A device for breaking and transplanting ridge crop root and straw and covering and returning to field

Abstract

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a high-efficiency root-stalk breaking and ridge-moving covering and returning device for ridge-cultivated crops, which comprises a rack, a root-stalk collecting device, a root-stalk breaking device and a ridge-moving device. The root-stalk collecting device picks up the root-stalk by installing three different angle and type root-stalk picking teeth groups to match the shape of the ridge ditch, and the root-stalk cleaning quality is improved by using the root-ploughing knife with throwing action. The root-stalk breaking device uses the planetary wheel to realize the counter-rotation and self-rotation of the two breaking rollers and the breaking spiral shell, the three breaking knives are meshed with each other, the root-stalk is broken more efficiently, and the broken root-stalk is blown into the ridge ditch by the fan. The ridge-moving device uses the planetary wheel to push the soil of the two adjacent ridge platforms of the ridge ditch to the ridge ditch to form a new ridge platform, the new ridge platform is reduced and compacted by the roller convex buffer, the broken root-stalk covering and returning is completed, the soil is avoided from being turned over, and the soil moisture conservation is effectively realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a ridge-cultivated crop root and straw breaking, ridge-moving, covering and field returning device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing straw field returning mechanical operation is to break and only scatter straw on the ground surface, most machines are not thorough in cleaning root stubble when breaking straw, the breaking quality of straw is low, the decomposition rate of broken straw is slow, and the quality of subsequent field operation is affected. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application is developed to solve the above technical problems, and aims to provide a ridge-cultivated crop root and straw breaking, ridge-moving, covering and field returning device. The device comprises a frame, a root and straw collecting device, a root and straw breaking device and a ridge-moving device.

[0004] The root stalk collecting device comprises a collecting shell, a collecting rotating frame, a stalk pushing tooth, a root planing knife, a collecting screw shaft and a conveying belt. The first battery and the first motor are fixed at the rear end of the collecting shell. The first battery and the first motor are connected by an electric wire. The first collecting gear is concentrically fixed with the power output shaft of the first motor. The first collecting gear and the second collecting gear are engaged. The second collecting gear and the first collecting pulley are concentrically fixed with one end of the collecting screw shaft. The two ends of the collecting screw shaft are rotatably installed on the two ends of the collecting shell. The second collecting pulley is concentrically fixed at one end of the collecting rotating frame. The first collecting pulley and the second collecting pulley are drivingly connected by a collecting belt. The two ends of the collecting rotating frame are rotatably installed on the collecting shell. The stalk pushing tooth comprises a first stalk pushing tooth, a second stalk pushing tooth and a third stalk pushing tooth. The first stalk pushing tooth, the second stalk pushing tooth and the third stalk pushing tooth are fixed on the collecting rotating frame from the two ends to the middle with different installation angles. The root planing knife is composed of a blade, a blade column and a top piece. The root planing knife is inserted into the groove of the collecting rotating frame. The root planing spring is sleeved on the blade column of the root planing knife. The two ends of the root planing spring are respectively in contact with the top piece at the upper end of the root planing knife and the inside of the collecting rotating frame. The top piece at the upper end of the root planing knife is in contact with the root planing cam. The root planing cam is fixed with the root planing cam shaft. The two ends of the root planing cam shaft are fixed on the two ends of the collecting shell. The conveying gear is engaged with the second collecting gear and is concentrically fixed with the driving shaft of the conveying belt. The first conveying pulley is concentrically fixed with the driving shaft of the conveying belt. The second conveying pulley is concentrically fixed with the driven shaft of the conveying belt. The first conveying pulley and the second conveying pulley are drivingly connected by a conveying belt. The driving shaft and the driven shaft of the conveying belt are respectively inserted into the two ends of the conveying baffle. The two ends of the conveying baffle are respectively fixed with the collecting shell and the frame.

[0005] The root stalk breaking device comprises a second motor, a breaking spiral shell, a breaking roller, a breaking blade and a fan, the second battery and the second motor are fixed to the frame, the second battery and the second motor are connected by wires, the first gear is concentrically fixed to the power output shaft of the second motor, the first gear is engaged with the second gear, the second gear is concentrically fixed to the middle part of the breaking spiral shell, and the breaking spiral shell is rotatably installed on the upper part of the frame; the first breaking pulley is concentrically fixed to the other end of the power output shaft of the second motor, the second breaking pulley is fixed to the position between the center and one end of the outer side of the first breaking connecting rod, and the first breaking pulley and the second breaking pulley are drivingly connected by the breaking belt, the breaking roller comprises a first breaking roller and a second breaking roller, the two ends of the first breaking connecting rod are rotatably installed on the small-diameter end of the first breaking roller and the large-diameter end of the second breaking roller respectively, and the small-diameter end of the first breaking roller and the large-diameter end of the second breaking roller are rotatably installed on the breaking gear partition plate, the breaking gear partition plate is rotatably installed in the inner groove of the internal gear, the internal gear is fixed to one end of the frame, the center of the gear shaft is rotatably installed in the groove of the first breaking connecting rod, the third gear and the fourth gear are concentrically fixed to the two ends of the gear shaft respectively, the third gear is engaged with the internal gear, the fifth gear is concentrically fixed to the small-diameter end of the first breaking roller and engaged with the fourth gear, the sixth gear is rotatably installed at the central position of the inner side of the first breaking connecting rod and engaged with the fourth gear and the seventh gear respectively, the seventh gear is rotatably installed at the position between the center and one end of the inner side of the first breaking connecting rod and engaged with the eighth gear, the eighth gear is concentrically fixed to the large-diameter end of the second breaking roller, the first breaking roller and the second breaking roller are oppositely installed, the large-diameter end of the first breaking roller and the small-diameter end of the second breaking roller are rotatably installed on the two ends of the second breaking connecting rod respectively, and the second breaking connecting rod is rotatably installed on the frame at the position between the center and one end; the breaking blade comprises a first breaking blade, a second breaking blade and a third breaking blade, the first breaking blade is approximately triangular, is equidistantly arranged and fixed to the large-diameter end of the breaking roller along the outer contour of the breaking roller, the outer blade of the second breaking blade is approximately "W"-shaped, the inner blade is arc-shaped, is equidistantly arranged and fixed to the middle part of the breaking roller along the outer contour of the breaking roller, and the third breaking blade is approximately "person"-shaped, is equidistantly arranged and fixed to the small-diameter end of the breaking roller along the outer contour of the breaking roller; the third battery is fixed to the bottom of the frame, the third motor is fixed to one end of the frame, the third battery and the third motor are connected by wires, and the fan is fixed to the power output shaft of the third motor.

[0006] The ridge moving device includes a ridge moving gear, a ridge moving blade, a roller frame and a roller. The fourth battery and the fourth motor are fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame. The fourth battery and the fourth motor are connected by wires. The above-mentioned ridge moving gear includes a first ridge moving gear, a second ridge moving gear, a third ridge moving gear, a fourth ridge moving gear and a fifth ridge moving gear. The fourth motor power output shaft passes through the groove on the frame and is fixed concentrically with the first ridge moving gear. The ridge moving gear shaft is fixed on the frame. The second ridge moving gear is rotatably installed concentrically on the ridge moving gear shaft and meshes with the first ridge moving gear. The connecting rod is triangular, the first corner of the ridge-moving gear connecting rod is fixed with the second ridge-moving gear, the third ridge-moving gear is fixed concentrically with the ridge-moving gear shaft and meshes with the fourth ridge-moving gear, the fourth ridge-moving gear is rotatably installed on the second corner of the ridge-moving gear connecting rod and meshes with the fifth ridge-moving gear, the fifth ridge-moving gear is rotatably installed on the third corner of the ridge-moving gear connecting rod, the center of the track limiting plate is fixed at the lowest end of the ridge-moving gear shaft, one end of the ridge-moving connecting rod is fixed concentrically with the fifth ridge-moving gear, the ridge-moving knife bar is rotatably installed in the groove at the other end of the ridge-moving connecting rod, The ridge torsion spring is concentrically mounted on the cross bar at the lower end of the ridge moving cutter bar, and both ends of the ridge moving torsion spring are in contact with the ridge moving cutter plate, the middle part of the ridge moving torsion spring is in contact with the ridge moving cutter bar, the mounting hole on the top of the ridge moving cutter plate is rotatably mounted on the cross bar at the lower end of the ridge moving cutter bar, the roller frame is rotatably mounted on the frame, one end of the roller limiting rod is rotatably mounted on the frame, and the other end is inserted into the groove of the roller frame, the roller spring is mounted on the roller limiting rod, and its two ends are in contact with the roller frame and the upper end of the roller limiting rod respectively, the above-mentioned roller includes a roller shell, a roller inner shaft, The roller protrusion, roller protrusion spring, roller protrusion spring sleeve, and both ends of the roller inner shaft are rotatably installed with the connecting rods on both sides of the roller frame. The roller outer shell is fixed concentrically with the roller inner shaft. The roller protrusion is slidably installed in the groove on the surface of the roller outer shell. The two ends of the roller protrusion spring are fixed with the roller protrusion and the roller inner shaft respectively. The roller protrusion spring sleeve is sleeved on the roller protrusion spring, and its two ends are fixed with the roller inner shaft and the roller outer shell respectively. The two ground wheels are rotatably installed on both sides of the frame, thereby forming a ridge crop root and straw crushing, ridge moving, covering and returning device.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention mainly includes a frame, a root straw collecting device, a root straw crushing device, and a ridge moving device; the root straw collecting device picks up straw by installing three straw-picking tooth groups with different angles and types to fit the shape of the ditch, and uses a root planing knife with a projectile action to improve the quality of cleaning the root stubble; the root straw crushing device uses planetary gears to realize that the two crushing rollers rotate in opposite directions to the crushing spiral shell while rotating at the same time, and the three crushing knives engage with each other to crush the roots and straw, and the crushed roots and straw are blown into the ditch by a fan; the ridge moving device uses planetary gears to push the soil of the ridges on both sides of the ditch adjacent to each other toward the ditch to form a new ridge, and the new ridge is reduced and suppressed by the buffering effect of the roller protrusion, completing the covering and returning of the crushed roots and straw to the field, avoiding soil turning, and effectively realizing soil moisture conservation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0009] Figure 1 A partial axonometric view of a device for crushing roots and straw of ridge-planted crops, moving ridges, covering and returning them to the field

[0010] Figure 2 Partial axonometric view of the root and straw collection device

[0011] Figure 3 Partial axonometric view of the root and straw crushing device

[0012] Figure 4 Partial axonometric view of the ridge moving device

[0013] Description of part numbers in the figure:

[0014] 1 frame 2 collection shell 3 first battery 4 first motor 5 first collection gear 6 second collection gear 7 first collection pulley 8 collection belt 9 second collection pulley 10 collection rotating frame 11 first straw poking tooth 12 second straw poking tooth 13 third straw poking tooth 14 root planing knife 15 root planing spring 16 root planing cam 17 root planing cam shaft 18 collection screw shaft 19 transmission gear 20 transmission belt 21 first transmission pulley 22 transmission belt 23 second transmission pulley 24 second battery 25 second motor 26 first gear 27 second gear 28 broken spiral shell 29 first broken pulley 30 broken belt 31 second broken pulley 32 first broken connecting rod 33 third gear 34 gear shaft 35 fourth gear 36 fifth gear 37 sixth gear 38 seventh gear 39 eighth gear 40 first broken roller 41 second broken connecting rod 42 third battery 43 third motor 44 fan 45 broken gear partition 46 first broken knife 47 second broken knife 48 third broken knife 49 fourth battery 50 fourth motor 51 first row shifting gear 52 second row shifting gear 53 row shifting gear connecting rod 54 third row shifting gear 55 fourth row shifting gear 56 fifth row shifting gear 57 track limiting plate 58 row shifting knife rod 59 row shifting torsion spring 60 row shifting knife plate 61 roller frame 62 roller limiting rod 63 roller spring 64 roller shell 65 roller inner shaft 66 roller protrusion 67 roller protrusion spring 68 roller protrusion spring sleeve 69 row shifting gear shaft 70 row shifting connecting rod 71 inner gear 72 ground wheel 73 transmission baffle 74 second broken roller DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A ridge crop root and straw crushing, row shifting and mulching and returning device includes a frame 1, a root and straw collection device, a root and straw crushing device and a row shifting device. The frame 1 is provided with the root and straw collection device at the front end, the root and straw crushing device at the upper end and the row shifting device at the lower end.

[0016] The root stalk collecting device comprises a collecting shell 2, a collecting rotating frame 10, a stalk pushing tooth, a root planing knife 14, a collecting screw shaft 18 and a conveying belt 20. The first battery 3 and the first motor 4 are fixed at the rear end of the collecting shell 2, and the first battery 3 and the first motor 4 are connected through an electric wire. The first collecting gear 5 is concentrically fixed with the power output shaft of the first motor 4. The first collecting gear 5 and the second collecting gear 6 are engaged. The second collecting gear 6 and the first collecting pulley 7 are concentrically fixed with one end of the collecting screw shaft 18. The two ends of the collecting screw shaft 18 are rotatably installed on the two ends of the collecting shell 2. The second collecting pulley 9 is concentrically fixed at one end of the collecting rotating frame 10. The first collecting pulley 7 and the second collecting pulley 9 are drivingly connected through the collecting belt 8. The two ends of the collecting rotating frame 10 are rotatably installed on the collecting shell 2. The above-mentioned stalk pushing tooth comprises the first stalk pushing tooth 11, the second stalk pushing tooth 12 and the third stalk pushing tooth 13. The first stalk pushing tooth 11, the second stalk pushing tooth 12 and the third stalk pushing tooth 13 are fixed on the collecting rotating frame 10 from the two ends to the middle in different installation angles. The root planing knife 14 is composed of a blade, a knife column and a top piece. The root planing knife 14 is inserted into the groove of the collecting rotating frame 10. The root planing spring 15 is sleeved on the knife column of the root planing knife 14. The two ends of the root planing spring 15 are respectively in contact connection with the top piece at the upper end of the root planing knife 14 and the inside of the collecting rotating frame 10. The top piece at the upper end of the root planing knife 14 is in contact connection with the root planing cam 16. The root planing cam 16 is fixed with the root planing cam shaft 17. The two ends of the root planing cam shaft 17 are fixed on the two ends of the collecting shell 2. The conveying gear 19 is engaged with the second collecting gear 6 and is concentrically fixed with the driving shaft of the conveying belt 20. The first conveying pulley 21 is concentrically fixed with the driving shaft of the conveying belt 20. The second conveying pulley 23 is concentrically fixed with the driven shaft of the conveying belt 20. The first conveying pulley 21 and the second conveying pulley 23 are drivingly connected through the conveying belt 22. The driving shaft and the driven shaft of the conveying belt 20 are respectively inserted into the two ends of the conveying baffle 73. The two ends of the conveying baffle 73 are respectively fixed with the collecting shell 2 and the machine frame 1.

[0017] The root stalk breaking device comprises a second motor 25, a breaking spiral shell 28, a breaking roller, a breaking blade and a fan 44. The second battery 24 and the second motor 25 are fixed to the frame 1, and the second battery 24 and the second motor 25 are connected by wires. A first gear 26 is concentrically fixed to one end of a power output shaft of the second motor 25. The first gear 26 is engaged with a second gear 27. The second gear 27 is concentrically fixed to the middle of the breaking spiral shell 28. The breaking spiral shell 28 is rotatably installed on the upper part of the frame 1. A first breaking pulley 29 is concentrically fixed to the other end of the power output shaft of the second motor 25. A second breaking pulley 31 is fixed to the outside of the first breaking connecting rod 32 between the center and one end. The first breaking pulley 29 and the second breaking pulley 31 are drivingly connected by a breaking belt 30. The above-mentioned breaking roller comprises a first breaking roller 40 and a second breaking roller 74. The two ends of the first breaking connecting rod 32 are rotatably installed on the small-diameter end of the first breaking roller 40 and the large-diameter end of the second breaking roller 74 respectively. The small-diameter end of the first breaking roller 40 and the large-diameter end of the second breaking roller 74 are rotatably installed on a breaking gear partition plate 45. The breaking gear partition plate 45 is rotatably installed in the inner groove of an internal gear 71. The internal gear 71 is fixed to one end of the frame 1. The center of a gear shaft 34 is rotatably installed in the groove of the first breaking connecting rod 32. A third gear 33 and a fourth gear 35 are concentrically fixed to the two ends of the gear shaft 34 respectively. The third gear 33 is engaged with the internal gear 71. A fifth gear 36 is concentrically fixed to the small-diameter end of the first breaking roller 40 and engaged with the fourth gear 35. A sixth gear 37 is rotatably installed on the inside of the first breaking connecting rod 32 at the center position and engaged with the fourth gear 35 and a seventh gear 38 respectively. The seventh gear 38 is rotatably installed on the inside of the first breaking connecting rod 32 between the center and one end and engaged with an eighth gear 39. The eighth gear 39 is concentrically fixed to the large-diameter end of the second breaking roller 74. The first breaking roller 40 and the second breaking roller 74 are oppositely installed. The large-diameter end of the first breaking roller 40 and the small-diameter end of the second breaking roller 74 are rotatably installed on the two ends of a second breaking connecting rod 41 respectively. The second breaking connecting rod 41 is rotatably installed on the frame 1 between the center and one end. The above-mentioned breaking blade comprises a first breaking blade 46, a second breaking blade 47 and a third breaking blade 48. The first breaking blade 46 is approximately triangular and is equidistantly arranged and fixed to the large-diameter end of the breaking roller along the outer contour of the breaking roller. The second breaking blade 47 has an outer blade which is approximately "W"-shaped and an inner blade which is arc-shaped. The second breaking blade 47 is equidistantly arranged and fixed to the middle of the breaking roller along the outer contour of the breaking roller. The third breaking blade 48 is approximately "person"-shaped and is equidistantly arranged and fixed to the small-diameter end of the breaking roller along the outer contour of the breaking roller. A third battery 42 is fixed to the bottom of the frame 1. A third motor 43 is fixed to one end of the frame 1. The third battery 42 and the third motor 43 are connected by wires. The fan 44 is fixed to the power output shaft of the third motor 43.

[0018] The device comprises a ridge moving gear, a ridge knife plate 60, a roller frame 61 and a roller, a fourth battery 49 and a fourth motor 50, which are fixed on the bottom of the frame 1, and the fourth battery 49 and the fourth motor 50 are connected by wires. The ridge moving gear comprises a first ridge moving gear 51, a second ridge moving gear 52, a third ridge moving gear 54, a fourth ridge moving gear 55, a fifth ridge moving gear 56, and the power output shaft of the fourth motor 50 is fixed concentrically with the first ridge moving gear 51 through a groove on the frame 1. The ridge moving gear shaft 69 is fixed on the frame 1, the second ridge moving gear 52 is rotatably fixed concentrically on the ridge moving gear shaft 69 and engaged with the first ridge moving gear 51. The ridge moving gear connecting rod 53 is triangular, the first corner of the ridge moving gear connecting rod 53 is fixed with the second ridge moving gear 52. The third ridge moving gear 54 is fixed concentrically with the fourth ridge moving gear 55 and rotatably installed on the second corner of the ridge moving gear connecting rod 53. The fourth ridge moving gear 55 is rotatably installed on the third corner of the ridge moving gear connecting rod 53 and engaged with the fifth ridge moving gear 56. The fifth ridge moving gear 56 is rotatably installed on the third corner of the ridge moving gear connecting rod 53. The trajectory limiting plate 57 is fixed at the lowermost end of the ridge moving gear shaft 69. One end of the ridge connecting rod 70 is fixed concentrically with the fifth ridge moving gear 56. The ridge knife rod 58 is rotatably installed in the groove at the other end of the ridge connecting rod 70. The ridge torsion spring 59 is concentrically sleeved with the lower end crossbar of the ridge knife rod 58, and the two ends of the ridge torsion spring 59 are connected with the ridge knife plate 60. The middle part of the ridge torsion spring 59 is connected with the ridge knife rod 58. The mounting hole at the top of the ridge knife plate 60 is rotatably installed with the lower end crossbar of the ridge knife rod 58. The roller frame 61 is rotatably installed on the frame 1. One end of the roller limiting rod 62 is rotatably installed on the frame 1, and the other end is inserted into the groove of the roller frame 61. The roller spring 63 is sleeved on the roller limiting rod 62, and the two ends thereof are respectively connected with the roller frame 61 and the upper end of the roller limiting rod 62. The roller comprises a roller shell 64, a roller inner shaft 65, a roller protrusion 66, a roller protrusion spring 67 and a roller protrusion spring sleeve 68. The two ends of the roller inner shaft 65 are rotatably installed with the two side connecting rods of the roller frame 61. The roller shell 64 is fixed concentrically with the roller inner shaft 65. The roller protrusion 66 is slidably installed in the groove on the surface of the roller shell 64. The two ends of the roller protrusion spring 67 are fixed with the roller protrusion 66 and the roller inner shaft 65. The roller protrusion spring sleeve 68 is sleeved on the roller protrusion spring 67, and the two ends thereof are fixed with the roller inner shaft 65 and the roller shell 64. Two ground wheels 72 are rotatably installed on the two sides of the frame 1. Thus, a ridge breaking and ridge covering device for ridge crop root and straw is formed.

[0019] When working, the first battery 3 supplies power for the first motor 4, the first motor 4 drives the first collecting gear 5 to rotate and then drives the second collecting gear 6 to rotate, the second collecting gear 6 drives the first collecting pulley 7 to rotate, the first collecting pulley 7 drives the second collecting pulley 9 to rotate through the collecting belt 8, and then drives the collecting rotary frame 10 to rotate, the collecting rotary frame 10 drives the straw poking gear set to rotate, and the straw is picked up in the furrow through the straw poking gears with different lengths, meanwhile, the collecting rotary frame 10 drives the root cutter 14 to rotate around the root cutting cam 16, when the root cutter 14 moves downward, the root spring 15 is compressed and the root cutter 14 extends to clean the stubble, when the root cutter 14 moves upward, the root spring 15 resets and the root cutter 14 retracts; the second collecting gear 6 drives the collecting spiral shaft 18 to rotate, concentrates the collected roots and straws in the middle and sends them into the conveying belt 20, the second collecting gear 6 drives the conveying gear 19 to rotate, and then drives the driving shaft of the conveying belt 20 to rotate, the driving shaft of the conveying belt 20 drives the first conveying pulley 21 to rotate, the first conveying pulley 21 drives the second conveying pulley 23 to rotate through the conveying belt 22, and then drives the driven shaft of the conveying belt 20 to rotate, the conveying belt 20 sends the collected roots and straws into the root and straw crushing device; the second battery 24 supplies power for the second motor 25, the second motor 25 drives the first gear 26 to rotate, the first gear 26 drives the second gear 27 to rotate, and then drives the crushing spiral shell 28 to rotate, the crushing spiral shell 28 drives the roots and straws to move and at the same time drives the roots and straws to the highest point of the crushing spiral shell 28, and then falls between the first crushing roller 40 and the second crushing roller 74, the second motor 25 drives the first crushing pulley 29 to rotate, the first crushing pulley 29 drives the second crushing pulley 31 to rotate through the crushing belt 30, and then drives the first crushing connecting rod 32 to rotate, the first crushing connecting rod 32 drives the first crushing roller 40, the second crushing roller 74 and the crushing gear partition plate 45 to rotate as a whole, the first crushing connecting rod 32 drives the third gear 33 to rotate with the crushing gear partition plate 45, and at the same time the third gear 33 rotates, the third gear 33 drives the fourth gear 35 to rotate through the gear shaft 34, the fourth gear 35 drives the fifth gear 36 to rotate, the fifth gear 36 drives the first crushing roller 40 to rotate, the fourth gear 35 drives the sixth gear 37 to rotate, and then drives the seventh gear 38 to rotate, the seventh gear 38 drives the eighth gear 39 to rotate, and then drives the second crushing roller 74 to rotate, thus the first crushing roller 40 and the second crushing roller 74 rotate as a whole and rotate in the opposite direction of the crushing spiral shell 28, and at the same time the first crushing roller 40 and the second crushing roller 74 rotate, the first crushing roller 40 and the second crushing roller 74 drive the first crushing knife 46, the second crushing knife 47 and the third crushing knife 48 on them to rotate respectively, the three kinds of crushing knives mesh with each other to crush the straws; the third battery 42 supplies power for the third motor 43, the third motor 43 drives the fan 44 to rotate, and then blows the crushed roots and straws into the furrow through the pipeline.The fourth battery 49 supplies power to the fourth motor 50, and the fourth motor 50 drives the first ridge-moving gear 51 to rotate. The rotation of the first ridge-moving gear 51 drives the second ridge-moving gear 52 to rotate, and then drives the ridge-moving gear connecting rod 53 to rotate. The rotation of the ridge-moving gear connecting rod 53 drives the fourth ridge-moving gear 55 to rotate around the third ridge-moving gear 54 while generating self-rotation. The rotation of the fourth ridge-moving gear 55 drives the fifth ridge-moving gear 56 to rotate, and then drives the ridge-moving connecting rod 70 to rotate. The ridge-moving connecting rod 70 rotates while rotating around the third ridge-moving gear 54. The rotation of the ridge-moving connecting rod 70 drives the ridge-moving cutter bar 58 to perform planetary motion. However, the frame structure formed by the track limiting plate 57 and the frame 1 limits the movement of the ridge-moving cutter bar 58, causing the ridge-moving cutter bar 58 to move horizontally along the outer frame contour of the track limiting plate 57. The movement of the rod 58 drives the ridge-moving blade 60 to move, pushing the soil on the adjacent ridge platforms on both sides of the ridge toward the ridge, burying the broken roots and straw in the newly formed ridge. During the pushing process, the pressure increases, the ridge-moving torsion spring 59 is stressed, and the ridge-moving blade 60 rotates to form a ridge slope. When the roller is pressing, the roller spring 63 is stressed, causing the roller shell 64 to rotate under the friction with the ridge platform, and then drives the roller inner shaft 65 to rotate. The rotation of the roller shell 64 drives the roller protrusion 66 to rotate. When the roller protrusion 66 contacts the ridge platform, the roller protrusion spring 67 is subjected to increased pressure, the roller protrusion spring 67 is compressed, and the roller protrusion 66 retracts into the roller shell 64. When the roller protrusion 66 leaves the ridge platform, the roller protrusion spring 67 is reset, and the roller protrusion 66 extends, thereby suppressing the new ridge platform while effectively reducing the adhesion of soil to the roller.

[0020] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements that are inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0021] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for crushing roots and straws of ridge-planted crops, moving ridges, covering and returning to the field, characterized in that: the device comprises a frame (1), a root straw collecting device, a root straw crushing device, and a ridge moving device, wherein the front end of the frame (1) is provided with a root straw collecting device, the upper end of the frame (1) is provided with a root straw crushing device, and the lower end of the frame (1) is provided with a ridge moving device; the root straw crushing device comprises a second motor (25), a crushing spiral housing (28), a crushing roller, a crushing knife and a fan (44), the second battery (24) and the second motor (25) are both fixedly mounted on the frame (1), the second battery (24) and the second motor (25) are connected by electric wires, the first gear (26) is fixedly mounted concentrically with a power output shaft at one end of the second motor (25), and the first gear (26) is fixedly mounted concentrically with a power output shaft at one end of the second motor (25). ) is meshed with the second gear (27), the second gear (27) is fixedly mounted concentrically with the middle of the crushing spiral shell (28), and the crushing spiral shell (28) is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the frame (1); the first crushing pulley (29) is fixedly mounted concentrically with the other end power output shaft of the second motor (25), the second crushing pulley (31) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the first crushing connecting rod (32) at a position between the center and one end, the first crushing pulley (29) and the second crushing pulley (31) are connected by a crushing belt (30), the above-mentioned crushing rollers include a first crushing roller (40) and a second crushing roller (74), the two ends of the first crushing connecting rod (32) are respectively connected to the small diameter end of the first crushing roller (40) and the second crushing roller The large diameter end of the first crushing roller (40) and the large diameter end of the second crushing roller (74) are rotatably mounted, and the small diameter end of the first crushing roller (40) and the large diameter end of the second crushing roller (74) are both rotatably mounted on the crushing gear partition (45). The crushing gear partition (45) is rotatably mounted in the inner groove of the internal gear (71). The internal gear (71) is fixed at one end of the frame (1). The center of the gear shaft (34) is rotatably mounted in the groove of the first crushing connecting rod (32). The third gear (33) and the fourth gear (35) are respectively concentrically fixed at the two ends of the gear shaft (34). The third gear (33) is meshed with the internal gear (71). The fifth gear (36) is concentrically fixed at the small diameter end of the first crushing roller (40) and meshed with the fourth gear (35). The sixth gear ( 37) is rotatably mounted at the center position of the inner side of the first crushing connecting rod (32) and meshed with the fourth gear (35) and the seventh gear (38) respectively. The seventh gear (38) is rotatably mounted at a position between the center and one end of the inner side of the first crushing connecting rod (32) and meshed with the eighth gear (39). The eighth gear (39) is concentrically fixed to the large diameter end of the second crushing roller (74). The first crushing roller (40) and the second crushing roller (74) are mounted opposite to each other. The large diameter end of the first crushing roller (40) and the small diameter end of the second crushing roller (74) are rotatably mounted to the two ends of the second crushing connecting rod (41) respectively. The second crushing connecting rod (41) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1) at a position between the center and one end.The above-mentioned crushing blades include a first crushing blade (46), a second crushing blade (47), and a third crushing blade (48). The first crushing blade (46) is approximately triangular in shape and is evenly spaced along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the large diameter end of the crushing roller. The outer blade of the second crushing blade (47) is approximately W-shaped and the inner blade is arc-shaped and is evenly spaced along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the middle of the crushing roller. The third crushing blade (48) is approximately in the shape of a "human" and is evenly spaced along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the small diameter end of the crushing roller. The third battery (42) is fixed at the bottom of the frame (1). The third motor (43) is fixed at the frame ( 1), a third battery (42) and a third motor (43) are connected by wires, a fan (44) and a power output shaft of the third motor (43) are fixedly mounted, the crushing spiral housing (28) rotates to drive the straw to move, and at the same time, the straw is brought to the highest point of the crushing spiral housing (28), and falls between the first crushing roller (40) and the second crushing roller (74), the straw crushing device uses planetary gears to realize the two crushing rollers and the crushing spiral housing (28) rotating in opposite directions while rotating on their own, the three crushing knives mesh with each other, crushing the straw, and the crushed straw is blown into the furrow by the fan (44).

2. A device for crushing, moving, covering and returning roots and straw of ridge-planted crops to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: the root and straw collecting device comprises a collecting shell (2), a collecting rotating frame (10), straw-moving teeth, a root planing knife (14), a collecting spiral shaft (18) and a conveyor belt (20); a first battery (3) and a first motor (4) are both fixedly mounted at the rear end of the collecting shell (2); the first battery (3) and the first motor (4) are connected by electric wires; a first collecting gear (5) is fixedly mounted concentrically with a power output shaft of the first motor (4); the first collecting gear (5) is meshed with a second collecting gear (6); and the second collecting gear (6) The first collecting pulley (7) and the first collecting pulley (7) are fixedly mounted concentrically with one end of the collecting spiral shaft (18), both ends of the collecting spiral shaft (18) are rotatably mounted on both ends of the collecting shell (2), the second collecting pulley (9) is fixedly mounted concentrically on one end of the collecting rotating frame (10), the first collecting pulley (7) and the second collecting pulley (9) are connected by a collecting belt (8), and both ends of the collecting rotating frame (10) are rotatably mounted on the collecting shell (2), the above-mentioned straw-splitting teeth include a first straw-splitting tooth (11), a second straw-splitting tooth (12), and a third straw-splitting tooth (13), the first straw-splitting tooth (11), the second straw-splitting tooth (1 2) and the third straw tooth (13) are fixed on the collecting rotating frame (10) in sequence from the two ends to the middle at different installation angles. The root planing knife (14) consists of a blade, a knife column, and a top piece. The root planing knife (14) is inserted into the groove of the collecting rotating frame (10). The root planing spring (15) is sleeved on the knife column of the root planing knife (14). Its two ends are respectively in contact with the top piece at the upper end of the root planing knife (14) and the inside of the collecting rotating frame (10). The top piece at the upper end of the root planing knife (14) is in contact with the root planing cam (16). The root planing cam (16) is fixed to the root planing cam shaft (17). Both ends of the root planing cam shaft (17) are fixed to the collecting rotating frame (10). On both ends of the collection housing (2); the transmission gear (19) is engaged with the second collection gear (6) and is fixedly mounted concentrically with the driving shaft of the conveyor belt (20); the first transmission pulley (21) is fixedly mounted concentrically with the driving shaft of the conveyor belt (20); the second transmission pulley (23) is fixedly mounted concentrically with the driven shaft of the conveyor belt (20); the first transmission pulley (21) and the second transmission pulley (23) are connected by transmission through a transmission belt (22); the driving shaft and the driven shaft of the conveyor belt (20) are respectively inserted into the two ends of the transmission baffle (73); and the two ends of the transmission baffle (73) are respectively fixedly mounted with the collection housing (2) and the frame (1).

3. A ridge-cultivated crop root and straw crushing, ridge-moving, covering and returning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ridge-moving device includes a ridge-moving gear, a ridge-moving blade (60), a roller frame (61) and a roller, the fourth battery (49) and the fourth motor (50) are both fixedly mounted at the bottom of the frame (1), the fourth battery (49) and the fourth motor (50) are connected by wires, the above-mentioned ridge-moving gear includes a first ridge-moving gear (51), a second ridge-moving gear (52), a third ridge-moving gear (54), a fourth ridge-moving gear (55), and a fifth ridge-moving gear (56), the power output shaft of the fourth motor (50) passes through a groove on the frame (1) and is fixed concentrically with the first ridge-moving gear (51), the ridge-moving gear shaft (69) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1), the second ridge-moving gear The wheel (52) is rotatably mounted concentrically on the ridge-shifting gear shaft (69) and meshed with the first ridge-shifting gear (51). The ridge-shifting gear connecting rod (53) is triangular. The first corner of the ridge-shifting gear connecting rod (53) is fixed to the second ridge-shifting gear (52). The third ridge-shifting gear (54) is concentrically fixed to the ridge-shifting gear shaft (69) and meshed with the fourth ridge-shifting gear (55). The fourth ridge-shifting gear (55) is rotatably mounted on the second corner of the ridge-shifting gear connecting rod (53) and meshed with the fifth ridge-shifting gear (56). The fifth ridge-shifting gear (56) is rotatably mounted on the third corner of the ridge-shifting gear connecting rod (53). The center of the track limiting plate (57) is fixed to the lower end of the ridge-shifting gear shaft (69). One end of the ridge-shifting connecting rod (70) is fixed to the fifth ridge-shifting gear. The wheel (56) is fixed concentrically, the ridge-moving cutter bar (58) is rotatably mounted in the groove at the other end of the ridge-moving connecting rod (70), the ridge-moving torsion spring (59) is concentrically mounted on the lower cross bar of the ridge-moving cutter bar (58), and both ends of the ridge-moving torsion spring (59) are in contact with the ridge-moving cutter plate (60), the middle of the ridge-moving torsion spring (59) is in contact with the ridge-moving cutter bar (58), the mounting hole at the top of the ridge-moving cutter plate (60) is rotatably mounted on the cross bar at the lower end of the ridge-moving cutter bar (58), the roller frame (61) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1), one end of the roller limiting rod (62) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1), and the other end is inserted into the groove of the roller frame (61), the roller spring (63) is mounted on the roller limiting rod (62), and its two ends are respectively in contact with the roller The roller frame (61) is in contact with the upper end of the roller limiting rod (62). The roller comprises a roller shell (64), a roller inner shaft (65), a roller protrusion (66), a roller protrusion spring (67), and a roller protrusion spring sleeve (68). The two ends of the roller inner shaft (65) are rotatably mounted on the connecting rods on both sides of the roller frame (61). The roller shell (64) and the roller inner shaft (65) are fixed concentrically. The roller protrusion (66) is slidably mounted in a groove on the surface of the roller shell (64). The two ends of the roller protrusion spring (67) are fixed on the roller protrusion (66) and the roller inner shaft (65) respectively. The roller protrusion spring sleeve (68) is sleeved on the roller protrusion spring (67), and its two ends are fixed on the roller inner shaft (65) and the roller shell (64) respectively.Two ground wheels (72) are rotatably mounted on both sides of the frame (1), thereby forming a device for crushing, moving, covering and returning ridge-cultivated crop roots and straw to the field.

Images