 1.54. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the hydrophilic vitamin has a degree of wettability such that the contact angle (θ) of the compound surface is < 90°.

[0092] 1.55. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the amount of hyaluronic acid (eg, average 30 kDa to 60 kDa) (eg, average 50 kDa) is effective to increase or enhance the absorption and penetration of hydrophilic vitamins into the skin.

[0093] 1.56. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, wherein the skin care composition is free or substantially free of hydroquinone. In some cases, the skin care composition comprises about 4% or less, about 3% or less, about 2% or less, about 1% or less, about 0.5% or less, about 0.1% or less of hydroquinone, based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

[0094] 1.57. Any of the preceding skin care compositions, wherein the skin care composition is free or substantially free of ethanol. In some cases, the skin care composition comprises about 4% or less, about 3% or less, about 2% or less, about 1% or less, about 0.5% or less, about 0.1% or less, by weight, of ethanol, based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

[0095] 1.58. Any of the preceding compositions, wherein the amount of hyaluronic acid (e.g., 30 kDa to 60 kDa on average) (e.g., 50 kDa on average) is effective for delivering hydrophilic vitamins deeper than the stratum corneum of the skin (e.g., effective for delivering hydrophilic vitamins to the dermis or epidermis).

[0096] 1.59. Any of the foregoing compositions, wherein the hydrophilic vitamin has a LogP less than 0 (e.g., ≤ -1) (e.g., from -0.1 to -1). LogP refers to a constant (partition coefficient) defined by log10. The partition coefficient (P) can be determined by the formula: P = [organic] / [aqueous]. The partition coefficient (P) describes the tendency of a neutral (uncharged) compound to dissolve in the aqueous portion and the organic portion of a two-phase system.

[0097] 1.60. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the skin care is single-phase.

[0098] 1.61. Any of skin care compositions 1.0 to 1.57 wherein the skin care composition is biphasic.

[0099] 1.62. Any of the preceding skin care compositions wherein the skin care composition is biphasic and comprises a first phase and a second phase, wherein the first phase comprises hyaluronic acid, and wherein the second phase comprises a hydrophilic vitamin (eg, ascorbic acid).

[0100] 1.63. A skin care composition of 1.60 wherein a first phase comprising hyaluronic acid is applied to the skin followed by application of a second phase comprising a hydrophilic vitamin (eg, ascorbic acid).

[0101] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a skin care composition (Composition 2.0), for example, a skin care composition for inhibiting, treating or reducing damage to the skin caused by reactive oxygen species. In one aspect, the skin care composition used can be any one of Composition 1.0 et seq., etc.

[0102] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for inhibiting, treating or reducing damage to the skin caused by reactive oxygen species (Method 1.0), wherein the method comprises administering an effective amount of any of Compositions 1.0 et seq. to a subject in need thereof.

[0103] 1.1 Method 1.0, wherein the skin care composition (eg, any of compositions 1.0 et seq.) is delivered by transdermal injection.

[0104] 1.2 Method 1.0, wherein the skin care composition is topically delivered to the skin using a serum, cream, moisturizer, mask, cleanser, oil, salves, lotions, gels, ointments, pastes, facial make-up, toners, fragrances, or balms (e.g., lip balms).

[0105] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of depositing a surface-active compound on the skin (Method 2.0), comprising applying to the skin an effective amount of any of the skin care compositions disclosed herein (e.g., any of Compositions 1 et seq.).

[0106] 2.1 Method 2.0, wherein the skin care composition (eg, any of compositions 1.0 et seq.) is delivered by transdermal injection.

[0107] 2.2 Method 2.0, wherein the skin care composition is topically delivered to the skin using a serum, cream, moisturizer, mask, cleanser, oil, salves, lotions, gels, ointments, pastes, facial make-up, toners, fragrances, or balms (e.g., lip balms).

[0108] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method selected from the following (Method 3.0):

[0109] - Activate skin cells in a subject in need thereof;

[0110] - enhancing the cellular energy of skin cells (e.g., dermal cells) in a subject in need thereof;

[0111] - reducing or inhibiting cell damage (e.g., from reactive oxygen species, UV light damage) in a subject in need thereof;

[0112] - performing cellular detoxification (e.g., in dermal cells) in a subject in need thereof, and combinations of two or more thereof.

[0113] Wherein any of the above methods comprises applying to the skin an effective amount of any of the skin care compositions disclosed herein (eg, any of Composition 1 et seq.).

[0114] 3.1. Method 3.0, wherein the skin care composition (eg, any of compositions 1.0 et seq.) is delivered by transdermal injection.

[0115] 3.2. Method 3.0, wherein the skin care composition is topically delivered to the skin using a serum, cream, moisturizer, mask, cleanser, oil, salves, lotions, gels, ointments, pastes, facial make-up, toners, fragrances, or balms (e.g., lip balms).

[0116] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method selected from the following (Method 4.0):

[0117] - Treating redness and / or reducing skin pore size in a subject in need thereof;

[0118] -Treatment of fine lines, wrinkles or scars in subjects who need it;

[0119] - Treatment to increase the smoothness, hydration and / or elasticity of the skin of a subject in need thereof;

[0120] - reducing or inhibiting cell damage (e.g., from reactive oxygen species, UV light damage) in a subject in need thereof;

[0121] - performing cellular detoxification (e.g., in dermal cells) in a subject in need thereof, and combinations of two or more thereof.

[0122] Wherein any of the above methods comprises applying to the skin an effective amount of any of the skin care compositions disclosed herein (eg, any of Composition 1 et seq.).

[0123] 4.1 Method 4.0, wherein the skin care composition (eg, any of compositions 1.0 et seq.) is delivered by transdermal injection.

[0124] 4.2 Method 4.0, wherein the skin care composition is topically delivered to the skin using a serum, cream, moisturizer, mask, cleanser, oil, salves, lotions, gels, ointments, pastes, facial make-up, toners, fragrances, or balms (e.g., lip balms).

[0125] In some embodiments, the skin care composition (e.g., any of compositions 1.0 et seq.) comprises an oil selected from the group consisting of sunflower oil, olive oil, shea butter, jojoba oil, almond oil, grapeseed oil, rosehip seed oil, mink oil, castor oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, and combinations thereof, optionally wherein the oil is sunflower oil.

[0126] In some embodiments, the skin care composition (e.g., any of Composition 1.0 et seq.) comprises a thickener. In some embodiments, the thickener comprises a gum optionally selected from xanthan gum, carrageenan, and combinations thereof.

[0127] In some embodiments, the skin care composition (eg, any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.) comprises a humectant, optionally, wherein the humectant is selected from glycerin, sorbitol, and combinations thereof.

[0128] In some embodiments, the skin care composition (eg, any of compositions 1.0 et seq.) comprises water.

[0129] In some embodiments, the skin care composition (e.g., any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.) is free or substantially free of sulfates. In some cases, the skin care composition comprises about 4 wt % or less, about 3 wt % or less, about 2 wt % or less, about 1 wt % or less, about 0.5 wt % or less, about 0.1 wt % or less of sulfates and / or sulfate-based compounds, based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

[0130] In some embodiments, the skin care composition (eg, any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.) further comprises a gelling agent, an additional antioxidant, a fragrance, or a combination thereof.

[0131] In some embodiments, the composition (eg, any of composition 1.0 et seq.) is in a form selected from the group consisting of a serum, a cream, a moisturizer, a mask, a cleanser, a facial makeup, and a balm (eg, a lip balm).

[0132] The composition of the present disclosure (e.g., any one of composition 1.0 et seq.) can be any type of skin care composition. In certain embodiments, the composition is any composition that can be formulated into a surface skin care preparation suitable for application to the skin. Examples of such compositions include, but are not limited to, serums, creams, moisturizers, facial masks, cleansers (e.g., facial cleansers), facial cosmetics, balms (e.g., lip balms), and cosmetics. The composition can include a single phase or can be a multiphase system, e.g., a system comprising a polar phase and an oil phase, optionally in the form of a stable emulsion. In certain aspects, the skin care composition of the present disclosure is formulated in a manner suitable for surface injection.

[0133] The composition of the present disclosure (e.g., any of composition 1.0 et seq.) can be liquid, semisolid or solid. The formulation can be provided in any suitable container such as an aerosol can, a tube, or a container with a porous lid, a roll-on container, a bottle, a container with an open end, etc.

[0134] In some aspects, water may be present in the compositions of the present disclosure (e.g., any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.). Water used to prepare commercial skin care compositions should be deionized and free of organic impurities. When incorporated into a formulation, water may constitute the balance of the composition and account for about 10% to about 90% by weight, or about 10% to about 80% by weight of the skin care composition by weight. This amount of water includes the free water added plus the amount introduced with other materials such as glycerin, sorbitol, or any component of the present disclosure.

[0135] In some embodiments, the skin care compositions of the present disclosure (e.g., any of compositions 1.0 et seq.) may include one or more pH adjusters. When incorporated into a formulation, pH adjusters may include, but are not limited to, lactic acid, sodium hydroxide, and / or citric acid.

[0136] In some embodiments, the skin care composition (e.g., any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.) may also include a betaine zwitterionic surfactant. In some aspects, the betaine zwitterionic surfactant may be C8-C 16 Aminopropyl betaine, for example, cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0137] In some embodiments, the skin care compositions described herein (e.g., any of compositions 1.0 et seq.) may also include a nonionic block copolymer selected from Poloxamer 338, Poloxamer 407, Poloxamer 237, Poloxamer 217, Poloxamer 124, Poloxamer 184, Poloxamer 185, and combinations of two or more thereof.

[0138] As used herein, the term "effective amount" means the amount of active ingredient and / or skin care composition required to increase or enhance the absorption and penetration of one or more surface hydrophilic vitamins into the skin.

[0139] As used herein, "substantially free" of a certain material can refer to a composition wherein the material is present in an amount of less than 0.1 wt%, less than 0.05 wt%, less than 0.01 wt%, less than 0.005 wt%, less than 0.001 wt%, or less than 0.0001 wt%, based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

[0140] As used herein, "skin care composition" is intended to refer to a composition whose intended use may include promoting or improving the health, cleanliness, smell, appearance or attractiveness of the skin. For example, the skin care composition may include essences, creams, moisturizers, facial masks, cleansers, oils, salves, lotions, gels, ointments, pastes, facial cosmetics, toners, essences and balms (e.g., lip balms). The skin care composition of the present disclosure (e.g., any one of composition 1.0 and below) can be applied to the skin by the user or consumer surface. In some aspects, the skin care composition of the present disclosure can be applied by injection (e.g., subcutaneous injection or dermal injection). In some aspects, the skin care composition is intended to refer to a product for use in a home or professional setting.

[0141] In certain aspects, the skin care compositions of the present disclosure (e.g., any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.) may comprise one or more surface active compounds selected from antimicrobial agents, vitamins, drugs, fragrance materials, antioxidants, other skin care ingredients, and combinations of two or more thereof.

[0142] As used herein, unless otherwise specified, "vitamin E" refers to a family of four isomers of tocopherol and four isomers of tocotrienol. All eight isomers of vitamin E have a 6-chromogenol ring structure and a side chain. Four tocopherols include fully saturated side chains, and include α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, β-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol. Four tocotrienols include unsaturated side chains, and include α-tocotrienol, γ-tocotrienol, β-tocotrienol and δ-tocotrienol. As used herein, unless otherwise specified, the term "vitamin E" may refer to any one or more of the eight isomers. For example, as used herein, vitamin E may be or may include α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, α-tocotrienol, γ-tocotrienol, β-tocotrienol, δ-tocotrienol or one or more of any combination thereof. In at least one embodiment, vitamin E includes at least one of the four tocopherols. It should be understood that vitamin E and / or its isomers can be or can include natural forms of vitamin E, synthetic forms of vitamin E, or combinations thereof. Any one or more isomers of vitamin E can be "d" type, "l" type, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, vitamin E is vitamin E acetate or vitamin E succinate. In some embodiments, vitamin E is vitamin E acetate.

[0143] As used herein, "vitamin C" can be ascorbic acid or a derivative thereof. Ascorbic acid exists as two enantiomers, usually denoted "l" ("levorotatory") and "d" ("dextrorotatory"). The "l" isomer is the most commonly encountered one. Ascorbic acid is also known as L(+)-ascorbic acid or l-ascorbic acid. The ascorbic acid derivative may be or may include, but is not limited to, L-ascorbic acid, calcium ascorbate, calcium l-ascorbate dihydrate, magnesium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, magnesium L-ascorbyl phosphate (also known as: magnesium ascorbyl phosphate or magnesium ascorbyl phosphate), L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate sesquimagnesium salt hydrate, (+) sodium L-ascorbate, dehydro-l-(+)-ascorbic acid dimer, sodium ascorbyl phosphate (also known as: sodium ascorbyl phosphate, sodium l-ascorbyl phosphate, 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt, L- Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate trisodium salt or L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate sodium), ascorbic acid-2-glucoside, ascorbyl dipalmitate, ascorbyl methylsilanol pectate, ascorbyl stearate, ascorbyl sulfate disodium, ascorbyl 6-palmitate, ascorbyl phosphate calcium, ascorbyl acetate, ascorbyl propionate, ascorbyl stearate, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl dipalmitate, ascorbyl glucoside, ascorbic acid polypeptide, ethyl ascorbyl ether, ascorbyl ethylsilanol pectate, etc., or a combination thereof.

[0144] For example, the skin care composition comprises a vitamin C selected from ascorbyl glucoside, ascorbic acid-2-glucoside, ascorbyl acetate, and a combination of two or more thereof. In certain embodiments, the skin care composition comprises ascorbyl glucoside, ascorbic acid-2-glucoside, or a combination thereof. In at least one embodiment, the one or more vitamin Cs include ascorbyl glucoside.

[0145] The total amount of vitamin C (eg, ascorbic acid or a derivative thereof) present in the skin care composition can be from about 0.1 wt. % to about 5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the skin care composition. For example, the skin care composition can include a total amount of vitamin C of about 0.1% to about 5%, about 0.1% to about 4%, about 0.1% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 2%, about 0.1% to about 1%, about 0.1% to about 0.7%; about 0.3% to about 5%, about 0.3% to about 4%, about 0.3% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 2%, about 0.3% to about 1%, about 0.3% to about 0.7%; about 0.5% to about 5%, about 0.5% to about 4%, about 0.5% to about 3%, about 0.5% to about 2%, about 0.5% to about 1%, about 0.5% to about 0.7%; about 0.7% to about 5%, about 0.7% to about 4%, about 0.7% to about 3%, about 0.5% to about 2%, about 0.5% to about 1%, about 0.5% to about 0.7%; % to about 4 wt%, about 0.7 wt% to about 3 wt%, about 0.7 wt% to about 2 wt%, about 0.7 wt% to about 1 wt%; about 1 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 4 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 3 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 2 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 1.5 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 1.25 wt%; about 1.25 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 1.25 wt% to about 4 wt%, about 1.25 wt% to about 3 wt%, about 1.25 wt% to about 2 wt%; about 1.5 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 1.5 wt% to about 4 wt%, about 1.5 wt% to about 3 wt%, about 1.5 wt% to about 2 wt%; about 2 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 2 wt% to about 4 wt%, about 2 wt% to about 3 wt%; about 3 wt% to about 5 wt%, about 3 wt% to about 4 wt%, or any range or subrange thereof.

[0146] As used herein, "vitamin D" refers to a group of fat-soluble open-ring steroids that are responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, as well as many other biological effects. The two main forms are vitamin D2 or ergocalciferol, and vitamin D3 or cholecalciferol. Vitamin D includes vitamin D1 (a mixture of molecular compounds of ergocalciferol and luminosterol), vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), vitamin D4 (22-dihydroergocalciferol), and vitamin D5 (glutamate).

[0147] As used herein, "vitamin K" is a group of compounds with a common chemical structure of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone. Vitamin K plays a role in blood coagulation, bone metabolism, and regulating blood calcium levels. Vitamin K includes vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and vitamin K2 (menadione). Vitamin K2 has an unsaturated isoprenyl side chain and is designated as MK-4 to MK-13 based on the length of their side chains.

[0148] Optional ingredients that may be included in the skin care compositions of the present invention include: solvents; water-soluble alcohols, such as C 2-8 Alcohols, including ethanol; glycols, including propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, and mixtures thereof; glycerides, including mono-, di-, and triglycerides; medium- to long-chain organic acids, alcohols, and esters; surfactants, including emulsifiers and dispersants; amino acids, including glycine; structurants, including thickeners and gelling agents, such as polymers, silicates, and silica; emollients; fragrances; and colorants, including dyes and pigments.

[0149] The skin care compositions of the present disclosure (e.g., any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.) may optionally contain an emollient in any desired amount to achieve the desired emollient effect. Emollients are known in the art and are used to impart a soothing effect to the skin. Non-volatile emollients are preferred. Classes of non-volatile emollients include non-silicone emollients and silicone emollients, e.g., polysilicone-11. Non-volatile non-silicone emollients include benzoic acid C 12-15The non-volatile silicone material may be a polyether siloxane, a polyalkylaryl siloxane, or a polyether siloxane copolymer. An exemplary non-volatile silicone material is phenyl trimethicone or polymethylsilsesquioxane. Examples include, but are not limited to, PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-3 myristyl ether, secondary alcohol ethoxylates, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid and its salts, glyceryl monoricinoleate, isobutyl palmitate, glyceryl monostearate, isocetyl stearate, sulfated tallow, oleyl alcohol, propylene glycol, isopropyl laurate, mink oil, sorbitan stearate, cetyl alcohol, hydrogenated castor oil, stearyl stearate, hydrogenated soy glycerides, isopropyl isostearate, hexyl laurate, dimethyl brazilate, decyl oleate, diisopropyl adipate, dibutyl sebacate, diisopropyl sebacate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, isononyl isononanoate, isodecyl isononanoate, isotridecyl isononanoate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl stearate, di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, di-(2-ethylhexyl) succinate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl stearate, octadecyl alcohol, butyl stearate, glyceryl monostearate, polyethylene glycol, oleic acid, triethylene glycol, lanolin, castor oil, sunflower oil, acetylated lanolin alcohol, acetylated lanolin, petrolatum, isopropyl lanolin, fatty acids, mineral oil, butyl myristate, isostearic acid, palmitic acid, PEG-23 oleyl ether, oleyl oleate, isopropyl linoleate, cetyl lactate, lauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, quaternized hydroxyalkyl, aminoglucosamine esters, vegetable oil, isodecyl oleate, isostearyl neopentanoate, myristyl myristate, ethoxylated myristate oleyl, diethylene glycol stearate, ethylene glycol monostearate, myristyl stearate, isopropyl lanolin, paraffin, glycyrrhizic acid, hydroxyethyl stearamide. In some embodiments, the composition comprises an oil selected from the group consisting of sunflower oil, olive oil, shea butter, jojoba oil, almond oil, grape seed oil, rosehip seed oil, mink oil, castor oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the composition comprises sunflower oil.

[0150] The skin care compositions of the present disclosure (e.g., any of Composition 1.0 et seq.) may optionally include one or more wetting agents. Wetting agents may reduce evaporation and also aid in preservation by reducing water activity, and may also impart a desired sweetness or flavor to the composition. Exemplary wetting agents may be or may include, but are not limited to, glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, xylitol, etc., or any mixture or combination thereof. In some embodiments, the wetting agent is selected from glycerol, sorbitol, and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the wetting agent is glycerol.

[0151] The skin care composition of the present disclosure (e.g., any one of composition 1.0 et seq.) may optionally include a thickener. Exemplary thickeners may be or may include, but are not limited to, colloidal silicon dioxide, fumed silicon dioxide, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) polymers, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), etc., or mixtures or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the thickening system includes a cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) polymer. Exemplary thickeners may also be or may include, but are not limited to, carbomer (e.g., carboxyvinyl polymer), carrageenan (e.g., Irish moss, carrageenan, iota-carrageenan, etc.), high molecular weight polyethylene glycol, cellulose polymers, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and its salts (e.g., sodium CMC), natural gums (e.g., karaya gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, and tragacanth gum), colloidal magnesium aluminum silicate, etc., or mixtures or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the thickener includes or is a gum, and the gum is optionally selected from xanthan gum, carrageenan, and combinations thereof.

[0152] The skin care compositions of the present disclosure (e.g., any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.) may optionally contain one or more gelling agents. Examples of gelling agents include, but are not limited to, waxes, esters of fatty acids and fatty alcohols, triglycerides, partially or fully hydrogenated soybean oil, partially or fully hydrogenated castor oil, other partially or fully hydrogenated vegetable oils, stearyl alcohol, or other cosmetically acceptable materials that are solid or semi-solid at room temperature and provide a consistency suitable for application to the skin.

[0153] The skin care compositions of the present disclosure (e.g., any of Composition 1.0 et seq.) may optionally have one or more antioxidants. For example, one or more antioxidants may be added to the composition to act as ingredient protectors and maintain the long-term stability of the composition. Examples of optional antioxidants include, but are not limited to, citric acid, butylated hydroxytoluene, pentaerythritol tetra-di-tert-butyl hydroxyhydrocinnamate.

[0154] The skin care compositions of the present disclosure (e.g., any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.) may optionally include polymeric materials for thickening, such as polyamides, cellulose derivatives (e.g., hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, etc.), and natural or synthetic gums such as polyglycerol esters (including agar, agarose, pectin, or guar gum), or mixtures or combinations thereof. A class of noteworthy materials for thickening the water-insoluble phase includes derivatives of hydrolyzed starch or other polysaccharides, particularly including esterified dextrins, such as dextrin palmitate. Another class of polymers particularly directed to structuring the oil phase containing silicone oils includes polysiloxane elastomers. Suspending agents such as silica or clays such as bentonite, montmorillonite, or hectorite (including those available under the trademark Bentone) may also be employed to thicken the liquid compositions according to the present invention. The composition may be thickened with a non-polymeric organic gelling agent, including selected dibenzylidene sugar alcohols (e.g., dibenzylidene sorbitol).

[0155] The skin care compositions of the present disclosure (e.g., any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.) may optionally contain a fragrance. Any fragrance suitable for skin care applications may be incorporated into the skin care compositions of the present disclosure. Fragrances tend to be relatively volatile aromatic compounds that are able to enter the vapor phase at skin surface temperature.

[0156] The skin care compositions of the present disclosure (e.g., any of Compositions 1.0 et seq.) can be made using methods known in the art. Typically, the ingredients are combined and optionally heated where necessary to melt the components. The components are mixed. Desirably, volatile materials such as fragrance materials are incorporated into the composition in the later stages of the mixing cycle to prevent their volatilization. After mixing, the composition can be poured directly into a dispenser and the container capped to preserve the product until use. Example

[0157] Example 1 - Topical delivery of a combination of ascorbic acid and hyaluronic acid

[0158] In order to observe the absorption enhancement characteristics of hyaluronic acid of different weights, samples of pig ear skin were first "pretreated" with an aqueous solution of 1% appropriate hyaluronic acid. The control sample was treated with water only. After this pretreatment, the sample was then treated with a market-based skin care composition containing 20% ​​by weight of ascorbic acid and placed on a Franz cell (Logan Instruments, DHC-6T) for a diffusion time of 24 hours. After treatment, excess product was removed from the skin surface and the stratum corneum was removed from the skin by tape stripping 20 times. The remaining skin was composed of the living epidermis and dermis, which were then homogenized and quantitatively analyzed for ascorbic acid content by an Agilent 1200 series high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a UV-visible detector. For each experiment, the "enhancement factor" of the living skin area was calculated. The "enhancement factor" is calculated as follows:

[0159] Enhancement factor = 100*(((ascorbic acid permeated in sample pretreated with HA) / ((ascorbic acid permeated in sample pretreated with water only)

[0160] Ascorbic acid permeated into the treated control sample))-1)

[0161] This calculation facilitates comparisons between the many different experiments performed, the results of which are as follows:

[0162] Table 1.

[0163]

[0164] Table 1 shows the enhancement factors for various samples, each incorporating different molecular weights of HA or chemically modified HA.

[0165] Without being bound by theory, those skilled in the art may initially expect that there is such a linear relationship: samples treated with lower molecular weight HA will show greater enhancement of surface ascorbic acid delivery. This expectation may be due to the potential of lower molecular weight HA to increase dermal absorption. However, as shown in Table 1, the relationship is not linear. Surprisingly, when using sample C (about 50kDa hyaluronic acid), the enhancement of surface ascorbic acid delivery is the highest. Unexpectedly, both sample A and sample B, although respectively incorporated with hyaluronic acid having an average molecular weight of 3.6kDa and 20kDa, both show reduced ascorbic acid enhancement, which is significantly lower than sample C. Without being bound by theory, although variants with lower molecular weight are considered to be more easily absorbed into the skin, these variants with lower molecular weight may also be more susceptible to degradation, which may limit their effectiveness. Alternatively, hyaluronic acid with lower molecular weight may be less effective in water absorption. Therefore, in order to enhance or effectively deliver ascorbic acid to hyaluronic acid, the molecular weight must be low enough to be easily absorbed into the skin, but it cannot be too low to easily degrade and limit its water absorption capacity.

[0166] It is noteworthy that two samples treated with higher molecular weight HA, sample D and sample E, both showed reduced ability to enhance the surface delivery of ascorbic acid. Regarding sample E, the enhancement effect is actually negative. This should be interpreted as meaning that, compared with the control sample pretreated with water alone, the sample pretreated with hyaluronic acid having an average molecular weight of 1,000kDa to 1,400kDa has a reduced surface ascorbic acid delivery level. Visually, the skin sample pretreated with hyaluronic acid having an average molecular weight of 1,000kDa to 1,400kDa seems to form a film on its surface. Without being bound by theory, this observation may be because the molecular weight of the HA used in sample E is too large, so that it cannot be absorbed into the skin, and may only remain on the skin surface to form a film. Similarly, without being bound by theory, this film formation effect can explain why sample E shows a negative value in terms of the surface delivery of ascorbic acid.

[0167] In order to further explore the possible mode of action of how HA enhances the surface delivery of ascorbic acid, sample F was treated with acetylated hyaluronic acid with an average molecular weight of 20kDa. Although the low molecular weight of acetylated hyaluronic acid indicates that it should be easily absorbed into the skin, it is not bound by theory, and it is possible that the polar hydroxyl groups terminated with acetyl moieties may significantly reduce the overall water binding capacity. As shown in Table 1, similar to hyaluronic acid (e.g., sample E) with much larger molecular weight, acetylated hyaluronic acid (average molecular weight of 20kDa) also hinders the surface delivery of pure ascorbic acid, although the molecular weight of acetylated hyaluronic acid is about 1 / 50 of the molecular weight used in sample E. Similarly, without being bound by theory, this may indicate that the strong water binding capacity of (non-acetylated) HA is crucial in its ability to enhance the surface delivery of ascorbic acid. In addition, it is obvious from the molecular weight range of hyaluronic acid in Table 1 that the delivery of ascorbic acid is not linear with the relationship of the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid. Again, without being bound by theory, this unexpected relationship may be due to the fact that hyaluronic acid, with an average molecular weight of 50 kDa, has a low enough molecular weight to be readily absorbed into the skin, but not so low that its water binding properties are greatly reduced.

[0168] The composition "market-based skin care composition" contains the ingredients listed below: Cyclopentasiloxane, Ascorbic Acid, Ethylhexyl Hydroxystearate, Polysilicone-11, Tocopherol, Isosorbide Dioctanoate, Polymethylsilsesquioxane, Hexylresorcinol, Silybum Marianum Fruit Extract, Hordeum Distichon / Barley Extract, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis / Orange Oil, Silica, Phellodendron Amurense Bark Extract, Santalum Album / Sandalwood Wood Extract.

[0169] Example 2 - Topical delivery of ascorbyl glucoside in combination with hyaluronic acid

[0170] Ascorbyl glucoside is a derivative of ascorbic acid. However, it is believed that ascorbyl glucoside also has several properties that one skilled in the art might believe would hinder its surface delivery into the skin. For example, compared to ascorbic acid, ascorbyl glucoside is not only larger (MW of ascorbyl glucoside is 338 g / mol, while MW of ascorbic acid is 176 g / mol) but also more polar (LogP of ascorbyl glucoside is -2.5, while LogP of ascorbic acid is -1.85), and therefore more hydrophilic.

[0171] The topical delivery of ascorbyl glucoside was performed using the same experimental procedure as described in Example 1. Briefly, 20 wt% of ascorbyl glucoside was loaded into the base formulation of the "market-based skin care composition" described in Example 1, such that the ascorbyl glucoside-containing skin care composition contained a total of 20 wt% of ascorbyl glucoside relative to the total weight of the ascorbyl glucoside-containing skin care composition. However, it should be noted that the active ingredients were removed from the market-based skin care composition, such that the ascorbyl glucoside-containing skin care composition did not contain ascorbic acid, tocopherol, hexylresorcinol, or milk thistle fruit extract.

[0172] Pig ear skin explants were treated with either pure water (control) or a 1 wt % aqueous solution of hyaluronic acid ("HA") having an average molecular weight of 50 kDa, wherein the solution comprised a 1 wt % aqueous solution of hyaluronic acid and the balance was water. Subsequently, the skin pieces were treated with a skin care composition containing ascorbyl glucoside and then placed on a Franz diffusion cell for approximately 24 hours. After this period of time, the top twenty layers of the skin were removed using adhesive tape. All of these tape layers and the remainder of the skin were analyzed for ascorbyl glucoside content using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

[0173] The results of the various tests of Sample G and Sample H can be seen in Table 2 andFigure 1 and Figure 2 In both cases, the trends were very similar. The area showing the highest amount of ascorbyl glucoside was the "rest of skin," also referred to as the "rest of skin." The "rest of skin" refers to the area of ​​skin outside the stratum corneum that is considered to represent roughly the living area of ​​the skin and a representative of the surface delivery of enhanced hydrophilic vitamins such as ascorbyl glucoside. In both experiments, the levels of ascorbyl glucoside in the skin samples treated with a 1 wt % hyaluronic acid solution (about 50 kDa) were significantly higher (p<0.10) relative to the skin samples treated with water alone. The absolute levels of ascorbyl glucoside in these areas are detailed in Table 2, where the unit levels in the "rest of skin" are expressed in micrograms.

[0174] Table 2

[0175]

[0176] *p value: about 0.055

[0177] **p value: about 0.061

[0178] The overall observable trend is very similar to that seen with 20 wt % pure ascorbic acid in anhydrous matrix used in Example 1, where skin samples were pre-treated with a 1 wt % solution of hyaluronic acid having an average molecular weight of 50 kDa.

[0179] In summary, the results in Table 2 indicate that a 1 wt% solution of hyaluronic acid having an average molecular weight of 50 kDa can significantly enhance the surface delivery of ascorbyl glucoside in a composition containing 20 wt% ascorbyl glucoside.

[0180] Example 3 - Topical delivery of a combination of carnosine and hyaluronic acid

[0181] Topical delivery of carnosine was performed using the same experimental procedures as described in Examples 1 and 2. Briefly, a carnosine composition was prepared by incorporating carnosine into the market-based skin care composition described in Example 1 in an amount such that the carnosine composition contained 5 wt% carnosine relative to the total weight of the carnosine composition. Active ingredients were removed from the market-based skin care composition such that the carnosine skin care composition did not contain ascorbic acid, tocopherol, hexylresorcinol, or milk thistle fruit extract.

[0182] Pig ear skin explants (Sample I) were prepared, which were treated with an aqueous solution of 1% by weight of hyaluronic acid with an average molecular weight of 50 kDa and the balance of water and a carnosine composition. A control (Sample J) was prepared by treating the pig ear skin explants with water and a carnosine composition. Specifically, the pig ear skin explants received an aqueous solution of 1% by weight of hyaluronic acid with an average molecular weight of 50 kDa and the balance of water or water, and then treated with the carnosine composition.

[0183] After the carnosine composition was applied to the pig ear skin explants, the pig ear skin explants were placed in a Franz diffusion cell for about 24 hours. After this period of time, the top twenty layers of the skin were removed using adhesive tape. All of these tape layers and the remainder of the skin were analyzed for carnosine content using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

[0184] The results of two tests evaluating the combination of a carnosine composition and an aqueous solution of hyaluronic acid having an average molecular weight of 50 kDa compared to a carnosine composition and water (control) can be seen in Table 3 (below) and Figure 3 and Figure 4 middle.

[0185] Table 3

[0186]

[0187] The area showing the highest amount of carnosine was the "rest of skin." In both experiments, carnosine levels were significantly higher in skin samples treated with a 1 wt% solution of hyaluronic acid (approximately 50 kDa) relative to skin samples treated with water alone.

[0188] The present disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments. Although a limited number of embodiments have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the foregoing detailed description. The present disclosure is intended to be interpreted as including all such modifications and variations as long as they fall within the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents.

[0189] Example 4 - Non-Limiting Example Skin Care Composition

[0190] Non-limiting example compositions were prepared according to aspects of the present invention. The formulations of the exemplary compositions are shown in Table 4 (below).

[0191] Table 4

[0192]

Claims

1. A skin care composition comprising: an effective amount of one or more hydrophilic vitamins; and An effective amount of hyaluronic acid (HA), alkali metal hyaluronate or a combination thereof, wherein the average molecular weight (MW) of the hyaluronic acid (HA), alkali metal hyaluronate or a combination thereof is less than or equal to 75 kDa.

2. The skin care composition according to claim 1, wherein the average molecular weight of the hyaluronic acid (HA), alkali metal hyaluronate or a combination thereof is 30 kDa to 60 kDa.

3. The skin care composition of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the average molecular weight of the hyaluronic acid (HA), alkali metal hyaluronate or combination thereof is 50 kDa.

4. The skin care composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hyaluronic acid (HA), alkali metal hyaluronate or combination thereof is present in an amount of 0.01 wt % to 10 wt %, optionally about 0.01 wt % to 5 wt %, optionally about 0.05 wt % to 5 wt %, optionally about 0.1 wt % to 2 wt %, optionally about 0.1 wt % to 1.5 wt %, or optionally about 1 wt %, based on the weight of the oral care composition.

5. The skin care composition of any preceding claim, wherein the hyaluronic acid (HA), alkali metal hyaluronate, or combination thereof is present in an amount of about 0.05 wt. % to about 5 wt. %, based on the weight of the oral care composition.

6. The skin care composition of claim 6, wherein the composition comprises the hyaluronic acid or alkali metal hyaluronate in an amount of about 0.025 wt. % to about 2 wt. %, based on the weight of the oral care composition.

7. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the hyaluronic acid or alkali metal hyaluronate is included in an amount of about 1 wt. % based on the weight of the oral care composition.

8. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the hydrophilic vitamin comprises vitamin C.

9. The skin care composition according to claim 8, wherein the vitamin C is selected from ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid, ascorbyl glucoside, calcium ascorbate, calcium l-ascorbate dihydrate, magnesium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, magnesium L-ascorbyl phosphate, L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate sesquimagnesium salt hydrate, (+) sodium L-ascorbate, dehydro-l-(+)-ascorbic acid dimer, sodium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbic acid-2 -glucoside, ascorbyl dipalmitate, ascorbyl methylsilanol pectate, ascorbyl stearate, disodium ascorbyl sulfate, ascorbyl 6-palmitate, calcium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate, ascorbyl propionate, ascorbyl stearate, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl dipalmitate, ascorbic acid polypeptide, ethyl ascorbyl ether, ascorbyl ethylsilanol pectate, and combinations of two or more thereof.

10. A skin care composition according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the vitamin C comprises ascorbic acid.

11. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the vitamin C comprises ascorbyl glucoside.

12. The skin care composition of any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the vitamin C is present in an amount of about 1 wt % to about 25 wt %, optionally about 5 wt % to about 25 wt %, optionally about 10 wt % to about 25 wt %, optionally about 15 wt % to about 25 wt %, or optionally about 20 wt %, based on the weight of the skin care composition.

13. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, comprising: about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of about 50 kDa hyaluronic acid; and from about 1% to about 25% by weight of ascorbic acid, All weight percentages are based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

14. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, comprising: about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of about 50 kDa hyaluronic acid; and from about 1% to about 25% by weight of ascorbyl glucoside, All weight percentages are based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

15. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the skin care composition comprises sodium hyaluronate.

16. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the hydrophilic vitamin has a degree of wettability such that the contact angle (θ) of the compound surface is < 90°.

17. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the amount of hyaluronic acid is effective to increase or enhance the absorption and penetration of the hydrophilic vitamin into the skin.

18. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the amount of hyaluronic acid is effective to deliver the hydrophilic vitamin deeper than the stratum corneum of the skin.

19. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the hydrophilic vitamin has a LogP of less than 0.

20. A skin care composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the skin care composition is in a form selected from the group consisting of serums, creams, moisturizers, masks, cleansers, oils, salves, lotions, gels, ointments, pastes, facial make-up and balms.

21. A method of depositing a surface-active compound on the skin, the method comprising: An effective amount of a skin care composition according to any one of claims 1 to 21 is applied to the skin of a subject in need thereof.

22. Use of the skin care composition according to any one of claims 1 to 21 for: by applying an effective amount of the skin care composition to the skin of a subject in need thereof, Activating skin cells of subjects in need thereof; Enhances the cellular energy of skin cells in a subject in need thereof; Reducing or inhibiting cell damage in a subject in need thereof; and Perform cellular detoxification on subjects in need thereof.

23. Use of the skin care composition according to any one of claims 1 to 21 for: by applying an effective amount of the skin care composition to the skin of a subject in need thereof, Treating redness and / or reducing skin pore size in a subject in need thereof; Treat fine lines, wrinkles or scars in subjects who need it; treating to increase the smoothness, hydration and / or elasticity of the skin of a subject in need thereof; Reducing or inhibiting cell damage in a subject in need thereof; and Perform cellular detoxification on subjects in need thereof.

24. A skin care composition comprising: one or more hydrophilic vitamins; and Hyaluronic acid and / or its salts having an average molecular weight of about 30 kDa to about 70 kDa.

25. The skin care composition of claim 24, wherein the hyaluronic acid and / or salt thereof has an average molecular weight of from about 30 kDa to about 60 kDa, optionally from about 35 kDa to about 60 kDa, optionally from about 35 kDa to about 55 kDa, optionally from about 40 kDa to about 60 kDa, optionally from about 40 kDa to about 55 kDa, or optionally from about 45 kDa to about 55 kDa.

26. The skin care composition of claim 24 or claim 25, wherein the one or more hydrophilic vitamins comprises vitamin C, carnosine, vitamin B, or a combination of two or more thereof.

27. The skin care composition according to claim 26, wherein the vitamin C is selected from ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid, ascorbyl glucoside, calcium ascorbate, calcium l-ascorbate dihydrate, magnesium ascorbate, potassium ascorbate, magnesium L-ascorbyl phosphate, L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate sesquimagnesium salt hydrate, (+) sodium L-ascorbate, dehydro-l-(+)-ascorbic acid dimer, sodium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbic acid- Ascorbyl 2-glucoside, ascorbyl dipalmitate, ascorbyl methylsilanol pectate, ascorbyl stearate, disodium ascorbyl sulfate, ascorbyl 6-palmitate, calcium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate, ascorbyl propionate, ascorbyl stearate, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl dipalmitate, ascorbic acid polypeptide, ethyl ascorbyl ether, ascorbyl ethylsilanol pectate, and combinations of two or more thereof.

28. The skin care composition of claim 26 or claim 27, wherein the vitamin C is selected from ascorbyl glucoside, ascorbic acid-2-glucoside, ascorbyl acetate, and a combination of two or more thereof.

29. The skin care composition of any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein the vitamin C comprises ascorbyl glucoside, ascorbic acid-2-glucoside, or a combination of two or more thereof.

30. A skin care composition according to any one of claims 26 to 29, wherein the B vitamin comprises niacinamide.

31. A skin care composition according to any one of claims 24 to 30, further comprising: An amino acid component selected from the group consisting of arginine, lysine, serine, citrulline, ornithine, creatine, histidine (e.g., a thiourea derivative of histidine, such as ergothioneine), diaminobutyric acid, diaminopropionic acid, alanine, aminobutyric acid, asparagine, cysteine, cystine, glutamine, glycine, hydroxyproline, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, taurine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine, and combinations of two or more thereof.

32. The skin care composition of claim 30, wherein the amino acid component is selected from the group consisting of creatine, histidine, glutamine, glycine, taurine, and combinations thereof.

33. A skin care composition according to any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the amino acid component comprises taurine, arginine and glycine.

34. The skin care composition of claim 33, wherein the skin care composition has a weight ratio of the taurine to the arginine to the glycine (taurine:arginine:glycine) of from about 85:45:1 to about 45:24:

1.

35. The skin care composition according to any one of claims 24 to 34, wherein the hyaluronic acid and / or salt is selected from hyaluronic acid (HA), alkali metal hyaluronates, and combinations of two or more thereof.

36. A skin care composition according to any one of claims 24 to 35, wherein the hyaluronic acid and / or salt comprises sodium hyaluronate.

37. A skin care composition according to any one of claims 24 to 36, wherein the hydrophilic vitamin has a degree of wettability such that the contact angle (θ) of the compound surface is < 90°.

38. A skin care composition according to any one of claims 24 to 37, wherein the amount of hyaluronic acid and / or its salt is effective to increase or enhance the absorption and penetration of the hydrophilic vitamin in the skin.

39. A skin care composition according to any one of claims 24 to 38, wherein the amount of hyaluronic acid and / or salt thereof is effective to deliver the hydrophilic vitamin deeper than the stratum corneum of the skin.

40. The skin care composition of any one of claims 24 to 39, wherein at least one of the hydrophilic vitamins has a LogP of less than 0.

41. The skin care composition of any one of claims 24 to 40, wherein the hyaluronic acid and / or salt thereof is present in an amount of about 0.01 wt. % to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

42. The skin care composition of any one of claims 24 to 41, wherein the one or more hydrophilic vitamins are present in an amount of about 1 wt% to 25 wt%, based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

43. A skin care composition according to any one of claims 24 to 42, comprising: about 1 wt % to about 5 wt % of said hyaluronic acid and / or its salt, said hyaluronic acid and / or its salt having an average molecular weight of about 50 kDa; and about 1 wt % to about 25 wt % of ascorbic acid, ascorbyl glucoside, or a combination thereof, All weight percentages are based on the total weight of the skin care composition.

Images