Sensing resource detection with interference self-aware

Abstract

Radio frequency (RF) sensing by a sensing node, such as a user equipment (UE) or a base station, in a wireless network is supported that preconfigures a set of sensing resources by a network node and transmits the preconfigured set of resources for sensing to the sensing node. The sensing node measures interference on one or more resources of the pre-configured set of resources prior to selecting and occupying the resources for sensing. The interference may be measured based on a signal strength measurement and one or more interference thresholds that may be provided by the network node to the sensing node. A report of the interference based on the resource may be provided by the sensing node to the network node, which may utilize the report to configure a set of sensing resources for other sensing nodes, or may reconfigure the set of sensing resources for the sensing node if no resource is available in the current pre-configured set of resources.

Description

Background Art Technical field:

[0001] The subject matter disclosed herein relates generally to wireless communications, and more particularly to radio frequency sensing in wireless communication systems.

[0002] information:

[0003] Radar is a range-finding technology that can be used to determine the distance of an object relative to a given location. A radar system operates by sending and receiving electromagnetic pulses. Some of these pulses reflect off objects or surfaces along the transmission path, creating "echoes." The radar system can determine the distance to an object or surface based on the round-trip time between sending a pulse and receiving the echo of that pulse.

[0004] In a monostatic radar system, the antenna used to transmit the pulse (the "transmit antenna") is co-located with the antenna used to receive the echo (the "receive antenna"). For example, the transmit antenna and the receive antenna are typically located on the same device. This allows for simple synchronization between the timing of the transmitted pulse and the timing of the received echo, since the same device (or system) clock can be used for both. In a multistatic radar system, the transmit antenna is located at a considerable distance from the receive antenna. The spatial diversity provided by a multistatic radar system provides high accuracy of the target location and allows different aspects of the target to be observed simultaneously.

[0005] Radio frequency (RF) sensing is a technology similar to (and may include) radar that can be used to determine one or more of the following: the presence, location, identity, or a combination thereof of an object. RF sensing can be used, for example, in wireless communication systems, such as cellular communication systems (5G and above). With large bandwidths being allocated, for example, to 5G and above, cellular communication system RF sensing can be considered a key feature in future cellular systems. Improvements in RF sensing are desired. Summary of the invention

[0006] Radio frequency (RF) sensing by a sensing node, such as a user equipment (UE) or a base station, in a wireless network is supported, which is preconfigured by a network node and the preconfigured resource set is transmitted to the sensing node for sensing. The sensing node measures interference on one or more resources of the preconfigured resource set before selecting and occupying the resources for sensing. The interference may be measured based on a signal strength measurement and one or more interference thresholds that may be provided by the network node to the sensing node. A report of the interference based on the resources may be provided by the sensing node to the network node, and the network node may use the report to configure a sensing resource set for other sensing nodes, or if no resources are available in the current preconfigured resource set, the sensing resource set may be reconfigured for the sensing node.

[0007] In one specific implementation, a method performed by a sensing node in a wireless network for supporting radio frequency (RF) sensing in the wireless network includes: receiving a set of preconfigured resources for sensing from a network node; selecting one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing; and sending the one or more resources for sensing.

[0008] In one specific implementation, a sensing node in a wireless network configured to support radio frequency (RF) sensing in the wireless network includes: at least one wireless transceiver; at least one memory; and at least one processor, the at least one processor coupled to the at least one wireless transceiver and the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the network node to: receive a preconfigured set of resources for sensing from a network node via the at least one wireless transceiver; select one or more resources from the preconfigured set of resources for sensing; and send the one or more resources for sensing via the at least one wireless transceiver.

[0009] In one specific implementation, a sensing node in a wireless network configured to support radio frequency (RF) sensing in the wireless network includes: a component for receiving a set of preconfigured resources for sensing from a network node; a component for selecting one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing; and a component for sending the one or more resources for sensing.

[0010] In one specific implementation, a non-transitory storage medium includes program code stored thereon, the program code being operable to configure at least one processor in a sensing node in a wireless network to support radio frequency (RF) sensing in the wireless network, the program code including instructions for: receiving a set of preconfigured resources for sensing from a network node; selecting one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing; and sending the one or more resources for sensing.

[0011] In one specific implementation, a method performed by a network node in a wireless network to support radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by a sensing node in the wireless network includes: receiving a capability message having a sensing capability of the sensing node from the sensing node; generating a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node; and transmitting the set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing.

[0012] In one specific implementation, a network node in a wireless network configured to support radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by a sensing node in the wireless network includes: an external interface; at least one memory; and at least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the external interface and the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the network node to: receive a capability message having a sensing capability of the sensing node from the sensing node via the external interface; generate a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node; and transmit the set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node via the external interface, so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing.

[0013] In one specific implementation, a network node in a wireless network configured to support radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by a sensing node in the wireless network includes: a component for receiving a capability message having a sensing capability of the sensing node from the sensing node; a component for generating a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node; and a component for transmitting the set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing.

[0014] In one specific implementation, a non-transitory storage medium includes program code stored thereon, the program code being operable to configure at least one processor in a network node in a wireless network to support radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by a sensing node in the wireless network, the program code including instructions for the following operations: receiving a capability message having a sensing capability of the sensing node from the sensing node; generating a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node; and transmitting the set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing.

[0015] Other objects and advantages associated with the various aspects disclosed herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the drawings and detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are presented to aid in describing various aspects of the present disclosure and are provided solely for illustration and not limitation of the various aspects.

[0017] Figure 1 An example wireless communication system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0018] Figure 2 An example of a bistatic sensing system is shown.

[0019] Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C Examples of wireless systems with shared or separate communication and sensing signals are illustrated.

[0020] Figure 4A Cross-link interference (CLI) in a communication signal is illustrated.

[0021] Figure 4B and Figure 4C The CLI in different wireless environments is illustrated.

[0022] Figure 5A , Figure 5B and Figure 5C An example sensing system is illustrated in which CLI may occur.

[0023] Figure 6 Message flows between a sensing node and a network node for supporting RF sensing using a preconfigured set of resources for sensing are illustrated.

[0024] Figure 7 A process for sensing resource determination using interference detection is illustrated.

[0025] FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D The message flow between a sensing node and a network node for supporting RF sensing using interference reporting is illustrated.

[0026] Fig. 9 The message flow between a sensing node and a network node for supporting RF sensing using time windows is illustrated.

[0027] Fig.10 A schematic block diagram showing certain exemplary features of a sensor node that uses a preconfigured set of resources to support sensing in a wireless network is illustrated.

[0028] Fig.11 A schematic block diagram showing certain exemplary features of a network node that uses a set of preconfigured resources to support sensing in a wireless network is illustrated.

[0029] Fig.12 A flow chart illustrating an exemplary process for supporting radio frequency (RF) sensing in a wireless network using a preconfigured set of resources for sensing is illustrated.

[0030] Fig.13 A flow chart illustrating an exemplary process for supporting RF sensing in a wireless network using a preconfigured set of resources for sensing is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Various aspects of the present disclosure are provided in the following description and related drawings for various examples provided for illustrative purposes. Alternative aspects may be designed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, well-known elements of the present disclosure will not be described in detail or will be omitted to avoid making the relevant details of the present disclosure difficult to understand.

[0032] The words "exemplary" and / or "example" are used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" and / or "example" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Likewise, the term "aspects of the disclosure" does not require that all aspects of the disclosure include the discussed feature, advantage, or mode of operation.

[0033] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that any of a variety of different techniques and technologies may be used to represent the information and signals described below. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be mentioned throughout the following description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof, which depends in part on the specific application, in part on the desired design, in part on the corresponding technology, and so on.

[0034] In addition, many aspects are described in terms of a sequence of actions to be performed by, for example, an element of a computing device. It will be appreciated that the various actions described herein may be performed by a specific circuit (e.g., an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), by program instructions executed by one or more processors, or by a combination of the two. Additionally, the sequence of actions described herein may be considered to be fully embodied in any form of non-transient computer-readable storage medium, in which a corresponding computer instruction set is stored, which, when executed, will cause or command the associated processor of the device to perform the functionality described herein. Therefore, various aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in a variety of different forms, all of which have been contemplated to be within the scope of the subject matter claimed. In addition, for each of the various aspects described herein, the corresponding form of any such aspect may be described herein as, for example, "logic configured to perform the described actions".

[0035] As used herein, the terms "user equipment" (UE) and "base station" are not intended to be dedicated to or otherwise limited to any particular radio access technology (RAT), unless otherwise specified. In general, a UE may be any wireless communication device (e.g., a mobile phone, a router, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a tracking device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, glasses, augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) headsets, etc.), a vehicle (e.g., a car, a motorcycle, a bicycle, etc.), an Internet of Things (IoT) device, etc.) used by a user to communicate over a wireless communication network. A UE may be mobile or may be stationary (e.g., at certain times) and may communicate with a radio access network (RAN). As used herein, the term "UE" may be interchangeably referred to as an "access terminal" or "AT", "client device", "wireless device", "subscriber device", "subscriber terminal", "subscriber station", "user terminal" or UT, "mobile terminal", "mobile station", "mobile device", or variants thereof. In general, a UE may communicate with a core network via a RAN, and through the core network, the UE may connect to external networks such as the Internet and to other UEs. Of course, other mechanisms for connecting to the core network and / or the Internet are also possible for the UE, such as through a wired access network, a wireless local area network (WLAN) network (e.g., based on IEEE 802.11, etc.), etc. The UE may be implemented by any of a variety of types of devices, including but not limited to a printed circuit (PC) card, a compact flash device, an external or internal modem, a wireless or wired phone, a smart phone, a tablet device, a consumer asset tracking device, an asset tag, etc.

[0036] A base station may operate according to one of several RATs when in communication with a UE, depending on the network in which it is deployed, and is alternatively referred to as an access point (AP), a network node, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), a new radio (NR) Node B (also referred to as a gNB), etc. In addition, in some systems, a base station may purely provide edge node signaling functions, while in other systems, a base station may provide additional control and / or network management functions. The communication link by which a UE may transmit a signal to a base station is referred to as an uplink (UL) channel (e.g., a reverse traffic channel, a reverse control channel, an access channel, etc.). The communication link by which a base station may transmit a signal to a UE is referred to as a downlink (DL) or forward link channel (e.g., a paging channel, a control channel, a broadcast channel, a forward traffic channel, etc.). The communication link by which a UE may send a signal to another UE is referred to as a side link (SL) or side link channel. As used herein, the term traffic channel (TCH) may refer to a UL / reverse, DL / forward, or SL traffic channel.

[0037] The term "base station" may refer to a single physical transmit receive point (TRP) (which may also be referred to as a transmit / receive point) or multiple physical TRPs that may or may not be co-located. For example, where the term "base station" refers to a single physical TRP, the physical TRP may be an antenna of the base station corresponding to a cell of the base station. Where the term "base station" refers to multiple co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRP may be an antenna array of a base station (e.g., as in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system or where the base station employs beamforming). Where the term "base station" refers to multiple non-co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRP may be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially separated antennas connected to a common source via a transmission medium) or a remote radio head (RRH) (a remote base station connected to a serving base station). Alternatively, the non-co-located physical TRP may be a serving base station that receives measurement reports from the UE and a neighboring base station whose reference radio frequency (RF) signal the UE is measuring.

[0038] Radio frequency (RF) sensing is a technology similar to (and may include) radar that can be used to determine one or more of the following: the presence, location, identity, or a combination of objects in the environment. For example, RF sensing can be used to image the environment based on one or more of range, Doppler, and angle information. Using RF signals with higher frequencies, greater bandwidths, or transmitted / received from compact arrays can provide better granularity for sensing the environment, which can be applied to mobile devices or APs used for sensing.

[0039] For example, in applications such as gesture classification and vehicle-based control, handheld radar devices have become promising. In a handheld radar device, a sensing chip can transmit an RF (radar) signal with a predefined waveform (e.g., frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) and pulse). The reflected signal (Rx) from an object (such as a user's hand) is received and correlated with the transmitted signal Tx, from which one or more of range, Doppler, angle information can be determined. The object and / or the movement of the object can be classified and mapped to the designed action.

[0040] Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology is another example of using RF (radar) signals to sense the environment. ISAC attempts to achieve a combination of sensing and communication systems to effectively utilize resources and even pursue mutual benefits. ISAC is of interest to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), a standardization organization for mobile telecommunications, to explore sensing capabilities in legacy communication structures. For example, some companies propose work in enabling services and system aspects (SA), where sensing resources are configured by the network and coexist with data transmission.

[0041] Figure 1An example wireless communication system 100 is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 (which may also be referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN) or a wireless network (e.g., a cellular network)) may include various base stations 102 (sometimes referred to herein as gNBs 102 or other types of NBs) and various UEs 104. The base stations 102 may include macrocell base stations (high-power wireless base stations) and / or small cell base stations (low-power wireless base stations). In one aspect, the macrocell base stations may include eNBs (where the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an LTE network), or gNBs (where the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to a 5G network), or a combination of both, and the small cell base stations may include femtocells, picocells, microcells, etc.

[0042] The base stations 102 may collectively form a RAN and interface with a core network 170 (e.g., an evolved packet core (EPC) or a next generation core (NGC)) through a backhaul link 122, and interface to one or more sensing servers 172 through the core network 170. Among other functions, the base stations 102 may perform functions related to one or more of the following: delivering user data, radio channel encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection establishment and release, load balancing, distribution of non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, RAN sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriber and equipment tracking, RAN information management (RIM), paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages. The base stations 102 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., through EPC / NGC) through a backhaul link 134, which may be wired or wireless.

[0043] Base station 102 may communicate wirelessly with UE 104. Each of base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for a corresponding geographic coverage area 110. In one aspect, base station 102 in each coverage area 110 may support one or more cells. A "cell" is a logical communication entity for communicating with a base station (e.g., via a certain frequency resource referred to as a carrier frequency, component carrier, carrier, frequency band, etc.), and may be associated with an identifier (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID)) for distinguishing cells operating via the same or different carrier frequencies. In some cases, different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., machine type communication (MTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), or other protocol types) that may provide access to different types of UEs. In some cases, the term "cell" may also refer to a geographic coverage area (e.g., a sector) of a base station, as long as a carrier frequency can be detected and used for communication within a portion of the geographic coverage area 110.

[0044] Although the geographic coverage areas 110 of neighboring macrocell base stations 102 may partially overlap (e.g., in a handover area), some areas of the geographic coverage areas 110 may substantially overlap with the larger geographic coverage area 110. For example, a small cell base station 102' may have a coverage area 110' that substantially overlaps with the coverage areas 110 of one or more macrocell base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell base stations and macrocell base stations may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include a Home eNB (HeNB) that may provide services to a restricted group referred to as a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG).

[0045] The communication link 120 between the base station 102 and the UE 104 may include UL (also referred to as a reverse link) transmissions from the UE 104 to the base station 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as a forward link) transmissions from the base station 102 to the UE 104. The communication link 120 may use MIMO antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link 120 may be over one or more carrier frequencies. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric for DL ​​and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL ​​than for UL).

[0046] The small cell base station 102' can operate in licensed and / or unlicensed spectrum. When operating in the unlicensed spectrum, the small cell base station 102' can adopt LTE or 5G technology and use the same 5GHz unlicensed spectrum as the spectrum used by the WLAN AP. The small cell base station 102' adopting LTE / 5G in the unlicensed spectrum can improve the coverage of the access network and / or increase the capacity of the access network. LTE in the unlicensed spectrum can be referred to as unlicensed LTE (LTE-U), license assisted access (LAA) or MulteFire.

[0047] The wireless communication system 100 may further include a millimeter wave (mmW) base station 180, which can operate in mmW frequencies and / or near mmW frequencies to communicate with UE 182. Extremely high frequency (EHF) is a part of RF in the electromagnetic spectrum. EHF has a range of 30GHz to 300GHz, with a wavelength between 1 mm and 10 mm. The radio waves in this band may be referred to as millimeter waves. Near mmW can be extended downward to a frequency of 3GHz, with a wavelength of 100 mm. The super high frequency (SHF) band extends between 3GHz and 30GHz, which is also referred to as centimeter waves. Communications using mmW / near mmW radio frequency bands have high path loss and relatively short range. The mmW base station 180 and UE 182 can compensate for extremely high path loss and short range by using beamforming (sending and / or receiving) through the mmW communication link 184. In addition, it should be understood that in an alternative configuration, one or more base stations 102 may also use mmW or near mmW and beamforming for transmission. Therefore, it should be understood that the foregoing illustrations are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the various aspects disclosed herein.

[0048] Transmit beamforming is a technique for focusing an RF signal in a specific direction. Traditionally, when a network node (e.g., a base station) broadcasts an RF signal, it broadcasts the signal in all directions (omnidirectionally). With transmit beamforming, the network node determines where a given target device (e.g., a UE) is located (relative to the transmitting network node) and projects a stronger downlink RF signal in that specific direction, thereby providing a faster (in terms of data rate) and stronger RF signal to the receiving device. In order to change the directionality of the RF signal when transmitting, the network node can control the phase and relative amplitude of the RF signal at each of the one or more transmitters that broadcast the RF signal. For example, a network node can use an array of antennas (referred to as a "phased array" or "antenna array") that produces RF beams that can be "steered" to point in different directions without actually moving the antenna. Specifically, the RF current from the transmitter is fed to each antenna in the correct phase relationship so that the radio waves from the separate antennas are added together to increase the radiation in the desired direction while canceling to suppress the radiation in the undesired direction.

[0049] In receive beamforming, the receiver uses receive beams to amplify RF signals detected on a given channel. For example, the receiver may increase the gain setting of the antenna array in a particular direction and / or adjust the phase setting of the antenna array in a particular direction to amplify the RF signal received from that direction (e.g., increase its gain level). Therefore, when a receiver is said to perform beamforming in a certain direction, it means that the beam gain in that direction is high relative to the beam gain along other directions, or the beam gain in that direction is the highest compared to the beam gain in that direction of all other receive beams available to the receiver. This results in a stronger received signal strength (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), etc.) of the RF signal received from that direction.

[0050] In 5G, the spectrum in which wireless nodes (e.g., base stations 102 / 180, UEs 104 / 182) operate is divided into multiple frequency ranges: FR1 (from 450MHz to 6000MHz), FR2 (from 24250MHz to 52600MHz), FR3 (above 52600MHz), and FR4 (between FR1 and FR2). In a multi-carrier system (such as 5G), one of the carrier frequencies is called the "primary carrier" or "anchor carrier" or "primary serving cell" or "PCell", and the remaining carrier frequencies are called "secondary carriers" or "secondary serving cells" or "SCells". In carrier aggregation, the anchor carrier is a carrier operating on the primary frequency (e.g., FR1) used by the UE 104 / 182 and the cell in which the UE 104 / 182 performs an initial radio resource control (RRC) connection establishment procedure or initiates an RRC connection re-establishment procedure. The primary carrier carries all common and UE-specific control channels. A secondary carrier is a carrier operating on a second frequency (e.g., FR2) that can be configured once an RRC connection is established between the UE 104 and the anchor carrier, and the carrier can be used to provide additional radio resources. The secondary carrier may contain only necessary signaling information and signals, for example, since the primary uplink carrier and the primary downlink carrier are usually UE-specific, those UE-specific signaling information and signals may not be present in the secondary carrier. This means that different UEs 104 / 182 in a cell may have different downlink primary carriers. The same is true for the uplink primary carrier. The network is able to change the primary carrier of any UE 104 / 182 at any time. This is done, for example, to balance the load on different carriers. Since a "serving cell" (whether PCell or SCell) corresponds to a carrier frequency / component carrier on which a base station communicates, the terms "cell", "serving cell", "component carrier", "carrier frequency", etc. are used interchangeably.

[0051] For example, still refer to Figure 1 , one of the frequencies used by macrocell base station 102 may be an anchor carrier (or "PCell"), and the other frequencies used by macrocell base station 102 and / or mmW base station 180 may be secondary carriers ("SCells"). Simultaneous transmission and / or reception of multiple carriers enables UE 104 / 182 to significantly increase its data transmission and / or reception rate. For example, two 20 MHz aggregated carriers in a multi-carrier system would theoretically result in a doubling of the data rate (i.e., 40 MHz) compared to the data rate obtained with a single 20 MHz carrier.

[0052] The wireless communication system 100 may also include one or more UEs indirectly connected to one or more communication networks via one or more device-to-device (D2D) peer-to-peer (P2P) links. Figure 1 In the example of FIG. 1 , UE 164 has a D2D P2P link 192, where one of UEs 104 is connected to one of base stations 102. Link 192 can be used to indirectly obtain wireless connectivity or for D2D communication between UEs 104 and 164 without using base station 102. In some implementations, link 192 is a side link (SL) between UEs 104 and 164. In one example, D2D P2P link 192 can use any well-known D2D RAT such as LTE direct (LTE-D), WiFi direct (WiFi-D), Waiting for support.

[0053] The wireless communication system 100 may include a UE 164 that may communicate with a macrocell base station 102 via a communication link 120 and / or with an mmW base station 180 via an mmW communication link 184. For example, the macrocell base station 102 may support a PCell and one or more SCells for the UE 164, and the mmW base station 180 may support one or more SCells for the UE 164.

[0054] like Figure 1As illustrated, UE 104' may sense an object 150 in an environment based on one or more RF sensing. For example, RF sensing may include monostatic sensing and multistatic sensing, such as bistatic sensing. In a monostatic sensing system, UE 104' both transmits an RF signal and receives an RF signal reflected from an object 150. In a multistatic sensing system, UE 104' may receive an RF signal reflected from an object 150 that is transmitted from another device, such as base station 102 or UE 164. An example of multistatic sensing is a bistatic radar system, in which one transmitting device transmits and one receiving device receives, but there may be any number of transmitting devices or receiving devices. Although UE 104' may be configured to transmit a signal in a monostatic sensing system, the RF sensing may be performed by a plurality of transmitting devices or receiving devices. Figure 1 1 is illustrated as a receiving device, but if desired, base station 102 can be a receiving device in a monostatic sensing system or a multistatic sensing system, for example, where UE 104 (or UE 164) or another base station 102 transmits an RF signal reflected from an object.

[0055] The wireless communication system 100 may include a sensing server 172, which may be external to the core network 170 or internal to the core network 170. The sensing server 172 may be used to configure the wireless network to support RF sensing. For example, in some embodiments, the sensing server 172 may configure a set of sensing resources for a sensing node (such as a UE 104') and transmit a preconfigured set of resources to the sensing node for sensing. The sensing server 172 may provide assistance to the sensing node to measure interference to resources in the preconfigured set of resources, thereby selecting one or more resources for sensing. For example, the sensing server 172 may provide one or more interference thresholds and timing parameters for interference measurement. The sensing server 172 may be further configured to receive a report from the sensing node, which may be used to configure a set of sensing resources for other sensing nodes or to configure another set of sensing resources, such as when a previously transmitted preconfigured set of resources has no available resources.

[0056] Figure 2 An example bistatic sensing system 200 is shown. The bistatic sensing system 200 includes an RF transmitter (RTX) 210 and an RF receiver (RRX) 220. The RF transmitter 210 and the RF receiver 220 are spatially separated by a baseline (L). In some implementations, the RF transmitter 210 may be an example of a base station 102 (or UE 104), and the RF receiver 220 may be an example of a base station 102 (or UE 104). Figure 1 An example of one of the different base stations 102 (or UE 104).

[0057] RF transmitter 210 is configured to send RF pulses 212 in several directions. Each of pulses 212 may be a beamformed RF signal having a particular width and directionality. An object or surface along the path of any of pulses 212 may cause pulse 212 to be reflected or scattered. A reflected pulse may be referred to as an "echo" of the pulse from which it originated. Figure 2 In the example of FIG. 2 , target object 201 is located along the path of one of RF pulses 212. RF pulse 212(i) incident on target object 201 is reflected as echo 222. Figure 2 As shown, the echo 222 is reflected in the direction of the RF receiver 220. The RF receiver 220 may determine ranging, Doppler, or angle information about the target object 201 based on the reception of the echo 222. For example, ranging information relative to the target object 201 may be determined, including but not limited to the distance, direction, or speed of the target object 201.

[0058] In some implementations, the RF receiver 220 can determine the distance L between the RF transmitter 210 and the RF receiver 220 based at least in part on the baseline distance L, the angle of arrival (θ R ) and the flight time (τ) from the incident pulse 212 (i) sent by the RF transmitter 210 to the echo 222 received by the RF receiver 220 to determine the distance (R) of the target object 201 relative to the RF receiver 220. R ).

[0059] More specifically, the distance R can be calculated according to Formula 1: R .

[0060]

[0061] Where R T +R R represents the combined distance from the target object 201 to each of the RF transmitter 210 and the RF receiver 220. Figure 2 As shown, R T +R R A distance range 202 (in the shape of an ellipse) around the RF transmitter 210 and the RF receiver 220 where the target object 201 may be located is defined. More specifically, the distance range 202 (in the shape of an ellipse) around the RF transmitter 210 and the RF receiver 220 may be defined as a function of the baseline (L), the flight time of the reflected pulse (τ), and the propagation speed of the RF pulse (c p ) to calculate R T +R R .

[0062] R T +R R =c p τ+L(2)

[0063] Referring to Equation 1 and Equation 2, the baseline L and propagation velocity c p represents a fixed or preconfigured value inherent to the sensing system 200. The arrival angle θ may be determined based on a time difference of arrival (TDOA) of the echo 222 between different receiving antennas of the RF receiver 220 in the antenna array or based on an antenna sector (corresponding to a preset beam of a phased array antenna) used by the RF receiver 220 to receive the echo 222. R However, in order to calculate the flight time τ, the RF receiver 220 must have knowledge of the time at which the incident pulse 212 (i) was transmitted at the receiver's location. More specifically, the transmission time (T) of the incident pulse can be varied according to Equation 3. 脉冲 ) and the echo receiving time (T 回波 ) to calculate the flight time τ.

[0064] τ=T 回波 -T 脉冲 (3)

[0065] For the fixed RF transmitter 210 and the fixed RF receiver 220, the target bistatic Doppler frequency is given by:

[0066]

[0067] Where v is the velocity of the target object 201, β is the departure angle θ T and the arrival angle θ R The difference between , and δ is the angle between the velocity vector v and the angle β.

[0068] Because the RF transmitter 210 and the RF receiver 220 are implemented in (or correspond to) separate wireless communication devices, the RF transmitter 210 may need to communicate the transmission timing T of the incident pulse to the RF receiver 220. 脉冲 However, because the RF transmitter 210 transmits the pulses 212 in several directions, the RF transmitter 210 may not know which of the pulses 212 is incident on the target object 201. Therefore, the RF transmitter 210 may need to communicate the timing of each of the pulses 212 to the RF receiver 220, and the RF receiver 220 may need to determine which of the pulses 212 caused the echo 222. In some implementations, the timing information (T 脉冲 ) may be communicated to the RF receiver 220, for example as a resource configuration in the assistance data.

[0069] In some implementations, the RF transmitter 210 may also determine ranging information about the target object 201. For example, the RF transmitter 210 may determine a relative distance R between itself and the target object 201. TFor example, in some aspects, RF receiver 220 may provide feedback to RF transmitter 210 regarding echo 222. The feedback may include the timing T of the echo. 回波 , the timing of the transmitted pulse T 脉冲 , flight time τ, arrival angle θ R , calculated distance R R or any combination thereof. RF transmitter 210 may then determine the angle of departure θ of incident pulse 212 (i) based at least in part on the angle of departure θ of incident pulse 212 (i). T To calculate the distance R of the target object 201 T For example, the RF transmitter 210 can T Substituting the angle of arrival θ into Equation 1 R To calculate the distance R T RF transmitter 210 may determine departure angle θ based on the antenna sector (corresponding to a particular beam of the phased array antenna) used by RF transmitter 210 to transmit incident pulse 212 ( i ). T .

[0070] In RF sensing systems, the sensing configuration may be embedded in the data transmission. For example, the network may schedule sensing resources within the licensed band, for example, in the same resource with separate waveforms or the same waveform, or use dedicated sensing resources that may be shared by multiple sensing UEs.

[0071] For example, Figure 3A A sensing system 300 is illustrated in which the same resources are used for communication and sensing with separate waveforms. As illustrated, an AP 302 sends a communication signal 303 to a UE 304 and sends a sensing signal 305 used by a sensing UE 306 (reflecting objects in Figure 3A The communication signal 303 and the sensing signal 305 have a shared resource 308, but as illustrated, the communication signal 303 has an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform and the sensing signal 305 has a chirped waveform.

[0072] Figure 3B A sensing system 320 is illustrated in which the same resources 328 are used for communication and sensing based on the same waveform. As illustrated, an AP 322 sends a communication signal 323 to a UE 324 and sends a sensing signal 325 used by a sensing UE 326 (reflecting objects in Figure 3B The network configures only one waveform, such as Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) or OFDM, for both the communication signal 323 and the sensing signal 325.

[0073] Figure 3CA sensing system 340 is illustrated where there are dedicated resources for communication and sensing. As illustrated, an AP 342 sends a communication signal 343 to a UE 344 and sends a sensing signal 345 (reflecting objects in the Figure 3B The communication signal 343 has a dedicated communication resource 348, and the sensing signal 345 has a dedicated sensing resource 349 shared by multiple sensing UEs 346.

[0074] exist FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C In the sensing system shown, interference in sensing may occur. For example, in the sensing systems 300 and 320 using shared resources, the transmission link (sensing or communication) may involve interference with the sensing reception. In addition, interference may occur in the sensing system 340 using dedicated sensing resources because the sensing resources of one sensing UE 346 may conflict with the scheduled sensing resources of other sensing UEs.

[0075] The current 3GPP standard (Release 16) includes an agreement on interference management between neighboring UEs, which is called Cross Link Interference (CLI). With CLI, a victim UE performs CLI measurements with configured CLI resources, which are sent from an aggressor UE.

[0076] For example, Figure 4A An illustration of cross-link interference (CLI) in a communication signal 402 from a first UE1 as an aggressor UE and a communication signal 404 from a second UE2 as a victim UE is shown. The communication signals 402 and 404 illustrate downlink (D) and uplink (U) resources and flexible symbols (F) that can be enabled as downlink resources or uplink resources based on a request. It can be seen that the first UE1 transmits uplink resources that overlap with downlink resources received by the second UE2, resulting in cross-link interference.

[0077] Figure 4B and Figure 4C 4 and 420, respectively, where a first UE1 (aggressor UE) sends an uplink signal to APs 412 and 422, respectively, which interferes with the ability of a second UE2 to receive downlink signals from APs 412 and 424, respectively. It can be seen that CLI may occur between UEs in the same cell (e.g., Figure 4B exemplified) and between UEs in different cells (such as Figure 4C exemplified) occurs.

[0078] For CLI measurements on communication signals, the victim UE reports interference to the network entity. The network configures CLI measurement resources, and the victim UE measures and provides measurement reports. Various actions may be taken to eliminate interference, such as power control or resource scheduling. For example, refer to FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C , the first UE1 may send an uplink signal that generates interference to the second UE2 receiving a downlink signal at the same time domain portion. Based on the scheduled UL transmission of UE1, the network configures CLI resources to the victim UE2. The victim UE2 measures the corresponding inference (e.g., the signal strength of the uplink signal sent by UE1) and reports the measurement.

[0079] During RF sensing, the reception of interference signals (e.g., interference communication signals or interference sensing signals) can significantly degrade the sensing performance. For example, interference will affect the accuracy of Doppler estimation in sensing, especially for neighboring UEs (e.g., neighboring sensing UEs and communication UEs).

[0080] For example, Figure 5A , Figure 5B and Figure 5C Sensing systems 500, 520, and 540 are illustrated, respectively, where CLI occurs due to neighboring UEs. Figure 5A The sensing system 500 shown in FIG. 5 includes an aggressor UE 504 that transmits an uplink signal to an AP 502 that may interfere with the sensing performed by a sensing UE 506 (illustrated as monostatic sensing, but bistatic sensing is also possible). Figure 5B In the sensing system 520 shown in FIG. 5 , an aggressor UE 524 transmits a sensing signal (for use by UE 522), and the sensor signal may interfere with the sensing performed by a sensing UE 526 (illustrated as monostatic sensing, but bistatic sensing is also possible). Figure 5C In the sensing system 540 shown in FIG. 5 , an aggressor UE 544 transmits a sensing signal (for use by UE 542 ), and the sensor signal may interfere with UE 546 's reception of a downlink signal from AP 548 .

[0081] In ISAC, controlling this interference is a challenge. Figure 5A As illustrated in , in a shared resource (e.g., reference Figure 3A and Figure 3B In the case discussed above, the communication transmission (Tx) link of UE 504 will interfere with the sensing reception of UE 506. Figure 5B As illustrated in FIG. , when using dedicated sensing resources (e.g., reference Figure 3C In the case of using shared resources (e.g., referring to Figure 3A and Figure 3B As discussed above, the transmission of the sensing signal by UE 544 will also affect the reception of downlink communication signals by UE 546 from AP 548. Interference between communication and sensing signals between neighboring UEs can be considered similar to interference between communication signals. Therefore, it may be advantageous to extend the CLI process for communication signals to sensing resource detection.

[0082] Sensing is usually considered as a UE-centric service, and different sensing scenarios require frequent sensing resource configuration. However, frequent sensing resource configuration will lead to large signaling cost and latency. For the measurement and management of CLI interference during sensing, one option may be to use the reference FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C The current CLI mechanism for communication signals discussed. However, the use of such a process for sensing would require excessive resource overhead costs. The resource overhead costs may be considered excessive, especially since in most scenarios, the sensing function may be considered a low priority service compared to the communication traffic in the licensed band. For example, frequent CLI measurements and resource scheduling for gesture sensing control that randomly triggers the sensing service would be inefficient.

[0083] Thus, as discussed herein, interference in sensing may be controlled using a preconfigured set of sensing resources, from which a sensing node may determine, in response to a sensing request, resources to be used for sensing. The sensing node may be configured to detect interference in resources from the preconfigured set of resources and use resources with little or no interference for sensing to avoid CLI between devices. In addition, the sensing node may generate and provide interference measurement reports for sensing resource management in the network.

[0084] Figure 6 6 is a message flow 600 between a sensing node 601 and another network node 602 for RF sensing with reduced interference. The sensing node 601 may be any access point or sensing UE discussed herein, for example, a base station 102 or a UE 104. The sensing node 601 may be a transmitting and receiving entity in a monostatic sensing system or may be a transmitting entity in a multistatic sensing system. The network node 602 may be Figure 1 The sensing server 172 is shown in FIG. 1 , or may be another entity in the sensing system, such as a receiving entity in a multi-base sensing system.

[0085] At stage 1, the network node 602 configures a set of sensing resources S for sensing and transmits the preconfigured set of resources S to the sensing node 601. Therefore, when the sensing node 601 accesses the network or requires resource configuration for sensing, the network node 602 does not explicitly indicate the sensing resources to be used by the sensing node 601, but configures the sensing resource set S, which includes multiple resources that can be used for sensing. For example, the sensing resource set S may include multiple positioning reference signals (PRS) or other reference signal resources, and may be defined as, for example, sensing resource set = {resource 1, resource 2, resource 3, ...}. In some specific implementations, the preconfigured resource set S configuration may be based on the capabilities of the sensing node 601. For example, the sensing node 601 may provide its sensing capabilities to the network node 602 (e.g., in Figure 6 ), and the network node 602 may generate a set of preconfigured resources S based on the capabilities of the sensing node 601. For example, the sensing node 601 may have the capability to perform high-granularity sensing within a defined range, and in response, a resource with a large bandwidth may be utilized to generate the set of preconfigured resources S, which is sufficient to achieve high-granularity sensing. Additionally or alternatively, the set of preconfigured resources S may be based on RRC signaling from the network (e.g., a base station) to the sensing node 601 (e.g., a UE). Different use cases or sensing scenarios may have different requirements for sensing resources, and therefore the network node 602 may generate and transmit multiple sets of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node 601.

[0086] At stage 2, the sensing node 601 receives a sensing service request. The sensing service request may be received from the network node 602 or from another entity. It should be understood that the sensing service request may be received before receiving the set of preconfigured resources S from the network node 602. For example, the sensing node 601 may receive the sensing service request and may then request sensing resources from the network node 602, and in response, the network node 602 may provide the set of preconfigured resources S.

[0087] At box 3, the sensing node 601 may determine one or more resources to be used as sensing resources according to the preconfigured resource set S, for example, in response to receiving a sensing service request in stage 2. For example, the sensing node 601 may measure each individual resource from the preconfigured resource set S, and then select one or more of the resources as sensing resources based on the measurement. For example, the one or more resources selected as sensing resources may be, for example, resources determined to have the best sensing performance. For example, the sensing node 601 may measure the interference of each resource in the preconfigured resource set S, and may select one or more resources with minimal interference or no interference as sensing resources. For example, the interference on the resource may be measured based on a signal strength (e.g., received signal strength (RSS)) measurement of the resource. One or more resources may be selected based on other parameters that may be beneficial to sensing, such as the maximum available bandwidth. The sensing node 601 may select resources for measurement sequentially or simultaneously. For example, resources may be selected and measured one by one or simultaneously. For example, a single resource may be selected and measured, and if it is determined that the resource is occupied, different resources may be selected and measured until an unoccupied resource is found. In another example, a number of resources may be selected and all of the selected resources may be measured simultaneously to detect one or more unoccupied resources that may be used for sensing.

[0088] At block 4, the sensing node 601 occupies the selected one or more sensing resources and performs sensing. For example, the sensing node 601 may send a reference signal (e.g., a PRS or other reference signal) via the one or more sensing resources. In a monostatic sensing configuration, the sensing node 601 may receive a reflected signal (echo) from an object in the environment, while in a multistatic sensing configuration, a single sensing node will receive a reflected signal (echo) from an object in the environment.

[0089] By using a preconfigured resource set S that the sensing node 601 can use to determine one or more sensing resources to be used for sensing, benefits such as low overhead, power savings, and lower latency can be achieved. For example, sensing can be considered a service centered on the sensing node, where most actions, except for resource configuration, can be completed by the sensing node itself. By using the preconfigured resource set S, the network can avoid frequent sensing resource configuration, thereby limiting overhead. In addition, the sensing node can easily adjust the sensing action and sensing resources in response to events quickly, resulting in low latency.

[0090] In the case where the network does not coordinate sensing resources, the independent determination of sensing resources by the sensing nodes may cause interference in these resources, as shown in FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C To manage interference that may be caused by sensing resources between sensing nodes, the sensing nodes may be configured to detect interference in resources in the set of preconfigured resources S, such as for sensing resource determination (illustrated in block 3 of message flow 600).

[0091] For example, in stage 1 of the message flow 600, along with the sensing resource set S configuration, the network node 602 may also configure and provide to the sensing node 601 one or more parameters to be used by the sensing node 601 to select one or more resources in box 3 of the message flow 600. For example, the parameters that may be used to select one or more resources may be an interference threshold T and (optionally) a time window W. The interference threshold T may be defined based on the measured signal strength (e.g., RSS). In some specific implementations, the entire pre-configured resource set S may be configured with a single threshold T, or different resources may be configured with different thresholds T (e.g., each resource may be associated with a specific threshold T). In addition, different interference thresholds T may be used for different use cases or sensing scenarios. The time window W may be used to indicate when interference measurements should be made or when interference measurements should not be made.

[0092] The sensing node 601 can measure the signal strength (e.g., RSS) of the selected sensing resource in a given resource set. Only one or more resources with a signal strength less than an interference threshold T can be selected for sensing service. If all selected resources have a signal strength greater than the interference threshold T, the sensing node 601 can wait until the time window W expires, and then measure the interference on the resource again. The signal strength of the resource greater than the interference threshold T indicates that the resource is occupied by another device, and the sensing node 601 should not enable sensing using the resource because this will cause interference to another device. If all resources have a signal strength greater than the interference threshold T, the sensing operation can not be performed without causing interference, and therefore the sensing operation should be delayed for a certain period of time (e.g., time window W) before rechecking the interference on the resource.

[0093] In some implementations, the sensing node 601 may be preconfigured with one or more parameters to be used for selecting one or more resources. It should be noted that, for example, instead of obtaining the parameters from the network node 602 by signaling at stage 1, the parameters may be predefined in the standard and the sensing node 601 may be configured according to the standard. For example, different interference thresholds T may be associated with different sensing use cases, which may be stored in the sensing node 601, such as in a lookup table. Based on the current sensing use case, the sensing node 601 may determine the corresponding interference threshold T to be used. For example, there may be two sensing use cases: room scale sensing with a mapped threshold of -10 dBm, and short-range gesture sensing with a mapped threshold of 0 dBm. If the measured interference level in mode 1 is -5 dBm, then this mode can only be used for short-range sensing and not for room scale sensing.

[0094] For example, Figure 7 A process 700 for determining a sensing resource using interference detection is illustrated (eg, by Figure 6 3). As illustrated, a preconfigured resource set S={resource 1, resource 2, resource 3} is provided. In the example process 700, resource 3 is selected from the preconfigured resource set S, and the sensing node 601 measures the signal strength (RSS_3) of resource 3. If the signal strength (RSS_3) of the selected resource (resource 3) is greater than the interference threshold T, resource 3 is occupied by another device and resource 3 should not be enabled for sensing. As illustrated in option 702, the sensing node 601 may wait for the expiration of the time window W before measuring the signal strength (RSS_3) of the selected resource (resource 3) again. On the other hand, as illustrated in option 704, the sensing node 601 may directly select another resource (e.g., resource 2) to measure the signal strength (RSS_2) without waiting, and the measured signal strength RSS_2 will then be compared with the same interference threshold T or with another interference threshold T associated with resource 2. In option 704, the sensing node 601 may measure the signal strength of each selected resource, and if it has been determined that all resources in the preconfigured resource set S have interference, the sensing node 601 may wait for the expiration of the time window W before re-measuring the interference on the selected resource. In the case of option 702 or 704, the process 700 may continue, for example, until the selected resource is found to have interference below a threshold level, after which the selected resource is occupied and a sensing operation is performed (block 4 of message flow 600).

[0095] The sensing node 601 may generate and provide interference measurement reports for sensing resource management in the network. For example, after interference measurement, the sensing node 601 may report the measurement to the network (eg, the network node 602 or another network entity such as the sensing server 172).

[0096] FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D The message flow between the sensing node 801 and the network node 802 is illustrated, which illustrates various options for providing interference reports. The sensing node 801 may be similar to Figure 6 The sensing node 601 shown in the figure can be any of the access points or sensing UEs discussed herein. The sensing node 801 can be a transmitting and receiving entity in a single-base sensing system or can be a transmitting (Tx) entity in a multi-base sensing system and a separate receiving Rx sensing node 803 (in Fig.8D The network node 802 may be similar to Figure 6 The network node 602 shown may be Figure 1 A sensor server 172 is shown. FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D The message flow in each of the can be Figure 6 An extension of the message flow 600 shown in FIG. 600 , for example, wherein FIG. 8A to FIG. 8DThe box 1 illustrated in each of Figure 6 Box 3 of message flow 600 is shown.

[0097] Fig. 8A A message flow 800 is shown, where a reporting mode for interference reporting may be defined, and a sensing node 801 periodically reports interference measurements. The network (eg, network node 802) may track the resource status of the set S of preconfigured resources.

[0098] At block 1 of the message flow 800 , the sensing node 801 determines one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources S to be used as sensing resources, including measuring interference on the resources as discussed above with reference to block 3 of the message flow 600 .

[0099] At block 2 , the sensing node 801 occupies the selected one or more sensing resources and performs sensing (eg, as discussed above with reference to block 4 of the message flow 600 ).

[0100] At stage 3, the sensing node 801 transmits a report with the interference measurements from box 1 to the network node 802. For example, the network node 802 may be the same network node 802 that provides the preconfigured resource set S to the sensing node 801, or may be a separate network node 802. In one implementation, the report may include interference measurements made for all resources in the preconfigured resource set S. In one implementation, only resources with interference measurements exceeding an interference threshold T, i.e., occupied resources, may be reported. For example, the reporting metric may be a received signal strength indicator (RSSI), and the sensing node 801 may use a layer 3 filter to track the interference level of the resources over a long period of time. With such measurement reports, the network node 802 will know which resources are unavailable for sensing. In subsequent resource set S configurations (either for the sensing node 801 or for other nearby sensing nodes), the unavailable resources may be excluded. The layer 3 filter in the sensing node 801 may be used to calculate the interference status of the resources over a long period of time, so that a single measurement instance with high interference will not indicate that the resources are unavailable. In some implementations, the report may also include the sensing results from box 2. Furthermore, in some implementations, the report in stage 3 may be transmitted before the sensing in block 2 is performed.

[0101] As illustrated, the process may report.For example, at stage 4, the sensing node 801 may again determine one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources S to be used as sensing resources.

[0102] At stage 5, the sensing node 801 occupies the selected sensing resource or resources and performs sensing.

[0103] At stage 6 , the sensor node 801 transmits a report with the interference measurements from stage 4 to the network node 802 .

[0104] Figure 8B A message flow 820 is shown where the sensing node 801 proactively reports interference status when there are no resources available for sensing.

[0105] At block 1 of message flow 820, the sensing node 801 determines one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources S1 to be used as sensing resources, including measuring interference on the resources as discussed above with reference to block 3 of message flow 600. In this example, after the interference measurement, the sensing node 801 determines that there are no resources available for sensing.

[0106] At stage 2, the sensing node 801 transmits a report based on the interference measurement from block 1 to the network node 802. For example, when no resources from the preconfigured resource set S1 are available for sensing, the sensing node 801 may provide an indication. In one implementation, the report may include a flag (e.g., a single bit) to indicate that the resources are not available for sensing. In one implementation, the report may include interference measurements (e.g., RSSI) of the measured resources.

[0107] At stage 3 , the network node 802 may generate a reconfiguration resource set S2 based on the report received at stage 2 , and provide the reconfiguration resource set S2 to the sensor node 801 .

[0108] At stage 4 , the sensing node 801 starts the process by determining one or more resources from the new set of reconfigured resources S2 to be used as sensing resources, including measuring interference on the resources as discussed above with reference to box 3 of the message flow 600 .

[0109] Figure 8C A message flow 840 is shown where once resources are selected for sensing, the sensor node 801 reports the resources back to the network node 802 .

[0110] At block 1 of message flow 840, the sensing node 801 determines one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources S to use as sensing resources, including measuring interference on the resources as discussed above with reference to block 3 of message flow 600. The sensing node 801 may select one or more of the resources for sensing based on the interference measurements.

[0111] At stage 2, the sensing node 801 transmits a report based on the interference measurement from block 1 to the network node 802. For example, the report includes an indication of one or more resources selected for sensing. For example, the indication may be a resource index, or a single bit indication that a resource has been selected.

[0112] At block 3, the sensing node 801 occupies the selected one or more sensing resources and performs sensing (e.g., as discussed above with reference to block 4 of message flow 600). The process of message flow 840 is advantageous because it enables the network node 802 to be aware of the status of the resources and whether they are being used for sensing. For example, once the network node 802 is aware that the sensing node 801 is using the selected resources for sensing, the network node 802 can exclude the selected resources during the configuration of the sensing resource set S for other nearby sensing nodes.

[0113] At block 4, the sensing node 801 may transmit a message to the network node 802 indicating that the sensor resources have been released after the sensing from block 3 is complete. Similar to the reporting in phase 2, the release may use a resource index, or a single bit indication that the resource has been released.

[0114] Fig.8D A message flow 860 illustrating a bistatic sensing setup is shown, where a transmitting (Tx) sensing node 801 reports resources selected for sensing to a network node 802, which then provides an indication of the selected resources to a receiving (Rx) sensing node 803 for sensing reception.

[0115] At block 1 of message flow 860, the sensing node 801 determines one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources S to use as sensing resources, including measuring interference on the resources as discussed above with reference to block 3 of message flow 600. The sensing node 801 may select one or more of the resources for sensing based on the interference measurements.

[0116] At stage 2, the sensing node 801 transmits a report based on the interference measurement from block 1 to the network node 802. For example, the report includes an indication of one or more resources selected for sensing. For example, the indication may be a resource index, since the network node 802 knows the set S of preconfigured resources.

[0117] At stage 3, the network node 802 configures the selected resources and transmits the resource configuration to the receiving (Rx) sensing node 803. The network node 802 may transmit the resource configuration to the receiving (Rx) sensing node 803 because the receiving (Rx) sensing node 803 is unaware of the preconfigured resource set S and thus may not be aware of the resource index.

[0118] At block 4, the transmitting (Tx) sensing node 801 occupies the selected one or more sensing resources and performs sensing, e.g., as discussed above with reference to block 4 of message flow 600 (e.g., by transmitting a sensing signal on the one or more occupied resources), and receiving (Rx) any reflected sensing signals (echoes) on the one or more sensing resources. In addition, as discussed in message flow 840, because the network node 802 is aware that the sensing node 801 is using the selected resources for sensing, the network node 802 can exclude the selected resources during the configuration of the sensing resource set S for other nearby sensing nodes.

[0119] After the interference measurement of the resources in the preconfigured resource set S, if there are no resources available for sensing, the sensing process fails the iteration. The sensing node may measure the resources again after a time duration (e.g., after a time window W). In the next iteration, if the sensing node again fails to find available resources for sensing, the process may be repeated. In some embodiments, the waiting time window W after each repetition may increase. For example, the waiting time window W may be related to the repetition index (n), for example, the waiting time window may be nW. For example, the waiting time window of the first repetition (n=1) may be W, and the waiting time of the second repetition (n=2) may be 2W. The network (e.g., Figure 6 The network node 602 in stage 1 of the message flow 600 of FIG. 600 may configure and transmit a maximum measurement waiting time to the sensing node 601. For example, in one implementation, the maximum measurement waiting time may be configured by an upper limit of the waiting time, and in another implementation, the maximum measurement waiting time may be configured by an upper limit of the number of repetitions. By increasing the waiting time window between failed sensing processes and configuring the maximum measurement waiting time, power consumption is reduced by avoiding performing failed sensing processes at regular intervals.

[0120] Fig. 9 900 between a sensing node 901 and a network node 902, illustrating the use of a re-measurement time window W. The sensing node 901 may be similar to Figure 6 The sensor node 601 shown in FIG. 601 may be any of the access points or sensing UEs discussed herein. The network node 902 may be similar to Figure 6 The network node 602 shown may be Figure 1 A sensor server 172 is shown. Fig. 9 The message flow 900 in may be similar to Figure 6 The message flow 600 shown in FIG. 6 is a message flow 600 of FIG. 1 , or an extension

[0121] At stage 1 (which may be optional), the network node 902 may configure a set of sensing resources S for sensing and transmit the preconfigured set of resources S to the sensing node 901. As discussed above, stage 1 of the message flow 900 may be similar to stage 1 of the message flow 600. In some implementations, the sensing node 901 may receive the preconfigured set of resources S from another source, or may be preconfigured with a process for independently generating the preconfigured set of resources S, thereby avoiding stage 1.

[0122] At stage 2 (which may be optional), the network node 902 may configure sensing rules and transmit the sensing rules to the sensing node 801. For example, the sensing rules may be parameters for measuring interference in resources and for determining which resources from the preconfigured resource set S are to be used for sensing. For example, the sensing rules may include a waiting time window W for re-measuring interference when no resources are found to be available for sensing. The sensing rules may further include an interference threshold T. The sensing rules may include an indication of an increase in the waiting time window W between repetitions. The sensing rules may include an indication of a maximum measurement waiting time, such as an upper limit on the waiting time or an upper limit on the number of repetitions. In some implementations, the sensing rules may be combined with the message with the preconfigured resource set transmitted to the sensing node 901 in stage 1. In some implementations, the sensing node 901 may be preconfigured with the sensing rules, thereby eliminating the need for stage 2.

[0123] At block 3 , the sensing node 901 may perform interference measurements on resources in the set of preconfigured resources S (eg, as discussed with reference to block 3 of the message flow 600 ).

[0124] At block 4, the sensing node 901 determines whether any of the resources can be selected as a sensing resource, for example, whether the interference on the resource is below an interference threshold T (e.g., as described with reference to block 3 of message flow 600 and with reference to Figure 7 900 ). It should be understood that blocks 3 and 4 need not be performed sequentially, but may be combined, e.g., a determination is made as to whether each resource may be used as a sensing resource (block 4) before measuring interference in the next resource (block 3). For example, the combination of blocks 3 and 4 of message flow 900 may be similar to block 3 of message flow 600.

[0125] Assuming that no resources are determined to be available for sensing by the sensing node 901 in blocks 3 and 4, the sensing node 901 waits for the waiting time window W before performing the first repetition (repetition-1) (comprising phases 5 and 6, which are repetitions of phases 3 and 4, respectively).

[0126] Assuming that no resources are determined to be available for sensing node 901 in blocks 5 and 6 in the first repetition (repetition-1), the sensing node 901 waits an increased amount of time (e.g., a waiting time window 2W) before performing a second repetition (repetition-2) (including stages 7 and 8, which are repetitions of stages 3 and 4, respectively). The increase in the waiting time window may be related to the repetition index (n, from repetition-(n)), or may be configured in other ways.

[0127] At stage 9, if the upper limit of the maximum measurement waiting time is reached (e.g., the upper limit of the waiting time or the upper limit of the number of repetitions) and the sensing node 901 cannot refine the available resources for sensing, the sensing node 901 may generate and transmit a failure report to the network node 902. The network node 902 may generate and transmit another set of sensing resources S for measurement to the sensing node 901, and the sensing node 901 may repeat the process.

[0128] In some implementations, in addition to or as an alternative to transmitting a failure report in stage 9, the sensing node 901 may turn to an inactive idle mode to wait for an increased waiting time window. For example, in some implementations, the sensing node 901 may enter the inactive idle mode between stages 6 and 7 during the waiting time window 2W. In other implementations, the sensing node 901 may enter the inactive idle mode after reaching an upper limit of the maximum measurement waiting time.

[0129] Fig.10 1 shows a schematic block diagram illustrating certain exemplary features of a sensing node 1000, which may be, for example, Figure 1 The UE 104 or base station 102 shown, or respectively in Figure 6 , FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D and Fig. 9 Any of the sensor nodes 601, 801, or 901 shown in FIG. 1 and supporting sensing using a preconfigured set of resources in a wireless network as described herein. For example, the sensor node 1000 may execute Figure 6 , FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D and Fig. 9 The signal flows 600, 800, 820, 840, 860 and 900 shown in Fig.12, and supporting technologies as discussed herein. The sensing node 1000 may, for example, include one or more processors 1002, a memory 1004, an external interface (such as at least one wireless transceiver (e.g., a wireless network interface)) exemplified as a WWAN transceiver 1010, a WLAN transceiver 1011, an ultra-wideband (UWB) transceiver 1012, and a Bluetooth (BT) transceiver 1013, an SPS receiver 1015, and one or more sensors 1014, which may be operatively coupled to one or more connections 1006 (e.g., a bus, line, optical fiber, link, etc.) to a non-transitory computer-readable medium 1020 and the memory 1004. For example, the SPS receiver 1015 may receive and process SPS signals from a satellite vehicle. The one or more sensors 1014 may, for example, be an inertial measurement unit (IMU) that may include one or more accelerometers, one or more gyroscopes, a magnetometer, etc. The sensing node 1000 may also include additional items not shown, such as a user interface that may include, for example, a display, a keypad, or other input device (such as a virtual keypad on a display), through which a user may interface with the sensing node. In some example implementations, all or part of the sensing node 1000 may take the form of a chipset or the like.

[0130] The sensing node 1000 may include at least one wireless transceiver, such as a wireless transceiver 1010 for a WWAN communication system and a wireless transceiver 1011 for a WLAN communication system, a UWB transceiver 1012 for a UWB communication system, a BT transceiver 1013 for a Bluetooth communication system, or a combined transceiver for any of WWAN, WLAN, UWB, and BT. The WWAN transceiver 1010 may include a transmitter 1010t and a receiver 1010r coupled to one or more antennas 1009 for transmitting (e.g., on one or more uplink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) and / or receiving (e.g., on one or more downlink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) wireless signals, and converting signals from wireless signals to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signals. The WLAN transceiver 1011 may include a transmitter 1011t and a receiver 1011r coupled to one or more antennas 1009 or to separate antennas for transmitting (e.g., on one or more uplink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) and / or receiving (e.g., on one or more downlink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) wireless signals, and converting signals from wireless signals to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signals. The UWB transceiver 1012 may include a transmitter 1012t and a receiver 1012r coupled to one or more antennas 1009 or to separate antennas for transmitting (e.g., on one or more uplink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) and / or receiving (e.g., on one or more downlink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) wireless signals, and converting signals from wireless signals to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signals. The BT transceiver 1013 may include a transmitter 1013t and a receiver 1013r coupled to one or more antennas 1009 or to separate antennas for transmitting (e.g., on one or more uplink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) and / or receiving (e.g., on one or more downlink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) wireless signals, and converting signals from wireless signals to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to wireless signals. The transmitters 1010t, 1011t, 1012t, and 1013t may include a plurality of transmitters that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components, and / or the receivers 1010r, 1011r, 1012r, and 1013r may include a plurality of receivers that may be discrete components or combined / integrated components.The WWAN transceiver 1010 may be configured to communicate signals (e.g., with a base station and / or one or more other devices) according to various radio access technologies (RATs), such as 10G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 3GPP LTE-V2X (PC5), etc. The new radio may use millimeter wave frequencies and / or sub-6 GHz frequencies. The WLAN transceiver 1011 may be configured to communicate signals (e.g., with an access point and / or one or more other devices) according to various radio access technologies (RATs), such as 3GPP LTE-V2X (PC5), IEEE 1002.11 (including IEEE 1002.11p), WiFi, WiFi Direct (WiFi-D), Zigbee, etc. The UWB transceiver 1012 may be configured to communicate signals (e.g., with an access point and / or one or more other devices) in accordance with various radio access technologies (RATs), such as personal area networks (PANs) including IEEE 802.15.3, IEEE 802.15.4, etc. The BT transceiver 1013 may be configured to communicate signals in accordance with various radio access technologies (RATs), such as personal area networks (PANs) including IEEE 802.15.3, IEEE 802.15.4, etc. The transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013 may be communicatively coupled to a transceiver interface, which may be at least partially integrated with the transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, for example, via optical and / or electrical connections.

[0131] In some embodiments, the sensing node 1000 may include an antenna 1009, which may be internal or external. The sensing node antenna 1009 may be used to send and / or receive signals processed by the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013. In some embodiments, the sensing node antenna 1009 may be coupled to the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013. In some embodiments, measurements of signals received (sent) by the sensing node 1000 may be performed at the connection points of the sensing node antenna 1009 and the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013. For example, the measurement reference point for the received (sent) RF signal measurement may be the input (output) sensing node of the receiver 1010r (transmitter 1010t) and the output (input) sensing node of the sensing node antenna 1009. In a sensing node 1000 having multiple sensing node antennas 1009 or an antenna array, the antenna connector may be viewed as a virtual point representing the aggregate outputs (inputs) of the multiple sensing node antennas.

[0132] The one or more processors 1002 may be implemented using a combination of hardware, firmware, and software. For example, the one or more processors 1002 may be configured to perform the functions discussed herein by implementing one or more instructions or program codes 1008 on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as the medium 1020 and / or the memory 1004. In some embodiments, the one or more processors 1002 may represent one or more circuits that may be configured to perform at least a portion of a data signal calculation program or process associated with the operation of the sensing node 1000.

[0133] The medium 1020 and / or the memory 1004 may store instructions or program codes 1008 containing executable codes or software instructions that, when executed by one or more processors 1002, cause the one or more processors 1002 to operate as a special-purpose computer programmed to perform the techniques disclosed herein. As illustrated in the sensing node 1000, the medium 1020 and / or the memory 1004 may include one or more components or modules that may be implemented by one or more processors 1002 to perform the methodologies described herein. Although each component or module is illustrated as software executable by one or more processors 1002 in the medium 1020, it should be understood that each component or module may be stored in the memory 1004 or may be dedicated hardware in one or more processors 1002 or outside of the processor.

[0134] Several software modules and data tables may reside in the medium 1020 and / or memory 1004 and be utilized by the one or more processors 1002 to manage both the communications and functionality described herein. It should be understood that the organization of the contents of the medium 1020 and / or memory 1004 as shown in the sensing node 1000 is merely exemplary, and as such, the functionality of the various modules and / or data structures may be combined, separated, and / or configured in different ways depending on the implementation of the sensing node 1000.

[0135] The medium 1020 and / or the memory 1004 may include a sensor resource aggregation module 1022, which, when implemented by the one or more processors 1002, configures the one or more processors 1002 to receive, via an external interface, a sensor resource aggregation module as discussed herein (in Figure 6 and Fig. 9 A set of preconfigured resources for sensing is included in the external interface, and the external interface includes one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012 and 1013.

[0136] The medium 1020 and / or the memory 1004 may include a resource selection module 1024 that, when implemented by the one or more processors 1002, configures the one or more processors 1002 to select from among the resources discussed herein (in Figure 6 , FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D and Fig. 9 The one or more resources are selected from a set of preconfigured resources for sensing (included in the one or more processors 1002). The one or more processors 1002 may be configured to, for example, measure interference of resources in the set of preconfigured resources to select one or more resources. For example, the one or more processors 1002 may measure interference based on a measured received signal strength of a resource received via an external interface including one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013. As discussed herein, interference may be measured based on one or more interference thresholds received via an external interface including one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013. As discussed herein, interference may be further measured based on a time window, which is received via an external interface including one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013 for waiting between measurements of interference, and may be increased after each instance of determining that a resource has interference.

[0137] The medium 1020 and / or the memory 1004 may include a sensing module 1026, which, when implemented by one or more processors 1002, configures the one or more processors 1002 to perform sensing, such as sending one or more resources for sensing as discussed herein via an external interface, the external interface including one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012 and 1013.

[0138] The medium 1020 and / or the memory 1004 may include a capability module 1028, which, when implemented by one or more processors 1002, configures the one or more processors 1002 to send a capability message to a network node, for example via an external interface, for generating a set of preconfigured resources for sensing, the external interface including one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012 and 1013.

[0139] The medium 1020 and / or the memory 1004 may include a reporting module 1030 that, when implemented by the one or more processors 1002, configures the one or more processors 1002 to monitor resource-based interference (e.g., FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D and Fig. 9 ) for example, transmitting a report to a network node via an external interface, which includes one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012 and 1013.

[0140] The methodologies described herein may be implemented by various means depending on the application. For example, these methodologies may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof. For hardware implementation, one or more processors 1002 may be implemented in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, electronic devices, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described herein, or combinations thereof.

[0141] For firmware and / or software implementations, these methodologies may be implemented using modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein. Any machine-readable medium that tangibly embodies instructions may be used to implement the methodologies described herein. For example, software code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium 1020 or memory 1004 connected to one or more processors 1002 and executed by the one or more processors. The memory may be implemented within the one or more processors or external to the one or more processors. As used herein, the term "memory" refers to any type of long-term, short-term, volatile, non-volatile, or other memory, and is not limited to any particular type of memory or any particular amount of memory, or the type of medium on which the memory is stored.

[0142] If implemented in firmware and / or software, the functions may be stored as one or more instructions or program code 1008 on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as the medium 1020 and / or the memory 1004. Examples include computer-readable media encoded with data structures and computer-readable media encoded with computer program code 1008. For example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium including program code 1008 stored thereon may include program code 1008 for supporting sensing using a preconfigured set of resources for sensing in a wireless network in a manner consistent with the disclosed embodiments. The non-transitory computer-readable medium 1020 includes physical computer storage media. The storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired program code 1008 in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer; as used herein, magnetic disks and optical disks include compact disks (CDs), laser disks, optical disks, digital versatile disks (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray disks, where magnetic disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while optical disks reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0143] In addition to being stored on the computer-readable medium 1020, instructions and / or data may also be provided as signals on a transmission medium included in the communication device. For example, the communication device may include an external interface that includes one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, or 1013 with signals indicating instructions and data. These instructions and data are configured to cause one or more processors to implement the functions outlined in the claims. That is, the communication device includes a transmission medium with signals indicating information for performing the disclosed functions.

[0144] The memory 1004 may represent any data storage mechanism. The memory 1004 may include, for example, a main memory and / or a secondary memory. The main memory may include, for example, a random access memory, a read-only memory, etc. Although shown as being separate from the one or more processors 1002 in this example, it should be understood that all or part of the main memory may be provided within the one or more processors 1002 or otherwise co-located / coupled with the one or more processors. The secondary memory may include, for example, a memory of the same or similar type as the main memory and / or one or more data storage devices or systems (such as, for example, a disk drive, an optical drive, a tape drive, a solid-state memory drive, etc.).

[0145] In some implementations, the secondary memory is operable to receive or otherwise be configured to be coupled to a non-transitory computer-readable medium 1020. Thus, in some example implementations, the methods and / or apparatus presented herein may take the form of all or part of a computer-readable medium 1020 that may include computer-implementable program code 1008 stored thereon, which when executed by one or more processors 1002 is operably implemented to be capable of performing all or part of the example operations as described herein. The computer-readable medium 1020 may be part of the memory 1004.

[0146] Fig.11 A schematic block diagram illustrating certain exemplary features of a network node 1100 is shown, which network node may be, for example, Figure 1 The sensor server 172 in the Figure 6 , FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D , Fig. 9 or Fig.11 1100 may be a network node 602, 802, or 902 in the embodiment of the present invention, and supports sensing by a sensing node (such as a UE or a base station) in a wireless network using a preconfigured set of resources, as described herein. For example, the network node 1100 may execute Figure 6 , FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D and Fig. 9 The signal flows 600, 800, 820, 840, 860 and 900 shown in Fig.13 1300, and supporting technologies as discussed herein. The network node 1100 may include, for example, one or more processors 1102 and memory 1104, an external interface 1110, which may be operatively coupled to a non-transitory computer-readable medium 1120 and memory 1104 via one or more connections 1106 (e.g., a bus, line, optical fiber, link, etc.). The external interface 1110 may be a wired and / or wireless interface capable of connecting to a network entity in the core network 170, through which the network node 1100 may communicate with a sensing node (such as a UE or a base station), or if the network node is, for example, a base station, the external interface 1110 may be a wireless transceiver configured to communicate signals (e.g., with a sensing node) according to various radio access technologies (RATs). The network node 1100 may also include additional items not shown, such as a user interface by which a user may interface with the network node, which may include, for example, a display, a keypad, or other input device (such as a virtual keypad on a display). In certain example implementations, all or part of network node 1100 may take the form of a chipset or the like.

[0147] The one or more processors 1102 may be implemented using a combination of hardware, firmware, and software. For example, the one or more processors 1102 may be configured to perform the functions discussed herein by implementing one or more instructions or program codes 1108 on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as the medium 1120 and / or the memory 1104. In some embodiments, the one or more processors 1102 may represent one or more circuits that may be configured to execute at least a portion of a data signal computing program or process associated with the operation of the network node 1100.

[0148] The medium 1120 and / or the memory 1104 may store instructions or program codes 1108 containing executable codes or software instructions that, when executed by one or more processors 1102, cause the one or more processors 1102 to operate as a special-purpose computer programmed to perform the techniques disclosed herein. As illustrated in the network node 1100, the medium 1120 and / or the memory 1104 may include one or more components or modules that may be implemented by one or more processors 1102 to perform the methodologies described herein. Although each component or module is illustrated as software executable by one or more processors 1102 in the medium 1120, it should be understood that each component or module may be stored in the memory 1104 or may be dedicated hardware in one or more processors 1102 or outside of the processor.

[0149] Several software modules and data tables may reside in the media 1120 and / or memory 1104 and be utilized by one or more processors 1102 to manage both the communications and functionality described herein. It should be understood that the organization of the contents of the media 1120 and / or memory 1104 as shown in the network node 1100 is merely exemplary, and as such, the functionality of the various modules and / or data structures may be combined, separated, and / or configured in different ways depending on the implementation of the network node 1100.

[0150] The medium 1120 and / or the memory 1104 may include a capability module 1122 that, when implemented by the one or more processors 1102 , configures the one or more processors 1102 to receive a capability message having a sensing capability of the sensing node from the sensing node via the external interface 1110 .

[0151] The medium 1120 and / or the memory 1104 may include a sensing resource set module 1124 that, when implemented by the one or more processors 1102, configures the one or more processors 1102 to configure a set of sensing resources for a sensing node and transmits the preconfigured set of resources for sensing to the sensing node via the external interface 1110. For example, the set of sensing resources may be configured based on the capabilities of the sensing node. In some implementations, the set of sensing resources may be configured, for example, based on reports received from the sensing node of resources that are unavailable due to interference and / or interference levels on the resources.

[0152] The medium 1120 and / or the memory 1104 may include a resource selection module 1126, which, when implemented by the one or more processors 1102, configures the one or more processors 1102 to transmit one or more interference thresholds to a sensing node via the external interface 1110 to enable the sensing node to determine interference for a resource in the set of preconfigured resources. The one or more processors 1102 may be configured to transmit a time window to the sensing node via the external interface 1110 to enable the sensing node to wait until the time window expires before determining whether a resource continues to have interference after the resource was determined to have interference.

[0153] The medium 1120 and / or the memory 1104 may include a reporting module 1128 that, when implemented by the one or more processors 1102, configures the one or more processors 1102 to monitor resource-based interference (e.g., FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D and Fig. 9 ) receives reports from sensing nodes via external interface 1110.

[0154] The medium 1120 and / or the memory 1104 may include a resource configuration module 1130, which, when implemented by the one or more processors 1102, configures the one or more processors 1102 to transmit an indication (e.g., a configuration) of one or more resources selected by the first sensing node for sensing to a second sensing node via the external interface 1110, so that the second sensing node can receive the one or more resources sent by the first sensing node.

[0155] The methodologies described herein may be implemented by various means depending on the application. For example, these methodologies may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof. For hardware implementation, one or more processors 1102 may be implemented in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, electronic devices, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described herein, or combinations thereof.

[0156] For firmware and / or software implementations, these methodologies may be implemented using modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein. Any machine-readable medium that tangibly embodies instructions may be used to implement the methodologies described herein. For example, software code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium 1120 or memory 1104 connected to one or more processors 1102 and executed by the one or more processors. The memory may be implemented within the one or more processors or external to the one or more processors. As used herein, the term "memory" refers to any type of long-term, short-term, volatile, non-volatile, or other memory, and is not limited to any particular type of memory or any particular amount of memory, or the type of medium on which the memory is stored.

[0157] If implemented in firmware and / or software, the functions may be stored as one or more instructions or program code 1108 on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as the medium 1120 and / or the memory 1104. Examples include computer-readable media encoded with data structures and computer-readable media encoded with computer program code 1108. For example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium including program code 1108 stored thereon may include program code 1108 for supporting sensing by a sensing node in a wireless network using a set of preconfigured resources in a manner consistent with the disclosed embodiments. The non-transitory computer-readable medium 1120 includes physical computer storage media. The storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code 1108 in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer; as used herein, magnetic disks and optical disks include compact disks (CDs), laser disks, optical disks, digital versatile disks (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray disks, where magnetic disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while optical disks reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0158] In addition to being stored on the computer-readable medium 1120, instructions and / or data may also be provided as signals on a transmission medium included in the communication device. For example, the communication device may include an external interface 1110 having signals indicating instructions and data. These instructions and data are configured to cause one or more processors to implement the functions outlined in the claims. That is, the communication device includes a transmission medium having signals indicating information for performing the disclosed functions.

[0159] The memory 1104 may represent any data storage mechanism. The memory 1104 may include, for example, a main memory and / or a secondary memory. The main memory may include, for example, a random access memory, a read-only memory, etc. Although shown in this example as being separate from the one or more processors 1102, it should be understood that all or part of the main memory may be provided within the one or more processors 1102 or otherwise co-located / coupled with the one or more processors. The secondary memory may include, for example, a memory of the same or similar type as the main memory and / or one or more data storage devices or systems (such as, for example, a disk drive, an optical drive, a tape drive, a solid-state memory drive, etc.).

[0160] In some implementations, the secondary memory is operable to receive or otherwise be configured to be coupled to a non-transitory computer-readable medium 1120. Thus, in some example implementations, the methods and / or apparatus presented herein may take the form of all or part of a computer-readable medium 1120 that may include computer-implementable program code 1108 stored thereon, which when executed by one or more processors 1102 is operably implemented to be capable of performing all or part of the example operations as described herein. The computer-readable medium 1120 may be part of the memory 1104.

[0161] Fig.12 is a flow chart illustrating a method 1200 performed by a sensing node (such as UE 104, or base station 102 or sensing node 1000) for supporting radio frequency (RF) sensing in a wireless network as described herein.

[0162] At block 1202, a sensor node receives a set of preconfigured resources for sensing from a network node, such as Figure 6 Phase 1 and Fig. 9 The means for receiving a set of preconfigured resources for sensing from a network node may include an external interface having one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and an executable code or software instruction (such as 1011) in the memory 1004 and / or the medium 1020 in the sensing node 1000 or in dedicated hardware or implemented. Fig.10 One or more processors 1002 of the sensor resource collection module 1022 shown.

[0163] At block 1204, the sensing node selects one or more resources from a set of preconfigured resources for sensing, such as Figure 6 Stage 3 FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D Phase 1 and Fig. 9 The means for selecting one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing may include an external interface having one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and an executable code or software instruction (such as exemplified in the memory 1004 and / or the medium 1020) in dedicated hardware or implemented in the sensing node 1000. Fig.10 One or more processors 1002 of a resource selection module 1024 as shown.

[0164] At block 1206, the sensing node sends one or more resources for sensing, such as Figure 6 Stage 4 Fig. 8A Phase 2 Figure 8C Phase 3 and Fig.8D The means for transmitting one or more resources for sensing may include an external interface having one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and an executable code or software instruction (such as ) in the memory 1004 and / or the medium 1020 in the sensing node 1000 or having dedicated hardware or implementing the sensing node 1000. Fig.10 One or more processors 1002 of the sensing module 1026 shown.

[0165] In one specific implementation, the sensing node may receive a sensing service request, wherein in response to the sensing service request, one or more resources are selected from a set of preconfigured resources for sensing, e.g. Figure 6 The means for receiving a sensing service request (wherein one or more resources are selected from a set of preconfigured resources for sensing in response to the sensing service request) may include an external interface having one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and an executable code or software instruction (such as a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020) in dedicated hardware or implemented in the sensing node 1000. Fig.10 One or more processors 1002 of the sensing module 1026 shown.

[0166] In one specific implementation, the sensing node may transmit a capability message with sensing capabilities to the network node, wherein the set of preconfigured resources is based on the sensing capabilities, e.g. Figure 6 The means for transmitting a capability message with sensing capability to a network node (where the set of preconfigured resources is based on the sensing capability) may include an external interface having one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a dedicated hardware or a memory 1004 implemented in the sensing node 1000) and / or a medium 1020 (such as a memory 1020 implemented in the sensing node 1000). Fig.10 One or more processors 1002 that execute executable code or software instructions in the capability module 1028 shown.

[0167] In some implementations, a sensing node may select one or more resources from a set of preconfigured resources for sensing by measuring interference from resources in the set of preconfigured resources, e.g. Figure 6 Stage 3 FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D Phase 1 and Fig. 9 For example, the sensing node may select one or more resources without interference for sensing, such as Figure 6 Stage 3 FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D Phase 1 and Fig. 9The means for measuring interference from resources of the preconfigured resource set may include an external interface having one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a memory 1020) in a dedicated hardware or implementation sensing node 1000. Fig.10 The one or more processors 1002 may include executable code or software instructions in the resource selection module 1024 shown in the figure. The means for selecting one or more resources without interference for sensing may include an external interface with one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012 and 1013, and executable code or software instructions in the memory 1004 and / or the medium 1020 (such as a dedicated hardware or a sensor node 1000) or a processor 1002 may include executable code or software instructions in the memory 1004 and / or the medium 1020 (such as a sensor node 1000). Fig.10 One or more processors 1002 of a resource selection module 1024 as shown.

[0168] For example, in one implementation, the sensing node may measure interference from resources of the preconfigured set of resources by determining received signal strengths of the resources, and may select one or more resources without interference for sensing based on the received signal strengths, e.g. Figure 6 Stage 3 FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D Phase 1 and Fig. 9 The means for determining the received signal strength of the resource may include an external interface having one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012 and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a memory 1020) in the sensing node 1000 or having dedicated hardware or implementing Fig.10 The one or more processors 1002 may execute executable code or software instructions in the resource selection module 1024 shown.

[0169] In some implementations, the interference of the resources is measured sequentially or simultaneously for each of the resources.

[0170] In some specific implementations, the sensing node may obtain at least one interference threshold, wherein the interference of the resource in the set of preconfigured resources is determined based on the at least one interference threshold, for example, Figure 6 Stage 3 FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D Phase 1 and Fig. 9In one embodiment, one interference threshold is for all resources in the set of preconfigured resources. In one embodiment, different interference thresholds are used for different resources in the set of preconfigured resources. In one embodiment, at least one interference threshold is received from a network node. In one embodiment, at least one interference threshold is preconfigured and stored on the sensing node. In one embodiment, different interference thresholds are configured for different use cases. The means for obtaining at least one interference threshold (wherein the interference of resources in the set of preconfigured resources is based at least in part on at least one interference threshold) may include an external interface having one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and having dedicated hardware or implementing executable code or software instructions in memory 1004 and / or medium 1020 in sensing node 1000 (such as Fig.10 One or more processors 1002 of a resource selection module 1024 as shown.

[0171] In one implementation, a sensing node receives a time window, wherein the sensing node selects one or more resources from a set of preconfigured resources by: determining that a resource has interference; and waiting until the time window expires, and then determining whether the resource continues to have interference, e.g., as described in reference Figure 7 as well as Fig. 9 The means for receiving the time window may include an external interface having one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012 and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a memory 1020) in the sensing node 1000 having dedicated hardware or implementing Fig.10 The one or more processors 1002 may be configured to execute executable code or software instructions in the resource selection module 1024 shown in the figure. The means for determining that the resource has interference and the means for waiting until the time window expires and then determining whether the resource continues to have interference may include an external interface having one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012 and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a dedicated hardware or a sensor node 1000) implemented in the sensing node 1000. Fig.10 The one or more processors 1002 may execute executable code or software instructions in the resource selection module 1024 shown.

[0172] For example, in some implementations, the sensing node determines that all resources in the preconfigured set of resources have interference, and waits until the time window expires before re-measuring the interference of resources from the preconfigured set of resources, e.g., as described in reference Figure 7 as well as Fig. 9The means for determining that all resources in the preconfigured resource set have interference, and waiting until the time window expires, and then re-measuring the interference of resources from the preconfigured resource set may include an external interface having one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a memory 1020) in a dedicated hardware or implementation sensing node 1000. Fig.10 The one or more processors 1002 may execute executable code or software instructions in the resource selection module 1024 shown.

[0173] For example, in some implementations, the sensing node increases the time window after each instance of determining that all resources in the set of preconfigured resources have interference, e.g., as described in reference Figure 7 as well as Fig. 9 The means for increasing the time window after each instance of determining that all resources in the set of preconfigured resources have interference may include an external interface having one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a memory 1020) in the sensing node 1000 having dedicated hardware or implementing Fig.10 The one or more processors 1002 may execute executable code or software instructions in the resource selection module 1024 shown.

[0174] In some implementations, the sensing node is configured with a maximum time window or a maximum number of attempts to select a resource without interference, wherein the sensing node is configured to transmit a failure message to the network node or enter an idle mode if the maximum time window or the maximum number of attempts is reached, e.g. Fig. 9 (include Fig. 9 as discussed in stage 9).

[0175] In some implementations, the sensing node selects one or more resources from a set of preconfigured resources by selecting a first resource in the set of preconfigured resources, and if the first resource has interference, selecting a second resource in the set of preconfigured resources, e.g., as in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The means for selecting a first resource in the set of preconfigured resources, and if the first resource has interference, selecting a second resource in the set of preconfigured resources may include an external interface having one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a dedicated hardware or implementation in the sensing node 1000) Fig.10 The one or more processors 1002 may execute executable code or software instructions in the resource selection module 1024 shown.

[0176] In one specific implementation, the sensing node transmits a report to the network node based on the interference of the resource, e.g. Fig. 8A Stage 3 Figure 8B , Figure 8C and Fig.8D Phase 2 and Fig. 9 The means for transmitting a report to a network node based on resource interference may include an external interface having one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a dedicated hardware or implementation) in the sensing node 1000. Fig.10 One or more processors 1002 that execute executable code or software instructions in the reporting module 1030 shown.

[0177] In one example, the sensing node may transmit periodic reports, wherein each of the periodic reports includes information for all resources in a preconfigured set of resources or only for resources with interference or only for resources without interference, e.g. Fig. 8A discussed in Phase 3 of this document.

[0178] In one example, the sensing node receives a second set of preconfigured resources (eg, Figure 6 Phase 1 and Figure 8B ), wherein in response to determining that all resources in the second set of preconfigured resources have interference, a report is transmitted (e.g., as Figure 8B ), and the sensing node receives a set of preconfigured resources (e.g., Figure 8B The report may indicate that each resource is unavailable due to interference or indicate an amount of interference for each resource. The means for receiving a second set of preconfigured resources prior to receiving the set of preconfigured resources (wherein the report is transmitted in response to determining that all resources in the second set of preconfigured resources have interference) may include an external interface having one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a dedicated hardware or implementation in the sensing node 1000) in the sensing node 1000. Fig.10 The sensor resource collection module 1022 shown in FIG. 1002 may be configured to receive a preconfigured resource set in response to a report. The means for receiving the preconfigured resource set in response to the report may include an external interface having one or more of the wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a dedicated hardware or implementation) in the sensing node 1000. Fig.10One or more processors 1002 that execute executable code or software instructions in the sensor resource collection module 1022 shown.

[0179] In one example, the report indicates one or more resources selected for sensing, e.g. Figure 8C The sensing node may transmit an indication to the network node when the sensing node releases one or more resources, for example, Figure 8C The means for transmitting an indication to a network node when a sensing node releases one or more resources may include an external interface having one or more of wireless transceivers 1010, 1011, 1012, and 1013, and a memory 1004 and / or a medium 1020 (such as a memory 1020) in dedicated hardware or implementing the sensing node 1000. Fig.10 One or more processors 1002 that execute executable code or software instructions in the reporting module 1030 shown.

[0180] In one example, the report indicates the one or more resources selected for sensing to enable the network node to indicate the one or more resources selected for sensing to a second sensing node in order to receive the one or more resources sent by the sensing node, e.g., as in Fig.8D discussed in Phases 2 and 3 of this paper.

[0181] Fig.13 is an example of a network node (such as Figure 1 The sensor server 172 in Figure 6 , FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D , Fig. 9 or Fig.11 104 or base station 102) in a wireless network, as described herein.

[0182] At block 1302, a network node receives a capability message from a sensing node having the sensing capability of the sensing node, e.g. Figure 6 The means for receiving a capability message having the sensing capability of the sensing node from the sensing node may include an external interface 1110, and a memory 1104 and / or a medium 1120 (such as a memory 1120) in a dedicated hardware or implementation network node 1100. Fig.11 One or more processors 1102 that execute executable code or software instructions in the capability module 1122 shown.

[0183] At block 1304, the network node generates a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capabilities of the sensing nodes, e.g. Figure 6 Phase 1 and Fig. 9 The means for generating a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node may include an external interface 1110, and a memory 1104 and / or a medium 1120 (such as a dedicated hardware or implementation in the network node 1100) Fig.11 One or more processors 1102 that execute executable code or software instructions in the sensing resource collection module 1124 shown.

[0184] At block 1306, the network node transmits a set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node, so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing, e.g. Figure 6 Phase 1 and Fig. 9 The means for transmitting the set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing may include an external interface 1110, and a memory 1104 and / or a medium 1120 (such as a dedicated hardware or a memory 1104 implemented in the network node 1100) Fig.11 One or more processors 1102 that execute executable code or software instructions in the sensing resource collection module 1124 shown.

[0185] In some implementations, a sensing node is enabled to select one or more resources from a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on measured interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources, e.g. Figure 6 Stage 3 FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D Phase 1 and Fig. 9 as described in Phase 3 of

[0186] In some implementations, the network node transmits at least one interference threshold to the sensing node to enable the sensing node to determine interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources based on the at least one interference threshold, e.g. Figure 6 Stage 3 FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D Phase 1 and Fig. 9 In one embodiment, one interference threshold is for all resources in the set of preconfigured resources. In one embodiment, different interference thresholds are used for different resources in the set of preconfigured resources. The means for transmitting at least one interference threshold to the sensing node so that the sensing node can determine interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources based on the at least one interference threshold may include an external interface 1110, and a memory 1104 and / or a medium 1120 (such as a memory 1120) in a dedicated hardware or implementation network node 1100. Fig.11One or more processors 1102 that execute executable code or software instructions in the resource selection module 1126 shown.

[0187] In one implementation, the network node transmits a time window to the sensing node so that the sensing node can wait until the time window expires before determining whether the resource continues to have interference after the resource is determined to have interference, for example, as described in reference Figure 7 as well as Fig. 9 Figure 5 and Figure 6 The means for transmitting the time window to the sensing node so that the sensing node can wait until the time window expires and then determine whether the resource continues to have interference after the resource is determined to have interference may include an external interface 1110, and a memory 1104 and / or a medium 1120 (such as a memory 1120) in a dedicated hardware or implementation network node 1100. Fig.11 One or more processors 1102 that execute executable code or software instructions in the resource selection module 1126 shown.

[0188] In one specific implementation, the network node receives a report from the sensing node indicating that all resources have interference after multiple attempts to select a resource without interference, e.g. Fig. 8A Stage 3 Figure 8B , Figure 8C and Fig.8D Phase 2 and Fig. 9 The means for receiving a report from a sensing node indicating that all resources have interference after multiple attempts to select a resource without interference may include an external interface 1110, and a memory 1104 and / or a medium 1120 (such as a dedicated hardware or implementation in the network node 1100) in the network node 1100. Fig.11 One or more processors 1102 that execute executable code or software instructions in the reporting module 1128 shown.

[0189] In one specific implementation, the network node receives a report from a sensing node based on interference of a resource, e.g. Fig. 8A Stage 3 Figure 8B , Figure 8C and Fig.8D Phase 2 and Fig. 9 The means for receiving reports from sensing nodes based on resource interference may include an external interface 1110, and a memory 1104 and / or a medium 1120 (such as a dedicated hardware or implementation in the network node 1100) Fig.11 One or more processors 1102 that execute executable code or software instructions in the reporting module 1128 shown.

[0190] In one example, the network node may receive periodic reports, wherein each of the periodic reports includes information for all resources in a set of preconfigured resources or only for resources with interference or only for resources without interference, e.g. Fig. 8A discussed in Phase 3 of this document.

[0191] In one example, the report indicates that all resources in the preconfigured resource set have interference (e.g., Figure 8B ), and the network node generates a second set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capabilities and reports of the sensing nodes, and transmits the second set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing nodes (e.g., Figure 8B The report may indicate that each resource is unavailable due to interference or indicate the amount of interference for each resource. The means for generating a second set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node and the report and transmitting the second set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node may include an external interface 1110, and a memory 1104 and / or a medium 1120 (such as a memory 1120 having dedicated hardware or implementing the network node 1100) in the network node 1100. Fig.11 One or more processors 1102 that execute executable code or software instructions in the sensing resource collection module 1124 shown.

[0192] In one example, the report indicates one or more resources selected by the sensing node for sensing (e.g., Figure 8C ), and the network node receives an indication from the sensing node when the sensing node releases one or more resources (e.g., as discussed in stage 2 of Figure 8C The means for receiving an indication from a sensing node when the sensing node releases one or more resources may include an external interface 1110, and a memory 1104 and / or a medium 1120 (such as a memory 1120 having dedicated hardware or implementing network node 1100) in the network node 1100. Fig.11 One or more processors 1102 that execute executable code or software instructions in the reporting module 1128 shown.

[0193] In one example, the report indicates one or more resources selected for sensing (e.g., Fig.8D 2), and the network node transmits an indication of one or more resources selected by the sensing node for sensing to the second sensing node in order to receive the one or more resources sent by the sensing node (e.g., Fig.8D The report indicates the one or more resources selected for sensing by a resource index, and the indication of the one or more resources selected by the sensing node transmitted to the second sensing node configures each of the one or more resources (e.g., as in Fig.8D The means for transmitting an indication of one or more resources selected by the sensing node for sensing to a second sensing node in order to receive the one or more resources sent by the sensing node may include an external interface 1110, and a memory 1104 and / or a medium 1120 (such as a memory device 1120) having dedicated hardware or implementing the network node 1100. Fig.11 One or more processors 1102 that execute executable code or software instructions in the resource configuration module 1130 shown.

[0194] References throughout this specification to "one example," "an example," "some examples," or "exemplary implementations" mean that the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with the features and / or examples may be included in at least one feature and / or example of the claimed subject matter. Thus, phrases appearing throughout the specification in "one example," "an example," "some examples," or "in some implementations," or other similar phrases, do not necessarily all refer to the same features, examples, and / or limitations. Furthermore, these particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more examples and / or features.

[0195] Some parts of the specific embodiments included herein are presented in the form of algorithms or symbolic representations of operations on binary digital signals stored in the memory of a specific device or a special computing device or platform. In the context of this specific specification, the term specific device, etc. includes a general-purpose computer that performs specific operations according to instructions from program software once programmed. Algorithmic descriptions or symbolic representations are examples of techniques used by ordinary technicians in signal processing or related fields to convey the essence of their work to other technicians in the field. The algorithm here is generally considered to be a self-consistent sequence of operations or similar signal processing that leads to a desired result. In this context, operations or processing involve physical manipulation of physical quantities. Typically, but not necessarily, such quantities can take the form of electrical or magnetic signals that can be stored, transferred, combined, compared or otherwise manipulated. Mainly for reasons of common use, it has been proven that it is sometimes convenient to refer to such signals as bits, data, values, elements, symbols, characters, items, numbers, numerical values, etc. However, it should be understood that all of these or similar terms should be associated with appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels. Unless specifically stated otherwise, as is apparent from the discussion herein, it should be appreciated that throughout this specification, discussions utilizing terms such as "processing," "computing," "calculating," "determining," etc. refer to actions or processes of a specific apparatus such as a special purpose computer, a special purpose computing apparatus, or a similar special purpose electronic computing device. Thus, in the context of this specification, a special purpose computer or similar special purpose electronic computing device is capable of manipulating or transforming signals that are typically represented as physical electronic or magnetic quantities within a memory, register, or other information storage device, transmission device, or display device of the special purpose computer or similar special purpose electronic computing device.

[0196] In the above detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the claimed subject matter. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the claimed subject matter may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the art are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the claimed subject matter.

[0197] As used herein, the terms "and," "or," and "and / or" may include various meanings that are also intended to depend, at least in part, on the context in which such terms are used. Generally, "or," if used in connection with a list, such as A, B, or C, is intended to mean A, B, and C (where used in an inclusive sense) as well as A, B, or C (where used in an exclusive sense). Additionally, the terms "one or more," as used herein, may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular, or may be used to describe a plurality of features, structures, or characteristics, or some other combination thereof. It should be noted, however, that this is merely an illustrative example, and claimed subject matter is not limited to this example.

[0198] While what is presently considered to be example features has been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various other modifications may be made, and equivalents may be substituted, without departing from the claimed subject matter. Additionally, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular scenario to the teachings of the claimed subject matter without departing from the central concepts described herein.

[0199] In view of this description, various embodiments may include different combinations of features. Specific implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0200] 1. A method for supporting radio frequency (RF) sensing in a wireless network, performed by a sensing node in the wireless network, the method comprising: receiving a set of preconfigured resources for sensing from a network node; selecting one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing; and sending the one or more resources for sensing.

[0201] Clause 2. The method of clause 1, further comprising receiving a sensing service request, wherein the one or more resources are selected from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing in response to the sensing service request.

[0202] Clause 3. The method of any of clauses 1 to 2, further comprising transmitting a capability message having sensing capabilities to the network node, wherein the set of preconfigured resources is based on the sensing capabilities.

[0203] Clause 4. A method according to any one of clauses 1 to 3, wherein selecting the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing comprises: measuring interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources; and selecting the one or more resources without interference for sensing.

[0204] Clause 5. The method of clause 4, wherein measuring the interference of the resources from the set of preconfigured resources comprises determining a received signal strength of the resources, and wherein selecting the one or more resources without interference for sensing is based on the received signal strength.

[0205] Clause 6. The method of any of clauses 4 to 5, wherein the interference of the resources is measured sequentially or simultaneously for each of the resources.

[0206] Clause 7. The method of any one of clauses 4 to 6, further obtaining at least one interference threshold, wherein the interference of the resources in the set of preconfigured resources is determined based on the at least one interference threshold.

[0207] Clause 8. The method of clause 7, wherein one interference threshold is for all resources in the set of preconfigured resources.

[0208] Clause 9. A method as described in any of clauses 7 to 8, wherein different interference thresholds are for different resources in the set of preconfigured resources.

[0209] Clause 10. The method of any of clauses 7 to 9, wherein the at least one interference threshold is received from the network node.

[0210] Clause 11. The method of any of clauses 7 to 9, wherein the at least one interference threshold is preconfigured and stored on the sensing node.

[0211] Clause 12. A method according to any one of clauses 7 to 11, wherein different interference thresholds are configured for different use cases.

[0212] Clause 13. A method according to any one of clauses 4 to 12, the method further comprising receiving a time window, wherein selecting the one or more resources from the preconfigured resource set comprises: determining that a resource has interference; and waiting until the time window expires, and then determining whether the resource continues to have interference.

[0213] Clause 14. The method of clause 13, further comprising: determining that all resources in the set of preconfigured resources have interference, and waiting until the time window expires before re-measuring the interference of the resources from the set of preconfigured resources. 15. The method of clause 14, further comprising increasing the time window after each instance of determining that all resources in the set of preconfigured resources have interference.

[0214] Clause 16. A method according to clause 15, wherein the sensing node is configured with a maximum time window or a maximum number of attempts to select a resource without interference, wherein the sensing node is configured to transmit a failure message to the network node or enter an idle mode if the maximum time window or the maximum number of attempts is reached.

[0215] Clause 17. A method according to any one of clauses 4 to 16, wherein selecting the one or more resources from the preconfigured resource set comprises: selecting a first resource in the preconfigured resource set; and if the first resource has interference, selecting a second resource in the preconfigured resource set.

[0216] Clause 18. The method of any of clauses 4 to 17, further comprising transmitting a report to the network node based on the interference of the resource.

[0217] Clause 19. The method of clause 18, wherein transmitting the report comprises transmitting periodic reports, wherein each of the periodic reports comprises information for all resources in the set of preconfigured resources, or only resources with interference, or only resources without interference.

[0218] Clause 20. A method according to any one of clauses 18 to 19, the method further comprising: receiving a second set of preconfigured resources before receiving the set of preconfigured resources, wherein the report is transmitted in response to determining that all resources in the second set of preconfigured resources have interference; and receiving the set of preconfigured resources in response to the report.

[0219] Clause 21. The method of clause 20, wherein the report indicates that each resource is unavailable due to interference or indicates an amount of interference for each resource.

[0220] Clause 22. A method as described in any of clauses 18 to 21, wherein the report indicates the one or more resources selected for sensing, the method further comprising transmitting an indication to the network node when the sensing node releases the one or more resources.

[0221] Clause 23. A method according to any one of clauses 18 to 22, wherein the report indicates the one or more resources selected for sensing to enable the network node to indicate the one or more resources selected for sensing to a second sensing node in order to receive the one or more resources sent by the sensing node.

[0222] Clause 24. The method of any of clauses 1 to 23, wherein the sensing node comprises one of a user equipment (UE) or a base station.

[0223] Clause 25. A sensing node in a wireless network configured to support radio frequency (RF) sensing in the wireless network, the sensing node comprising: at least one wireless transceiver; at least one memory; and at least one processor, the at least one processor coupled to the at least one wireless transceiver and the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the network node to: receive a set of preconfigured resources for sensing from a network node via the at least one wireless transceiver; select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing; and send the one or more resources for sensing via the at least one wireless transceiver.

[0224] Clause 26. The sensing node of clause 25, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to receive a sensing service request via the at least one wireless transceiver, wherein the one or more resources are selected from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing in response to the sensing service request.

[0225] Clause 27. A sensing node according to any of clauses 25 to 26, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit a capability message having a sensing capability to the network node via the at least one wireless transceiver, wherein the set of preconfigured resources is based on the sensing capability.

[0226] Clause 28. A sensing node according to any one of clauses 25 to 27, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing by being configured to: measure interference from resources from the set of preconfigured resources; and select the one or more resources without interference for sensing.

[0227] Clause 29. A sensing node according to clause 28, wherein the at least one processor is configured to measure the interference of the resources from the set of preconfigured resources includes determining a received signal strength of the resources, and wherein selecting the one or more resources without interference for sensing is based on the received signal strength.

[0228] Clause 30. The sensing node of any of clauses 28 to 29, wherein the interference of the resources is measured sequentially or simultaneously for each of the resources.

[0229] Clause 31. A sensing node as described in any of clauses 28 to 30, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to obtain at least one interference threshold, wherein the interference of the resources in the set of preconfigured resources is determined based on the at least one interference threshold.

[0230] Clause 32. The sensing node of clause 31, wherein one interference threshold is for all resources in the set of preconfigured resources.

[0231] Clause 33. A sensing node as described in any of clauses 31 to 32, wherein different interference thresholds are for different resources in the set of preconfigured resources.

[0232] Clause 34. The sensing node of any of clauses 31 to 33, wherein the at least one interference threshold is received from the network node.

[0233] Clause 35. A sensing node as recited in any one of Clauses 31 to 33, wherein the at least one interference threshold is preconfigured and stored on the sensing node.

[0234] Clause 36. A sensing node as described in any of clauses 31 to 35, wherein different interference thresholds are configured for different use cases.

[0235] Clause 37. A sensing node according to any one of clauses 28 to 36, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to receive a time window via the at least one wireless transceiver, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources by being configured to: determine that a resource has interference; and wait until the time window expires, and then determine whether the resource continues to have interference.

[0236] Clause 38. The sensing node of clause 37, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to determine that all resources in the set of preconfigured resources have interference, and wait until the time window expires before re-measuring the interference of the resources from the set of preconfigured resources. 39. The sensing node of clause 38, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to increase the time window after each instance of determining that all resources in the set of preconfigured resources have interference.

[0237] Clause 40. A sensing node according to clause 39, wherein the sensing node is configured with a maximum time window or a maximum number of attempts to select a resource without interference, wherein the sensing node is configured to transmit a failure message to the network node or enter an idle mode if the maximum time window or the maximum number of attempts is reached.

[0238] Clause 41. A sensing node according to any one of clauses 28 to 40, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources by being configured to: select a first resource in the set of preconfigured resources; and if the first resource has interference, select a second resource in the set of preconfigured resources.

[0239] Clause 42. The sensing node of any of clauses 28 to 41, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit a report to the network node based on interference of the resource.

[0240] Clause 43. A sensing node according to clause 42, wherein the at least one processor is configured to transmit the report by being configured to transmit periodic reports via the at least one wireless transceiver, wherein each of the periodic reports includes information for all resources in the set of preconfigured resources or only for resources with interference or only for resources without interference.

[0241] Clause 44. A sensing node according to any one of clauses 42 to 43, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive a second set of preconfigured resources via the at least one wireless transceiver before receiving the set of preconfigured resources, wherein the report is transmitted in response to determining that all resources in the second set of preconfigured resources have interference; and receive the set of preconfigured resources via the at least one wireless transceiver in response to the report.

[0242] Clause 45. The sensing node of Clause 44, wherein the report indicates that each resource is unavailable due to interference or indicates an amount of interference for each resource.

[0243] Clause 46. A sensing node as described in any of clauses 42 to 45, wherein the report indicates the one or more resources selected for sensing, the method further comprising transmitting an indication to the network node when the sensing node releases the one or more resources.

[0244] Clause 47. A sensing node according to any of clauses 42 to 46, wherein the report indicates the one or more resources selected for sensing to enable the network node to indicate the one or more resources selected for sensing to a second sensing node in order to receive the one or more resources sent by the sensing node.

[0245] Clause 48. A sensing node as set forth in any one of clauses 25 to 47, wherein the sensing node comprises one of a user equipment (UE) or a base station.

[0246] Clause 49. A sensing node in a wireless network configured to support radio frequency (RF) sensing in the wireless network, the sensing node comprising: a component for receiving a set of preconfigured resources for sensing from a network node; a component for selecting one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing; and a component for sending the one or more resources for sensing.

[0247] Clause 50. A non-transitory storage medium comprising program code stored thereon, the program code being operable to configure at least one processor in a sensing node in a wireless network to support radio frequency (RF) sensing in the wireless network, the program code comprising instructions for: receiving a set of preconfigured resources for sensing from a network node; selecting one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing; and sending the one or more resources for sensing.

[0248] Clause 51. A method performed by a network node in a wireless network for supporting radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by a sensing node in the wireless network, the method comprising: receiving a capability message having the sensing capability of the sensing node from the sensing node; generating a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node; and transmitting the set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing.

[0249] Clause 52. The method of clause 51, wherein the sensing node is enabled to select the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on measured interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources.

[0250] Clause 53. The method of clause 52, further comprising transmitting at least one interference threshold to the sensing node to enable the sensing node to determine interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources based on the at least one interference threshold.

[0251] Clause 54. The method of clause 53, wherein one interference threshold is for all resources in the set of preconfigured resources.

[0252] Clause 55. The method of clause 53, wherein different interference thresholds are for different resources in the set of preconfigured resources.

[0253] Clause 56. A method according to any one of clauses 52 to 55, the method further comprising transmitting a time window to the sensing node to enable the sensing node to wait until the time window expires and then determine whether a resource continues to have interference after the resource is determined to have interference.

[0254] Clause 57. The method of clause 56, further comprising receiving a report from the sensing node indicating that all resources have interference after multiple attempts to select a resource without interference.

[0255] Clause 58. The method of any one of clauses 52 to 57, further comprising receiving a report from the sensing node based on interference of the resource.

[0256] Clause 59. The method of clause 58, wherein receiving the report comprises receiving periodic reports, wherein each of the periodic reports comprises information for all resources in the set of preconfigured resources, or only resources with interference, or only resources without interference.

[0257] Clause 60. A method according to clause 58, wherein the report indicates that all resources in the preconfigured resource set have interference, the method further comprising: generating a second preconfigured resource set for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node and the report; and transmitting the second preconfigured resource set for sensing to the sensing node.

[0258] Clause 61. The method of clause 60, wherein the report indicates that each resource is unavailable due to interference or indicates an amount of interference for each resource.

[0259] Clause 62. The method of any one of clauses 58, wherein the report indicates one or more resources selected by the sensing node for sensing, the method further comprising receiving an indication from the sensing node when the sensing node releases the one or more resources.

[0260] Clause 63. A method according to any one of clauses 58 to 62, wherein the report indicates one or more resources selected for sensing, the method further comprising transmitting an indication of the one or more resources selected by the sensing node for sensing to a second sensing node in order to receive the one or more resources sent by the sensing node.

[0261] Clause 64. A method according to clause 63, wherein the report indicates one or more resources selected for sensing by a resource index, and wherein the indication of the one or more resources selected by the sensing node transmitted to the second sensing node configures each of the one or more resources.

[0262] Clause 65. A network node in a wireless network configured to support radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by a sensing node in the wireless network, the network node comprising: an external interface; at least one memory; and at least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the external interface and the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the network node to: receive a capability message having the sensing capability of the sensing node from the sensing node via the external interface; generate a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node; and transmit the set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node via the external interface, so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing.

[0263] Clause 66. The network node of clause 65, wherein the sensing node is enabled to select the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on measured interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources.

[0264] Clause 67. A network node according to clause 66, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit at least one interference threshold to the sensing node via the external interface to enable the sensing node to determine interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources based on the at least one interference threshold.

[0265] Clause 68. The network node of Clause 67, wherein one interference threshold is for all resources in the set of preconfigured resources.

[0266] Clause 69. The network node of Clause 67, wherein different interference thresholds are for different resources in the set of preconfigured resources.

[0267] Clause 70. A network node according to any one of clauses 66 to 69, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit a time window to the sensing node via the external interface so that the sensing node can wait until the time window expires and then determine whether the resource continues to have interference after the resource is determined to have interference.

[0268] Clause 71. The network node of clause 70, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to receive a report from the sensing node via the external interface indicating that all resources have interference after multiple attempts to select a resource without interference.

[0269] Clause 72. The network node of any of clauses 66 to 71, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to receive a report from the sensing node via the external interface based on interference of the resource.

[0270] Clause 73. A network node according to clause 72, wherein the at least one processor is configured to receive the report by being configured to receive periodic reports via the external interface, wherein each of the periodic reports includes information for all resources in the set of preconfigured resources or only for resources with interference or only for resources without interference.

[0271] Clause 74. A network node according to clause 72, wherein the report indicates that all resources in the preconfigured resource set have interference, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: generate a second preconfigured resource set for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node and the report; and transmit the second preconfigured resource set for sensing to the sensing node via the external interface.

[0272] Clause 75. The network node of clause 74, wherein the report indicates that each resource is unavailable due to interference or indicates an amount of interference for each resource.

[0273] Clause 76. A network node according to any one of clauses 72 to 75, wherein the report indicates one or more resources selected by the sensing node for sensing, and wherein the at least one processor is further configured to receive an indication from the sensing node via the external interface when the sensing node releases the one or more resources.

[0274] Clause 77. A network node according to any one of clauses 72 to 76, wherein the report indicates one or more resources selected for sensing, and wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit an indication of the one or more resources selected by the sensing node for sensing to a second sensing node via the external interface in order to receive the one or more resources sent by the sensing node.

[0275] Clause 78. A network node according to clause 77, wherein the report indicates one or more resources selected for sensing by a resource index, and wherein the indication of the one or more resources selected by the sensing node transmitted to the second sensing node configures each of the one or more resources.

[0276] Clause 79. A network node in a wireless network configured to support radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by a sensing node in the wireless network, the network node comprising: a component for receiving a capability message having the sensing capability of the sensing node from the sensing node; a component for generating a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node; and a component for transmitting the set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing.

[0277] Clause 80. A non-transitory storage medium comprising program code stored thereon, the program code being operable to configure at least one processor in a network node in a wireless network to support radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by a sensing node in the wireless network, the program code comprising instructions for: receiving a capability message having a sensing capability of the sensing node from the sensing node; generating a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node; and transmitting the set of preconfigured resources for sensing to the sensing node so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing.

[0278] Therefore, it is intended that the claimed subject matter not be limited to the particular examples disclosed, but that the claimed subject matter may also include all aspects falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method performed by a sensing node in a wireless network for supporting radio frequency (RF) sensing in the wireless network, the method comprising: receiving a set of preconfigured resources for sensing from a network node; selecting one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing; as well as The one or more resources are sent for sensing. 2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising receiving a sensing service request, wherein the one or more resources are selected from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing in response to the sensing service request. 3 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising transmitting a capability message having a sensing capability to the network node, wherein the set of preconfigured resources is based on the sensing capability.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein selecting the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing comprises: measuring interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources; as well as The one or more resources without interference are selected for sensing.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein measuring the interference of the resources from the set of preconfigured resources comprises determining received signal strength of the resources, and wherein selecting the one or more resources without interference for sensing is based on the received signal strength. The method of claim 4 , wherein the interference of the resources is measured sequentially or simultaneously for each of the resources.

7. The method of claim 4, further obtaining at least one interference threshold, wherein the interference of the resources in the set of preconfigured resources is determined based on the at least one interference threshold.

8. The method of claim 4, further comprising receiving a time window, wherein selecting the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources comprises: Identify resources that have interference; as well as Waiting until the time window expires, and then determining whether the resource continues to have interference.

9. The method of claim 4, wherein selecting the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources comprises: Selecting a first resource from the set of preconfigured resources; as well as If the first resource has interference, a second resource in the set of preconfigured resources is selected.

10. The method of claim 4, further comprising transmitting a report to the network node based on the interference of the resource.

11. A sensing node in a wireless network configured to support radio frequency (RF) sensing in the wireless network, the sensing node comprising: at least one wireless transceiver; at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one wireless transceiver and the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the network node to: receiving, via the at least one wireless transceiver, from a network node a set of preconfigured resources for sensing; selecting one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing; as well as The one or more resources are transmitted via the at least one wireless transceiver for sensing.

12. The sensing node of claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to receive a sensing service request via the at least one wireless transceiver, wherein the one or more resources are selected from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing in response to the sensing service request.

13. The sensor node of claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit a capability message having a sensing capability to the network node via the at least one wireless transceiver, wherein the set of preconfigured resources is based on the sensing capability.

14. The sensing node of claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing by being configured to: measuring interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources; and The one or more resources without interference are selected for sensing.

15. The sensing node of claim 14, wherein the at least one processor is configured to measure the interference of the resources from the set of preconfigured resources comprises determining received signal strength of the resources, and wherein selecting the one or more resources without interference for sensing is based on the received signal strength.

16. The sensing node of claim 14, wherein the interference of the resources is measured sequentially or simultaneously for each of the resources.

17. The sensing node of claim 14, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to obtain at least one interference threshold, wherein the interference of the resources in the set of preconfigured resources is determined based on the at least one interference threshold.

18. The sensing node of claim 14, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to receive a time window via the at least one wireless transceiver, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources by being configured to: Determining that a resource has interference; and Waiting until the time window expires, and then determining whether the resource continues to have interference.

19. The sensing node of claim 14, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources by being configured to: Selecting a first resource from the set of preconfigured resources; and If the first resource has interference, a second resource in the set of preconfigured resources is selected.

20. The sensing node of claim 14, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit a report to the network node based on interference of the resource.

21. A method performed by a network node in a wireless network for supporting radio frequency (RF) sensing by a sensing node in the wireless network, the method comprising: receiving, from the sensing node, a capability message having a sensing capability of the sensing node; generating a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node; as well as The set of preconfigured resources for sensing is transmitted to the sensing node, so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the sensing node is enabled to select the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on measured interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising transmitting at least one interference threshold to the sensing node to enable the sensing node to determine interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources based on the at least one interference threshold.

24. The method of claim 22, further comprising transmitting a time window to the sensing node to enable the sensing node to wait until the time window expires before determining whether a resource continues to have interference after the resource was determined to have interference.

25. The method of claim 22, further comprising receiving a report from the sensing node based on interference of the resource.

26. A network node in a wireless network configured to support radio frequency (RF) sensing by a sensing node in the wireless network, the network node comprising: External interface; at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the external interface and to the at least one memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the network node to: receiving, from the sensing node via the external interface, a capability message having a sensing capability of the sensing node; generating a set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on the sensing capability of the sensing node; as well as The set of preconfigured resources for sensing is transmitted to the sensing node via the external interface, so that the sensing node can select one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing.

27. The network node of claim 26, wherein the sensing node is enabled to select the one or more resources from the set of preconfigured resources for sensing based on measured interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources.

28. The network node of claim 27, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit at least one interference threshold to the sensing node via the external interface to enable the sensing node to determine interference of resources from the set of preconfigured resources based on the at least one interference threshold.

29. The network node of claim 27, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to transmit a time window to the sensing node via the external interface to enable the sensing node to wait until the time window expires before determining whether a resource continues to have interference after the resource is determined to have interference.

30. The network node of claim 27, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to receive a report from the sensing node via the external interface based on interference of the resource.

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