Diaphragm monitoring method and device based on electrical impedance change and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a diaphragm monitoring method and device based on electrical impedance change and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of medical monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an electrical impedance imaging signal collected around the chest of a subject in real time; generating an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance imaging signal; generating a diaphragm interest region corresponding to the diaphragm part of the subject according to the electrical impedance state image; and shielding a lung respiration signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal by using the diaphragm interest region, and updating the electrical impedance state image to obtain an electrical impedance change image only displaying the diaphragm region. Through the content of the application, the diaphragm activity condition of the subject can be monitored in real time, so that the diaphragm function condition can be known, and accurate diagnosis and treatment can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of medical monitoring technology, and in particular to a diaphragm monitoring method, device and storage medium based on electrical impedance change. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, because the diaphragm is a skeletal muscle in the body, the evaluation of the diaphragm and / or phrenic nerve function is often indirect, one-time, and short-term, such as: Diaphragm movement test: By observing the patient's diaphragm movement, it is possible to preliminarily determine whether the phrenic nerve is damaged. For example, the doctor may ask the patient to take a deep breath and observe the coordinated movement of the abdomen and chest; CT scans and MRI are used to evaluate the position, morphology, and function of the diaphragm, and to check for any damage, compression, or other lesions; Phrenic nerve examination: Through phrenic nerve electrophysiological examination, including electromyography and motor latency measurement, the conduction function and degree of damage of the phrenic nerve can be clarified; Functional assessment: The doctor can also perform some functional tests, such as pulmonary function tests and blood gas analysis, to evaluate the patient's respiratory function and oxygenation, as well as determine the extent of the impact of diaphragm or phrenic nerve damage.

[0003] The above measurements cannot be continuously monitored in real time in the ward, especially during surgery, and the diaphragm function cannot be known. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a diaphragm monitoring method, device and storage medium based on electrical impedance change, which can monitor the diaphragm activity of a subject in real time, so as to understand the diaphragm function and help achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Acquire electrical impedance imaging signals collected in real time around the chest of the subject;

[0007] generating an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance imaging signal;

[0008] generating a diaphragm region of interest corresponding to the diaphragm position of the subject according to the electrical impedance state image;

[0009] The diaphragm region of interest is used to shield the lung breathing signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal, and the electrical impedance state image is updated to obtain an electrical impedance change image that only displays the diaphragm region.

[0010] In some embodiments, generating an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance imaging signal comprises:

[0011] The electrical impedance imaging signal is calculated using a differential image reconstruction algorithm to generate an electrical impedance image sequence;

[0012] An electrical impedance state image is generated according to the electrical impedance image sequence.

[0013] In some embodiments, the calculation formula of the differential image reconstruction algorithm includes:

[0014] Δσ=F(Δd);

[0015] Among them, △d represents the difference of chest wall measurement data at two moments, △σ represents the change value of chest conductivity in the corresponding time period, and F represents the function for realizing differential image reconstruction.

[0016] In some embodiments, the differential image reconstruction algorithm includes any one of a Newton-Raphson algorithm, a Gauss-Newton algorithm, a statistics-based random inversion algorithm, or an algorithm based on machine learning.

[0017] In some embodiments, generating an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance image sequence comprises:

[0018] The electrical impedance image sequence is calculated using any one of the linear regression method and the standard deviation method to generate an electrical impedance state image.

[0019] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the electrical impedance image sequence using a linear regression method comprises:

[0020] constructing an electrical impedance matrix according to the electrical impedance image sequence;

[0021] All elements in the electrical impedance matrix are calculated to determine the average value of the electrical impedance of all pixels over time;

[0022] Calculating each pixel in the electrical impedance matrix using the average value, determining the linear regression of the electrical impedance time variation of each pixel and the average value, and obtaining the linear regression slope of each pixel;

[0023] The linear regression slopes of all pixels are combined to obtain the electrical impedance state image.

[0024] In some embodiments, after the step of shielding the lung breathing signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal by using the diaphragm region of interest, the method further includes:

[0025] After shielding the lung breathing signal, the electrical impedance imaging signal is denoised to remove edge noise points, thereby obtaining an electrical impedance imaging signal that only displays the diaphragm area of ​​interest.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides an electrical impedance imaging device, comprising:

[0027] A signal acquisition module, used to obtain electrical impedance imaging signals collected in real time around the chest of the subject;

[0028] An image generating module, used for generating an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance imaging signal;

[0029] A diaphragm region of interest setting module, used to generate a diaphragm region of interest corresponding to the diaphragm position of the subject according to the electrical impedance state image;

[0030] The diaphragm image generation module is used to shield the lung breathing signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal by using the diaphragm region of interest, and to update the electrical impedance state image to obtain an electrical impedance change image showing only the diaphragm region.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in the above aspects.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the steps of the method described in the above aspects when executed by a processor.

[0033] In a fifth aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the steps of the method described in the above aspects when executed by a processor.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments of the above scheme may have the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0035] The present disclosure provides a diaphragm monitoring method, device, storage medium and computer program based on impedance change, the monitoring method includes: obtaining an impedance imaging signal collected in real time around the chest of a subject; generating an impedance state image according to the impedance imaging signal; generating a diaphragm interest area corresponding to the diaphragm part of the subject according to the impedance state image; using the diaphragm interest area to shield the lung breathing signal in the impedance imaging signal, and updating the impedance state image to obtain an impedance change image that only shows the diaphragm area. By forming an impedance change image of the diaphragm area, the diaphragm activity of the subject can be monitored in real time, so as to know the diaphragm function, which is helpful to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment; at the same time, when monitoring the diaphragm movement, the pulmonary ventilation and / or pulmonary perfusion can also be monitored, and the image before the lung breathing signal is not shielded is displayed to improve the monitoring ability. In addition, the diaphragm movement of the patient over a period of time can be analyzed and compared to form a diaphragm movement change image, which provides clinical medical care with information on the changes in the patient's condition, which is helpful to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment of such patients. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The present disclosure will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 2 A simplified flowchart of a diaphragm monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 3 The embodiment of the present disclosure corresponds to Figure 1 An exemplary flow chart of step S2 in FIG.

[0040] Figure 4 This is an image sequence reconstructed in step S2 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein each legend represents a conductivity change diagram;

[0041] Figure 5 The embodiment of the present disclosure corresponds to Figure 3 An exemplary flow chart of step S22 in FIG.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical impedance state image obtained through step S22 in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the diaphragm region ROI obtained through step S3 in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 8 The diaphragm region ROI is applied to the diaphragm ROI image sequence obtained in step S2 in the embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein each legend represents a conductivity change diagram;

[0045] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of a sequence of images of lung ventilation and diaphragm movement simultaneously displayed after using diaphragm ROI in an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein each legend represents a conductivity change diagram;

[0046] Fig.10 An exemplary block diagram of an electrical impedance imaging device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] Fig.11 A schematic block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a readable storage medium provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same components, and the drawings are not drawn to scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present disclosure, and to fully understand and implement how the present disclosure applies technical means to solve technical problems and achieve the corresponding technical effects, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only embodiments of a part of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure and the various features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present disclosure and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0052] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0053] The concept of breathing and breathing exercises:

[0054] Respiration: The process of gas exchange between the body and the external environment is called respiration. Through respiration, the body takes in the O2 needed for metabolism from the atmosphere and discharges the produced CO2. Therefore, respiration is one of the basic physiological processes necessary to maintain the body's metabolism and other functional activities. Once respiration stops completely, life will also end. Respiration in a broad sense refers to the entire process of gas (mainly oxygen and carbon dioxide) exchange between the body of humans and higher animals and the external environment. In humans and higher animals, respiration includes external respiration, gas transport in the blood, and internal respiration. Internal respiration refers to the gas exchange process between tissue cells and capillary blood, and external respiration refers to the gas exchange process between blood and external air, including pulmonary ventilation and pulmonary gas exchange. Respiration in a narrow sense refers only to respiratory movements.

[0055] Respiratory movement: It is the process of rhythmic expansion and contraction of the chest caused by the contraction and relaxation of respiratory muscles. It is also the process that provides the driving force for the gas exchange between the lungs and the outside world. External respiration is achieved by the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the chest, and the passive expansion (inhalation), retraction (exhalation) and rest of the lungs caused by it. Healthy adults breathe about 16 to 20 times per minute at rest, and children breathe about 20 to 30 times per minute. People have different breathing patterns under different conditions.

[0056] The main muscles involved in the exercise are respiratory muscles such as the diaphragm, external intercostal muscles, internal intercostal muscles and abdominal wall muscles. The diaphragm is the most important respiratory muscle in the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of all respiratory muscle functions. During a peaceful inhalation, the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract, causing the front-to-back, left-to-right and top-to-bottom diameters of the chest cavity to increase, and the lungs to expand accordingly, forming an active inhalation movement. When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax, the ribs and sternum return to their original positions due to their own gravity and elasticity, resulting in a reduction in the chest cavity, and the lungs also shrink, forming a passive exhalation movement.

[0057] During quiet breathing, the average range of motion of the left diaphragm is 1.8±0.4cm, and the average range of motion of the right diaphragm is 1.8±0.3cm, with no significant difference between the two sides. During deep breathing, the average range of motion of the left diaphragm is 7.3±1cm, and the average range of motion of the right diaphragm is 6.6±1.3cm. Generally, the diaphragm activity of men is greater than that of women. There are also research data to show that when the diaphragm moves 1 cm, the lung ventilation volume increases by about 350ml.

[0058] Inhalation: the external intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract → the ribs move upward and outward (the top of the diaphragm drops) → the chest cavity expands → the external atmospheric pressure is greater than the air pressure in the lungs → the external gas enters the lungs.

[0059] Exhalation: the external intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax → the ribs drop, the top of the diaphragm rises → the volume of the chest cavity decreases → the alveoli use elasticity → retract, resulting in increased air pressure in the lungs, increased atmospheric pressure in the lungs → the gas in the lungs is discharged from the alveoli.

[0060] The phrenic nerve is a mixed nerve, which is composed of nerve fibers from C3 to C5 and then descends to the diaphragm. The main functions of the phrenic nerve are: ① Maintaining normal tension of the diaphragm; ② Transmitting voluntary respiratory impulses from the cerebral cortex and regulating the voluntary respiratory movement state; ③ Transmitting involuntary respiratory impulses from the brainstem and regulating the involuntary respiratory movement state; ④ Transmitting the stimulation impulses of the diaphragm upward to the cerebral cortex and the brainstem respiratory center to form a feedback loop. It can be seen that the function of the phrenic nerve directly determines the function of the diaphragm, which in turn affects the ventilation function. The motor function of the diaphragm can also directly reflect the function of the phrenic nerve.

[0061] Because the diaphragm is a skeletal muscle in the body, the evaluation of the diaphragm and / or phrenic nerve function is often indirect, one-time, and short-term, such as: Diaphragm movement test: By observing the patient's diaphragm movement, it is possible to preliminarily determine whether the phrenic nerve is damaged. For example, the doctor may ask the patient to take a deep breath and observe the coordinated movement of the abdomen and chest; CT scans and MRI are used to evaluate the position, morphology, and function of the diaphragm, and to check for any damage, compression, or other lesions; Phrenic nerve examination: Through phrenic nerve electrophysiological examination, including electromyography and motor latency measurement, the conduction function of the phrenic nerve and the degree of damage can be determined; Functional evaluation: The doctor can also perform some functional tests, such as pulmonary function tests and blood gas analysis, to evaluate the patient's respiratory function and oxygenation, as well as determine the extent of the impact of diaphragm or phrenic nerve damage.

[0062] The above measurements cannot be continuously monitored in real time in the ward, especially during surgery. EIT technology is an imaging monitoring method that can directly see the diaphragm activity. By changing the diaphragm movement amplitude, it can assist clinical medical staff in evaluating the functional status of the diaphragm and phrenic nerve. In particular, in the case of unilateral diaphragm or phrenic nerve paralysis, there is a significant difference in the diaphragm movement on the left and right sides at the same time, which can better reflect the functional status of the diaphragm.

[0063] Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) generally refers to chest electrical impedance imaging technology, which injects weak safe current and measures surface voltage through electrodes placed on the human body surface, and uses corresponding imaging algorithms to obtain the distribution of electrical impedance changes inside the human body, thereby reflecting the physiological and pathological information related to it. Chest electrical impedance tomography equipment is a bedside non-invasive and radiation-free monitoring device. By taking real-time tomographic functional images of lung ventilation and / or blood flow changes, clinicians can observe and estimate the distribution of lung ventilation and blood flow under different ventilation settings or after operations such as prone position.

[0064] In order to better observe the distribution of pulmonary ventilation and blood flow during EIT operation, it is recommended to place the electrode strip at the 4th to 6th intercostal space of the midclavicular line. This is because impedance noise caused by diaphragm activity will frequently appear below the 6th intercostal space, and the tomographic imaging of EIT is the average tomographic imaging of about 5 cm above and below the monitored electrode strip. The appearance of diaphragm activity artifacts will greatly increase the impedance noise signal, which will seriously affect the observation of normal pulmonary ventilation and blood flow changes.

[0065] The disclosed embodiment provides a diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change. By utilizing the sensitivity of EIT technology to diaphragm noise, the influence of diaphragm or phrenic nerve disease on diaphragm activity or the recovery of diaphragm function after treatment can be detected, and some technical operations involving the diaphragm can also be well evaluated and monitored. For example, in spinal anesthesia or continuous epidural anesthesia, if the puncture point is too high and the anesthesia is too deep, it will often involve unilateral or bilateral diaphragms or phrenic nerves, reduce the diaphragm movement amplitude, cause diaphragm paralysis, and cause atelectasis of one or both lungs. This symptom cannot be maintained after lung re-expansion or lung inflation operation, and atelectasis will occur again before the diaphragm recovers its normal function. If the EIT electrode belt is placed between the 6th and 10th intercostal spaces, the appearance of diaphragm noise signals can be well observed. The monitoring is real-time imaging, and the recovery of the diaphragm and / or phrenic nerve can be judged according to the change in the diaphragm movement amplitude, so that accurate diagnosis and treatment can be achieved for patients with atelectasis caused by anesthesia.

[0066] Specifically, the diaphragm monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes obtaining the electrical impedance imaging signal collected in real time around the chest of the subject; generating an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance imaging signal; generating a diaphragm interest region corresponding to the diaphragm part of the subject according to the electrical impedance state image; using the diaphragm interest region to shield the lung breathing signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal, and updating the electrical impedance state image to obtain an electrical impedance change image that only shows the diaphragm area. By forming an electrical impedance change image of the diaphragm area, the diaphragm activity of the subject can be monitored in real time, so as to understand the diaphragm function and help to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment.

[0067] Embodiment 1

[0068] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, by using the required measured voltage to differentially reconstruct the image sequence, and then using the linear regression method to calculate the state image, the diaphragm ROI is set using the slope feature, and the diaphragm ROI can be applied to the differentially reconstructed image sequence to only display the diaphragm electrical impedance changes.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, a diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change includes steps S1-S4, specifically including:

[0070] S1. Obtain electrical impedance imaging signals collected in real time around the chest of the subject.

[0071] In some embodiments, this embodiment detects the electrical impedance imaging signal around the chest of the subject through the EIT device, and places a certain number of electrodes (for example, 16) between the 6th and 10th intercostal spaces (not fixed, depending on the specific condition of the patient) on the chest of the subject. According to a specific excitation-measurement scheme, a safe current is applied to the human body through some electrodes, and the voltage is measured on the remaining electrodes, thereby obtaining a series of voltage data. These measurements can be performed in real time. In addition, as an alternative excitation-measurement strategy, it is also possible to choose to apply voltage to some electrodes and measure current on other electrodes at the same time to achieve real-time collection of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) signals, so that the appearance of diaphragm noise signals can be well observed. The monitoring is real-time imaging, and the recovery of the diaphragm and / or phrenic nerve can be judged according to the changes in the amplitude of diaphragm movement, so that accurate diagnosis and treatment can be achieved for patients with atelectasis caused by anesthesia.

[0072] S2. Generate an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance imaging signal.

[0073] In some embodiments, step S2, such as Figure 3 As shown, including:

[0074] S21, calculating the electrical impedance imaging signal using a differential image reconstruction algorithm to generate an electrical impedance image sequence;

[0075] S22. Generate an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance image sequence.

[0076] In some embodiments, the calculation formula of the differential image reconstruction algorithm includes:

[0077] Δσ=F(Δd);

[0078] Among them, △d represents the difference of chest wall measurement data at two moments, △σ represents the change value of chest conductivity in the corresponding time period, and F represents the function for realizing differential image reconstruction.

[0079] Furthermore, the differential image reconstruction algorithm includes any one of the Newton-Raphson algorithm, the Gauss-Newton algorithm, a statistically based random inversion algorithm, or an algorithm based on machine learning. Figure 4 As shown, an image sequence reconstructed using the acquired voltage signal and the linearized Newton-Raphson algorithm is shown.

[0080] In some embodiments, the state image is the result of integrating the entire electrical impedance image sequence into one image; generating the electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance image sequence includes calculating the electrical impedance image sequence using any one of the calculation methods of linear regression method or standard deviation method to generate the electrical impedance state image. In this embodiment, the linear regression method is used as an example for explanation. Specifically, step S22, as shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown, including:

[0081] S221, constructing an electrical impedance matrix according to the electrical impedance image sequence;

[0082] S222, calculating all elements in the electrical impedance matrix to determine the average value of the electrical impedance of all pixels changing with time;

[0083] S223, using the average value to calculate each pixel in the electrical impedance matrix, determine the linear regression of the time variation of the electrical impedance of each pixel and the average value, and obtain the linear regression slope of each pixel;

[0084] S224, combining the linear regression slopes of all pixels to obtain an electrical impedance state image.

[0085] The impedance matrix is ​​denoted as P, each column in the matrix P corresponds to a differential reconstructed image at a time, and each row corresponds to the impedance value of a pixel at different times, denoted as a i (i=1,2,…,M), where M is the total number of rows of matrix P.

[0086] The calculation formula for calculating the average value of the electrical impedance of all pixels over time is:

[0087]

[0088] in, is the average value of the electrical impedance of all pixels over time; M is the total number of rows in the matrix P; a i (i=1,2,…,M) is the electrical impedance value of a pixel at different times corresponding to each row of the matrix P.

[0089] Furthermore, the linear regression formula for calculating the time variation of the electrical impedance and the average value is:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, LinearRegression(·,·) is the conventional linear regression algorithm, k i and b i are the slope and intercept of linear regression respectively.

[0092] Based on the above calculation results, the linear regression slopes of all pixels are combined to obtain the electrical impedance state image, which is:

[0093] I static =(k1,k2,…,k M ) T

[0094] like Figure 6As shown, the state image calculated using the aforementioned image sequence and linear regression algorithm is shown.

[0095] S3, generating a diaphragm region of interest corresponding to the diaphragm position of the subject according to the electrical impedance state image;

[0096] In some embodiments, the diaphragm region of interest is the diaphragm ROI, and the diaphragm ROI is set by utilizing the characteristics of the opposite phases between the diaphragm and the lungs, so as to shield the lung signal by using the diaphragm ROI, that is, ROI Diap□ragm =(l1,l2,…,l M ) T , where l1,l2,…,l M <0, I is the electrical impedance state image.

[0097] S4. Using the diaphragm region of interest to shield the lung breathing signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal, and updating the electrical impedance state image to obtain an electrical impedance change image that only displays the diaphragm region.

[0098] In some embodiments, after the diaphragm region of interest is used to shield the lung breathing signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal, noise may still exist at the edge, so further denoising is performed on it, specifically including: denoising the electrical impedance imaging signal after shielding the lung breathing signal to remove edge noise and obtain an electrical impedance imaging signal that only shows the diaphragm region of interest.

[0099] In this embodiment, various feasible methods can be used to remove noise points, such as setting a connected domain threshold to remove isolated noise points, median filtering, morphological processing, manual deletion based on the location of noise points, etc.

[0100] After denoising, an image showing only the electrical impedance change in the diaphragm area is obtained, such as Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , the image obtained after setting the diaphragm ROI for the impedance state image and removing the noise is further applied to step S2, so that the impedance imaging signal only has the diaphragm impedance imaging signal, thereby only displaying the impedance change image of the diaphragm area, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 Some examples of images of electrical impedance changes in the diaphragm region are shown.

[0101] In some embodiments, the method of the present application further includes synchronously displaying the impedance change image during lung ventilation and diaphragm movement based on the impedance change image of the diaphragm region and the impedance state image generated in real time in step S2. Based on this, the method of the present application can also simultaneously display the impedance change during lung ventilation and diaphragm movement, such as Fig. 9As shown in the figure, an example of the impedance change sequence when lung ventilation and diaphragm movement are displayed simultaneously is shown. The area surrounded by the curve in the figure is the diaphragm position, which can realize the synchronous real-time display of the diaphragm movement impedance change on the dynamic view and state view of lung ventilation.

[0102] The diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can monitor the diaphragm activity of the subject in real time by forming an electrical impedance change image of the diaphragm area, so as to know the diaphragm function and help to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment; at the same time, when monitoring the diaphragm movement, it can also monitor the pulmonary ventilation and / or pulmonary perfusion, and display the image before the lung breathing signal is shielded, so as to improve the monitoring ability. In addition, the diaphragm movement of the patient over a period of time can be analyzed and compared to form a diaphragm movement change image, which provides clinical medical care with information on the patient's condition changes, and helps to achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment of such patients.

[0103] The diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance changes provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is suitable for a variety of usage scenarios, and is particularly suitable for intraoperative diaphragm function monitoring in patients with a higher spinal anesthesia plane or continuous epidural anesthesia. It can simultaneously monitor the dynamic changes of diaphragm movement and atelectasis, which is conducive to accurate diagnosis and treatment of such patients; at the same time, it also has a good monitoring and guiding role when performing lung inflation or lung recruitment operations on patients with postoperative atelectasis; in addition, it has a significant monitoring effect on restorative exercises for pulmonary rehabilitation patients. When the patient takes an active deep breath and / or deep exhalation, the changes in the amplitude and shape of the diaphragm movement can be recorded on the EIT; for patients who are offline or preparing to be offline, the changes in the strength of the diaphragm movement can effectively evaluate their autonomous breathing ability.

[0104] Embodiment 2

[0105] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment provides an electrical impedance imaging device, such as Fig.10 As shown, including:

[0106] The signal acquisition module 11 is used to acquire the electrical impedance imaging signal collected in real time around the chest of the subject;

[0107] An image generating module 12, configured to generate an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance imaging signal;

[0108] A diaphragm region of interest setting module 13, used to generate a diaphragm region of interest corresponding to the diaphragm part of the subject according to the electrical impedance state image;

[0109] The diaphragm image generation module 14 is used to shield the lung breathing signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal by using the diaphragm region of interest, and to update the electrical impedance state image to obtain an electrical impedance change image showing only the diaphragm region.

[0110] Among them, the output end of the signal acquisition module 11 is connected to the input end of the image generation module 12, the first output end of the image generation module 12 is connected to the input end of the diaphragm interest area setting module 13, the second output end is connected to the input end of the diaphragm image generation module 14, and the output end of the diaphragm interest area setting module 13 is connected to the input end of the diaphragm image generation module 14, thereby realizing the steps of the method described in Example 1.

[0111] By adding the method described in the above embodiment to the EIT device in the form of software, when the diaphragm activity function is monitored by the EIT method, the setting is performed in the EIT device, and the setting steps are as follows:

[0112] (1) Add a "Diaphragm Monitoring" function button on the main interface. After clicking it, the position of the electrode belt prompts whether diaphragm imaging can be obtained. If so, stop changing the electrode belt position; if not, change the electrode belt position.

[0113] (2) When the main interface shows a stable change in diaphragm motion impedance, save and record the diaphragm image.

[0114] (3) Save the images again after treatment or at a time point selected by the medical staff and compare the changes.

[0115] Through the above solution, the diaphragm movement can be monitored directly on the EIT device without additional hardware support. Only the software function is added, which is highly feasible. While monitoring the diaphragm movement, it can also monitor lung ventilation and / or lung perfusion at the same time. The purple color represents the change of diaphragm impedance, which is conducive to the accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients.

[0116] Embodiment 3

[0117] On the basis of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory 21, a processor 22, and a computer program stored in the memory 21, wherein the processor 22 executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in the above embodiments.

[0118] In some implementations of this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program 31 is stored. When the computer program 31 is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the above embodiment are implemented.

[0119] In some implementations of this embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the steps of the method described in the above embodiment when executed by a processor.

[0120] The processor may include, but is not limited to, one or more processors or microprocessors. Each processor may be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor or other electronic components to execute the method in the above embodiments.

[0121] The computer-readable storage medium may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, and the computer-readable storage medium may include but is not limited to, for example, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, computer storage media (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, solid-state drive, removable disk, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, Blu-ray disc, etc.).

[0122] The computer-readable storage medium may also store at least one computer executable program, and the computer executable program / instruction is, for example, a computer-readable instruction. The computer-readable storage medium includes, but is not limited to, for example, a volatile memory and / or a non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, a random access memory (RAM) and / or a cache memory (cache), etc. The computer-readable storage medium may include, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, a flash memory, etc. For example, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be connected to a computing device such as a computer, and then, when the computing device runs the computer-readable instructions stored on the computer-readable storage medium, the various methods described above may be performed.

[0123] In addition, the computer device may also include (but not limited to) a data bus, an input / output (I / O) bus, a display, and input / output devices (eg, keyboard, mouse, speaker, etc.), etc.

[0124] The processor may communicate with external devices via an I / O bus via a wired or wireless network.

[0125] In one embodiment, the at least one computer executable instruction may also be compiled into or constitute a software product / computer program product, wherein one or more computer executable instructions are executed by a processor to perform the various functions and / or method steps in the embodiments described in the present technology.

[0126] In the embodiments provided in the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, functions and operations of the devices, methods and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order from the order marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or action, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0127] It should be noted that in the present disclosure, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element limited by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0128] Although the embodiments disclosed in the present disclosure are as above, the above contents are only embodiments adopted for facilitating the understanding of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any technician in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in the present disclosure, but the scope of patent protection of the present disclosure shall still be subject to the scope defined in the attached claims.

Claims

1. A diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Acquire electrical impedance imaging signals collected in real time around the chest of the subject; generating an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance imaging signal; generating a diaphragm region of interest corresponding to the diaphragm position of the subject according to the electrical impedance state image; The diaphragm region of interest is used to shield the lung breathing signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal, and the electrical impedance state image is updated to obtain an electrical impedance change image that only displays the diaphragm region.

2. The diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of generating an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance imaging signal comprises: The electrical impedance imaging signal is calculated using a differential image reconstruction algorithm to generate an electrical impedance image sequence; An electrical impedance state image is generated according to the electrical impedance image sequence.

3. The diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the differential image reconstruction algorithm includes: Δσ=F(Δd); Among them, △d represents the difference of chest wall measurement data at two moments, △σ represents the change value of chest conductivity in the corresponding time period, and F represents the function for realizing differential image reconstruction.

4. The diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change according to claim 2, characterized in that: The differential image reconstruction algorithm includes any one of a Newton-Raphson algorithm, a Gauss-Newton algorithm, a statistics-based random inversion algorithm, or an algorithm based on machine learning.

5. The diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of generating an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance image sequence comprises: The electrical impedance image sequence is calculated using any one of the linear regression method and the standard deviation method to generate an electrical impedance state image.

6. The diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of calculating the electrical impedance image sequence by using a linear regression method comprises: constructing an electrical impedance matrix according to the electrical impedance image sequence; All elements in the electrical impedance matrix are calculated to determine the average value of the electrical impedance of all pixels over time; Calculating each pixel in the electrical impedance matrix using the average value, determining the linear regression of the electrical impedance time variation of each pixel and the average value, and obtaining the linear regression slope of each pixel; The linear regression slopes of all pixels are combined to obtain the electrical impedance state image.

7. The diaphragm monitoring method based on electrical impedance change according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the step of shielding the lung breathing signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal by using the diaphragm region of interest, the method further includes: After shielding the lung breathing signal, the electrical impedance imaging signal is denoised to remove edge noise points, thereby obtaining an electrical impedance imaging signal that only displays the diaphragm area of ​​interest.

8. An electrical impedance imaging device, characterized in that: include: A signal acquisition module, used to obtain electrical impedance imaging signals collected in real time around the chest of the subject; An image generating module, used for generating an electrical impedance state image according to the electrical impedance imaging signal; A diaphragm region of interest setting module, used to generate a diaphragm region of interest corresponding to the diaphragm position of the subject according to the electrical impedance state image; The diaphragm image generation module is used to shield the lung breathing signal in the electrical impedance imaging signal by using the diaphragm region of interest, and to update the electrical impedance state image to obtain an electrical impedance change image showing only the diaphragm region.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory, characterized in that: The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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